---
annotations_creators:
- expert-generated
language_creators:
- found
languages:
- catalan
licenses:
- cc-by-sa-4.0
multilinguality:
- monolingual
pretty_name: ViquiQuAD
size_categories:
- 10K<n<100K
source_datasets:
- original
task_categories:
- question-answering
task_ids:
- extractive-qa
---

# ViquiQuAD, An extractive QA dataset for catalan, from the Wikipedia


## Dataset Description

- **Paper:** [Are Multilingual Models the Best Choice for Moderately Under-resourced Languages? A Comprehensive Assessment for Catalan](https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.07903)

- **Point of Contact:** Carlos Rodríguez-Penagos (carlos.rodriguez1@bsc.es) and Carme Armentano-Oller (carme.armentano@bsc.es)



### Dataset Summary

This dataset contains 3111 contexts extracted from a set of 597 high quality original (no translations) articles in the Catalan Wikipedia "Viquipèdia" (ca.wikipedia.org), and 1 to 5 questions with their answer for each fragment.

Viquipedia articles are used under [CC-by-sa] (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode) licence. 

This dataset can be used to fine-tune and evaluate extractive-QA and Language Models. It is part of the Catalan Language Understanding Benchmark (CLUB).

### Supported Tasks and Leaderboards

Extractive-QA, Language Model

### Languages

CA - Catalan

## Dataset Structure

### Data Instances

<pre>
{
  "data": [
    {
      "title": "Frederick W. Mote",
      "paragraphs": [
        {
          "context": "L'historiador Frederick W. Mote va escriure que l'ús del terme \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\"classes socials\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\" per a aquest sistema era enganyós i que la posició de les persones dins del sistema de quatre classes no era una indicació del seu poder social i riquesa reals, sinó que només implicava \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\"graus de privilegi\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\" als quals tenien dret institucionalment i legalment, de manera que la posició d'una persona dins de les classes no era una garantia de la seva posició, ja que hi havia xinesos rics i amb bona reputació social, però alhora hi havia menys mongols i semu rics que mongols i semu que vivien en la pobresa i eren maltractats.",
          "qas": [
            {
              "answers": [
                {
                  "text": "Frederick W. Mote",
                  "answer_start": 14
                }
              ],
              "id": "5728848cff5b5019007da298",
              "question": "Qui creia que el sistema de classes socials de Yuan no s’hauria d’anomenar classes socials?"
            },
            ...
          ]
        }
      ]
    }, 
    ...
   ]
} 

</pre>
### Data Fields

Follows [Rajpurkar, Pranav et al., 2016](http://arxiv.org/abs/1606.05250) for squad v1 datasets.

### Data Splits

- train: 11259 examples
- developement: 1493 examples
- test: 1428 examples


## Dataset Creation

### Methodology

From a set of high quality, non-translation, articles in the Catalan Wikipedia (ca.wikipedia.org), 597 were randomly chosen, and from them 3111, 5-8 sentence contexts were extracted. We commissioned creation of between 1 and 5 questions for each context, following an adaptation of the guidelines from SQUAD 1.0 [Rajpurkar, Pranav et al. “SQuAD: 100, 000+ Questions for Machine Comprehension of Text.” EMNLP (2016)], (http://arxiv.org/abs/1606.05250). In total, 15153 pairs of a question and an extracted fragment that contains the answer were created.

### Curation Rationale

For compatibility with similar datasets in other languages, we followed as close as possible existing curation guidelines.

### Source Data

- https://ca.wikipedia.org

#### Initial Data Collection and Normalization

The source data are scraped articles from the Catalan wikipedia site (https://ca.wikipedia.org).

#### Who are the source language producers?

[More Information Needed]

### Annotations

#### Annotation process

We commissioned the creation of 1 to 5 questions for each context, following an adaptation of the guidelines from SQUAD 1.0 (Rajpurkar, Pranav et al. “SQuAD: 100, 000+ Questions for Machine Comprehension of Text.” EMNLP (2016)), http://arxiv.org/abs/1606.05250.

#### Who are the annotators?

Annotation was commissioned to an specialized company that hired a team of native language speakers.

### Personal and Sensitive Information

No personal or sensitive information included.

## Considerations for Using the Data

### Social Impact of Dataset

[More Information Needed]

### Discussion of Biases

[More Information Needed]

### Other Known Limitations

[More Information Needed]

## Additional Information

### Dataset Curators

Carlos Rodríguez-Penagos (carlos.rodriguez1@bsc.es) and Carme Armentano-Oller (carme.armentano@bsc.es)

### Licensing Information

This work is licensed under a <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License</a>.

### Citation Information



```

@inproceedings{armengol-estape-etal-2021-multilingual,
    title = "Are Multilingual Models the Best Choice for Moderately Under-resourced Languages? {A} Comprehensive Assessment for {C}atalan",
    author = "Armengol-Estap{\'e}, Jordi  and
      Carrino, Casimiro Pio  and
      Rodriguez-Penagos, Carlos  and
      de Gibert Bonet, Ona  and
      Armentano-Oller, Carme  and
      Gonzalez-Agirre, Aitor  and
      Melero, Maite  and
      Villegas, Marta",
    booktitle = "Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL-IJCNLP 2021",
    month = aug,
    year = "2021",
    address = "Online",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2021.findings-acl.437",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2021.findings-acl.437",
    pages = "4933--4946",
}

```

[DOI](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4562344)

### Funding

This work was funded by the [Catalan Ministry of the Vice-presidency, Digital Policies and Territory](https://politiquesdigitals.gencat.cat/en/inici/index.html) within the framework of the [Aina project](https://politiquesdigitals.gencat.cat/ca/tic/aina-el-projecte-per-garantir-el-catala-en-lera-digital/).